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THE GLEANERS AND I
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G as in gleaning -
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To glean is to gather
after the harvest.
4
00:00:28,853 --> 00:00:32,254
A gleaner is one who gleans.
5
00:00:33,391 --> 00:00:35,552
In times past only women gleaned.
6
00:00:35,726 --> 00:00:39,184
Millet's Glaneuses
were in all dictionaries.
7
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The original painting
is at the Orsay.
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Gleaning, that's the old way.
9
00:01:05,756 --> 00:01:09,852
My mother'd say, '' Pick everything up
so nothing gets wasted''.
10
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But sadly we no longer do
11
00:01:14,332 --> 00:01:17,233
because machines
are so efficient nowadays.
12
00:01:17,401 --> 00:01:20,370
But before, I used to glean
13
00:01:20,538 --> 00:01:22,529
together with my neighbors,
14
00:01:22,707 --> 00:01:25,403
for wheat, and rice too.
15
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I would put my big apron on
16
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and we'd go gleaning ears of wheat,
17
00:01:35,419 --> 00:01:37,319
lovely ears we would find.
18
00:01:40,892 --> 00:01:44,851
A whole day in the sun,
with gnats and mosquitoes biting,
19
00:01:45,196 --> 00:01:46,424
it wasn't too nice,
20
00:01:46,664 --> 00:01:48,188
but we liked it.
21
00:01:49,333 --> 00:01:53,667
Evenings, we were exhausted. Once
home with our bags and our aprons
22
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we'd have a good time laughing
and drinking coffee together.
23
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I was born in that farmhouse,
and I'll die there too.
24
00:02:03,848 --> 00:02:06,544
- But not quite yet!
- OK, thank you very much.
25
00:02:06,717 --> 00:02:08,617
Thanks very much, all of you.
26
00:02:08,786 --> 00:02:11,721
I'm mixed up,
you've confused me now.
27
00:02:13,457 --> 00:02:15,823
Yes, I've always gleaned.
28
00:02:16,260 --> 00:02:20,390
I remember, with my grandmother
and my brothers and sisters.
29
00:02:20,831 --> 00:02:25,393
Before, during the war, they had
to glean, they were starving.
30
00:02:25,570 --> 00:02:28,505
They pounded the grain
to make flour,
31
00:02:28,839 --> 00:02:30,272
for bread.
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00:02:30,841 --> 00:02:34,675
We no longer pick these days,
we no longer glean to eat.
33
00:02:34,845 --> 00:02:38,076
There are still
a few gleaners of corn around.
34
00:02:42,620 --> 00:02:44,349
Gleaning might be extinct
35
00:02:44,555 --> 00:02:48,252
but stooping has not vanished
from our sated society
36
00:02:48,659 --> 00:02:51,719
Urban and rural gleaners
all stoop to pick up
37
00:02:52,263 --> 00:02:54,322
There's no shame,just worries
38
00:02:54,565 --> 00:02:56,897
Yeah, food, grub
39
00:02:57,468 --> 00:03:00,266
It's bad, sad, man
40
00:03:00,838 --> 00:03:02,806
To bend down is not to beg
41
00:03:03,174 --> 00:03:06,075
But when I see them sway
My heart hurts!
42
00:03:06,277 --> 00:03:08,745
Eating that scrap-crap
43
00:03:09,113 --> 00:03:11,411
They've got to live on shit-bits
44
00:03:11,582 --> 00:03:14,176
They've got to frisk for tidbits
45
00:03:14,552 --> 00:03:16,782
Left on the street, leftovers
46
00:03:17,154 --> 00:03:19,384
Rough stuff with no owners
47
00:03:19,590 --> 00:03:22,115
Picking up trash like
the streetsweeper
48
00:03:22,460 --> 00:03:24,690
Zero for us, for them much better
49
00:03:24,895 --> 00:03:27,830
They got to roam around
to kill the hunger
50
00:03:28,399 --> 00:03:32,529
It's always been the same pain
will always be the same game.
51
00:03:37,642 --> 00:03:40,702
In the towns today
as in the fields yesterday
52
00:03:40,878 --> 00:03:44,405
gleaners still humbly stoop
to glean.
53
00:03:44,849 --> 00:03:47,511
But men have now joined
with women
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00:03:48,285 --> 00:03:49,445
in gleaning.
55
00:03:50,588 --> 00:03:54,354
What strikes me is
that each gleans on his own.
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00:03:54,925 --> 00:03:56,688
Whereas in paintings
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00:03:57,395 --> 00:04:01,058
they were always
in clusters, rarely alone.
58
00:04:01,465 --> 00:04:03,695
But there's a famous one
59
00:04:03,868 --> 00:04:07,395
painted byJules Breton
at the museum in Arras.
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00:04:09,106 --> 00:04:11,074
We took the road north.
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00:04:11,308 --> 00:04:14,766
Lots of big trucks,
but I'll come back to that,
62
00:04:15,413 --> 00:04:17,745
and we arrived in the town of Arras,
63
00:04:18,082 --> 00:04:19,481
we saw its square,
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00:04:19,750 --> 00:04:21,115
we saw its museum,
65
00:04:21,419 --> 00:04:23,512
and Breton's Woman Gleaning.
66
00:04:24,655 --> 00:04:28,557
There is another woman gleaning
in this film, that's me.
67
00:04:35,633 --> 00:04:39,569
I'm happy to drop the ears of wheat
and pick up my camera.
68
00:04:40,571 --> 00:04:42,232
These new small cameras,
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00:04:42,506 --> 00:04:44,565
they are digital, fantastic.
70
00:04:44,742 --> 00:04:46,710
Their effects are stroboscopic
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00:04:47,311 --> 00:04:48,437
narcissistic,
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00:04:48,913 --> 00:04:50,710
and even hyper-realistic.
73
00:05:34,625 --> 00:05:36,752
No, it's not O rage,
74
00:05:37,094 --> 00:05:38,789
no, it's not O despair,
75
00:05:39,130 --> 00:05:41,360
it's not Old age, my enemy,
76
00:05:41,532 --> 00:05:45,798
it might even be Old age, my friend
but still, my hair
77
00:05:46,170 --> 00:05:49,401
and my hands keep telling me
that the end is near.
78
00:05:52,877 --> 00:05:55,846
OK, right now,
we are driving towards Beauce,
79
00:05:56,180 --> 00:05:59,172
renowned for its wheat.
The harvest being over
80
00:05:59,717 --> 00:06:02,311
we'll focus on potato
gleaning instead.
81
00:06:03,220 --> 00:06:06,155
Destalking the fields makes furrows
82
00:06:06,390 --> 00:06:09,484
and ridges ready
for the grubbing machine.
83
00:06:12,496 --> 00:06:15,260
Once the grubbing is over,
84
00:06:15,566 --> 00:06:17,397
we can glean the whole field.
85
00:06:18,736 --> 00:06:21,204
- Hello.
- Hello Mrs. Buard.
86
00:06:22,306 --> 00:06:26,106
Since this morning,
I've collected a full 250 lbs alone.
87
00:06:26,510 --> 00:06:30,276
And these are good ones
you eat with herring.
88
00:06:30,447 --> 00:06:32,813
Lots of restaurants buy them.
89
00:06:34,819 --> 00:06:39,119
Some people are quite pleased
when the machine malfunctions.
90
00:06:40,524 --> 00:06:42,651
There are lots left here.
91
00:06:42,827 --> 00:06:45,796
The tractor ploughs too deep
and gets stuck.
92
00:06:46,130 --> 00:06:51,124
They free it by lifting the machine
and they miss potatoes there.
93
00:06:51,302 --> 00:06:53,202
So gleaners have a field day?
94
00:06:53,370 --> 00:06:54,860
Oh yes definitely.
95
00:06:56,440 --> 00:06:58,374
The owners don't give a damn
96
00:06:58,542 --> 00:07:00,703
so long as there's nothing left.
97
00:07:01,045 --> 00:07:02,569
They won't have to treat.
98
00:07:02,746 --> 00:07:04,145
You still must sort them.
99
00:07:12,790 --> 00:07:15,657
In supermarkets,
the firm ones are sold
100
00:07:15,860 --> 00:07:19,352
in containers of 5 1 /2 to 1 1 pounds,
101
00:07:19,530 --> 00:07:22,795
and these have to be
of a specific caliber,
102
00:07:23,133 --> 00:07:25,158
of a specific size.
103
00:07:25,569 --> 00:07:28,402
So we dump anything bigger.
104
00:07:29,440 --> 00:07:34,275
The potato harvest
averages 4,500 tons per season.
105
00:07:34,778 --> 00:07:37,611
But 25 tons are rejected
106
00:07:38,249 --> 00:07:40,547
and dumped.
107
00:07:58,202 --> 00:08:01,194
We reject all the outsized,
green ones, and stones,
108
00:08:01,372 --> 00:08:04,068
the cut or damaged ones.
109
00:08:04,308 --> 00:08:06,276
Because they're unsellable.
110
00:08:06,443 --> 00:08:10,004
To the trade, we sell potatoes
111
00:08:10,180 --> 00:08:13,240
within a range of 2 to 4 inches
112
00:08:13,417 --> 00:08:17,251
and anything bigger
is automatically thrown away.
113
00:08:17,521 --> 00:08:20,456
Potatoes remain
a staple foodstuff for many
114
00:08:20,624 --> 00:08:24,651
and because large quantities
of potatoes are dumped,
115
00:08:24,828 --> 00:08:27,558
the practice of gleaning
has reappeared.
116
00:08:27,798 --> 00:08:30,562
In general people wait nearby
117
00:08:30,734 --> 00:08:32,395
and follow the trailers.
118
00:08:34,505 --> 00:08:37,531
We followed the trailers
but didn't see anyone
119
00:08:38,309 --> 00:08:40,368
except a man who might have known,
120
00:08:40,544 --> 00:08:44,344
not through a newspaper though
for they never announce
121
00:08:44,548 --> 00:08:47,244
dumping here tomorrow,
there next week.
122
00:08:47,718 --> 00:08:50,118
Potatoes left in the open like that
123
00:08:50,554 --> 00:08:53,751
soon become green
and dangerous to eat.
124
00:08:55,259 --> 00:08:58,057
Sometimes the children give
the signal.
125
00:08:58,395 --> 00:09:00,192
Hey, we found a big one here!
126
00:09:06,570 --> 00:09:07,434
C'mon, catch it!
127
00:09:07,604 --> 00:09:09,595
Monday, potatoes
128
00:09:09,807 --> 00:09:11,434
Tuesday, potatoes
129
00:09:11,608 --> 00:09:14,338
Wednesday, potatoes again
130
00:09:15,212 --> 00:09:17,112
Thursday, potatoes
131
00:09:17,281 --> 00:09:19,249
Friday, potatoes
132
00:09:19,416 --> 00:09:21,816
Saturday, potatoes again
133
00:09:22,453 --> 00:09:25,479
Sunday, potatoes au gratin
134
00:09:28,158 --> 00:09:30,524
Look, I've picked up more or less
135
00:09:31,128 --> 00:09:33,028
200 or 300 pounds.
136
00:09:34,631 --> 00:09:38,260
You find very large ones
in the leftovers.
137
00:09:38,435 --> 00:09:40,562
The damaged ones we leave.
138
00:09:40,738 --> 00:09:44,538
Some are too small,
we take the large ones rather.
139
00:09:45,876 --> 00:09:47,036
See,
140
00:09:48,245 --> 00:09:49,143
misshapen ones,
141
00:09:49,480 --> 00:09:50,469
heart-shaped ones.
142
00:09:50,647 --> 00:09:53,138
The heart, I want the heart!
143
00:09:53,684 --> 00:09:54,673
I was glad.
144
00:09:55,319 --> 00:09:57,651
I immediately filmed them up close,
145
00:09:59,423 --> 00:10:02,256
and set about filming
perilously with one hand
146
00:10:02,426 --> 00:10:05,259
my other hand
gleaning heart-shaped potatoes.
147
00:10:15,839 --> 00:10:17,773
Then I took a few home with me.
