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Rock 'n' roll music.
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It was the single thing that was
able to reach down, communicate...
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and give you a sense of the world outside.
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It's not even recognizable
as the same thing that people called...
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"this rock 'n' roll that won't survive."
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Mystery and mischief are the two most
important ingredients in rock 'n' roll.
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This great music we've discovered,
this great music which is still growing...
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which now you can write songs about
what's really happening deep inside you...
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and what's happening around you
in the world...
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can also sound extraordinary.
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There's no reason why
it shouldn't sound as good...
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as Mozart, or Beethoven,
or a great Ellington gig.
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00:02:22,289 --> 00:02:26,123
People let bands change them
in their lifestyle.
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There's people
who listen to music ritually.
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"God, I need to listen to Metallica
when I wake up. It's my coffee."
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Or something like that.
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There's people that just flip on the radio...
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and just... as they go to work.
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Rock 'n' roll is fun.
It's full of energy. It's full of laughter.
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It's naughty.
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Music is like sex.
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You spend more time talking about it
than you actually do doing it.
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Jazz was for the brain.
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And blues, rhythm and blues,
and rock 'n' roll...
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was from the groin, from the belly.
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Between wanting to make money
and wanting to meet women...
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is why we got into rock 'n' roll
in the first place.
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We loved music.
We wanted to express ourselves.
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But anyone who says he didn't
get into rock to get laid is lying.
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In the '90s,
we've had time to look and inspect...
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00:04:01,821 --> 00:04:05,222
and analyze everything
and be influenced by everything.
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00:04:05,292 --> 00:04:08,728
There's not a whole lot of pioneering
going on right this minute.
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The pioneering went on earlier.
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There's nothing but rhythm and blues.
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That "R" and "B" stands for Real Black.
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Rock 'n' roll is rock 'n' roll.
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And you're not going to beat
rock 'n' roll music.
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If you do, I want to hear it.
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Juvenile delinquents
played rock 'n' roll in the '50s...
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and wore leather jackets.
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In the '60s, hippies played it.
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In the '70s,
there was juvenile delinquents...
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00:05:01,548 --> 00:05:04,142
but that was an old word,
so they used "punk."
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00:05:04,517 --> 00:05:07,782
Then they cleaned it up
with new wave and put a tie on...
46
00:05:08,121 --> 00:05:10,521
but it's all about music and songs...
47
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and what songs
are popular to people at the time.
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You roll with it.
You rock with it. You move it.
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You feel it. And you believe in it.
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Rock 'n' roll is a commitment.
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Rock 'n' roll is passion...
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and spirit.
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If I defined rock 'n' roll,
it would be freedom and rebellion.
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It's what it's all about.
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It's performing that
which you feel strongly about...
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to other people,
because the songs just come alive then.
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That's when they live and breathe.
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And rock 'n' roll is something
that's hardcore, rough...
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and wild, and sweaty,
and wet, and just loose.
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I think there needs to be a certain amount
of outlaw to rock 'n' roll.
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And at that time, we were at that age
where we really were those outlaws.
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If we had been in the Old West, we would
have been bank robbers, I'm sure.
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But luckily there was music around,
so we ended up being musicians.
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Rock music is high-velocity folk music.
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It is our life and times,
but with fury and some passion.
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Rock 'n'roll is such a strong medium...
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that it's almost too good.
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It's forced to keep itself alive
in any way, shape, or form.
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It does that through its agelessness...
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its capabilities of being so euphoric...
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that it can get anybody stoned
and caught and brought into its web.
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To tell you the truth, that's what I think
drives the greatest music:
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Simplicity and truth.
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It's a threat, really.
I think that's really the key of it.
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Most kids hate their parents' artists...
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their big sisters' and brothers' artists.
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They want to get away from that
more than anything.
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It's supposed to shake you...
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out of your establishment place and say:
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"Gee, I really don't understand that."
81
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Exactly. That's the point.
You're not supposed to.
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This is the next generation taking over.
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00:09:41,327 --> 00:09:44,956
And I can remember the same exact words
that they're saying...
84
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that I hear a lot
of my contemporaries saying, like:
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"That's not music. There's no melody.
And there's no words."
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Rock 'n' roll started out on a corner
of the street, just like hip-hop.
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A few Black people get together.
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It's devil music.
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00:10:01,180 --> 00:10:02,545
About every 10 years...
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00:10:02,982 --> 00:10:05,917
everything breaks down
to the lowest common denominator...
91
00:10:06,152 --> 00:10:09,144
and then it builds back up
to the same old shit.
92
00:10:09,222 --> 00:10:12,191
But the only thing that survives
is rock 'n' roll.
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You're talking about music...
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00:10:15,128 --> 00:10:19,531
that was bred from Africa
to the Black Church...
95
00:10:19,599 --> 00:10:22,500
and over to gospel,
which turned into blues...
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00:10:22,568 --> 00:10:24,263
and jazz and country music.
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00:10:24,337 --> 00:10:27,534
And it cross-pollinates,
and that's the way it ought to be.
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00:10:27,740 --> 00:10:28,729
That's how it started.
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00:10:29,442 --> 00:10:32,002
It's only now, later on,
that I look back and say:
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00:10:32,178 --> 00:10:36,205
"I didn't start listening to music in 1956.
I was listening to it in 1946."
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00:10:37,617 --> 00:10:40,586
Without even me knowing it.
I was listening to my mom's stuff.
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00:10:40,653 --> 00:10:42,985
Whatever she wanted to hear,
I had to hear.
103
00:10:43,556 --> 00:10:46,184
And so I was brought upon a lot of very good jazz...
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00:10:46,259 --> 00:10:48,750
a lot of good vocalists,and good guitar players.
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00:10:48,828 --> 00:10:52,457
And if you turn out to be a musician,anything you've ever heard...
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comes out in what you play.
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00:10:54,901 --> 00:10:58,894
You only need a few geniusesand great musicians here and there.
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That's enough to play it.
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00:11:01,307 --> 00:11:03,775
The real beauty and art in music
is listening to it.
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00:11:42,215 --> 00:11:44,649
In a way, Muddy Waters was the focus...
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00:11:47,720 --> 00:11:52,623
perhaps of all the good things
about that Chicago Blues era.
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00:11:53,092 --> 00:11:56,323
He had a great voice.
He was an interesting guitar player.
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00:11:56,396 --> 00:11:58,864
He used to play harmonica.
He had a wonderful band.
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00:11:58,931 --> 00:12:01,422
He was a big influence for me.
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00:12:01,501 --> 00:12:03,765
I knew himbefore The Rolling Stones existed.
