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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:43,597 --> 00:00:47,597 www.titlovi.com 2 00:00:50,597 --> 00:00:52,531 Rock 'n' roll music. 3 00:00:54,101 --> 00:00:57,798 It was the single thing that was able to reach down, communicate... 4 00:00:58,372 --> 00:01:01,830 and give you a sense of the world outside. 5 00:01:01,975 --> 00:01:05,877 It's not even recognizable as the same thing that people called... 6 00:01:05,946 --> 00:01:07,607 "this rock 'n' roll that won't survive." 7 00:01:08,048 --> 00:01:12,314 Mystery and mischief are the two most important ingredients in rock 'n' roll. 8 00:01:42,849 --> 00:01:46,580 This great music we've discovered, this great music which is still growing... 9 00:01:46,653 --> 00:01:51,022 which now you can write songs about what's really happening deep inside you... 10 00:01:51,091 --> 00:01:53,252 and what's happening around you in the world... 11 00:01:53,326 --> 00:01:56,386 can also sound extraordinary. 12 00:01:56,663 --> 00:01:59,791 There's no reason why it shouldn't sound as good... 13 00:02:00,066 --> 00:02:04,833 as Mozart, or Beethoven, or a great Ellington gig. 14 00:02:22,289 --> 00:02:26,123 People let bands change them in their lifestyle. 15 00:02:26,193 --> 00:02:29,492 There's people who listen to music ritually. 16 00:02:29,563 --> 00:02:33,363 "God, I need to listen to Metallica when I wake up. It's my coffee." 17 00:02:33,433 --> 00:02:34,957 Or something like that. 18 00:02:35,035 --> 00:02:37,765 There's people that just flip on the radio... 19 00:02:37,838 --> 00:02:39,328 and just... as they go to work. 20 00:02:39,673 --> 00:02:43,040 Rock 'n' roll is fun. It's full of energy. It's full of laughter. 21 00:02:43,109 --> 00:02:44,201 It's naughty. 22 00:03:29,990 --> 00:03:31,082 Music is like sex. 23 00:03:31,157 --> 00:03:34,354 You spend more time talking about it than you actually do doing it. 24 00:03:36,596 --> 00:03:38,530 Jazz was for the brain. 25 00:03:38,598 --> 00:03:42,694 And blues, rhythm and blues, and rock 'n' roll... 26 00:03:43,036 --> 00:03:45,129 was from the groin, from the belly. 27 00:03:45,238 --> 00:03:48,139 Between wanting to make money and wanting to meet women... 28 00:03:48,208 --> 00:03:50,540 is why we got into rock 'n' roll in the first place. 29 00:03:50,610 --> 00:03:53,135 We loved music. We wanted to express ourselves. 30 00:03:53,213 --> 00:03:56,410 But anyone who says he didn't get into rock to get laid is lying. 31 00:03:56,750 --> 00:03:59,685 In the '90s, we've had time to look and inspect... 32 00:04:01,821 --> 00:04:05,222 and analyze everything and be influenced by everything. 33 00:04:05,292 --> 00:04:08,728 There's not a whole lot of pioneering going on right this minute. 34 00:04:08,795 --> 00:04:11,263 The pioneering went on earlier. 35 00:04:38,858 --> 00:04:40,985 There's nothing but rhythm and blues. 36 00:04:41,061 --> 00:04:43,461 That "R" and "B" stands for Real Black. 37 00:04:43,964 --> 00:04:45,727 Rock 'n' roll is rock 'n' roll. 38 00:04:46,933 --> 00:04:49,493 And you're not going to beat rock 'n' roll music. 39 00:04:49,569 --> 00:04:51,469 If you do, I want to hear it. 40 00:04:51,871 --> 00:04:55,136 Juvenile delinquents played rock 'n' roll in the '50s... 41 00:04:55,208 --> 00:04:56,766 and wore leather jackets. 42 00:04:57,010 --> 00:04:58,773 In the '60s, hippies played it. 43 00:04:58,878 --> 00:05:01,472 In the '70s, there was juvenile delinquents... 44 00:05:01,548 --> 00:05:04,142 but that was an old word, so they used "punk." 45 00:05:04,517 --> 00:05:07,782 Then they cleaned it up with new wave and put a tie on... 46 00:05:08,121 --> 00:05:10,521 but it's all about music and songs... 47 00:05:10,790 --> 00:05:12,815 and what songs are popular to people at the time. 48 00:05:13,159 --> 00:05:15,889 You roll with it. You rock with it. You move it. 49 00:05:15,996 --> 00:05:18,260 You feel it. And you believe in it. 50 00:05:18,598 --> 00:05:21,396 Rock 'n' roll is a commitment. 51 00:05:22,435 --> 00:05:24,403 Rock 'n' roll is passion... 52 00:05:25,672 --> 00:05:26,661 and spirit. 53 00:06:07,280 --> 00:06:11,580 If I defined rock 'n' roll, it would be freedom and rebellion. 54 00:06:11,818 --> 00:06:13,342 It's what it's all about. 55 00:06:13,420 --> 00:06:17,447 It's performing that which you feel strongly about... 56 00:06:17,757 --> 00:06:20,351 to other people, because the songs just come alive then. 57 00:06:20,427 --> 00:06:22,054 That's when they live and breathe. 58 00:06:22,128 --> 00:06:25,222 And rock 'n' roll is something that's hardcore, rough... 59 00:06:25,298 --> 00:06:27,994 and wild, and sweaty, and wet, and just loose. 60 00:06:40,380 --> 00:06:44,339 I think there needs to be a certain amount of outlaw to rock 'n' roll. 61 00:06:44,451 --> 00:06:48,444 And at that time, we were at that age where we really were those outlaws. 62 00:06:48,788 --> 00:06:52,747 If we had been in the Old West, we would have been bank robbers, I'm sure. 63 00:06:52,859 --> 00:06:56,226 But luckily there was music around, so we ended up being musicians. 64 00:06:56,730 --> 00:06:59,858 Rock music is high-velocity folk music. 65 00:06:59,933 --> 00:07:04,199 It is our life and times, but with fury and some passion. 66 00:08:19,179 --> 00:08:21,272 Rock 'n'roll is such a strong medium... 67 00:08:21,347 --> 00:08:24,316 that it's almost too good. 68 00:08:24,384 --> 00:08:27,444 It's forced to keep itself alive in any way, shape, or form. 69 00:08:27,520 --> 00:08:30,318 It does that through its agelessness... 70 00:08:31,991 --> 00:08:34,858 its capabilities of being so euphoric... 71 00:08:34,928 --> 00:08:39,092 that it can get anybody stoned and caught and brought into its web. 72 00:08:39,599 --> 00:08:43,626 To tell you the truth, that's what I think drives the greatest music: 73 00:08:44,103 --> 00:08:45,968 Simplicity and truth. 74 00:08:46,372 --> 00:08:49,535 It's a threat, really. I think that's really the key of it. 75 00:08:49,709 --> 00:08:53,475 Most kids hate their parents' artists... 76 00:08:53,546 --> 00:08:55,707 their big sisters' and brothers' artists. 