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In 1992 in Spain the Barcelona Olympic Games
and the Seville Expo were held,
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00:00:43,875 --> 00:00:47,000
linked to the celebration of the 5th Centenary
of the Discovery of America.
3
00:00:47,167 --> 00:00:50,417
After the death of the dictator Franco in 1975
and the Transition to democracy,
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00:00:50,583 --> 00:00:54,083
the country had been governed for ten years
by the Spanish Socialist Workers Party.
5
00:00:54,250 --> 00:00:58,250
Spain is presented to the international community
as a modern, developed and dynamic country.
6
00:00:58,417 --> 00:01:02,167
That same year, the industrial crisis that
swept the country fell on the city of Cartagena,
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00:01:02,333 --> 00:01:04,000
placing up to 15,000 jobs in danger.
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00:01:04,167 --> 00:01:07,708
The growing tension among citizens and the union
response caused a chain of mobilizations
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00:01:07,875 --> 00:01:10,708
that would result in a mass uprising
against police on February 3rd.
10
00:01:10,875 --> 00:01:13,750
The pitched battle would culminate
in the throwing of incendiary bombs
11
00:01:13,917 --> 00:01:16,458
that would burn the parliament
of the Autonomous Community.
12
00:01:21,625 --> 00:01:23,708
It was a dream I've hada number of times...
13
00:01:25,042 --> 00:01:27,417
Maybe at least three or four.
14
00:01:29,042 --> 00:01:31,125
I'm the protagonist,in the present day,
15
00:01:31,292 --> 00:01:33,083
the way I am now.
16
00:01:34,000 --> 00:01:36,000
I see myself,not really knowing why,
17
00:01:36,167 --> 00:01:37,917
walking to my school,
18
00:01:38,042 --> 00:01:40,792
here in Cartagena: Quitapellejos.
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00:01:40,958 --> 00:01:44,083
It's a pretty school,amid the mountains.
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00:01:44,250 --> 00:01:45,708
A very old school,
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00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:48,208
surrounded by a kind of forest.
22
00:01:50,875 --> 00:01:54,583
I'm walking the path I walkedto school as a boy.
23
00:01:55,167 --> 00:01:58,375
But it's all foggy,a very low fog,
24
00:01:58,583 --> 00:02:01,250
almost like a Scottish landscape or...
25
00:02:03,333 --> 00:02:07,333
I'm walking, walking,and as I get to the school gate
26
00:02:07,542 --> 00:02:10,417
already as I'm climbing the hill
27
00:02:10,625 --> 00:02:13,750
I see a huge German Shepherdbarking at the gate.
28
00:02:14,167 --> 00:02:17,417
But when I reach the gate,the German Shepherd stops barking,
29
00:02:17,625 --> 00:02:21,417
and almost invites me in.
30
00:02:21,625 --> 00:02:23,458
The gate is half open.
31
00:02:25,583 --> 00:02:29,333
Out of curiosity I go inside
and I see it's still foggy,
32
00:02:29,542 --> 00:02:33,625
the German Shepherd comes too,
there's no one there...
33
00:02:33,792 --> 00:02:35,208
I keep going...
34
00:02:35,667 --> 00:02:37,417
and I get to a courtyard,
35
00:02:37,625 --> 00:02:39,583
the yard we played in as kids.
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00:02:41,250 --> 00:02:44,333
and I start to see people around me:
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00:02:44,500 --> 00:02:47,125
relatives, a dead friend...
38
00:02:47,292 --> 00:02:51,917
Their faces had aged.
39
00:02:52,417 --> 00:02:55,417
With wrinkles, white hair...
40
00:02:57,708 --> 00:03:00,333
and I see a very old man,
down the end.
41
00:03:00,542 --> 00:03:03,333
And I go over to talk to him.
42
00:03:05,625 --> 00:03:08,999
I have a strange conversation,
I say to him:
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00:03:10,708 --> 00:03:14,250
'It's weird, isn't it?
The people here...
44
00:03:14,417 --> 00:03:17,125
look like they're really...
45
00:03:17,417 --> 00:03:21,250
Kind of annoyed, right?
Why is everyone like this?'
46
00:03:21,417 --> 00:03:26,583
He says: "Don't you know
why you're here?"
47
00:03:26,750 --> 00:03:28,417
I say: "No, I don't.
I see everyone here,
48
00:03:28,625 --> 00:03:30,999
some I know,
but they've aged..."
49
00:03:32,792 --> 00:03:37,208
Just then, I realize that
they're all dead,
50
00:03:38,000 --> 00:03:40,625
I run to the gate, which was
half open, to get out,
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00:03:40,792 --> 00:03:42,417
and gate is closed.
52
00:03:45,792 --> 00:03:46,875
Then I wake up.
53
00:04:04,667 --> 00:04:08,667
THE YEAR OF DISCOVERY
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00:04:42,250 --> 00:04:47,083
ALTHOUGH I DON'T REMEMBER IT,
I EXPERIENCED IT
55
00:04:51,875 --> 00:04:54,583
You laugh, but your laugh
is like "shit", you know?
56
00:04:54,750 --> 00:04:55,750
-Fake.
-Shit.
57
00:04:57,750 --> 00:04:59,875
You know you'll stay out
your parents will get mad,
58
00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:02,250
but we're too far gone
for you say no to us.
59
00:05:02,417 --> 00:05:03,958
Give me that!
60
00:05:05,292 --> 00:05:06,542
You've reached a point
61
00:05:06,708 --> 00:05:08,750
where in your own bar
they're pulling beers for you.
62
00:05:09,458 --> 00:05:10,792
Hey, get wasted!
63
00:05:41,792 --> 00:05:44,333
But I like Zentral, and Zentral...
64
00:05:52,333 --> 00:05:54,000
Where'd Raúl get to?
65
00:05:54,167 --> 00:05:55,292
He went for cigarettes.
66
00:05:56,458 --> 00:05:58,833
And now he'll never come home.
67
00:05:58,999 --> 00:06:01,583
He's gone for cigarettes
and left us here with this shit!
68
00:06:01,750 --> 00:06:05,333
I'll tell him to roll a joint.
69
00:06:06,875 --> 00:06:08,750
Pablo, make yourself a joint!
70
00:06:12,917 --> 00:06:13,999
Raúl!
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00:06:14,125 --> 00:06:15,458
Come here, handsome!
72
00:06:15,667 --> 00:06:17,292
You bastards, you fuckers...
73
00:06:18,999 --> 00:06:20,667
You got friends for that,
74
00:06:20,833 --> 00:06:22,625
it's your bar and they're
pulling beers for you.
75
00:06:23,625 --> 00:06:25,167
Raúl, have you got vermouth?
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00:06:26,000 --> 00:06:28,375
-You had it and you said nothing!
-No, no. Mixed drinks.
77
00:06:28,583 --> 00:06:30,333
I said you could get highballs,
78
00:06:30,542 --> 00:06:32,000
a barrel of beer and that's it.
79
00:06:32,167 --> 00:06:33,542
You're treating us?
80
00:06:35,250 --> 00:06:36,875
Is it your birthday?
81
00:06:37,875 --> 00:06:39,042
I have to work tomorrow,
82
00:06:39,208 --> 00:06:40,792
so at some point we have to go.
83
00:06:40,958 --> 00:06:41,958
Seriously?
84
00:06:47,042 --> 00:06:50,583
Fucking hell, fuck...!
Fucking hell!
85
00:06:51,250 --> 00:06:52,375
You want a drink?
86
00:06:52,583 --> 00:06:54,833
Yeah, man.
Pablo, listen to this song.
87
00:06:55,958 --> 00:06:57,750
It's S.A., man.
88
00:06:57,917 --> 00:07:00,958
Soziedad Alkohólica, I know them,
I've seen them live twice.
89
00:07:01,083 --> 00:07:02,792
Right, man, but I mean...
90
00:07:03,750 --> 00:07:05,917
My mum smoked these cigarettes.
91
00:07:06,042 --> 00:07:07,958
I started smoking on Ducados...
92
00:07:08,083 --> 00:07:11,625
And I threw hers down the drain.
93
00:07:11,792 --> 00:07:12,792
No, no, no, no!
94
00:07:12,958 --> 00:07:14,833
No, it's my mum's.
95
00:07:16,792 --> 00:07:19,750
My mum smoked these,
I threw them down the drain,
96
00:07:19,917 --> 00:07:21,042
and she beat the shit out of me.
97
00:07:23,292 --> 00:07:27,083
Because she smoked loads
and I hated it.
98
00:07:27,250 --> 00:07:29,208
8 years old, I smoked
Ducados dark tobacco.
99
00:07:30,667 --> 00:07:31,750
My mum always smoked dark...
100
00:07:31,917 --> 00:07:33,708
In my house there was only
Ducados dark tobacco.
101
00:07:33,875 --> 00:07:35,250
If you wanted to be a adult...
102
00:07:37,667 --> 00:07:39,833
You saw adults smoking...
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00:07:39,999 --> 00:07:43,083
The first cigarette I smoked was this.
104
00:07:43,250 --> 00:07:44,333
It was like this.
105
00:07:44,542 --> 00:07:48,999
Of course, alcohol.
And what's alcohol?
106
00:07:49,125 --> 00:07:51,042
It's necessary for us.
107
00:07:52,083 --> 00:07:53,875
But I try not to drink alone.
108
00:07:54,000 --> 00:07:55,625
I always try to drink with someone.
109
00:07:57,042 --> 00:07:59,999
I don't drink alone,
I try not to overdo it.
110
00:08:00,125 --> 00:08:01,583
Some people drink alone.
111
00:08:05,667 --> 00:08:10,292
I'm an alcoholic
but I don't want to cross that line.
112
00:08:10,458 --> 00:08:14,542
But I think that crossing the line
can lead you to other things, you know?
113
00:08:14,708 --> 00:08:18,375
It doesn't have to.
I love getting home from work
114
00:08:18,542 --> 00:08:22,333
and having a beer
or a little wine.
115
00:08:22,542 --> 00:08:25,000
-That's normal.
-I do it alone, eh?
116
00:08:25,167 --> 00:08:27,208
Sure, but I don't have highballs
alone at home.
117
00:08:27,375 --> 00:08:30,750
That's different, it's like snorting
a line, getting wasted alone.
118
00:08:31,958 --> 00:08:37,875
When you get home and have a beer
it's just breaking the routine...
119
00:08:43,999 --> 00:08:46,999
Why? You relate beer with leisure.
120
00:08:47,125 --> 00:08:50,792
I have a beer and I relax
121
00:08:50,958 --> 00:08:52,833
because I'm having a beer, right?
122
00:08:52,999 --> 00:08:55,583
I don't care, pour it.
123
00:09:00,083 --> 00:09:01,625
You need anything?
124
00:09:01,792 --> 00:09:03,083
You're shitty friends.
125
00:09:03,250 --> 00:09:05,999
Sure we are, man!
126
00:09:22,999 --> 00:09:24,708
Have you seen where the skip is today?
127
00:09:27,583 --> 00:09:28,917
Good morning, Regino!
128
00:09:30,542 --> 00:09:32,167
It's there in...
129
00:09:33,625 --> 00:09:35,708
-Good morning.
-Hi, good morning.
130
00:09:37,833 --> 00:09:40,250
-Good morning.
-Hi, buddy. Good morning.
131
00:09:51,875 --> 00:09:55,167
Here, the tomato tongs.
132
00:09:57,000 --> 00:09:58,167
With butter.
133
00:10:00,375 --> 00:10:01,750
María, good morning.
134
00:10:06,708 --> 00:10:08,042
Here, young man.
135
00:10:11,333 --> 00:10:12,750
Here.
136
00:10:19,917 --> 00:10:22,167
Thanks. See you later.
137
00:10:22,333 --> 00:10:24,333
A glass of water?
One? Two? How many?
138
00:10:24,542 --> 00:10:26,583
-For her, just one.
-A little one.
139
00:10:31,708 --> 00:10:33,958
Half a roll with butter and jam
140
00:10:34,083 --> 00:10:35,667
for the boy...
141
00:10:36,625 --> 00:10:38,125
and half with tomato.
142
00:10:38,292 --> 00:10:39,792
The usual, right?
143
00:10:42,250 --> 00:10:46,083
Two whole ones? With butter?
144
00:10:46,250 --> 00:10:48,542
Now the weekly columnof José Ibarra,
145
00:10:48,708 --> 00:10:49,667
when you wish.
146
00:10:49,833 --> 00:10:52,625
It was discovered years ago bythe historian from Cartagena
147
00:10:52,792 --> 00:10:55,958
Alfonso Grandal,he brought to light
148
00:10:56,083 --> 00:10:57,958
a surprising linguistic fact
149
00:10:58,083 --> 00:11:02,333
that in Cartagena they spokeCatalan for 300 years.
150
00:11:02,542 --> 00:11:05,792
From 1300 to 1600.
151
00:11:05,958 --> 00:11:08,667
Although the reconquestof our lands was claimed
152
00:11:08,833 --> 00:11:12,375
by the Castilian King Alfonso Xin the late 13th century,
153
00:11:12,583 --> 00:11:15,542
in fact our region was repopulated
154
00:11:15,708 --> 00:11:18,333
with people underthe crown of Aragón,
155
00:11:18,542 --> 00:11:22,250
that is, Catalans, Aragonese,Mallorcans and Valencians
156
00:11:22,417 --> 00:11:25,792
who left us their language,and with it, beautiful words
157
00:11:25,958 --> 00:11:30,083
that we in Cartagena inheritedand still have 400 years later,
158
00:11:30,250 --> 00:11:33,625
not knowing that in factthey're Catalan words.
159
00:11:33,875 --> 00:11:38,750
So the Cartagena natives don't eatpeas, green beans or capers,
160
00:11:38,917 --> 00:11:42,042
but pésoles, bajocas and tápenas.
161
00:11:42,208 --> 00:11:44,458
The southwest wind is the lebeche,
162
00:11:44,667 --> 00:11:46,792
the southeast wind, the jaloque,
163
00:11:46,958 --> 00:11:48,999
and thunder is a llampo.
164
00:11:49,125 --> 00:11:52,708
This person has certainly bathedat some time in Calarreona,
165
00:11:52,875 --> 00:11:55,333
in Calblanque,has seen Grosa Island...
166
00:11:55,542 --> 00:11:58,792
And we all know if we say"leja" outside of Cartagena
167
00:11:58,958 --> 00:12:02,000
to refer to shelves,they don't understand us,
168
00:12:02,167 --> 00:12:06,250
for they don't know in Castilethat it comes from the Catalan "lleixa".
169
00:12:06,417 --> 00:12:09,750
Thus, old Catalan appears everywhere.
170
00:12:15,792 --> 00:12:19,208
Work's a mess because of
an order of metal plates,
171
00:12:20,333 --> 00:12:25,042
and now we have to work today
and tomorrow until midnight.
172
00:12:25,208 --> 00:12:28,875
I've got two guys there going at it.
173
00:12:29,000 --> 00:12:31,792
Fuck, what a bummer.
What are you doing now?
174
00:12:31,958 --> 00:12:34,125
Now we're cutting joins.
175
00:12:35,042 --> 00:12:39,000
I got a metal plate to cut too,
for the moulds.
176
00:12:42,125 --> 00:12:45,875
They're about 30 metres.
177
00:12:48,292 --> 00:12:53,083
Imagine it, half the workshop
with these huge plates.
178
00:12:53,250 --> 00:12:54,417
Some packages like this.
179
00:12:54,625 --> 00:12:57,208
But who's working now?
You, those guys...
180
00:12:57,375 --> 00:13:01,167
Me, my co-worker, who's permanent,
and one other kid.
181
00:13:01,333 --> 00:13:02,833
But is the kid casual?
182
00:13:02,999 --> 00:13:05,208
With this I'm pretty happy.
183
00:13:11,167 --> 00:13:13,917
So, Mum, will they call you?
184
00:13:15,083 --> 00:13:15,958
About your sight?
185
00:13:16,083 --> 00:13:18,458
They couldn't take out the stitches.
186
00:13:18,667 --> 00:13:20,083
It has to be in an operating theatre.
187
00:13:20,250 --> 00:13:22,458
They took out stitches inside your eye?
188
00:13:22,667 --> 00:13:26,292
They took out three,
but the others are very deep...
189
00:13:26,458 --> 00:13:27,999
It's swollen.
190
00:13:28,750 --> 00:13:30,833
It burst.
191
00:13:30,999 --> 00:13:32,999
My eye busted open.
192
00:13:33,125 --> 00:13:34,958
Her eyeball burst.
193
00:13:35,875 --> 00:13:37,042
Can you see alright?
194
00:13:37,833 --> 00:13:39,667
No, because she hasn't...
195
00:13:39,833 --> 00:13:41,042
Out of the other, yes.
196
00:13:41,208 --> 00:13:42,583
She lost the iris...
197
00:13:42,750 --> 00:13:45,750
She wore lenses because
she had a cataracts operation,
198
00:13:45,917 --> 00:13:47,792
and the lens was like a guillotine.
199
00:13:47,958 --> 00:13:51,999
It burst the eye.
200
00:13:52,125 --> 00:13:53,999
So she doesn't wear the lens.
201
00:13:54,125 --> 00:13:55,917
They have to put it in again.
202
00:13:56,042 --> 00:13:57,542
But to take out the stitches,
203
00:13:57,708 --> 00:14:01,458
an eye burst,
the stitches were behind.
204
00:14:01,667 --> 00:14:03,375
What could it have been?
205
00:14:03,583 --> 00:14:06,792
She fell on the night table,
she got 9 stitches on her eyebrow.
206
00:14:07,750 --> 00:14:10,292
I went to get out of bed.
207
00:14:10,458 --> 00:14:11,708
You're in the wars!
208
00:14:12,792 --> 00:14:14,167
If you only saw...
209
00:14:14,542 --> 00:14:16,292
She was covered in blood.
210
00:14:16,875 --> 00:14:18,042
With him? No.
211
00:14:18,208 --> 00:14:20,083
I've been calling him, but...
212
00:14:20,250 --> 00:14:22,750
He says things are tight.
213
00:14:22,917 --> 00:14:26,750
He's waiting to see if
something comes up, but no.
214
00:14:26,917 --> 00:14:28,083
I'm looking other places,
215
00:14:28,250 --> 00:14:30,250
tomorrow I'll see about
a job in the industrial estate
216
00:14:30,417 --> 00:14:32,875
a friend told me about,
in scaffolding,...
217
00:14:33,000 --> 00:14:35,792
I'll take a CV and see.
218
00:14:35,958 --> 00:14:38,792
You told me
you were working in Alhama
219
00:14:38,958 --> 00:14:42,125
but most of the staff
had left for Lo Pagán...
