All language subtitles for Volcanoes Dual Destruction 1080p

Narrator: SUMMER 2018.

\h\h\h\hTWO VOLCANOES,
TWO DRAMATIC ERUPTIONS.

KILAUEA IN HAWAII...

AND FUEGO, THE VOLCANO OF FIRE,
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIN GUATEMALA.

\h\h\hBOTH UNLEASH TERROR,
BUT IN VERY DIFFERENT WAYS.

[BOOM]

THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE
ARE LEFT IN FEAR...

HOMELESS AND FIGHTING
\h\hFOR THEIR LIVES.

\h\hTHROUGH UNIQUE
EYEWITNESS ACCOUNTS

WE EXPERIENCE EVENTS
\h\h\hAS THEY HAPPEN.

Man: YOU’RE PROBABLY GOING TO
\h\hLOSE EVERYTHING YOU OWN.

Narrator: TWO CAMERAMEN
\h\h\hRISK THEIR LIVES

TO CAPTURE THE UNFOLDING DRAMA.

Man: YOU COULD SMELL THE DEATH.

AN EXPERIENCE THAT’LL REMAIN
\h\h\h\h\hIN MY MIND FOREVER.

Man: STANDING THERE ON THE ROAD,

\h\h\h\hAND THEN YOU LOOK BEHIND,
AND YOU JUST SEE THIS HUGE WALL.

Narrator: USING THE LATEST
\h\h\hSCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE,

WE ASK WHY THE ERUPTIONS
\h\h\h\hARE SO DIFFERENT

\hAND WHY ARE THEY
SO HARD TO PREDICT?

\h\h\h\h\hTHIS IS THE STORY
OF TWO CATACLYSMIC EVENTS.

♪

TWO VOLCANOES: DUAL DESTRUCTION.

BIG ISLAND, HAWAII.

BLUE SKIES AND AMAZING BEACHES
\h\hMAKE IT A TOURIST PARADISE.

\h\h\h\h\h\hA TOP ATTRACTION IS
THE NEARBY VOLCANO OF KILAUEA,

DRAWING OVER 2 MILLION
\h\h\hTOURISTS A YEAR.

\h\h\hKILAUEA IS JUST ONE OF
THE ISLAND’S FIVE VOLCANOES--

BUT IT’S ONE OF THE WORLD’S
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hMOST ACTIVE,

ERUPTING NON-STOP SINCE 1983.

MAY 3, 2018.

HUNDREDS OF SMALL EARTHQUAKES
\h\h\h\h\hSTRIKE BIG ISLAND.

[RUMBLING]

CRACKS IN THE GROUND OPEN UP AND
UNLEASH SCALDING JETS OF STEAM.

\hTHEN, AT 10:31 A.M.,
A POWERFUL EARTHQUAKE--

\hTHIS ONE RATING 5.0
ON THE RICHTER SCALE.

♪

Woman: YOU GUYS ALL RIGHT?

\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNarrator:
MATT PAGE AND HIS FAMILY

CAN’T FEEL THE EARTHQUAKE.

THEY’RE TAKING A HELICOPTER RIDE

\hTO VIEW THE ISLAND’S
MOST FAMOUS VOLCANO...

\h\hAND THEY’RE ABOUT TO GET
MORE THAN THEY BARGAINED FOR.

SUDDENLY, A BOILING CLOUD
\h\h\h\hOF STEAM AND ASH

BURSTS THOUSANDS OF FEET
\h\h\h\h\h\hINTO THE AIR.

\h\hMatt Page: THE VOLCANO
WAS STARTING TO BUBBLE UP,

AND THIS CLOUD JUST GETS
\h\h\h\hBIGGER AND BIGGER

AND FILLS THE WHOLE SKY,

AND WE’RE JUST KIND OF LIKE,

"WOW, THIS IS COOL,
\h\hTHIS IS CRAZY.

YOU KNOW, I HAD NO IDEA
IT WOULD BE LIKE THIS."

AND THEN AS THE PILOT FLEW AWAY,
HE SAYS,

"I’VE BEEN DOING THIS
\h\h\h\hSEVEN YEARS,

AND I’VE NEVER SEEN
ANYTHING LIKE THAT."

I WAS KIND OF LIKE,
\h"WELL, THEN, GET--

GET US THE HELL OUT OF HERE.
\h\h\h\h\h\hLIKE, LET’S GO!"

[RUMBLING]

\h\hNarrator: ASH RISING FROM
THE VOLCANO LOOKS IMPRESSIVE.

\h\hBUT A GREATER MENACE
LURKS BENEATH THE GROUND.

MILLIONS OF TONS OF MOLTEN MAGMA

IS FORCING ITS WAY
THROUGH THE EARTH.

\h\h\h\h\h\hFORTUNATELY,
HAWAII’S KILAUEA VOLCANO

IS ONE OF THE WORLD’S
\h\h\hMOST MONITORED.

\h\hSINCE APRIL, SCIENTISTS HAVE
NOTICED THE LAVA LAKE DROPPING--

A SIGN THAT A SIGNIFICANT
\h\hERUPTION MIGHT OCCUR.

\h\h\h\h\hJessica Johnson:
WE COULD SEE THAT THE MAGMA

\hWAS WITHDRAWING
FROM THOSE SITES.

THERE WAS GROUND DEFORMATION,

AND IT SHOWED THAT THOSE AREAS
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hWERE DEFLATING.

\h\h\hAND OF COURSE THERE WERE
THE EARTHQUAKES THAT WERE MADE

FROM THE MAGMA PUSHING ITS WAY
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHROUGH THE ROCK.

SO WE CAN TRACK THE EARTHQUAKES

AND WE COULD SEE THAT THE MAGMA

\h\h\h\h\hWAS HEADING DOWN
TOWARDS THE EAST RIFT ZONE.

Narrator: THE VOLCANO THREATENS
\h\h\h\hLARGE AREAS OF HOUSING

\h\hTO THE EAST OF KILAUEA,
INCLUDING LEILANI ESTATES--

HOME TO OVER 1,500 RESIDENTS.

FEW OF THEM HAVE EVER WORRIED

ABOUT LIVING IN THE SHADOW
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF A VOLCANO

UNTIL NOW.

LOCAL OFFICIALS DECLARE
\hA STATE OF EMERGENCY.

THE SMELL OF SULFUR
\h\hFILLS THE AIR,

AS SLOWLY, WITH AWESOME,
\h\h\hUNSTOPPABLE POWER,

KILAUEA’S FURY EMERGES.

[GAS HISSING]

ON HEARING THE NEWS,

LOCAL CAMERAMAN DEMIAN BARRIOS
\h\h\h\hHEADS FOR THE ACTION--

BUT HE HAS NO IDEA
\hWHAT AWAITS HIM.

Demian Barrios: I DISTINCTLY
\h\h\h\hREMEMBER THAT MOMENT

WHERE I FIRST FLEW THE DRONE UP
\hAND I POINTED THE CAMERA DOWN,

AND WAS A LITTLE BIT
\h\h\h\hDISORIENTED,

KIND OF TRYING TO FIGURE OUT
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hWHERE WE WERE.

THEN ALL OF A SUDDEN
\h\h\hIT JUST LOOKED

LIKE A HUGE CRACK IN THE GROUND,
AND IT WAS MOVING.

AND I REMEMBER LOOKING
\h\h\h\h\h\hAT MY SON,

\hAND HE LOOKED AT ME,
AND HE’S LIKE, "PAPA,"

HE’S LIKE, "IS THAT LAVA?"

AND IT TOOK ABOUT A MINUTE
BEFORE IT REALLY SUNK IN.

LIKE, HOLY COW, THIS IS
REALLY HAPPENING, RIGHT?

\h\hNarrator: FROM ABOVE,
FLAMING FISSURES OR VENTS

CAN BE SEEN BURNING A PATH
\h\h\h\hTHROUGH THE FOREST.

HUNDREDS OF HOMES
\hARE NOW AT RISK.

AND AS DAY 1 DRAWS TO A CLOSE,

HAWAII’S SLOW-MOTION DISASTER
\h\h\h\h\hIS JUST BEGINNING.

BEFORE IT’S DONE, BIG ISLAND
\h\hWILL BE CHANGED FOREVER.

WHILE THE ERUPTION
IN HAWAII UNFOLDS,

8,000 KILOMETERS AWAY
\hIN WASHINGTON, D.C.,

\h\h\h\hDATA IS FLOODING INTO
THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION’S

GLOBAL VOLCANISM PROGRAM.

\h\hHERE, SCIENTISTS AND DATA
EXPERTS ARE ON CONSTANT ALERT

\h\h\h\h\hFOR ERUPTIONS
ANYWHERE ON THE PLANET.

\h\h\h\hEd Venzke: THE MISSION
OF THE GLOBAL VOLCANISM PROGRAM

IS REALLY TO DOCUMENT
ACTIVITY AT VOLCANOES

OVER THE PAST 10,000 YEARS.

WE KNOW FROM OUR RESEARCH

THAT THERE ARE ROUGHLY
20 VOLCANOES ERUPTING

AT ANY ONE MOMENT.

BY PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER

USING CONSISTENT RULES
\h\h\hOF THE DATABASE,

\h\hWE PROVIDE THIS CONTEXT FOR
THE PUBLIC AND FOR SCIENTISTS.