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00:12:41,974 --> 00:12:43,566
He meant a great deal to me...
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00:12:43,643 --> 00:12:47,340
and his music still does,
probably more than anybody else's.
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I don't know why.
It was the first, really, that got to me...
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00:12:50,917 --> 00:12:54,512
and it still is the most important music
in my life today:
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00:12:54,587 --> 00:12:56,521
The music of Muddy Waters.
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00:13:32,925 --> 00:13:36,656
Everything that I have heard
in my life is rooted in the blues...
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00:13:37,563 --> 00:13:39,861
except Johann Sebastian Bach.
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00:13:40,900 --> 00:13:44,859
I'm a big blues fan.
I'm more of a blues fan than a jazz fan.
124
00:13:44,937 --> 00:13:47,405
A lot of people might say,
"You must be into jazz."
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00:13:47,473 --> 00:13:49,338
No, that's somebody like Gang Starr...
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00:13:49,408 --> 00:13:51,638
or Tribe Called Quest
that entered the jazz field.
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00:13:51,711 --> 00:13:55,044
But me, it's almost like
if I was brought up in Memphis.
128
00:13:55,381 --> 00:13:57,372
I grew up on the South Side of Chicago...
129
00:13:57,450 --> 00:14:00,817
and the blues, naturally,
was a huge part of my life.
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00:14:00,887 --> 00:14:03,117
The blues and jazz were both...
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00:14:03,589 --> 00:14:07,047
If it hadn't been for Black Americans...
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00:14:07,126 --> 00:14:10,289
we would be doing the minuet
and dancing on our tippy-toes.
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00:14:10,463 --> 00:14:15,059
I have vivid memories of my uncle...
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00:14:15,835 --> 00:14:17,234
my mother's brother...
135
00:14:17,303 --> 00:14:20,602
and my grandmother's brother,
who's my great-uncle...
136
00:14:21,674 --> 00:14:23,733
humming and singing in the fields.
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00:14:23,809 --> 00:14:26,607
Picking cotton,trying to get them 100 pounds...
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00:14:26,679 --> 00:14:28,943
before you went to the weigh-in scales.
139
00:14:29,182 --> 00:14:31,707
They would just make up songs, like...
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00:14:31,784 --> 00:14:33,251
'"I'm so tired...
141
00:14:33,319 --> 00:14:37,085
'"I'll be so glad when the sun goes down.
142
00:14:37,823 --> 00:14:42,419
'"And when I get home,I just want to lay down my head...
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00:14:42,728 --> 00:14:45,128
'"and sleep until tomorrow. '"
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00:14:46,065 --> 00:14:48,625
John Westbrook was an old Black man...
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00:14:48,701 --> 00:14:50,794
who lived across the field from me.
146
00:14:50,870 --> 00:14:52,667
He worked in the cotton fields...
147
00:14:52,738 --> 00:14:55,206
which, by the way,is the hardest work in the world.
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00:14:55,274 --> 00:14:57,174
One day in the cotton field, he said:
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00:14:57,243 --> 00:15:00,974
"Child, I want you to take
your little fingers and do this."
150
00:15:08,654 --> 00:15:12,055
I said, "Uncle John, do that again."
151
00:15:18,831 --> 00:15:21,959
I hated picking cotton and chopping.
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The sun was so hot. I dreaded those times.
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That's the only thingthat made me change my life.
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I knew that I couldn't do that.
That was something that, as a child...
155
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I knew the beginning of dislike, and hate,
and "cannot do"...
156
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and "don't want to do," and "will not do."
157
00:15:39,518 --> 00:15:41,486
Country music is gospel.
158
00:15:42,088 --> 00:15:46,024
Country music is the soul of the country.
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Let's go back to that word "soul."
It's the soul of country music.
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00:15:49,996 --> 00:15:52,863
When you listen to country music,
you listen to the stories.
161
00:15:52,932 --> 00:15:55,526
You listen to the actual hurt, the real pain.
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I wanted to be
the first singing Black cowboy.
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I never thought about singing.
Never thought I could sing until I heard:
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Back in the Saddle Again.
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00:16:06,779 --> 00:16:08,906
Peace in the Valley and all those songs.
166
00:16:09,081 --> 00:16:12,744
That's why I like country music today.
This is my influence.
167
00:16:12,885 --> 00:16:15,945
This is the beginning
of Hank Ballard's singing career.
168
00:16:16,022 --> 00:16:18,889
Gene Autry, ladies and gentlemen.
I love this man.
169
00:16:18,958 --> 00:16:22,519
I treasure this photo.
I take it everywhere I go, Gene!
170
00:16:23,062 --> 00:16:26,395
Both Keith and I like country music a lot.
171
00:16:29,001 --> 00:16:31,697
It's the same kind of musical form
as blues.
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00:16:32,772 --> 00:16:36,105
I used to like George Jones...
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00:16:38,077 --> 00:16:39,408
Johnny Cash...
174
00:16:40,479 --> 00:16:41,810
Hank Snow...
175
00:16:44,216 --> 00:16:45,410
Hank Williams...
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00:17:09,709 --> 00:17:11,870
I got very interested in Hank Williams...
177
00:17:11,944 --> 00:17:14,640
because I saw him when I was
very young, at the Opry.
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00:17:14,714 --> 00:17:17,911
The Friday Night Frolics, actually,
was the first time I saw him.
179
00:17:17,983 --> 00:17:21,749
And I just thought
the way he approached his singing...
180
00:17:21,821 --> 00:17:25,188
and the rhythms and stuff that he did
astounded me.
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He was not like anything else
that was going on at the time.
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00:17:30,096 --> 00:17:33,395
I remember when I was 18,
I had one Hank Williams record.
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00:17:33,466 --> 00:17:35,934
And I liked it, but it didn't really hit me...
184
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until I was probably 26 or 27.
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00:17:39,972 --> 00:17:43,533
And then I got into everything he did.
186
00:17:51,584 --> 00:17:54,917
The country guys
bred guys like Buddy Holly.
187
00:17:55,221 --> 00:17:57,781
Buddy Holly was a little bit more of a...
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00:17:57,857 --> 00:18:00,917
little sweeter kind of music.
189
00:18:00,993 --> 00:18:04,986
It was the country ballad
with a rock 'n' roll base.
190
00:18:42,301 --> 00:18:44,496
Buddy Holly had
a fantastic effect on people...
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00:18:44,570 --> 00:18:47,801
because he had great guitar technique.
And the songs were good.