220
00:14:42,292 --> 00:14:43,583
Yes, Lo Pagán.
221
00:14:43,750 --> 00:14:48,250
They left me alone there,
to make a living.
222
00:14:50,167 --> 00:14:53,125
Exactly, I get up at 5 or 6
in the morning...
223
00:14:53,958 --> 00:14:56,750
The women work, get paid,
the normal thing...
224
00:14:57,250 --> 00:14:58,667
is to get paid.
225
00:14:58,833 --> 00:15:01,292
You were good to them...
226
00:15:01,458 --> 00:15:04,958
Me? Not good, very good.
227
00:15:06,583 --> 00:15:08,583
So, look, girl,
228
00:15:08,750 --> 00:15:10,875
things go only one way:
229
00:15:11,000 --> 00:15:13,417
You have to pay up, otherwise...
230
00:15:14,583 --> 00:15:16,542
Everyone who works
wants to get paid.
231
00:15:16,708 --> 00:15:18,875
Or do you go there
for the love of it?
232
00:15:19,000 --> 00:15:20,083
I'll tell you one thing.
233
00:15:20,250 --> 00:15:22,000
If I have no money,
I don't go to a bar for breakfast.
234
00:15:22,167 --> 00:15:23,792
Hey, in some circumstances...
235
00:15:23,958 --> 00:15:25,875
someone might tell you
they're light on cash.
236
00:15:26,000 --> 00:15:27,875
It's cheaper for me
to buy a litre of milk.
237
00:15:29,083 --> 00:15:32,708
And bread,
and you make toast at home.
238
00:15:32,875 --> 00:15:36,667
But look, I don't want
to hear stories.
239
00:15:36,833 --> 00:15:40,250
No, but on the subject,
240
00:15:40,417 --> 00:15:42,125
your mother said
"then you criticize..."
241
00:15:42,292 --> 00:15:43,750
I don't put anyone down,
242
00:15:44,583 --> 00:15:47,792
but it pisses me off
243
00:15:47,958 --> 00:15:52,042
to see people laughing at me
to top it off.
244
00:15:52,208 --> 00:15:54,583
No bastard laughs at me.
245
00:15:56,083 --> 00:15:58,417
I could rip their eyes out...
246
00:16:01,083 --> 00:16:02,250
Amazing...
247
00:16:02,417 --> 00:16:05,333
What I saw there was indescribable.
248
00:16:06,750 --> 00:16:09,333
What happened?
249
00:16:11,667 --> 00:16:14,250
What didn't happen?
Nothing good.
250
00:16:15,625 --> 00:16:17,792
These kids...
251
00:16:19,375 --> 00:16:21,250
The first day...
252
00:16:21,417 --> 00:16:24,250
The last to arrive
are given the hardest classes.
253
00:16:24,417 --> 00:16:25,708
My profession's not like surgeons.
254
00:16:25,875 --> 00:16:27,458
Hard operations are given
to the most experienced.
255
00:16:27,667 --> 00:16:29,667
In my job, it's the least experienced,
256
00:16:29,833 --> 00:16:32,083
the new one gets the worst of it.
257
00:16:32,250 --> 00:16:34,542
My first-grade class was tough.
258
00:16:34,708 --> 00:16:36,625
The youngest, the liveliest,
259
00:16:36,792 --> 00:16:41,000
and the biggest group
in the school, 16 of them.
260
00:16:41,167 --> 00:16:43,958
Normally there were groups of 6.
261
00:16:44,792 --> 00:16:49,333
You could be shaking
when you went to this class.
262
00:16:50,917 --> 00:16:53,083
And the first day,
263
00:16:53,250 --> 00:16:56,917
one little girl, with the face of
an old lady, but 6 years old...
264
00:16:57,958 --> 00:17:00,208
I gave her the scissors
to put up their names.
265
00:17:00,375 --> 00:17:03,292
I was told they couldn't write.
266
00:17:03,458 --> 00:17:06,125
You usually can at 6.
267
00:17:06,292 --> 00:17:09,875
I gave them out their names.
268
00:17:10,000 --> 00:17:11,999
This girl took out a sandwich...
269
00:17:12,125 --> 00:17:16,708
and started making circles
with the sandwich bag.
270
00:17:18,833 --> 00:17:20,708
I'm from La Unión
271
00:17:20,875 --> 00:17:22,292
so I know what those bags are for.
272
00:17:22,458 --> 00:17:24,542
They're for selling drugs.
273
00:17:24,708 --> 00:17:26,917
They're bags they give out,
274
00:17:27,042 --> 00:17:28,542
with whatever kind of drugs,
275
00:17:28,708 --> 00:17:30,333
I know there could be cocaine.
276
00:17:33,167 --> 00:17:36,708
The girl gave me a defiant look...
6 years old.
277
00:17:36,875 --> 00:17:38,375
Provoking me.
278
00:17:38,583 --> 00:17:40,999
I said to her... I took a breath.
279
00:17:41,958 --> 00:17:43,999
I'm not kicking up a fuss
because there's no point.
280
00:17:44,125 --> 00:17:45,333
I said to her:
281
00:17:45,542 --> 00:17:47,875
"Do that if you want,
282
00:17:48,000 --> 00:17:49,375
but you'll lose your hanger
and your table."
283
00:17:49,583 --> 00:17:51,208
This little thug
284
00:17:51,375 --> 00:17:52,583
was taller than the others
285
00:17:52,750 --> 00:17:54,167
and when she was about
to lose her hanger,
286
00:17:54,333 --> 00:17:56,333
she cut out her name,
pushed through
287
00:17:56,542 --> 00:17:58,542
and took the hanger
and table she wanted.
288
00:17:58,708 --> 00:18:00,333
That was the respect she got.
289
00:18:00,542 --> 00:18:03,833
There's this hierarchy
they see in their parents...
290
00:18:04,542 --> 00:18:07,875
Because it's not the same
selling drugs by kilos
291
00:18:08,000 --> 00:18:10,542
as small-time dealing
and the consumer.
292
00:18:10,708 --> 00:18:13,583
Their parents' hierarchy
293
00:18:14,667 --> 00:18:17,208
is reflected in the school.
294
00:18:18,625 --> 00:18:21,750
It worked that way between them,
it was hard to resolve...
295
00:18:21,917 --> 00:18:23,667
A conflict there was...
296
00:18:23,833 --> 00:18:24,917
...impossible.
297
00:18:25,667 --> 00:18:29,625
Conflicts were never resolved,
they'd stop fighting, but little else.
298
00:18:30,625 --> 00:18:32,375
In that neighbourhood,
299
00:18:32,958 --> 00:18:35,250
they don't respect Mum, Dad,
300
00:18:35,417 --> 00:18:37,625
Grandma, nothing.
301
00:18:37,792 --> 00:18:38,958
Why wouldn't they hit me
302
00:18:39,083 --> 00:18:42,417
if they kick grandma
in the line outside school.
303
00:18:44,250 --> 00:18:46,375
At least I had some resources
304
00:18:46,583 --> 00:18:48,792
that they didn't use much
in that neighbourhood,
305
00:18:48,958 --> 00:18:53,833
which was affection, looking them
in the eyes, caressing, hugging.
306
00:18:53,999 --> 00:18:55,583
And that got me into trouble too.
307
00:18:55,750 --> 00:18:57,542
Hugging a boy because
he was furious...
308
00:18:58,583 --> 00:19:02,000
because his mum had said to him:
"I hope you die, that a truck hits you."
309
00:19:02,167 --> 00:19:03,208
How else would he be?
310
00:19:03,375 --> 00:19:07,000
The first boy he ran across,
they laid into each other.
311
00:19:07,167 --> 00:19:09,292
I grabbed the boy,
hugged him: "Come on, honey..."
312
00:19:10,208 --> 00:19:13,250
And the boy elbowed me so hard
I doubled over...
313
00:19:13,417 --> 00:19:14,625
Horrible.
314
00:19:14,958 --> 00:19:15,999
Horrible.
315
00:19:16,125 --> 00:19:19,125
He was like: Who are you
to be affectionate with me?
316
00:19:19,292 --> 00:19:20,999
I understand the boy.
"Who are you?"
317
00:19:21,125 --> 00:19:23,792
Just another teacher...
I get it.
318
00:19:23,958 --> 00:19:27,083
They come and go,
no teacher stays here.
319
00:19:27,625 --> 00:19:30,542
They feel neglected
because the teachers don't last.
320
00:19:30,708 --> 00:19:33,042
Here the teachers come and go,
come and go.
321
00:19:34,042 --> 00:19:37,542
I can respect that. I left too.
322
00:19:38,583 --> 00:19:40,792
If I'm working, that's great.
323
00:19:40,958 --> 00:19:42,958
I'm working and I'm distracted.
324
00:19:44,333 --> 00:19:48,750
Otherwise I'm anxious and bored.
325
00:19:48,917 --> 00:19:50,417
Then there are the bills.
326
00:19:50,625 --> 00:19:52,958
You have to work, otherwise...
327
00:19:53,083 --> 00:19:55,083
If you're not, you have it rough,
328
00:19:55,875 --> 00:19:59,667
you're bored to death,
you feel bad, you get sick.
329
00:20:00,375 --> 00:20:02,250
That's happened to me.
330
00:20:02,417 --> 00:20:06,250
You agonize over things,
get sick, depressed.
331
00:20:07,583 --> 00:20:09,417
It happened to me,
332
00:20:09,625 --> 00:20:13,167
last year or round then,
333
00:20:13,333 --> 00:20:15,625
and it had never happened to me,
334
00:20:15,792 --> 00:20:17,999
because of the crisis,
you're out of work,
335
00:20:18,125 --> 00:20:19,250
and being alone and all that,
336
00:20:19,417 --> 00:20:21,625
you think: "Fuck, if I don't work,
337
00:20:21,792 --> 00:20:23,583
who's going to help me?"
338
00:20:23,750 --> 00:20:27,125
So you have no support,
so like it or not...
339
00:20:27,292 --> 00:20:31,125
you worry yourself sick
and you get sick.
340
00:20:31,292 --> 00:20:35,999
I got this anxiety.
341
00:20:36,125 --> 00:20:38,083
I went to the doctor
342
00:20:38,250 --> 00:20:41,792
because I couldn't sleep
for over a month.
343
00:20:42,083 --> 00:20:45,167
Night would come
and I was afraid of it.
344
00:20:45,333 --> 00:20:46,458
I was scared.
345
00:20:46,667 --> 00:20:48,292
I'd go to bed
and fret over things,
346
00:20:48,458 --> 00:20:50,167
I'd have to get up and watch TV.
347
00:20:50,333 --> 00:20:52,083
After a while I'd go to bed
and the same thing.
348
00:20:52,250 --> 00:20:54,833
Then I'd have to get up,
almost crying,
349
00:20:54,999 --> 00:20:57,875
so I went to Emergencies
and told the woman on duty
350
00:20:58,000 --> 00:20:59,792
what was going on with me,
351
00:20:59,958 --> 00:21:01,250
almost in tears.
352
00:21:01,417 --> 00:21:02,833
I told her and she said:
353
00:21:02,999 --> 00:21:05,292
"You've got anxiety..."
354
00:21:05,458 --> 00:21:07,583
So she prescribed me
some sleeping pills.
355
00:21:07,750 --> 00:21:09,833
Was it alright with the pills?
356
00:21:09,999 --> 00:21:13,917
Yes. It was hard because
they did strange things to me.
357
00:21:14,042 --> 00:21:16,833
I'd take the pill
358
00:21:16,999 --> 00:21:19,999
and then during the night
I'd jump up in bed.
359
00:21:20,750 --> 00:21:24,375
Scared, dazed, you get that
with the pills.
360
00:21:25,542 --> 00:21:27,375
Your body's not used to it,
361
00:21:27,583 --> 00:21:30,958
I reacted strangely
for a couple of weeks.
362
00:21:31,083 --> 00:21:32,542
I was kind of surprised.
363
00:21:33,333 --> 00:21:35,583
Later I got over it.
364
00:21:36,208 --> 00:21:38,999
I said: "I don't want to take pills,
365
00:21:39,125 --> 00:21:40,875
I'll stop them gradually."
366
00:21:41,000 --> 00:21:42,958
I asked a guy who was
taking pills and he said:
367
00:21:43,083 --> 00:21:44,083
"They're addictive.
368
00:21:44,250 --> 00:21:45,958
If you don't stop,
it's really rough."
369
00:21:47,250 --> 00:21:49,167
I'd take my car,
370
00:21:49,333 --> 00:21:50,999
pay for the gas,
371
00:21:51,125 --> 00:21:52,375
go in at 8 a.m.,
372
00:21:52,583 --> 00:21:54,292
I'd leave at 3 p.m.,
373
00:21:54,458 --> 00:21:58,000
and then I found out
I was only hired for 5 hours.
374
00:21:59,750 --> 00:22:01,542
I told the Post Office to piss off.
375
00:22:01,708 --> 00:22:03,708
Do you know that?
376
00:22:03,958 --> 00:22:05,792
They asked me for money
377
00:22:05,958 --> 00:22:08,250
and I said "no".
378
00:22:08,417 --> 00:22:11,292
I got someone from the union
and said: "Look,
379
00:22:11,458 --> 00:22:15,708
this, this and this..."
He said: "Don't worry about it".
380
00:22:18,125 --> 00:22:20,708
I said: "Hand them out yourself",
381
00:22:20,875 --> 00:22:22,750
to the head of the Post Office.
382
00:22:23,542 --> 00:22:27,125
He's the head of Traffic
or something now.
383
00:22:27,292 --> 00:22:31,083
They pour liquid down the sewers
to kill the cockroaches.
384
00:22:31,250 --> 00:22:32,667
-They've stopped that.
-Have they?
385
00:22:32,833 --> 00:22:35,542
To kill the cockroaches in the sewers,
386
00:22:35,708 --> 00:22:38,083
and when it rains,
the poison goes into the sea,
387
00:22:38,250 --> 00:22:41,542
it comes out at La Algameca
and other places...
388
00:22:41,708 --> 00:22:44,999
They stopped it because
we reported the Council
389
00:22:45,125 --> 00:22:46,708
to the Autonomous Community.
390
00:22:46,875 --> 00:22:49,750
-It was killing everything.
-Dead fish...
391
00:22:49,917 --> 00:22:52,250
Yes, you'd see dead fish.
392
00:22:54,083 --> 00:22:57,167
The shrimp came
to the surface to die.
393
00:22:57,333 --> 00:22:59,375
They looked singed,
came up to the surface,
394
00:22:59,583 --> 00:23:02,292
the crabs, the clams, the cockles...
395
00:23:02,458 --> 00:23:03,792
It killed everything.
396
00:23:03,958 --> 00:23:05,833
Four years ago it was
397
00:23:06,875 --> 00:23:09,208
when they put that in
and it killed everything.
398
00:23:11,042 --> 00:23:15,083
The water the first day was green.
399
00:23:15,250 --> 00:23:17,792
You know? Green.
400
00:23:18,458 --> 00:23:21,333
Then it turned white.
401
00:23:21,542 --> 00:23:23,750
But white, white.
You couldn't see the bottom.
402
00:23:23,917 --> 00:23:26,999
-As if they'd put milk in the water.
-The chemical reaction...
403
00:23:28,000 --> 00:23:30,875
Three days later,
when it began to clear,
404
00:23:31,458 --> 00:23:34,250
everything on the seabed was...
405
00:23:34,417 --> 00:23:35,625
the mantis shrimp...
406
00:23:35,792 --> 00:23:37,333
Mantis shrimp, clams...
407
00:23:37,542 --> 00:23:40,042
Those worms? Buckets.
408
00:23:40,208 --> 00:23:42,583
I got whole buckets: worms,
409
00:23:42,750 --> 00:23:46,042
the ones for fishing,
410
00:23:46,833 --> 00:23:48,375
I got buckets out.
411
00:23:49,999 --> 00:23:52,667
It's acidic, it's poison.
412
00:23:52,833 --> 00:23:54,458
There's always been
a lot of clams there.
413
00:23:54,667 --> 00:23:56,708
Clam fishermen lived off that.
414
00:23:56,875 --> 00:23:58,375
In the neighbourhood, right?
415
00:23:58,583 --> 00:23:59,750
Yes, "One Arm."
416
00:23:59,917 --> 00:24:02,542
There was Paco
the clam fisherman
417
00:24:02,708 --> 00:24:06,708
and Enrique Sánchez Vázquez,
who left Bazán...
418
00:24:06,875 --> 00:24:08,999
...to avoid paying his wife.
419
00:24:09,125 --> 00:24:11,792
He caught his wife
sleeping with another man
420
00:24:11,958 --> 00:24:14,542
and when they split up,
he had to pay alimony,
421
00:24:14,708 --> 00:24:16,083
so he left Bazán
in order not to pay.
422
00:24:18,083 --> 00:24:20,000
It's kind of nasty, huh?
423
00:24:20,167 --> 00:24:24,250
You go out at night,
you want to get home,
424
00:24:24,417 --> 00:24:28,125
and there are girls
taking drugs everywhere.
425
00:24:28,750 --> 00:24:30,999
-Okay.
-I think: "Are they going to kill me?"
426
00:24:31,125 --> 00:24:33,833
People are scared
that I'll kill them
427
00:24:33,999 --> 00:24:36,625
and I'm scared to get killed.
428
00:24:36,792 --> 00:24:41,667
That's the main problem
in my neighbourhood.
429
00:24:41,833 --> 00:24:45,917
You have to go inside there, and depending
on the time, something could happen?
430
00:24:46,042 --> 00:24:48,458
Does it happen
or is it more of a legend?
431
00:24:48,667 --> 00:24:51,208
You feel creeped out
about these girls
432
00:24:51,375 --> 00:24:53,875
taking drugs and
prostituting themselves...
433
00:24:54,000 --> 00:24:55,375
The girls aren't the main problem,
434
00:24:55,583 --> 00:24:59,125
it's the men looking for them.
435
00:24:59,458 --> 00:25:03,958
What if they mistake you,
stop you, then get mad at you?
436
00:25:04,083 --> 00:25:06,000
It happens, they stop you.
437
00:25:06,167 --> 00:25:09,625
What? Cars stop you thinking
that you're a prostitute?
438
00:25:09,792 --> 00:25:11,375
Me and anyone there.
439
00:25:11,583 --> 00:25:14,958
No matter how you're dressed,
if you're a woman, they stop you.
440
00:25:16,125 --> 00:25:17,667
It's really uncomfortable.
441
00:25:17,833 --> 00:25:19,667
-Uncomfortable?
-Scary.
442
00:25:19,833 --> 00:25:22,375
You say 'uncomfortable'.