148
00:10:20,110 --> 00:10:23,204
I looked at them again,
filmed them again.
149
00:10:31,422 --> 00:10:34,619
Then it dawned upon me:
the Good Heart Charity Meals.
150
00:10:35,459 --> 00:10:37,859
Why not organize an expedition
151
00:10:38,195 --> 00:10:39,560
on the day the potatoes
152
00:10:39,763 --> 00:10:41,526
are to be dumped?
153
00:10:42,733 --> 00:10:47,261
When I think of all the food gone
bad that's enough to make me mad
154
00:10:47,638 --> 00:10:51,165
If you've been kicked out
and you're down and out
155
00:10:51,375 --> 00:10:53,673
Then you need food for nought
156
00:10:53,877 --> 00:10:56,402
I take a few for me and my kids,
157
00:10:59,550 --> 00:11:01,848
and we collect together.
158
00:11:03,487 --> 00:11:07,184
I've joined the Charity Meals
because I was unemployed.
159
00:11:07,357 --> 00:11:10,622
I still am but I expect
to start on a trial job soon
160
00:11:10,794 --> 00:11:14,821
and meanwhile, I'd rather
help people than do nothing,
161
00:11:15,165 --> 00:11:17,224
help people in dire straits.
162
00:11:17,501 --> 00:11:19,662
I'm a single mother.
163
00:11:20,437 --> 00:11:23,873
I get food from the Red Cross
and the Charity Meals.
164
00:11:25,642 --> 00:11:28,167
When I see all this go to waste
165
00:11:28,345 --> 00:11:31,314
and that some people
have nothing to eat,
166
00:11:31,482 --> 00:11:33,245
it's really disgraceful.
167
00:11:35,786 --> 00:11:38,721
On that day
they collected almost 7 00 lbs.
168
00:11:38,889 --> 00:11:41,357
At least that's something.
169
00:11:50,567 --> 00:11:53,195
A little later,
almost on the same spot,
170
00:11:53,370 --> 00:11:55,395
we saw a man approaching.
171
00:11:57,708 --> 00:12:00,734
I went over to him and asked him
172
00:12:01,078 --> 00:12:03,410
how much he thought there was.
173
00:12:05,782 --> 00:12:09,775
Almost a ton if you add
all the mounds together,
174
00:12:10,521 --> 00:12:12,785
a ton of potatoes wasted.
175
00:12:13,557 --> 00:12:16,424
Same thing with cauliflowers,
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00:12:16,627 --> 00:12:19,289
fruit and vegetables
in other regions,
177
00:12:19,463 --> 00:12:22,864
but here it's potato country,
and we take what we find.
178
00:12:23,901 --> 00:12:27,769
We're better off working
in the fields than shoplifting.
179
00:12:28,839 --> 00:12:31,865
It's the same for all of us,
I'm not alone.
180
00:12:32,709 --> 00:12:34,574
We get by as best we can.
181
00:12:35,312 --> 00:12:37,576
We do potatoes,
we look in trash cans,
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00:12:38,782 --> 00:12:40,841
that keeps me going for now.
183
00:12:41,485 --> 00:12:43,350
It's a hard life, that's all.
184
00:12:43,520 --> 00:12:45,886
The year 2K is upon us, great, heh?
185
00:12:51,528 --> 00:12:53,758
OK, I'm on my way with my 7 0 lbs,
186
00:12:54,498 --> 00:12:58,434
and there are several tons left,
which could be picked,
187
00:12:58,602 --> 00:13:02,333
but people don't know
where to come to. There you are.
188
00:13:17,187 --> 00:13:19,587
They are hoboes in caravans.
189
00:13:19,756 --> 00:13:23,783
We are gypsies, we travel around.
They're different from us.
190
00:13:26,496 --> 00:13:30,091
It needs to be cut up
for the scrap merchant to come.
191
00:13:30,434 --> 00:13:34,734
We don't have the necessary tools.
No electricity,just candles.
192
00:13:34,905 --> 00:13:36,736
What do you do for water?
193
00:13:36,907 --> 00:13:38,169
What?
194
00:13:38,342 --> 00:13:41,675
Water?
That's all we have. It's over there.
195
00:13:42,679 --> 00:13:45,273
That's our tap.
196
00:13:47,184 --> 00:13:49,516
- What if it freezes?
- If it freezes...
197
00:13:50,254 --> 00:13:53,155
we pad around the pipe,
or we let it drip
198
00:13:53,624 --> 00:13:56,684
to stop it freezing
when it gets really cold,
199
00:13:56,860 --> 00:14:01,388
like last year,
when it got to -7 0F on the ground.
200
00:14:02,332 --> 00:14:03,424
You get used to it.
201
00:14:14,344 --> 00:14:15,709
You seem to like beer?
202
00:14:15,879 --> 00:14:18,211
I'd drink anything.
203
00:14:18,382 --> 00:14:20,316
How many beers is that?
204
00:14:20,484 --> 00:14:22,315
I drink a pack a day.
205
00:14:22,486 --> 00:14:25,182
- What?
- Yeah, a pack of 2 4 a day.
206
00:14:25,389 --> 00:14:26,822
2 4 or even 3 2.
207
00:14:29,793 --> 00:14:31,784
Tell me what happened to you.
208
00:14:32,129 --> 00:14:34,324
Did you have a house before?
209
00:14:34,498 --> 00:14:36,728
Yeah, I had a job.
210
00:14:37,334 --> 00:14:39,598
I worked impossible hours,
211
00:14:39,770 --> 00:14:41,670
21 or 22 hours a day.
212
00:14:41,838 --> 00:14:43,328
- Truck driving?
- Yeah.
213
00:14:43,507 --> 00:14:44,804
- A trucker?
- Yes.
214
00:14:45,142 --> 00:14:47,736
I drove long vehicles.
215
00:14:48,478 --> 00:14:52,414
Then one day the police
breathalyzed me and then...
216
00:14:52,716 --> 00:14:55,844
that's how I lost my job.
217
00:14:56,753 --> 00:15:01,349
Then my wife left me,
she took my three kids with her,
218
00:15:02,092 --> 00:15:04,583
and I was in free-fall after that.
219
00:15:04,761 --> 00:15:06,194
Divorce, everything?
220
00:15:06,363 --> 00:15:10,163
Yes, and I haven't seen my kids
for almost 2 years.
221
00:15:10,467 --> 00:15:12,560
They're 500 miles away from me.
222
00:15:12,736 --> 00:15:14,499
I can't go and see them.
223
00:15:14,671 --> 00:15:16,730
I don't have a car or a license.
224
00:15:17,774 --> 00:15:19,799
- It's terrible.
- Yes it is.
225
00:15:20,143 --> 00:15:22,634
I think of them every single day.
226
00:15:25,649 --> 00:15:29,244
- Here's Guilene.
- She'll tell you everything.
227
00:15:29,686 --> 00:15:33,349
Did you know that once
they're through picking potatoes,
228
00:15:33,523 --> 00:15:36,287
you're allowed to take leftovers?
- No.
229
00:15:36,660 --> 00:15:38,525
You didn't know?
230
00:15:38,695 --> 00:15:41,163
- It's not allowed.
- Yes it is!
231
00:15:41,365 --> 00:15:44,232
I have something
very important to say:
232
00:15:44,401 --> 00:15:48,269
Why has the Mayor put us here,
I've been here four years,
233
00:15:48,472 --> 00:15:50,497
and now he wants us to go.
234
00:15:50,774 --> 00:15:53,402
He says he was fed up
with us gypsies,
235
00:15:53,577 --> 00:15:56,341
but I want to stay here.
236
00:15:57,247 --> 00:15:59,772
I had an apartment
but it cost too much.
237
00:16:00,317 --> 00:16:02,785
Her first trailer cost her $3 50
238
00:16:03,320 --> 00:16:04,719
and the latest one,
239
00:16:05,055 --> 00:16:08,422
where I am housed at the moment,
$3 5.
240
00:16:09,659 --> 00:16:10,648
We met
241
00:16:10,861 --> 00:16:14,558
when I was working
in a cafe as a cleaning woman,
242
00:16:14,731 --> 00:16:16,528
that's how we met.
243
00:16:17,634 --> 00:16:22,435
So long as there's welfare
money left, OK, but after...
244
00:16:23,440 --> 00:16:25,670
we have to get by somehow.
245
00:16:25,842 --> 00:16:28,504
Then we have to beg
246
00:16:29,146 --> 00:16:30,841
and forage through the trash.
247
00:16:31,481 --> 00:16:34,678
We find food in the garbage.
248
00:16:34,851 --> 00:16:35,818
Good food?
249
00:16:36,153 --> 00:16:40,522
We're badly off. We do find
good food. Which could still be
250
00:16:41,224 --> 00:16:45,160
sold in shops. But they have to
change their shelves.
251
00:16:45,395 --> 00:16:48,796
We take advantage of that,
it's a lucky draw.
252
00:16:49,132 --> 00:16:52,533
But we have to comb
all the garbage cans everywhere
253
00:16:52,736 --> 00:16:54,294
to recover stuff.
254
00:16:54,704 --> 00:16:55,830
See for yourself.
255
00:17:01,745 --> 00:17:03,110
For the soup!
256
00:17:06,783 --> 00:17:08,751
My bunch of flowers!
257
00:17:09,152 --> 00:17:12,246
- Another cucumber.
- Sure, there's plenty.
258
00:17:13,190 --> 00:17:15,317
That comes from the trash.
259
00:17:15,725 --> 00:17:19,320
The expiry date is 1 1 -29,
two days ago.
260
00:17:19,496 --> 00:17:21,225
- One day ago.
- Right.
261
00:17:21,398 --> 00:17:25,801
That's still valid for seven
or eight days, a week or so.
262
00:17:26,470 --> 00:17:29,337
I've got fish which I found there.
263
00:17:29,639 --> 00:17:32,039
It's good until 1 2-2 4.
264
00:17:32,209 --> 00:17:33,699
We found it in the trash.
265
00:17:34,711 --> 00:17:38,442
We're not afraid to get our
hands dirty. You can wash hands.
266
00:17:43,487 --> 00:17:46,149
Hey, guys, the new appetizer
267
00:17:46,556 --> 00:17:49,491
is lamb kidney in a chicory
root sauce
268
00:17:50,260 --> 00:17:52,728
with a potato fritter
269
00:17:54,097 --> 00:17:56,122
and an aniseed and nut soup
270
00:17:56,299 --> 00:17:58,699
and mushroom mousse
with truffle oil.
271
00:18:02,672 --> 00:18:04,663
As I watched all this cooking,
272
00:18:04,841 --> 00:18:08,504
I asked the chef
if there were lots of leftovers, and
273
00:18:08,678 --> 00:18:10,202
what he did with them.
274
00:18:10,514 --> 00:18:12,106
Nothing should be wasted.
275
00:18:12,282 --> 00:18:15,547
With the leftover lentils,
we make a lentil soup,
276
00:18:15,719 --> 00:18:18,051
we mince the greenery into a gratin,
277
00:18:18,221 --> 00:18:20,246
the meat bones we use for stock
278
00:18:20,423 --> 00:18:23,256
the fish bones for sauce.
279
00:18:24,060 --> 00:18:25,755
We don't throw anything away.
280
00:18:26,496 --> 00:18:29,090
You have to be economical.
281
00:18:30,066 --> 00:18:33,558
If I had to buy all the herbs
I pick daily on the hills...
282
00:18:33,737 --> 00:18:36,706
A small bunch of savory
like this is $1 .50
283
00:18:36,873 --> 00:18:39,467
and we use about 20
of them every day.
284
00:18:39,643 --> 00:18:42,203
We'd be spending a fortune on herbs.
285
00:18:42,379 --> 00:18:44,210
Anyway, I love picking them.
286
00:18:49,085 --> 00:18:51,747
That nice inventive and thrifty chef
287
00:18:52,088 --> 00:18:54,556
offers a gourmet menu for $1 00.