David Pyle: IT’S ONLY BY HAVING
\h\h\h\h\hLONG-TERM DATA SETS,

WHERE PEOPLE COLLECT
ROUTINE INFORMATION

ABOUT VOLCANO BEHAVIOR,

THAT WE CAN START TO UNDERSTAND

THE PATTERNS OF BEHAVIOR
OF INDIVIDUAL VOLCANOES.

Narrator: SCIENTISTS ARE STILL
PROCESSING DATA FROM KILAUEA,

WHEN EXACTLY ONE MONTH LATER

\h\h\h\h\hTHEY RECEIVE NEWS
OF ANOTHER MAJOR ERUPTION.

JUNE 3, 2018.

FOR THE PEOPLE OF GUATEMALA,
\hIT’S A DAY LIKE ANY OTHER.

THE VOLCANO THAT TOWERS
\h\h\h\h\h\hABOVE THEM

IS JUST PART OF THE LANDSCAPE.

♪

\h\h\hKNOWN AS FUEGO,
THE VOLCANO OF FIRE,

GUATEMALA’S MOST ACTIVE VOLCANO

\h\h\h\hSITS DANGEROUSLY CLOSE
TO SEVERAL VILLAGES AND TOWNS.

[CHILD TALKING]

[ROOSTER CROWS]

IT’S EARLY MORNING.

\h\h\hNOTHING APPEARS
OUT OF THE ORDINARY.

FUEGO’S MONITORING STATION
HAS ONLY ONE SEISMOGRAPH.

IT SHOWS A RISE IN ACTIVITY,

\h\h\hBUT NOTHING TO INDICATE
WHAT’S ABOUT TO BE UNLEASHED.

Francisco José Toledo:
\hEARLY IN THE MORNING

ON THAT DAY, JUNE 3rd,

BULLETINS STARTED COMING IN
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hAS USUAL,

\h\h\h\h\h\h\hBUT NOT A WARNING
THERE COULD BE A BIG EXPLOSION.

Narrator: 1:00 P.M.

[RUMBLING]

THERE’S A MASSIVE EXPLOSION.

[BOOM]

ASH AND ROCK BLAST
HIGH INTO THE AIR.

YET STRANGELY, THERE’S NO PANIC.

\hPEOPLE HAVE WITNESSED
FREQUENT ASH EXPLOSIONS

FOR THE LAST 16 YEARS.

[RUMBLING]

LOCALS BELIEVE ANY FALLOUT

\h\h\hWILL SPILL INTO VALLEYS
LINING THE VOLCANO’S SLOPES.

BUT SHORTLY AFTER,
DISASTER STRIKES--

[PEOPLE SHOUTING]

\h\hA DEADLY AVALANCHE
BURSTS OVER THE HILLS.

[SIREN]

RESIDENTS FLEE FOR THEIR LIVES.

\h\hA BOILING CLOUD OF ASH,
KNOWN AS PYROCLASTIC FLOW,

FLOWS OVER 300 KILOMETERS
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hPER HOUR

\hAND CAN BE SUPERHEATED
TO 1,000 DEGREES CELSIUS.

♪

\hTHE SEARING ASH
BURNS YOUR LUNGS.

DEATH COMES IN AN INSTANT.

Pyle: ONCE THE PYROCLASTIC FLOW

\hREACHES THE SHALLOWER OR THE
FLATTER PARTS OF THE VOLCANO,

THE ASH CLOUD CAN THEN SPREAD
\hOUT ACROSS THE COUNTRYSIDE.

THEY’RE IMPOSSIBLE
\h\hTO ESCAPE FROM

AND IMPOSSIBLE TO OUTRUN.

Narrator: THE ERUPTION OF FUEGO,
ITS LARGEST IN FOUR DECADES,

IS SO BIG IT CAN BE SEEN
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hFROM SPACE.

\h\h\hASH REACHES AROUND
16 KILOMETERS IN THE AIR.

150 SQUARE KILOMETERS
\h\h\h\hARE BLANKETED

IN A SUFFOCATING LAYER.

THE FIRST RESPONDERS ARRIVE
\h\hAROUND TWO HOURS LATER.

SHOCKING SIGHTS GREET THEM.

LOCAL JOURNALIST DAVID MERCER
\h\h\h\h\h\hGRABS HIS CAMERA

\hAND HEADS STRAIGHT
TO THE DISASTER ZONE.

THESE ARE AMONG THE FIRST IMAGES
SENT TO THE OUTSIDE WORLD.

\h\h\h\h\h\hDavid Mercer: IT WAS
AN INCREDIBLY SURREAL SITUATION.

\hALL OF THE SOUND
WAS KIND OF MUFFLED

\hBY THIS THICK LAYER OF ASH
THAT WAS COVERING EVERYTHING.

\h\h\h\hIT WAS MONOCHROME--
EVERYTHING WAS MONOCHROME.

\h\h\h\h\h\hSOME PLACES, YOU KNEW
THAT THERE WAS A TWO-STORY HOUSE

AND YOU COULD JUST SEE
\h\h\hTHE VERY ROOFTOP.

SO YOU KNEW THAT THERE WAS
\h\h\h\hA COUPLE OF METERS

\h\h\h\h\h\hOF THIS MATERIAL,
OF THIS ASH AND LAVA AND MUD,

ALL SORT OF JOINED TOGETHER.

Narrator: LIKE A MODERN VERSION
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF POMPEII,

THE LAST MOMENTS OF LIFE
\h\h\hARE FROZEN IN TIME.

[SPEAKING SPANISH]

Man, translated: RIGHT HERE
\h\h\hMY MOTHER WAS BURIED.

MY ENTIRE FAMILY IS BURIED HERE.

RIGHT NOW HOW AM I
\hSUPPOSED TO CRY?

MY HEART IS COMPLETELY BROKEN.

EVERYBODY AROUND HERE
\h\hWAS MY FAMILY...

EVERYBODY.

[SPEAKING SPANISH]

\h\h\h\h\h\hMan, translated:
MY TWO LITTLE GRANDDAUGHTERS,

ONE 15-YEAR-OLD, ONE 8-YEAR-OLD.

\h\h\h\h\hOH, HOLY GOD,
I’M LEFT WITH NOTHING.

\h\hI DON’T EVEN HAVE
A CHANGE OF CLOTHES.

[WEEPING]

Mercer: GUATEMALA IS A VERY
VERDANT COUNTRY, VERY GREEN.

EVERYTHING SORT OF
RUSHES OUT AT YOU,

FULL OF LIFE AND COLOR.

\hAND IN THIS CASE
THERE WAS NOTHING.

\hEVERYTHING WAS GRAY.
EVERYTHING WAS ASHEN.

\h\h\h\hTHIS THICK CARPET
OF ASH AND ROCK AND MUD,

BUT COVERED WITH THIS ASH,
\h\hSO EVERYTHING WAS GRAY.

AND HOT.

THE HEAT WAS INCREDIBLE.

YOU KNOW, WALKING ALONG THE ASH,

YOU COULD ONLY WALK IN PLACES

THAT HAD BEEN TRODDEN BEFORE
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hBY OTHER PEOPLE

\hBECAUSE YOU RISK
OTHERWISE FALLING

THROUGH THESE METERS-THICK ASH.

AND THE HEAT WAS JUST RISING UP
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHROUGH MY BOOTS.

I HAD A GOOD PAIR OF BOOTS ON.

A LOT OF PEOPLE ENDED UP GETTING
BLISTERS, YOU KNOW, HEAT SORES,

\hON THEIR FEET JUST BECAUSE
OF THE INTENSITY OF THE HEAT.

AND THEN OF COURSE THERE’S
\h\hDESTRUCTION ALL AROUND.

THERE’S WRECKED CARS,
\h\h\h\hBURIED CARS,

HOUSES THAT HAVE BEEN DESTROYED.

SO PEOPLE CERTAINLY DIDN’T HAVE
\h\h\hA LOT OF TIME TO GET OUT,

MAYBE A COUPLE OF MINUTES
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hMAXIMUM.

AND THEN A LOT OF PEOPLE
\h\hSIMPLY DIDN’T REALIZE

THE GRAVITY OF THE SITUATION,

AND THEY THOUGHT THAT THEY
WOULD BE SAFER, ACTUALLY,

STAYING IN THEIR HOUSE,

SO VERY DIFFICULT FOR PEOPLE
\h\h\h\hTO ESCAPE FROM THIS.

THE SMELL WAS ALSO SOMETHING
\h\h\h\h\hTHAT YOU COULDN’T--

THAT YOU COULDN’T AVOID.

YOU COULD SMELL THE SULFUR
\h\h\h\h\hFROM THE VOLCANO,

FROM THE VOLCANIC ASH
\h\h\h\hAND THE LAVA.

\h\h\hYOU COULD FEEL
THAT YOU WERE WALKING

OVER ALL OF THESE DEAD BODIES.

IT WAS ABSOLUTELY AN EXPERIENCE
\h\h\hTHAT I WILL NEVER FORGET,

\h\hTHAT’LL REMAIN
IN MY MIND FOREVER.

\hNews anchor: PARTS OF HAWAII
ARE UNDER MANDATORY EVACUATION

\h\h\hAFTER ONE OF THE STATE’S
MOST ACTIVE VOLCANOES ERUPTED.