I wouldn't,
443
00:25:22,583 --> 00:25:25,792
It's more than uncomfortable...
444
00:25:27,292 --> 00:25:28,375
It's terrible.
445
00:25:28,583 --> 00:25:33,999
Gambling is the biggest problem
all over Spain today.
446
00:25:34,125 --> 00:25:35,708
Bigger than drugs or anything.
447
00:25:36,417 --> 00:25:38,250
It gets 15-year-olds
448
00:25:38,417 --> 00:25:41,375
to gamble away all the money
they have from working.
449
00:25:41,583 --> 00:25:45,000
The other day
I was going down Calle Mayor,
450
00:25:45,167 --> 00:25:48,000
walking around El Vinagrero,
451
00:25:48,167 --> 00:25:52,375
and I saw a group of lads
13 or 14 years old
452
00:25:52,583 --> 00:25:55,917
going up the old De Colores.
453
00:25:56,042 --> 00:25:59,750
They look at me,
I keep walking and a Moorish kid
454
00:25:59,917 --> 00:26:01,875
comes up and says
"Will you place a bet for me?"
455
00:26:02,000 --> 00:26:05,083
I was going to rehabilitation,
from the accident I had,
456
00:26:05,250 --> 00:26:07,542
and I said "Sorry, man.
457
00:26:08,167 --> 00:26:10,958
I'm not placing a bet for you."
458
00:26:11,083 --> 00:26:11,833
He said "No?"
459
00:26:11,999 --> 00:26:15,708
I left, but the kid was waiting
for any adult,
460
00:26:15,875 --> 00:26:16,999
simply to...
461
00:26:17,125 --> 00:26:18,292
to place a bet.
462
00:26:18,458 --> 00:26:19,208
Yes.
463
00:26:19,375 --> 00:26:20,792
There are loads like that.
464
00:26:21,875 --> 00:26:23,750
I don't know, it's like...
465
00:26:24,458 --> 00:26:26,417
Different mentalities too,
466
00:26:26,625 --> 00:26:28,042
different from before.
467
00:26:28,958 --> 00:26:31,375
Like it's another time.
468
00:26:31,583 --> 00:26:35,708
Bastarreche teaches lots of trades,
hairdressing, beauty courses...
469
00:26:35,875 --> 00:26:39,999
I knew I didn't want
to work in depilation.
470
00:26:40,125 --> 00:26:42,667
I wanted to work in makeup,
471
00:26:42,833 --> 00:26:44,917
and I wanted to get 1st
and 2nd in beauty,
472
00:26:45,125 --> 00:26:46,750
to get into film makeup...
473
00:26:48,000 --> 00:26:49,000
Right.
474
00:26:49,167 --> 00:26:50,167
For that I had to go to Murcia.
475
00:26:50,333 --> 00:26:51,208
Okay.
476
00:26:51,375 --> 00:26:53,542
I thought Murcia had that.
477
00:26:53,708 --> 00:26:56,250
For that I have to go to Murcia,
it isn't here.
478
00:26:56,999 --> 00:26:58,125
And from Murcia to Madrid.
479
00:26:58,292 --> 00:26:59,792
-It isn't anywhere else.
-Right.
480
00:27:02,625 --> 00:27:06,375
I got in and I didn't finish,
481
00:27:08,875 --> 00:27:12,667
I kind of gave up,
like "I'll stay here and work,
482
00:27:12,833 --> 00:27:16,167
because I'm not good at
what I like to do."
483
00:27:16,333 --> 00:27:17,833
Well, you don't know that.
484
00:27:17,999 --> 00:27:19,333
Sure, now you think about it,
485
00:27:19,542 --> 00:27:21,625
but I'm saying what
I thought at the time.
486
00:27:21,958 --> 00:27:26,125
Just turned 18.
487
00:27:26,292 --> 00:27:27,958
Having left school too.
488
00:27:29,000 --> 00:27:33,125
My father's always said
"You want it? You earn it."
489
00:27:33,292 --> 00:27:35,667
The time I was at
Vocational Training
490
00:27:35,833 --> 00:27:37,667
all I did was study,
491
00:27:37,833 --> 00:27:38,999
stuck at home,
492
00:27:39,125 --> 00:27:40,958
and I'd spend time
on the street
493
00:27:41,083 --> 00:27:43,125
with a friend.
494
00:27:43,542 --> 00:27:44,542
Right.
495
00:27:44,708 --> 00:27:46,417
I was broke and he'd
want to do stuff
496
00:27:46,625 --> 00:27:47,625
and I'd say "I'm broke.
497
00:27:48,333 --> 00:27:49,917
I'm broke."
498
00:27:50,042 --> 00:27:52,999
"You must have
enough for a drink" and I'd say...
499
00:27:53,750 --> 00:27:55,999
"No, I've got nothing.
500
00:27:56,125 --> 00:27:59,792
-Bring a bottle and we'll..."
-Totally.
501
00:28:00,292 --> 00:28:02,958
"If you come see me, great,
otherwise I can't."
502
00:28:04,625 --> 00:28:07,125
You feel a bit suffocated.
503
00:28:07,292 --> 00:28:08,667
"I want to go out and do stuff...
504
00:28:08,833 --> 00:28:11,958
Just turned 18 and I want to..."
505
00:28:12,083 --> 00:28:14,792
So I got a job as a waitress.
506
00:28:15,333 --> 00:28:17,208
I worked in the mornings
for my father
507
00:28:17,375 --> 00:28:19,458
and at night in a bar.
508
00:28:19,667 --> 00:28:22,958
Fuck, what a grind.
You worked for your dad?
509
00:28:23,083 --> 00:28:25,333
Yes, until after lunch.
510
00:28:25,542 --> 00:28:26,875
What time did you get up?
511
00:28:27,000 --> 00:28:28,917
In the morning? At 5.
512
00:28:29,042 --> 00:28:31,917
5 a.m., you got off after lunch
and then served drinks?
513
00:28:32,042 --> 00:28:34,917
I'd start at 6
and get out at 4 a.m.
514
00:28:35,042 --> 00:28:35,750
Fuck...
515
00:28:35,917 --> 00:28:38,458
When did you sleep?
The hours don't add up.
516
00:28:38,667 --> 00:28:39,583
Not much.
517
00:28:41,167 --> 00:28:42,583
How long were like that?
518
00:28:42,750 --> 00:28:45,542
-A year and a half.
-Fuck...
519
00:29:28,500 --> 00:29:31,833
After the definitive closing of the mines
520
00:29:31,999 --> 00:29:37,542
the main industrial companies
in Cartagena and La Unión in 1991 were:
521
00:29:37,708 --> 00:29:39,625
Empresa Nacional Bazán (shipyard)
522
00:29:39,792 --> 00:29:41,792
Repsol (refinery)
523
00:29:41,958 --> 00:29:44,667
Fesa, Enfersa and Asur (fertilizers)
524
00:29:44,833 --> 00:29:47,875
Fundición Santa Lucía-Peñarroya (lead)
525
00:29:48,000 --> 00:29:49,917
Española del zinc (zinc)
526
00:29:50,042 --> 00:29:55,583
Depending on these factories
were dozens of other auxiliary companies
527
00:29:55,750 --> 00:30:01,458
that carry out the work of repair,
maintenance, supply and transport.
528
00:30:01,833 --> 00:30:04,792
The column of protesters,
529
00:30:04,958 --> 00:30:08,083
no less than 3000 people,
530
00:30:08,250 --> 00:30:11,333
began a march that lastedalmost 3 hours.
531
00:30:11,542 --> 00:30:14,583
As it passed the government building,
532
00:30:14,750 --> 00:30:17,125
the first incidents occurred,
533
00:30:17,292 --> 00:30:20,417
reaching their heightat San Esteban Palace,
534
00:30:20,625 --> 00:30:23,708
seat of the Presidencyof the Regional Government.
535
00:30:24,625 --> 00:30:27,333
Already in Murcia, at 11:20 a.m.,
536
00:30:27,542 --> 00:30:30,167
the demonstration begandown the streets of the city.
537
00:30:30,333 --> 00:30:32,792
The traffic gridlockin the city of the Segura,
538
00:30:32,958 --> 00:30:35,208
has been striking,
539
00:30:35,375 --> 00:30:38,292
the motorway around Murciablocked for three hours.
540
00:30:38,458 --> 00:30:41,625
The protesters criticizedin words I cannot repeat here
541
00:30:41,792 --> 00:30:45,000
the Mayor of Cartagena,the Treasurer,
542
00:30:45,167 --> 00:30:48,333
the Minister for the Economyand the President.
543
00:30:48,542 --> 00:30:51,958
But the President of the RegionalGovernment, Carlos Collado,
544
00:30:52,083 --> 00:30:54,417
was the target of mostof what was said.
545
00:30:54,792 --> 00:30:56,333
Sir, what do you thinkof the demonstration?
546
00:30:56,542 --> 00:30:58,792
-First, are you from Murcia?
-Yes, I'm from here.
547
00:30:58,958 --> 00:31:01,833
What do you think of the protest?How does it affect you?
548
00:31:01,999 --> 00:31:05,542
We accept it, it's justice...
549
00:31:05,708 --> 00:31:08,875
it's fair what these peoplea protesting about.
550
00:31:09,000 --> 00:31:11,708
After so many years in the company,
551
00:31:11,875 --> 00:31:13,833
and suddenly they're on the street...
552
00:31:13,999 --> 00:31:16,458
we think it's not right.
553
00:31:16,667 --> 00:31:18,833
The government should look at it
554
00:31:18,999 --> 00:31:23,000
and take precautionary measuresso that this doesn't happen.
555
00:31:23,708 --> 00:31:27,375
At 12 sharp, the march enteredthe Floridablanca roundabout.
556
00:31:27,583 --> 00:31:30,792
At 12:20 it stopped in frontof the main government building,
557
00:31:30,958 --> 00:31:33,083
where the first incidents occurred,
558
00:31:33,250 --> 00:31:35,958
a large group of demonstratorstrying to force open
559
00:31:36,083 --> 00:31:38,333
the door leading onto the street.
560
00:31:38,542 --> 00:31:42,292
After a struggle with thosedefending the building from inside,
561
00:31:42,458 --> 00:31:44,417
member of the National Police
562
00:31:44,625 --> 00:31:47,042
let in some 7 persons,
563
00:31:47,208 --> 00:31:50,167
among them the headof the Bazán committee,
564
00:31:50,333 --> 00:31:51,208
Antonio Sáez.
565
00:31:51,375 --> 00:31:54,125
In the 15 minutes of the meetingof the protesters
566
00:31:54,292 --> 00:31:55,875
with the government delegate,
567
00:31:56,000 --> 00:31:59,333
bags were thrown at the buildingwith paint, oranges, lemons,
568
00:31:59,542 --> 00:32:02,792
fireworks, bottles of ammonia,rocks, screws, etc.
569
00:32:02,958 --> 00:32:05,750
As the meeting went on,there was singing outside too...
570
00:32:23,167 --> 00:32:26,917
When the representatives ofthe demonstrators came out,
571
00:32:27,042 --> 00:32:28,917
the demonstration was renewed
572
00:32:29,042 --> 00:32:31,917
and we approached the headof the Bazán committee.
573
00:32:32,042 --> 00:32:34,917
Antonio Sáez, what happenedhere in the government building?
574
00:32:35,042 --> 00:32:37,708
We went up to seethe government delegate.
575
00:32:38,708 --> 00:32:41,375
We told her thatyou can't say on the radio,
576
00:32:41,583 --> 00:32:43,583
that violence breeds violence,
577
00:32:43,750 --> 00:32:46,999
and receiving us with chainson the building and police cordon
578
00:32:47,125 --> 00:32:50,333
breeds violenceand what breeds violence
579
00:32:50,542 --> 00:32:53,250
are the attempts to put peopleout on the street without work,
580
00:32:53,417 --> 00:32:55,417
on which their families depend.
581
00:32:55,625 --> 00:32:57,417
Did something happen?You looked upset coming out.
582
00:32:57,625 --> 00:32:59,542
No, nothing.You just get worked up.
583
00:33:15,625 --> 00:33:19,583
You stacked it with ice
and now it's just water.
584
00:33:19,750 --> 00:33:22,208
Yes, at least you're hydrated.
585
00:33:23,750 --> 00:33:26,292
Check it out,
he's already got a "12 volts".
586
00:33:28,250 --> 00:33:30,750
He's got "6 volts", yeah.
587
00:33:34,125 --> 00:33:36,083
What a gambling bug, eh?
588
00:33:36,958 --> 00:33:38,708
A coke habit would be cheaper.
589
00:33:40,999 --> 00:33:43,000
It's not a gambling bug.
590
00:33:43,167 --> 00:33:45,375
He's popping coins
into the machine all day.
591
00:33:45,583 --> 00:33:48,167
-No, no.
-When he's not broke.
592
00:33:48,333 --> 00:33:50,333
You don't get it,
today he knows he's going to win.
593
00:33:50,542 --> 00:33:51,458
Oh, he knows...
594
00:33:51,667 --> 00:33:52,542
He knows, man.
595
00:33:53,208 --> 00:33:55,999
He knows where the wheel is,
everything.
596
00:33:56,833 --> 00:34:00,917
I've worked as a baker, a builder,
a hairdresser, confectioner, baker...
597
00:34:01,750 --> 00:34:03,750
Perfect, perfect.
598
00:34:07,042 --> 00:34:08,792
Guys, how's work?
599
00:34:08,958 --> 00:34:10,125
-Eh?
-How's work?
600
00:34:10,292 --> 00:34:12,750
No work talk. I'm drinking.
601
00:34:13,208 --> 00:34:15,917
Pepi earns less than your brother Dani.
602
00:34:16,042 --> 00:34:17,583
Some things make us
no money at all.
603
00:34:17,875 --> 00:34:20,292
That's what they say,
but I don't get it.
604
00:34:20,625 --> 00:34:23,250
When you sign a contract
605
00:34:23,417 --> 00:34:25,333
it doesn't specify if you're
a man or a woman.
606
00:34:25,542 --> 00:34:26,208
No.
607
00:34:26,375 --> 00:34:26,999
But...
608
00:34:30,458 --> 00:34:32,833
You and I were painters.
609
00:34:32,999 --> 00:34:34,875
We have to sign
a contract by number.
610
00:34:35,000 --> 00:34:36,000
She makes less!
611
00:34:36,167 --> 00:34:38,375
-It's 532...
-But it doesn't specify...
612
00:34:38,583 --> 00:34:40,083
We both sign the same contract.
She makes less than me?
613
00:34:40,250 --> 00:34:42,208
It doesn't specify
if you're a man or a woman.
614
00:34:42,375 --> 00:34:44,708
It specifies working hours.
How much will you make?
615
00:34:44,875 --> 00:34:47,333
You make more than I do.
616
00:34:47,542 --> 00:34:48,999
On the same contract.
617
00:34:49,125 --> 00:34:51,333
In the jobs with more women,
618
00:34:51,542 --> 00:34:54,458
there's a different contract
and they get paid less.
619
00:34:54,667 --> 00:34:55,708
Raúl!
620
00:34:55,875 --> 00:34:57,042
Two beers!
621
00:34:57,208 --> 00:34:59,042
-Make it three, please.
-Four!
622
00:34:59,750 --> 00:35:01,042
Five, five!
623
00:35:02,000 --> 00:35:03,250
You're having two?
624
00:35:05,667 --> 00:35:07,208
I saw that coming.
625
00:35:07,375 --> 00:35:08,708
The waiter's already...
626
00:35:09,958 --> 00:35:10,792
What can you do?
627
00:35:11,333 --> 00:35:13,875
I can work
and I like to keep moving.
628
00:35:14,000 --> 00:35:16,458
That's good. You like to move?
629
00:35:16,667 --> 00:35:18,125
Do you mind loading?
630
00:35:18,292 --> 00:35:20,917
Not at all.
Still, it depends on the wages.
631
00:35:23,125 --> 00:35:25,083
Depends on the weight
and the wages.
632
00:35:25,250 --> 00:35:25,999
Okay.
633
00:35:26,125 --> 00:35:27,750
But I'm one of those people
634
00:35:27,917 --> 00:35:31,000
-who prefers to work.
-To keep moving.
635
00:35:31,167 --> 00:35:34,208
Instead of being unemployed.
636
00:35:34,375 --> 00:35:36,708
Being unemployed makes me sick.
637
00:35:36,875 --> 00:35:39,958
It makes me sick, man.
Being idle here...
638
00:35:41,083 --> 00:35:42,583
I'd love to join your company.
639
00:35:42,750 --> 00:35:44,583
I was talking to him and...
640
00:35:44,750 --> 00:35:46,583
I'm thinking about it too.
641
00:35:46,750 --> 00:35:47,750
She has a company?
642
00:35:47,917 --> 00:35:50,917
No, I mean working...
643
00:35:51,042 --> 00:35:52,958
-In the industry.
-Exactly.
644
00:35:54,292 --> 00:35:55,583
You don't know what it is.
645
00:35:55,750 --> 00:35:59,417
It's not that I don't know,
but there are no openings...
646
00:35:59,625 --> 00:36:01,000
-If you're not educated...
-Do you work in the industry?
647
00:36:03,917 --> 00:36:05,458
I work in metal structures.
648
00:36:05,625 --> 00:36:08,333
I was never asked
what I wanted to be.
649
00:36:08,500 --> 00:36:10,708
That's in Hollywood movies.
650
00:36:10,875 --> 00:36:13,417
A family in Cartagena
doesn't ask you what to want to be.
651
00:36:13,625 --> 00:36:16,333
You worked in Bazán
like your father and grandfather.
652
00:36:16,542 --> 00:36:17,667
It was crystal clear.
653
00:36:17,833 --> 00:36:19,792
You couldn't do anything else.
654
00:36:20,667 --> 00:36:23,708
I got A's in junior high.
655
00:36:23,875 --> 00:36:25,750
They didn't say: "This kid could be
a doctor, an engineer,
656
00:36:25,917 --> 00:36:27,417
a teacher, or..." No, no.
657
00:36:27,625 --> 00:36:29,583
This kid's going into Bazán, full stop.
658
00:36:29,750 --> 00:36:32,125
At 14 I told my dad
I wanted to do high school
659
00:36:32,292 --> 00:36:33,250
and he didn't let me.
660
00:36:33,417 --> 00:36:35,333
-He didn't let you?
-He didn't let me.
661
00:36:38,083 --> 00:36:40,999
He was determined that
I had to work in that company.
662
00:36:41,125 --> 00:36:43,917
I didn't want to study,
I wasn't a good student,
663
00:36:44,042 --> 00:36:47,667
I didn't like it,
I finished junior high and left school.