77 00:08:56,716 --> 00:08:59,549 They want to get away from that more than anything. 78 00:09:27,380 --> 00:09:29,177 It's supposed to shake you... 79 00:09:29,249 --> 00:09:33,242 out of your establishment place and say: 80 00:09:33,353 --> 00:09:35,321 "Gee, I really don't understand that." 81 00:09:35,388 --> 00:09:38,721 Exactly. That's the point. You're not supposed to. 82 00:09:38,791 --> 00:09:41,191 This is the next generation taking over. 83 00:09:41,327 --> 00:09:44,956 And I can remember the same exact words that they're saying... 84 00:09:45,098 --> 00:09:48,158 that I hear a lot of my contemporaries saying, like: 85 00:09:48,568 --> 00:09:52,129 "That's not music. There's no melody. And there's no words." 86 00:09:52,272 --> 00:09:55,867 Rock 'n' roll started out on a corner of the street, just like hip-hop. 87 00:09:55,942 --> 00:09:57,569 A few Black people get together. 88 00:09:59,312 --> 00:10:00,677 It's devil music. 89 00:10:01,180 --> 00:10:02,545 About every 10 years... 90 00:10:02,982 --> 00:10:05,917 everything breaks down to the lowest common denominator... 91 00:10:06,152 --> 00:10:09,144 and then it builds back up to the same old shit. 92 00:10:09,222 --> 00:10:12,191 But the only thing that survives is rock 'n' roll. 93 00:10:12,659 --> 00:10:14,752 You're talking about music... 94 00:10:15,128 --> 00:10:19,531 that was bred from Africa to the Black Church... 95 00:10:19,599 --> 00:10:22,500 and over to gospel, which turned into blues... 96 00:10:22,568 --> 00:10:24,263 and jazz and country music. 97 00:10:24,337 --> 00:10:27,534 And it cross-pollinates, and that's the way it ought to be. 98 00:10:27,740 --> 00:10:28,729 That's how it started. 99 00:10:29,442 --> 00:10:32,002 It's only now, later on, that I look back and say: 100 00:10:32,178 --> 00:10:36,205 "I didn't start listening to music in 1956. I was listening to it in 1946." 101 00:10:37,617 --> 00:10:40,586 Without even me knowing it. I was listening to my mom's stuff. 102 00:10:40,653 --> 00:10:42,985 Whatever she wanted to hear, I had to hear. 103 00:10:43,556 --> 00:10:46,184 And so I was brought up on a lot of very good jazz... 104 00:10:46,259 --> 00:10:48,750 a lot of good vocalists, and good guitar players. 105 00:10:48,828 --> 00:10:52,457 And if you turn out to be a musician, anything you've ever heard... 106 00:10:53,032 --> 00:10:54,590 comes out in what you play. 107 00:10:54,901 --> 00:10:58,894 You only need a few geniuses and great musicians here and there. 108 00:10:58,972 --> 00:11:00,906 That's enough to play it. 109 00:11:01,307 --> 00:11:03,775 The real beauty and art in music is listening to it. 110 00:11:42,215 --> 00:11:44,649 In a way, Muddy Waters was the focus... 111 00:11:47,720 --> 00:11:52,623 perhaps of all the good things about that Chicago Blues era. 112 00:11:53,092 --> 00:11:56,323 He had a great voice. He was an interesting guitar player. 113 00:11:56,396 --> 00:11:58,864 He used to play harmonica. He had a wonderful band. 114 00:11:58,931 --> 00:12:01,422 He was a big influence for me. 115 00:12:01,501 --> 00:12:03,765 I knew him before The Rolling Stones existed. 116 00:12:41,974 --> 00:12:43,566 He meant a great deal to me... 117 00:12:43,643 --> 00:12:47,340 and his music still does, probably more than anybody else's. 118 00:12:47,413 --> 00:12:50,849 I don't know why. It was the first, really, that got to me... 119 00:12:50,917 --> 00:12:54,512 and it still is the most important music in my life today: 120 00:12:54,587 --> 00:12:56,521 The music of Muddy Waters. 121 00:13:32,925 --> 00:13:36,656 Everything that I have heard in my life is rooted in the blues... 122 00:13:37,563 --> 00:13:39,861 except Johann Sebastian Bach. 123 00:13:40,900 --> 00:13:44,859 I'm a big blues fan. I'm more of a blues fan than a jazz fan. 124 00:13:44,937 --> 00:13:47,405 A lot of people might say, "You must be into jazz." 125 00:13:47,473 --> 00:13:49,338 No, that's somebody like Gang Starr... 126 00:13:49,408 --> 00:13:51,638 or Tribe Called Quest that entered the jazz field. 127 00:13:51,711 --> 00:13:55,044 But me, it's almost like if I was brought up in Memphis. 128 00:13:55,381 --> 00:13:57,372 I grew up on the South Side of Chicago... 129 00:13:57,450 --> 00:14:00,817 and the blues, naturally, was a huge part of my life. 130 00:14:00,887 --> 00:14:03,117 The blues and jazz were both... 131 00:14:03,589 --> 00:14:07,047 If it hadn't been for Black Americans... 132 00:14:07,126 --> 00:14:10,289 we would be doing the minuet and dancing on our tippy-toes. 133 00:14:10,463 --> 00:14:15,059 I have vivid memories of my uncle... 134 00:14:15,835 --> 00:14:17,234 my mother's brother... 135 00:14:17,303 --> 00:14:20,602 and my grandmother's brother, who's my great-uncle... 136 00:14:21,674 --> 00:14:23,733 humming and singing in the fields. 137 00:14:23,809 --> 00:14:26,607 Picking cotton, trying to get them 100 pounds... 138 00:14:26,679 --> 00:14:28,943 before you went to the weigh-in scales. 139 00:14:29,182 --> 00:14:31,707 They would just make up songs, like... 140 00:14:31,784 --> 00:14:33,251 '"I'm so tired... 141 00:14:33,319 --> 00:14:37,085 '"I'll be so glad when the sun goes down. 142 00:14:37,823 --> 00:14:42,419 '"And when I get home, I just want to lay down my head... 143 00:14:42,728 --> 00:14:45,128 '"and sleep until tomorrow. '" 144 00:14:46,065 --> 00:14:48,625 John Westbrook was an old Black man... 145 00:14:48,701 --> 00:14:50,794 who lived across the field from me. 146 00:14:50,870 --> 00:14:52,667 He worked in the cotton fields... 147 00:14:52,738 --> 00:14:55,206 which, by the way, is the hardest work in the world. 148 00:14:55,274 --> 00:14:57,174 One day in the cotton field, he said: 149 00:14:57,243 --> 00:15:00,974 "Child, I want you to take your little fingers and do this." 150 00:15:08,654 --> 00:15:12,055 I said, "Uncle John, do that again." 151 00:15:18,831 --> 00:15:21,959 I hated picking cotton and chopping. 152 00:15:22,902 --> 00:15:26,201 The sun was so hot. I dreaded those times. 153 00:15:26,272 --> 00:15:28,900 That's the only thing that made me change my life. 154 00:15:28,975 --> 00:15:32,376 I knew that I couldn't do that. That was something that, as a child... 