Narrator: DAY 2 ON HAWAII.

BENEATH THE GROUND,

MILLIONS OF TONS OF MAGMA
\h\h\h\h\hIS ON THE MOVE,

\h\hCREATING CRACKS
KNOWN AS FISSURES.

Barrios: THE FISSURES
INITIALLY STARTED OUT

AS VERY SMALL CRACKS,

\hSEE ALL THIS VOLCANIC GAS
EMITTING OUT OF THE CRACKS,

\h\h\h\hAND THEN THE CRACKS WOULD
KIND OF GET A LITTLE BIT BIGGER.

\h\h\h\h\h\h\hSteve Clapper:
FIRE, YOU CAN SEE IT COMING.

IT DOESN’T POP RIGHT UP
\h\h\hUNDER YOUR FEET.

YOU KNOW, THERE’S A CRACK
\h\h\h\h\hIN THE GROUND.

\hWELL, I’VE SEEN CRACKS
IN THE PAVEMENT BEFORE,

YOU KNOW, BUT I DIDN’T KNOW
\h\h\h\h\h\hTHAT THAT MEANT

THAT THERE’S A LAVA TUBE
\h\h\h\hUNDERNEATH THERE.

Barrios: THE NEXT THING YOU KNOW
THIS FOUNTAIN WOULD BUBBLE UP,

\hAND JUST LITERALLY JUST
COMING OUT OF THE GROUND.

SURELY ONE OF THE MOST AMAZING,
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hMOST DESTRUCTIVE

\h\h\hAND IMPRESSIVE THINGS
I’VE EVER SEEN IN MY LIFE.

[RUMBLING]

\h\h\h\h\hNarrator: SUDDENLY
TWO MORE VIOLENT EARTHQUAKES

SHAKE THE ISLAND.

THE FIRST RATES 5.4--

THE SECOND, A MASSIVE 6.9.

THE VOLCANO ERUPTS AGAIN
\h\hWITH EVEN MORE FORCE.

\h\h\h\h\h\h\hBY DAY 3,
EIGHT ERUPTIVE FISSURES

\h\h\h\h\hHAVE OPENED UP
NEAR THE LEILANI ESTATES.

\h\hLAVA DESTROYS TWO HOUSES,
AND THE NIGHTMARE HAS BEGUN.

[STEAM HISSING]

\hTOXIC SULFUR DIOXIDE
POURS FROM THE GROUND,

CREATING A PHENOMENON
\h\h\h\h\hCALLED VOG.

\h\h\h\h\h\hTamsin Mather:
VOG, WHICH IS A COMBINATION

OF THE WORDS VOLCANO AND FOG,

\hARE THESE HAZY EVENTS
THAT YOU GET ASSOCIATED

WITH THE VOLCANISM IN HAWAII.

SO YOU GET SULFUR DIOXIDE

COMING OFF THE FISSURE
\h\h\hOR THE LAVA FLOW

\h\h\h\hAND RELEASED
INTO THE ATMOSPHERE.

IT THEN REACTS AND CHANGES.

IT OXIDIZES INTO SULFATE

\h\h\hWHICH FORMS THESE
TINY LITTLE PARTICLES,

\h\hAND THAT CAUSES
A FOGGY APPEARANCE,

WHICH IS WHAT THEY CALL VOG
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIN HAWAII.

Narrator: PROLONGED EXPOSURE
CAUSES HEADACHES AND NAUSEA.

AUTHORITIES PUT OUT
\h\hA VOG WARNING.

News anchor: THE KILAUEA VOLCANO
ON HAWAII’S BIG ISLAND

IS SHOWING NO SIGNS
\h\hOF LETTING UP.

HUNDREDS OF RESIDENTS HAVE FLED
DUE TO THE ONGOING EARTHQUAKES,

VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS,

\h\hAND DANGEROUS LEVELS
OF TOXIC GAS IN THE AIR.

\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNarrator:
EMERGENCY SERVICES STRUGGLE

\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTO EVACUATE
THE WORST AFFECTED AREAS.

AND NO ONE CAN PREDICT
WHAT WILL HAPPEN NEXT.

[WHOOSHING]

IN GUATEMALA, THE FUEGO VOLCANO
\h\h\h\h\h\hCONTINUES TO ERUPT,

AND THE BODY COUNT RISES.

THE AUTHORITIES INITIALLY REPORT
A DEATH TOLL OF 65.

\h\h\h\h\hOTHERS BELIEVE
MANY MORE HAVE PERISHED.

[SIREN]

\hAT FIRST LIGHT, THE DESPERATE
SEARCH FOR SURVIVORS CONTINUES.

[SPEAKING SPANISH]

BUT THE EXPLOSIONS KEEP COMING.

[RUMBLING]

[PEOPLE SHOUTING]

PEOPLE SCRAMBLE FOR COVER,

\hAND RESCUE EFFORTS
HAVE TO BE SUSPENDED.

[SIREN]

\h\h\h\hTHE SCALE OF THE ERUPTION
HAS CAUGHT EVERYONE BY SURPRISE,

\h\h\h\h\hAND THE DRAMA
IS ONLY JUST STARTING.

[RUMBLING]

THERE’S GROWING HORROR
\h\h\h\hIN HAWAII, TOO,

AS LAVA CONTINUES TO PUMP
\h\h\h\hFROM THE GROUND.

THE ERUPTION IS ON TRACK

TO BECOME THE BIGGEST
\h\hIN LIVING MEMORY.

♪

IN THE RESIDENTIAL AREA
\h\hOF LEILANI ESTATES

\h\h\h\h\hIN THE RIFT ZONE
TO THE EAST OF THE VOLCANO,

ANOTHER 24 HOMES ARE DESTROYED.

\h15 ACTIVE FISSURES
ARE NOW PUMPING OUT

GROWING QUANTITIES
\hOF BOILING LAVA.

[FIRE CRACKLING]

\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hSINCE DAY ONE,
LOCAL CAMERAMAN DEMIAN BARRIOS

HAS BEEN RISKING LIFE AND LIMB

TO DOCUMENT KILAUEA’S ERUPTION
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hAS IT UNFOLDS.

\h\h\h\h\hBarrios: THE GROUND
WOULD KIND OF SHAKE AROUND IT

AND BUBBLE UP, AND THEN
\hAS THAT FOUNTAIN GREW

\h\hIT WOULD JUST BECOME
THIS MASSIVE FOUNTAINING,

\h\h\h\h\hJUST LAVA COMING
STRAIGHT OUT OF THE EARTH.

AND TO BE WALKING THROUGH THERE

\h\h\h\hAND SEEING THESE FISSURES
OPEN UP AND TAKE PEOPLE’S HOMES,

I MEAN, IT WAS VERY IMPACTFUL,
\h\h\h\hIT WAS VERY EMOTIONAL.

[RUMBLING]

Narrator: WHILE THE ERUPTION
\h\h\h\h\h\hOF KILAUEA GROWS,

\hBY DAY 7 IN GUATEMALA,
ACTIVITY HAS DIED DOWN...

AND THE SEARCH FOR SURVIVORS
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIS OVER.

RESCUE CREWS NOW HAVE
\h\h\h\hTHE GRIM TASK

OF RECOVERING THE BODIES
\h\h\h\h\h\hOF THE DEAD.

\h\h\hTHE DEATH TOLL
HAS NOW RISEN TO 99,

BUT HUNDREDS MORE REMAIN
\h\h\h\hUNACCOUNTED FOR.

SO WHY WAS THE ERUPTION OF FUEGO
SO DEADLY

WHEN IN HAWAII THERE’S BEEN
\h\h\h\h\hNO LOSS OF LIFE?

\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE ANSWERS LIE
IN THE VERY DIFFERENT GEOLOGY

OF THE TWO VOLCANOES.

HAWAII IS WHAT’S KNOWN
\hAS A SHIELD VOLCANO,

\h\hWHILE GUATEMALA
IS A STRATOVOLCANO.

THEIR DIFFERENT SHAPES

ARE THE CLUE TO THEIR
\hINNATE DIFFERENCES.

\h\h\hFUEGO LOOKS LIKE
YOUR TYPICAL VOLCANO--

IT’S TALL, CONICAL, STEEP,

\h\h\h\h\h\hAND TOWERS
OVER 3,600 METERS HIGH.

LIKE ALL STRATOVOLCANOES,
\hFUEGO’S CONE IS COMPOSED

\h\h\hOF LAYER UPON LAYER
OF HARDENED LAVA AND ASH,

\h\h\hBUILT UP FROM
PREVIOUS ERUPTIONS.

THIS BUILDUP ACTS LIKE A BUNG,

\h\hBLOCKING THE ERUPTION AND
BUILDING UP PRESSURE INSIDE,

UNTIL IT FINALLY GIVES WAY
\h\h\hAND ERUPTS VIOLENTLY,

OUT OF ONE MAIN VENT.

Pyle: ONE OF THE DEADLIEST WAYS
\h\h\hTHAT A VOLCANO CAN ERUPT

IS IN A HOT AVALANCHE OF ROCK,
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hASH AND PUMICE,

AND THESE ARE OFTEN CALLED
\h\h\h\hPYROCLASTIC FLOWS.

\h\h\hESSENTIALLY, IT’S A HOT
AVALANCHE OF BROKEN-UP MAGMA.

