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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,785 --> 00:00:04,265 A housewife who convinced millions 2 00:00:04,308 --> 00:00:05,831 to share their sightings. 3 00:00:05,875 --> 00:00:07,703 Coral Lorenzen 4 00:00:07,746 --> 00:00:09,313 is one of the earliest people who said 5 00:00:09,357 --> 00:00:11,359 there is something serious 6 00:00:11,402 --> 00:00:13,535 about these objects in the sky. 7 00:00:13,578 --> 00:00:17,060 A scientist who uncovered shocking new evidence 8 00:00:17,104 --> 00:00:19,323 about a crashed UFO. 9 00:00:19,367 --> 00:00:21,717 Stanton Friedman, more than any one other person, 10 00:00:21,760 --> 00:00:24,067 opened up Roswell for the rest of the world. 11 00:00:24,111 --> 00:00:27,679 An astronomer who documented close encounters 12 00:00:27,723 --> 00:00:29,507 for the U.S. military. 13 00:00:29,551 --> 00:00:31,553 My father really was convinced 14 00:00:31,596 --> 00:00:34,730 that there was just something that was too legitimate 15 00:00:34,773 --> 00:00:36,514 to ignore. 16 00:00:36,558 --> 00:00:40,301 Ancient astronaut theorist Giorgio Tsoukalos, 17 00:00:40,344 --> 00:00:42,216 author David Childress, 18 00:00:42,259 --> 00:00:44,087 and former British Ministry of Defence 19 00:00:44,131 --> 00:00:45,741 officer Nick Pope, 20 00:00:45,784 --> 00:00:49,440 have come together to examine the groundbreaking work 21 00:00:49,484 --> 00:00:52,008 of pioneering researchers, 22 00:00:52,052 --> 00:00:54,184 investigators, and whistleblowers 23 00:00:54,228 --> 00:00:57,709 who dared to challenge the scientific establishment 24 00:00:57,753 --> 00:00:59,537 and changed the world. 25 00:00:59,581 --> 00:01:01,583 Without Jacques Vallée, 26 00:01:01,626 --> 00:01:04,238 we probably wouldn't be having this discussion. 27 00:01:04,281 --> 00:01:06,414 But does the final chapter 28 00:01:06,457 --> 00:01:09,112 of their story remain to be written? 29 00:01:09,156 --> 00:01:12,246 Will it soon be revealed, once and for all, 30 00:01:12,289 --> 00:01:14,639 that Earth is being visited 31 00:01:14,683 --> 00:01:17,120 by extraterrestrials? 32 00:01:17,164 --> 00:01:19,427 You have to wonder where does this all lead 33 00:01:19,470 --> 00:01:23,387 and will we soon come closer to the truth? 34 00:01:23,431 --> 00:01:26,390 ♪ 35 00:01:26,434 --> 00:01:29,437 There is a doorway in the universe... 36 00:01:31,178 --> 00:01:34,398 ...beyond it is the promise of truth. 37 00:01:35,356 --> 00:01:38,141 It demands we question everything 38 00:01:38,185 --> 00:01:40,404 we have ever been taught. 39 00:01:40,448 --> 00:01:43,146 The evidence is all around us. 40 00:01:44,147 --> 00:01:48,108 The future is right before our eyes. 41 00:01:48,151 --> 00:01:50,719 We are not alone. 42 00:01:50,762 --> 00:01:53,809 We have never been alone. 43 00:02:00,642 --> 00:02:03,210 I'm excited to be here with you guys 44 00:02:03,253 --> 00:02:06,256 talking about the modern UFO phenomenon. 45 00:02:06,300 --> 00:02:08,867 The paradigm has certainly shifted 46 00:02:08,911 --> 00:02:12,523 because 20 years ago it was always deny, deny, deny. 47 00:02:12,567 --> 00:02:15,178 So, you know, I think that 48 00:02:15,222 --> 00:02:17,572 we are living in incredibly exciting times. 49 00:02:17,615 --> 00:02:20,401 We are. Absolutely. And this, of course, 50 00:02:20,444 --> 00:02:24,187 is part of a wider interconnected story. 51 00:02:24,231 --> 00:02:27,451 Revelation after revelation from the government itself. 52 00:02:27,495 --> 00:02:30,498 I also would offer that Ancient Aliens 53 00:02:30,541 --> 00:02:33,762 has contributed to this paradigm shift 54 00:02:33,805 --> 00:02:36,678 where people are now comfortable 55 00:02:36,721 --> 00:02:39,115 in telling their stories, 56 00:02:39,159 --> 00:02:40,682 their experiences that they've had. 57 00:02:40,725 --> 00:02:43,163 The so-called zeitgeist 58 00:02:43,206 --> 00:02:46,557 has changed in our favor. 59 00:02:46,601 --> 00:02:49,691 And I really think that with whatever is going on 60 00:02:49,734 --> 00:02:51,780 in the modern UFO phenomenon 61 00:02:51,823 --> 00:02:55,740 is directly connected to ancient times. 62 00:02:55,784 --> 00:02:57,873 Well, the UFO phenomenon has been going on 63 00:02:57,916 --> 00:03:01,877 for thousands of years with historical texts 64 00:03:01,920 --> 00:03:03,487 talking about UFOs. 65 00:03:03,531 --> 00:03:05,663 Even in the Middle Ages 66 00:03:05,707 --> 00:03:08,318 you find stories that were printed 67 00:03:08,362 --> 00:03:10,886 in what they used to call broad sheets 68 00:03:10,929 --> 00:03:12,844 of UFOs, like, for example, 69 00:03:12,888 --> 00:03:15,325 in Nuremberg or in Basel. 70 00:03:15,369 --> 00:03:17,893 And they actually have reproductions 71 00:03:17,936 --> 00:03:20,374 of what they saw up in the skies. 72 00:03:20,417 --> 00:03:22,419 Clearly, they did not have photographs back then 73 00:03:22,463 --> 00:03:24,247 but they had drawings. 74 00:03:24,291 --> 00:03:26,858 And the way these things are being reported today 75 00:03:26,902 --> 00:03:29,296 is because we have the technology. 76 00:03:29,339 --> 00:03:31,863 ♪ 77 00:03:31,907 --> 00:03:34,866 People have reported strange sightings in the sky 78 00:03:34,910 --> 00:03:37,652 since the earliest recorded history. 79 00:03:37,695 --> 00:03:39,871 For thousands of years, such encounters 80 00:03:39,915 --> 00:03:42,570 were conveyed through oral traditions, 81 00:03:42,613 --> 00:03:45,399 texts and artwork. 82 00:03:45,442 --> 00:03:48,576 But then, in 1839, 83 00:03:48,619 --> 00:03:52,406 French artist Louis Daguerre provided humankind 84 00:03:52,449 --> 00:03:54,582 with a powerful new technology: 85 00:03:54,625 --> 00:03:56,410 the daguerreotype. 86 00:03:56,453 --> 00:04:00,370 It was the first publicly available photographic process, 87 00:04:00,414 --> 00:04:03,286 and suddenly people were able to share 88 00:04:03,330 --> 00:04:06,376 the exact images they saw with their own eyes. 89 00:04:08,422 --> 00:04:09,901 Just three decades later, 90 00:04:09,945 --> 00:04:14,558 the world got its first alleged UFO photo. 91 00:04:14,602 --> 00:04:18,301 The very first photo that we have of a UFO 92 00:04:18,345 --> 00:04:21,565 is of a-a huge cylindrical craft 93 00:04:21,609 --> 00:04:24,699 over Mount Washington in New Hampshire taken in 1870 94 00:04:24,742 --> 00:04:27,441 right at the very beginning of photography. 95 00:04:29,573 --> 00:04:33,360 You see this cloud formation up at Mount Washington 96 00:04:33,403 --> 00:04:37,364 and you see this very obvious cigar-shaped object. 97 00:04:37,407 --> 00:04:40,454 Of course, many UFO reports 98 00:04:40,497 --> 00:04:42,325 described cigar-shaped objects. 99 00:04:42,369 --> 00:04:45,807 Is the photograph authentic? And turns out it is. 100 00:04:49,376 --> 00:04:52,379 As technology evolved over the late 1800s 101 00:04:52,422 --> 00:04:54,685 and early 1900s, 102 00:04:54,729 --> 00:04:58,689 so did humankind's understanding of many long-held assumptions. 103 00:04:58,733 --> 00:05:01,823 Instead of linking strange events in the sky 104 00:05:01,866 --> 00:05:05,000 with the divine, a few inquisitive minds 105 00:05:05,043 --> 00:05:07,568 proposed a profound new explanation. 106 00:05:08,699 --> 00:05:10,614 That intelligent beings from other planets, 107 00:05:10,658 --> 00:05:14,052 who possess technology far beyond our own, 108 00:05:14,096 --> 00:05:16,316 were visiting our world. 