288
00:18:55,191 --> 00:18:58,092
Edouard Loubet
is the youngest French chef
289
00:18:58,261 --> 00:19:00,729
to have earned 2 stars
in the Michelin guide,
290
00:19:01,064 --> 00:19:03,032
now called the Red Guide.
291
00:19:03,800 --> 00:19:07,463
Surprisingly enough,
Edouard is also a born gleaner,
292
00:19:07,637 --> 00:19:09,537
or rather a born picker.
293
00:19:09,706 --> 00:19:14,439
With his hat on, in his shirt sleeves,
he looks like a Provencal figurine.
294
00:19:17,514 --> 00:19:19,641
Don't tread on the apples!
295
00:19:21,484 --> 00:19:23,816
We take what
the farmers leave behind
296
00:19:24,187 --> 00:19:26,621
or we pick the ripe fruit
on the trees.
297
00:19:26,790 --> 00:19:29,452
This is the best thing you can use
298
00:19:29,626 --> 00:19:32,561
to make good spirits
or good fruit jelly.
299
00:19:34,364 --> 00:19:36,423
I never miss the chance.
300
00:19:37,367 --> 00:19:40,564
How come you, a chef, also pick?
301
00:19:41,071 --> 00:19:44,472
Firstly because
my grandparents taught me to
302
00:19:44,641 --> 00:19:47,269
along fields and roads,
303
00:19:47,444 --> 00:19:51,175
and also because
304
00:19:51,348 --> 00:19:55,375
I then know what produce I get
and where I get it from.
305
00:19:55,552 --> 00:19:58,453
I don't want
refrigerated produce from Italy
306
00:19:58,622 --> 00:20:02,524
which is sold only when someone
feels like saying it is ripe.
307
00:20:04,728 --> 00:20:06,753
As we're talking grapes and wine...
308
00:20:07,097 --> 00:20:08,189
Let's go, Isa!
309
00:20:08,365 --> 00:20:10,458
...we might as well go to
a wine area.
310
00:20:10,634 --> 00:20:12,659
We're off to Burgundy.
311
00:20:16,473 --> 00:20:19,874
On the road,
there are trucks, lots of trucks,
312
00:20:20,410 --> 00:20:23,573
of the kind we loved
when we were kids.
313
00:20:23,880 --> 00:20:26,371
We pass them and gaze at them.
314
00:20:26,549 --> 00:20:30,144
Here's a very big one
passing us, transporting cars,
315
00:20:30,854 --> 00:20:32,549
and here's another one.
316
00:20:36,192 --> 00:20:39,218
And now we are passing him,
317
00:20:39,396 --> 00:20:41,762
we struggle a little
to pass this one.
318
00:20:41,931 --> 00:20:43,660
It's like a child's game.
319
00:20:47,737 --> 00:20:49,602
We're arriving in Burgundy.
320
00:20:50,740 --> 00:20:53,208
Beaune to me
is above all the Hospices
321
00:20:53,376 --> 00:20:55,503
and the painting by Van der Weyden,
322
00:20:55,745 --> 00:20:57,576
The LastJudgment.
323
00:21:00,650 --> 00:21:04,609
The Archangel Michael weighs
and judges the deeds of the dead.
324
00:21:07,123 --> 00:21:10,115
The ones who are light
are to be resurrected,
325
00:21:10,293 --> 00:21:13,785
and the heavy ones
are to suffer in hell.
326
00:21:57,173 --> 00:22:01,337
The grape harvest is over,
and yet nobody is in sight.
327
00:22:01,745 --> 00:22:02,712
Why is that?
328
00:22:03,113 --> 00:22:06,378
If you want your wine
to be ranked as vintage,
329
00:22:06,549 --> 00:22:08,540
the yearly production is limited.
330
00:22:08,718 --> 00:22:11,516
That means you can only produce
331
00:22:11,688 --> 00:22:14,657
a certain quota per plot.
332
00:22:15,725 --> 00:22:19,684
Growing up, I didn't hear
much about pickers.
333
00:22:19,863 --> 00:22:24,493
Wine growers have always
protected themselves against them,
334
00:22:24,801 --> 00:22:27,736
for if you let people
pick in your vines,
335
00:22:27,904 --> 00:22:30,668
how can you be sure they are not
336
00:22:30,907 --> 00:22:33,341
going to pick on a large scale?
337
00:22:36,246 --> 00:22:40,080
These vintage vines
have been entirely harvested
338
00:22:40,250 --> 00:22:44,550
and the surplus has been
deliberately left on the ground.
339
00:22:45,288 --> 00:22:47,882
They're drying out,
lost for everybody.
340
00:22:48,525 --> 00:22:51,892
It's a measure to protect
our profession and capital.
341
00:22:54,531 --> 00:22:55,725
What you see here,
342
00:22:56,166 --> 00:22:59,658
is called second
generation grapes, verjuice,
343
00:23:00,136 --> 00:23:03,469
or conscripts,
depending on the area.
344
00:23:04,874 --> 00:23:06,068
Conscripts.
345
00:23:06,476 --> 00:23:07,534
Like soldiers?
346
00:23:07,710 --> 00:23:12,579
Exactly, like conscripts.
Some people pick them.
347
00:23:13,483 --> 00:23:16,475
It's a second harvest
and yields a cheaper wine
348
00:23:16,653 --> 00:23:18,382
called wine of the pickings.
349
00:23:20,089 --> 00:23:22,819
- Will it taste of Pommard?
- No, not at all.
350
00:23:23,860 --> 00:23:27,591
It makes a table wine,
a really cheap table wine.
351
00:23:28,565 --> 00:23:32,296
The vintage wine region
is not a good one for picking.
352
00:23:34,103 --> 00:23:37,504
Gleaning, or picking,
is forbidden in Burgundy.
353
00:23:37,674 --> 00:23:40,108
It ended 3 or 4 years ago.
354
00:23:40,276 --> 00:23:42,471
It's sad, but that's the way it is.
355
00:23:43,379 --> 00:23:45,609
Gleaning was lovely.
356
00:23:46,616 --> 00:23:49,278
We would see the gleaner,
tramping along,
357
00:23:49,452 --> 00:23:50,817
Gathering the relics
358
00:23:51,187 --> 00:23:54,486
Of that which is falling
Behind the reaper...
359
00:23:54,691 --> 00:23:56,386
- Do you know?
- Du Bellay?
360
00:23:56,726 --> 00:23:58,694
- Right?
- It is.
361
00:23:59,162 --> 00:24:01,221
Impressive, you know it by heart!
362
00:24:02,632 --> 00:24:05,100
I took over my father's estate.
363
00:24:08,571 --> 00:24:11,233
From the grape to the bottle,
364
00:24:11,407 --> 00:24:13,398
I am the only master on board.
365
00:24:14,377 --> 00:24:16,641
I have no cellarman,
no head cellarman.
366
00:24:18,748 --> 00:24:24,050
With Nadine, we choose the best
blends for our Chateau bottles.
367
00:24:24,220 --> 00:24:26,586
- Do you both choose?
- We both do.
368
00:24:27,824 --> 00:24:29,086
Jean Laplanche,
369
00:24:29,525 --> 00:24:30,822
a keen wine grower,
370
00:24:31,361 --> 00:24:34,296
has another calling, psychotherapy.
371
00:24:34,631 --> 00:24:39,159
I am a practicing therapist,
but above all a theoretician,
372
00:24:39,335 --> 00:24:41,667
or rather a philosopher of therapy.
373
00:24:42,438 --> 00:24:43,803
What's your theory?
374
00:24:44,140 --> 00:24:48,600
What distinguishes me,
is that I have tried to integrate
375
00:24:49,579 --> 00:24:51,843
into man's psyche,
376
00:24:52,348 --> 00:24:57,547
the Other above the Ego, i.e.
I developed an anti-ego philosophy,
377
00:24:57,720 --> 00:25:01,156
a philosophy which shows
how man first originates
378
00:25:01,324 --> 00:25:03,087
in the Other.
379
00:25:03,559 --> 00:25:05,459
He copes with his double life?
380
00:25:05,628 --> 00:25:07,687
- Rather well.
- He's good, isn't he?
381
00:25:07,864 --> 00:25:11,664
- Rather well.
- He's intelligent, I think. And modest.
382
00:25:12,168 --> 00:25:13,726
It keeps me going.
383
00:25:14,504 --> 00:25:16,802
- Isn't it daunting for you?
- What is?
384
00:25:17,140 --> 00:25:19,836
That he is a therapist
and makes wine too.
385
00:25:20,176 --> 00:25:23,236
I was analyzed
so as to learn a little more.
386
00:25:23,413 --> 00:25:24,812
- By him?
- No, by Lacan.
387
00:25:25,148 --> 00:25:27,275
- Ages ago.
- I was very young.
388
00:25:27,450 --> 00:25:29,077
A long time ago.
389
00:25:29,319 --> 00:25:31,219
We'll be married 50 years
390
00:25:31,888 --> 00:25:33,355
in the year 2000.
391
00:25:34,624 --> 00:25:37,092
Tell me how you met.
392
00:25:38,294 --> 00:25:41,229
At a village dance,
where most people meet.
393
00:25:42,165 --> 00:25:43,598
- The kiss!
- Right...
394
00:25:43,766 --> 00:25:46,166
No one's interested in that!
395
00:25:49,205 --> 00:25:51,173
I must tell you something,
396
00:25:51,341 --> 00:25:54,276
something the whole world
should know about.
397
00:25:54,711 --> 00:25:57,111
I met him,
it was like a lightning bolt.
398
00:25:57,213 --> 00:25:58,237
You see?
399
00:25:58,414 --> 00:26:02,407
The way he was dressed,
I couldn't possibly miss him.
400
00:26:03,453 --> 00:26:06,445
He had a red cap on, honest,
401
00:26:06,622 --> 00:26:09,648
he was back from the Riviera.
He looked so...
402
00:26:09,826 --> 00:26:12,727
He had a red cotton cap,
403
00:26:13,062 --> 00:26:15,622
a green shirt,
404
00:26:15,798 --> 00:26:19,029
mustard yellow pants,
405
00:26:19,202 --> 00:26:21,568
rope espadrilles and...
406
00:26:21,738 --> 00:26:23,137
- Yellow ones!
- Right.
407
00:26:23,306 --> 00:26:27,834
And a multicolored belt.
I couldn't miss him,just couldn't.
408
00:26:30,680 --> 00:26:32,545
How was she dressed?
409
00:26:33,349 --> 00:26:36,477
That I can't remember.
Yeah, it's the old story.
410
00:26:36,819 --> 00:26:40,311
But I didn't fall
for her right away.
411
00:26:40,523 --> 00:26:42,388
It all came later with me.
412
00:26:42,692 --> 00:26:44,387
How mean of me!
413
00:26:47,697 --> 00:26:49,164
Is it true, Huguette?
414
00:26:49,332 --> 00:26:51,823
- I'm not in his heart.
- It's true.
415
00:26:56,372 --> 00:26:58,704
This is Laurent, my son.
416
00:26:58,875 --> 00:27:01,139
A gleaner or a picker,
I'm not sure.
417
00:27:01,310 --> 00:27:03,801
But I heard Glanum, not gleaning,
418
00:27:04,147 --> 00:27:07,708
that's why I talked
about Saint-Remy, where Glanum is.
419
00:27:11,054 --> 00:27:12,078
Gleaning, no.
420
00:27:12,255 --> 00:27:16,089
Because gleaning is very different
from picking, you see.
421
00:27:16,259 --> 00:27:17,556
But picking, yes.
422
00:27:18,061 --> 00:27:19,551
What's the difference?
423
00:27:19,729 --> 00:27:23,096
The difference is that
you pick fruit that hangs,
424
00:27:23,266 --> 00:27:27,430
that is hanging,
but you glean things that sprout.
425
00:27:27,603 --> 00:27:29,400
Like grain. It's different.
426
00:27:30,606 --> 00:27:32,233
Olives and grain.
427
00:27:32,809 --> 00:27:34,208
Almonds...