SO WHEN THE MAGMA HAS ERUPTED
\h\h\h\h\hOUT OF THE VOLCANO,

IT’LL FORM SOMETIMES
\h\h\h\hLARGE BLOCKS,

AND THEN THE WHOLE MASS
\h\h\h\hTHEN COLLAPSES

JUST LIKE A SNOW AVALANCHE,

\h\h\h\h\h\hEXCEPT IT’S AT
A MUCH HIGHER TEMPERATURE.

\hIT WILL THEN RACE DOWN
THE SIDE OF THE VOLCANO.

[RUMBLING]

Narrator: FUEGO HAS BEEN ACTIVE
\h\h\h\hFOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS--

WITH MINIMAL THREAT
\h\hTO HUMAN LIFE.

\hIN FACT, IT’S BEEN FREQUENTLY
ERUPTING FOR THE LAST 16 YEARS.

SCIENTISTS NOW REALIZE
\h\h\h\hIT WAS BUILDUP

FROM A CENTURY OF ERUPTIONS THAT
MADE THE LATEST ONE SO DEADLY.

THE VALLEYS BELOW FUEGO
WERE SIMPLY OVERFLOWING

WITH DEBRIS FROM PAST ERUPTIONS.

NORMALLY WHEN A PYROCLASTIC FLOW

HURTLED DOWN THE SLOPES
\h\h\h\hABOVE THE TOWN,

\h\h\hIT WOULD FLOW AROUND IT,
FOLLOWING A BEND IN THE VALLEY.

THIS TIME, SO MUCH DEBRIS
\hIS BLOCKING THE VALLEY

THAT THE PYROCLASTIC FLOW
\h\h\hHITS IT, JUMPS OVER

AND HEADS STRAIGHT INTO TOWN.

Mather: WHEN THE VOLCANO
\hWENT OFF IN GUATEMALA,

I THINK IT MUST HAVE BEEN
\hABSOLUTELY TERRIFYING.

AN EXPLOSION FROM THE VOLCANO
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hWASN’T UNUSUAL,

\h\hBUT THIS WOULD HAVE BEEN
A VERY MUCH LARGER EXPLOSION

THAN THEY WERE USED TO.

AND THEN THIS PYROCLASTIC FLOW

WOULD HAVE COME CHARGING
\h\h\h\hDOWN THE VALLEY,

AND THERE WAS VERY LITTLE CHANCE
FOR THEM AT THAT STAGE

TO ESCAPE.

[PEOPLE SHOUTING]

\hNarrator: FUEGO SITS
ON THE RING OF FIRE--

A LINE OF VOLCANOES THAT CIRCLES
THE EDGE OF THE PACIFIC OCEAN.

THE EARTH’S CRUST IS COMPOSED
\h\h\h\hOF TECTONIC PLATES--

MASSIVE SLABS OF ROCK.

VOLCANOES OCCUR WHERE
THESE PLATES COLLIDE.

\h75% OF THE EARTH’S VOLCANOES
ARE FOUND ON THE RING OF FIRE--

AROUND 450 IN TOTAL.

HAWAII IS DIFFERENT.

\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIT SITS ALONE
IN THE CENTER OF THE PACIFIC,

ABOVE WHAT’S KNOWN
\h\hAS A HOT SPOT,

\h\h\hWHERE A PLUME
OF SUPERHEATED ROCK

RISES FROM THE MANTLE
DEEP INSIDE THE EARTH.

THE RESULT IS A SHIELD VOLCANO.

KILAUEA IS FLATTER THAN FUEGO

AND ONLY AROUND 1,200 METERS
\h\h\h\h\h\hABOVE SEA LEVEL.

\h\hMather: SO A SHIELD VOLCANO
IS NAMED AFTER KIND OF THE IDEA

OF A SHIELD LYING
ON THE LANDSCAPE.

\hSO IT’S A VERY BROAD FEATURE
WITH A RELATIVELY LOW GRADIENT

\h\h\h\h\h\h\hCOMING UP
TO SOME SORT OF SUMMIT.

Narrator: WHILE A SHIELD VOLCANO
CAN ERUPT FROM THE SUMMIT,

IT’S NOT UNCOMMON FOR MAGMA
\hTO SEEK A DIFFERENT PATH,

ONE OF LEAST RESISTANCE.

BENEATH THE GROUND

IT CARVES OUT A LABYRINTH
\hOF UNDERGROUND TUNNELS.

INSULATED FROM THE AIR,
\h\hHOT MAGMA CAN POUR

\h\h\h\hALONG THIS NATURAL
PLUMBING SYSTEM FOR MILES,

\h\hBEFORE IT BURSTS
THROUGH THE SURFACE.

Johnson: THERE WERE POCKETS
\hOF MAGMA UNDER THE GROUND

DOWN IN THE LOWER EAST RIFT ZONE

\hTHAT WERE LEFT OVER FROM THE
ERUPTIONS IN THE ’50s AND ’60s,

\h\h\h\h\h\hAND SO WHEN
THIS NEW MAGMA ARRIVED,

IT KIND OF PUSHED OUT
\h\h\h\hTHE OLD STUFF

BEFORE IT COULD GET
\h\hTO THE SURFACE.

Narrator: THIS HALF-CENTURY-OLD
\h\h\hMAGMA IS RELATIVELY COOL

AND COMPARATIVELY THICK
\h\h\h\h\hAND VISCOUS.

YET ONCE FORCED OUT,

\h\h\h\h\hFRESHER, RUNNIER
AND MORE EXPLOSIVE MATERIAL

FROM DEEP WITHIN THE VOLCANO
\h\h\h\h\h\hTAKES ITS PLACE.

[RUMBLING]

BY DAY 9 IN HAWAII,

15 FISSURES ARE NOW THREATENING
\hHOMES TO THE EAST OF KILAUEA.

IT’S A TERRIFYING TIME
\h\h\h\h\h\hFOR LOCALS.

JACKLYNN RUGGIRELLO
\hEVACUATES THE AREA

WHEN GAS VENTS APPEAR
\h\h\h\hON HER LAND.

\h\hJacklynn Ruggirello:
WE HAD A 6.9 EARTHQUAKE.

\h\h\hWITHIN A FEW DAYS
OF THAT 6.9 EARTHQUAKE,

\hA VERY LARGE CRACK STARTED
DEVELOPING ON OUR PROPERTY,

AND THEN ALSO STEAM
STARTED PUMPING OUT

OF THE WHOLE LOWER PART
\h\h\hOF OUR PROPERTY.

\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNarrator:
LOCAL RESIDENT BRUCE OMORI

MAKES A LIVING PHOTOGRAPHING
\h\h\h\h\hHAWAII’S VOLCANOES.

YET EVEN HE WASN’T PREPARED FOR
THE GROWING ACTIVITY THIS TIME.

\hBruce Omori: EXPLOSIONS
GOING OFF AND LAVA BOMBS,

YOU KNOW, FLYING IN THE AIR.

I MEAN, CHUNKS AS...

BIGGER THAN THIS DESK,
\h\h\hYOU KNOW, FLYING,

AND FOR A WHILE WE COULD
SEE THEM APPROACHING US,

YOU KNOW, BOOM!

\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNarrator:
DESPITE THE DESTRUCTION

OF LAND AND PROPERTY,

\h\h\hTO DATE THERE’S BEEN
NO LOSS OF LIFE IN HAWAII.

THE EXTENSIVE MONITORING
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF KILAUEA

BY GEOLOGISTS OVER MANY YEARS

ENABLES AUTHORITIES TO WARN
\h\h\h\hAND EVACUATE LOCALS

IN PLENTY OF TIME.

\h\h\hA VOLCANO OBSERVATORY WAS
ESTABLISHED IN THE EARLY 1900s.

EVER SINCE, SCIENTISTS HAVE KEPT
A DETAILED RECORD OF EVENTS,

INCLUDING THE SERIOUS ERUPTION
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF 1924.

THIS DATA PLAYED A CRUCIAL ROLE
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIN SAVING LIVES.

\h\h\hVenzke: THE OBSERVATORY
DID ACTUALLY A VERY GOOD JOB

OF TELLING PEOPLE

\h\h\hWHERE THE ERUPTIONS
WERE GOING TO BREAK OUT.

\hTHEY WERE FOLLOWING
THE SMALL EARTHQUAKES

\h\h\hTHAT TRACKED WHERE
THE LAVA WAS UNDERGROUND.

IN A BROAD SENSE, THEY KNEW

WHERE THESE FISSURES
\hWERE GOING TO FORM

AND WERE ABLE TO ADVISE
\h\h\hLOCAL GOVERNMENT

AND EVACUATE THE PEOPLE.

\h\h\hMatthew Watson:
PREDICTING VOLCANOES

IS THE VOLCANOLOGIST’S
\h\h\h\h\h\hHOLY GRAIL.

CERTAINLY WHAT WE CAN DO
\h\h\hIS LOOK FOR SIGNALS

THAT SUGGEST THAT A VOLCANO
\hMIGHT BE ABOUT TO ERUPT,

AND WE REALLY DO THAT
\hIN THREE BROAD WAYS,

THE FIRST OF WHICH IS TO LOOK
\h\h\h\hAT LITTLE EARTHQUAKES

THAT OCCUR BENEATH THE VOLCANO,

\hAND WE ALSO LOOK
AT VOLCANIC GASES,

AND THEN THIRDLY WE LOOK
\h\h\h\hFOR DEFORMATION,

SO WHETHER OR NOT THE VOLCANO
\hIS EXPANDING OR CONTRACTING.