192
00:18:47,873 --> 00:18:51,070
I remember learning to play
Rave On, the piano bit in the middle.
193
00:18:53,612 --> 00:18:57,514
And if you could play it,
you felt it was great. It's accessible.
194
00:18:57,583 --> 00:19:00,450
If you can play it,
it means that you're in tune with him.
195
00:19:10,629 --> 00:19:12,995
When you talk about gospel,
gospel is the truth.
196
00:19:13,065 --> 00:19:15,533
And country and western
has always been the truth.
197
00:19:15,601 --> 00:19:20,334
But just because the brogue
or the accent is a little different...
198
00:19:21,106 --> 00:19:23,006
city folk made fun of that.
199
00:19:23,075 --> 00:19:24,303
It's like a fever.
200
00:19:24,743 --> 00:19:27,610
You catch the fever,
and it's like a gospel experience...
201
00:19:27,680 --> 00:19:31,138
when you go into a church
with Black people.
202
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They whip up this choir feeling.
203
00:19:35,654 --> 00:19:38,214
The people in the audience
are right with it.
204
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It's just gospel, know what I mean?
205
00:19:40,259 --> 00:19:42,056
You let loose.
206
00:19:42,261 --> 00:19:44,957
The piano was talking.
The drums was walking.
207
00:19:45,397 --> 00:19:47,262
Everybody was gone.
208
00:19:47,333 --> 00:19:49,358
People shouting all over the place.
209
00:19:49,435 --> 00:19:51,528
And if you didn't understand what it was...
210
00:19:51,604 --> 00:19:53,970
you thought you was
in a rock 'n' roll concert.
211
00:19:54,340 --> 00:19:57,036
That's the way Black gospel was
when I was a boy.
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00:20:28,641 --> 00:20:31,235
We called the church'"the sanctified church. '"
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00:20:59,204 --> 00:21:01,297
And then they had that holler.
214
00:21:02,007 --> 00:21:03,133
And I loved that.
215
00:21:06,879 --> 00:21:09,939
They were just screaming.
I said, "Oh, my Lord."
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00:21:10,716 --> 00:21:12,581
It made my big toe shoot up in my boot.
217
00:21:13,218 --> 00:21:17,655
So music out of the church
has always been my influence.
218
00:21:18,090 --> 00:21:19,853
And even now...
219
00:21:21,093 --> 00:21:24,358
I still say that there's such a fine line...
220
00:21:25,230 --> 00:21:29,291
between gospel and R & B.
221
00:21:30,669 --> 00:21:34,503
Many songs came out of the churchand ended up in the nightclubs...
222
00:21:34,573 --> 00:21:37,041
like
Mama, He Treats Your Daughter Mean.
223
00:21:58,631 --> 00:22:02,863
When you hear Ruth Brown sing,
you know there's some gospel there.
224
00:22:03,268 --> 00:22:07,261
So it involves, you know, automatically...
225
00:22:07,439 --> 00:22:09,202
and you can hear it. You can feel it.
226
00:22:09,274 --> 00:22:12,607
That's what made the character
of rhythm and blues so popular...
227
00:22:12,678 --> 00:22:17,672
because people who had
that spiritual feeling and background...
228
00:22:18,283 --> 00:22:23,243
knew that there was something there
that drew you to that music...
229
00:22:23,322 --> 00:22:25,984
that just made you wanna dance,
made you wanna move.
230
00:22:48,947 --> 00:22:51,074
You know, R & B was a huge fire.
231
00:22:51,150 --> 00:22:53,744
But then you start mixing in the country...
232
00:22:53,819 --> 00:22:57,880
the best of the country,
the sort of really swinging country...
233
00:22:58,824 --> 00:23:01,759
and gospel, can't forget gospel...
234
00:23:02,961 --> 00:23:05,361
and to some extent jazz, I think.
235
00:23:06,065 --> 00:23:10,058
Lionel Hampton and Louis Jordan were
probably the first rock 'n' roll bands...
236
00:23:10,135 --> 00:23:13,263
that were really conscious
of what we call "the big beat."
237
00:23:13,639 --> 00:23:16,039
And it was ironic
because these were both bands...
238
00:23:16,108 --> 00:23:18,599
that had their roots steeped in jazz.
239
00:23:18,677 --> 00:23:21,703
And Louis Jordan was a monster.
240
00:23:22,347 --> 00:23:24,941
All during World War II...
241
00:23:25,150 --> 00:23:27,948
when he did Caldonia and Beware...
242
00:23:28,387 --> 00:23:30,582
and Salt Pork, West Virginia,
Choo-Choo Ch'Boogie.
243
00:23:31,156 --> 00:23:33,716
He did shuffle boogie
and everything else...
244
00:23:33,792 --> 00:23:37,888
with backbeats and everything else
that were all elements of rock 'n' roll.
245
00:23:38,664 --> 00:23:43,192
I think he was really
one of the first crossover artists.
246
00:23:43,268 --> 00:23:46,032
Louis Jordan had a great white following.
247
00:24:23,909 --> 00:24:26,400
Louis Jordan was not only
the first rock 'n' roller...
248
00:24:26,478 --> 00:24:28,412
he was the first rapper.
249
00:24:28,647 --> 00:24:31,275
You got to dig
some of those old Louis Jordan records.
250
00:25:03,115 --> 00:25:06,551
In the mid '40s and early '50s,
there were four major record companies:
251
00:25:06,618 --> 00:25:11,612
RCA-Victor, Columbia Records,
Capitol Records, and Decca Records.
252
00:25:11,690 --> 00:25:15,285
They were all very tightly controllingwhat you heard...
253
00:25:15,360 --> 00:25:17,260
and that was the blandness.
254
00:25:17,329 --> 00:25:20,992
There was a thirstfor different kinds of niche music...
255
00:25:21,066 --> 00:25:23,694
basically what they call '"Race music, '"rhythm and blues.
256
00:25:23,769 --> 00:25:26,363
It was controlled by a handful,and all of a sudden...
257
00:25:26,438 --> 00:25:29,703
they built this interconnected network
of independent distributors.
258
00:25:29,775 --> 00:25:31,504
We could make records in our garage...
259
00:25:31,577 --> 00:25:35,411
ship them out of our trunk,
and become multimillionaires overnight.
260
00:25:35,480 --> 00:25:38,040
That was the fun period.
261
00:25:38,116 --> 00:25:42,143
It was full of imaginative entrepreneurs
who became very wealthy.
262
00:25:42,221 --> 00:25:45,588
Now you had the big corporate types
at RCA and Columbia and so forth...