428
00:27:36,179 --> 00:27:39,046
Figs too,
people make jams out of figs.
429
00:27:39,816 --> 00:27:41,750
The fig, you pick.
430
00:27:44,654 --> 00:27:46,713
Look, nature's wonders!
431
00:27:46,889 --> 00:27:49,119
Overripe and beautiful!
432
00:27:56,265 --> 00:27:58,199
That's fruit from heaven!
433
00:28:00,203 --> 00:28:03,570
I half-feel like interfering,
434
00:28:03,739 --> 00:28:07,573
but it is none of my business,
it's their fruit.
435
00:28:10,146 --> 00:28:13,274
This one's almost
pure alcohol, I'll be tipsy.
436
00:28:14,150 --> 00:28:16,710
Anyway, half the people are stingy.
437
00:28:17,854 --> 00:28:22,655
They won't allow gleaning because
they don't feel like being nice.
438
00:28:25,128 --> 00:28:26,390
There's a lot left.
439
00:28:26,729 --> 00:28:28,720
The harvest is over now.
440
00:28:29,065 --> 00:28:30,293
Are these not edible?
441
00:28:30,466 --> 00:28:34,459
Edible, yes, but not good
for making candied fruits.
442
00:28:34,704 --> 00:28:37,639
Do you allow people to collect them?
443
00:28:38,074 --> 00:28:42,238
No. I'm not the owner, but up to now,
it's never been allowed.
444
00:28:43,746 --> 00:28:46,271
The harvest of the cabbages is over,
445
00:28:46,449 --> 00:28:48,747
only a few are left here and there.
446
00:28:49,085 --> 00:28:51,645
These cabbages can be gleaned
447
00:28:51,821 --> 00:28:54,756
with absolute impunity
448
00:28:55,091 --> 00:28:57,525
by gleaners from Avignon or around.
449
00:28:58,561 --> 00:29:00,051
Here are lovely tomatoes.
450
00:29:00,163 --> 00:29:03,064
The machine couldn't take
what's too low.
451
00:29:03,766 --> 00:29:05,290
All these tomatoes,
452
00:29:05,468 --> 00:29:09,700
which are just as red
as my bible, the penal code,
453
00:29:10,072 --> 00:29:12,131
all can be gleaned.
454
00:29:12,575 --> 00:29:16,136
And it's not me,
it's the penal code that says so,
455
00:29:16,312 --> 00:29:19,679
in article R-26.1 0. Here:
456
00:29:20,650 --> 00:29:25,212
gleaning is allowed
from sunup until sundown.
457
00:29:25,388 --> 00:29:26,719
First requirement.
458
00:29:27,423 --> 00:29:29,015
The second requirement
459
00:29:29,192 --> 00:29:31,717
is that gleaning
occurs after the harvest.
460
00:29:32,328 --> 00:29:36,025
And here, we can clearly see
the harvest is over.
461
00:29:36,566 --> 00:29:38,761
Paging through
an old law commentary
462
00:29:39,101 --> 00:29:41,035
I happened upon a decree,
463
00:29:41,204 --> 00:29:45,732
or rather an edict,
dated Nov. 2, 1 5 54
464
00:29:46,242 --> 00:29:48,733
which says
just the same as the law today.
465
00:29:49,078 --> 00:29:53,378
It allows the poor, the wretched,
466
00:29:53,549 --> 00:29:57,508
the deprived, to enter the fields
once harvesting is over.
467
00:29:58,120 --> 00:30:01,180
Old documents talk
of the poor, the destitute,
468
00:30:01,357 --> 00:30:05,259
but how are we to consider
those who want for nothing
469
00:30:05,494 --> 00:30:07,428
and glean just for fun?
470
00:30:07,597 --> 00:30:10,191
It's as if they needed
something too.
471
00:30:10,433 --> 00:30:14,199
If they glean for fun, it's because
they have a need for fun.
472
00:30:14,370 --> 00:30:17,567
So if the requirements
and the times are adhered to,
473
00:30:17,740 --> 00:30:20,300
they can glean as the poor used to.
474
00:30:20,610 --> 00:30:21,634
Thank you.
475
00:30:21,744 --> 00:30:23,837
Sure.
I'll take a walk in the cabbages.
476
00:30:31,187 --> 00:30:34,418
I'll walk my small camera
among the colored cabbages
477
00:30:34,590 --> 00:30:37,582
and film other vegetables
which catch my eye.
478
00:31:02,151 --> 00:31:05,245
On this type of gleaning,
of images, impressions,
479
00:31:05,421 --> 00:31:07,355
there is no legislation,
480
00:31:07,523 --> 00:31:11,619
and gleaning is defined figuratively
as a mental activity.
481
00:31:11,794 --> 00:31:14,262
To glean facts, acts and deeds,
482
00:31:14,430 --> 00:31:16,364
to glean information.
483
00:31:16,666 --> 00:31:18,293
And for forgetful me,
484
00:31:18,467 --> 00:31:22,198
it's what I have gleaned
that tells where I've been.
485
00:31:22,505 --> 00:31:26,703
From Japan, I brought back in
my case souvenirs I had gleaned.
486
00:31:34,450 --> 00:31:37,283
I am back home, the cats are here,
487
00:31:37,586 --> 00:31:38,416
there's mail,
488
00:31:38,821 --> 00:31:41,415
one plant's died,
the others haven't.
489
00:31:41,691 --> 00:31:45,457
Then I look at the leak
in the ceiling and the mold,
490
00:31:45,695 --> 00:31:46,821
I got used to it.
491
00:31:47,630 --> 00:31:49,495
I like it in the end.
492
00:31:49,665 --> 00:31:52,361
It's like a landscape,
an abstract painting,
493
00:31:52,768 --> 00:31:53,894
a Tapies,
494
00:31:54,570 --> 00:31:55,594
a Guo Qiang,
495
00:31:56,439 --> 00:31:57,872
a Borderie.
496
00:31:58,441 --> 00:31:59,840
There's water dripping,
497
00:32:00,142 --> 00:32:01,609
I open my suitcase.
498
00:32:29,638 --> 00:32:33,665
Amazing,
in a department store in Tokyo,
499
00:32:34,276 --> 00:32:35,743
on the top floor,
500
00:32:36,145 --> 00:32:38,136
there were Rembrandt paintings,
501
00:32:38,681 --> 00:32:40,114
original Rembrandts.
502
00:32:40,383 --> 00:32:42,544
Saskia, up close.
503
00:32:44,420 --> 00:32:46,411
And then my hand up close,
504
00:32:47,623 --> 00:32:49,716
I mean, this is my project:
505
00:32:49,892 --> 00:32:52,452
to film with one hand my other hand.
506
00:32:54,497 --> 00:32:56,226
To enter into the horror of it.
507
00:32:56,399 --> 00:32:58,333
I find it extraordinary.
508
00:32:58,701 --> 00:33:00,726
I feel as if I am an animal,
509
00:33:01,170 --> 00:33:04,435
worse, I am an animal I don't know.
510
00:33:06,776 --> 00:33:09,574
And here's Rembrandt's
self-portrait,
511
00:33:10,546 --> 00:33:14,175
but it's just the same in fact,
always a self-portrait.
512
00:33:19,522 --> 00:33:21,149
Maurice Utrillo's
513
00:33:21,590 --> 00:33:25,151
we saw in a very small museum
514
00:33:25,361 --> 00:33:28,421
in the former City Hall of Sannois.
515
00:33:29,565 --> 00:33:30,759
We were going
516
00:33:31,133 --> 00:33:34,728
to film nearby, at Herve's,
alias VR99.
517
00:33:35,337 --> 00:33:38,465
In the year 2000,
his alias will be VR2000.
518
00:33:39,408 --> 00:33:41,239
'Loading up'
519
00:33:41,410 --> 00:33:46,347
means retrieving
heavy objects people get rid of.
520
00:33:46,882 --> 00:33:48,509
To do so,
521
00:33:48,684 --> 00:33:53,087
town councils and city halls provide
522
00:33:53,255 --> 00:33:56,088
small maps such as this one.
523
00:33:56,258 --> 00:33:59,659
It shows all the streets,
the districts and the days
524
00:34:00,796 --> 00:34:05,165
on which one can go
and pick them up.
525
00:34:06,769 --> 00:34:10,705
I think the maps show
where to dump things rather.
526
00:34:11,207 --> 00:34:13,038
Yes, right, well,
527
00:34:13,209 --> 00:34:16,736
I read the map my own way because
528
00:34:17,346 --> 00:34:20,474
that's where I find my raw material.
529
00:34:21,383 --> 00:34:26,252
I am, among other things,
a painter and a retriever.
530
00:34:26,722 --> 00:34:29,156
I prefer night time,
531
00:34:29,325 --> 00:34:35,059
and because I go by bike,
I can only carry small things home.
532
00:34:36,332 --> 00:34:38,596
It'll be easier if I show you.
533
00:34:40,369 --> 00:34:44,271
I make images
from salvaged material,
534
00:34:44,440 --> 00:34:45,839
frames from wood,
535
00:34:46,308 --> 00:34:49,607
I use food packages, slates,
536
00:34:50,145 --> 00:34:53,376
and then I also recycle
537
00:34:53,582 --> 00:34:57,211
my own packets of cigarette paper,
538
00:34:57,887 --> 00:35:01,379
and what's good about these objects
539
00:35:01,757 --> 00:35:04,624
is that they have a past,
they've already had a life,
540
00:35:04,827 --> 00:35:07,352
and they're still very much alive.
541
00:35:07,530 --> 00:35:10,658
All you have to do
is give them a second chance.
542
00:35:16,438 --> 00:35:20,272
All you need to do is
wander around, locate sites,
543
00:35:20,442 --> 00:35:24,776
and then simply help yourself,
like in a real department store.
544
00:35:27,416 --> 00:35:30,510
On site, you find heaps
of heavy objects,
545
00:35:30,686 --> 00:35:33,348
it is best to get there quickly,
546
00:35:33,522 --> 00:35:35,786
because the competition is fierce.
547
00:35:36,125 --> 00:35:38,320
Objects go quickly.
548
00:35:49,605 --> 00:35:53,803
They're like presents left
on the street, it's like Christmas.
549
00:35:55,811 --> 00:36:00,077
When I was a kid, my grandfather
used to salvage things as well.
550
00:36:00,349 --> 00:36:01,509
He made piles.
551
00:36:01,684 --> 00:36:05,211
I've always liked
the world of dumps and salvage,
552
00:36:06,488 --> 00:36:10,117
anything that's been
sort of discarded by society.
553
00:36:11,193 --> 00:36:13,058
It's like a cavern here.
554
00:36:13,262 --> 00:36:15,594
My own little cavern, that's right.
555
00:36:18,334 --> 00:36:20,097
A place where I combine
556
00:36:20,402 --> 00:36:21,699
objects differently.
557
00:36:22,504 --> 00:36:24,404
I need to accumulate.
558
00:36:24,607 --> 00:36:26,302
It's a shelter as well?
559
00:36:27,276 --> 00:36:28,470
From what?
560
00:36:29,411 --> 00:36:32,244
From emptiness.
Because it's full here.
561
00:36:34,149 --> 00:36:38,518
I'm moving towards emptiness now,
or rather, towards lessness.
562
00:36:38,687 --> 00:36:40,621
As much lessness as possible.
563
00:36:40,789 --> 00:36:42,814
- You're still a long way away!
- I am.
564
00:36:44,226 --> 00:36:46,353
Right now, I store up things
565
00:36:46,528 --> 00:36:49,725
because I know
I will need to recycle some.
566
00:36:50,366 --> 00:36:52,391
The encounter happens
on the street.
567
00:36:52,568 --> 00:36:56,368
The object beckons me,
because it belongs here in a way.
568
00:36:59,141 --> 00:37:01,735
The encounter also happens
on the road,
569
00:37:02,077 --> 00:37:03,635
and it happened to us.
570
00:37:04,546 --> 00:37:07,140
On our left, an abandoned factory.
571
00:37:07,750 --> 00:37:11,311
On the other side, a sign '' Finds''.