\h\hNarrator: BUT FOR AN EARLY
WARNING SYSTEM TO BE EFFECTIVE,

SCIENTISTS NEED AN ARRAY
\h\hOF MONITORING TOOLS.

\h\hAT FUEGO, ALL THEY HAVE
IS ONE SIMPLE SEISMOGRAPH.

THIS TOLD THEM THE ERUPTION
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hWAS LIKELY--

BUT NOT HOW SERIOUS IT WOULD BE.

\h\h\h\h\h\hAS A RESULT,
WHEN THE PYROCLASTIC FLOW

\h\h\hHEADED FOR THE TOWN
OF SAN MIGUEL LOS LOTES,

RESIDENTS HAD JUST MINUTES
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTO EVACUATE.

\h\h\hAND NOW, JUST AS
SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAMS

ARE GETTING A GRIP
ON THE SITUATION,

THE RAINY SEASON BRINGS
\h\h\h\hA NEW THREAT--

DEADLY MUDSLIDES CALLED LAHARS.

IN GUATEMALA, IT’S NINE DAYS
\h\h\h\h\hSINCE THE ERUPTION.

TORRENTIAL RAIN IS FALLING
\h\h\hON TONS OF LOOSE ASH.

RIVERS OF MUD ARE UNLEASHED.

RESCUE WORKERS EVACUATE
IN FEAR OF THEIR LIVES.

Watson: IT RAINS A LOT
\h\h\h\hIN THE TROPICS,

PARTICULARLY ON THE FLANKS
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF FUEGO.

THE METEOROLOGY THERE

\h\h\h\hJUST BASICALLY MEANS
IT’S A RAIN-MAKING MACHINE--

AND THE MATERIAL IS VERY LOOSE,
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIT’S VERY MOBILE,

\h\hSO EVERY TIME IT RAINS, WE
GENERATE THESE HUGE MUDSLIDES.

\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNarrator:
INFRASTRUCTURE IS DESTROYED;

BRIDGES SWEPT AWAY;
VILLAGES FLATTENED.

\h\h\hIT’S AN UNFOLDING
HUMANITARIAN DISASTER--

ONE THAT LOCAL JOURNALIST
\h\h\h\h\h\hDAVID MERCER

\hHAS BEEN DOCUMENTING
SINCE ERUPTIONS BEGAN.

Mercer: WELL, AFTER
THIS FIRST ERUPTION

THERE WERE MORE ERUPTIONS
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hAS WELL.

NOW THIS HAD A BIG EFFECT
ON THE RESCUE OPERATIONS.

THERE WAS A LOT RAIN THAT WAS--
\h\hTHAT WAS COMING IN AS WELL,

THAT WAS BRINGING DOWN,
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hYOU KNOW,

\h\h\hHAD THE POTENTIAL
TO BRING MUDSLIDES DOWN

\h\h\h\h\h\hON TOP OF SOME OF THE
SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES AS WELL.

\h\h\h\hTHE AFTERNOONS
WERE BASICALLY NO-NOs.

THE RAIN USUALLY COMES
\h\h\hIN THE AFTERNOON,

\h\h\h\h\h\hSO AT AROUND MIDDAY,
EVERYBODY HAD TO LEAVE THE SITE.

\h\h\hTHAT WAS WHETHER, YOU KNOW,
WHETHER YOU WERE A FAMILY MEMBER

LOOKING FOR MISSING FAMILY,

WHETHER YOU WERE A REPORTER,

WHETHER YOU WERE
A RESCUE WORKER.

EVERYBODY HAD TO LEAVE
\h\h\h\h\hAROUND NOON.

SO THAT REALLY SLOWED DOWN
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOPERATIONS.

[SIREN]

Narrator: IN THE LAST CENTURY,

PYROCLASTIC FLOWS HAVE KILLED
\h\h\h\h\hTENS OF THOUSANDS.

SO HAVE LAHARS--AND THESE
\h\hRIVERS OF DESTRUCTION

CAN STRIKE MANY YEARS
\hAFTER AN ERUPTION.

Mercer: THERE WAS ALSO
\h\h\hMORE EVACUATIONS

\h\h\h\h\h\hAS, YOU KNOW,
THE ERUPTIONS CONTINUED,

AND AS MORE RAIN FELL DOWN,

MORE COMMUNITIES WERE,
\h\h\h\hWERE EVACUATED,

AND AS THE SCALE OF THE DISASTER
STARTED TO BECOME CLEAR,

\h\h\h\h\hAS THE NUMBER OF DEAD
AND MISSING CONTINUED TO GROW,

\hTHEY WERE TAKING
MORE PRECAUTIONS.

THE TEMPORARY SHELTERS

BECAME MORE AND MORE PACKED
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hWITH PEOPLE.

\h\h\hNarrator: AS CONDITIONS
ON THE MOUNTAIN DETERIORATE,

THE AUTHORITIES ARE LEFT
\h\h\h\h\hWITH NO OPTION

\h\h\h\h\hBUT TO SUSPEND ALL
SEARCH AND RESCUE OPERATIONS.

[HELICOPTER]

WHILE THE RESCUE
OPERATION STOPS,

\hFAR ABOVE IN SPACE, NASA KEEPS
A WATCHFUL EYE ON THE SITUATION.

SINCE FUEGO FIRST ERUPTED,

SATELLITES HAVE BEEN TAKING 400
IMAGES OF THE VOLCANO EVERY DAY.

\h\hTHERMAL CAMERAS REVEAL THAT
TEMPERATURES IN THE ASH-FIELDS

ARE STILL AROUND 6 DEGREES
\h\h\h\h\h\hCELSIUS HIGHER

THAN THE SURROUNDING COUNTRY.

♪

\h\h\h\h\hTHE SUBSURFACE
REMAINS DANGEROUSLY HOT.

\h\hTHIS LINGERING HEAT
CAN GIVE VOLCANOLOGISTS

\h\h\h\h\h\hIMPORTANT INFORMATION
ABOUT THE MAKEUP OF THE VOLCANO.

DISASTER RESPONSE
\hMAY EVEN BE ABLE

TO USE THERMAL DATA LIKE THIS

\h\h\h\h\hTO AID IN FUTURE
SEARCH AND RESCUE EFFORTS,

SHOWING WHERE THE PYROCLASTIC
\h\h\hFLOWS WERE CONCENTRATED

AND THEREFORE WHERE TO SEARCH
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hFOR SURVIVORS.

\h\hMather: WITH THINGS LIKE
MORE AND MORE SATELLITE DATA,

WE’RE MOVING INTO AN ERA
\h\h\h\hOF MORE GLOBAL...

\h\h\hGLOBAL DATABASES
AND GLOBAL REPOSITORY,

\h\hAND I THINK THAT COULD BE
VERY POWERFUL IN THE FUTURE.

[RUMBLING]

\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNarrator:
7,000 KILOMETERS TO THE WEST,

\h\h\hA NEW ERUPTION
SENDS A PLUME OF ASH

\hOVER 3 KILOMETERS HIGH
ABOVE HAWAII’S KILAUEA.

♪

FORTUNATELY, TRADE WINDS
\h\hCARRY MOST OF THE ASH

HARMLESSLY OUT TO SEA.

YET THE SCALE OF THE PLUME
\h\h\h\h\hIS A BIG CONCERN.

HAWAIIANS ARE USED TO SEEING
\h\hTHIS VOLCANO ON SIMMER--

IT HASN’T BEHAVED THIS VIOLENTLY

SINCE THE CATACLYSMIC ERUPTIONS
\h\h\h\h\h\hOF 1924 AND 1790--

\h\h\h\hAN INDICATION
THAT THINGS COULD BE

\h\h\h\hABOUT TO TAKE
A TURN FOR THE WORSE.

\h\h\hAND JUST ONE DAY LATER,
EARTHQUAKES SHAKE THE REGION.

[RUMBLING]

\h\hJoe Laceby: YOU CAN REALLY
FEEL THEM, EVEN THE SMALL ONES,

\h\h\h\h\h\h\hYOU CAN--
IF YOU DON’T FEEL THEM,

YOU’LL SEE SOMETHING
IN THE HOUSE SHAKE,

JUST WIGGLE A LITTLE BIT,

\h\h\hBUT SOME OF THE LARGER ONES
WILL ALMOST VIBRATE THE WINDOWS,

\h\h\h\h\h\hAND YOU CAN SEE
THE TELEPHONE POLES OUTSIDE

AND THE TREES ALL SHAKING.

\h\hNarrator: WHILE ON HAWAII
SMALL EARTHQUAKES ARE COMMON,

THIS TIME THEY HOLD
\hA WORRYING SECRET,

ONE THAT SCIENTISTS CAN USE

TO PREDICT WHERE THE VOLCANO
\h\h\h\h\h\hWILL ERUPT NEXT.

\h\h\h\h\h\hMatt Patrick:
THERE’S A VERY CLEAR LINK

BETWEEN EARTHQUAKES
\h\hAND VOLCANOES.

\h\hTHE EARTHQUAKES
BASICALLY REPRESENT

\h\h\h\hWHERE MAGMA IS INTRUDING
THROUGH THE SIDE OF THE VOLCANO.