263
00:25:45,657 --> 00:25:48,023
who were playing the game
according to Hoyle.
264
00:25:48,093 --> 00:25:50,323
These guys weren't gonna
play it that way...
265
00:25:50,395 --> 00:25:52,260
because it was their money on the line.
266
00:25:52,331 --> 00:25:55,357
Their survival depended on
getting their records played and sold.
267
00:25:55,434 --> 00:25:57,800
So they started paying off disc jockeys.
268
00:25:57,870 --> 00:26:00,202
They started off cutting deals
with record stores.
269
00:26:00,272 --> 00:26:01,864
You buy one, you get one free.
270
00:26:01,940 --> 00:26:04,670
They just kicked the hell
out of the major labels.
271
00:26:04,743 --> 00:26:07,837
People like the Chess Brothersstarted Chess Records.
272
00:26:07,913 --> 00:26:12,407
Lew Chudd started lmperial Records.Nathan started King Records...
273
00:26:12,517 --> 00:26:16,920
and Ahmet Ertegun and Jerry Wexlerstarted Atlantic Records.
274
00:26:17,155 --> 00:26:21,251
Nowadays, people have schools
they can go to and study all this music.
275
00:26:21,326 --> 00:26:23,089
But in those days we had records.
276
00:26:23,161 --> 00:26:26,460
All over the world,
people used to collect those records.
277
00:26:26,531 --> 00:26:29,728
The people that we worked with
on Atlantic Records...
278
00:26:29,801 --> 00:26:31,428
for example, were from Turkey.
279
00:26:31,637 --> 00:26:36,233
They came here with a knowledge already
of what was happening here...
280
00:26:36,308 --> 00:26:38,469
because they were able
to get these records.
281
00:26:38,543 --> 00:26:40,977
In those days,
those records were like gold.
282
00:26:42,214 --> 00:26:45,547
Atlantic was a label run by jazz buffsand record collectors.
283
00:26:45,884 --> 00:26:49,479
Two of the company's executives,Ahmet and Nesuhi Ertegun...
284
00:26:49,655 --> 00:26:52,988
were sons of the Turkish ambassadorto the United States.
285
00:26:53,392 --> 00:26:57,385
They called their label '"Atlantic'" for theocean they'd crossed to reach America.
286
00:26:57,462 --> 00:26:59,054
In the '50s, they made records...
287
00:26:59,131 --> 00:27:01,895
with some of the country'smost gifted Black artists.
288
00:27:01,967 --> 00:27:05,664
I felt that I knew
what Black life was in America...
289
00:27:05,737 --> 00:27:09,229
and I knew what Black music
was in America...
290
00:27:09,374 --> 00:27:14,311
and I knew what Black roots
and what Black gospel music...
291
00:27:14,413 --> 00:27:19,316
and Black blues from the Delta
that went on to Chicago...
292
00:27:19,484 --> 00:27:22,681
and the Texas blues
that went on to the West Coast.
293
00:27:22,754 --> 00:27:25,917
I knew what they were,
and I knew all about that...
294
00:27:26,124 --> 00:27:27,785
and I loved all of that.
295
00:27:27,859 --> 00:27:31,317
So in loving America,
I thought I loved something more...
296
00:27:31,396 --> 00:27:33,489
than the average American knew about.
297
00:27:34,299 --> 00:27:38,167
We placed such an emphasis
at Atlantic Records on bel canto...
298
00:27:38,236 --> 00:27:39,567
on great ability...
299
00:27:39,638 --> 00:27:42,232
on a Joe Turner,
who could have been an opera singer...
300
00:27:42,307 --> 00:27:45,674
with that beautiful, great big
rolling, tumbling voice of his.
301
00:28:05,330 --> 00:28:09,733
Big Joe Turner was a man
who could have crossed many lines.
302
00:28:09,801 --> 00:28:13,828
He was a great blues man,
rhythm and blues man...
303
00:28:13,905 --> 00:28:17,204
rock 'n' roll man,
and a reputation in the jazz field.
304
00:28:17,909 --> 00:28:21,436
With a Joe Turner song
like Shake, Rattle and Roll...
305
00:28:21,913 --> 00:28:24,313
and a Louis Jordan song that's rocking...
306
00:28:24,383 --> 00:28:28,444
before you know it, you're putting
rocking and rolling together.
307
00:28:28,520 --> 00:28:30,215
And rockin' and rollin'...
308
00:28:30,288 --> 00:28:34,850
was a not-so-subtle way...
309
00:28:35,027 --> 00:28:36,961
of talking about...
310
00:28:37,496 --> 00:28:40,932
having a good time, dancing,
and sometimes it meant sex.
311
00:29:33,051 --> 00:29:34,484
Thanks to Big Joe Turner...
312
00:29:34,586 --> 00:29:37,248
Atlantic was presentat the creation of rock 'n'roll.
313
00:29:37,556 --> 00:29:41,151
But the label's presiding geniuswas the blind singer and pianist...
314
00:29:41,226 --> 00:29:42,523
Ray Charles...
315
00:29:42,928 --> 00:29:45,556
who blended jazz, gospel, and blues...
316
00:29:45,630 --> 00:29:49,589
into an urbane, yet earthy new styleof Black popular music.
317
00:29:52,404 --> 00:29:56,340
Ray Charles' playing is so superb
and he's just so good.
318
00:29:56,408 --> 00:29:59,639
So I can't pin him down
to just saying this is church or...
319
00:30:00,278 --> 00:30:01,677
Ray does it all.
320
00:30:01,746 --> 00:30:06,376
Ray Charles is without a doubt,
as they say, a genius.
321
00:30:06,518 --> 00:30:08,577
To me, he is even more so.
322
00:30:08,820 --> 00:30:10,788
Ray and I became good friends.
323
00:30:11,623 --> 00:30:13,887
We thought he was something from Mars.
324
00:30:14,292 --> 00:30:16,453
We were 14 years old...
325
00:30:16,862 --> 00:30:19,695
and we were still living at home.
326
00:30:19,764 --> 00:30:22,927
Ray had his own apartment.
He had three suits.
327
00:30:24,102 --> 00:30:27,765
And he had these older girlfriends.
He was unbelievable.
328
00:30:28,707 --> 00:30:31,437
He'd have record players,
electric record players...
329
00:30:31,510 --> 00:30:35,446
and Ray would take them apart,
glass tubes in record players...
330
00:30:35,514 --> 00:30:38,950
and he knew how to take everything apart
and fix it and everything else.
331
00:30:39,017 --> 00:30:41,144
I met him in Austin, Texas...