109 00:05:18,361 --> 00:05:20,842 One of the first to investigate this possibility 110 00:05:20,885 --> 00:05:23,018 was an American writer and researcher 111 00:05:23,061 --> 00:05:24,715 named Charles Fort. 112 00:05:24,759 --> 00:05:26,413 People have written about 113 00:05:26,456 --> 00:05:28,937 strange lights in the sky before. 114 00:05:28,980 --> 00:05:32,680 But Fort was probably the first person in modern life 115 00:05:32,723 --> 00:05:35,465 who assembled the stories 116 00:05:35,509 --> 00:05:39,339 into his books in a systematic way. 117 00:05:40,514 --> 00:05:44,735 Fort saw it as his job to poke holes in the straight story 118 00:05:44,779 --> 00:05:48,391 of science as it was developing at that time, 119 00:05:48,435 --> 00:05:50,698 and it demonstrated that there was a whole world 120 00:05:50,741 --> 00:05:54,876 of strange unexplained persistent phenomena. 121 00:05:56,268 --> 00:06:00,055 In 1919, Fort published his landmark collection 122 00:06:00,098 --> 00:06:03,493 of anomalous incidents and strange sightings. 123 00:06:03,537 --> 00:06:06,583 He called it The Book of the Damned. 124 00:06:06,627 --> 00:06:10,065 Now what he meant by that is all of the data 125 00:06:10,108 --> 00:06:13,982 that he incorporated and put into that book was damned 126 00:06:14,025 --> 00:06:16,376 by the scientific world of-of his time. 127 00:06:16,419 --> 00:06:19,727 That's the whole point. This was data that no one would look at. 128 00:06:21,685 --> 00:06:24,732 Today the term "Fortean" continues to be used 129 00:06:24,775 --> 00:06:27,517 to describe events that cannot be explained 130 00:06:27,561 --> 00:06:29,084 by conventional science. 131 00:06:29,127 --> 00:06:33,610 But it would take 25 years and a world war 132 00:06:33,654 --> 00:06:37,571 for researchers to examine Fort's accounts more closely. 133 00:06:38,746 --> 00:06:42,924 So a lot of the modern UFO phenomenon really started 134 00:06:42,967 --> 00:06:44,926 during the second World War. 135 00:06:44,969 --> 00:06:48,451 We had a couple of-of things, aspects to this. 136 00:06:48,495 --> 00:06:51,759 The Battle of Los Angeles-- an amazing event 137 00:06:51,802 --> 00:06:55,458 where upwards of 1,400, uh, 138 00:06:55,502 --> 00:06:58,026 anti-aircraft shells were fired into the air 139 00:06:58,069 --> 00:07:02,770 at something that had been hovering over Los Angeles. 140 00:07:02,813 --> 00:07:05,468 And there's a photo as well. There's a classic photo... 141 00:07:05,512 --> 00:07:08,863 - It was on the front page of the L.A. Times. - Yeah. 142 00:07:08,906 --> 00:07:11,648 Then you have these pilots who see 143 00:07:11,692 --> 00:07:14,477 strange balls of light called foo fighters, 144 00:07:14,521 --> 00:07:17,480 and I couldn't talk about UFOs 145 00:07:17,524 --> 00:07:19,961 without, of course, mentioning one word: 146 00:07:20,004 --> 00:07:22,137 -Roswell. -Mm-hmm. 147 00:07:22,180 --> 00:07:24,531 The military issues a press release 148 00:07:24,574 --> 00:07:26,924 which says we've recovered a flying disc. 149 00:07:26,968 --> 00:07:30,493 So you have these events coming thick and fast, 150 00:07:30,537 --> 00:07:32,495 but who's collating it all? 151 00:07:32,539 --> 00:07:34,628 We should never forget 152 00:07:34,671 --> 00:07:37,108 that, uh, maybe we have it easy now. 153 00:07:37,152 --> 00:07:40,634 We have this vast body of work that we can build on, 154 00:07:40,677 --> 00:07:44,028 and one of the great pioneers of this subject, 155 00:07:44,072 --> 00:07:47,641 who did so much to bring it into the mainstream, 156 00:07:47,684 --> 00:07:49,469 was Coral Lorenzen. 157 00:07:51,209 --> 00:07:52,950 By the 1950s, 158 00:07:52,994 --> 00:07:54,865 thousands of UFO sightings 159 00:07:54,909 --> 00:07:57,085 were being reported around the country. 160 00:07:57,128 --> 00:07:59,479 But while most dismissed these accounts 161 00:07:59,522 --> 00:08:01,568 as little more than curiosity, 162 00:08:01,611 --> 00:08:05,049 one woman in Arizona took them seriously: 163 00:08:05,093 --> 00:08:09,750 a 35-year-old housewife named Coral Lorenzen. 164 00:08:09,793 --> 00:08:12,883 When Coral Lorenzen was nine years old, 165 00:08:12,927 --> 00:08:15,973 she had her first UFO sighting in a playground 166 00:08:16,017 --> 00:08:17,714 with two friends. 167 00:08:18,759 --> 00:08:21,675 She stated that the craft reminded her 168 00:08:21,718 --> 00:08:24,808 of a parachute without strings. 169 00:08:24,852 --> 00:08:26,680 After her experiences, 170 00:08:26,723 --> 00:08:29,552 what she wanted to do was kind of nail this down 171 00:08:29,596 --> 00:08:32,207 on a scientific basis not just woo-woo stuff. 172 00:08:33,208 --> 00:08:35,515 Working out of their home, 173 00:08:35,558 --> 00:08:37,778 Coral and her husband Jim founded 174 00:08:37,821 --> 00:08:41,695 the Aerial Phenomenon Research Organization, or APRO, 175 00:08:41,738 --> 00:08:45,046 the world's first public investigation of UFOs. 176 00:08:46,917 --> 00:08:50,573 Using little more than her wits and a telephone, 177 00:08:50,617 --> 00:08:53,184 Coral collected thousands of unpublished reports 178 00:08:53,228 --> 00:08:55,578 from witnesses around the country. 179 00:08:55,622 --> 00:08:58,189 To rule out planes and unusual weather 180 00:08:58,233 --> 00:09:00,061 as the cause of the sightings, 181 00:09:00,104 --> 00:09:03,543 Coral judiciously cross-referenced these accounts 182 00:09:03,586 --> 00:09:06,894 by contacting local airfields and military bases. 183 00:09:09,287 --> 00:09:12,943 What she was able to do was show there were commonalities 184 00:09:12,987 --> 00:09:16,251 among UFO sightings, there were things that UFOs did 185 00:09:16,294 --> 00:09:19,254 and that observers saw that stretched across 186 00:09:19,297 --> 00:09:21,735 different cultures and different parts of the United States. 187 00:09:23,301 --> 00:09:25,913 Eventually, Coral's organization 188 00:09:25,956 --> 00:09:28,176 grew to have thousands of members 189 00:09:28,219 --> 00:09:31,266 and collected reports from around the world. 190 00:09:31,309 --> 00:09:34,661 The organization started out small, 191 00:09:34,704 --> 00:09:37,620 but as its reputation grew, 192 00:09:37,664 --> 00:09:41,145 she was able to attract many scientists 193 00:09:41,189 --> 00:09:43,887 and also people in the Air Force 194 00:09:43,931 --> 00:09:46,107 from other countries. 195 00:09:47,369 --> 00:09:49,719 Considered one of the best civilian research groups 196 00:09:49,763 --> 00:09:52,592 of its time, Coral Lorenzen oversaw 197 00:09:52,635 --> 00:09:55,638 the Aerial Phenomena Research Organization 198 00:09:55,682 --> 00:09:57,640 for more than three decades 199 00:09:57,684 --> 00:10:00,600 until her death in 1988. 200 00:10:03,820 --> 00:10:05,735 She set up this group 201 00:10:05,779 --> 00:10:07,650 with thousands of members, 202 00:10:07,694 --> 00:10:10,653 and she was really pulling all this together. 203 00:10:10,697 --> 00:10:14,135 They had representatives in different states in the U.S., 204 00:10:14,178 --> 00:10:16,137 in different countries, too. 205 00:10:16,180 --> 00:10:18,182 Of course, APRO as a group, 206 00:10:18,226 --> 00:10:21,838 uh, wound up in 1988, I think it was, 207 00:10:21,882 --> 00:10:25,276 but, of course, MUFON-- the Mutual UFO Network-- 208 00:10:25,320 --> 00:10:28,149 is a spinoff of APRO. 209 00:10:28,192 --> 00:10:29,933 So she was really cataloging 210 00:10:29,977 --> 00:10:32,327 a wide variety of UFO activity 211 00:10:32,370 --> 00:10:34,329 all over the world. 212 00:10:34,372 --> 00:10:36,331 What was the reaction back then 213 00:10:36,374 --> 00:10:38,638 when she would call the Air Force bases? 