572
00:37:11,720 --> 00:37:15,212
''Curios'' is common,
but '' Finds'' is more inviting.
573
00:37:22,097 --> 00:37:23,564
Hello, how are you?
574
00:37:24,299 --> 00:37:25,391
Hello.
575
00:37:25,668 --> 00:37:28,068
Turn and face me!
He won't.
576
00:37:30,239 --> 00:37:32,833
I spotted some wheat behind
that chap,
577
00:37:33,275 --> 00:37:37,439
and behind the robot,
I discovered a painting on gleaning.
578
00:37:38,580 --> 00:37:39,638
It contained both
579
00:37:39,848 --> 00:37:42,442
the humble stooping
of Millet's Glaneuses
580
00:37:42,651 --> 00:37:45,381
and the proud posture
of Breton's Gleaner.
581
00:37:45,821 --> 00:37:48,813
The painter
had an old dictionary at hand.
582
00:37:50,125 --> 00:37:52,389
Honest, this is no movie trick,
583
00:37:52,561 --> 00:37:56,258
we really did find these Glaneuses
purely by chance.
584
00:37:56,732 --> 00:38:01,294
The painting had beckoned us because
it belonged here in this film.
585
00:38:03,505 --> 00:38:07,737
On the road again, off to the
Ideal Palace of Bodan Litnanski,
586
00:38:08,077 --> 00:38:10,602
a much visited,
much publicized place.
587
00:38:15,751 --> 00:38:19,084
This retired brickmason came
from Russia
588
00:38:19,254 --> 00:38:21,722
and started building totem towers
589
00:38:22,257 --> 00:38:24,248
made of scraps he found in dumps
590
00:38:24,460 --> 00:38:28,362
and brought back in his trailer
hooked up to his moped.
591
00:38:28,564 --> 00:38:31,192
It's solid stuff,
you know, very solid.
592
00:38:32,835 --> 00:38:34,700
I am a brickmason.
593
00:38:46,648 --> 00:38:50,709
I like dolls, they're my system.
594
00:38:50,886 --> 00:38:52,547
Dolls are characters.
595
00:38:58,293 --> 00:39:00,193
What do you think of all this?
596
00:39:00,529 --> 00:39:02,121
- He's an amateur.
- Sorry?
597
00:39:02,331 --> 00:39:03,525
He's an amateur.
598
00:39:03,832 --> 00:39:06,027
We can't stop him, we let him.
599
00:39:06,335 --> 00:39:08,496
But your husband is an artist.
600
00:39:08,670 --> 00:39:10,501
An artist, well, maybe...
601
00:39:11,707 --> 00:39:13,334
Why not?
602
00:39:13,509 --> 00:39:15,409
There's better than that.
603
00:39:15,577 --> 00:39:18,705
- What?
- Better, much better than that.
604
00:39:21,250 --> 00:39:23,445
Like Louis Pons, for instance,
605
00:39:23,619 --> 00:39:25,678
who uses junk as an inspiration.
606
00:39:26,655 --> 00:39:28,520
He draws through objects,
607
00:39:28,690 --> 00:39:30,282
he accommodates chance.
608
00:39:32,561 --> 00:39:35,428
All these objects around here
609
00:39:37,166 --> 00:39:38,724
are my dictionary,
610
00:39:39,101 --> 00:39:40,591
useless things.
611
00:39:42,437 --> 00:39:45,600
People think it's a cluster of junk.
612
00:39:45,774 --> 00:39:48,709
I see it as a cluster
of possibilities.
613
00:39:50,846 --> 00:39:54,475
Each object gives
a direction, each is a line,
614
00:39:54,650 --> 00:39:57,210
picked up here and there,
615
00:39:57,386 --> 00:39:59,581
indeed gleaned,
616
00:39:59,755 --> 00:40:02,280
and which become
617
00:40:02,658 --> 00:40:03,818
my paintings.
618
00:40:04,159 --> 00:40:06,218
The aim of art is to tidy up
619
00:40:06,428 --> 00:40:08,293
one's inner and exterior worlds.
620
00:40:08,463 --> 00:40:11,796
These are just crayons,
children's crayons.
621
00:40:13,101 --> 00:40:16,298
Here we have tins and spools...
622
00:40:17,105 --> 00:40:19,801
This is the tongue of a small bell.
623
00:40:21,109 --> 00:40:23,168
I make sentences from things.
624
00:40:24,580 --> 00:40:26,844
A cricket on a heap of trash.
625
00:40:28,584 --> 00:40:32,520
Cages are interesting too,
a bit like boats, like violins
626
00:40:32,688 --> 00:40:35,179
and things whose...
627
00:40:36,425 --> 00:40:39,588
shapes at first are very simple
and the same,
628
00:40:39,795 --> 00:40:42,730
but the possible variations
are infinite.
629
00:40:43,765 --> 00:40:46,393
These are skirting boards
and frames.
630
00:40:46,568 --> 00:40:49,264
There is a... from cars...
631
00:40:50,172 --> 00:40:51,366
a windshield wiper.
632
00:40:51,540 --> 00:40:53,633
But for me they are streaks.
633
00:40:53,809 --> 00:40:56,505
I have to balance the streaks.
634
00:40:56,678 --> 00:41:00,341
That's a statement.
Horizontal statements, nothing else.
635
00:41:13,095 --> 00:41:17,122
Again one hand filming
the other hand, and more trucks.
636
00:41:18,300 --> 00:41:19,528
I'd like to capture them.
637
00:41:20,469 --> 00:41:22,096
To retain things passing?
638
00:41:22,271 --> 00:41:23,533
No,just to play.
639
00:42:09,318 --> 00:42:10,649
Noirmoutier is an island
640
00:42:10,852 --> 00:42:14,549
renowned for its causeway
and its oysters.
641
00:42:15,724 --> 00:42:17,783
People glean there
642
00:42:18,126 --> 00:42:21,391
after rough storms
and very low tides.
643
00:42:28,170 --> 00:42:30,434
Storms dislodge oysters
from their beds
644
00:42:30,672 --> 00:42:32,469
and wash them ashore.
645
00:42:33,208 --> 00:42:36,473
But they all know
that around Christmas time,
646
00:42:36,645 --> 00:42:40,445
we are so busy
that we leave it to the gleaners.
647
00:42:41,116 --> 00:42:43,107
They go as soon as
648
00:42:43,318 --> 00:42:45,377
the storm has abated.
649
00:42:54,496 --> 00:42:57,260
A high sea over the beds
is a pretty sight
650
00:42:57,532 --> 00:42:59,625
but to profit from the low tide
651
00:42:59,835 --> 00:43:03,134
gleaners need a copy
of the Tide Tables.
652
00:43:05,507 --> 00:43:07,839
We come every year
for the lowest tide.
653
00:43:08,210 --> 00:43:11,646
They're going to follow
the receding sea
654
00:43:11,813 --> 00:43:14,281
and anything they find they pick up.
655
00:43:26,762 --> 00:43:30,220
People collect the oysters
that have come loose.
656
00:43:31,266 --> 00:43:34,667
In theory, they keep out
of the poles around the beds.
657
00:43:34,903 --> 00:43:36,495
They must keep out.
658
00:43:37,672 --> 00:43:38,832
They are too close.
659
00:43:39,608 --> 00:43:42,668
Here the oyster farmers
let them carry on, but...
660
00:43:43,345 --> 00:43:45,142
it degenerates sometimes.
661
00:43:45,647 --> 00:43:47,410
We don't trespass!
662
00:43:47,582 --> 00:43:50,312
The limit must be here, but...
663
00:43:50,519 --> 00:43:52,783
we encroach a little sometimes.
664
00:43:53,355 --> 00:43:56,449
We're not stupid.
We see others and do the same.
665
00:43:56,725 --> 00:43:59,216
If they tell us anything, we scram.
666
00:43:59,628 --> 00:44:02,392
It's tolerated
but not really allowed.
667
00:44:02,697 --> 00:44:04,665
It's not downright illegal.
668
00:44:05,233 --> 00:44:07,565
There still exists a right to glean,
669
00:44:07,736 --> 00:44:11,399
provided people glean
1 5 yards from the beds.
670
00:44:11,606 --> 00:44:14,507
- 25 yards away.
- Is it 25 yards now?
671
00:44:15,410 --> 00:44:17,378
What are people allowed to do?
672
00:44:17,546 --> 00:44:20,515
To collect up to 7 pounds each,
nothing more.
673
00:44:20,682 --> 00:44:23,446
- 1 0 yards away minimum.
- Right.
674
00:44:23,652 --> 00:44:25,176
1 1 pounds per person.
675
00:44:25,754 --> 00:44:29,349
7 pounds of clams
and 1 1 pounds of oysters,
676
00:44:29,524 --> 00:44:31,082
something like that.
677
00:44:31,626 --> 00:44:33,787
1 1 pounds per person, I think.
678
00:44:34,496 --> 00:44:36,054
Three dozen per person
679
00:44:36,231 --> 00:44:38,699
but surely they take more than that.
680
00:44:39,134 --> 00:44:41,432
They pick up small inedible oysters
681
00:44:41,603 --> 00:44:45,266
that were churned
by the waves and are full of sand.
682
00:44:45,440 --> 00:44:48,204
People from the mainland eat them,
683
00:44:48,376 --> 00:44:50,276
and then say they get sick.
684
00:45:00,122 --> 00:45:02,317
TheJura region was flooded.
685
00:45:02,524 --> 00:45:05,049
The river Dard barred our route.
686
00:45:12,234 --> 00:45:15,761
I liked it when
animals barred my way,
687
00:45:16,138 --> 00:45:17,799
or I just stopped for them.
688
00:45:58,380 --> 00:46:01,008
The Nenon family,
in the hills near Apt,
689
00:46:01,183 --> 00:46:03,413
present a special case of picking.
690
00:46:03,752 --> 00:46:07,415
The vineyard they found
was wholly abandoned.
691
00:46:08,590 --> 00:46:11,218
That's a fully fledged harvest here!
692
00:46:11,726 --> 00:46:15,526
Yes, the entire vineyard
was left unpruned last year.
693
00:46:15,830 --> 00:46:18,799
An entire harvest
going to waste.
694
00:46:19,434 --> 00:46:23,131
I spotted this place
and I was very intrigued by it.
695
00:46:23,338 --> 00:46:25,238
Could anybody say anything?
696
00:46:26,741 --> 00:46:29,835
- Don't the owners care?
- No. After Nov. 1 ,
697
00:46:30,212 --> 00:46:33,443
we are allowed
to pick grapes in the vineyards.
698
00:46:35,450 --> 00:46:39,045
If not, they're eaten
by wild boars or birds.
699
00:46:39,221 --> 00:46:42,452
- Do wild boars like grapes?
- They love grapes.
700
00:46:44,726 --> 00:46:46,125
On that day,
701
00:46:46,428 --> 00:46:48,658
I filmed dancing pruning shears.
702
00:46:48,830 --> 00:46:50,798
I forgot to turn my camera off,
703
00:46:51,266 --> 00:46:54,292
which is why we get
the dance of the lens cap.
704
00:47:45,220 --> 00:47:47,085
The cap has stopped its crazy jig.
705
00:47:47,622 --> 00:47:49,749
We're off to see the only owner
706
00:47:50,091 --> 00:47:52,286
who cares for his gleaners.
707
00:47:53,128 --> 00:47:57,292
I warn children about the terrible
effects if they eat too much,
708
00:47:57,499 --> 00:48:02,061
but I take for granted that the
adults know and I leave them alone.
709
00:48:02,270 --> 00:48:03,237
Jerome Noel-Bouton
710
00:48:03,471 --> 00:48:05,666
shows us an old photo of his vines
711
00:48:05,840 --> 00:48:08,104
which used to be Marey's.
712
00:48:08,476 --> 00:48:11,206
There is a mini-museum
in the cellar.
713
00:48:11,780 --> 00:48:14,112
An engineer
and erudite physiologist,
714
00:48:14,749 --> 00:48:17,547
Marey invented chronophotography.