155 00:15:32,445 --> 00:15:35,608 I knew the beginning of dislike, and hate, and "cannot do"... 156 00:15:35,881 --> 00:15:38,441 and "don't want to do," and "will not do." 157 00:15:39,518 --> 00:15:41,486 Country music is gospel. 158 00:15:42,088 --> 00:15:46,024 Country music is the soul of the country. 159 00:15:46,659 --> 00:15:49,924 Let's go back to that word "soul." It's the soul of country music. 160 00:15:49,996 --> 00:15:52,863 When you listen to country music, you listen to the stories. 161 00:15:52,932 --> 00:15:55,526 You listen to the actual hurt, the real pain. 162 00:15:55,735 --> 00:15:58,704 I wanted to be the first singing Black cowboy. 163 00:15:59,705 --> 00:16:03,698 I never thought about singing. Never thought I could sing until I heard: 164 00:16:03,776 --> 00:16:06,472 Back in the Saddle Again. 165 00:16:06,779 --> 00:16:08,906 Peace in the Valley and all those songs. 166 00:16:09,081 --> 00:16:12,744 That's why I like country music today. This is my influence. 167 00:16:12,885 --> 00:16:15,945 This is the beginning of Hank Ballard's singing career. 168 00:16:16,022 --> 00:16:18,889 Gene Autry, ladies and gentlemen. I love this man. 169 00:16:18,958 --> 00:16:22,519 I treasure this photo. I take it everywhere I go, Gene! 170 00:16:23,062 --> 00:16:26,395 Both Keith and I like country music a lot. 171 00:16:29,001 --> 00:16:31,697 It's the same kind of musical form as blues. 172 00:16:32,772 --> 00:16:36,105 I used to like George Jones... 173 00:16:38,077 --> 00:16:39,408 Johnny Cash... 174 00:16:40,479 --> 00:16:41,810 Hank Snow... 175 00:16:44,216 --> 00:16:45,410 Hank Williams... 176 00:17:09,709 --> 00:17:11,870 I got very interested in Hank Williams... 177 00:17:11,944 --> 00:17:14,640 because I saw him when I was very young, at the Opry. 178 00:17:14,714 --> 00:17:17,911 The Friday Night Frolics, actually, was the first time I saw him. 179 00:17:17,983 --> 00:17:21,749 And I just thought the way he approached his singing... 180 00:17:21,821 --> 00:17:25,188 and the rhythms and stuff that he did astounded me. 181 00:17:26,359 --> 00:17:29,192 He was not like anything else that was going on at the time. 182 00:17:30,096 --> 00:17:33,395 I remember when I was 18, I had one Hank Williams record. 183 00:17:33,466 --> 00:17:35,934 And I liked it, but it didn't really hit me... 184 00:17:36,001 --> 00:17:39,903 until I was probably 26 or 27. 185 00:17:39,972 --> 00:17:43,533 And then I got into everything he did. 186 00:17:51,584 --> 00:17:54,917 The country guys bred guys like Buddy Holly. 187 00:17:55,221 --> 00:17:57,781 Buddy Holly was a little bit more of a... 188 00:17:57,857 --> 00:18:00,917 little sweeter kind of music. 189 00:18:00,993 --> 00:18:04,986 It was the country ballad with a rock 'n' roll base. 190 00:18:42,301 --> 00:18:44,496 Buddy Holly had a fantastic effect on people... 191 00:18:44,570 --> 00:18:47,801 because he had great guitar technique. And the songs were good. 192 00:18:47,873 --> 00:18:51,070 I remember learning to play Rave On, the piano bit in the middle. 193 00:18:53,612 --> 00:18:57,514 And if you could play it, you felt it was great. It's accessible. 194 00:18:57,583 --> 00:19:00,450 If you can play it, it means that you're in tune with him. 195 00:19:10,629 --> 00:19:12,995 When you talk about gospel, gospel is the truth. 196 00:19:13,065 --> 00:19:15,533 And country and western has always been the truth. 197 00:19:15,601 --> 00:19:20,334 But just because the brogue or the accent is a little different... 198 00:19:21,106 --> 00:19:23,006 city folk made fun of that. 199 00:19:23,075 --> 00:19:24,303 It's like a fever. 200 00:19:24,743 --> 00:19:27,610 You catch the fever, and it's like a gospel experience... 201 00:19:27,680 --> 00:19:31,138 when you go into a church with Black people. 202 00:19:31,884 --> 00:19:35,513 They whip up this choir feeling. 203 00:19:35,654 --> 00:19:38,214 The people in the audience are right with it. 204 00:19:38,290 --> 00:19:40,190 It's just gospel, know what I mean? 205 00:19:40,259 --> 00:19:42,056 You let loose. 206 00:19:42,261 --> 00:19:44,957 The piano was talking. The drums was walking. 207 00:19:45,397 --> 00:19:47,262 Everybody was gone. 208 00:19:47,333 --> 00:19:49,358 People shouting all over the place. 209 00:19:49,435 --> 00:19:51,528 And if you didn't understand what it was... 210 00:19:51,604 --> 00:19:53,970 you thought you was in a rock 'n' roll concert. 211 00:19:54,340 --> 00:19:57,036 That's the way Black gospel was when I was a boy. 212 00:20:28,641 --> 00:20:31,235 We called the church '"the sanctified church. '" 213 00:20:59,204 --> 00:21:01,297 And then they had that holler. 214 00:21:02,007 --> 00:21:03,133 And I loved that. 215 00:21:06,879 --> 00:21:09,939 They were just screaming. I said, "Oh, my Lord." 216 00:21:10,716 --> 00:21:12,581 It made my big toe shoot up in my boot. 217 00:21:13,218 --> 00:21:17,655 So music out of the church has always been my influence. 218 00:21:18,090 --> 00:21:19,853 And even now... 219 00:21:21,093 --> 00:21:24,358 I still say that there's such a fine line... 220 00:21:25,230 --> 00:21:29,291 between gospel and R & B. 221 00:21:30,669 --> 00:21:34,503 Many songs came out of the church and ended up in the nightclubs... 222 00:21:34,573 --> 00:21:37,041 like Mama, He Treats Your Daughter Mean. 223 00:21:58,631 --> 00:22:02,863 When you hear Ruth Brown sing, you know there's some gospel there. 224 00:22:03,268 --> 00:22:07,261 So it involves, you know, automatically... 225 00:22:07,439 --> 00:22:09,202 and you can hear it. You can feel it. 226 00:22:09,274 --> 00:22:12,607 That's what made the character of rhythm and blues so popular... 227 00:22:12,678 --> 00:22:17,672 because people who had that spiritual feeling and background... 228 00:22:18,283 --> 00:22:23,243 knew that there was something there that drew you to that music... 229 00:22:23,322 --> 00:22:25,984 that just made you wanna dance, made you wanna move. 230 00:22:48,947 --> 00:22:51,074 You know, R & B was a huge fire. 231 00:22:51,150 --> 00:22:53,744 But then you start mixing in the country... 