\hSO IF YOU HAVE MAGMA, LIKE
A BLADE OF MAGMA UNDERGROUND

THAT’S KIND OF FORCING ITS WAY
\h\h\h\h\h\hTHROUGH THE GROUND.

Johnson: THE MAGMA IS PUSHING
\h\hITS WAY THROUGH THE ROCK

AND BREAKING IT TO MAKE A PATH.

\h\hAND WE CAN RECORD
ALL OF THOSE LITTLE--

\hLITTLE EARTHQUAKES TO TRY AND
TRACK WHERE THE MAGMA IS GOING.

\h\hON TOP OF THE EARTHQUAKES,
WE ALSO SAW THE GROUND CRACKS.

\hTHE CRACKS STARTED FUMING,
HAD GAS COMING OUT OF THEM,

SO THAT WAS--THAT WAS CLUES

\h\h\h\h\hTHAT THE MAGMA WAS
REALLY CLOSE TO THE SURFACE.

SO IT WAS--IT WAS A FORECAST

THAT THERE WAS GOING TO BE
\h\h\h\hAN ERUPTION THERE.

Narrator: MOST IN DANGER NOW
\h\h\h\h\hIS LEILANI ESTATES,

HOME TO 1,500 PEOPLE.

21 FISSURES HAVE OPENED UP,

\hAND LARGE LAVA FLOWS
ARE BEGINNING TO FORM.

[HISSING]

IN RESPONSE TO A RAISED THREAT
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTO HUMAN LIFE,

THE AUTHORITIES ORDER
A MANDATORY EVACUATION

OF ALL HOUSES IN THE AREA.

MOST RESIDENTS LEAVE,

\h\h\hBUT UNCERTAINTY
KEEPS SOME HANGING ON

\h\h\h\h\h\hIN THE HOPE
OF SAVING THEIR HOMES.

Mike Arends: I LOOKED AROUND,

AND I SAID, "I’M NOT GOING
\h\h\h\h\hTO EVACUATE YET--

I’M GOING, YOU KNOW, STICK IT
OUT AND SEE WHAT’S HAPPENING."

WE’RE ROLLING WITH THE PUNCHES,
\h\h\h\h\h\hBUT YOU NEVER KNOW,

TOMORROW WE COULD BE
\h\h\hTHE HOUSE GONE.

IT’S THAT KIND OF STRESS.

\h\h\h\hDon Waguespack:
YOU SUCCUMB TO THE FACT

\hTHAT YOU’RE PROBABLY GOING
TO LOSE EVERYTHING YOU OWN,

AND THAT IN ITSELF IS TOUGH.

\h\hWE EVACUATED TWICE
IN THE LAST TWO WEEKS.

KIND OF SCARY TIMES, YOU KNOW,
\h\h\h\h\h\hTO BE QUITE HONEST.

THIS IS IT FOR US.

Narrator: BUT THERE ARE NO SIGNS

KILAUEA IS CALMING DOWN
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hJUST YET.

IF ANYTHING, IT’S GETTING
\h\hMORE AND MORE ACTIVE.

\h\h\h\hOVER THE NEXT 24 HOURS,
A ROW OF 23 FISSURES OPENS UP.

Barrios: WE’D HEAR A RUMBLE,

AND THEN YOU COULD HEAR
\h\hLIKE AN EXPLOSION,

\h\h\h\h\hAND WE’D LOOK UP,
AND IT WOULD BE LIKE, "HUH,

THERE IT IS," RIGHT, AND YOU’D
SEE THIS NEW PLUME COMING OUT.

Narrator: DESPITE THE RISK
\h\h\h\h\h\hOF LAVA BOMBS,

DEMIAN BARRIOS IS STILL FILMING.

Barrios: THERE WAS ONE TIME
\hWHERE MY INTUITION TOLD ME

THAT I SHOULD LEAVE.

THERE WAS THIS HUGE EXPLOSION,

AND I KNEW IT WAS GOING
TO RAIN DOWN LAVA BOMBS.

AND SURE ENOUGH I LOOKED UP,

\h\h\hTHERE WAS A COUPLE
OF LARGE-SIZED LAVA BOMBS

THAT WERE COMING TOWARDS ME.

\h\hYOU KNOW, BIG ENOUGH TO
DEFINITELY HAVE KILLED ME.

\h\h\h\h\h\hAND THAT WAS A MOMENT
WHERE I REALIZED THAT, YOU KNOW,

I NEEDED TO TREAD LIGHTLY.

\h\hNarrator: THE ERUPTION
OF KILAUEA IS NOW ON TRACK

TO BE THE WORST ERUPTION
\h\h\h\h\h\hIN A CENTURY.

17 DAYS SINCE FUEGO ERUPTED.

\h\h\h\hHUNDREDS OF HOUSES WERE
DESTROYED IN THE INITIAL BLAST,

AND MANY MORE ARE CURRENTLY
\h\hTHREATENED BY MUDSLIDES

FOLLOWING THE HEAVY RAINS.

YET IT’S NOT JUST HOMES.

17,000 SMALL-SCALE FARMERS

HAVE HAD THEIR CROPS RUINED
\h\h\h\h\h\hBY THE VOLCANO

AND STRUGGLE TO SAVE
\h\h\h\hWHAT’S LEFT.

[SPEAKING SPANISH]

Rolando Zuleta, translated:
\hTHE CORN SHOULD BE GREEN,

IT SHOULD BE REALLY GREEN,

AND BY NOW IT SHOULD BE
\h\h\h\h\hREADY TO EAT!

\h\h\hBUT NOW, BECAUSE OF THE
ERUPTION, THERE’S HARDLY ANY.

IT’S PRETTY HOPELESS.

IT’S POSSIBLE THAT WE WON’T BE
\h\h\hABLE TO HARVEST ANYTHING.

Narrator: 140 SQUARE KILOMETERS
\h\hOF FARMLAND LIES IN RUINS.

LIVESTOCK LIE DEAD, CHOKED AND
ROASTED BY THE SCORCHING ASH.

DESPITE GOVERNMENT AID,

\h\hGUATEMALA MUST NOW ADD HUNGER
TO ITS GROWING LIST OF TROUBLES.

BACK IN HAWAII,

THE VOLCANIC FISSURES
HAVE BECOME SO ACTIVE

THEY’VE CREATED MASSIVE RIVERS
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF MOLTEN ROCK.

Venzke: SO IF YOU THINK
\hABOUT A RIVER, RIGHT,

WATER ALWAYS GOES DOWN
\hTHROUGH THE VALLEYS,

IT SEEKS TO ALWAYS GO DOWNHILL.

AND THAT’S THE SAME CASE
\h\h\h\h\hFOR LAVA FLOWS.

Narrator: YET, UNLIKE WATER,
THESE RIVERS OF DESTRUCTION

CAN BUST AND BURN THEIR WAY
\h\h\hTHROUGH ANY OBSTACLE.

17 DAYS AFTER KILAUEA
\h\h\hFIRST ERUPTED,

LAVA FINALLY ENCOUNTERS
\h\h\h\h\hTHE PACIFIC.

THE ERUPTION IS ABOUT
TO RESHAPE THE ISLAND.

19 DAYS AFTER THE ERUPTION
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hOF KILAUEA,

\h\h\h\h\hLAVA IS POURING
INTO THE PACIFIC OCEAN--

WITH EXPLOSIVE RESULTS.

\hMather: YOU’VE GOT
VERY, VERY HOT LAVA

COMING INTO CONTACT
\hWITH THE SEAWATER,

SO YOU GET FLASH BOILING
\h\h\h\hOF THE SEAWATER.

\h\h\h\h\h\hYOU GET SOME,
SOME CHEMISTRY GOING ON,

\h\h\hSO YOU GET THINGS
LIKE HYDROCHLORIC ACID

BEING PRODUCED, WHICH IS PARTLY
FROM THE CHEMICALS IN THE LAVA,

BUT ALSO FROM THE CHEMICALS
\hTHAT YOU HAVE IN SEAWATER.

Pyle: YOU GET A FOG OR A HAZE,

WHICH INCLUDE BOTH TINY, TINY
\hPARTICLES OF VOLCANIC GLASS

\h\hAND ALSO DROPLETS OF ACID
MATERIALS FROM THE SEAWATER.

Narrator: THIS TOXIC FOG,
\h\h\h\h\hKNOWN AS LAZE,

FORCES THE COAST GUARD

TO DECLARE A SAFETY ZONE
\h\h\h\h\h300 METERS OUT.

BUT TOURIST BOATS
DRAW EVER CLOSER,

\hOBLIVIOUS TO THE DANGER THAT
THE WIND COULD CHANGE DIRECTION

AND SEND THE DEADLY FOG
\h\h\h\h\h\hTHEIR WAY.

AND THAT’S NOT THE ONLY PERIL.

\h\hWHEN LAVA HITS COLD WATER
IT CAN EXPLODE INTO THE AIR,

SCATTERING CHUNKS OF SEARING
\h\hROCK CALLED "LAVA BOMBS."

\hMather: A LAVA BOMB IS A CHUNK
OF LAVA ABOUT THIS SORT OF SIZE,

AND IT’S OFTEN SORT OF DESCRIBED
AS THE BOMB

WHEN IT’S BEEN THROWN OUT
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIN SOME WAY

FROM THE VOLCANIC ACTIVITY.