715
00:48:17,719 --> 00:48:19,243
He was a visionary.
716
00:48:19,487 --> 00:48:21,318
He analyzed movement
717
00:48:21,523 --> 00:48:26,085
before Muybridge and the Lumieres.
He is the ancestor of all movie makers,
718
00:48:26,361 --> 00:48:28,295
and we're proud to be family.
719
00:48:29,331 --> 00:48:34,166
Marey was my father's grandfather,
which makes him my great-grandfather,
720
00:48:34,769 --> 00:48:36,634
and to be more specific,
721
00:48:37,605 --> 00:48:41,769
my grandfather
was Marey's son-in-law, since...
722
00:48:42,110 --> 00:48:44,670
his wife, my grandmother,
was Marey's daughter.
723
00:48:45,347 --> 00:48:48,714
She married a man named Bouton
724
00:48:48,883 --> 00:48:52,478
and this estate, which used
to be in the Bouton family,
725
00:48:52,654 --> 00:48:54,383
was bought by Marey,
726
00:48:54,889 --> 00:48:59,383
and returned to the Bouton family
when his daughter married a Bouton.
727
00:48:59,561 --> 00:49:01,153
Congratulations!
728
00:49:01,363 --> 00:49:03,661
The tower you can see over there,
729
00:49:04,132 --> 00:49:06,123
he built with his own two hands
730
00:49:06,334 --> 00:49:08,802
to house his still camera equipment.
731
00:49:09,137 --> 00:49:12,129
He set up wires and waited.
732
00:49:12,440 --> 00:49:15,409
Animals or birds went past,
triggering the camera.
733
00:49:17,045 --> 00:49:18,069
That's the hut
734
00:49:18,313 --> 00:49:19,803
from which,
735
00:49:20,215 --> 00:49:22,240
with his chronophotographic rifle,
736
00:49:22,484 --> 00:49:24,816
he broke down the flight of birds.
737
00:49:28,390 --> 00:49:30,824
That's Demeny, Marey's assistant,
738
00:49:31,159 --> 00:49:33,593
holding the rifle and the film reel.
739
00:49:34,295 --> 00:49:37,787
I wonder who the boy
with a bowler hat is.
740
00:49:40,502 --> 00:49:42,629
Marey's experimental pictures
741
00:49:43,204 --> 00:49:44,330
and film bits,
742
00:49:44,506 --> 00:49:48,272
technical prowess aside,
are pure visual delight.
743
00:50:15,403 --> 00:50:18,201
Our train leaves Paris
744
00:50:18,373 --> 00:50:20,238
and happens to slows down
745
00:50:20,475 --> 00:50:22,807
as we pass
Ivry waste collection center.
746
00:50:23,144 --> 00:50:24,543
The heart of our topic,
747
00:50:25,346 --> 00:50:28,315
since we're going to Prades,
home of our musician Joanna.
748
00:50:28,483 --> 00:50:32,783
She met youngsters
who had had a brush with the law
749
00:50:33,154 --> 00:50:36,248
for damaging
the trash bins of a supermarket
750
00:50:36,424 --> 00:50:39,325
because the contents
had been doused in bleach.
751
00:50:41,262 --> 00:50:44,322
I thought I could film them
explaining the case
752
00:50:44,566 --> 00:50:46,625
if I met all the protagonists -
753
00:50:46,801 --> 00:50:49,429
the youngsters gathered
on the square,
754
00:50:49,938 --> 00:50:51,530
the manager of the shop,
755
00:50:52,941 --> 00:50:55,341
and the magistrate from the court,
756
00:50:55,810 --> 00:50:57,835
who seemed concerned and polite.
757
00:50:58,646 --> 00:51:01,479
I wanted to know how
these homeless
758
00:51:01,649 --> 00:51:03,173
coped with the law.
759
00:51:04,752 --> 00:51:07,516
Should squatting be legalized?
760
00:51:07,689 --> 00:51:10,715
I could work on it,
if not for this robe.
761
00:51:12,427 --> 00:51:14,327
But your robe is lovely!
762
00:51:14,496 --> 00:51:18,455
It was a simple case
of youngsters vandalizing things.
763
00:51:18,633 --> 00:51:20,498
I found them guilty of violence.
764
00:51:20,668 --> 00:51:22,602
Before bleach was sprayed on?
765
00:51:22,770 --> 00:51:25,102
They'd knock over the trash
766
00:51:25,273 --> 00:51:28,470
and my staff had
to clean up after them.
767
00:51:31,613 --> 00:51:35,572
That led me to apply the law
768
00:51:35,750 --> 00:51:38,742
and bleach the trash,
which they didn't appreciate.
769
00:51:39,254 --> 00:51:41,222
- We got angry.
- But nothing serious.
770
00:51:41,456 --> 00:51:44,289
We knocked over trash cans,
771
00:51:44,459 --> 00:51:47,826
and damaged the wall
with graffiti and tomatoes.
772
00:51:48,229 --> 00:51:49,628
They broke the camera.
773
00:51:49,864 --> 00:51:53,163
It was locked,
we had to climb a little.
774
00:51:53,468 --> 00:51:55,834
They went over the fence.
775
00:51:56,170 --> 00:51:58,695
They were trespassing
on private property.
776
00:51:58,940 --> 00:52:01,670
Appearing in court
was itself a penalty
777
00:52:01,843 --> 00:52:05,279
for these youths
who want to be free of all rules.
778
00:52:05,513 --> 00:52:07,310
We only stole trash.
779
00:52:07,549 --> 00:52:11,713
The aim isn't to fine them
but to remind them of the law.
780
00:52:13,488 --> 00:52:16,548
They all played their part,
applying their own logic.
781
00:52:17,392 --> 00:52:19,553
The kids said
what they were supposed to.
782
00:52:19,727 --> 00:52:23,128
We filmed them with their dogs.
It was picturesque.
783
00:52:23,298 --> 00:52:26,358
I'm not that antisocial.
784
00:52:27,201 --> 00:52:29,465
- May I ask you how old you are?
- 22.
785
00:52:29,637 --> 00:52:34,074
Their beauty is poignant when you
realize that, for whatever reason,
786
00:52:34,309 --> 00:52:37,107
they get most of their food
from trash cans.
787
00:52:38,580 --> 00:52:40,445
In court, I was told
788
00:52:40,615 --> 00:52:43,709
it was a dialogue of the deaf,
but not of the dumb.
789
00:52:44,118 --> 00:52:45,881
They seized the chance
to have fun.
790
00:52:46,387 --> 00:52:49,754
I said she was mad,
she cited me for contempt of court.
791
00:52:50,358 --> 00:52:54,488
We said she was out of her mind,
and she would go: Write it down!
792
00:52:54,929 --> 00:52:57,625
Recorder, write down:
Out of her mind!
793
00:52:58,366 --> 00:53:02,393
We felt it was a foregone
conclusion. It was sickening.
794
00:53:02,570 --> 00:53:06,802
She opted for trial in closed court.
I shouted and slammed the door.
795
00:53:07,775 --> 00:53:11,336
They're not through
talking about this episode,
796
00:53:11,512 --> 00:53:15,107
and I'm not through thinking
about it in my hotel room.
797
00:53:15,283 --> 00:53:19,151
We filmed and continue to film
people who hang around trash cans.
798
00:53:19,320 --> 00:53:21,515
They have various reasons
for doing so.
799
00:53:22,156 --> 00:53:24,090
Each experiences it differently.
800
00:53:27,428 --> 00:53:28,622
- Hi!
- Here he is!
801
00:53:28,796 --> 00:53:29,854
How are you?
802
00:53:30,198 --> 00:53:32,223
Sit down, there's coffee for you.
803
00:53:34,202 --> 00:53:36,397
We had been told: '' He wears
804
00:53:36,638 --> 00:53:38,833
rubber boots.
He salvages everything''.
805
00:53:39,173 --> 00:53:42,734
Yes, I live almost 1 00%
on things from the trash.
806
00:53:47,315 --> 00:53:48,839
Everybody, rich or poor,
807
00:53:49,217 --> 00:53:51,082
throws food away. Why?
808
00:53:51,252 --> 00:53:53,812
Because we are so stupid with food!
809
00:53:54,155 --> 00:53:58,319
If we're past the sell-by date
of a yogurt, people go:
810
00:53:58,493 --> 00:54:00,825
''Oh my God, I can't eat this!
811
00:54:01,162 --> 00:54:03,187
It'll kill me!''
812
00:54:03,364 --> 00:54:04,661
So stupid.
813
00:54:04,832 --> 00:54:06,766
It's easy
814
00:54:07,201 --> 00:54:10,261
to tell from the smell of it
if it's OK or not.
815
00:54:10,738 --> 00:54:14,731
It's quite simple, I've eaten
1 00% trash for 1 0 years now...
816
00:54:15,343 --> 00:54:17,573
for 1 0 or 1 5 years,
817
00:54:17,745 --> 00:54:20,179
I've never been ill.
818
00:54:20,581 --> 00:54:22,549
- You don't have a job?
- I do.
819
00:54:22,717 --> 00:54:26,813
I have a job, a salary,
a social security number.
820
00:54:27,155 --> 00:54:29,453
So you are not forced to do that?
821
00:54:29,624 --> 00:54:32,115
Absolutely not.
822
00:54:32,760 --> 00:54:35,854
Salvaging is a matter
of ethics for me,
823
00:54:36,197 --> 00:54:39,189
because I find it
utterly unacceptable to see
824
00:54:39,367 --> 00:54:41,699
all this waste on the streets.
825
00:54:42,670 --> 00:54:46,766
That proves we're heading for
disasters, like the Erika oil spill.
826
00:54:47,175 --> 00:54:48,267
Oil Slick
827
00:55:07,495 --> 00:55:09,520
Put the head on the right.
828
00:55:13,267 --> 00:55:14,063
Looser...
829
00:55:19,173 --> 00:55:20,731
Sea birds,
830
00:55:21,075 --> 00:55:23,407
guillemots, razorbill penguins,
831
00:55:23,611 --> 00:55:27,172
all those who were smashed up
real good by Total Fina Oil,
832
00:55:27,515 --> 00:55:30,712
those who will get
smashed up real good
833
00:55:30,885 --> 00:55:34,218
by this over-consuming society...
If they are cleaned,
834
00:55:34,388 --> 00:55:37,414
the birds might still get caught
in nets,
835
00:55:37,592 --> 00:55:40,288
it's for them that I'm an activist.
836
00:55:40,461 --> 00:55:42,759
All the rest can die
in their apartments,
837
00:55:43,097 --> 00:55:46,294
on their trash,
I don't care. Birds first.
838
00:55:52,406 --> 00:55:53,703
Do you always wear boots?
839
00:55:53,875 --> 00:55:57,208
Yes, rubber boots have 2 advantages,
840
00:55:57,378 --> 00:56:01,314
on this hostile ground,
they're really good stuff.
841
00:56:01,582 --> 00:56:04,210
There's a psychological aspect too,
842
00:56:04,385 --> 00:56:07,377
with my boots,
I'm like the lord of this town.
843
00:56:07,555 --> 00:56:09,352
All these idiots dump away,
844
00:56:09,524 --> 00:56:12,425
I come after them
and rake in the chips.
845
00:56:17,398 --> 00:56:19,696
Trash is Beautiful!
846
00:56:19,867 --> 00:56:23,268
An exhibition featuring
demonstration trash cans
847
00:56:23,437 --> 00:56:26,600
was organized to teach children
848
00:56:26,808 --> 00:56:28,571
how to sort out the trash.
849
00:56:36,484 --> 00:56:39,078
At Trash is Beautiful,
they like colors,
850
00:56:39,587 --> 00:56:42,147
and children play with bits of junk.
851
00:56:42,323 --> 00:56:44,791
This is just plastic
from the street.
852
00:56:48,830 --> 00:56:52,061
Gino Rizzi is in charge
of the kids' workshop.