232 00:22:53,819 --> 00:22:57,880 the best of the country, the sort of really swinging country... 233 00:22:58,824 --> 00:23:01,759 and gospel, can't forget gospel... 234 00:23:02,961 --> 00:23:05,361 and to some extent jazz, I think. 235 00:23:06,065 --> 00:23:10,058 Lionel Hampton and Louis Jordan were probably the first rock 'n' roll bands... 236 00:23:10,135 --> 00:23:13,263 that were really conscious of what we call "the big beat." 237 00:23:13,639 --> 00:23:16,039 And it was ironic because these were both bands... 238 00:23:16,108 --> 00:23:18,599 that had their roots steeped in jazz. 239 00:23:18,677 --> 00:23:21,703 And Louis Jordan was a monster. 240 00:23:22,347 --> 00:23:24,941 All during World War II... 241 00:23:25,150 --> 00:23:27,948 when he did Caldonia and Beware... 242 00:23:28,387 --> 00:23:30,582 and Salt Pork, West Virginia, Choo-Choo Ch'Boogie. 243 00:23:31,156 --> 00:23:33,716 He did shuffle boogie and everything else... 244 00:23:33,792 --> 00:23:37,888 with backbeats and everything else that were all elements of rock 'n' roll. 245 00:23:38,664 --> 00:23:43,192 I think he was really one of the first crossover artists. 246 00:23:43,268 --> 00:23:46,032 Louis Jordan had a great white following. 247 00:24:23,909 --> 00:24:26,400 Louis Jordan was not only the first rock 'n' roller... 248 00:24:26,478 --> 00:24:28,412 he was the first rapper. 249 00:24:28,647 --> 00:24:31,275 You got to dig some of those old Louis Jordan records. 250 00:25:03,115 --> 00:25:06,551 In the mid '40s and early '50s, there were four major record companies: 251 00:25:06,618 --> 00:25:11,612 RCA-Victor, Columbia Records, Capitol Records, and Decca Records. 252 00:25:11,690 --> 00:25:15,285 They were all very tightly controlling what you heard... 253 00:25:15,360 --> 00:25:17,260 and that was the blandness. 254 00:25:17,329 --> 00:25:20,992 There was a thirst for different kinds of niche music... 255 00:25:21,066 --> 00:25:23,694 basically what they call '"Race music, '" rhythm and blues. 256 00:25:23,769 --> 00:25:26,363 It was controlled by a handful, and all of a sudden... 257 00:25:26,438 --> 00:25:29,703 they built this interconnected network of independent distributors. 258 00:25:29,775 --> 00:25:31,504 We could make records in our garage... 259 00:25:31,577 --> 00:25:35,411 ship them out of our trunk, and become multimillionaires overnight. 260 00:25:35,480 --> 00:25:38,040 That was the fun period. 261 00:25:38,116 --> 00:25:42,143 It was full of imaginative entrepreneurs who became very wealthy. 262 00:25:42,221 --> 00:25:45,588 Now you had the big corporate types at RCA and Columbia and so forth... 263 00:25:45,657 --> 00:25:48,023 who were playing the game according to Hoyle. 264 00:25:48,093 --> 00:25:50,323 These guys weren't gonna play it that way... 265 00:25:50,395 --> 00:25:52,260 because it was their money on the line. 266 00:25:52,331 --> 00:25:55,357 Their survival depended on getting their records played and sold. 267 00:25:55,434 --> 00:25:57,800 So they started paying off disc jockeys. 268 00:25:57,870 --> 00:26:00,202 They started off cutting deals with record stores. 269 00:26:00,272 --> 00:26:01,864 You buy one, you get one free. 270 00:26:01,940 --> 00:26:04,670 They just kicked the hell out of the major labels. 271 00:26:04,743 --> 00:26:07,837 People like the Chess Brothers started Chess Records. 272 00:26:07,913 --> 00:26:12,407 Lew Chudd started lmperial Records. Nathan started King Records... 273 00:26:12,517 --> 00:26:16,920 and Ahmet Ertegun and Jerry Wexler started Atlantic Records. 274 00:26:17,155 --> 00:26:21,251 Nowadays, people have schools they can go to and study all this music. 275 00:26:21,326 --> 00:26:23,089 But in those days we had records. 276 00:26:23,161 --> 00:26:26,460 All over the world, people used to collect those records. 277 00:26:26,531 --> 00:26:29,728 The people that we worked with on Atlantic Records... 278 00:26:29,801 --> 00:26:31,428 for example, were from Turkey. 279 00:26:31,637 --> 00:26:36,233 They came here with a knowledge already of what was happening here... 280 00:26:36,308 --> 00:26:38,469 because they were able to get these records. 281 00:26:38,543 --> 00:26:40,977 In those days, those records were like gold. 282 00:26:42,214 --> 00:26:45,547 Atlantic was a label run by jazz buffs and record collectors. 283 00:26:45,884 --> 00:26:49,479 Two of the company's executives, Ahmet and Nesuhi Ertegun... 284 00:26:49,655 --> 00:26:52,988 were sons of the Turkish ambassador to the United States. 285 00:26:53,392 --> 00:26:57,385 They called their label '"Atlantic'" for the ocean they'd crossed to reach America. 286 00:26:57,462 --> 00:26:59,054 In the '50s, they made records... 287 00:26:59,131 --> 00:27:01,895 with some of the country's most gifted Black artists. 288 00:27:01,967 --> 00:27:05,664 I felt that I knew what Black life was in America... 289 00:27:05,737 --> 00:27:09,229 and I knew what Black music was in America... 290 00:27:09,374 --> 00:27:14,311 and I knew what Black roots and what Black gospel music... 291 00:27:14,413 --> 00:27:19,316 and Black blues from the Delta that went on to Chicago... 292 00:27:19,484 --> 00:27:22,681 and the Texas blues that went on to the West Coast. 293 00:27:22,754 --> 00:27:25,917 I knew what they were, and I knew all about that... 294 00:27:26,124 --> 00:27:27,785 and I loved all of that. 295 00:27:27,859 --> 00:27:31,317 So in loving America, I thought I loved something more... 296 00:27:31,396 --> 00:27:33,489 than the average American knew about. 297 00:27:34,299 --> 00:27:38,167 We placed such an emphasis at Atlantic Records on bel canto... 298 00:27:38,236 --> 00:27:39,567 on great ability... 299 00:27:39,638 --> 00:27:42,232 on a Joe Turner, who could have been an opera singer... 300 00:27:42,307 --> 00:27:45,674 with that beautiful, great big rolling, tumbling voice of his. 301 00:28:05,330 --> 00:28:09,733 Big Joe Turner was a man who could have crossed many lines. 302 00:28:09,801 --> 00:28:13,828 He was a great blues man, rhythm and blues man... 303 00:28:13,905 --> 00:28:17,204 rock 'n' roll man, and a reputation in the jazz field. 