214 00:10:38,681 --> 00:10:41,989 Would they readily talk to her or would they stonewall her? 215 00:10:42,032 --> 00:10:44,731 She hit some brick walls, and people were probably saying 216 00:10:44,774 --> 00:10:46,863 in the military, "Who the heck is this?" 217 00:10:46,907 --> 00:10:50,171 But she was tenacious. She was-- look. 218 00:10:50,214 --> 00:10:53,827 Here's this woman blazing this trail. 219 00:10:53,870 --> 00:10:57,047 Starting almost this whole field of study 220 00:10:57,091 --> 00:10:59,659 which-which we now see today. 221 00:11:05,534 --> 00:11:06,622 Nick, can you tell us about your work 222 00:11:06,666 --> 00:11:07,710 at the British Ministry of Defence? 223 00:11:07,754 --> 00:11:10,800 Sure. I worked there for 21 years. 224 00:11:11,888 --> 00:11:15,718 And from 1991 through to 1994, 225 00:11:15,762 --> 00:11:19,287 I ran their small UFO program. 226 00:11:19,330 --> 00:11:22,725 My job was to research and investigate the phenomenon, 227 00:11:22,769 --> 00:11:25,336 to determine whether there was anything 228 00:11:25,380 --> 00:11:28,731 of any defense significance, uh, any threat, 229 00:11:28,775 --> 00:11:32,517 anything of more general scientific interest. 230 00:11:32,561 --> 00:11:34,781 Were you the first person to have that position 231 00:11:34,824 --> 00:11:35,956 or was there somebody before you? 232 00:11:35,999 --> 00:11:38,001 Oh, many, many people before me. 233 00:11:38,045 --> 00:11:40,525 Uh, we-we had been looking at this, 234 00:11:40,569 --> 00:11:44,704 um, on an ad hoc basis since the second World War, 235 00:11:44,747 --> 00:11:47,489 And what were some of the challenges 236 00:11:47,532 --> 00:11:50,448 that you were faced with in order to determine 237 00:11:50,492 --> 00:11:53,016 what was a valid sighting? 238 00:11:53,060 --> 00:11:56,411 I mean, was there a certain protocol to the work you did? 239 00:11:56,454 --> 00:11:59,370 Well, there were many challenges, 240 00:11:59,414 --> 00:12:01,851 but the-the protocols 241 00:12:01,895 --> 00:12:04,027 were actually quite set. 242 00:12:04,071 --> 00:12:05,986 We had a standard methodology 243 00:12:06,029 --> 00:12:10,425 very closely modeled on the United States 244 00:12:10,468 --> 00:12:12,862 methodologies developed, in part, 245 00:12:12,906 --> 00:12:14,429 by Dr. J. Allen Hynek. 246 00:12:16,605 --> 00:12:19,826 In 1948, Dr. J. Allen Hynek 247 00:12:19,869 --> 00:12:22,872 was working as the professor of physics and astronomy 248 00:12:22,916 --> 00:12:25,048 at Ohio State University 249 00:12:25,092 --> 00:12:27,703 when he received an unusual job offer. 250 00:12:27,747 --> 00:12:30,401 The U.S. Air Force approached him 251 00:12:30,445 --> 00:12:33,796 to investigate UFO sightings. 252 00:12:33,840 --> 00:12:36,756 Reluctantly, he joined the special operation 253 00:12:36,799 --> 00:12:39,846 which would become known as Project Blue Book. 254 00:12:41,151 --> 00:12:43,937 At the beginning, I think my father thought this would be 255 00:12:43,980 --> 00:12:45,939 a few weekends' worth of work 256 00:12:45,982 --> 00:12:48,768 just to pooh-pooh some flying saucer reports 257 00:12:48,811 --> 00:12:52,119 from, you know, Mrs. Jones out in Poughkeepsie. 258 00:12:54,077 --> 00:12:56,079 Despite his skepticism, 259 00:12:56,123 --> 00:12:59,953 Dr. Hynek approached the assignment with an open mind. 260 00:12:59,996 --> 00:13:01,955 As part of his investigations, 261 00:13:01,998 --> 00:13:05,872 he pioneered new ways of studying aerial phenomena. 262 00:13:06,873 --> 00:13:08,744 Rather than combing through reports, 263 00:13:08,788 --> 00:13:11,573 Dr. Hynek personally investigated sightings 264 00:13:11,616 --> 00:13:14,794 and interviewed eyewitnesses across the country. 265 00:13:16,143 --> 00:13:18,754 Based on his research, he developed a new system 266 00:13:18,798 --> 00:13:21,409 to categorize UFO sightings. 267 00:13:21,452 --> 00:13:23,890 He came up with a classification system 268 00:13:23,933 --> 00:13:28,068 of close encounters of the first, second and third kind. 269 00:13:29,069 --> 00:13:31,941 A close encounter of the first kind 270 00:13:31,985 --> 00:13:35,118 is when you see an object within, say, 500 feet. 271 00:13:36,119 --> 00:13:38,426 A close encounter of the second kind 272 00:13:38,469 --> 00:13:40,689 is when there's some kind of physical trace, 273 00:13:40,732 --> 00:13:42,909 maybe some irradiated dirt. 274 00:13:42,952 --> 00:13:44,824 A close encounter of the third kind 275 00:13:44,867 --> 00:13:47,435 is where you actually have contact 276 00:13:47,478 --> 00:13:49,829 with some type of entity. 277 00:13:52,744 --> 00:13:55,095 Dr. Hynek's meticulous application 278 00:13:55,138 --> 00:13:57,967 of the scientific method in his investigations 279 00:13:58,011 --> 00:14:01,144 enabled him to dismiss many alleged sightings 280 00:14:01,188 --> 00:14:05,061 as aircraft, meteors or even stars. 281 00:14:05,714 --> 00:14:09,631 But, curiously, of the more than 12,000 UFO sightings 282 00:14:09,674 --> 00:14:12,155 Dr. Hynek's office investigated, 283 00:14:12,199 --> 00:14:16,856 701 remained categorized as "unidentified." 284 00:14:17,900 --> 00:14:20,772 What my father was fascinated by 285 00:14:20,816 --> 00:14:23,558 were this irreducible core 286 00:14:23,601 --> 00:14:27,518 of five percent of cases that could not be explained. 287 00:14:27,562 --> 00:14:29,651 There was just something that was 288 00:14:29,694 --> 00:14:32,828 too legitimate to ignore. 289 00:14:33,873 --> 00:14:37,877 For many, many years, Hynek really just 290 00:14:37,920 --> 00:14:41,924 played the Air Force's party line on UFOs. 291 00:14:41,968 --> 00:14:45,667 But, finally, as you're really getting into the 1960s, 292 00:14:45,710 --> 00:14:47,887 1966 and '67, 293 00:14:47,930 --> 00:14:50,628 Hynek makes his public position clear 294 00:14:50,672 --> 00:14:52,935 that this is a serious phenomenon. 295 00:14:52,979 --> 00:14:56,852 That set up a really difficult tension because the Air Force 296 00:14:56,896 --> 00:14:59,681 was getting more sort of stonewalling in their attitude, 297 00:14:59,724 --> 00:15:02,684 and my father really was convinced that there was 298 00:15:02,727 --> 00:15:05,252 a phenomena, but really wanted the word to get out. 299 00:15:06,993 --> 00:15:10,083 But rather than expand the investigation, 300 00:15:10,126 --> 00:15:14,652 in 1969, the Air Force abruptly shut down 301 00:15:14,696 --> 00:15:16,698 Project Blue Book. 302 00:15:17,699 --> 00:15:19,179 In the years that followed, 303 00:15:19,222 --> 00:15:23,096 Hynek became an outspoken supporter of UFO research, 304 00:15:23,139 --> 00:15:25,925 publishing numerous books on the subject 305 00:15:25,968 --> 00:15:29,624 until his death in 1986. 306 00:15:29,667 --> 00:15:33,933 Hynek became increasingly disillusioned 307 00:15:33,976 --> 00:15:36,587 with the Air Force policy on this, 308 00:15:36,631 --> 00:15:39,112 and, yes, he was frustrated. 309 00:15:39,155 --> 00:15:42,637 These people have no interest in going public 310 00:15:42,680 --> 00:15:44,944 - and saying there might be extraterrestrials. - Right. 311 00:15:44,987 --> 00:15:47,555 And he's privy, as you were, 312 00:15:47,598 --> 00:15:49,252 to classified documents 313 00:15:49,296 --> 00:15:51,211 and, you know, you have to have a security clearance. 314 00:15:51,254 --> 00:15:53,039 He must have had that, too. 315 00:15:53,082 --> 00:15:55,780 So there were things that he could not talk about. 