853
00:56:53,534 --> 00:56:56,867
He himself transforms
pots of yogurt into flowers
854
00:56:58,706 --> 00:57:01,300
and plastic bottles into mobiles.
855
00:57:04,545 --> 00:57:07,514
Where does play end
and art start?
856
00:57:08,216 --> 00:57:11,242
Cartier Foundation
for Contemporary Art
857
00:57:14,622 --> 00:57:16,522
The American artist Sze
858
00:57:16,691 --> 00:57:20,024
exhibits mobiles
made with lots of bits and pieces.
859
00:57:22,063 --> 00:57:25,191
The kitchen trash
has made it to the art world,
860
00:57:25,433 --> 00:57:28,459
where junk is highly-prized
and priced.
861
00:57:42,149 --> 00:57:43,639
In any case, museum trash
862
00:57:43,851 --> 00:57:47,446
is small, cute,
clean and colorful.
863
00:57:47,622 --> 00:57:50,785
Have those kids ever seen
brooms in action,
864
00:57:52,193 --> 00:57:55,287
or shaken hands with
a garbage collector?
865
00:57:59,634 --> 00:58:00,794
- How are you?
- Fine.
866
00:58:03,204 --> 00:58:05,263
That's neighborhood life.
867
00:58:06,607 --> 00:58:08,199
I live here
868
00:58:08,442 --> 00:58:11,502
at Mr. Charlie Plusquellec's,
because he's a friend.
869
00:58:12,346 --> 00:58:13,472
More than a friend,
870
00:58:13,848 --> 00:58:17,443
a protector, a godfather,
he's everything to me.
871
00:58:17,685 --> 00:58:21,678
I am so very very happy,
very glad, I am here
872
00:58:22,223 --> 00:58:23,520
surrounded by nature.
873
00:58:23,858 --> 00:58:24,756
You see,
874
00:58:25,159 --> 00:58:27,286
it's worse than paradise.
875
00:58:27,728 --> 00:58:31,357
Salomon is a little bit
like a migrating bird.
876
00:58:31,532 --> 00:58:33,693
He arrives, he moves in,
877
00:58:33,868 --> 00:58:36,735
and then one day, he disappears.
878
00:58:37,071 --> 00:58:40,507
And then he comes back again,
and then leaves.
879
00:58:41,542 --> 00:58:44,272
So far he's been back 3 times.
880
00:58:45,146 --> 00:58:48,513
Every day, I come out of here,
881
00:58:48,883 --> 00:58:51,078
I wander around,
882
00:58:51,719 --> 00:58:55,655
looking here and there
for throw-aways.
883
00:59:07,735 --> 00:59:10,135
Don't touch anything!
884
00:59:10,705 --> 00:59:12,605
- You hear me?
- Yes, Ma'am.
885
00:59:12,773 --> 00:59:15,241
Don't you understand what I said?
886
00:59:16,610 --> 00:59:20,671
Every morning, early,
you come across a little something.
887
00:59:21,382 --> 00:59:22,781
It's like a lottery.
888
00:59:27,722 --> 00:59:28,586
It's good.
889
00:59:32,059 --> 00:59:33,458
There's lots.
890
00:59:34,362 --> 00:59:35,659
Do you need it?
891
00:59:35,830 --> 00:59:37,821
Wait, he might want some.
892
00:59:38,265 --> 00:59:39,732
Want some bread?
893
00:59:41,102 --> 00:59:43,570
I always come here and help myself.
894
00:59:45,306 --> 00:59:47,706
Sometimes you get good cold meats,
895
00:59:47,875 --> 00:59:50,810
sometimes fowl, a bit of everything.
896
00:59:52,246 --> 00:59:54,578
Salomon found
897
00:59:55,416 --> 00:59:57,782
chicken legs.
898
00:59:58,619 --> 01:00:02,817
So I'll cook
the meat before it goes off.
899
01:00:04,525 --> 01:00:07,790
You're going to eat
chicken and rabbit for a month!
900
01:00:08,162 --> 01:00:10,187
No, don't worry.
901
01:00:10,398 --> 01:00:13,424
We always find someone
to share with.
902
01:00:15,803 --> 01:00:20,206
We give it to the neighbors,
the woman next door especially.
903
01:00:31,652 --> 01:00:32,778
That's good.
904
01:00:33,521 --> 01:00:34,579
Right now,
905
01:00:34,822 --> 01:00:36,722
we have 1 , 2, 3,
906
01:00:37,358 --> 01:00:40,725
4 fridges and 2 freezers
907
01:00:40,895 --> 01:00:44,422
that we picked up and fixed.
908
01:00:45,666 --> 01:00:48,100
I patch them up, I fix them,
909
01:00:48,302 --> 01:00:51,135
and when the machine works
I sell it or...
910
01:00:51,439 --> 01:00:53,839
I give it away to our neighbors.
911
01:01:04,385 --> 01:01:07,047
Fridges are everywhere
on the streets.
912
01:01:07,621 --> 01:01:10,351
Sometimes they work, sometimes not.
913
01:01:12,259 --> 01:01:15,387
The Waste Ground artists
of Villeneuve sur Lot
914
01:01:15,629 --> 01:01:17,358
collects fridges
915
01:01:17,531 --> 01:01:21,558
and recycle them
as fully furnished, fitted spaces.
916
01:01:34,548 --> 01:01:35,742
Fridge Demo
917
01:01:37,852 --> 01:01:40,082
Free our comrades!
918
01:01:46,327 --> 01:01:48,352
My neighbor the Lion of Denfert
919
01:01:48,496 --> 01:01:50,259
is made of bronze.
920
01:01:51,732 --> 01:01:54,701
My friend the Lion in Arles
is made of stone.
921
01:01:56,137 --> 01:01:58,128
We got there in the early hours.
922
01:02:00,541 --> 01:02:03,339
The people from the fair
were still asleep,
923
01:02:03,677 --> 01:02:07,135
and I saw a man
looking at the river flow by.
924
01:02:10,851 --> 01:02:13,649
I half-felt like talking to him.
925
01:02:21,362 --> 01:02:23,353
Further on, along the Rhone,
926
01:02:23,597 --> 01:02:25,121
in a blissful orchard
927
01:02:25,666 --> 01:02:27,531
I saw gleaners arrive.
928
01:02:29,136 --> 01:02:30,501
You can tell them
929
01:02:30,704 --> 01:02:34,162
from their boxes,
sacks and plastic bags
930
01:02:34,341 --> 01:02:38,801
which don't look anything like
the standard containers of the workers.
931
01:02:39,480 --> 01:02:42,779
My name's David,
I'm a foreman at the Cape farm.
932
01:02:43,884 --> 01:02:45,442
We often allow
933
01:02:45,686 --> 01:02:47,551
gleaners to come in
934
01:02:47,788 --> 01:02:49,551
after our pickers
935
01:02:49,757 --> 01:02:52,351
provided they remain
1 0 yards behind.
936
01:02:53,827 --> 01:02:57,695
Look, there's still
a lot left in the trees.
937
01:02:58,399 --> 01:03:00,629
We just take advantage of this.
938
01:03:00,868 --> 01:03:04,497
I collect them
so that they don't go to waste,
939
01:03:04,672 --> 01:03:07,402
and I share them out,
940
01:03:07,575 --> 01:03:09,839
we stew them or whatever.
941
01:03:10,344 --> 01:03:14,576
I want to pick them because
there're lots left as you can see.
942
01:03:15,182 --> 01:03:17,480
I don't take damaged ones,
943
01:03:17,651 --> 01:03:20,176
because my children
are very particular.
944
01:03:20,354 --> 01:03:22,822
They're used to getting the best.
945
01:03:24,558 --> 01:03:27,391
This one is damaged
so I chuck it away.
946
01:03:27,561 --> 01:03:30,655
We gleaners also discard some fruit.
947
01:03:31,865 --> 01:03:35,562
Here's an apple
which has got nothing going for it,
948
01:03:35,736 --> 01:03:38,398
it's like an ugly and stupid woman.
949
01:03:38,606 --> 01:03:41,097
It's small and sunburnt.
950
01:03:41,275 --> 01:03:43,368
Commercial value: zero.
951
01:03:44,812 --> 01:03:47,508
We can't prevent people
952
01:03:47,915 --> 01:03:51,681
from providing themselves
with apples
953
01:03:51,852 --> 01:03:54,320
once we have finished harvesting.
954
01:03:54,488 --> 01:03:57,480
So we proclaim
an official gleaning period,
955
01:03:57,658 --> 01:04:00,092
we take car registrations down,
956
01:04:00,194 --> 01:04:03,823
if it's a moped,
we ask for a Xerox of the owner's I D
957
01:04:04,164 --> 01:04:09,101
and we tell them from when to when
they can come and collect.
958
01:04:09,737 --> 01:04:11,728
Isn't it a bit over-regulated?
959
01:04:12,139 --> 01:04:15,438
Well, it's either that
or nothing at all.
960
01:04:17,511 --> 01:04:20,173
Once people are registered,
961
01:04:20,414 --> 01:04:25,147
they can take 400 pounds, I don't
mind, even if it's a whole lot.
962
01:04:25,619 --> 01:04:27,280
Good for them.
963
01:04:27,788 --> 01:04:30,382
In this field of 3 hectares,
964
01:04:30,624 --> 01:04:33,855
at least 1 0 tons
will be left unpicked.
965
01:04:34,495 --> 01:04:37,589
That gives the gleaners
quite a lot of exercise.
966
01:04:40,834 --> 01:04:44,565
You have to find them
behind the trees, under the leaves.
967
01:04:44,738 --> 01:04:46,831
It takes a while
to fill up a basket.
968
01:04:47,174 --> 01:04:50,507
Picking is not a piece of cake,
it's hard work.
969
01:04:58,285 --> 01:05:00,116
Quite a few have fallen here.
970
01:05:01,555 --> 01:05:03,750
You just have to pick them up.
971
01:05:06,293 --> 01:05:10,286
Robert, a gleaner of many crops,
let us follow him.
972
01:05:22,843 --> 01:05:24,708
I'm looking for pine nuts.
973
01:05:25,245 --> 01:05:26,837
You're really thorough!
974
01:05:27,181 --> 01:05:30,548
Right, I really don't
let anything go by.
975
01:05:30,751 --> 01:05:33,811
In this greenhouse,
the tomato harvest is over.
976
01:05:34,154 --> 01:05:37,214
We pick the remains
before they clean the place.
977
01:05:38,125 --> 01:05:40,218
Here, see the tomatoes...
978
01:05:41,662 --> 01:05:44,153
That's nature,
it shouldn't be wasted.
979
01:05:44,898 --> 01:05:48,163
It's abandoned.
Once the harvest is over,
980
01:05:48,335 --> 01:05:51,270
it's not worth
hiring people just for those.
981
01:05:51,438 --> 01:05:53,303
They'd rather let us do it.
982
01:05:53,807 --> 01:05:57,106
Can anybody go in the greenhouses?
983
01:05:57,277 --> 01:06:00,576
No, not the greenhouses.
I don't know what the law is.
984
01:06:01,081 --> 01:06:04,073
Greenhouses are a facility
to grow vegetables.
985
01:06:04,251 --> 01:06:06,219
Once the harvest is collected,
986
01:06:06,387 --> 01:06:10,414
there's some left, a few tomatoes,
grapes, carrots or celery.
987
01:06:10,791 --> 01:06:13,259
If gleaners remain within the law
988
01:06:13,427 --> 01:06:15,418
farmers can't say anything,
989
01:06:15,596 --> 01:06:18,463
can't sue them for anything.
990
01:06:18,632 --> 01:06:20,156
Even on their property?
991
01:06:20,334 --> 01:06:21,665
Even then, precisely,
992
01:06:21,835 --> 01:06:24,395
gleaning is always
on private property.
993
01:06:26,440 --> 01:06:30,240
Mr. Dessaud, our lawyer in the fields,
explained gleaning rights.
994
01:06:31,111 --> 01:06:35,605
Mrs. Espie, our lawyer in the streets,
tells us about salvaging rights.