304 00:28:17,909 --> 00:28:21,436 With a Joe Turner song like Shake, Rattle and Roll... 305 00:28:21,913 --> 00:28:24,313 and a Louis Jordan song that's rocking... 306 00:28:24,383 --> 00:28:28,444 before you know it, you're putting rocking and rolling together. 307 00:28:28,520 --> 00:28:30,215 And rockin' and rollin'... 308 00:28:30,288 --> 00:28:34,850 was a not-so-subtle way... 309 00:28:35,027 --> 00:28:36,961 of talking about... 310 00:28:37,496 --> 00:28:40,932 having a good time, dancing, and sometimes it meant sex. 311 00:29:33,051 --> 00:29:34,484 Thanks to Big Joe Turner... 312 00:29:34,586 --> 00:29:37,248 Atlantic was present at the creation of rock 'n'roll. 313 00:29:37,556 --> 00:29:41,151 But the label's presiding genius was the blind singer and pianist... 314 00:29:41,226 --> 00:29:42,523 Ray Charles... 315 00:29:42,928 --> 00:29:45,556 who blended jazz, gospel, and blues... 316 00:29:45,630 --> 00:29:49,589 into an urbane, yet earthy new style of Black popular music. 317 00:29:52,404 --> 00:29:56,340 Ray Charles' playing is so superb and he's just so good. 318 00:29:56,408 --> 00:29:59,639 So I can't pin him down to just saying this is church or... 319 00:30:00,278 --> 00:30:01,677 Ray does it all. 320 00:30:01,746 --> 00:30:06,376 Ray Charles is without a doubt, as they say, a genius. 321 00:30:06,518 --> 00:30:08,577 To me, he is even more so. 322 00:30:08,820 --> 00:30:10,788 Ray and I became good friends. 323 00:30:11,623 --> 00:30:13,887 We thought he was something from Mars. 324 00:30:14,292 --> 00:30:16,453 We were 14 years old... 325 00:30:16,862 --> 00:30:19,695 and we were still living at home. 326 00:30:19,764 --> 00:30:22,927 Ray had his own apartment. He had three suits. 327 00:30:24,102 --> 00:30:27,765 And he had these older girlfriends. He was unbelievable. 328 00:30:28,707 --> 00:30:31,437 He'd have record players, electric record players... 329 00:30:31,510 --> 00:30:35,446 and Ray would take them apart, glass tubes in record players... 330 00:30:35,514 --> 00:30:38,950 and he knew how to take everything apart and fix it and everything else. 331 00:30:39,017 --> 00:30:41,144 I met him in Austin, Texas... 332 00:30:41,686 --> 00:30:44,951 and I was supposed to be just the traveling vocalist... 333 00:30:45,023 --> 00:30:46,718 and work with his band. 334 00:30:46,992 --> 00:30:50,894 I'll never forget the first day when I showed up for rehearsals... 335 00:30:51,296 --> 00:30:54,424 and I raised sand. I said to my road manager: 336 00:30:54,499 --> 00:30:57,263 "How's he going to play for me? He's blind." 337 00:30:57,736 --> 00:30:59,601 Because I had all these charts. 338 00:31:00,272 --> 00:31:03,867 And I remember he said to me, "Don't worry about it." 339 00:31:05,377 --> 00:31:08,642 And the first night we were together, Austin, Texas... 340 00:31:08,713 --> 00:31:13,309 he played everything that I had done like he had been in a recording session. 341 00:31:13,518 --> 00:31:18,455 At about 17, he went down to California... 342 00:31:19,724 --> 00:31:22,818 and when he came back, he was so different. 343 00:31:23,261 --> 00:31:27,254 It was just like another person. He was singing different music... 344 00:31:27,332 --> 00:31:29,960 and he was singing the gospel thing then. 345 00:31:30,335 --> 00:31:32,565 It was like he had found this light. 346 00:32:45,243 --> 00:32:48,872 I always wanted The Band to make a record as good as Ray Charles. 347 00:32:48,980 --> 00:32:52,472 He always made the best records as far as I was concerned. 348 00:32:53,184 --> 00:32:56,415 He had the best band in town at the same time. 349 00:32:57,756 --> 00:33:00,452 Anything to do with Ray Charles was all right. 350 00:33:00,525 --> 00:33:04,621 I remember the first time I heard Ray Charles sing. 351 00:33:04,696 --> 00:33:05,822 He was singing... 352 00:33:09,534 --> 00:33:11,968 And my mama said, "Now that's a shame. 353 00:33:12,037 --> 00:33:14,938 "That man has taken that gospel song... 354 00:33:15,173 --> 00:33:18,336 "and turned it into the blues." Because the original lyric was... 355 00:33:23,782 --> 00:33:26,910 And then when she found out he was blind, she really went off. 356 00:33:26,985 --> 00:33:29,180 Oh, my God. This was sacrilegious. 357 00:33:29,988 --> 00:33:33,685 In Chicago, yet a different style of Black music evolved. 358 00:33:34,059 --> 00:33:36,789 In search of work, bluesmen throughout the 1940s... 359 00:33:36,861 --> 00:33:38,453 had journeyed north. 360 00:33:38,630 --> 00:33:42,122 In the noisy nightclubs and juke joints of Chicago's South Side... 361 00:33:42,500 --> 00:33:45,094 the harmonica players and guitarists plugged in... 362 00:33:45,170 --> 00:33:48,105 and produced an electrifying new brand of blues. 363 00:33:49,641 --> 00:33:52,633 Dad would take me down to Maxwell Street... 364 00:33:53,311 --> 00:33:56,838 which was kind of like, I guess, Portobello Road in London or something... 365 00:33:56,915 --> 00:34:01,284 but it'd be street musicians and just wonderful sounds. 366 00:34:02,887 --> 00:34:04,218 Everything. 367 00:34:04,289 --> 00:34:07,884 Living in Chicago was quite a rich environment. 368 00:34:08,360 --> 00:34:09,725 Chicago is also a place... 369 00:34:09,794 --> 00:34:12,388 that you learn to play many different types of music... 370 00:34:12,464 --> 00:34:15,399 because you have jazz clubs, blues clubs. 371 00:34:15,467 --> 00:34:18,493 All the different types of music are very popular there. 372 00:34:18,937 --> 00:34:21,405 And I got a job at Chess Records. 373 00:34:21,639 --> 00:34:23,834 I was a studio musician, studio drummer. 374 00:34:23,908 --> 00:34:26,877 Working at Chess was a very interesting time of my life. 375 00:34:26,945 --> 00:34:28,344 Anything could happen. 376 00:34:28,413 --> 00:34:32,611 I remember Bo Diddley because I used to run into him in the studio all the time. 377 00:34:32,817 --> 00:34:35,115 Leonard Chess loved the blues. 378 00:34:35,186 --> 00:34:38,678 Any time they had a session, they would call Bo Diddley in... 379 00:34:38,757 --> 00:34:41,658 and Bo Diddley was like an A and R man. 380 00:34:41,726 --> 00:34:43,853 Because he lived in Chicago... 