316 00:15:55,824 --> 00:15:57,826 -Wouldn't you think? -I'm sure that's the case. 317 00:15:57,869 --> 00:16:00,176 He was someone on the inside, 318 00:16:00,220 --> 00:16:03,963 and he probably had a deeper understanding 319 00:16:04,006 --> 00:16:05,660 of this phenomenon 320 00:16:05,703 --> 00:16:09,229 than almost anyone else involved at the time. 321 00:16:09,272 --> 00:16:13,276 And, uh, Jacques Vallée is another fascinating character, 322 00:16:13,320 --> 00:16:16,845 a colleague, of course, of Dr. J. Allen Hynek 323 00:16:16,888 --> 00:16:20,675 and two of the early, uh, giants in this field. 324 00:16:20,718 --> 00:16:24,113 Without Jacques Vallée, Dr. J. Allen Hynek, 325 00:16:24,157 --> 00:16:26,115 we probably wouldn't be sitting around this table 326 00:16:26,159 --> 00:16:28,291 -having this discussion. -Right. 327 00:16:28,335 --> 00:16:31,860 Jacques Vallée went back into folklore. 328 00:16:31,903 --> 00:16:34,776 He was one of the first to see and certainly the first 329 00:16:34,819 --> 00:16:37,257 to popularize that-that parallel 330 00:16:37,300 --> 00:16:40,042 between these folkloric accounts 331 00:16:40,086 --> 00:16:42,001 and the more modern accounts of UFOs 332 00:16:42,044 --> 00:16:43,915 and, specifically, alien abduction. 333 00:16:43,959 --> 00:16:46,309 Half of my family comes from Austria 334 00:16:46,353 --> 00:16:49,791 and there are many folkloric tales 335 00:16:49,834 --> 00:16:53,055 of fairy folk, where a shepherd either disappears 336 00:16:53,099 --> 00:16:54,926 or a shepherd goes to sleep 337 00:16:54,970 --> 00:16:57,059 and doesn't wake up for a week 338 00:16:57,103 --> 00:16:59,018 even though, in his mind, 339 00:16:59,061 --> 00:17:01,150 only two hours have elapsed. 340 00:17:01,194 --> 00:17:03,805 So I think it's wonderful that Vallée 341 00:17:03,848 --> 00:17:05,807 looked at those stories 342 00:17:05,850 --> 00:17:07,635 and put them into the context 343 00:17:07,678 --> 00:17:10,986 of potential extraterrestrial encounters. 344 00:17:13,902 --> 00:17:16,165 Jacques is probably our greatest 345 00:17:16,209 --> 00:17:20,648 living scientist and scholar of UFO studies. 346 00:17:20,691 --> 00:17:23,955 He wrote one of the most influential books 347 00:17:23,999 --> 00:17:26,175 that figures into the UFO field, 348 00:17:26,219 --> 00:17:28,395 which is called Passport to Magonia, 349 00:17:28,438 --> 00:17:32,225 where he ventured the theory that folklore 350 00:17:32,268 --> 00:17:36,098 all throughout the ages, matches up extraordinarily well 351 00:17:36,142 --> 00:17:38,144 with contemporary UFO accounts. 352 00:17:39,232 --> 00:17:42,104 In 1961, Dr. Jacques Vallée 353 00:17:42,148 --> 00:17:45,368 was working as an astronomer with the French Space Committee 354 00:17:45,412 --> 00:17:49,198 when he noticed a mysterious object orbiting the Earth. 355 00:17:51,244 --> 00:17:53,898 This event sparked a lifelong-interest 356 00:17:53,942 --> 00:17:55,987 in the UFO phenomenon 357 00:17:56,031 --> 00:17:57,859 which he continues to investigate 358 00:17:57,902 --> 00:18:01,123 more than six decades later. 359 00:18:01,167 --> 00:18:03,299 Vallée started out in the mid-1960s, 360 00:18:03,343 --> 00:18:05,388 working closely with Allen Hynek, 361 00:18:05,432 --> 00:18:09,088 doing what you might call standard UFO analysis back then, 362 00:18:09,131 --> 00:18:11,177 looking at various sightings. 363 00:18:12,178 --> 00:18:13,962 While working with Hynek, 364 00:18:14,005 --> 00:18:16,399 Vallée boldly proposed a profound new theory 365 00:18:16,443 --> 00:18:18,923 to explain UFO sightings 366 00:18:18,967 --> 00:18:21,752 and other paranormal experiences. 367 00:18:21,796 --> 00:18:25,104 He argued that many UFOs seem to be manipulating 368 00:18:25,147 --> 00:18:26,975 the space-time continuum 369 00:18:27,018 --> 00:18:31,893 and suggested they may not have come from another planet 370 00:18:31,936 --> 00:18:34,113 but from another dimension. 371 00:18:34,156 --> 00:18:37,899 Dr. Jacques Vallée was years ahead 372 00:18:37,942 --> 00:18:39,727 of his time. 373 00:18:39,770 --> 00:18:43,034 When everyone else was looking at the nuts and bolts 374 00:18:43,078 --> 00:18:46,125 of UFOs and their occupants, 375 00:18:46,168 --> 00:18:48,431 Jacques Vallée was interested 376 00:18:48,475 --> 00:18:51,739 in the interdimensional phenomena 377 00:18:51,782 --> 00:18:54,263 related to UFO reports. 378 00:18:55,438 --> 00:18:59,877 Jacques really helped the field accept the idea 379 00:18:59,921 --> 00:19:03,142 of truly exotic solutions. 380 00:19:03,185 --> 00:19:06,797 Once you really dig into the UFO phenomena, 381 00:19:06,841 --> 00:19:09,887 it's very hard to find one solution 382 00:19:09,931 --> 00:19:13,413 that fits all of the cases that have been reported. 383 00:19:13,456 --> 00:19:16,111 J. Allen Hynek, Jacques Vallée, 384 00:19:16,155 --> 00:19:18,026 were pioneers in this field 385 00:19:18,069 --> 00:19:20,768 and, interesting piece of film trivia, 386 00:19:20,811 --> 00:19:24,511 the classic sci-fi movie Close Encounters of the Third Kind, 387 00:19:24,554 --> 00:19:27,296 it's an homage to J. Allen Hynek 388 00:19:27,340 --> 00:19:30,430 and Spielberg gave him 389 00:19:30,473 --> 00:19:33,433 a little cameo in the movie. 390 00:19:33,476 --> 00:19:35,130 In that wonderful scene 391 00:19:35,174 --> 00:19:37,306 where the mothership comes down at the end, 392 00:19:37,350 --> 00:19:39,221 he's the guy with the pipe. 393 00:19:39,265 --> 00:19:41,136 And, actually, Jacques Vallée is depicted 394 00:19:41,180 --> 00:19:43,182 in that movie, too, in a sense. 395 00:19:43,225 --> 00:19:46,228 Isn't he the-the French UFO expert 396 00:19:46,272 --> 00:19:50,798 in the movie who then uses music and tones to communicate 397 00:19:50,841 --> 00:19:53,061 - with the extraterrestrials? - Yes, indeed. 398 00:19:53,104 --> 00:19:55,237 And a lot of people don't know this, 399 00:19:55,281 --> 00:19:57,805 Close Encounters of the Third Kind, 400 00:19:57,848 --> 00:20:00,024 it's based on the story 401 00:20:00,068 --> 00:20:02,549 of one of the great pioneers in this field. 402 00:20:08,207 --> 00:20:11,079 Another pioneer in this field was Robert Emenegger 403 00:20:11,122 --> 00:20:12,646 who wrote the book UFOs: Past, Present & Future. 404 00:20:12,689 --> 00:20:14,865 Well, there's a fascinating story about him. 405 00:20:14,909 --> 00:20:17,868 He was basically promised 406 00:20:17,912 --> 00:20:20,697 that he would get film footage 407 00:20:20,741 --> 00:20:23,396 of a UFO landing at an Air Force Base. 408 00:20:23,439 --> 00:20:24,614 Really? 409 00:20:25,963 --> 00:20:29,358 In 1972, filmmaker Robert Emenegger 410 00:20:29,402 --> 00:20:32,753 was hired by President Richard Nixon's Chief of Staff, 411 00:20:32,796 --> 00:20:36,583 H.R. Haldeman, to produce a documentary film. 412 00:20:36,626 --> 00:20:38,976 The Committee to Re-elect the President 413 00:20:39,020 --> 00:20:42,110 wanted to make a scientific documentary 414 00:20:42,153 --> 00:20:45,244 that would support Nixon. 415 00:20:46,245 --> 00:20:50,118 A documentary about some secret project 416 00:20:50,161 --> 00:20:52,903 that the government's been working on 417 00:20:52,947 --> 00:20:55,123 that can be declassified. 418 00:20:58,039 --> 00:21:00,998 But as soon as Emenegger started on the project, 419 00:21:01,042 --> 00:21:04,001 it took an unexpected turn. 420 00:21:04,045 --> 00:21:05,960 Bob Emenegger was asked, 421 00:21:06,003 --> 00:21:10,530 "How would you like to make a documentary on UFOs?" 422 00:21:10,573 --> 00:21:12,619 And Bob Emenegger was stunned. 