664
00:36:47,833 --> 00:36:49,792
I started working.
My father said to me:
665
00:36:49,958 --> 00:36:52,458
"Don't be silly, you're the youngest,
we're doing better, study..."
666
00:36:52,667 --> 00:36:53,708
I didn't want to.
667
00:36:55,750 --> 00:36:58,999
I started working in a biscuit factory
in Miranda and I lasted 5 days.
668
00:36:59,125 --> 00:37:03,708
I came back: "Dad, 8 hours a day
putting biscuits in a box..."
669
00:37:03,875 --> 00:37:05,250
"I told you. Go and study."
670
00:37:05,417 --> 00:37:06,833
I went to an academy,
I didn't like that,
671
00:37:06,999 --> 00:37:08,167
I went back to work...
672
00:37:08,333 --> 00:37:10,833
I wanted to work, to leave home.
673
00:37:10,999 --> 00:37:12,750
The only way to leave home...
674
00:37:13,250 --> 00:37:14,999
was to work.
675
00:37:15,125 --> 00:37:16,583
And the first chance I got
676
00:37:16,750 --> 00:37:18,792
at 18...
677
00:37:20,042 --> 00:37:25,208
A friend had a hotel in Ribadesella
and I said "I'm going there".
678
00:37:25,375 --> 00:37:27,667
Was there trouble with your family?
679
00:37:27,833 --> 00:37:28,750
With my mother, yes.
680
00:37:30,250 --> 00:37:33,542
Days before I left
I had my bag packed.
681
00:37:34,458 --> 00:37:37,458
I put things in
and my mother took them out.
682
00:37:38,083 --> 00:37:40,417
I put in something in
and my mother took it out.
683
00:37:41,583 --> 00:37:45,000
The last memory of my mother
when I left was her screaming.
684
00:37:45,333 --> 00:37:48,042
"Don't come back! Bad daughter!"
685
00:37:48,208 --> 00:37:51,000
"You were to be the joy of
my old age and now you leave!"
686
00:37:52,000 --> 00:37:55,583
-She hoped you'd look after her.
-Exactly, exactly.
687
00:37:55,750 --> 00:37:59,958
In fact,
she didn't speak to me for a year.
688
00:38:00,083 --> 00:38:02,833
One week I was on afternoon shift
689
00:38:03,708 --> 00:38:06,292
and they were telling the groups
going to frames,
690
00:38:06,458 --> 00:38:08,750
to the tanks and such...
691
00:38:08,917 --> 00:38:12,333
In one of those groups
they were a lad short.
692
00:38:13,375 --> 00:38:15,958
I went to the storeroom,
asked for a mask and said:
693
00:38:16,083 --> 00:38:17,042
"You guys keep quiet."
694
00:38:17,208 --> 00:38:20,999
I had an excellent relationship
with all my co-workers.
695
00:38:21,958 --> 00:38:23,417
I got into the tank.
696
00:38:24,417 --> 00:38:25,708
We were working there...
697
00:38:25,875 --> 00:38:28,042
They had to help me in and out,
698
00:38:28,208 --> 00:38:29,458
but it was no problem.
699
00:38:30,667 --> 00:38:33,333
-You got in there?
-Yes, all the way.
700
00:38:33,542 --> 00:38:34,750
With the group.
701
00:38:34,917 --> 00:38:37,667
You were curious about
getting in there.
702
00:38:37,833 --> 00:38:39,333
I wanted to be like anyone else.
703
00:38:39,542 --> 00:38:42,417
They weren't sending me
into the tank because I was a woman.
704
00:38:42,625 --> 00:38:44,958
I spoke to the foreman
and he said to me:
705
00:38:45,083 --> 00:38:47,125
"Mari Carmen, women
in the tank, no.
706
00:38:47,708 --> 00:38:51,167
It's a very tight space..."
707
00:38:51,750 --> 00:38:54,583
"I don't want women in the tank."
It was like that.
708
00:38:54,750 --> 00:38:59,167
So, I've always been
kind of above the law, right?
709
00:39:00,999 --> 00:39:03,417
One afternoon they were
one worker short
710
00:39:03,625 --> 00:39:05,125
and I saw my chance and said...
711
00:39:05,292 --> 00:39:06,250
"Here goes."
712
00:39:08,167 --> 00:39:10,875
I was backed by my co-workers,
who knew me,
713
00:39:11,000 --> 00:39:13,750
I'd worked with them
for a while and they knew
714
00:39:13,917 --> 00:39:15,000
it wasn't a problem.
715
00:39:15,167 --> 00:39:18,708
"Go, we'll help you
in and out, don't worry."
716
00:39:18,875 --> 00:39:19,833
And that's how it was.
717
00:39:19,999 --> 00:39:25,625
I did the job, but the foreman
wanted me for another job...
718
00:39:25,792 --> 00:39:27,125
"Where's Mari Carmen?"
719
00:39:27,292 --> 00:39:28,875
Some co-workers said:
720
00:39:29,000 --> 00:39:30,250
"In the tank."
721
00:39:31,625 --> 00:39:34,250
When I came out, soaked in sweat
722
00:39:34,417 --> 00:39:36,333
because it's damp in there,
723
00:39:36,542 --> 00:39:37,750
a specific damp,
724
00:39:37,917 --> 00:39:40,458
we'd wear paper overalls
over our other overalls,
725
00:39:40,667 --> 00:39:42,833
which didn't breathe
so you didn't drip sweat
726
00:39:42,999 --> 00:39:47,083
because it stained the fabric
and the resin, it lowered the quality,
727
00:39:47,417 --> 00:39:51,000
and the masks for the tanks
728
00:39:51,167 --> 00:39:52,875
were really heavy...
729
00:39:53,875 --> 00:39:56,625
When I came out,
I'd go along the bulwark
730
00:39:56,792 --> 00:39:58,875
and the whole scaffolding
731
00:39:59,000 --> 00:40:02,333
set up around the ship.
732
00:40:02,542 --> 00:40:05,208
Paco García Bayona was...
733
00:40:05,708 --> 00:40:06,958
Down below, right?
734
00:40:07,083 --> 00:40:11,833
He looked at me and I thought:
"He's going to give me hell..."
735
00:40:11,999 --> 00:40:15,333
He said: "You've got more balls
than all of them together"
736
00:40:15,542 --> 00:40:18,750
From that day on,
I worked in the tanks...
737
00:40:19,583 --> 00:40:22,542
but with no grief,
no problems.
738
00:40:22,708 --> 00:40:23,792
Tank, tank, tank...
739
00:40:23,958 --> 00:40:27,708
The urea plant needs on CO2,
740
00:40:27,875 --> 00:40:31,625
which produces the ammonia unit,
741
00:40:31,792 --> 00:40:34,333
it's like an umbilical cord.
742
00:40:34,542 --> 00:40:37,292
The ammonia plant has to work
for the urea plant to work,
743
00:40:37,458 --> 00:40:40,083
then you have the spheres
744
00:40:40,250 --> 00:40:42,333
that are physically here
in Escombreras.
745
00:40:42,542 --> 00:40:43,875
Spheres of ammonia.
746
00:40:44,000 --> 00:40:48,875
Then combine it in a compressor
and raise the pressure.
747
00:40:49,000 --> 00:40:52,583
You put it at 20 or 25,
748
00:40:52,750 --> 00:40:54,542
at 0.25 kilos, no more.
749
00:40:54,708 --> 00:40:57,750
Then the compressor
compresses the air
750
00:40:57,917 --> 00:40:59,167
and it comes to 200Kg.
751
00:40:59,333 --> 00:41:04,208
When you have it at 200 Kg
and the ammonia at 200 Kg,
752
00:41:04,375 --> 00:41:06,625
with alternate pumps,
753
00:41:06,792 --> 00:41:10,000
you put it all in a reactor,
the reactors are...
754
00:41:10,167 --> 00:41:12,375
Imagine a storage tank,
755
00:41:12,583 --> 00:41:14,292
it has to take 200 Kg of pressure,
756
00:41:14,458 --> 00:41:18,167
the reactor being rustproof.
757
00:41:18,333 --> 00:41:20,375
It can be 10-15 cm thick,
758
00:41:20,583 --> 00:41:23,125
so the reaction it causes
759
00:41:23,292 --> 00:41:26,250
is the first step to making urea.
760
00:41:26,417 --> 00:41:28,667
It comes out in a small percentage,
761
00:41:28,833 --> 00:41:30,375
I don't remember exactly
if it's 30 or 35,
762
00:41:30,583 --> 00:41:33,333
and those 200 Kg expand again,
763
00:41:33,542 --> 00:41:36,167
it goes to 20 Kg,
when you expand again.
764
00:41:36,333 --> 00:41:39,083
So the molecules gather,
765
00:41:39,250 --> 00:41:43,375
and the richness of the carbamate
becomes ammonia,
766
00:41:43,583 --> 00:41:46,208
in 3 or 4 phases,
until just over 3 Kg comes out
767
00:41:46,375 --> 00:41:50,083
and urea at 90-95%.
768
00:41:50,250 --> 00:41:52,917
That urea goes into tanks and...
769
00:41:53,042 --> 00:41:55,125
because it's a liquid
and it has to be hot.
770
00:41:55,292 --> 00:41:59,417
When urea is under 105,
it solidifies and you have nothing,
771
00:41:59,625 --> 00:42:04,000
so it was sold in granules,
the grading...
772
00:42:04,167 --> 00:42:06,208
Just imagine,
773
00:42:07,292 --> 00:42:10,542
little balls, like anise balls,
774
00:42:10,708 --> 00:42:12,833
I don't know if they still make those.
775
00:42:12,999 --> 00:42:15,375
Then you spin it in
776
00:42:15,583 --> 00:42:19,167
a "prilado" basket, it's called,
and after the spinning,
777
00:42:19,333 --> 00:42:21,542
the grading is bigger or smaller
778
00:42:21,708 --> 00:42:24,292
and that's 500 tons a day.
779
00:42:24,458 --> 00:42:27,000
In winter I did everything.
780
00:42:27,167 --> 00:42:31,750
I made the beds, served breakfast...
Winter was very slow.
781
00:42:32,875 --> 00:42:36,250
Then in the evening
my bosses would leave
782
00:42:36,417 --> 00:42:38,458
and I'd stay at reception
in case a guest came.
783
00:42:38,667 --> 00:42:40,667
Just watching TV,
but it was all day.
784
00:42:40,833 --> 00:42:43,792
From 8 a.m. when you got up
until 11 at night.
785
00:42:43,958 --> 00:42:46,708
At 11 I could go out
for a walk if I wanted.
786
00:42:46,875 --> 00:42:50,750
I wasn't so keen to go...
I did get out some days, but...
787
00:42:50,917 --> 00:42:53,917
the hours were long
for 14,000 pesetas a month.
788
00:42:54,042 --> 00:42:56,375
-In '81?
-'80.
789
00:42:56,583 --> 00:42:58,417
14,000 pesetas a month
790
00:42:58,625 --> 00:43:01,250
and in summer...
791
00:43:02,333 --> 00:43:04,083
24,000 pesetas.
792
00:43:04,250 --> 00:43:07,167
We'd get up, serve breakfast and...
793
00:43:07,333 --> 00:43:08,667
do the ironing.
794
00:43:08,833 --> 00:43:11,417
Then we'd serve lunch, clean up,
795
00:43:11,625 --> 00:43:15,333
a few hours of rest, then dinners,
so we did all the services.
796
00:43:15,958 --> 00:43:18,375
From Tuesday to Sunday?
797
00:43:18,583 --> 00:43:19,833
Every day.
798
00:43:19,999 --> 00:43:22,792
We only got off Thursday
and Sunday evenings.
799
00:43:22,958 --> 00:43:25,375
That's it, no holidays there.
800
00:43:25,583 --> 00:43:28,917
I only went back to Miranda
because I broke my arm.
801
00:43:30,125 --> 00:43:31,458
In a dryer.
802
00:43:32,542 --> 00:43:34,083
The slowing device worked badly
803
00:43:34,250 --> 00:43:36,625
and we'd put in a towel
to stop the dryer.
804
00:43:36,792 --> 00:43:40,583
It was one of those old dryers.
My arm got caught.
805
00:43:40,750 --> 00:43:43,917
I broke my ulna and my radius.
806
00:43:44,958 --> 00:43:47,000
He said to me: "No sick leave.
807
00:43:47,292 --> 00:43:49,958
Make the most of it now
to go see your family..."
808
00:43:50,999 --> 00:43:54,750
And I left with no sick leave.
That's how it worked.
809
00:43:54,917 --> 00:43:56,292
You had no choice.
810
00:43:57,999 --> 00:43:59,667
Fucking shit,
811
00:43:59,833 --> 00:44:02,458
the "American shift"
is fucking shit.
812
00:44:02,667 --> 00:44:04,458
It's a non-stop shift,
813
00:44:04,667 --> 00:44:07,708
you're on duty 24 hours a day.
814
00:44:07,875 --> 00:44:10,667
Grinding at night is cheaper because...
815
00:44:10,833 --> 00:44:13,042
the electricity fees are...
816
00:44:13,208 --> 00:44:15,792
The weekends are cheaper,
817
00:44:15,958 --> 00:44:18,375
the fees are off-peak.
818
00:44:18,583 --> 00:44:22,333
The power is cheaper,
so you make cheaper cement.
819
00:44:24,958 --> 00:44:28,208
The "American shift" means
working 7 days straight.
820
00:44:28,375 --> 00:44:31,000
You get the rest of
that day off and the next.
821
00:44:31,167 --> 00:44:34,792
Another 7 days straight,
that day off and the next.
822
00:44:34,958 --> 00:44:38,417
Another 7 days straight,
the same thing, then 9 days.
823
00:44:38,625 --> 00:44:41,000
You never have holidays, but...
824
00:44:41,167 --> 00:44:43,958
every 21 days you have
10 days holiday,
825
00:44:44,208 --> 00:44:46,750
so to speak, or 10 days off.
826
00:44:46,917 --> 00:44:48,292
And does it change...?
827
00:44:49,375 --> 00:44:52,042
Each of the 7 days varies,
828
00:44:52,208 --> 00:44:53,583
mornings, afternoons and nights.
829
00:44:53,750 --> 00:44:57,667
So, at most you have
straight shifts of 3 days
830
00:44:57,833 --> 00:45:00,125
that coincide with the weekend.
831
00:45:00,292 --> 00:45:03,167
So the first shift was:
832
00:45:03,333 --> 00:45:07,042
two mornings, Monday, Tuesday;
two afternoons, Wednesday, Thursday;
833
00:45:07,208 --> 00:45:10,375
Friday, Saturday and Sunday at night.
834
00:45:10,583 --> 00:45:13,167
Then you got off night shift
835
00:45:13,333 --> 00:45:14,750
and you had a day off.
836
00:45:14,917 --> 00:45:17,708
Then you'd start mornings
on Wednesday and Thursday,
837
00:45:17,875 --> 00:45:20,000
Friday, Saturday and Sunday afternoons,
838
00:45:20,167 --> 00:45:21,999
and Monday and Tuesday nights.
839
00:45:22,125 --> 00:45:23,583
The rest of the day and the next.
840
00:45:23,750 --> 00:45:26,458
And you'd start Friday, Saturday
and Sunday mornings,
841
00:45:27,875 --> 00:45:29,208
Monday and Tuesday afternoons,
842
00:45:29,375 --> 00:45:32,250
and Wednesday and Thursday nights,
then you're off.
843
00:45:32,417 --> 00:45:35,167
-Didn't that do your head in?
-It kills you.
844
00:45:35,333 --> 00:45:36,875
It kills you...
845
00:45:37,917 --> 00:45:40,917
You have to organize it really well.
846
00:45:41,042 --> 00:45:43,583
You get paid more for nights.
847
00:45:45,542 --> 00:45:47,375
They cough up more cash,
848
00:45:47,583 --> 00:45:49,917
so it can't be good.
849
00:45:50,042 --> 00:45:52,333
If you get paid more
it's for some reason.
850
00:45:52,625 --> 00:45:55,833
They take advantage, I mean,
851
00:45:56,875 --> 00:46:00,000
I know that in the valley
of Escombreras
852
00:46:00,167 --> 00:46:02,250
the companies there are
going to keep polluting,
853
00:46:02,417 --> 00:46:05,167
so I'd rather benefit from it.
854
00:46:05,333 --> 00:46:07,792
I want to build a football field?
855
00:46:07,958 --> 00:46:09,792
I go and ask them for money.
856
00:46:09,958 --> 00:46:13,958
I want to fix a medical clinic?
I ask them for money.
857
00:46:14,250 --> 00:46:17,375
So you might say I take advantage
of this situation.
858
00:46:17,583 --> 00:46:20,792
So I'm not going on strike
or demonstrating,
859
00:46:20,958 --> 00:46:24,042
telling the companies to go,
because in the end...
860
00:46:24,208 --> 00:46:26,125
I benefit from them.
861
00:46:26,292 --> 00:46:30,167
Then there's the other group,
which would rather,
862
00:46:30,333 --> 00:46:33,208
maybe, not have this money,
863
00:46:33,375 --> 00:46:35,792
but to have better air quality.
864
00:46:35,958 --> 00:46:39,708
When there's a "bout"
of pollution,
865
00:46:39,875 --> 00:46:42,625
to not have to say:
866
00:46:42,792 --> 00:46:45,167
"I have to stay at home
and shut the windows",
867
00:46:45,333 --> 00:46:48,292
or "My kids are at school
and they're shut inside."
868
00:46:48,458 --> 00:46:50,833
-Does that happen?
-Yes, sure it happens.
869
00:46:51,167 --> 00:46:54,042
There was a small fire.
870
00:46:54,208 --> 00:46:58,208
No warning, the alarms didn't go off,
and people were worried:
871
00:46:58,375 --> 00:47:01,583
"I'm going to get my kids
from school", when really
872
00:47:01,750 --> 00:47:05,250
the safety protocol says that
the child must stay in the school
873
00:47:05,417 --> 00:47:07,750
because they're safer there.
If you take them out on the street,
874
00:47:07,917 --> 00:47:10,292
they're exposed to the pollution.
875
00:47:10,458 --> 00:47:12,833
People were taking their kids out
876
00:47:12,999 --> 00:47:15,917
and the principal told them
they couldn't go out.
877
00:47:16,042 --> 00:47:18,583
They shut the windows,
878
00:47:18,750 --> 00:47:21,708
and word went out on the streets.
879
00:47:21,875 --> 00:47:24,667
But in the town,
no one came...
880
00:47:26,083 --> 00:47:30,000
from the refinery from
Escombreras, to say...