332
00:30:41,686 --> 00:30:44,951
and I was supposed to be
just the traveling vocalist...
333
00:30:45,023 --> 00:30:46,718
and work with his band.
334
00:30:46,992 --> 00:30:50,894
I'll never forget the first day
when I showed up for rehearsals...
335
00:30:51,296 --> 00:30:54,424
and I raised sand.
I said to my road manager:
336
00:30:54,499 --> 00:30:57,263
"How's he going to play for me?
He's blind."
337
00:30:57,736 --> 00:30:59,601
Because I had all these charts.
338
00:31:00,272 --> 00:31:03,867
And I remember he said to me,
"Don't worry about it."
339
00:31:05,377 --> 00:31:08,642
And the first night
we were together, Austin, Texas...
340
00:31:08,713 --> 00:31:13,309
he played everything that I had done
like he had been in a recording session.
341
00:31:13,518 --> 00:31:18,455
At about 17, he went down to California...
342
00:31:19,724 --> 00:31:22,818
and when he came back,he was so different.
343
00:31:23,261 --> 00:31:27,254
It was just like another person.He was singing different music...
344
00:31:27,332 --> 00:31:29,960
and he was singing the gospel thing then.
345
00:31:30,335 --> 00:31:32,565
It was like he had found this light.
346
00:32:45,243 --> 00:32:48,872
I always wanted The Band to make
a record as good as Ray Charles.
347
00:32:48,980 --> 00:32:52,472
He always made the best records
as far as I was concerned.
348
00:32:53,184 --> 00:32:56,415
He had the best band in town
at the same time.
349
00:32:57,756 --> 00:33:00,452
Anything to do with Ray Charles
was all right.
350
00:33:00,525 --> 00:33:04,621
I remember the first time
I heard Ray Charles sing.
351
00:33:04,696 --> 00:33:05,822
He was singing...
352
00:33:09,534 --> 00:33:11,968
And my mama said, "Now that's a shame.
353
00:33:12,037 --> 00:33:14,938
"That man has taken that gospel song...
354
00:33:15,173 --> 00:33:18,336
"and turned it into the blues."
Because the original lyric was...
355
00:33:23,782 --> 00:33:26,910
And then when she found out
he was blind, she really went off.
356
00:33:26,985 --> 00:33:29,180
Oh, my God. This was sacrilegious.
357
00:33:29,988 --> 00:33:33,685
In Chicago, yet a different styleof Black music evolved.
358
00:33:34,059 --> 00:33:36,789
In search of work,bluesmen throughout the 1940s...
359
00:33:36,861 --> 00:33:38,453
had journeyed north.
360
00:33:38,630 --> 00:33:42,122
In the noisy nightclubsand juke joints of Chicago's South Side...
361
00:33:42,500 --> 00:33:45,094
the harmonica playersand guitarists plugged in...
362
00:33:45,170 --> 00:33:48,105
and producedan electrifying new brand of blues.
363
00:33:49,641 --> 00:33:52,633
Dad would take me downto Maxwell Street...
364
00:33:53,311 --> 00:33:56,838
which was kind of like, I guess,Portobello Road in London or something...
365
00:33:56,915 --> 00:34:01,284
but it'd be street musiciansand just wonderful sounds.
366
00:34:02,887 --> 00:34:04,218
Everything.
367
00:34:04,289 --> 00:34:07,884
Living in Chicago
was quite a rich environment.
368
00:34:08,360 --> 00:34:09,725
Chicago is also a place...
369
00:34:09,794 --> 00:34:12,388
that you learn to play
many different types of music...
370
00:34:12,464 --> 00:34:15,399
because you have jazz clubs, blues clubs.
371
00:34:15,467 --> 00:34:18,493
All the different types of music
are very popular there.
372
00:34:18,937 --> 00:34:21,405
And I got a job at Chess Records.
373
00:34:21,639 --> 00:34:23,834
I was a studio musician, studio drummer.
374
00:34:23,908 --> 00:34:26,877
Working at Chesswas a very interesting time of my life.
375
00:34:26,945 --> 00:34:28,344
Anything could happen.
376
00:34:28,413 --> 00:34:32,611
I remember Bo Diddley because I usedto run into him in the studio all the time.
377
00:34:32,817 --> 00:34:35,115
Leonard Chess loved the blues.
378
00:34:35,186 --> 00:34:38,678
Any time they had a session,
they would call Bo Diddley in...
379
00:34:38,757 --> 00:34:41,658
and Bo Diddley was like an A and R man.
380
00:34:41,726 --> 00:34:43,853
Because he lived in Chicago...
381
00:34:43,928 --> 00:34:48,160
Leonard Chess could not
A and R a session.
382
00:34:48,233 --> 00:34:49,996
They ran the technical side...
383
00:34:50,068 --> 00:34:54,198
but Bo Diddley was really the man
who set down that pattern.
384
00:35:14,259 --> 00:35:16,193
Bo's one of my favorite guitar players.
385
00:35:16,261 --> 00:35:19,697
He only plays one chord,
but I can listen to that for days.
386
00:35:19,764 --> 00:35:21,197
It's just so cool.
387
00:35:35,914 --> 00:35:37,711
Bo Diddley by Bo Diddley.
388
00:35:37,782 --> 00:35:40,512
I remember listening to it
in one of those earphones.
389
00:35:40,585 --> 00:35:43,418
A friend of mine in high school
said, "Have you heard Bo?"
390
00:35:43,488 --> 00:35:45,888
I says, "No." And it changed me.
391
00:35:47,792 --> 00:35:51,728
The beat and the rhythms and the things,
it haunted me.
392
00:35:52,297 --> 00:35:55,733
So I tuned my guitar to G and everything
because of that.
393
00:35:55,800 --> 00:35:58,633
Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis,
Bo Diddley, Fats Domino.
394
00:35:58,703 --> 00:36:01,137
This is like the air we breathe, you know?
395
00:36:01,206 --> 00:36:04,972
As far as I'm concerned,
this is our classical music.
396
00:36:05,310 --> 00:36:09,610
Fats Domino, of course, inspired me...
397
00:36:10,215 --> 00:36:13,673
because he can make
three chords sound so good.
398
00:36:14,152 --> 00:36:17,644
Instead of, like, you know...
399
00:36:17,722 --> 00:36:21,385
He did it in a nice, picturesque way...
400
00:36:21,459 --> 00:36:24,656
as to bring out the beauty
of just three chords...
401
00:36:24,729 --> 00:36:26,663
almost like a blues singer.
402
00:36:26,731 --> 00:36:30,929
But at the same time, an R & B singer.
