Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:00,670 --> 00:00:02,229 Hey they're welcome back. 2 00:00:02,230 --> 00:00:06,040 All right if you thought so far everything's been really really cool. 3 00:00:06,070 --> 00:00:09,200 Well, things are gonna get a lot cooler. 4 00:00:09,250 --> 00:00:11,859 We're going to be talking about the Internet backbone. 5 00:00:11,860 --> 00:00:16,340 So we recognize this because I've been talking about it for the last couple of lessons. 6 00:00:16,430 --> 00:00:22,039 But some of you may have had a question that is what do the arrows mean. 7 00:00:22,040 --> 00:00:23,689 I mean it's kind of like magic right. 8 00:00:23,690 --> 00:00:30,590 I just told you that we send off the IP address to the servers the server responds with some files but 9 00:00:31,520 --> 00:00:36,660 this is just magic like what do these arrows mean? So, we're going to talk about that in this lesson. 10 00:00:36,860 --> 00:00:43,259 And we're going to do that with this really, really fuzzy diagram that I found online from this website. 11 00:00:43,280 --> 00:00:48,029 It's not the clearest picture but it actually has some really important things so I want to use that 12 00:00:48,030 --> 00:00:51,200 to demonstrate to you what the Internet backbone is. 13 00:00:51,240 --> 00:00:59,290 So, as some of you know the way we connect in our homes, at a coffee shop, or at work is we usually have 14 00:00:59,330 --> 00:01:04,209 Wi-Fi or you know maybe sometimes we still have people they are using Ethernet cables 15 00:01:04,210 --> 00:01:05,160 and connecting through those. 16 00:01:05,161 --> 00:01:11,939 But for now let's just focus on the fact that we have a home and we have Wi-Fi and this Wi-Fi essentially 17 00:01:11,940 --> 00:01:13,550 gives us Internet from the router. 18 00:01:13,560 --> 00:01:20,640 You can see this little person over here working hard with a router next to him and this router is connected 19 00:01:21,990 --> 00:01:24,250 all the way to something called a modem. 20 00:01:24,330 --> 00:01:29,779 And this is something that if you ever sign up for Internet or change providers you most likely had 21 00:01:29,780 --> 00:01:32,970 somebody come to your house and install something. 22 00:01:33,120 --> 00:01:40,079 And that's this box over here that essentially allows the ISP the Internet 23 00:01:40,080 --> 00:01:42,160 Service Provider, this big building over here, 24 00:01:42,180 --> 00:01:45,000 we remember that, to connect to it. 25 00:01:45,090 --> 00:01:51,620 So this modem has the signal towers that transmit signals of, 26 00:01:51,630 --> 00:01:57,899 you know Google.com and it receives these messages and then this is why I picked this image just 27 00:01:57,900 --> 00:02:03,209 because I think it's incredible you see this wire that is connected all the way to the ISP and then 28 00:02:03,210 --> 00:02:10,460 the Internet Service Provider, the ISP is connected to this magical blue cable that is the Internet backbone 29 00:02:10,740 --> 00:02:17,429 and something that's really important in this image is the fact that there's Wi-Fi which is over the 30 00:02:17,430 --> 00:02:23,225 air but at the end of the day everything is kind of connected through cables. 31 00:02:23,230 --> 00:02:27,380 So some of you or many of you, or all of you might be wondering 32 00:02:27,404 --> 00:02:30,490 "What the hell is this Internet backbone thing?" 33 00:02:30,510 --> 00:02:36,290 Sounds cool. But this - this is kind of vague, so I found a really, really cool - cool thing that we can do together 34 00:02:36,300 --> 00:02:39,210 I'll post this website in the notes after this lesson. 35 00:02:39,270 --> 00:02:46,310 But if you go over here you actually see the Internet backbone. So, let's say we're in Brazil and we want 36 00:02:46,350 --> 00:02:47,690 to search Google.com. 37 00:02:47,950 --> 00:02:55,529 Well from Brazil, from our home, through Wi-Fi, it connects to our router, to our modem and then all the way 38 00:02:55,530 --> 00:03:01,290 to our Internet Service Provider lets say (the) Internet service provider is over here and then, through 39 00:03:01,320 --> 00:03:08,639 cables it connects all the way to, let's say this point over here, and let's say, for now that the Google 40 00:03:08,640 --> 00:03:11,690 servers are located somewhere in Portugal over here. 41 00:03:11,700 --> 00:03:18,799 Well that signal of me looking for that IP address of Google and looking for those Google files is going 42 00:03:18,800 --> 00:03:21,350 to go through this submarine cable. 43 00:03:21,450 --> 00:03:22,739 Yeah, you heard that right. 44 00:03:22,740 --> 00:03:30,929 It's a physical cable that goes at the bottom of the sea floor from Brazil all the way to Portugal where 45 00:03:30,930 --> 00:03:32,570 the Google servers are. 46 00:03:32,910 --> 00:03:38,080 And then the Google server says yep I got those files here there are and sends it all the way back. 47 00:03:39,300 --> 00:03:43,350 Through the ISP all the way back to our house. 48 00:03:43,380 --> 00:03:50,546 Isn't that cool that there's physical cables that are connecting, and creating the Internet so you know 49 00:03:50,550 --> 00:03:57,869 there are times where somebody destroys or something happens where these cable connections are cut off 50 00:03:57,870 --> 00:04:00,560 and you sometimes lose internet connection that way. 51 00:04:00,750 --> 00:04:08,760 But yeah the Internet backbone is literally just this network all over the world of connected cables 52 00:04:08,790 --> 00:04:12,190 so that we can transfer these files all over the world. 53 00:04:12,540 --> 00:04:19,110 And just to show you how insane this is somebody from the Opte Project over here - I got this off of Wikipedia, 54 00:04:19,350 --> 00:04:27,870 mapped out, and I believe this was in 2015, just 30 percent of the network, and you can see over here that 55 00:04:28,260 --> 00:04:32,240 each one of these dots is an IP address. 56 00:04:32,370 --> 00:04:36,769 So, a computer that is connected to another computer, that is connected to another computer. 57 00:04:36,900 --> 00:04:38,819 And that's the Internet. 58 00:04:38,820 --> 00:04:47,085 The Internet is just all these connected computers that are just transferring files between each other 59 00:04:47,210 --> 00:04:50,760 and as web developers and this is the coolest thing. 60 00:04:50,840 --> 00:04:56,089 And that's why I just think everybody should be a web developer because it's so cool. 61 00:04:56,090 --> 00:04:58,789 You're allowing this to happen. 62 00:04:58,790 --> 00:05:05,450 You're allowing this transferring of files from one computer to another, transferring knowledge from 63 00:05:05,690 --> 00:05:12,159 Brazil to Portugal and all over the world and you get to be part of it - you get to be part of this networking 64 00:05:12,160 --> 00:05:13,080 and get to evolve. 65 00:05:13,081 --> 00:05:17,939 When this picture of the Internet came to me I knew that this was the career for me. 66 00:05:17,940 --> 00:05:20,839 So, hopefully that gets you excited in the next session. 67 00:05:20,840 --> 00:05:22,049 I'm going to show you something really cool. 68 00:05:22,050 --> 00:05:28,490 Traceroute before we finish up the lesson and we get into the next sections so hope that was cool see 69 00:05:28,510 --> 00:05:29,510 in the next one. 8000