881
00:47:30,167 --> 00:47:33,000
that they'd exceeded the levels
of contamination
882
00:47:33,167 --> 00:47:34,958
and you couldn't go outside,
883
00:47:35,458 --> 00:47:39,250
because when there's a lot,
you can do this,
884
00:47:39,417 --> 00:47:40,917
brush it off like it was ash.
885
00:47:41,042 --> 00:47:43,542
I integrated very well with them,
886
00:47:43,708 --> 00:47:46,708
with no problems, to the point
where if the group was short,
887
00:47:46,875 --> 00:47:49,417
they'd tell the foreman:
"Get Mari Carmen."
888
00:47:49,625 --> 00:47:52,000
They'd say: "Get Mari Carmen."
I was accepted.
889
00:47:52,167 --> 00:47:55,417
-Always in lamination?
-Always.
890
00:47:55,625 --> 00:47:58,999
My time in the factory
was in lamination with them.
891
00:47:59,125 --> 00:48:00,917
Since there were morning
and afternoon shifts,
892
00:48:01,042 --> 00:48:04,417
I had time to meet and spend
time with everyone, you know?
893
00:48:04,625 --> 00:48:08,417
I couldn't say goodbye
to some of them.
894
00:48:08,625 --> 00:48:10,708
It's strange, because...
895
00:48:10,875 --> 00:48:14,042
if the factory's here,
the main offices are here,
896
00:48:14,208 --> 00:48:15,750
so we were just metres away.
897
00:48:15,917 --> 00:48:18,542
But you know it's a change,
898
00:48:18,708 --> 00:48:21,917
you don't spend those 8 hours
with this guy,
899
00:48:22,042 --> 00:48:26,042
more time than
you spend at home, you know?
900
00:48:26,208 --> 00:48:28,750
And in cramped spaces.
901
00:48:28,917 --> 00:48:30,750
You end up telling personal things,
902
00:48:30,917 --> 00:48:34,208
and they end up being my friends,
because they were.
903
00:48:34,375 --> 00:48:36,958
I couldn't say goodbye
to a lot of them.
904
00:48:37,083 --> 00:48:38,833
I never said goodbye.
905
00:48:38,999 --> 00:48:41,000
I still see them, obviously.
906
00:48:41,167 --> 00:48:43,250
But I felt really bad.
907
00:48:43,417 --> 00:48:45,333
And I'll tell you,
908
00:48:45,542 --> 00:48:48,292
my adaptation to the office
was hard too.
909
00:48:48,458 --> 00:48:51,417
I felt bad.
I remember the first month
910
00:48:51,625 --> 00:48:54,458
I came out with terrible headaches.
911
00:48:54,667 --> 00:48:57,250
I'd say: "These headaches?
I've never had headaches.
912
00:48:57,417 --> 00:48:58,917
Why do I have such a headache?"
913
00:48:59,042 --> 00:49:02,625
The head of medical services
at the time was Carmen Parrilla.
914
00:49:03,375 --> 00:49:07,042
I went to see her and said:
"Carmen, it's awful, I can't take it."
915
00:49:07,208 --> 00:49:09,458
She said: "You went from the factory
916
00:49:10,583 --> 00:49:13,542
to the offices."
The "gilded cage", they called it.
917
00:49:13,708 --> 00:49:17,083
I didn't understand until later.
The "gilded cage", sure.
918
00:49:17,250 --> 00:49:20,292
In the factory, like it or not,
you have times outside,
919
00:49:20,458 --> 00:49:24,208
in the fresh air, leave early
to have a shower...
920
00:49:24,999 --> 00:49:28,042
But in the office
if your hours are up to 2:30,
921
00:49:28,208 --> 00:49:31,042
you stay there until 2:30.
922
00:49:32,375 --> 00:49:35,375
I found it hard to adapt.
923
00:49:35,583 --> 00:49:38,958
Then, the atmosphere's different.
924
00:49:39,083 --> 00:49:43,000
Totally different. The atmosphere
in the factory is...
925
00:49:43,167 --> 00:49:46,292
You have loads more fun. Loads.
926
00:49:46,458 --> 00:49:48,458
Why?
927
00:49:49,708 --> 00:49:53,375
I think the office is more...
928
00:49:55,000 --> 00:49:56,250
How can I say this?
929
00:49:57,000 --> 00:50:00,792
I don't want to say classist,
though it is.
930
00:50:00,958 --> 00:50:04,042
A lot of people
931
00:50:04,208 --> 00:50:06,625
go straight there without
passing through the factory,
932
00:50:06,792 --> 00:50:10,458
and I think people should pass
through the factory and find out.
933
00:50:10,667 --> 00:50:14,667
Whoever makes the blueprint has to
know what it takes to build it,
934
00:50:14,999 --> 00:50:17,625
to level the floor,
935
00:50:18,542 --> 00:50:22,333
and get the heating in.
Do you know what I mean?
936
00:50:22,542 --> 00:50:24,208
And the atmosphere.
937
00:50:24,375 --> 00:50:27,542
The atmosphere's much...
938
00:50:27,708 --> 00:50:30,625
friendlier in factories.
939
00:50:30,792 --> 00:50:34,750
In offices it's always like a race,
a race to get...
940
00:50:35,958 --> 00:50:39,792
the boss to look at you,
it's about promotions...
941
00:50:39,958 --> 00:50:41,250
It's different.
942
00:50:41,708 --> 00:50:45,375
It's noticeably different.
For the worse, eh?
943
00:50:45,583 --> 00:50:49,042
-Like there was no camaraderie?
-Not as much.
944
00:50:49,208 --> 00:50:50,958
Not as much, none.
945
00:50:51,083 --> 00:50:54,667
My father didn't work 8 hours,
he worked 10 or 12 hours a day.
946
00:50:54,833 --> 00:50:58,000
And it was hard work.
Shipbuilding...
947
00:50:58,167 --> 00:50:59,375
is hard work.
948
00:50:59,583 --> 00:51:02,708
Not bad in wages and conditions,
but it's hard.
949
00:51:02,875 --> 00:51:05,792
Working on and in a ship,
welding a ship,
950
00:51:05,958 --> 00:51:08,208
it's no easy job. It's hard work.
951
00:51:10,125 --> 00:51:13,999
There are occupational hazards.
952
00:51:14,125 --> 00:51:16,917
I started work at 14,
at the apprentice school,
953
00:51:17,042 --> 00:51:20,208
and my first accident was at 14.
I always tell people that.
954
00:51:20,375 --> 00:51:24,208
When someone bugs me
I say: "Hold on,
955
00:51:24,375 --> 00:51:27,708
when did you start working?
I did at 14.
956
00:51:27,875 --> 00:51:30,000
And your first work accident?
957
00:51:30,167 --> 00:51:33,208
Mine was at 14.
Hard to believe, right?
958
00:51:34,375 --> 00:51:37,375
I was first injured
before I was15.
959
00:51:37,583 --> 00:51:40,625
I had a serious work accident.
960
00:51:42,417 --> 00:51:44,792
I began work at 14.
961
00:51:44,958 --> 00:51:48,875
You pass your entrance exam
to the apprentice school,
962
00:51:49,000 --> 00:51:53,000
and do 4 hours of class
and 3 hours in the workshop.
963
00:51:53,250 --> 00:51:56,958
At 14 you do 3 hours,
in your overalls, at your machine,
964
00:51:57,083 --> 00:51:59,625
doing the same as a worker
40 or 50 years old.
965
00:51:59,792 --> 00:52:02,083
He'd do a large piece and you did
a small one, but it was the same.
966
00:52:02,250 --> 00:52:06,000
He had a huge machine and I had a small one.
967
00:52:06,167 --> 00:52:09,583
At the school conditions were worse,
there was no OHS.
968
00:52:09,750 --> 00:52:13,750
The beautiful term "occupational
health and safety" is modern.
969
00:52:14,208 --> 00:52:17,292
At the school there were no hoists,
970
00:52:17,458 --> 00:52:20,125
no gloves, no safety boots
971
00:52:20,292 --> 00:52:22,417
and no trolleys to move the pieces.
972
00:52:22,625 --> 00:52:25,000
So a guy in 3rd year...
973
00:52:25,167 --> 00:52:28,375
was like a god, and you,
in first, were a nobody.
974
00:52:28,583 --> 00:52:31,667
The 3rd-year guy would say:
"Kid, bring me some iron."
975
00:52:31,833 --> 00:52:34,708
"But what iron?"
"Just go get it from stores."
976
00:52:34,875 --> 00:52:37,792
To make a piece like this ashtray,
977
00:52:38,999 --> 00:52:42,708
a bar 2 metres long and 70 cm
in diameter had to be shifted,
978
00:52:42,875 --> 00:52:46,292
weighing 200 kilos,
by three 14-year-old boys,
979
00:52:46,458 --> 00:52:49,000
No hoist, no gloves,
980
00:52:49,167 --> 00:52:51,583
no boots or trolley.
981
00:52:51,750 --> 00:52:54,042
The three of us moving that iron,
we couldn't do it.
982
00:52:54,208 --> 00:52:58,208
In was in the middle and the boys
on either end couldn't carry it.
983
00:52:58,708 --> 00:53:01,875
200 kilos of iron fell on my toes.
984
00:53:02,000 --> 00:53:05,000
I still feel the aftereffects.
My nails were ripped out.
985
00:53:06,292 --> 00:53:08,875
I bled and screamed
like you wouldn't believe
986
00:53:09,000 --> 00:53:10,958
and said "What is this?
987
00:53:11,083 --> 00:53:14,583
Why have I had an accident?
I'm only 14!"
988
00:53:14,750 --> 00:53:18,042
The ambulance came,
the medic saw my feet and said:
989
00:53:18,208 --> 00:53:21,125
"To Emergencies.
Siren on." And I went.
990
00:53:21,292 --> 00:53:24,667
At Emergencies they were shocked
to have to deal with a 14-year-old
991
00:53:24,833 --> 00:53:27,250
with a work accident.
But that was our life.
992
00:53:28,792 --> 00:53:31,458
You learned a trade,
and at 14 that also meant
993
00:53:31,667 --> 00:53:33,208
working in the trade.
994
00:53:33,375 --> 00:53:35,417
And if the conditions were bad,
so be it.
995
00:53:35,625 --> 00:53:39,375
You can't complain much,
it's a living for life
996
00:53:39,583 --> 00:53:43,583
I earned a living and I'm not
playing the martyr here.
997
00:53:43,999 --> 00:53:46,625
You have to accept the risk
that at 14
998
00:53:46,792 --> 00:53:48,333
you're living a man's life.
999
00:53:48,542 --> 00:53:51,417
At 14, I'm embarrassed to say this,
but I was pre-pubescent,
1000
00:53:51,625 --> 00:53:56,667
I had no hair on my balls,
and I already had a man's job.
1001
00:53:56,833 --> 00:54:00,625
I had no hair on my balls,
but I already had a man's job.
1002
00:54:02,292 --> 00:54:05,750
You know work before sex,
before money,
1003
00:54:05,917 --> 00:54:09,167
you know work before love,
before anything.
1004
00:54:09,333 --> 00:54:11,208
That was a worker's life in the 80s.
1005
00:54:11,375 --> 00:54:14,625
We're the last generation
of child labourers in this country.
1006
00:54:14,792 --> 00:54:16,875
You know work
before everything else.
1007
00:54:17,000 --> 00:54:20,042
Now you know everything before work.
Life has changed, eh?
1008
00:54:20,208 --> 00:54:24,167
You know everything before work
and before it was the opposite.
1009
00:54:25,208 --> 00:54:27,750
It was hard.
For a teenager it was hard.
1010
00:54:27,917 --> 00:54:30,999
Also that year,
this is very personal, but...
1011
00:54:31,125 --> 00:54:33,958
When I turned 14,
my father got sick,
1012
00:54:34,083 --> 00:54:36,333
and I realized he was going to die.
1013
00:54:37,375 --> 00:54:39,208
I realized for sure
1014
00:54:39,375 --> 00:54:41,792
that his conditions
were going to kill him.
1015
00:54:42,875 --> 00:54:45,917
My father went deaf,
also because of work.
1016
00:54:46,042 --> 00:54:48,542
Due to his sicknesses,
plus the lack of safety or hygiene.
1017
00:54:48,708 --> 00:54:51,125
"Where do we put the deafest?"
Where it was noisiest, the compressors.
1018
00:54:51,292 --> 00:54:54,792
The poor man spent 40 years there
with hearing trouble
1019
00:54:54,958 --> 00:54:57,875
and ear operations...
In the end he went deaf
1020
00:54:58,000 --> 00:55:00,750
and, unfortunately,
he became an alcoholic.
1021
00:55:00,917 --> 00:55:03,125
My father was an upright man,
1022
00:55:03,292 --> 00:55:06,458
I have a good memory of him,
an upright man, churchgoing,
1023
00:55:06,667 --> 00:55:10,667
a man of traditional customs.
1024
00:55:11,125 --> 00:55:14,667
And he went off the rails badly.
1025
00:55:14,833 --> 00:55:17,792
There were no psychologists then,
no treatment, nothing,
1026
00:55:17,958 --> 00:55:20,542
he really went off the rails...
1027
00:55:20,708 --> 00:55:23,625
sadness, depression, deafness,
sadness, depression, alcohol.
1028
00:55:23,792 --> 00:55:27,583
Cigarettes, alcohol, cigarettes,
alcohol, cigarettes, alcohol...
1029
00:55:29,042 --> 00:55:31,792
And I understood that
my father was going to die.
1030
00:55:31,958 --> 00:55:34,792
My father smoked three packs
of cigarettes a day,
1031
00:55:34,958 --> 00:55:38,958
he drank three bottles of wine
every day and he didn't eat...
1032
00:55:39,083 --> 00:55:41,125
At 14 you discover
your father's going to die
1033
00:55:41,292 --> 00:55:44,208
because it'll hit his stomach,
his heart, his kidneys,
1034
00:55:44,375 --> 00:55:47,375
or his liver, but it will.
He couldn't survive like this.
1035
00:55:47,583 --> 00:55:49,750
Those were three horrible years,
1036
00:55:49,917 --> 00:55:52,458
from when he got sick
until I was 17.
1037
00:55:52,667 --> 00:55:54,667
When I was 17, my father died.
1038
00:55:54,833 --> 00:55:57,458
So I knew I'd have to work
in the company my whole life,
1039
00:55:57,667 --> 00:56:01,167
because my mother's widowed
with a pension of 300 euros.
1040
00:56:01,333 --> 00:56:03,042
Today it'd be 300 euros.
1041
00:56:03,208 --> 00:56:06,583
My mother's not paying
for my degree...
1042
00:56:06,750 --> 00:56:08,708
I have to fend for myself.
1043
00:56:08,875 --> 00:56:11,417
I have no father for support,
he's dead,
1044
00:56:11,625 --> 00:56:13,000
and my mother can't do it.
1045
00:56:13,167 --> 00:56:16,458
My father's family
1046
00:56:16,667 --> 00:56:19,042
was what they called "leftist".
1047
00:56:19,208 --> 00:56:22,375
I don't know if they all were,
but my father was.
1048
00:56:22,583 --> 00:56:24,792
If your father was a leftist,
you were too,
1049
00:56:24,958 --> 00:56:27,625
if your father was a Falangist,
you were too.
1050
00:56:27,792 --> 00:56:30,458
My dad's family was leftist.
1051
00:56:30,667 --> 00:56:34,667
They came looking for my uncle,
1052
00:56:34,833 --> 00:56:36,750
who's older than my father,
1053
00:56:36,917 --> 00:56:39,708
and since he'd fled to Madrid,
they took my father.
1054
00:56:39,875 --> 00:56:43,458
At 17 they took him to Madrid.
To Guadarrama, I think.
1055
00:56:44,542 --> 00:56:47,083
And there he did military service.
1056
00:56:47,250 --> 00:56:49,875
It was two or three years
of military service.
1057
00:56:50,000 --> 00:56:51,917
The war began and he went.
1058
00:56:52,958 --> 00:56:54,542
When the war was over,
1059
00:56:54,708 --> 00:56:58,333
they took him to Larache, to Africa,
1060
00:56:58,542 --> 00:57:01,458
to what they called...
It was a concentration camp.
1061
00:57:01,667 --> 00:57:03,667
They called them
"disciplinary battalions".
1062
00:57:03,833 --> 00:57:07,000
They had them building roads,
1063
00:57:08,625 --> 00:57:11,333
chipping rocks,
the classic movie thing,
1064
00:57:12,167 --> 00:57:13,333
they were poorly fed...
1065
00:57:13,542 --> 00:57:16,292
I remember my father telling us
1066
00:57:16,458 --> 00:57:20,042
the water they used to
soak the chick peas...
1067
00:57:20,208 --> 00:57:22,958
was their food.
1068
00:57:23,083 --> 00:57:25,917
And for them that was...
a "Sunday treat."
1069
00:57:26,958 --> 00:57:29,625
Poorly fed, malnourished,
poorly dressed,
1070
00:57:29,792 --> 00:57:31,417
a lot of hardships...
1071
00:57:31,625 --> 00:57:33,999
I think that really affects a person,
1072
00:57:35,000 --> 00:57:37,667
because my father was never
1073
00:57:37,833 --> 00:57:40,999
a spendthrift, he was always
watching his pennies.
1074
00:57:41,125 --> 00:57:43,999
He had five children too.
That's a factor.
1075
00:57:44,125 --> 00:57:46,958
"The hunger years", he'd say.
When we refused to eat something:
1076
00:57:47,083 --> 00:57:49,542
"If only you'd been
in the hunger years..."
1077
00:57:49,708 --> 00:57:52,042
With one tin or sardines
the whole family had to eat.
1078
00:57:52,208 --> 00:57:55,000
My mother bought milk...
They'd put water in it.
1079
00:57:55,167 --> 00:57:57,167
She'd add more water to it.
1080
00:57:58,083 --> 00:58:00,999
He came home after 6 years.
1081
00:58:02,625 --> 00:58:06,167
And he went back to farming.
1082
00:58:06,333 --> 00:58:09,167
That's what his family
did then, farming.
1083
00:58:09,333 --> 00:58:10,542
He had some olive trees,
1084
00:58:12,042 --> 00:58:13,292
some wheat, barley...
1085
00:58:14,083 --> 00:58:16,750
And with that... we all got by.
1086
00:58:18,250 --> 00:58:21,083
He was very much an atheist.
Priests for my father
1087
00:58:22,125 --> 00:58:24,083
and the Guardia Civil, no way.
1088
00:58:25,208 --> 00:58:28,708
-So that experience...
-Yes, it affected him.
1089
00:58:28,875 --> 00:58:30,917
It affected him a lot.