381 00:34:43,928 --> 00:34:48,160 Leonard Chess could not A and R a session. 382 00:34:48,233 --> 00:34:49,996 They ran the technical side... 383 00:34:50,068 --> 00:34:54,198 but Bo Diddley was really the man who set down that pattern. 384 00:35:14,259 --> 00:35:16,193 Bo's one of my favorite guitar players. 385 00:35:16,261 --> 00:35:19,697 He only plays one chord, but I can listen to that for days. 386 00:35:19,764 --> 00:35:21,197 It's just so cool. 387 00:35:35,914 --> 00:35:37,711 Bo Diddley by Bo Diddley. 388 00:35:37,782 --> 00:35:40,512 I remember listening to it in one of those earphones. 389 00:35:40,585 --> 00:35:43,418 A friend of mine in high school said, "Have you heard Bo?" 390 00:35:43,488 --> 00:35:45,888 I says, "No." And it changed me. 391 00:35:47,792 --> 00:35:51,728 The beat and the rhythms and the things, it haunted me. 392 00:35:52,297 --> 00:35:55,733 So I tuned my guitar to G and everything because of that. 393 00:35:55,800 --> 00:35:58,633 Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino. 394 00:35:58,703 --> 00:36:01,137 This is like the air we breathe, you know? 395 00:36:01,206 --> 00:36:04,972 As far as I'm concerned, this is our classical music. 396 00:36:05,310 --> 00:36:09,610 Fats Domino, of course, inspired me... 397 00:36:10,215 --> 00:36:13,673 because he can make three chords sound so good. 398 00:36:14,152 --> 00:36:17,644 Instead of, like, you know... 399 00:36:17,722 --> 00:36:21,385 He did it in a nice, picturesque way... 400 00:36:21,459 --> 00:36:24,656 as to bring out the beauty of just three chords... 401 00:36:24,729 --> 00:36:26,663 almost like a blues singer. 402 00:36:26,731 --> 00:36:30,929 But at the same time, an R & B singer. 403 00:37:11,276 --> 00:37:13,039 Boy, when I heard that guy doing that... 404 00:37:13,111 --> 00:37:17,480 Fats and all his trills that he would do, he was absolutely brilliant. 405 00:37:17,549 --> 00:37:20,211 All guitar players were influenced by Chuck Berry. 406 00:37:20,285 --> 00:37:23,812 Chuck Berry is one of the founders... 407 00:37:24,255 --> 00:37:28,885 of what came out of rhythm and blues and became known as rock 'n' roll. 408 00:37:29,027 --> 00:37:30,688 How big an influence? 409 00:37:30,962 --> 00:37:34,398 I don't know, but the first time I went to go sing a Chuck Berry song... 410 00:37:34,465 --> 00:37:36,990 I'd never tried to sing one... 411 00:37:37,068 --> 00:37:38,865 I realized that I knew all the words... 412 00:37:38,937 --> 00:37:42,395 and I could play it without even having ever tried to play it before. 413 00:37:42,807 --> 00:37:45,037 I knew when I first heard Maybellene. 414 00:37:45,109 --> 00:37:48,476 I said, "Look out, here is a Black man that likes country music." 415 00:38:48,339 --> 00:38:51,831 Without a doubt, the greatest poet in rock 'n' roll would be Chuck Berry. 416 00:38:51,909 --> 00:38:56,312 I always felt that Chuck Berry was the poet laureate of America. 417 00:38:57,248 --> 00:39:01,810 He probably was the best lyric writer I was ever around... 418 00:39:02,353 --> 00:39:04,981 and he was awesome on the stage as well. 419 00:39:05,056 --> 00:39:08,514 Chuck Berry was an act you didn't want to try to follow. 420 00:39:08,626 --> 00:39:12,323 When he got out and did his duck walk with that out-of-tune guitar... 421 00:39:12,397 --> 00:39:15,093 which most of the time it was, but nobody cared... 422 00:39:15,166 --> 00:39:18,602 the crowd was making more noise than his guitar was. 423 00:39:18,936 --> 00:39:22,838 Let's go back to who was the king of rock 'n' roll. 424 00:39:23,474 --> 00:39:26,602 You know, you've often heard Little Richard... 425 00:39:26,678 --> 00:39:29,841 come on television and say, "I was the king of rock 'n' roll." 426 00:39:29,914 --> 00:39:31,176 I agree. 427 00:39:31,616 --> 00:39:34,676 I also would like to add Chuck Berry with it. 428 00:39:34,752 --> 00:39:37,516 But Little Richard was... 429 00:39:37,588 --> 00:39:40,318 the star in that era with rock 'n' roll. 430 00:39:40,625 --> 00:39:43,924 Little Richard was far and away the most flamboyant of the performers. 431 00:39:43,995 --> 00:39:47,590 We just thought it was so against the rules... 432 00:39:47,799 --> 00:39:51,132 that Little Richard would jump on the piano and dance... 433 00:39:51,202 --> 00:39:54,569 wearing his cape and that wonderful pencil mustache... 434 00:39:54,639 --> 00:39:57,870 and be so out there, and we all went crazy. 435 00:39:57,942 --> 00:39:59,375 I danced then. 436 00:39:59,444 --> 00:40:01,674 We'd get up in the balcony and jump around. 437 00:40:01,746 --> 00:40:03,373 The balcony would shake... 438 00:40:03,448 --> 00:40:05,746 and you'd feel, "This balcony is gonna crash." 439 00:40:05,817 --> 00:40:08,377 But it's rock 'n' roll, and we're out there gambling. 440 00:40:39,517 --> 00:40:41,917 Little Richard was Black rock 'n' roll. 441 00:40:41,986 --> 00:40:46,650 I mean, we understand that Little Richard was Tutti Frutti, Good Golly Miss Molly. 442 00:40:46,724 --> 00:40:49,420 He was all those things that everybody else wanted to be. 443 00:40:49,494 --> 00:40:51,519 He was our Elvis Presley. 444 00:41:13,351 --> 00:41:15,216 I think of Little Richard... 445 00:41:15,286 --> 00:41:19,848 washing dishes in the bus station in Macon, Georgia... 446 00:41:21,025 --> 00:41:24,119 and he knows that he's going to make it. 447 00:41:24,195 --> 00:41:27,756 He made it out of that kitchen and into the history books. 448 00:41:28,299 --> 00:41:30,961 That is great. His records are great. 449 00:41:31,068 --> 00:41:33,798 They still sound great. They always will. 450 00:41:33,871 --> 00:41:38,467 Black people, they drew out of their community... 451 00:41:38,543 --> 00:41:41,535 this powerful, emotional, majestic thing... 452 00:41:41,612 --> 00:41:45,981 called Black gospel music, and jazz, and blues. 453 00:41:46,050 --> 00:41:49,986 All those elements combined, played a part... 454 00:41:50,054 --> 00:41:52,682 in forming rhythm and blues. 