403
00:37:11,276 --> 00:37:13,039
Boy, when I heard that guy doing that...
404
00:37:13,111 --> 00:37:17,480
Fats and all his trills that he would do,
he was absolutely brilliant.
405
00:37:17,549 --> 00:37:20,211
All guitar players were influenced
by Chuck Berry.
406
00:37:20,285 --> 00:37:23,812
Chuck Berry is one of the founders...
407
00:37:24,255 --> 00:37:28,885
of what came out of rhythm and blues
and became known as rock 'n' roll.
408
00:37:29,027 --> 00:37:30,688
How big an influence?
409
00:37:30,962 --> 00:37:34,398
I don't know, but the first time
I went to go sing a Chuck Berry song...
410
00:37:34,465 --> 00:37:36,990
I'd never tried to sing one...
411
00:37:37,068 --> 00:37:38,865
I realized that I knew all the words...
412
00:37:38,937 --> 00:37:42,395
and I could play it without even
having ever tried to play it before.
413
00:37:42,807 --> 00:37:45,037
I knew when I first heard Maybellene.
414
00:37:45,109 --> 00:37:48,476
I said, "Look out, here is a Black man
that likes country music."
415
00:38:48,339 --> 00:38:51,831
Without a doubt, the greatest poet
in rock 'n' roll would be Chuck Berry.
416
00:38:51,909 --> 00:38:56,312
I always felt that Chuck Berry
was the poet laureate of America.
417
00:38:57,248 --> 00:39:01,810
He probably was the best lyric writerI was ever around...
418
00:39:02,353 --> 00:39:04,981
and he was awesome on the stage as well.
419
00:39:05,056 --> 00:39:08,514
Chuck Berry was an act
you didn't want to try to follow.
420
00:39:08,626 --> 00:39:12,323
When he got out and did his duck walk
with that out-of-tune guitar...
421
00:39:12,397 --> 00:39:15,093
which most of the time it was,
but nobody cared...
422
00:39:15,166 --> 00:39:18,602
the crowd was making more noise
than his guitar was.
423
00:39:18,936 --> 00:39:22,838
Let's go back to who was
the king of rock 'n' roll.
424
00:39:23,474 --> 00:39:26,602
You know, you've often
heard Little Richard...
425
00:39:26,678 --> 00:39:29,841
come on television and say,
"I was the king of rock 'n' roll."
426
00:39:29,914 --> 00:39:31,176
I agree.
427
00:39:31,616 --> 00:39:34,676
I also would like to add
Chuck Berry with it.
428
00:39:34,752 --> 00:39:37,516
But Little Richard was...
429
00:39:37,588 --> 00:39:40,318
the star in that era with rock 'n' roll.
430
00:39:40,625 --> 00:39:43,924
Little Richard was far and awaythe most flamboyant of the performers.
431
00:39:43,995 --> 00:39:47,590
We just thought it wasso against the rules...
432
00:39:47,799 --> 00:39:51,132
that Little Richard
would jump on the piano and dance...
433
00:39:51,202 --> 00:39:54,569
wearing his cape
and that wonderful pencil mustache...
434
00:39:54,639 --> 00:39:57,870
and be so out there,
and we all went crazy.
435
00:39:57,942 --> 00:39:59,375
I danced then.
436
00:39:59,444 --> 00:40:01,674
We'd get up in the balcony
and jump around.
437
00:40:01,746 --> 00:40:03,373
The balcony would shake...
438
00:40:03,448 --> 00:40:05,746
and you'd feel,
"This balcony is gonna crash."
439
00:40:05,817 --> 00:40:08,377
But it's rock 'n' roll,
and we're out there gambling.
440
00:40:39,517 --> 00:40:41,917
Little Richard was Black rock 'n' roll.
441
00:40:41,986 --> 00:40:46,650
I mean, we understand that Little Richard
was Tutti Frutti, Good Golly Miss Molly.
442
00:40:46,724 --> 00:40:49,420
He was all those things
that everybody else wanted to be.
443
00:40:49,494 --> 00:40:51,519
He was our Elvis Presley.
444
00:41:13,351 --> 00:41:15,216
I think of Little Richard...
445
00:41:15,286 --> 00:41:19,848
washing dishes in the bus station
in Macon, Georgia...
446
00:41:21,025 --> 00:41:24,119
and he knows that he's going to make it.
447
00:41:24,195 --> 00:41:27,756
He made it out of that kitchen
and into the history books.
448
00:41:28,299 --> 00:41:30,961
That is great. His records are great.
449
00:41:31,068 --> 00:41:33,798
They still sound great. They always will.
450
00:41:33,871 --> 00:41:38,467
Black people, they drew
out of their community...
451
00:41:38,543 --> 00:41:41,535
this powerful, emotional, majestic thing...
452
00:41:41,612 --> 00:41:45,981
called Black gospel music,
and jazz, and blues.
453
00:41:46,050 --> 00:41:49,986
All those elements combined,
played a part...
454
00:41:50,054 --> 00:41:52,682
in forming rhythm and blues.
455
00:41:52,790 --> 00:41:55,588
And later, as the whites
were attracted to it...
456
00:41:55,693 --> 00:41:59,288
it began to be known as rock 'n' roll.
457
00:41:59,897 --> 00:42:01,922
Rock 'n' roll is a misnomer.
458
00:42:02,300 --> 00:42:04,860
There's no such music as rock 'n' roll.
459
00:42:06,003 --> 00:42:10,906
Rock 'n' roll was something
that, just out of necessity...
460
00:42:12,977 --> 00:42:14,968
was termed rock 'n' roll.
461
00:42:15,346 --> 00:42:18,144
There was a manby the name of Alan Freed...
462
00:42:18,216 --> 00:42:22,209
who started playingrhythm and blues music...
463
00:42:22,453 --> 00:42:26,514
after the classical music stationwent off the air in Cleveland, Ohio.
464
00:42:27,024 --> 00:42:28,457
Hi, everybody. How y'all?
465
00:42:28,526 --> 00:42:32,292
This is yours truly Alan Freed
welcoming you to The Big Beat on radio.
466
00:42:32,597 --> 00:42:34,428
Every night at 10:00.
467
00:42:34,498 --> 00:42:36,898
He called the show The Moon Dog Show.
468
00:42:37,368 --> 00:42:41,361
He came to New York andthere was an old beggar, a panhandler...
469
00:42:41,439 --> 00:42:44,135
in this townby the name of The Moon Dog.
470
00:42:44,275 --> 00:42:47,438
So Alan Freed couldn't call his show
The Moon Dog Show anymore...