1090
00:58:31,958 --> 00:58:33,667
I remember that...
1091
00:58:33,833 --> 00:58:37,833
when democracy came in Spain,
1092
00:58:38,125 --> 00:58:41,125
is one of the few times
I've seen my father cry. Cry.
1093
00:58:42,999 --> 00:58:44,333
When Franco died,
1094
00:58:46,708 --> 00:58:47,833
that was...
1095
00:58:48,875 --> 00:58:50,458
It wasn't a party,
1096
00:58:50,667 --> 00:58:54,167
but my father breathed out,
saying "Finally!"
1097
00:58:55,250 --> 00:58:58,333
He had a bad time. Very, very bad.
1098
00:58:58,542 --> 00:59:02,000
He didn't tell us much,
he didn't tell "war stories", but...
1099
00:59:03,375 --> 00:59:07,208
all of them packed in there,
if a rat went by he'd catch it.
1100
00:59:08,250 --> 00:59:10,708
Catch it and eat it. A rat!
1101
00:59:11,917 --> 00:59:15,125
I mean, hunger... and then some.
1102
00:59:15,292 --> 00:59:16,583
He had a tough time.
1103
00:59:17,625 --> 00:59:19,208
But he recovered.
1104
00:59:19,375 --> 00:59:24,375
My father died of a heart attack,
1105
00:59:24,583 --> 00:59:27,167
but in the final years
1106
00:59:27,333 --> 00:59:29,083
he'd really deteriorated.
1107
00:59:29,250 --> 00:59:31,917
My father didn't drink or smoke.
He never had,
1108
00:59:33,208 --> 00:59:35,083
but he was burnt out,
1109
00:59:35,250 --> 00:59:39,208
really worn out,
really worn out.
1110
00:59:39,375 --> 00:59:42,542
I spoke to a doctor,
six years before my father died,
1111
00:59:42,708 --> 00:59:44,083
he was in a bad patch.
1112
00:59:44,250 --> 00:59:46,708
In two months he'd had
four heart attacks and two thromboses.
1113
00:59:48,208 --> 00:59:52,208
I said: "Damn it, he doesn't smoke
or drink. All he does is work."
1114
00:59:52,542 --> 00:59:55,750
He said: "He went through a war,
and it leaves a mark on your heart.
1115
00:59:56,917 --> 01:00:00,292
It's not just that his heart
that is taking a beating,
1116
01:00:01,417 --> 01:00:03,333
it's emotional as well."
1117
01:00:03,542 --> 01:00:06,875
And the mark it left on him
1118
01:00:07,000 --> 01:00:09,125
dragged him down all the time,
1119
01:00:10,375 --> 01:00:11,875
and his heart killed him.
1120
01:00:12,333 --> 01:00:14,875
Life in Bazán was...
1121
01:00:16,042 --> 01:00:18,292
His end there was hard because...
1122
01:00:19,333 --> 01:00:22,167
when there was this "reconversion"
of the company,
1123
01:00:24,292 --> 01:00:26,958
some left, others stayed,
1124
01:00:27,083 --> 01:00:29,458
and he was one of those that left.
1125
01:00:29,667 --> 01:00:32,875
They gave him compensation,
1126
01:00:34,083 --> 01:00:37,625
and he and some co-workers
1127
01:00:37,792 --> 01:00:39,583
decided to start a business.
1128
01:00:40,792 --> 01:00:42,875
In the end,
1129
01:00:43,000 --> 01:00:46,125
the crisis hit them hard.
1130
01:00:46,292 --> 01:00:48,999
They ended up closing the company
1131
01:00:50,667 --> 01:00:53,417
and he and his co-workers
1132
01:00:53,625 --> 01:00:55,167
lost everything
1133
01:00:55,333 --> 01:00:58,208
because you don't expect it
1134
01:00:58,375 --> 01:01:01,167
to go that way, the company,
1135
01:01:01,333 --> 01:01:05,292
the financial situation,
the social situation...
1136
01:01:05,458 --> 01:01:07,250
What sort of company was it?
1137
01:01:07,417 --> 01:01:10,583
I think it was something similar,
1138
01:01:10,750 --> 01:01:12,375
but I don't remember exactly.
1139
01:01:12,583 --> 01:01:15,083
They set it up around Pacheco.
1140
01:01:15,250 --> 01:01:18,000
But was it machinery?
Or hardware?
1141
01:01:18,167 --> 01:01:19,417
Something like that.
1142
01:01:19,625 --> 01:01:22,375
And they had to go into debt
1143
01:01:22,583 --> 01:01:24,750
-with their own houses to...
-Sure,
1144
01:01:24,917 --> 01:01:28,250
he put his house up as collateral.
1145
01:01:28,417 --> 01:01:32,042
Then, when the crisis came,
1146
01:01:32,208 --> 01:01:33,792
he lost everything.
1147
01:01:33,958 --> 01:01:36,708
He lost his company, his house,
1148
01:01:38,583 --> 01:01:42,333
and he and his family,
with three kids,
1149
01:01:42,542 --> 01:01:46,250
had to move back into
his father-in-law's house,
1150
01:01:47,292 --> 01:01:49,750
my mother's father.
1151
01:01:49,917 --> 01:01:51,458
And...
1152
01:01:51,667 --> 01:01:54,458
it's not the same living with
your family in your house
1153
01:01:54,667 --> 01:01:56,083
and then going back,
1154
01:01:56,250 --> 01:01:59,750
in this case, my mother
to her parents' house,
1155
01:01:59,917 --> 01:02:02,833
to start again, to get through it,
1156
01:02:02,999 --> 01:02:05,999
when you've lost everything,
you have nothing left,
1157
01:02:07,167 --> 01:02:08,292
because of a crisis.
1158
01:02:10,667 --> 01:02:12,417
Do you have clear memories
of this period?
1159
01:02:13,458 --> 01:02:17,375
I was very young. In fact,...
1160
01:02:17,583 --> 01:02:20,208
at a demonstration
1161
01:02:20,375 --> 01:02:22,875
over the diversion of the track,
for the rights of Alumbres,
1162
01:02:23,000 --> 01:02:24,625
-my father died.
-What's that?
1163
01:02:24,792 --> 01:02:26,833
Yes, it got him there.
1164
01:02:26,999 --> 01:02:29,667
He was going to a demonstration,
1165
01:02:29,833 --> 01:02:33,333
I can't recall if it was about
the diversion of the track,
1166
01:02:33,542 --> 01:02:36,167
but it affected Alumbres and...
1167
01:02:36,333 --> 01:02:39,292
he had a heart attack.
It was very sudden.
1168
01:02:39,458 --> 01:02:41,917
He died there.
I was only 8 years old,
1169
01:02:42,042 --> 01:02:45,208
so I don't remember much...
1170
01:02:46,292 --> 01:02:48,250
of that period.
1171
01:02:48,417 --> 01:02:51,417
But when it happened,
1172
01:02:51,625 --> 01:02:53,625
the eviction and losing everything,
1173
01:02:53,792 --> 01:02:56,333
I would've been
1174
01:02:56,542 --> 01:02:58,958
4, 5 or 6 years old.
1175
01:02:59,083 --> 01:03:02,000
I was very little,
I don't remember clearly
1176
01:03:02,167 --> 01:03:04,167
certain things that happened,
1177
01:03:04,333 --> 01:03:06,917
but sure, in the end,
1178
01:03:07,042 --> 01:03:10,458
although I don't remember it,
I experienced it.
1179
01:03:10,667 --> 01:03:13,375
In fact, I'm still in the house
1180
01:03:13,583 --> 01:03:17,583
that my parents went to,
my grandparents' place.
1181
01:03:19,583 --> 01:03:21,625
I still suffer the consequences.
1182
01:03:31,292 --> 01:03:35,292
Now you can hand in your filmwhen you enter Continente,
1183
01:03:35,667 --> 01:03:39,125
do your shopping and pick upyour photos on the way out.
1184
01:03:39,292 --> 01:03:41,167
All in one trip.
1185
01:03:41,333 --> 01:03:44,833
Fotorapid. On the ground floorof Continente.
1186
01:03:44,999 --> 01:03:46,375
RAPID DEVELOPING IN 40 MINUTES
1187
01:03:47,708 --> 01:03:50,708
Something big is happeningin Europe today:
1188
01:03:50,875 --> 01:03:54,000
the largest European projecton beach recovery,
1189
01:03:59,417 --> 01:04:03,417
the largest European projecton sporting facilities.
1190
01:04:06,542 --> 01:04:08,708
OVER 75 NEW SPORTING FACILITIES
1191
01:04:14,542 --> 01:04:18,375
The largest European projecton town planning and services.
1192
01:04:29,125 --> 01:04:32,292
The largest European projecton communication routes.
1193
01:04:39,417 --> 01:04:42,917
The largest European projecton quality of life.
1194
01:04:43,042 --> 01:04:46,042
Here, in this country,it's becoming a reality.
1195
01:04:46,208 --> 01:04:49,333
The largest economic and socialEuropean project of the time
1196
01:04:49,542 --> 01:04:53,042
for the benefit of everyone:Barcelona '92.
1197
01:04:53,208 --> 01:04:56,667
The largest European project todayis for you.
1198
01:04:56,833 --> 01:05:00,292
-It's big, I'm telling you.
-Do you like squid too?
1199
01:05:01,375 --> 01:05:03,292
He does. Belén too.
1200
01:05:04,875 --> 01:05:05,875
Alright, fish.
1201
01:05:06,000 --> 01:05:07,250
TV NEWS
1202
01:05:07,417 --> 01:05:10,750
It's different to meat.
1203
01:05:10,917 --> 01:05:11,958
FEBRUARY 2, '92
1204
01:05:12,083 --> 01:05:15,708
Boris Yeltsin returns to Russiaafter reaching a compromise with Bush
1205
01:05:15,875 --> 01:05:18,000
to reduce the nuclear arsenals.
1206
01:05:18,167 --> 01:05:21,917
The Salvadoran army and the guerrillaswithdraw to agreed-on zones
1207
01:05:22,042 --> 01:05:23,750
in the plan signed at the UN.
1208
01:05:23,917 --> 01:05:26,167
The Catalan bishopsbegin a conference
1209
01:05:26,333 --> 01:05:29,167
to study the calling ofa Council in the region.
1210
01:05:29,333 --> 01:05:31,875
Spain was eliminated todayfrom the Davis Cup
1211
01:05:32,000 --> 01:05:36,208
when Emilio Sánchez-Vicariolost to Italian Omar Camporese.
1212
01:05:37,167 --> 01:05:38,208
News on TVE-1...
1213
01:05:38,375 --> 01:05:41,167
Is your head so heavy
you have to hold it up?
1214
01:05:41,333 --> 01:05:43,625
-Sure.
-Good God... Listen.
1215
01:05:43,792 --> 01:05:44,833
-Wait.
-Careful.
1216
01:05:44,999 --> 01:05:47,875
Cut it up.
1217
01:05:48,000 --> 01:05:51,833
Sure. You didn't tell me.
I cut the other one up.
1218
01:05:51,999 --> 01:05:55,125
-Do you want some lean meat?
-Cut off that piece.
1219
01:05:58,750 --> 01:05:59,917
-This piece?
-Yes.
1220
01:06:00,042 --> 01:06:04,000
Give that lean meat to Salva,
he'll like it.
1221
01:06:05,833 --> 01:06:08,417
See? This lean piece.
1222
01:06:08,625 --> 01:06:10,708
You like it, eh?
1223
01:06:10,875 --> 01:06:13,542
No? Like this? Or more?
1224
01:06:13,708 --> 01:06:16,583
Careful with the bone.
1225
01:06:16,750 --> 01:06:18,792
Look. Look.
1226
01:06:19,833 --> 01:06:23,167
Pass me Salva's plate,
I'll put this lean piece on it.
1227
01:06:23,333 --> 01:06:26,250
No, no.
1228
01:06:26,417 --> 01:06:28,875
-When he's finished this.
-Why?
1229
01:06:29,000 --> 01:06:32,042
If he sees too much, he'll worry.
1230
01:06:32,208 --> 01:06:34,333
-He doesn't have much.
-He's like Grandpa.
1231
01:06:34,542 --> 01:06:35,958
He's like me.
1232
01:06:37,750 --> 01:06:40,708
Aren't you like Grandpa?
Eh, Salva?
1233
01:06:40,875 --> 01:06:41,958
Sure.
1234
01:06:43,167 --> 01:06:45,250
-That's why he has the same name.
-Sure.
1235
01:06:45,417 --> 01:06:48,750
-Grandpa doesn't like paella much.
-He's eating it.
1236
01:06:48,917 --> 01:06:50,750
...at yesterday's meeting
1237
01:06:50,917 --> 01:06:52,999
supported by all the partiesand the leading unions
1238
01:06:53,125 --> 01:06:54,542
of the Basque Country and Navarra.
1239
01:06:54,708 --> 01:06:58,333
It's an act against those supportingthe right to the self-determination
1240
01:06:58,542 --> 01:06:59,792
of the Basque people.
1241
01:07:01,333 --> 01:07:02,708
Then you...?
1242
01:07:04,208 --> 01:07:05,999
Did you tell her your marks?
1243
01:07:06,125 --> 01:07:09,250
The EEC ratified in Maastrichtthe treaty on the future Europe.
1244
01:07:09,417 --> 01:07:11,208
-9.5.
-The Dutch city...
1245
01:07:11,375 --> 01:07:13,708
will be the scene ofthe signing of this treaty...
1246
01:07:13,875 --> 01:07:16,625
What's that? 9.5?
1247
01:07:18,375 --> 01:07:20,750
My school's going on
a trip to England,
1248
01:07:20,917 --> 01:07:22,917
but I don't want to go,
it's really far away.
1249
01:07:23,042 --> 01:07:25,042
You don't want to go?
You told me you did.
1250
01:07:25,208 --> 01:07:27,833
Well, I'll try. I don't know.
1251
01:07:27,999 --> 01:07:30,625
Encarni is going, Carmen is going,
your teacher's going.
1252
01:07:30,792 --> 01:07:33,292
-Where?
-To England.
1253
01:07:34,999 --> 01:07:38,583
England. The school's going.
1254
01:07:38,750 --> 01:07:41,292
-My godmother doesn't want me to go.
-When is it?
1255
01:07:41,458 --> 01:07:44,375
We don't know yet,
the meeting's on the 21st.
1256
01:07:44,583 --> 01:07:47,292
You could go,
some mothers can go.
1257
01:07:47,458 --> 01:07:50,292
Only teachers are going.
1258
01:07:50,458 --> 01:07:52,208
If Mum wants to go,
she pays separately.
1259
01:07:52,375 --> 01:07:55,542
...irreversible signature:entrance to the future EU...
1260
01:07:55,708 --> 01:07:57,542
How long?
1261
01:07:57,708 --> 01:08:00,417
-I don't know, at the meeting...
-And the 22nd is
1262
01:08:00,625 --> 01:08:03,000
to discuss the school graduation trip.
1263
01:08:03,167 --> 01:08:06,125
The 21st is the meeting for England.
And the 22nd...?
1264
01:08:06,292 --> 01:08:09,583
For the school study trip.
1265
01:08:09,750 --> 01:08:11,792
How was Geography on Friday
1266
01:08:11,958 --> 01:08:14,875
-on the map of Spain?
-The exam.
1267
01:08:15,000 --> 01:08:17,542
-Oh, true.
-And the map of Europe.
1268
01:08:18,625 --> 01:08:22,417
I only didn't know one thing
and on Monday they're letting us...
1269
01:08:22,625 --> 01:08:26,042
Almost nobody finished, so they're
giving us 15 minutes the next day.
1270
01:08:26,208 --> 01:08:28,917
-Was it on Spain or Europe?
-What you didn't know.
1271
01:08:31,667 --> 01:08:33,167
What didn't you know?
1272
01:08:33,333 --> 01:08:37,000
-Where the Balkans were.
-Well, that's...
1273
01:08:37,167 --> 01:08:40,542
-Right, but I didn't know it.
-We mentioned that,
1274
01:08:40,708 --> 01:08:44,000
-loads of times.
-But there were so many things.
1275
01:08:44,167 --> 01:08:48,167
-We had Language that day too.
-Grandpa knows almost all the capitals.
1276
01:08:48,999 --> 01:08:52,167
Sure. I don't, but Grandpa does.
1277
01:08:52,333 --> 01:08:54,583
We've been doing the capitals,
1278
01:08:54,750 --> 01:08:57,625
-the ranges, the mountains...
-The depressions.
1279
01:08:57,792 --> 01:08:59,458
The seas of Europe.
1280
01:08:59,667 --> 01:09:01,875
The depression of the Guadalquivir
and the Ebro.
1281
01:09:02,000 --> 01:09:04,833
...the presidents of the twohistoric rival powers...
1282
01:09:06,792 --> 01:09:09,000
-You're not eating salad?
-Yes, I will now.
1283
01:09:10,083 --> 01:09:13,958
-I'll take this off, it's fat.
-The exam was Social Studies.
1284
01:09:15,458 --> 01:09:19,042
-It was the same day as Language.
-Careful, don't get dirty.
1285
01:09:19,208 --> 01:09:22,458
-That's it, Language.
-No need to study for Maths.
1286
01:09:22,667 --> 01:09:24,667
-How was Language?
-Good.
1287
01:09:24,833 --> 01:09:26,292
-Leave it here.
-Okay.
1288
01:09:26,458 --> 01:09:31,708
-If the teacher wasn't so lazy...
-Do you want a little?
1289
01:09:31,875 --> 01:09:34,125
-No, this is plenty.
-...to end the remnants
1290
01:09:34,292 --> 01:09:37,250
of the Cold War and reducestrategic weapons,
1291
01:09:37,417 --> 01:09:40,375
as well as collaboratingto consolidate relations
1292
01:09:40,583 --> 01:09:42,542
founded on friendship and cooperation.
1293
01:09:43,875 --> 01:09:46,583
Meanwhile,the main Russians in opposition
1294
01:09:46,750 --> 01:09:49,458
criticized Yeltsin today atthe World Economic Forum in Davos.
1295
01:09:49,667 --> 01:09:51,792
You're eating everything, eh?
1296
01:09:54,458 --> 01:09:57,958
-I don't like rice? There you go.
-A whole plate.
1297
01:09:58,083 --> 01:10:00,208
-It turned out great today.
-Oh, yes?
1298
01:10:01,250 --> 01:10:03,458
-I was very inspired.
-Sure.
1299
01:10:03,667 --> 01:10:06,292
-When you do it fast, it's good.
-Sure.
1300
01:10:06,458 --> 01:10:07,458
Sure.