423 00:21:13,620 --> 00:21:15,970 He told me at his home, 424 00:21:16,013 --> 00:21:19,930 "I didn't know anything about UFOs. I was shocked." 425 00:21:19,974 --> 00:21:22,977 They said if we would make the documentary, 426 00:21:23,020 --> 00:21:24,935 we would be given 427 00:21:24,979 --> 00:21:27,851 600 feet of 16-millimeter film 428 00:21:27,895 --> 00:21:30,071 shot at Holloman Air Force Base 429 00:21:30,114 --> 00:21:32,508 of a UFO landing there. 430 00:21:32,552 --> 00:21:34,467 So Emenegger agreed to do it. 431 00:21:36,730 --> 00:21:39,254 Emenegger set about producing a documentary 432 00:21:39,298 --> 00:21:41,212 that would present the public 433 00:21:41,256 --> 00:21:43,998 with authentic footage of a UFO. 434 00:21:44,041 --> 00:21:46,740 But when it came time to receive the sensational materials 435 00:21:46,783 --> 00:21:48,611 he'd been promised, 436 00:21:48,655 --> 00:21:50,787 the government had a change of heart. 437 00:21:50,831 --> 00:21:53,224 Their White House contact said, 438 00:21:53,268 --> 00:21:56,532 "Bob, I hate to tell you, but the film 439 00:21:56,576 --> 00:21:58,926 has been withdrawn." 440 00:21:58,969 --> 00:22:00,884 Bob Emenegger was crushed. He said, 441 00:22:00,928 --> 00:22:03,017 "Why? With everything we've done, 442 00:22:03,060 --> 00:22:06,107 with everything that's in place, why would you do this?" 443 00:22:06,150 --> 00:22:08,588 And he said, "Watergate." 444 00:22:09,806 --> 00:22:12,940 They said, "We can't allow you to use the film. 445 00:22:12,983 --> 00:22:15,203 "You have to do your own version of it. 446 00:22:15,246 --> 00:22:17,031 "Something that might've happened in the past 447 00:22:17,074 --> 00:22:19,686 may happen in the future." So they did that. 448 00:22:19,729 --> 00:22:22,558 It was a documentary called UFOs: Past, Present & Future. 449 00:22:22,602 --> 00:22:25,126 And they also had a book by the same name. 450 00:22:26,649 --> 00:22:28,825 Even without the military's footage, 451 00:22:28,869 --> 00:22:32,655 the 1974 release of Emenegger's documentary 452 00:22:32,699 --> 00:22:36,267 caused a stir among the UFO community. 453 00:22:37,312 --> 00:22:39,227 And many believe the alleged encounter 454 00:22:39,270 --> 00:22:41,316 at Holloman Air Force Base 455 00:22:41,360 --> 00:22:44,667 influenced a much more famous film. 456 00:22:44,711 --> 00:22:47,148 The documentary is done in 1975. 457 00:22:47,191 --> 00:22:49,237 Steven Spielberg's Close Encounters of the Third Kind 458 00:22:49,280 --> 00:22:51,805 came out in 1977. 459 00:22:51,848 --> 00:22:54,329 So when you see Close Encounters of the Third Kind, 460 00:22:54,373 --> 00:22:56,244 it's the Holloman Air Force Base story. 461 00:22:56,287 --> 00:22:57,767 Just changed the location. 462 00:22:57,811 --> 00:22:59,334 It's exactly what the story was. 463 00:23:01,336 --> 00:23:04,818 On December 14, 1977, 464 00:23:04,861 --> 00:23:07,211 Close Encounters of the Third Kind 465 00:23:07,255 --> 00:23:09,866 opens in wide release across America, 466 00:23:09,910 --> 00:23:13,740 grossing over $10 million its first week. 467 00:23:13,783 --> 00:23:17,831 But could it have been based on an actual event? 468 00:23:17,874 --> 00:23:19,876 This is a fascinating story 469 00:23:19,920 --> 00:23:23,619 of a UFO landing at an Air Force base. 470 00:23:23,663 --> 00:23:26,361 And, look, the military themselves 471 00:23:26,405 --> 00:23:28,972 maybe can't just come out and say this 472 00:23:29,016 --> 00:23:32,759 because, uh, implicit in that admission 473 00:23:32,802 --> 00:23:34,587 would be an admission that 474 00:23:34,630 --> 00:23:37,154 they lied about this for decades. 475 00:23:37,198 --> 00:23:41,942 But I think, also, that we can handle this, this truth. 476 00:23:41,985 --> 00:23:43,726 A long time ago, people would say, 477 00:23:43,770 --> 00:23:45,946 "Well, how do you deal with the skeptics?" 478 00:23:45,989 --> 00:23:48,165 One of the pioneers who, unfortunately, 479 00:23:48,209 --> 00:23:50,733 is no longer with us 'cause he passed away 480 00:23:50,777 --> 00:23:53,823 only a few years ago, is Dr. Stanton Friedman 481 00:23:53,867 --> 00:23:55,782 the nuclear physicist. 482 00:23:55,825 --> 00:24:00,047 Stanton Friedman was an absolute powerhouse in this field. 483 00:24:00,090 --> 00:24:02,745 Over the course of that career, 484 00:24:02,789 --> 00:24:05,400 he gave, I-I-- goodness, I don't have a figure. 485 00:24:05,444 --> 00:24:08,403 I-it's hundreds-- I think it's thousands 486 00:24:08,447 --> 00:24:10,927 of individual presentations 487 00:24:10,971 --> 00:24:12,973 at schools, colleges, 488 00:24:13,016 --> 00:24:16,106 um, a-all sorts of different places, 489 00:24:16,150 --> 00:24:18,718 and he was a-a crusader, 490 00:24:18,761 --> 00:24:20,633 an evangelist for this subject, 491 00:24:20,676 --> 00:24:24,811 and I-I couldn't talk about Stanton 492 00:24:24,854 --> 00:24:27,727 without, of course, mentioning Roswell. 493 00:24:28,902 --> 00:24:31,774 As interest in the UFO phenomenon grew, 494 00:24:31,818 --> 00:24:33,950 some of the nation's top scientists 495 00:24:33,994 --> 00:24:36,300 began their own investigations, 496 00:24:36,344 --> 00:24:40,740 including nuclear physicist Dr. Stanton Friedman. 497 00:24:40,783 --> 00:24:44,700 One of Dr. Friedman's most significant contributions 498 00:24:44,744 --> 00:24:46,789 to the study of UFOs 499 00:24:46,833 --> 00:24:48,704 was his research into an incident 500 00:24:48,748 --> 00:24:52,055 in Roswell, New Mexico in 1947 501 00:24:52,099 --> 00:24:55,102 when a flying saucer allegedly crashed 502 00:24:55,145 --> 00:24:58,888 and was swiftly covered up by the U.S. military. 503 00:24:58,932 --> 00:25:02,326 Stanton Friedman's the man who interviewed Jesse Marcel Sr. 504 00:25:02,370 --> 00:25:05,460 who was the most important of the Roswell witnesses. 505 00:25:05,504 --> 00:25:07,375 Major Jesse Marcel 506 00:25:07,418 --> 00:25:09,203 was the head intelligence officer 507 00:25:09,246 --> 00:25:11,292 at Roswell Army Airfield. 508 00:25:11,335 --> 00:25:14,251 He and Brigadier General Roger Ramey, 509 00:25:14,295 --> 00:25:16,210 head of the Eighth Air Force, 510 00:25:16,253 --> 00:25:19,256 were the officers tasked with transporting the debris 511 00:25:19,300 --> 00:25:22,912 recovered from the Roswell crash site to Fort Worth, Texas 512 00:25:22,956 --> 00:25:25,001 to present to the media. 513 00:25:25,045 --> 00:25:27,264 In his interview with Stanton Friedman, 514 00:25:27,308 --> 00:25:30,137 Major Marcel made a shocking admission. 515 00:25:30,180 --> 00:25:31,704 He claimed that General Ramey 516 00:25:31,747 --> 00:25:34,750 replaced the real Roswell debris. 517 00:25:34,794 --> 00:25:37,884 Major Marcel explained how they swapped 518 00:25:37,927 --> 00:25:41,888 the Roswell debris with radar material from a radar balloon. 519 00:25:41,931 --> 00:25:44,717 And he had to swear that's what he saw. 520 00:25:44,760 --> 00:25:48,459 So the point is that Stanton 521 00:25:48,503 --> 00:25:50,940 unearthed a lot of this material 522 00:25:50,984 --> 00:25:53,377 and was the first person to make it public. 523 00:25:53,421 --> 00:25:56,337 Stanton alleged that the military was engaged 524 00:25:56,380 --> 00:25:59,079 in a widespread coverup of the existence 525 00:25:59,122 --> 00:26:01,255 of extraterrestrial life, 526 00:26:01,298 --> 00:26:05,259 a scandal so big he called it the "cosmic Watergate." 