471
00:42:47,511 --> 00:42:50,912
because the old panhandler sued himabout the name.
472
00:42:51,549 --> 00:42:54,245
So in a hurry to come up with a name...
473
00:42:54,518 --> 00:42:58,614
bottom line was he decided that hewas gonna call it The Rock and Roll Show.
474
00:42:58,956 --> 00:43:03,256
I think that Alan Freed is important
in the history of rock 'n' roll...
475
00:43:04,695 --> 00:43:09,155
and I think I understand maybe
a little bit why the other faction...
476
00:43:09,567 --> 00:43:12,695
that doesn't want to acknowledge that,
wants to discard him.
477
00:43:12,770 --> 00:43:16,866
It's hard to allow a disc jockey...
478
00:43:16,941 --> 00:43:19,739
to walk off
with that mantle of importance.
479
00:43:20,311 --> 00:43:23,644
He didn't write, sing, or arrange anything.
480
00:43:23,714 --> 00:43:25,909
He got on the air and played some records.
481
00:43:25,983 --> 00:43:28,850
When you're on in New York
at night in winter...
482
00:43:28,953 --> 00:43:32,047
there's mystery, there's romance...
483
00:43:32,123 --> 00:43:34,318
there's danger in the air.
484
00:43:34,392 --> 00:43:36,360
And that's what Alan Freed projected.
485
00:43:36,427 --> 00:43:38,827
Now, Alan claims he started rock 'n' roll.
486
00:43:38,896 --> 00:43:41,490
Alan did not start rock 'n' roll...
487
00:43:41,565 --> 00:43:44,796
but he was the disc jockey.
He coined the phrase.
488
00:43:45,169 --> 00:43:49,936
It was real odd because
we were listening to rhythm and blues...
489
00:43:50,007 --> 00:43:54,501
and we knew the original artists:
Fats Domino and Little Richard...
490
00:43:54,612 --> 00:43:56,273
would rip it up.
491
00:43:56,347 --> 00:44:01,250
And then the white artist would cover it,
and it was...
492
00:44:01,319 --> 00:44:03,719
We didn't know each other at the time...
493
00:44:03,788 --> 00:44:06,279
but it was really frustrating...
494
00:44:06,357 --> 00:44:09,451
to know the real record and then hear...
495
00:44:09,527 --> 00:44:11,256
I mean, God love Pat Boone.
496
00:44:11,329 --> 00:44:14,856
Anybody can have
a hit record, God bless them.
497
00:44:14,932 --> 00:44:18,459
But it just was real weird...
498
00:44:19,070 --> 00:44:21,368
that that went on.
499
00:44:21,439 --> 00:44:23,236
There was at that time...
500
00:44:23,307 --> 00:44:25,969
an absolute wall...
501
00:44:26,243 --> 00:44:29,974
an impenetrable wall
between pop and R & B.
502
00:44:30,047 --> 00:44:32,242
There were R & B stations,
there were R & B artists...
503
00:44:32,316 --> 00:44:34,978
there was R & B music
but it was not gonna get played...
504
00:44:35,052 --> 00:44:37,520
in its original form on pop stations.
505
00:44:37,688 --> 00:44:39,815
It was just too ragged and too...
506
00:44:39,890 --> 00:44:44,327
In some cases,
it was a little suggestive or more.
507
00:44:44,462 --> 00:44:46,487
Sometimes even explicit.
508
00:44:46,564 --> 00:44:48,088
Now, Pat Boone...
509
00:44:48,165 --> 00:44:50,827
here was a white guy
that took my music...
510
00:44:50,901 --> 00:44:53,836
and made my hit,
and this was my chance...
511
00:44:53,904 --> 00:44:55,667
to be a big star...
512
00:44:55,740 --> 00:44:59,733
and he shortcut me
and going to outsell me...
513
00:45:00,845 --> 00:45:03,712
which he did with my song that I wrote.
514
00:45:04,882 --> 00:45:08,511
You understand me?
But by him singing it...
515
00:45:08,586 --> 00:45:12,420
he really made it bigger
and made me bigger...
516
00:45:12,490 --> 00:45:15,084
but at the time, I didn't feel that way.
517
00:46:27,998 --> 00:46:29,590
Rock 'n' roll...
518
00:46:31,168 --> 00:46:34,103
is the greatest music that's ever been...
519
00:46:34,171 --> 00:46:35,570
and ever will be.
520
00:46:36,974 --> 00:46:39,169
Whether it was taken from gospel roots...
521
00:46:39,243 --> 00:46:41,768
or whether it was taken
from rhythm and blues roots...
522
00:46:41,846 --> 00:46:45,976
or black roots, red roots,
blue roots, or whatever roots...
523
00:46:46,083 --> 00:46:48,142
rock 'n' roll is rock 'n' roll.
524
00:46:48,419 --> 00:46:51,911
Bill Haley started
as Bill Haley and the Saddlemen...
525
00:46:52,223 --> 00:46:54,714
a country band in Chester, Pennsylvania.
526
00:46:57,695 --> 00:47:00,220
He was one of the creators of rockabilly...
527
00:47:00,831 --> 00:47:04,733
and it goes way back
to '54, '53, on Essex Records.
528
00:47:04,802 --> 00:47:08,704
All of those wonderful precursors
of rock 'n' roll. Kids loved it.
529
00:47:08,772 --> 00:47:12,606
Bill Haley was country to the bone.
530
00:47:12,676 --> 00:47:14,667
He was really a country guy...
531
00:47:14,745 --> 00:47:18,112
who had the saxophone...
532
00:47:18,182 --> 00:47:22,118
and had that great record.
533
00:47:22,186 --> 00:47:26,919
He had many, but Rock Around the Clock
was a pattern-setter, let's face it.
534
00:48:05,095 --> 00:48:08,258
I think one of the attractions of Bill Haley
was that he was...
535
00:48:08,365 --> 00:48:12,734
Apart from the great music
and the new style of energy...
536
00:48:12,803 --> 00:48:16,364
was that he seemed to be one of us.
He seemed to be a normal guy.
537
00:48:17,241 --> 00:48:19,334
Even though
he had this funny curl and stuff...
538
00:48:19,410 --> 00:48:21,071
and he was a little overweight maybe.
539
00:48:21,145 --> 00:48:23,579
I specifically rememberseeing Blackboard Jungle...
540
00:48:23,647 --> 00:48:27,481
and going down the stairs in the cinemain Manchester, where I lived...
541
00:48:27,818 --> 00:48:31,481
and seeing all the Teddy boystearing up seats in the cinema...