455 00:41:52,790 --> 00:41:55,588 And later, as the whites were attracted to it... 456 00:41:55,693 --> 00:41:59,288 it began to be known as rock 'n' roll. 457 00:41:59,897 --> 00:42:01,922 Rock 'n' roll is a misnomer. 458 00:42:02,300 --> 00:42:04,860 There's no such music as rock 'n' roll. 459 00:42:06,003 --> 00:42:10,906 Rock 'n' roll was something that, just out of necessity... 460 00:42:12,977 --> 00:42:14,968 was termed rock 'n' roll. 461 00:42:15,346 --> 00:42:18,144 There was a man by the name of Alan Freed... 462 00:42:18,216 --> 00:42:22,209 who started playing rhythm and blues music... 463 00:42:22,453 --> 00:42:26,514 after the classical music station went off the air in Cleveland, Ohio. 464 00:42:27,024 --> 00:42:28,457 Hi, everybody. How y'all? 465 00:42:28,526 --> 00:42:32,292 This is yours truly Alan Freed welcoming you to The Big Beat on radio. 466 00:42:32,597 --> 00:42:34,428 Every night at 10:00. 467 00:42:34,498 --> 00:42:36,898 He called the show The Moon Dog Show. 468 00:42:37,368 --> 00:42:41,361 He came to New York and there was an old beggar, a panhandler... 469 00:42:41,439 --> 00:42:44,135 in this town by the name of The Moon Dog. 470 00:42:44,275 --> 00:42:47,438 So Alan Freed couldn't call his show The Moon Dog Show anymore... 471 00:42:47,511 --> 00:42:50,912 because the old panhandler sued him about the name. 472 00:42:51,549 --> 00:42:54,245 So in a hurry to come up with a name... 473 00:42:54,518 --> 00:42:58,614 bottom line was he decided that he was gonna call it The Rock and Roll Show. 474 00:42:58,956 --> 00:43:03,256 I think that Alan Freed is important in the history of rock 'n' roll... 475 00:43:04,695 --> 00:43:09,155 and I think I understand maybe a little bit why the other faction... 476 00:43:09,567 --> 00:43:12,695 that doesn't want to acknowledge that, wants to discard him. 477 00:43:12,770 --> 00:43:16,866 It's hard to allow a disc jockey... 478 00:43:16,941 --> 00:43:19,739 to walk off with that mantle of importance. 479 00:43:20,311 --> 00:43:23,644 He didn't write, sing, or arrange anything. 480 00:43:23,714 --> 00:43:25,909 He got on the air and played some records. 481 00:43:25,983 --> 00:43:28,850 When you're on in New York at night in winter... 482 00:43:28,953 --> 00:43:32,047 there's mystery, there's romance... 483 00:43:32,123 --> 00:43:34,318 there's danger in the air. 484 00:43:34,392 --> 00:43:36,360 And that's what Alan Freed projected. 485 00:43:36,427 --> 00:43:38,827 Now, Alan claims he started rock 'n' roll. 486 00:43:38,896 --> 00:43:41,490 Alan did not start rock 'n' roll... 487 00:43:41,565 --> 00:43:44,796 but he was the disc jockey. He coined the phrase. 488 00:43:45,169 --> 00:43:49,936 It was real odd because we were listening to rhythm and blues... 489 00:43:50,007 --> 00:43:54,501 and we knew the original artists: Fats Domino and Little Richard... 490 00:43:54,612 --> 00:43:56,273 would rip it up. 491 00:43:56,347 --> 00:44:01,250 And then the white artist would cover it, and it was... 492 00:44:01,319 --> 00:44:03,719 We didn't know each other at the time... 493 00:44:03,788 --> 00:44:06,279 but it was really frustrating... 494 00:44:06,357 --> 00:44:09,451 to know the real record and then hear... 495 00:44:09,527 --> 00:44:11,256 I mean, God love Pat Boone. 496 00:44:11,329 --> 00:44:14,856 Anybody can have a hit record, God bless them. 497 00:44:14,932 --> 00:44:18,459 But it just was real weird... 498 00:44:19,070 --> 00:44:21,368 that that went on. 499 00:44:21,439 --> 00:44:23,236 There was at that time... 500 00:44:23,307 --> 00:44:25,969 an absolute wall... 501 00:44:26,243 --> 00:44:29,974 an impenetrable wall between pop and R & B. 502 00:44:30,047 --> 00:44:32,242 There were R & B stations, there were R & B artists... 503 00:44:32,316 --> 00:44:34,978 there was R & B music but it was not gonna get played... 504 00:44:35,052 --> 00:44:37,520 in its original form on pop stations. 505 00:44:37,688 --> 00:44:39,815 It was just too ragged and too... 506 00:44:39,890 --> 00:44:44,327 In some cases, it was a little suggestive or more. 507 00:44:44,462 --> 00:44:46,487 Sometimes even explicit. 508 00:44:46,564 --> 00:44:48,088 Now, Pat Boone... 509 00:44:48,165 --> 00:44:50,827 here was a white guy that took my music... 510 00:44:50,901 --> 00:44:53,836 and made my hit, and this was my chance... 511 00:44:53,904 --> 00:44:55,667 to be a big star... 512 00:44:55,740 --> 00:44:59,733 and he shortcut me and going to outsell me... 513 00:45:00,845 --> 00:45:03,712 which he did with my song that I wrote. 514 00:45:04,882 --> 00:45:08,511 You understand me? But by him singing it... 515 00:45:08,586 --> 00:45:12,420 he really made it bigger and made me bigger... 516 00:45:12,490 --> 00:45:15,084 but at the time, I didn't feel that way. 517 00:46:27,998 --> 00:46:29,590 Rock 'n' roll... 518 00:46:31,168 --> 00:46:34,103 is the greatest music that's ever been... 519 00:46:34,171 --> 00:46:35,570 and ever will be. 520 00:46:36,974 --> 00:46:39,169 Whether it was taken from gospel roots... 521 00:46:39,243 --> 00:46:41,768 or whether it was taken from rhythm and blues roots... 522 00:46:41,846 --> 00:46:45,976 or black roots, red roots, blue roots, or whatever roots... 523 00:46:46,083 --> 00:46:48,142 rock 'n' roll is rock 'n' roll. 524 00:46:48,419 --> 00:46:51,911 Bill Haley started as Bill Haley and the Saddlemen... 525 00:46:52,223 --> 00:46:54,714 a country band in Chester, Pennsylvania. 526 00:46:57,695 --> 00:47:00,220 He was one of the creators of rockabilly... 527 00:47:00,831 --> 00:47:04,733 and it goes way back to '54, '53, on Essex Records. 528 00:47:04,802 --> 00:47:08,704 All of those wonderful precursors of rock 'n' roll. Kids loved it. 529 00:47:08,772 --> 00:47:12,606 Bill Haley was country to the bone. 530 00:47:12,676 --> 00:47:14,667 He was really a country guy... 531 00:47:14,745 --> 00:47:18,112 who had the saxophone... 532 00:47:18,182 --> 00:47:22,118 and had that great record. 533 00:47:22,186 --> 00:47:26,919 He had many, but Rock Around the Clock was a pattern-setter, let's face it. 534 00:48:05,095 --> 00:48:08,258 I think one of the attractions of Bill Haley was that he was... 535 00:48:08,365 --> 00:48:12,734 Apart from the great music and the new style of energy... 