♪

♪

Narrator: INCREASING LAVA FLOWS
\h\h\h\h\h\hARE NOW THREATENING

\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hEVACUATED HOMES
IN THE NEARBY LEILANI ESTATES.

♪

LOCAL CAMERAMAN DEMIAN BARRIOS

\h\hIS ON HAND TO CAPTURE
THE ACTION AS IT UNFOLDS.

Barrios: WE WERE STANDING THERE,
STANDING ON THE ROAD

\hWATCHING THESE LOBES OF LAVA
SLOWLY START TO COVER THE ROAD

MAYBE 5 FEET THICK,
\h\h10 FEET THICK,

AND THEN YOU’D LOOK BEHIND

AND YOU WOULD JUST SEE
\h\h\h\hTHIS HUGE WALL,

ALMOST LIKE A BULLDOZER
JUST COMING DOWN, SMACK,

LITERALLY SMASHING THE FOREST,

FLOPPING TREES DOWN
\h\h\hON THEIR SIDE

BEFORE IT ACTUALLY
\h\hCONSUMED THEM.

\h\hNarrator: ALL RESIDENTS
HAVE BEEN ORDERED TO LEAVE.

\h\hONE BY ONE, PEOPLE’S DREAMS
ARE DEVOURED BY RIVERS OF FIRE.

RESCUE TEAMS SCOUR THE AREA
\h\h\h\hWITH FLASHLIGHTS--

\h\h\h\hCHECKING FOR ANYONE
STILL LEFT IN THEIR HOME...

\h\hGUIDED BY THE EYE IN THE SKY
OF AERIAL RECONNAISSANCE DRONES.

DEMIAN IS THERE, TOO,
DETERMINED TO DOCUMENT

\hTHE LAST MOMENTS
OF LEILANI ESTATES.

Barrios: SITTING THERE WATCHING

\h\h\h\h\hTHIS THRIVING
NEIGHBORHOOD COMMUNITY

SLOWLY TURNING INTO
\hA DISASTER ZONE,

I FELT VERY, VERY HELPLESS.

\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNarrator:
LOCAL RESIDENT TRAVIS SANDERS

CAN’T TEAR HIMSELF AWAY.

\h\h\hHE WAITS UNTIL
THE VERY LAST MINUTE

TO SAY FAREWELL TO HIS HOME.

\hTravis Sanders: SO RIGHT THERE
IS THE HOUSE, THAT TINY HOUSE--

AND THAT’S THE LAVA
\hRIGHT IN THE BUSH.

I LIVED--I LIVED IN THIS HOUSE
\hFOR ABOUT A COUPLE OF YEARS.

\h\h\h\hAND OH, YEAH,
AND THERE’S A FISSURE

THAT POPPED UP THERE, GUYS--
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIT’S RAGING.

WHEN THAT LAVA WRAPPED AROUND
\h\hTHE PROPERTY, IT WAS HOT.

WE KNEW IT WAS OVER FOR US.

[EXPLOSION]

THAT’S A CAR.

\hIF WE DIDN’T LEAVE
AT THE TIME WE DID,

WE WOULDN’T EVEN BE HERE.

\hIT’S GOING TO BE
ABOUT TIME TO GO.

ANYTIME HERE, I’M GOING TO
\hHAVE TO GET OUT OF HERE.

[FROGS CHIRPING]

\h\hNarrator: THE NUMBER OF
BUILDINGS DESTROYED BY LAVA

\h\h\hAROUND LEILANI
LEAPS FROM 50 TO 82.

[FLAMES CRACKLING]

HOMES MAY HAVE BEEN DESTROYED,

BUT TO DATE NO LIVES
\h\h\hHAVE BEEN LOST

FROM THE CURRENT ERUPTIONS
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hAT KILAUEA...

\h\h\h\h\hTHANKS PARTLY
TO EXTENSIVE MONITORING

OF HAWAII’S VOLCANOES
\hFOR OVER A CENTURY

AND ALSO TO EFFECTIVE
\h\h\hCOMMUNICATION.

\h\h\h\hJohnson: THE BEST MODEL
FOR THAT SORT OF COMMUNICATION

IS CONTINUOUS COMMUNICATION.

IT’S NOT UP TO THE GEOLOGISTS
\hAND THE VOLCANO OBSERVATORY

\h\h\hTO MAKE THE CALL
AS TO WHEN TO EVACUATE.

IT’S UP TO THOSE DECISION MAKERS
TO MAKE THAT CALL.

\h\hALL WE AS SCIENTISTS CAN DO
IS UPDATE THEM ON THE ACTIVITY,

\h\h\h\h\h\hTELL THEM ABOUT
OUR UNCERTAINTIES AS WELL.

Narrator: DAY 33.

\h\h\h\h\h\hNO ONE REMAINS
IN THE WRECKAGE OF LEILANI.

THERE ARE NOW 24 FISSURES.

\h\h\h\h\h\h\hFISSURE 8
IS THE MOST ACTIVE VENT

\h\h\h\h\h\hAND HAS GROWN
TO ENORMOUS PROPORTIONS.

FAST-FLOWING TORRENTS
\h\h\hOF MOLTEN ROCK

LIKE A RIVER DELTA.

\h\hIT SPLITS INTO A NUMBER
OF TONGUES BEFORE REJOINING

TO LEAVE ISLANDS OF LAND
MAROONED BY MOLTEN ROCK.

NOW THE SCORCHING RIVER
CLAIMS ITS NEXT VICTIM.

TURNING SOUTH, IT BURNS
\h\hTHROUGH THE FOREST

\h\h\h\h\hAND HEADS FOR A LOCAL
BEAUTY SPOT CALLED GREEN LAKE--

THE LARGEST LAKE ON THE ISLAND
\hAND A POPULAR SWIMMING HOLE.

Barrios: FISSURE 8 WITH THIS...
\h\h\h\h\hYOU KNOW, WHAT IS IT?

\hAN EIGHT-MILE-LONG
HUGE RIVER OF LAVA--

CAME AROUND THE NORTHWEST SIDE
\h\h\h\h\h\hOF GREEN MOUNTAIN.

\hAND IT EVAPORATED THE LAKE
IN GREEN MOUNTAIN COMPLETELY.

\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNarrator:
IT TAKES JUST SIX HOURS

\h\h\h\hFOR THE LAVA
TO BOIL THE LAKE DRY.

\hTHE LAVA RIVER REACHES THE
PACIFIC AND FILLS KAPAHO BAY.

JUST 14 HOURS LATER,

THE NEW LAVA DELTA STRETCHES OUT
FOR OVER A KILOMETER.

SINCE ERUPTIONS BEGAN ON MAY 3,
\h\h\h\hKILAUEA HAS SPEWED OUT

\h\hAROUND 115 MILLION
CUBIC METERS OF LAVA...

\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hENOUGH TO FILL
46,000 OLYMPIC SWIMMING POOLS.

THE SHAPE OF HAWAII’S BIG ISLAND
IS BEING TRANSFORMED.

[HELICOPTER]

\h\h\h\hIT’S A MONTH SINCE
THE ERUPTION IN GUATEMALA.

MISSING PRESUMED DEAD
\hNOW STANDS AT 332.

IT’S SPECULATION; NO ONE KNOWS

HOW MANY PEOPLE WERE LIVING HERE
BEFORE THE ERUPTION.

THE NUMBER OF DEAD

MAY EVENTUALLY REACH
INTO THE THOUSANDS.

\h\hFUNERAL PROCESSIONS ARE NOW
A COMMON SIGHT IN THE VALLEYS.

FOR SOME, THERE’S SOLACE

IN KNOWING WHAT HAPPENED
\h\hTO THEIR LOVED ONES.

YET FOR SO MANY MORE, ANGUISH
\hFOR THOSE MISSING GOES ON.

[PEOPLE CRYING]

THE VOLCANO IS QUIETER NOW,

BUT THERE’S STILL GREAT DANGER
IN THE WEEKS AND MONTHS AHEAD

FOR THOSE LIVING IN ITS SHADOW.

Watson: LAHARS ARE DEFINITELY
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHE HAZARD

THAT WE NEED TO NOW
\hBE FOCUSED UPON.

IT IS POSSIBLE THAT THERE WOULD
\h\h\hBE ANOTHER LARGE ERUPTION

\h\hTHAT GENERATED
PYROCLASTIC FLOWS.

\h\hTHAT CERTAINLY
CAN’T BE RULED OUT,

\h\hAND WE HAVE TO BE
VERY MINDFUL OF THAT.

BUT LARGE LAHARS AND MUDSLIDES
\h\hARE ABSOLUTELY INEVITABLE.

Narrator: BUT CAN A DISASTER
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hON THIS SCALE

BE AVERTED IN THE FUTURE?

BETTER SEISMIC MONITORING
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hCAN PREDICT

\h\h\hWHEN ACTIVITY
DEEP IN THE VOLCANO

IS REACHING CRITICAL LEVELS--

SO PEOPLE ARE EVACUATED
\h\hRAPIDLY TO SAFETY.

[BOOM]

\h\h\h\h\h\hVenzke: THE IMPACT
OF THE FUEGO ERUPTION, I THINK,

\h\hWILL BE FOR FORECASTERS
AND OBSERVATORIES TO FOCUS

\h\h\hON SMALL SIGNS
THAT MIGHT BE PRESENT

THAT WOULD INDICATE SOMETHING
UNUSUAL IS HAPPENING QUICKLY.