527 00:26:05,302 --> 00:26:08,741 If you pick up a UFO book written in the '50s 528 00:26:08,784 --> 00:26:10,394 and if it's got an index, 529 00:26:10,438 --> 00:26:12,483 and you think, "Oh, I'll look up Roswell," 530 00:26:12,527 --> 00:26:14,747 you won't find it. It's not there. 531 00:26:14,790 --> 00:26:19,055 The rediscovery of Roswell is really credited 532 00:26:19,099 --> 00:26:21,101 -to Stanton Friedman. -Interesting. 533 00:26:26,367 --> 00:26:28,282 You know, we've actually been working 534 00:26:28,325 --> 00:26:30,197 all these years with one of the earliest 535 00:26:30,240 --> 00:26:32,068 modern UFO researchers 536 00:26:32,112 --> 00:26:33,766 and pioneers that exist. 537 00:26:33,809 --> 00:26:35,855 She's a specialist in cattle mutilations. 538 00:26:35,898 --> 00:26:39,206 She's a specialist in UFOs and Roswell, 539 00:26:39,249 --> 00:26:42,122 our own Linda Moulton Howe. 540 00:26:43,253 --> 00:26:45,038 For more than four decades, 541 00:26:45,081 --> 00:26:47,518 investigative reporter Linda Moulton Howe 542 00:26:47,562 --> 00:26:49,825 has been researching a potential 543 00:26:49,869 --> 00:26:53,176 extraterrestrial presence on Earth. 544 00:26:53,220 --> 00:26:58,094 She has received numerous awards for journalistic excellence 545 00:26:58,138 --> 00:27:01,184 including an Emmy for her 1980 documentary 546 00:27:01,228 --> 00:27:03,578 on cattle mutilations titled, 547 00:27:03,622 --> 00:27:05,232 A Strange Harvest. 548 00:27:05,275 --> 00:27:09,192 Today she is the reporter and editor of the website 549 00:27:09,236 --> 00:27:12,674 Earthfiles.com, which contains an archive 550 00:27:12,718 --> 00:27:16,983 of nearly 3,000 in-depth UFO reports. 551 00:27:18,027 --> 00:27:20,682 She's actually waiting to speak with us 552 00:27:20,726 --> 00:27:22,597 with a video call. 553 00:27:23,685 --> 00:27:25,687 Hi, Linda. Good to see you. 554 00:27:25,731 --> 00:27:27,863 Hi, guys. It's great to see you. 555 00:27:27,907 --> 00:27:29,691 So tell us, please, 556 00:27:29,735 --> 00:27:32,172 what got you started in this field? 557 00:27:32,215 --> 00:27:34,740 I am a professional TV producer 558 00:27:34,783 --> 00:27:36,698 and an investigative reporter. 559 00:27:36,742 --> 00:27:39,570 In September of 1979, 560 00:27:39,614 --> 00:27:41,703 I was director of special projects 561 00:27:41,747 --> 00:27:44,532 at the CBS station in Denver, Colorado. 562 00:27:44,575 --> 00:27:47,100 And late in that summer, there were headlines 563 00:27:47,143 --> 00:27:49,842 in The Denver Post and 564 00:27:49,885 --> 00:27:53,759 about bloodless, trackless animal mutilations 565 00:27:53,802 --> 00:27:56,109 in Colorado and surrounding states. 566 00:27:56,152 --> 00:27:58,894 I wanted to find out what 567 00:27:58,938 --> 00:28:03,203 did this mean, "a bloodless, trackless animal mutilation"? 568 00:28:03,246 --> 00:28:05,553 This gets me involved, and we do this 569 00:28:05,596 --> 00:28:07,294 for my film A Strange Harvest. 570 00:28:07,337 --> 00:28:09,862 There was a classic pattern 571 00:28:09,905 --> 00:28:12,081 from case to case to case 572 00:28:12,125 --> 00:28:15,694 where these animals have the same tissue taken: 573 00:28:15,737 --> 00:28:19,088 ear, eye, tongue, jaw, genitals and rectum. 574 00:28:19,132 --> 00:28:21,525 And those were excisions 575 00:28:21,569 --> 00:28:24,615 that really baffled the sheriffs and the veterinarians 576 00:28:24,659 --> 00:28:27,923 because the bone where the cut was made 577 00:28:27,967 --> 00:28:32,319 glistened like somebody had melted and then polished. 578 00:28:32,362 --> 00:28:34,321 Right. This would imply 579 00:28:34,364 --> 00:28:37,019 some type of external technology. 580 00:28:37,063 --> 00:28:39,805 I'm wondering in your research with 581 00:28:39,848 --> 00:28:41,937 the hundreds of people you've spoken to, 582 00:28:41,981 --> 00:28:44,984 not just the ranchers, but fellow journalists, 583 00:28:45,027 --> 00:28:47,769 broadcasters, the veterinarians, 584 00:28:47,813 --> 00:28:50,772 what is your bottom line conclusions? 585 00:28:50,816 --> 00:28:52,252 Who's doing this and why? 586 00:28:52,295 --> 00:28:55,646 Well, Nick, there is no evidence beyond 587 00:28:55,690 --> 00:28:57,213 the bodies of these animals. 588 00:28:57,257 --> 00:28:59,868 But one of the ranchers 589 00:28:59,912 --> 00:29:02,131 told me that one night he saw 590 00:29:02,175 --> 00:29:06,048 a round, glowing disc-- is all he could see-- 591 00:29:06,092 --> 00:29:08,877 put a beam right down into one of his pastures 592 00:29:08,921 --> 00:29:10,879 where they had been having mutilations 593 00:29:10,923 --> 00:29:12,751 around in a large area. 594 00:29:12,794 --> 00:29:15,666 And in that beam of light, 595 00:29:15,710 --> 00:29:18,104 he saw one of his animals. 596 00:29:19,192 --> 00:29:22,064 The sheriff told me this himself. 597 00:29:22,108 --> 00:29:24,675 He said, "I know that the perpetrators 598 00:29:24,719 --> 00:29:27,113 "of these bloodless animal mutilations 599 00:29:27,156 --> 00:29:28,941 are creatures from outer space." 600 00:29:30,333 --> 00:29:32,640 And I felt like I had been hit 601 00:29:32,683 --> 00:29:34,294 with an electrical shock. 602 00:29:36,687 --> 00:29:38,994 Creatures from outer space? 603 00:29:39,038 --> 00:29:41,823 Could extraterrestrials be responsible 604 00:29:41,867 --> 00:29:44,391 for the bizarre animal mutilations 605 00:29:44,434 --> 00:29:48,264 that have been reported by ranchers all over the country? 606 00:29:48,308 --> 00:29:51,137 But, if so, to what end? 607 00:29:51,180 --> 00:29:53,966 I have literally interviewed thousands now. 608 00:29:54,009 --> 00:29:56,316 You hear, 609 00:29:56,359 --> 00:29:59,754 "I saw this kind of light." 610 00:29:59,798 --> 00:30:03,366 "I saw this beam lowering an animal to the pasture, 611 00:30:03,410 --> 00:30:05,238 and it was mutilated." 612 00:30:05,281 --> 00:30:07,370 Somebody else saw this animal coming up 613 00:30:07,414 --> 00:30:10,852 in a beam of light, and later it was found mutilated. 614 00:30:10,896 --> 00:30:13,724 And what people were describing 615 00:30:13,768 --> 00:30:15,770 in the 20th century 616 00:30:15,814 --> 00:30:19,992 are what people were describing in the third century 617 00:30:20,035 --> 00:30:22,733 or 500 BC 618 00:30:22,777 --> 00:30:24,866 or going back in time. 619 00:30:24,910 --> 00:30:28,174 And it's not just the United States. 620 00:30:28,217 --> 00:30:31,046 It's Canada, Mexico, Central America, 621 00:30:31,090 --> 00:30:34,267 South America, Australia, New Zealand, 622 00:30:34,310 --> 00:30:36,486 all of Western Europe 623 00:30:36,530 --> 00:30:39,011 and going into Eastern Europe. 624 00:30:40,229 --> 00:30:43,754 According to the FBI, thousands of cattle mutilations 625 00:30:43,798 --> 00:30:47,715 have been reported across the U.S. since the 1970s. 626 00:30:47,758 --> 00:30:50,936 Linda's pioneering investigations 627 00:30:50,979 --> 00:30:53,373 forced those who study the UFO phenomenon 628 00:30:53,416 --> 00:30:56,245 to consider a chilling proposition: 629 00:30:56,289 --> 00:30:59,814 that extraterrestrial beings aren't just here 630 00:30:59,858 --> 00:31:01,468 to observe us. 631 00:31:01,511 --> 00:31:04,732 They may have an agenda for our planet. 632 00:31:05,907 --> 00:31:09,171 I think it's important to get across that 633 00:31:09,215 --> 00:31:12,087 there are real people who have been afraid 634 00:31:12,131 --> 00:31:14,873 to come forward and describe 635 00:31:14,916 --> 00:31:17,049 what they actually saw with their own eyes 636 00:31:17,092 --> 00:31:19,442 because they didn't have video proof 637 00:31:19,486 --> 00:31:21,923 and they don't want to be criticized. 