1301
01:10:07,667 --> 01:10:09,875
Do you want a drink?
A beer or something?
1302
01:10:10,000 --> 01:10:13,583
-Yes, a beer, Raúl.
-Do you want a Fanta Orange?
1303
01:10:14,625 --> 01:10:17,292
-Okay.
-A Fanta Orange, Raúl.
1304
01:10:17,458 --> 01:10:18,708
-Thank you.
-Please.
1305
01:10:20,667 --> 01:10:22,042
-For the boy no.
-No.
1306
01:10:22,208 --> 01:10:24,042
For Belén.
1307
01:10:24,208 --> 01:10:27,958
...due to instability ofthe old Soviet Union.
1308
01:10:28,750 --> 01:10:30,958
Germany' Finance Ministerannounced an urgent trip...
1309
01:10:33,458 --> 01:10:36,458
AND THE WORLD EATS YOU UP
1310
01:11:11,000 --> 01:11:13,333
-Was it the three of golds?
-Someone start bluffing.
1311
01:11:16,208 --> 01:11:18,958
Who has the three of golds?
1312
01:11:19,083 --> 01:11:20,750
That's typical.
1313
01:11:20,917 --> 01:11:22,917
-Do you have the three of golds?
-No.
1314
01:11:25,375 --> 01:11:27,625
-Who has the three of golds?
-I do.
1315
01:11:27,792 --> 01:11:28,750
-Ole!
-Thanks!
1316
01:11:28,917 --> 01:11:31,833
Fuck, I was about to tell you.
1317
01:11:32,292 --> 01:11:34,875
I'll start on water...
What a lie.
1318
01:11:35,999 --> 01:11:37,208
-Cheers.
-Ole!
1319
01:11:39,708 --> 01:11:42,792
I always say
"I'll wait a bit before drinking"
1320
01:11:42,958 --> 01:11:46,708
-and it's a lie.
-Don't make excuses. 'Fess up.
1321
01:11:46,999 --> 01:11:49,958
-So you start Monday, right?
-On Monday, yes.
1322
01:11:52,458 --> 01:11:54,167
You don't know for how long?
1323
01:11:57,625 --> 01:12:00,625
They're making submarines,
I hope to stay...
1324
01:12:00,792 --> 01:12:03,208
He said there was work
for 3 or 4 years.
1325
01:12:03,375 --> 01:12:06,000
-Whatever he says...
-Believe half of it.
1326
01:12:06,167 --> 01:12:07,167
Sure.
1327
01:12:08,208 --> 01:12:11,125
-You saw it, you came with me.
-Right.
1328
01:12:11,292 --> 01:12:13,667
He said there was work
for 3 or 4 years.
1329
01:12:14,708 --> 01:12:16,417
That's what I thought too.
1330
01:12:18,917 --> 01:12:20,958
There's no work for 3
or 4 years there?
1331
01:12:21,083 --> 01:12:23,792
I don't know, you tell me.
I'm not in that section.
1332
01:12:26,208 --> 01:12:28,667
-We hope so.
-Yes, I think so.
1333
01:12:28,833 --> 01:12:31,875
As well as the way he spoke,
he seems like a solid guy.
1334
01:12:32,000 --> 01:12:35,250
Yes, but they're all "hot air",
because then they say:
1335
01:12:35,417 --> 01:12:38,000
"Yes, I'll hire you, I will."
1336
01:12:38,999 --> 01:12:42,625
It'll be for 3 or 4 years
at least, I swear.
1337
01:12:42,792 --> 01:12:45,292
Drop everything,
1338
01:12:45,458 --> 01:12:49,000
-you've got 3 or 4 years' work."
-Do you think I'm like him?
1339
01:12:50,667 --> 01:12:52,792
Well, you're a bit dumber,
1340
01:12:54,000 --> 01:12:55,999
but maybe...
1341
01:12:56,125 --> 01:12:58,833
You think they'll trick me?
1342
01:12:58,999 --> 01:13:01,667
Fuck, I trick you.
1343
01:13:01,833 --> 01:13:03,625
-You do?
-Don't shit me.
1344
01:13:04,917 --> 01:13:07,708
He said to them:
"Mercenary! Son of a bitch!"
1345
01:13:07,875 --> 01:13:11,125
And I said: "Shut up..."
1346
01:13:11,292 --> 01:13:13,417
Reinaldo his name was.
1347
01:13:13,625 --> 01:13:15,917
I said: "Shut up,
they're coming this way."
1348
01:13:16,042 --> 01:13:18,125
We were there in that hut.
1349
01:13:18,292 --> 01:13:21,417
We saw them attacked...
1350
01:13:22,458 --> 01:13:24,625
three thousand of them...
1351
01:13:24,792 --> 01:13:27,833
From the bridge at Quitapellejos
1352
01:13:27,999 --> 01:13:30,750
to Puerta de la Cortadura,
it's called,
1353
01:13:30,917 --> 01:13:32,708
it was all full of people.
1354
01:13:34,875 --> 01:13:37,083
The cops beat up a friend of mine,
1355
01:13:37,250 --> 01:13:39,250
a union man.
1356
01:13:39,417 --> 01:13:41,958
Garay, he's from La Unión.
1357
01:13:42,999 --> 01:13:46,833
And I went quiet
1358
01:13:46,999 --> 01:13:50,708
because I couldn't say anything.
1359
01:13:50,875 --> 01:13:53,833
Well, I could, but I couldn't say
1360
01:13:53,999 --> 01:13:56,417
"son of a bitch", "fascist"
or "dickhead"
1361
01:13:56,625 --> 01:13:57,917
because I was...
1362
01:13:58,958 --> 01:14:02,208
Well, I liked Franco. Excuse me.
1363
01:14:02,375 --> 01:14:05,333
I liked Franco. Excuse me.
1364
01:14:05,542 --> 01:14:07,875
I liked Franco.
1365
01:14:08,000 --> 01:14:11,542
-No, anyone here can...
-No, but...
1366
01:14:11,708 --> 01:14:14,042
-don't get me wrong.
-Sure, sure.
1367
01:14:15,333 --> 01:14:19,792
With Franco I lived
much better than now.
1368
01:14:20,083 --> 01:14:22,583
Just look at Calle Mayor.
1369
01:14:22,750 --> 01:14:25,917
The streets further back
1370
01:14:26,042 --> 01:14:30,042
are completely neglected,
even just the cleaning.
1371
01:14:30,708 --> 01:14:34,000
The street sweeping machines
do Calle Mayor and little else
1372
01:14:34,167 --> 01:14:37,583
-and the streets in back, nothing.
-In my area it's once a week.
1373
01:14:37,750 --> 01:14:40,292
-Once? Well...
-Thursdays.
1374
01:14:40,458 --> 01:14:42,750
In mine not even once a week,
1375
01:14:42,917 --> 01:14:46,125
maybe once a fortnight
the machine goes by.
1376
01:14:46,292 --> 01:14:49,083
I have to go out and tell them
to go down my street.
1377
01:14:49,250 --> 01:14:51,750
Even if we do say it, they don't.
1378
01:14:51,917 --> 01:14:54,167
They don't do it.
1379
01:14:54,333 --> 01:14:57,999
-It looks clean, yeah, sure.
-And bins? They don't exist.
1380
01:14:58,125 --> 01:15:00,999
-Half of them are broken.
-There are a few on Calle Real
1381
01:15:01,125 --> 01:15:02,833
and loads on Calle Mayor.
1382
01:15:02,999 --> 01:15:05,292
Just the poles are left
in almost all cases.
1383
01:15:05,458 --> 01:15:07,708
And a bench disappears
and they don't replace it.
1384
01:15:07,875 --> 01:15:11,458
And the mirrors? It's not just
the Council, it's vandalism.
1385
01:15:12,542 --> 01:15:15,750
But the Council should replace them.
1386
01:15:15,917 --> 01:15:19,125
The concave mirrors
at the top of streets
1387
01:15:19,292 --> 01:15:21,833
to see around corners,
to see the cars coming.
1388
01:15:21,999 --> 01:15:24,333
In my street we come out like...
1389
01:15:24,542 --> 01:15:28,542
The mirror there was up
for only a fortnight.
1390
01:15:28,875 --> 01:15:30,958
20 days later they put it up again
1391
01:15:31,083 --> 01:15:33,125
and it lasted under a fortnight.
1392
01:15:33,292 --> 01:15:35,667
And they stopped.
Even the pole was taken.
1393
01:15:35,833 --> 01:15:39,625
-They don't put up any now.
-In my area they took a bench.
1394
01:15:39,792 --> 01:15:42,292
A bench? The ones that
are anchored to the ground?
1395
01:15:42,458 --> 01:15:45,042
Two Gypsies
carrying away the bench.
1396
01:15:45,208 --> 01:15:46,708
I don't know where they'd take it.
1397
01:15:46,875 --> 01:15:50,417
What's the reason behind
this situation?
1398
01:15:50,625 --> 01:15:52,833
-The Council you mean?
-Why this kind of vandalism?
1399
01:15:52,999 --> 01:15:54,999
We were already told
1400
01:15:55,125 --> 01:15:57,667
by a resident of La Unión
about this problem.
1401
01:15:57,833 --> 01:16:00,083
There's a lot of vandalism. A lot.
1402
01:16:00,250 --> 01:16:03,042
Firstly, there's no work.
1403
01:16:03,208 --> 01:16:05,875
Some may do it because
they feel like it.
1404
01:16:06,000 --> 01:16:09,375
Not being racist, but the Gypsies
do it because they feel like it.
1405
01:16:09,583 --> 01:16:12,417
But there's no work,
there's really no work.
1406
01:16:13,625 --> 01:16:16,125
They say it's the town...
1407
01:16:16,292 --> 01:16:18,625
...with the highest unemployment
in all of Murcia.
1408
01:16:18,792 --> 01:16:21,875
-Maybe, but...
-What work is there in La Unión?
1409
01:16:22,000 --> 01:16:25,625
Nothing. We all work
outside La Unión.
1410
01:16:25,792 --> 01:16:29,250
-There's no work.
-It's almost a "dormitory city"
1411
01:16:29,417 --> 01:16:33,958
because we work outside
and only come home to sleep.
1412
01:16:34,083 --> 01:16:37,917
People in hostelry can go to
La Manga to work in summer...
1413
01:16:38,042 --> 01:16:41,125
But in La Manga,
the luckiest ones
1414
01:16:41,292 --> 01:16:44,375
have six months work, no more.
1415
01:16:44,583 --> 01:16:48,208
Then everyone's on the dole.
If they give it to you.
1416
01:16:48,625 --> 01:16:50,875
What happens in the fields?
1417
01:16:51,000 --> 01:16:53,708
Before, people in hostelry especially
1418
01:16:53,875 --> 01:16:55,917
worked in winter in the fields.
1419
01:16:56,042 --> 01:16:59,917
But now you've got foreign labour
that's cheap,
1420
01:17:00,042 --> 01:17:02,333
then they say "Spaniards
don't want to work there."
1421
01:17:02,542 --> 01:17:03,958
I think they do,
1422
01:17:04,083 --> 01:17:07,999
but if a Spaniard costs
the owner 15
1423
01:17:08,125 --> 01:17:10,917
and the foreigner 10,
he naturally chooses the foreigner.
1424
01:17:11,042 --> 01:17:13,417
-The cheaper one, of course.
-They keep them in bunkhouses
1425
01:17:13,625 --> 01:17:17,375
living rough,
but it pays off for them.
1426
01:17:17,583 --> 01:17:21,333
Lots of Murcian crops,
and what do we Murcians eat?
1427
01:17:21,542 --> 01:17:23,208
It all goes abroad.
1428
01:17:23,375 --> 01:17:26,875
The famous tomatoes.
I still haven't eaten any.
1429
01:17:27,000 --> 01:17:30,333
They're not in the store,
they all go abroad.
1430
01:17:30,542 --> 01:17:32,167
-It's true.
-It's true.
1431
01:17:32,333 --> 01:17:35,417
If you eat the ones from here,
how much do they cost?
1432
01:17:35,625 --> 01:17:37,292
That's another thing.
1433
01:17:37,458 --> 01:17:39,792
You eat tomatoes from Morocco
1434
01:17:39,958 --> 01:17:41,667
at 1.20 euros,
1435
01:17:41,833 --> 01:17:45,333
and the good tomatoes here
are 3.40 a kilo.
1436
01:17:45,542 --> 01:17:47,167
You say: "No,
1437
01:17:47,333 --> 01:17:49,917
I'll put the cheaper one in the salad."
1438
01:17:50,042 --> 01:17:54,000
You have to export the others
if we don't use them here.
1439
01:17:54,167 --> 01:17:56,417
That's how it is.
1440
01:17:56,625 --> 01:17:59,375
We eat the ones from abroad
and ours are eaten abroad.
1441
01:17:59,583 --> 01:18:00,999
That's the way it is.
1442
01:18:01,125 --> 01:18:03,667
When I go from La Unión
to La Manga to work,...
1443
01:18:03,833 --> 01:18:08,375
My God, the fields of melons.
1444
01:18:08,583 --> 01:18:10,750
I say: "These freshly cut melons
1445
01:18:10,917 --> 01:18:13,999
to the greengrocer's here in town."
I don't see them.
1446
01:18:14,125 --> 01:18:16,792
-No.
-Nowhere.
1447
01:18:16,958 --> 01:18:20,083
My grandma was given a plaque
1448
01:18:20,250 --> 01:18:22,833
for the years my granddad
was in the mine.
1449
01:18:22,999 --> 01:18:25,792
My granddad wasn't a unionist,
he just joined
1450
01:18:25,958 --> 01:18:29,417
a strike where they locked
themselves in the shaft.
1451
01:18:29,625 --> 01:18:32,958
For 8 hours in a mineshaft
1452
01:18:33,083 --> 01:18:35,375
-he got 8 years in jail.
-Jeez.
1453
01:18:35,583 --> 01:18:38,958
Yes, 8 years in jail.
First here in the jail of San Antón,
1454
01:18:39,833 --> 01:18:40,875
here in Cartagena,
1455
01:18:41,000 --> 01:18:44,792
then they took him to a jail
in Palma de Mallorca.
1456
01:18:44,958 --> 01:18:48,958
He was condemned to death twice
1457
01:18:49,458 --> 01:18:52,083
and returned after 8 years
a complete wreck.
1458
01:18:52,250 --> 01:18:55,292
My mother... I was little,
I don't remember well, but...
1459
01:18:55,458 --> 01:18:58,875
but he was a wreck after
8 years in jails.
1460
01:18:59,000 --> 01:19:00,999
A shadow of his former self.
1461
01:19:01,333 --> 01:19:04,083
Look at what my granddad
went through,
1462
01:19:04,250 --> 01:19:07,250
and all the men of that period.
1463
01:19:07,417 --> 01:19:10,458
My mother, 82 years old,
I've heard her say...
1464
01:19:10,667 --> 01:19:13,750
"I can't believe you say that."
1465
01:19:13,917 --> 01:19:16,042
I've heard her say:
1466
01:19:16,208 --> 01:19:19,167
"We complained so much before...
Is it better now?"
1467
01:19:20,458 --> 01:19:24,458
I say: "Mum, your father in jail
for 8 years with two death penalties,
1468
01:19:24,792 --> 01:19:26,792
you were so hungry,
1469
01:19:26,958 --> 01:19:28,875
you'd eat anything..."
1470
01:19:29,000 --> 01:19:31,625
My mother and aunt
got fevers because
1471
01:19:31,792 --> 01:19:35,292
they sucked on a goat's teat
1472
01:19:35,458 --> 01:19:37,583
because there was no milk.
1473
01:19:37,750 --> 01:19:41,375
-They got Malta fever.
-My sister got Malta fever.
1474
01:19:41,583 --> 01:19:45,750
She and her sister almost died.
And I still hear her say,
1475
01:19:45,917 --> 01:19:48,125
which I can hardly believe,
1476
01:19:48,292 --> 01:19:52,042
"We complained so much then,
but listen to me,
1477
01:19:52,208 --> 01:19:54,750
is it really better now
with all these crooks?"
1478
01:19:54,917 --> 01:19:58,208
She still exalts
1479
01:19:58,375 --> 01:20:01,042
that period they went through.
1480
01:20:02,333 --> 01:20:04,542
I'm astounded.
1481
01:20:04,708 --> 01:20:07,375
Yes, it's the same
with the Franco period.
1482
01:20:07,583 --> 01:20:11,042
People yearn for it and you say:
"How can you yearn for Francoism?"
1483
01:20:11,208 --> 01:20:15,625
-It's crazy.
-My mother's one of them.
1484
01:20:15,792 --> 01:20:17,417
"They arrested your father,
1485
01:20:17,625 --> 01:20:20,750
your mother took in washing
to get you some food."
1486
01:20:20,917 --> 01:20:23,250
That's all they could do.
1487
01:20:23,417 --> 01:20:25,583
My grandma said:
"They humiliated me
1488
01:20:25,750 --> 01:20:28,375
when I went to wash the clothes
of the ladies in town."
1489
01:20:28,583 --> 01:20:32,208
"And you're in favour of all that?
It's incredible."
1490
01:20:32,375 --> 01:20:35,750
"We lived more at ease.
You could leave your door open,
1491
01:20:35,917 --> 01:20:38,458
now you have to put on the latch,
1492
01:20:38,667 --> 01:20:42,125
a padlock, a metal shutter...
1493
01:20:42,292 --> 01:20:44,833
-In those days..."
-The doors always open.
1494
01:20:44,999 --> 01:20:46,999
"Houses were always open."
1495
01:20:47,125 --> 01:20:51,125
I say: "Sure, because thieves were..."
1496
01:20:51,292 --> 01:20:53,292
"Off to jail."
1497
01:20:53,458 --> 01:20:56,208
I say: "Now it's a revolving door,
1498
01:20:56,375 --> 01:20:58,999
-they're not so scared of jail."
-That's true too.
1499
01:20:59,125 --> 01:21:01,417
-That's the way it is.
-It is.
1500
01:21:01,625 --> 01:21:04,667
They go in one door...
And if they're minors...!
1501
01:21:05,250 --> 01:21:08,000
-They're out with an allowance.
-Exactly.
1502
01:21:08,167 --> 01:21:09,667
Yes, I know two
1503
01:21:09,833 --> 01:21:13,333
who spent two years in jail,
1504
01:21:13,542 --> 01:21:15,333
-and now they're out...
-On the dole.
1505
01:21:15,542 --> 01:21:17,375
...with 600, almost 700 euros,
1506
01:21:17,583 --> 01:21:19,583
every month for two years.
1507
01:21:19,750 --> 01:21:21,583
-I was amazed.
-It's true.