536 00:48:12,803 --> 00:48:16,364 was that he seemed to be one of us. He seemed to be a normal guy. 537 00:48:17,241 --> 00:48:19,334 Even though he had this funny curl and stuff... 538 00:48:19,410 --> 00:48:21,071 and he was a little overweight maybe. 539 00:48:21,145 --> 00:48:23,579 I specifically remember seeing Blackboard Jungle... 540 00:48:23,647 --> 00:48:27,481 and going down the stairs in the cinema in Manchester, where I lived... 541 00:48:27,818 --> 00:48:31,481 and seeing all the Teddy boys tearing up seats in the cinema... 542 00:48:31,555 --> 00:48:34,820 and seeing people turn fire hoses on them. 543 00:48:34,892 --> 00:48:36,757 It was quite wild. 544 00:48:36,827 --> 00:48:39,557 I think he was more popular in England than he was here. 545 00:48:39,630 --> 00:48:41,860 He was a god in England. 546 00:48:41,932 --> 00:48:46,198 I didn't see that kind of energy until later when the Beatles first hit. 547 00:48:46,770 --> 00:48:49,261 There was something about Bill Haley that was... 548 00:48:49,340 --> 00:48:52,673 very close to our hearts and yet very unattainable. 549 00:48:53,777 --> 00:48:56,746 I have in my wallet... 550 00:48:59,283 --> 00:49:02,684 There's my ticket for the Bill Haley show in 1958... 551 00:49:02,753 --> 00:49:06,382 at the Palace Theatre in Manchester that changed my life. 552 00:49:07,424 --> 00:49:09,858 So when Elvis Presley came on the scene... 553 00:49:09,927 --> 00:49:13,055 the only thing I can say is that he did it right. 554 00:49:13,397 --> 00:49:15,695 He did it good, you know. 555 00:49:16,166 --> 00:49:17,997 And again, where Elvis was concerned... 556 00:49:18,102 --> 00:49:21,037 there was no color line because everybody liked his music. 557 00:49:21,105 --> 00:49:25,064 And Elvis Presley was what they were looking for... 558 00:49:25,142 --> 00:49:29,044 to get that music not necessarily accepted, because it had already been... 559 00:49:29,113 --> 00:49:33,072 but permissible for the white kids to listen to openly. 560 00:49:33,717 --> 00:49:37,175 People are amazed at Elvis, at his influence. I'm not. 561 00:49:37,421 --> 00:49:40,549 And, honey, it didn't come just from his music. 562 00:49:42,092 --> 00:49:44,822 It came from what he could say... 563 00:49:44,895 --> 00:49:48,922 in just the little innuendoes of his voice. 564 00:49:50,701 --> 00:49:55,502 He could do things that had to be something other than carnal. 565 00:49:55,639 --> 00:49:58,938 It had to be a spiritual communication. 566 00:49:59,009 --> 00:50:03,378 I listened to it, to where he was coming from when he was singing it... 567 00:50:03,447 --> 00:50:05,074 and where the band were coming from... 568 00:50:05,149 --> 00:50:07,447 and the way that they were playing and swinging... 569 00:50:07,518 --> 00:50:10,316 and the way Presley was taking... 570 00:50:10,387 --> 00:50:14,187 all that white poor-boy Tupelo, Mississippi guy... 571 00:50:14,591 --> 00:50:16,149 and all the radio he'd heard... 572 00:50:16,226 --> 00:50:19,821 Arthur Crudup, The Ink Spots, all that stuff is in his voice. 573 00:50:19,897 --> 00:50:23,799 Elvis was so crucial. 574 00:50:23,867 --> 00:50:26,097 I remember... 575 00:50:26,170 --> 00:50:29,367 writing arrangements for Tommy Dorsey... 576 00:50:29,440 --> 00:50:31,408 on the Saturday Night Bandstand... 577 00:50:31,475 --> 00:50:34,035 which was the replacement for Jackie Gleason... 578 00:50:34,111 --> 00:50:36,602 and one night... 579 00:50:37,781 --> 00:50:41,774 this little kid came from Memphis and sang on the show. 580 00:50:41,852 --> 00:50:44,116 The band was pissed off, you know... 581 00:50:44,188 --> 00:50:47,555 and they couldn't play with each other or get into it at all... 582 00:50:47,624 --> 00:50:49,353 and Tommy and Jimmy Dorsey had the band. 583 00:50:49,426 --> 00:50:52,953 I remember Sam Phillips said, '"We'll send for the band from Memphis. '" 584 00:50:53,030 --> 00:50:56,466 They came back up, and Elvis played on that show. 585 00:50:56,533 --> 00:50:57,693 And Tommy was upset. 586 00:50:57,768 --> 00:51:01,397 He said, "Man, this dude, he'll be out of here tomorrow." 587 00:51:01,839 --> 00:51:05,002 And two days later, they got 8,000 letters... 588 00:51:05,075 --> 00:51:06,235 and it was over. 589 00:51:06,310 --> 00:51:09,336 Three or four weeks later, he played on the Sullivan Show... 590 00:51:09,413 --> 00:51:12,644 and Elvis was on that show, the Saturday Night Bandstand... 591 00:51:12,716 --> 00:51:14,206 until it closed, you know. 592 00:51:34,972 --> 00:51:38,669 See, in white society, movement of the butt, shaking of the leg... 593 00:51:38,742 --> 00:51:41,176 all that was considered obscene for white folks. 594 00:51:41,245 --> 00:51:43,270 Now here's this white boy... 595 00:51:43,347 --> 00:51:44,974 up there grinding... 596 00:51:45,048 --> 00:51:48,711 rolling his belly, and shaking that notorious leg. 597 00:51:49,853 --> 00:51:52,185 I hadn't even seen the Black dudes doing that. 598 00:51:52,256 --> 00:51:55,419 Elvis had some movements I had never witnessed. 599 00:51:55,526 --> 00:51:57,756 One time I went to a country music show... 600 00:51:57,828 --> 00:52:01,559 at Baton Rouge High School, and there was a guy in this pink suit... 601 00:52:01,632 --> 00:52:03,691 with a guitar player and a bass player... 602 00:52:03,767 --> 00:52:06,736 and it was Elvis singing Blue Moon of Kentucky. 603 00:52:06,804 --> 00:52:11,070 I remember going with my friend back behind the auditorium... 604 00:52:11,141 --> 00:52:14,577 after the show and standing next to this guy, going: 605 00:52:14,645 --> 00:52:16,909 '"Wow, this guy is really cool. '" 606 00:52:39,470 --> 00:52:42,701 Elvis, he was rock 'n' roll. 607 00:52:43,540 --> 00:52:46,236 That's rock 'n' roll, you know? 608 00:52:46,310 --> 00:52:49,905 Rock 'n' roll, really, I can get down to about six or seven people. 609 00:52:52,349 --> 00:52:55,750 But he was above it all. 610 00:52:55,819 --> 00:52:57,684 He was rock 'n' roll. 611 00:53:00,684 --> 00:53:04,684 Preuzeto sa www.titlovi.com 53999

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