\h\h\hIT’S A VERY DIFFICULT TASK
FOR THE SCIENTISTS TO UNDERSTAND

\h\hWHAT THOSE SMALL CHANGES
MIGHT IMPLY FOR THE ACTIVITY.

\h\hBUT THE FUEGO ERUPTION
REALLY POINTS OUT THE NEED

\hFOR JUST ONGOING RESEARCH,
DEPLOYING NEW TECHNOLOGIES,

\h\h\h\hFASTER, BETTER
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS.

\h\h\hMercer: YOU KNOW,
GUATEMALA’S NO STRANGER

TO NATURAL DISASTERS.

THIS COUNTRY IS ONE
\hOF THE MOST PRONE

TO NATURAL DISASTERS
\h\h\h\hIN THE WORLD.

I MEAN, EARTHQUAKES
HAPPEN ALL THE TIME.

\h\h\h\hTHERE’S THREE
VERY ACTIVE VOLCANOES

WITH POPULATIONS OF PEOPLE
\h\h\h\hLIVING AROUND THEM.

\h\h\hMUDSLIDES DURING THE RAINY
SEASON ARE A REGULAR OCCURRENCE.

THIS VOLCANIC ERUPTION
\h\h\h\h\hIS SOMETHING

THAT PEOPLE HERE IN GUATEMALA
\h\h\h\hHAVEN’T SEEN BEFORE,

AN ERUPTION OF THIS MAGNITUDE,

AN ERUPTION THAT LEFT
THIS MANY PEOPLE DEAD,

THIS MANY PEOPLE MISSING.

IT’S JUST SOMETHING HORRIFIC

THAT WE NEVER WANT TO SEE AGAIN
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIN GUATEMALA.

[BABY CRYING]

\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNarrator:
IN HAWAII, LEILANI ESTATES

HAS BEEN RAZED TO THE GROUND.

ROADS ARE IMPASSABLE,
\hAND THE LANDSCAPE...

CHANGED FOREVER.

[HELICOPTER]

[RUMBLING]

YET THE DRAMATIC SPECTACLE
\h\h\h\h\h\hOF THE VOLCANO

CONTINUES TO DRAW TOURISTS.

JULY 16, PEOPLE BOARD
\h\h\h\h\hA TRIP BOAT

TO SEE WHERE THE LAVA
\h\hMEETS THE OCEAN--

OBLIVIOUS TO THE DANGER.

BUT THE POWER OF THE VOLCANO IS
\hBROUGHT HOME IN DEADLY FASHION

WHEN THE BOAT GETS TOO CLOSE.

[SPLASH]

[PEOPLE SCREAMING]

News anchor: IN HAWAII,

A FRIGHTENING SCENE
\h\hCAUGHT ON VIDEO

SHOWS THE MOMENT A LAVA BOMB
\h\h\h\h\h\hHITS A BOAT TOUR.

\h\h\h\h\hAIRBORNE HOT LAVA
PUNCTURED THE BOAT’S ROOF.

AUTHORITIES SAY 23 PEOPLE
\h\h\h\h\h\hWERE INJURED,

13 OF THE VICTIMS TREATED
\h\h\h\hAT THE HOSPITAL.

\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNarrator:
1,247 METERS ABOVE SEA LEVEL,

THE VOLCANO’S CRATER LAKE
\h\h\hIS STILL DRAINING,

\h\h\hAND THERE’S NO SIGN
OF THE LAVA FLOW SLOWING.

Pyle: ONE OF THE THINGS
\h\h\h\h\hTHAT WE KNOW

FROM PREVIOUS ERUPTIONS
\h\h\h\h\h\hOF KILAUEA

\h\hIS THAT THESE ERUPTIONS
CAN BE QUITE LONG LASTING.

SO THE 1955 ERUPTION,

WHICH HAS MANY SIMILARITIES
\hTO THE CURRENT ERUPTION,

THAT PARTICULAR ERUPTION LASTED
\h\h\h\hFOR ABOUT THREE MONTHS.

BUT AGAIN, ONE OF THE BIG
CHALLENGES OF VOLCANOLOGY

\hIS THAT VOLCANOLOGISTS
ARE VERY ABLE TO TELL YOU

WHAT’S HAPPENING RIGHT NOW,
\hBECAUSE WE CAN OBSERVE IT.

\hAND WE’RE ABLE TO TELL YOU
WHAT’S LIKELY TO HAPPEN NEXT,

\h\hBECAUSE WE HAVE EXPERIENCE
OF WHAT’S HAPPENED IN THE PAST.

BUT IT’S ACTUALLY VERY DIFFICULT
TO BE ABLE TO FORECAST

\h\h\h\h\h\hWHEN AN ERUPTION
IS GOING TO DECLINE OR STOP.

\h\h\h\h\hAND IT’S VERY HARD
TO MAKE LONG-TERM PROJECTIONS

OF WHAT MAY OR MAY NOT HAPPEN.

\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNarrator:
ENORMOUS LAVA FOUNTAINS

RELENTLESSLY FEED RIVERS
OF SEARING MOLTEN ROCK.

Barrios: I HAD TO TAKE A MOMENT
\h\h\h\hAND PUT MY CAMERA DOWN

AND KIND OF SOAK IT IN
\h\h\h\h\hWITH MY EYES,

\hBECAUSE I REALIZED THAT WHAT I
WAS WATCHING WAS HISTORY UNFOLD.

YOU KNOW, THE VOLCANO
\hIS VERY DESTRUCTIVE,

\hBUT IT IS ALSO THE SAME FORCE
THAT HAS CREATED THESE ISLANDS.

\h\h\hNarrator: VOLCANOES
ARE CONSTANTLY CHANGING--

SO WHAT DOES THE FUTURE HOLD
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hFOR KILAUEA?

\h\h\hWORK HAS REVEALED
THAT KILAUEA ALTERNATES

OVER HUNDREDS OF YEARS

BETWEEN EXPELLING LAVA,
\hAS IT’S DOING TODAY,

AND VIOLENT ERUPTIONS
\h\hFROM THE CRATER.

IF THE FLOOR OF THE SUMMIT
\h\h\h\h\hCRATER COLLAPSES,

MAGMA COULD STRIKE
UNDERGROUND WATER,

PRODUCING A VIOLENT ERUPTION
\hLIKE THE ONE IN GUATEMALA.

[EXPLOSION]

Patrick: IN THE PAST, KILAUEA
\h\h\h\hHAS HAD THIS HISTORY

OF EXPLOSIVE BEHAVIOR,

MORE EXPLOSIVE THAN I THINK
\h\hMOST PEOPLE RECOGNIZE.

Narrator: THE LAST TIME KILAUEA
\h\h\hWAS IN AN EXPLOSIVE PHASE

WAS AROUND 1800--

\h\hBUT AT SOME POINT
IT WILL HAPPEN AGAIN

WITH POTENTIALLY DEADLY RESULTS.

♪

KILAUEA AND FUEGO--

TWO MAJOR ERUPTIONS
\h\hCLOSE TOGETHER.

SO ARE THEY LINKED IN SOME WAY?

Venzke: SO THE ERUPTION AT FUEGO
HAS BEEN GOING ON

\h\h\hALMOST CONSTANTLY
FOR THE PAST 16 YEARS.

\h\h\h\hTHE KILAUEA ERUPTION
HAS BEEN ONGOING SINCE 1983.

\h\hIT REALLY IS COINCIDENCE THAT
THERE WERE THESE TWO ERUPTIONS--

ONE THAT CAUSED DAMAGE

\hAND ONE THAT, UNFORTUNATELY,
CAUSED GREAT DAMAGE AND DEATH.

THERE’S NO DIRECT CONNECTION
BETWEEN THESE TWO ERUPTIONS.

Narrator: ALTHOUGH THE ERUPTIONS
AREN’T CONNECTED,

\hBOTH OFFER OPPORTUNITIES
TO GATHER VALUABLE DATA--

DATA THAT COULD HELP PREDICT
\h\h\h\h\h\hFUTURE ERUPTIONS

AND SAVE LIVES.

Venzke: THERE ARE ERUPTIONS
\h\hHAPPENING ALL THE TIME.

\h\h\hTHERE ARE SCIENTISTS ON THE
GROUND STUDYING THESE EVERY DAY.

THE DATA THAT’S BEING COLLECTED
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hFOR SCIENCE

IS REALLY A TREASURE TROVE
\h\h\h\hFOR VOLCANOLOGISTS.

\h\hI THINK WHEN YOU LOOK
AT THESE TWO ERUPTIONS--

\h\hSO CLOSE TOGETHER IN TIME,
BUT SO DRAMATICALLY DIFFERENT--

IT’S IMPORTANT FOR PEOPLE
\h\h\h\h\h\hTO UNDERSTAND

\h\h\h\h\h\h\hWE DO LIVE
ON A VERY DYNAMIC PLANET.

[EXPLOSION]

Narrator: AS LONG AS WE LIVE
IN THE SHADOW OF VOLCANOES,

THE MORE WE LEARN,

THE BETTER OUR CHANCES
IN THE NEXT ERUPTION.

♪

[EXPLOSION]