995
01:06:42,723 --> 01:06:45,817
The law on gleaning
doesn't apply to these objects.
996
01:06:46,827 --> 01:06:48,419
'' Res derelictae''
997
01:06:48,629 --> 01:06:50,153
are ownerless things,
998
01:06:50,364 --> 01:06:54,460
since the owner's intention
has been clearly expressed:
999
01:06:54,635 --> 01:06:57,536
they have deliberately
abandoned them.
1000
01:06:57,838 --> 01:07:00,602
Only the penal code
deals with their status
1001
01:07:00,774 --> 01:07:05,211
and says this property can't be
stolen since it has no owner.
1002
01:07:05,579 --> 01:07:10,175
Those who take the object
become its legal owners.
1003
01:07:10,417 --> 01:07:14,080
This acquisition is unusual,
since it comes from no one.
1004
01:07:15,222 --> 01:07:18,055
Once taken,
the object belongs to them
1005
01:07:18,225 --> 01:07:20,090
irrevocably.
1006
01:07:20,661 --> 01:07:22,026
Thank you very much.
1007
01:07:22,196 --> 01:07:23,288
You're welcome.
1008
01:07:23,764 --> 01:07:26,289
Yeah. Sidelined beds on the sidewalk
1009
01:07:26,600 --> 01:07:29,262
Washed-out machines,
tired-out fridges
1010
01:07:29,436 --> 01:07:31,768
just bend down
and grab your furniture
1011
01:07:32,105 --> 01:07:35,233
Yeah. Cookers,
cushions, club armchairs
1012
01:07:35,442 --> 01:07:39,208
Weary wood chairs and TVsets,
Worn-out couches
1013
01:07:39,413 --> 01:07:42,211
just bend over,you're made over
1014
01:07:42,382 --> 01:07:44,714
Street rehab and TVrap,yeah,yeah!
1015
01:07:45,085 --> 01:07:46,143
Broken TVs
1016
01:07:51,091 --> 01:07:53,321
I've seen lots ofTVs abandoned,
1017
01:07:53,494 --> 01:07:55,428
and within a few minutes
1018
01:07:57,631 --> 01:07:59,861
somebody was taking out the copper.
1019
01:08:05,339 --> 01:08:08,035
It's the copper
from the deflector coils.
1020
01:08:22,289 --> 01:08:25,349
I looked at the magic screen
thinking I began this film
1021
01:08:26,226 --> 01:08:28,558
right after the eclipse shown on TV,
1022
01:08:29,429 --> 01:08:32,796
continued while the countdown
to Y2Kwas shown on TV,
1023
01:08:33,834 --> 01:08:36,735
and ended the film
on the 1 st of May...
1024
01:08:41,708 --> 01:08:43,107
Other people
1025
01:08:43,577 --> 01:08:47,138
take TVs home,
hoping to repair them.
1026
01:08:48,148 --> 01:08:51,777
I found 2 small chairs on the street
and took them home.
1027
01:08:56,590 --> 01:08:59,525
One night when the bulky refuse
is thrown out,
1028
01:08:59,693 --> 01:09:04,027
I drove around with Francois
who had done one of my film scores
1029
01:09:04,298 --> 01:09:06,027
and who also sang.
1030
01:09:16,143 --> 01:09:19,135
He has dressed
in white for 25 years.
1031
01:09:20,714 --> 01:09:23,683
Francois is curious,
he likes rummaging,
1032
01:09:23,850 --> 01:09:26,478
but he didn't find anything
that night.
1033
01:09:29,256 --> 01:09:31,190
He looked at an empty clock
1034
01:09:31,358 --> 01:09:33,019
and he turned it down.
1035
01:09:34,227 --> 01:09:36,787
I picked it up and took it home.
1036
01:09:41,735 --> 01:09:44,829
A clock without hands
is my kind of thing.
1037
01:09:48,775 --> 01:09:51,403
You don't see time passing.
1038
01:10:14,201 --> 01:10:18,661
I like filming rot,
leftovers, waste,
1039
01:10:19,139 --> 01:10:21,334
mold and trash.
1040
01:10:25,212 --> 01:10:27,237
But I never forget
1041
01:10:27,414 --> 01:10:31,646
those who shop in the leftovers
and trash when the market is over.
1042
01:10:42,863 --> 01:10:44,296
It's past 2 o'clock.
1043
01:10:44,665 --> 01:10:47,293
I've done my shopping
and I linger on
1044
01:10:47,801 --> 01:10:49,666
until the market is over.
1045
01:10:51,605 --> 01:10:55,507
I notice a man with a large bag
eating on the spot.
1046
01:11:01,181 --> 01:11:04,446
I would see him now and then,
always with his bag,
1047
01:11:04,818 --> 01:11:06,615
always eating.
1048
01:11:12,893 --> 01:11:14,588
The day he was eating parsley
1049
01:11:14,828 --> 01:11:16,693
I went over to him.
1050
01:11:17,364 --> 01:11:19,229
Do you often eat parsley?
1051
01:11:19,399 --> 01:11:22,630
Sometimes yes. Parsley's
full of vitamin C and E,
1052
01:11:22,803 --> 01:11:26,500
beta carotene, zinc,
magnesium, it's excellent.
1053
01:11:28,408 --> 01:11:30,501
His answer amazed me.
1054
01:11:31,611 --> 01:11:34,444
Over the following weeks,
I filmed him
1055
01:11:34,715 --> 01:11:38,845
repeatedly, with or without sound,
and he talked in snatches.
1056
01:11:40,420 --> 01:11:42,684
I pick up food at the markets
1057
01:11:43,623 --> 01:11:46,353
and I save money that way.
1058
01:11:47,494 --> 01:11:50,224
I'm mostly a vegetarian,
1059
01:11:50,397 --> 01:11:52,729
so I find what I need.
1060
01:11:55,402 --> 01:11:56,892
I don't make much,
1061
01:11:57,237 --> 01:11:58,829
but I still have to eat.
1062
01:12:03,210 --> 01:12:05,644
You should see what
they get rid of...
1063
01:12:08,715 --> 01:12:11,650
From the markets, I get fruit,
1064
01:12:11,818 --> 01:12:13,285
vegetables mostly,
1065
01:12:13,653 --> 01:12:16,281
sometimes cheese too,
but that's rare.
1066
01:12:23,230 --> 01:12:25,221
I eat a lot of apples.
1067
01:12:25,398 --> 01:12:29,129
And here I can get
as many apples as I want.
1068
01:12:30,403 --> 01:12:33,668
- How many apples a day do you eat?
- 6 or 7.
1069
01:12:34,708 --> 01:12:36,471
Is it your staple diet?
1070
01:12:37,310 --> 01:12:39,141
I also eat bread.
1071
01:12:42,649 --> 01:12:45,550
I get up at 4, I take the train
1072
01:12:45,786 --> 01:12:50,223
and I arrive in Paris at 5:45.
1073
01:12:51,491 --> 01:12:53,482
Between 6 and 7,
1074
01:12:53,660 --> 01:12:57,357
they throw away all of the bread
from the day before.
1075
01:12:57,731 --> 01:13:00,393
If you spot
a trash can near a bakery
1076
01:13:00,567 --> 01:13:03,536
it's likely
to contain sandwiches, bread,
1077
01:13:03,737 --> 01:13:05,136
and all that.
1078
01:13:09,075 --> 01:13:13,569
I eat a lot of bread. It's a staple
food full of proteins and glucids.
1079
01:13:13,747 --> 01:13:15,840
It's strange to be concerned...
1080
01:13:16,183 --> 01:13:18,151
- About balanced diets?
- Yes.
1081
01:13:18,618 --> 01:13:20,711
Since I studied biology,
1082
01:13:20,887 --> 01:13:25,256
it's quite normal
I should be concerned.
1083
01:13:27,527 --> 01:13:30,121
I used to be a teaching assistant.
1084
01:13:30,297 --> 01:13:33,266
When people find out
I have a Master's degree,
1085
01:13:33,433 --> 01:13:37,665
they don't understand why
I sell papers to make money.
1086
01:13:38,338 --> 01:13:41,603
I sell street papers or magazines.
1087
01:13:44,211 --> 01:13:47,203
Most times in front
of the train station.
1088
01:14:15,609 --> 01:14:18,476
I live in a shelter where 50%
1089
01:14:18,845 --> 01:14:21,075
of the people are illiterate.
1090
01:14:21,681 --> 01:14:26,118
Immigrants from Mali
and Senegal mostly.
1091
01:14:27,220 --> 01:14:31,054
I arrived in that shelter
8 years ago,
1092
01:14:31,324 --> 01:14:35,124
and I've been teaching them
to read and write for 6 years.
1093
01:14:35,629 --> 01:14:40,123
I am not part of the school system,
I don't get paid for it.
1094
01:14:42,469 --> 01:14:47,065
I teach every evening
from 6:30 / 7:00
1095
01:14:47,307 --> 01:14:49,468
until 8:30 / 9:00.
1096
01:14:54,447 --> 01:14:57,348
He arranged
and decorated the classroom himself
1097
01:14:57,918 --> 01:15:02,014
for the students who may attend
whenever they please.
1098
01:15:14,334 --> 01:15:17,394
Ac, ec, ic, oc...
1099
01:15:17,737 --> 01:15:19,227
And see, for example,
1100
01:15:20,740 --> 01:15:23,265
a noc-turnal ac-tivity.
1101
01:15:23,543 --> 01:15:28,503
Right, a nocturnal activity.
1102
01:15:28,715 --> 01:15:30,376
What does ''nocturnal'' mean?
1103
01:15:34,387 --> 01:15:36,150
Success? Success is...
1104
01:15:36,323 --> 01:15:38,791
Isn't success like a behavior?
1105
01:15:40,260 --> 01:15:41,784
It's to succeed in life.
1106
01:15:42,462 --> 01:15:44,191
Somebody who has succeeded.
1107
01:15:44,397 --> 01:15:47,161
- Like Celine Dion has?
- Right.
1108
01:15:47,567 --> 01:15:48,727
Famous?
1109
01:15:48,902 --> 01:15:51,234
But it's more like the will to...
1110
01:15:51,404 --> 01:15:52,496
Succeed.
1111
01:15:52,672 --> 01:15:55,402
Yes, when you've succeeded,
that's success.
1112
01:15:58,511 --> 01:16:01,105
A use-ful... in-sect.
1113
01:16:02,048 --> 01:16:02,707
What's that?
1114
01:16:03,183 --> 01:16:04,514
A cockroach.
1115
01:16:05,485 --> 01:16:08,079
I don't know if it is useful but...
1116
01:16:08,722 --> 01:16:10,656
but it is an insect.
1117
01:16:16,463 --> 01:16:17,828
Meeting that man
1118
01:16:18,198 --> 01:16:21,690
is what impressed me the most.
1119
01:16:22,535 --> 01:16:26,096
And the time it took
to find out about his nocturnal
1120
01:16:27,173 --> 01:16:29,801
and voluntary activity
in a suburban basement.
1121
01:16:37,650 --> 01:16:40,847
The other high point
is quite different in kind.
1122
01:16:41,855 --> 01:16:44,119
I talked the Museum of Villefranche
1123
01:16:44,290 --> 01:16:46,281
into bringing out from its reserves
1124
01:16:46,626 --> 01:16:48,116
a painting by Hedouin
1125
01:16:48,294 --> 01:16:51,695
which I had seen
reproduced in black and white.
1126
01:16:52,699 --> 01:16:55,691
Brigitte, the curator,
and her assistant,Julie
1127
01:16:55,869 --> 01:16:58,133
had to disturb
several sleepy paintings
1128
01:16:58,338 --> 01:17:01,102
before finding the one
I wanted to reveal:
1129
01:17:01,608 --> 01:17:03,769
Gleaners Fleeing Before the Storm.
1130
01:17:16,356 --> 01:17:18,221
To see them in broad daylight,
1131
01:17:18,391 --> 01:17:21,554
with stormy gusts
lashing against the canvas,
1132
01:17:21,728 --> 01:17:24,128
was true delight.
84755
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