638 00:31:21,967 --> 00:31:25,274 Well, Linda, this has been absolutely invaluable, 639 00:31:25,318 --> 00:31:28,887 and we are all so lucky to have you on board with us. 640 00:31:28,930 --> 00:31:31,150 So we thank you very much for your time. 641 00:31:31,193 --> 00:31:33,761 Thank you, Giorgio. 642 00:31:33,804 --> 00:31:35,806 -That was incredible. -Wow. That was pretty interesting. 643 00:31:35,850 --> 00:31:38,418 She was like the first dogged reporter, 644 00:31:38,461 --> 00:31:40,550 investigative reporter, you know, phoning up people, 645 00:31:40,594 --> 00:31:42,552 going to those sites, interviewing people. 646 00:31:42,596 --> 00:31:45,381 Yeah, it-it brings it home 647 00:31:45,425 --> 00:31:48,036 that these UFOs have real 648 00:31:48,080 --> 00:31:50,952 tangible, physical effects 649 00:31:50,996 --> 00:31:53,433 and that means it's not just imagination. It's real. 650 00:31:59,308 --> 00:32:01,180 By the way, the U.S. government 651 00:32:01,223 --> 00:32:03,312 is one of the last governments to admit 652 00:32:03,356 --> 00:32:05,227 there is a UFO phenomenon. 653 00:32:05,271 --> 00:32:06,837 But now we all actually know that the U.S. government 654 00:32:06,881 --> 00:32:09,666 has been investigating this since the '40s. 655 00:32:09,710 --> 00:32:13,932 Absolutely. And records, files, documents, 656 00:32:13,975 --> 00:32:17,674 are being declassified and released in record numbers. 657 00:32:17,718 --> 00:32:19,111 In the United Kingdom, for example, 658 00:32:19,154 --> 00:32:20,677 we've declassified and released 659 00:32:20,721 --> 00:32:23,724 about 60,000 pages 660 00:32:23,767 --> 00:32:27,032 of UFO documents, some of which were very highly classified. 661 00:32:27,075 --> 00:32:29,643 And so we get 662 00:32:29,686 --> 00:32:31,775 this fuller picture of what's going on. 663 00:32:31,819 --> 00:32:34,996 And now, you know, uh, almost everybody who has had 664 00:32:35,040 --> 00:32:37,259 an experience feels 665 00:32:37,303 --> 00:32:40,697 compelled to come forward to tell their story. 666 00:32:40,741 --> 00:32:44,136 I mean, this reminds me of one influential person 667 00:32:44,179 --> 00:32:46,225 and modern pioneer, Bob Lazar. 668 00:32:46,268 --> 00:32:47,878 Yes, uh, he was somebody 669 00:32:47,922 --> 00:32:52,013 who first spoke out in 1989. 670 00:32:53,232 --> 00:32:57,105 Bob Lazar is someone who became famous back in 1989 671 00:32:57,149 --> 00:33:00,674 as a result of a very specific claim that he made. 672 00:33:01,762 --> 00:33:04,025 And that claim is that he worked 673 00:33:04,069 --> 00:33:06,114 at a place just south of Area 51. 674 00:33:06,158 --> 00:33:08,160 He called it S4. 675 00:33:08,203 --> 00:33:10,292 He was interviewed by a Las Vegas journalist, 676 00:33:10,336 --> 00:33:13,948 George Knapp in a series of very detailed interviews. 677 00:33:15,297 --> 00:33:18,561 We put him on the air, blacked out his face, 678 00:33:18,605 --> 00:33:20,085 and he told this incredible story. 679 00:33:21,912 --> 00:33:23,871 Exactly what's going on up there? 680 00:33:23,914 --> 00:33:26,917 Well, there's several, uh, actually nine, 681 00:33:26,961 --> 00:33:30,008 uh, flying saucers, flying discs, 682 00:33:30,051 --> 00:33:33,750 uh, that are out there of extraterrestrial origin. 683 00:33:33,794 --> 00:33:37,711 He said it's a secret that needed to be told to the world, 684 00:33:37,754 --> 00:33:39,713 that his life was in danger, 685 00:33:39,756 --> 00:33:43,064 and that he was coming forward and, uh, and wanted to tell it. 686 00:33:43,108 --> 00:33:46,894 I could feel my jaw dropping. Is this real? 687 00:33:47,982 --> 00:33:50,245 We left there thinking, "Wow. If this is real, 688 00:33:50,289 --> 00:33:52,117 this is a really big story." 689 00:33:52,160 --> 00:33:55,120 So we decided, well, let's take the time 690 00:33:55,163 --> 00:33:56,773 and get this right. 691 00:33:57,818 --> 00:33:59,733 Over the next eight months, 692 00:33:59,776 --> 00:34:02,127 Knapp conducted a thorough investigation 693 00:34:02,170 --> 00:34:05,130 of Lazar's sensational claims. 694 00:34:05,173 --> 00:34:09,090 According to Lazar, before he worked at S4, 695 00:34:09,134 --> 00:34:12,920 he as a physicist at the Los Alamos National Laboratory-- 696 00:34:12,963 --> 00:34:16,924 the facility that developed the atomic bomb. 697 00:34:16,967 --> 00:34:18,969 The central question for me was, 698 00:34:19,013 --> 00:34:21,276 "Did he work at Los Alamos?" 699 00:34:21,320 --> 00:34:23,800 Because if he did, 700 00:34:23,844 --> 00:34:26,977 it would at least be plausible that if he worked there 701 00:34:27,021 --> 00:34:29,632 in a technical or scientific position, that he could also 702 00:34:29,676 --> 00:34:31,286 be hired at a place like S4. 703 00:34:31,330 --> 00:34:33,854 So that's where we focused our attention. 704 00:34:33,897 --> 00:34:35,986 I started calling Los Alamos. 705 00:34:36,030 --> 00:34:39,338 At first, "No. We have no record of a guy named Bob Lazar." 706 00:34:39,381 --> 00:34:42,210 I got the phone book from the Los Alamos Lab. 707 00:34:42,254 --> 00:34:44,995 There's his name in the phone book. I call them back and said, 708 00:34:45,039 --> 00:34:46,954 "Hey, he's in the phone book." 709 00:34:46,997 --> 00:34:49,739 They finally sort of exasperatingly told me, 710 00:34:49,783 --> 00:34:53,221 "Yeah, we've got a record of him being here." 711 00:34:53,265 --> 00:34:56,311 We found Bob Lazar to be credible, um, 712 00:34:56,355 --> 00:35:00,054 about his background, his, uh, his scientific training, 713 00:35:00,098 --> 00:35:01,708 where he had worked. 714 00:35:02,752 --> 00:35:04,885 For more than two decades, 715 00:35:04,928 --> 00:35:07,105 Bob Lazar's critics claimed 716 00:35:07,148 --> 00:35:10,064 there was no evidence of any secret military base 717 00:35:10,108 --> 00:35:12,153 in the Nevada desert. 718 00:35:12,197 --> 00:35:14,373 But then, in 2013, 719 00:35:14,416 --> 00:35:17,767 a Freedom of Information Act request 720 00:35:17,811 --> 00:35:20,161 forced the CIA to finally acknowledge 721 00:35:20,205 --> 00:35:23,164 that Area 51 is real. 722 00:35:23,208 --> 00:35:25,123 The story of Area 51-- 723 00:35:25,166 --> 00:35:28,691 it exploded around the world. 724 00:35:28,735 --> 00:35:30,780 The reason you know about Area 51 725 00:35:30,824 --> 00:35:32,826 is because Bob Lazar and George Knapp 726 00:35:32,869 --> 00:35:36,003 on the news, 1989, made it a household name. 727 00:35:36,046 --> 00:35:37,396 That's the reason. 728 00:35:38,397 --> 00:35:41,008 All of that came from Bob Lazar. 729 00:35:42,052 --> 00:35:43,793 To many researchers, 730 00:35:43,837 --> 00:35:46,361 the government's acknowledgement of Area 51 731 00:35:46,405 --> 00:35:50,235 established Lazar as more than a UFO pioneer. 732 00:35:50,278 --> 00:35:54,326 His inside access made him a whistleblower. 733 00:35:55,936 --> 00:35:57,981 My name's Bob Lazar. 734 00:35:58,025 --> 00:36:02,072 I'm known for working at a classified base 735 00:36:02,116 --> 00:36:04,640 known as S4 out in the Nevada desert 736 00:36:04,684 --> 00:36:06,425 near Area 51, 737 00:36:06,468 --> 00:36:09,341 and there we reverse-engineered 738 00:36:09,384 --> 00:36:11,038 alien spacecraft. 739 00:36:12,257 --> 00:36:16,348 But could Lazar's sensational claims be true? 740 00:36:16,391 --> 00:36:19,873 Former Air Force pilot Captain David Fruehauf 741 00:36:19,916 --> 00:36:22,267 worked at Area 51 742 00:36:22,310 --> 00:36:26,140 from 1979 until 1985. 