542
00:48:31,555 --> 00:48:34,820
and seeing people turn fire hoses on them.
543
00:48:34,892 --> 00:48:36,757
It was quite wild.
544
00:48:36,827 --> 00:48:39,557
I think he was more popular in Englandthan he was here.
545
00:48:39,630 --> 00:48:41,860
He was a god in England.
546
00:48:41,932 --> 00:48:46,198
I didn't see that kind of energyuntil later when the Beatles first hit.
547
00:48:46,770 --> 00:48:49,261
There was somethingabout Bill Haley that was...
548
00:48:49,340 --> 00:48:52,673
very close to our heartsand yet very unattainable.
549
00:48:53,777 --> 00:48:56,746
I have in my wallet...
550
00:48:59,283 --> 00:49:02,684
There's my ticket
for the Bill Haley show in 1958...
551
00:49:02,753 --> 00:49:06,382
at the Palace Theatre in Manchester
that changed my life.
552
00:49:07,424 --> 00:49:09,858
So when Elvis Presley came on the scene...
553
00:49:09,927 --> 00:49:13,055
the only thing I can say
is that he did it right.
554
00:49:13,397 --> 00:49:15,695
He did it good, you know.
555
00:49:16,166 --> 00:49:17,997
And again, where Elvis was concerned...
556
00:49:18,102 --> 00:49:21,037
there was no color linebecause everybody liked his music.
557
00:49:21,105 --> 00:49:25,064
And Elvis Presley waswhat they were looking for...
558
00:49:25,142 --> 00:49:29,044
to get that music not necessarilyaccepted, because it had already been...
559
00:49:29,113 --> 00:49:33,072
but permissible for the white kidsto listen to openly.
560
00:49:33,717 --> 00:49:37,175
People are amazed at Elvis,at his influence. I'm not.
561
00:49:37,421 --> 00:49:40,549
And, honey, it didn't come
just from his music.
562
00:49:42,092 --> 00:49:44,822
It came from what he could say...
563
00:49:44,895 --> 00:49:48,922
in just the little innuendoes of his voice.
564
00:49:50,701 --> 00:49:55,502
He could do things that had to be
something other than carnal.
565
00:49:55,639 --> 00:49:58,938
It had to be a spiritual communication.
566
00:49:59,009 --> 00:50:03,378
I listened to it, to where he was
coming from when he was singing it...
567
00:50:03,447 --> 00:50:05,074
and where the band were coming from...
568
00:50:05,149 --> 00:50:07,447
and the way thatthey were playing and swinging...
569
00:50:07,518 --> 00:50:10,316
and the way Presley was taking...
570
00:50:10,387 --> 00:50:14,187
all that white poor-boyTupelo, Mississippi guy...
571
00:50:14,591 --> 00:50:16,149
and all the radio he'd heard...
572
00:50:16,226 --> 00:50:19,821
Arthur Crudup, The Ink Spots,all that stuff is in his voice.
573
00:50:19,897 --> 00:50:23,799
Elvis was so crucial.
574
00:50:23,867 --> 00:50:26,097
I remember...
575
00:50:26,170 --> 00:50:29,367
writing arrangements for Tommy Dorsey...
576
00:50:29,440 --> 00:50:31,408
on the Saturday Night Bandstand...
577
00:50:31,475 --> 00:50:34,035
which was the replacement
for Jackie Gleason...
578
00:50:34,111 --> 00:50:36,602
and one night...
579
00:50:37,781 --> 00:50:41,774
this little kid came from Memphisand sang on the show.
580
00:50:41,852 --> 00:50:44,116
The band was pissed off, you know...
581
00:50:44,188 --> 00:50:47,555
and they couldn't play with each otheror get into it at all...
582
00:50:47,624 --> 00:50:49,353
and Tommy and Jimmy Dorseyhad the band.
583
00:50:49,426 --> 00:50:52,953
I remember Sam Phillips said,'"We'll send for the band from Memphis. '"
584
00:50:53,030 --> 00:50:56,466
They came back up,
and Elvis played on that show.
585
00:50:56,533 --> 00:50:57,693
And Tommy was upset.
586
00:50:57,768 --> 00:51:01,397
He said, "Man, this dude,
he'll be out of here tomorrow."
587
00:51:01,839 --> 00:51:05,002
And two days later,
they got 8,000 letters...
588
00:51:05,075 --> 00:51:06,235
and it was over.
589
00:51:06,310 --> 00:51:09,336
Three or four weeks later,
he played on the Sullivan Show...
590
00:51:09,413 --> 00:51:12,644
and Elvis was on that show,
the Saturday Night Bandstand...
591
00:51:12,716 --> 00:51:14,206
until it closed, you know.
592
00:51:34,972 --> 00:51:38,669
See, in white society,
movement of the butt, shaking of the leg...
593
00:51:38,742 --> 00:51:41,176
all that was considered obscene
for white folks.
594
00:51:41,245 --> 00:51:43,270
Now here's this white boy...
595
00:51:43,347 --> 00:51:44,974
up there grinding...
596
00:51:45,048 --> 00:51:48,711
rolling his belly,and shaking that notorious leg.
597
00:51:49,853 --> 00:51:52,185
I hadn't even seenthe Black dudes doing that.
598
00:51:52,256 --> 00:51:55,419
Elvis had some movementsI had never witnessed.
599
00:51:55,526 --> 00:51:57,756
One time I wentto a country music show...
600
00:51:57,828 --> 00:52:01,559
at Baton Rouge High School,
and there was a guy in this pink suit...
601
00:52:01,632 --> 00:52:03,691
with a guitar player and a bass player...
602
00:52:03,767 --> 00:52:06,736
and it was Elvis singing
Blue Moon of Kentucky.
603
00:52:06,804 --> 00:52:11,070
I remember going with my friend
back behind the auditorium...
604
00:52:11,141 --> 00:52:14,577
after the show and standingnext to this guy, going:
605
00:52:14,645 --> 00:52:16,909
'"Wow, this guy is really cool. '"
606
00:52:39,470 --> 00:52:42,701
Elvis, he was rock 'n' roll.
607
00:52:43,540 --> 00:52:46,236
That's rock 'n' roll, you know?
608
00:52:46,310 --> 00:52:49,905
Rock 'n' roll, really, I can get down
to about six or seven people.
609
00:52:52,349 --> 00:52:55,750
But he was above it all.
610
00:52:55,819 --> 00:52:57,684
He was rock 'n' roll.
611
00:53:00,684 --> 00:53:04,684
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