743 00:36:26,184 --> 00:36:29,752 And while he was never shown any alien technology, 744 00:36:29,796 --> 00:36:32,233 he attests that Bob Lazar's account 745 00:36:32,277 --> 00:36:35,062 of the facility is entirely accurate. 746 00:36:36,803 --> 00:36:39,240 When I was there, we knew about S4, 747 00:36:39,284 --> 00:36:41,242 but we didn't know what they did. 748 00:36:42,287 --> 00:36:45,768 And I know people that had worked for me 749 00:36:45,812 --> 00:36:49,511 that after I left there, they had seen Bob Lazar there, 750 00:36:49,555 --> 00:36:51,731 and they admitted that to me recently. 751 00:36:51,774 --> 00:36:55,256 Bob Lazar's statements and all the things he had said 752 00:36:55,300 --> 00:36:57,258 have gelled now to the point 753 00:36:57,302 --> 00:36:59,565 where I think he's very credible. 754 00:37:01,828 --> 00:37:03,482 It doesn't necessarily prove 755 00:37:03,525 --> 00:37:06,136 every aspect of Bob Lazar's story, 756 00:37:06,180 --> 00:37:08,269 but Bob Lazar said there was an Area 51 757 00:37:08,313 --> 00:37:10,750 and the government then said, "Yeah, okay there is." 758 00:37:10,793 --> 00:37:13,187 -So it makes one wonder. -Right. 759 00:37:13,231 --> 00:37:15,929 I mean, look, if Roswell was real, uh, 760 00:37:15,972 --> 00:37:17,800 they had to take the wreckage somewhere, 761 00:37:17,844 --> 00:37:20,760 and, of course, it stands to reason we'd want to know, 762 00:37:20,803 --> 00:37:22,501 uh, can we build these things ourselves? 763 00:37:22,544 --> 00:37:25,765 Can we develop this technology? You'd do it somewhere. 764 00:37:25,808 --> 00:37:28,071 What better place than Area 51? 765 00:37:28,115 --> 00:37:31,336 And Area 51 today is part of our pop culture. 766 00:37:31,379 --> 00:37:34,121 - I mean, everyone knows about Area 51. - Right. 767 00:37:34,164 --> 00:37:36,558 I think that anyone who genuinely 768 00:37:36,602 --> 00:37:38,473 looks into the UFO phenomenon-- 769 00:37:38,517 --> 00:37:42,260 you have to come away with some belief in it. 770 00:37:42,303 --> 00:37:44,305 There's no getting away from the fact 771 00:37:44,349 --> 00:37:46,351 that we are in a stronger position 772 00:37:46,394 --> 00:37:50,268 now, in terms of evidence, than we've ever been. 773 00:37:50,311 --> 00:37:52,357 And, actually, when this is accepted, 774 00:37:52,400 --> 00:37:56,099 we are going to have to fundamentally rethink 775 00:37:56,143 --> 00:37:58,014 our place in the wider cosmos. 776 00:37:58,058 --> 00:37:59,277 Right. Yes. 777 00:38:06,371 --> 00:38:08,851 Well, gentlemen, this has been a fascinating conversation. 778 00:38:08,895 --> 00:38:11,854 So with everything that we have so far, 779 00:38:11,898 --> 00:38:14,117 cattle mutilations, UFO sightings, 780 00:38:14,161 --> 00:38:15,989 and also ancient stories that pretty much speak 781 00:38:16,032 --> 00:38:17,643 of the same thing, 782 00:38:17,686 --> 00:38:19,471 you have to wonder 783 00:38:19,514 --> 00:38:23,518 where does this all lead and will we soon come closer 784 00:38:23,562 --> 00:38:25,085 to the truth? 785 00:38:25,128 --> 00:38:26,521 There's an amazing consistency 786 00:38:26,565 --> 00:38:28,001 to all of these reports. 787 00:38:28,044 --> 00:38:31,047 And when you put them all in totality, 788 00:38:31,091 --> 00:38:33,920 it's just not something you can dismiss. 789 00:38:33,963 --> 00:38:36,009 - Something's going on. - It is. 790 00:38:36,052 --> 00:38:38,011 And we're building up to something. 791 00:38:39,534 --> 00:38:41,536 My gosh. 792 00:38:41,580 --> 00:38:43,582 We have military pilots, 793 00:38:43,625 --> 00:38:46,759 and radar operators, going on the record with this, 794 00:38:46,802 --> 00:38:49,718 government officials who have been involved 795 00:38:49,762 --> 00:38:51,633 in these sorts of programs, 796 00:38:51,677 --> 00:38:54,854 we have declassification of documents. 797 00:38:54,897 --> 00:38:56,725 It seems to be 798 00:38:56,769 --> 00:38:59,032 the beginning of disclosure, in a sense. 799 00:38:59,075 --> 00:39:03,515 Could disclosure, in fact, already be happening 800 00:39:03,558 --> 00:39:06,866 with evidence coming from many sources? 801 00:39:06,909 --> 00:39:09,216 In December 2020, 802 00:39:09,259 --> 00:39:12,219 former CIA Director John Brennan 803 00:39:12,262 --> 00:39:14,874 made a surprising statement about UFOs 804 00:39:14,917 --> 00:39:17,529 on the Conversations with Tyler podcast. 805 00:39:17,572 --> 00:39:19,705 I think some of the phenomena we're going to be seeing 806 00:39:19,748 --> 00:39:22,055 continues to be, uh, unexplained 807 00:39:22,098 --> 00:39:24,274 and might, in fact, 808 00:39:24,318 --> 00:39:26,059 be a different form of life. 809 00:39:28,801 --> 00:39:31,673 We are living through a remarkable turning point 810 00:39:31,717 --> 00:39:33,762 right now in UFO studies. 811 00:39:33,806 --> 00:39:36,765 We don't know what these objects are, 812 00:39:36,809 --> 00:39:39,812 but the fact that these objects are documented, 813 00:39:39,855 --> 00:39:41,596 backed by evidence, 814 00:39:41,640 --> 00:39:45,034 backed by a long record of credible testimony 815 00:39:45,078 --> 00:39:47,907 is no longer in dispute. 816 00:39:50,039 --> 00:39:53,782 It's been over 70 years since these early pioneers 817 00:39:53,826 --> 00:39:56,132 began collecting data and releasing it 818 00:39:56,176 --> 00:39:57,917 to the public and we've really 819 00:39:57,960 --> 00:40:00,528 -come a long way since then. -We should never forget 820 00:40:00,572 --> 00:40:02,008 that all these people, 821 00:40:02,051 --> 00:40:04,271 whether it's Jacques Vallée, 822 00:40:04,314 --> 00:40:06,752 Dr. J. Allen Hynek, 823 00:40:06,795 --> 00:40:08,928 Coral Lorenzen, 824 00:40:08,971 --> 00:40:12,061 Linda Moulton Howe-- without them we probably 825 00:40:12,105 --> 00:40:16,109 wouldn't be in the fortunate position that we are in today. 826 00:40:16,152 --> 00:40:19,895 All of these people went down a path 827 00:40:19,939 --> 00:40:22,942 that was, at the time, unheard of, 828 00:40:22,985 --> 00:40:25,292 and, in a way, we are standing on 829 00:40:25,335 --> 00:40:27,599 the shoulders of giants 830 00:40:27,642 --> 00:40:30,776 because through the work of the pioneers 831 00:40:30,819 --> 00:40:33,169 and through shows like Ancient Aliens, 832 00:40:33,213 --> 00:40:36,782 and now almost everybody who has had an experience 833 00:40:36,825 --> 00:40:40,133 feels compelled to tell their story 834 00:40:40,176 --> 00:40:43,658 because it has become more accepted, 835 00:40:43,702 --> 00:40:46,139 and the so-called zeitgeist 836 00:40:46,182 --> 00:40:49,142 has changed in our favor. 837 00:40:49,185 --> 00:40:51,318 Well, I think you're right. 838 00:40:51,361 --> 00:40:54,800 It's been a great conversation with you guys. 839 00:40:54,843 --> 00:40:58,064 It's just-just a fascinating subject, of course. 840 00:40:58,107 --> 00:40:59,718 Yeah, thank you very much for the information, Nick. 841 00:40:59,761 --> 00:41:02,590 And everything that we've talked about today 842 00:41:02,634 --> 00:41:06,159 illustrates this disclosure that has been going on 843 00:41:06,202 --> 00:41:09,423 for a very long time, and I can't wait to see 844 00:41:09,467 --> 00:41:12,295 what the future holds, and I thank you for your time. 845 00:41:12,339 --> 00:41:13,775 -Thank you. -Thanks, Nick. 846 00:41:13,819 --> 00:41:15,995 CAPTIONING PROVIDED BY A+E NETWORKS 65651

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