1508
01:21:21,750 --> 01:21:23,250
That how it is for us.
1509
01:21:26,958 --> 01:21:29,708
Military service?
That'd do you good...
1510
01:21:29,875 --> 01:21:32,875
I think at 18
you leave your parents,
1511
01:21:33,000 --> 01:21:35,958
you leave home
and wake up to yourself.
1512
01:21:36,083 --> 01:21:39,333
Your mentality changes.
If you're a lout, 16 or 17,
1513
01:21:39,542 --> 01:21:42,708
and at 18 they tell you
"Listen, get going",
1514
01:21:42,875 --> 01:21:46,292
and you'll be with people who
give you hell if you misbehave.
1515
01:21:46,458 --> 01:21:49,042
It kind of changes everything.
1516
01:21:49,208 --> 01:21:52,458
They had it in France too.
For two months, not like before.
1517
01:21:52,667 --> 01:21:57,167
We don't do it in Spain because
I guess there's no budget for it.
1518
01:21:57,333 --> 01:21:59,792
I guess, or they just
don't want to do it.
1519
01:21:59,958 --> 01:22:03,958
-I wouldn't do it.
-Yes, I think...
1520
01:22:04,083 --> 01:22:06,958
I spoke to my father,
to my uncles.
1521
01:22:07,083 --> 01:22:10,750
It was rough, but they say
it's the best thing they've done.
1522
01:22:10,917 --> 01:22:13,167
And they made real friends there.
1523
01:22:13,333 --> 01:22:16,999
It's like... it changes your mentality,
1524
01:22:17,125 --> 01:22:19,708
you're not a spoilt brat
when you're 20.
1525
01:22:19,875 --> 01:22:22,667
At 20 you've left home and say:
1526
01:22:22,833 --> 01:22:25,042
-"I went away and made a living."
-So?
1527
01:22:25,208 --> 01:22:27,542
I don't have my parents telling me
1528
01:22:27,708 --> 01:22:30,583
what to do and what I need.
1529
01:22:31,667 --> 01:22:33,000
I think that...
1530
01:22:33,167 --> 01:22:35,958
Yes, I'm totally in favour
of it coming back.
1531
01:22:36,999 --> 01:22:38,708
Yes.
1532
01:22:38,875 --> 01:22:40,875
And I hope they get me
if it does come back.
1533
01:22:41,000 --> 01:22:43,667
-I like the army.
-You'd do military service?
1534
01:22:43,833 --> 01:22:47,542
-Yes, I like the army.
-You wouldn't last two days.
1535
01:22:47,708 --> 01:22:50,833
No way. No, Miguel.
1536
01:22:50,999 --> 01:22:51,999
Not even two days.
1537
01:22:52,125 --> 01:22:56,125
No, I think that once you're in,
your mentality changes.
1538
01:22:56,458 --> 01:22:58,875
A bit, but not you.
They'd throw you out.
1539
01:23:00,417 --> 01:23:03,125
Me too, they'd throw me out
on the first day.
1540
01:23:03,292 --> 01:23:06,708
-Thanks, Raúl.
-I can't even peel potatoes.
1541
01:23:07,833 --> 01:23:10,833
You know there was a movement
in Spain, especially in the 90s,
1542
01:23:12,083 --> 01:23:15,958
of people who opposed
military service?
1543
01:23:17,917 --> 01:23:20,292
I have one leg longer
than the other, I can't go in.
1544
01:23:20,458 --> 01:23:22,999
They ended up in jail
for refusing to do military service.
1545
01:23:23,125 --> 01:23:26,250
They said that the army,
1546
01:23:26,417 --> 01:23:30,125
the discipline, the authority,
went against their ideals
1547
01:23:30,292 --> 01:23:33,999
and were jailed for up to 18 months,
as long a military service.
1548
01:23:34,125 --> 01:23:36,417
-You're going against me.
-How about that?
1549
01:23:37,458 --> 01:23:40,000
Instead of going to jail
for 18 months,
1550
01:23:40,167 --> 01:23:41,583
I'd leave Spain.
1551
01:23:41,750 --> 01:23:43,750
-To avoid military service?
-To avoid military service.
1552
01:23:43,917 --> 01:23:46,667
It's a mentality you have to have
since you were a kid.
1553
01:23:46,833 --> 01:23:49,708
You have to go. It's just a duty.
1554
01:23:49,875 --> 01:23:53,167
You come of age and at 18,
1555
01:23:53,333 --> 01:23:57,083
you have to leave your parents,
they're not obliged to look after you.
1556
01:23:57,250 --> 01:23:59,792
If your parents don't want you
at home, you just go.
1557
01:23:59,958 --> 01:24:02,083
If you have to, you do it.
1558
01:24:02,250 --> 01:24:05,042
I think it's an obligation.
And people who stay at home...
1559
01:24:05,208 --> 01:24:07,583
You wouldn't last two days
away from home.
1560
01:24:07,750 --> 01:24:10,208
It's not that,
you're forced to do it
1561
01:24:10,375 --> 01:24:13,417
or you go to jail.
And if you blow it, off to jail.
1562
01:24:13,625 --> 01:24:16,625
Would you rather be in jail?
That's what I think.
1563
01:24:16,792 --> 01:24:19,667
I think your mentality
would change completely,
1564
01:24:19,833 --> 01:24:21,625
there wouldn't be so many louts.
1565
01:24:21,792 --> 01:24:25,208
There wouldn't be so many fools
that never had any hard knocks.
1566
01:24:25,375 --> 01:24:27,958
I'm telling you, Miguel.
That's what I think.
1567
01:24:28,083 --> 01:24:30,750
What if there's a real war?
1568
01:24:30,917 --> 01:24:32,583
-Sure.
-I go because I want to.
1569
01:24:33,667 --> 01:24:35,708
You go because they tell you to.
1570
01:24:35,875 --> 01:24:37,125
You wouldn't go.
1571
01:24:39,125 --> 01:24:41,542
I don't know.
1572
01:24:43,250 --> 01:24:46,958
I consider myself a patriot
in the sense that I love Spain.
1573
01:24:48,125 --> 01:24:51,083
I'm not in favour of
the King, in general,
1574
01:24:51,250 --> 01:24:53,583
but I know we have a good king.
1575
01:24:53,750 --> 01:24:55,375
Not like his father, got me?
1576
01:24:59,083 --> 01:25:00,875
And they won't let me in.
1577
01:25:02,042 --> 01:25:05,083
Because I don't have the "Capacitació",
the qualification they ask for.
1578
01:25:06,167 --> 01:25:08,792
It's absurd,
as if in the United States
1579
01:25:08,958 --> 01:25:10,583
they didn't let you work...
1580
01:25:10,750 --> 01:25:12,417
You're from Oregon
1581
01:25:12,625 --> 01:25:15,292
and you want to work in California
1582
01:25:15,458 --> 01:25:17,999
and you can't because
you don't speak "Californian."
1583
01:25:18,125 --> 01:25:21,875
It's not absurd, it's wonderful
what we have in this country:
1584
01:25:22,000 --> 01:25:24,458
-the multicultural aspect.
-Hold on, I'll defend
1585
01:25:24,667 --> 01:25:27,417
to my last breath
1586
01:25:27,625 --> 01:25:31,375
the survival and conservation
of the languages.
1587
01:25:31,583 --> 01:25:33,583
I've no doubt about that.
1588
01:25:33,750 --> 01:25:36,250
-Language, folklore, music...
-I love it,
1589
01:25:36,417 --> 01:25:38,542
but let it not be a barrier
for Spaniards.
1590
01:25:38,708 --> 01:25:42,583
If I want to go to Alicante,
90 Km north of here, I can't work.
1591
01:25:42,750 --> 01:25:46,583
If I go to a bilingual school,
I'll be speaking English all day.
1592
01:25:46,750 --> 01:25:49,625
-But I can't.
-Yes.
1593
01:25:49,792 --> 01:25:53,583
On one hand, obviously,
1594
01:25:53,750 --> 01:25:57,583
I defend the languages
of the country to the hilt,
1595
01:25:57,750 --> 01:26:00,625
but don't make it a barrier
for people's mobility.
1596
01:26:00,792 --> 01:26:03,250
There are families separated...
1597
01:26:03,417 --> 01:26:05,625
I know two co-workers
1598
01:26:05,792 --> 01:26:08,250
whose partners are in
different autonomous communities
1599
01:26:08,417 --> 01:26:12,417
because they don't speak
Catalan or Valencian.
1600
01:26:12,625 --> 01:26:15,125
They don't ask you for
the "Mitjà", the intermediate,
1601
01:26:15,292 --> 01:26:17,833
they want the "Capacitació",
which is C1.
1602
01:26:17,999 --> 01:26:21,667
-And in Mallorca, Majorcan.
-Catalan.
1603
01:26:21,833 --> 01:26:24,917
-No, in Mallorca it's not Catalan.
-I know they speak Majorcan,
1604
01:26:25,042 --> 01:26:27,958
but to get in, I've tried it,
they ask you for Catalan.
1605
01:26:29,458 --> 01:26:33,458
I'm in favour of it because
I wouldn't go to the Basque Country
1606
01:26:33,667 --> 01:26:37,667
and weaken their education system
with my Murcian blather.
1607
01:26:37,917 --> 01:26:41,417
Are you saying your teaching
would be inferior to the Basques?
1608
01:26:41,625 --> 01:26:43,708
Yes. In a big way...
1609
01:26:43,875 --> 01:26:45,958
Folklore, music, dance,
1610
01:26:46,083 --> 01:26:48,417
-instruments...
-Are you a professional?
1611
01:26:48,625 --> 01:26:50,875
I'm a professional, but...
1612
01:26:51,000 --> 01:26:54,875
I wouldn't be able to provide a solid
cultural base, which is the language.
1613
01:26:55,000 --> 01:26:57,458
No, the culture isn't their language.
1614
01:26:57,667 --> 01:27:00,958
But language determines culture
to a great degree.
1615
01:27:01,083 --> 01:27:03,625
Some words don't exist in Spanish.
1616
01:27:03,792 --> 01:27:06,750
Yes. But if you want to go
to Castellón to teach,
1617
01:27:06,917 --> 01:27:09,833
you can't, being an English teacher.
1618
01:27:09,999 --> 01:27:12,333
-To Gandía...
-You're an English teacher
1619
01:27:12,542 --> 01:27:15,000
and you can't teach in Castellón.
1620
01:27:15,167 --> 01:27:19,167
But people from Castellón,
Valencia, Alicante, Girona...
1621
01:27:19,333 --> 01:27:21,875
-can go anywhere.
-You said it well, Pilar.
1622
01:27:22,000 --> 01:27:22,875
-"Girona"?
-Yes.
1623
01:27:23,000 --> 01:27:25,792
-Okay, thanks.
-You clearly respect the culture.
1624
01:27:25,958 --> 01:27:28,875
I love languages,
it's what I respect most.
1625
01:27:29,000 --> 01:27:30,792
I devote myself to this.
1626
01:27:30,958 --> 01:27:34,375
I'm studying German now,
I love it.
1627
01:27:37,917 --> 01:27:41,458
I think that people who
feel themselves to be middle class
1628
01:27:41,667 --> 01:27:45,583
may think that the cuts
don't affect them,
1629
01:27:45,750 --> 01:27:49,750
when in fact they do.
In the end, they contribute
1630
01:27:49,917 --> 01:27:53,125
to the right to public health,
public education,
1631
01:27:53,292 --> 01:27:54,917
for their children, etc.
1632
01:27:55,042 --> 01:27:57,292
They think it doesn't
affect them the same,
1633
01:27:57,458 --> 01:28:00,083
but when we touch on
the subject of the nation,
1634
01:28:00,250 --> 01:28:03,167
the nation in Spain is
something deep inside us.
1635
01:28:03,333 --> 01:28:06,625
So you can't say to Catalans:
1636
01:28:06,792 --> 01:28:09,292
"You have the right to decide...
1637
01:28:09,458 --> 01:28:12,000
on your own
1638
01:28:12,167 --> 01:28:15,292
about your nation,
your small population."
1639
01:28:15,458 --> 01:28:18,167
-"Self-determination."
-Exactly.
1640
01:28:18,333 --> 01:28:21,999
But in contrast, we Spaniards
living outside that area say:
1641
01:28:22,125 --> 01:28:25,250
"They're altering our Spain",
1642
01:28:25,417 --> 01:28:27,792
because Spain is a part of us.
1643
01:28:27,958 --> 01:28:29,792
But as for the cuts...
1644
01:28:29,958 --> 01:28:32,958
As for the cuts,
I'm middle class, you know?
1645
01:28:33,083 --> 01:28:36,792
I'm middle class,
it doesn't harm me.
1646
01:28:36,958 --> 01:28:40,042
How many working class people
have instability?
1647
01:28:40,208 --> 01:28:44,083
Many people are affected by this
and still vote for the PP.
1648
01:28:44,250 --> 01:28:46,792
-They're not aware.
-Working class people
1649
01:28:46,958 --> 01:28:49,208
who have these economic problems
1650
01:28:49,375 --> 01:28:52,542
have other worries on their minds,
as Naroa said,
1651
01:28:52,708 --> 01:28:56,208
which is maybe exactly that,
feeding their family.
1652
01:28:56,375 --> 01:29:01,042
But on the Catalonia issue they get mad.
And the Basque issue.
1653
01:29:01,208 --> 01:29:04,000
But that's when
the media circus comes in,
1654
01:29:04,167 --> 01:29:06,792
you've got the media,
1655
01:29:06,958 --> 01:29:08,999
each channel telling a version,
1656
01:29:09,125 --> 01:29:11,458
fake news to the max, fuck it.
1657
01:29:12,667 --> 01:29:15,208
-And the TV news...
-And companies
1658
01:29:15,375 --> 01:29:19,375
devoted precisely, right now,
1659
01:29:20,542 --> 01:29:22,417
to creating fake news,
1660
01:29:22,625 --> 01:29:25,750
with algorithms and bullshit
like on Facebook,
1661
01:29:25,917 --> 01:29:28,750
finding news related to your tastes
1662
01:29:28,917 --> 01:29:31,917
and cramming you full of propaganda.
1663
01:29:32,042 --> 01:29:35,083
Check out how lots of
working class people think...
1664
01:29:35,250 --> 01:29:39,042
They're humble, they consider
the businessman's side.
1665
01:29:39,208 --> 01:29:41,917
They say: "Who gives me work?
The businessman.
1666
01:29:42,042 --> 01:29:45,125
So I'm going to back
what the businessman wants
1667
01:29:45,292 --> 01:29:47,833
because the businessman
gives me work.
1668
01:29:47,999 --> 01:29:51,792
I can't go against him
because he's feeding me".
1669
01:29:51,958 --> 01:29:54,792
Lots think that way.
1670
01:29:54,958 --> 01:29:57,042
The person working
1671
01:29:57,208 --> 01:30:00,167
for a baker or someone
with a bar,
1672
01:30:00,333 --> 01:30:02,667
they depend on their boss,
that's who pays them.
1673
01:30:02,833 --> 01:30:06,833
You don't have the luxury of
going against someone who pays you.
1674
01:30:07,208 --> 01:30:09,999
Necessity comes first.
1675
01:30:10,125 --> 01:30:12,750
I've noticed in recent years
1676
01:30:12,917 --> 01:30:16,875
an incredible rise in tourism
in Cartagena,
1677
01:30:17,000 --> 01:30:19,333
I don't recognize it anymore,
1678
01:30:19,542 --> 01:30:23,000
as the city we know, I don't.
1679
01:30:23,167 --> 01:30:26,875
Maybe we've lost identity.
1680
01:30:28,792 --> 01:30:31,667
It's all very fake to me.
1681
01:30:31,833 --> 01:30:33,167
Very fake, man.
1682
01:30:34,417 --> 01:30:37,750
I've kind of gone blank.
1683
01:30:41,250 --> 01:30:46,708
But anyway, what I see
is young people who finished school
1684
01:30:48,375 --> 01:30:51,208
and: "Now what?
1685
01:30:51,375 --> 01:30:53,958
They look lost to me.
1686
01:30:54,083 --> 01:30:57,083
And all they see are ads:
1687
01:30:57,250 --> 01:31:00,999
"Waiters wanted", whatever.
1688
01:31:01,125 --> 01:31:03,917
-You get a 3-month contract,...
-Precarious.
1689
01:31:05,708 --> 01:31:08,542
-Maybe even...
-...you get no training.
1690
01:31:08,708 --> 01:31:11,917
...contracts by hours.
-And the rest...
1691
01:31:12,042 --> 01:31:15,208
-3-month contract or by events.
-...paid under the table.
1692
01:31:15,375 --> 01:31:17,667
Then you get fired.
1693
01:31:17,833 --> 01:31:20,375
They fire you if they don't like you
1694
01:31:20,583 --> 01:31:23,417
or you don't do the job
the way they like,
1695
01:31:23,625 --> 01:31:25,667
which is fast and well.
1696
01:31:25,833 --> 01:31:28,458
-Or fast or well.
-One of the two, exactly.
1697
01:31:28,667 --> 01:31:31,167
Both of those things,
1698
01:31:31,333 --> 01:31:34,667
it's not impossible,
but it's not easy.
1699
01:31:34,833 --> 01:31:38,292
-There's huge pressure.
-In any business,
1700
01:31:38,458 --> 01:31:40,417
it's three things:
good, pretty and cheap.
1701
01:31:43,999 --> 01:31:45,583
Yes. But anyway,
1702
01:31:45,750 --> 01:31:48,042
it seems like there's no way out,
1703
01:31:48,208 --> 01:31:51,750
we're pigeonholed here
1704
01:31:51,917 --> 01:31:54,333
into certain roles,
1705
01:31:54,542 --> 01:31:58,000
certain jobs, certain sectors,
and it's all evolving.
1706
01:31:58,167 --> 01:32:00,999
-While we're here thinking...
-Of course.
1707
01:32:02,000 --> 01:32:04,708
Everything is evolving.
1708
01:32:04,875 --> 01:32:07,333
I wouldn't leave Cartagena or Spain
1709
01:32:07,542 --> 01:32:10,042
because the situation's terrible,
1710
01:32:10,208 --> 01:32:12,958
I'd try to fight to change things.
1711
01:32:13,083 --> 01:32:15,999
-To improve the situation.
-I'd try.
1712
01:32:16,125 --> 01:32:16,958
Exactly.
1713
01:32:17,083 --> 01:32:19,458
I've got no patriotic feeling,
1714
01:32:19,667 --> 01:32:22,583
I've never felt like that.
1715
01:32:22,750 --> 01:32:24,750
I think it's dumb.
1716
01:32:24,917 --> 01:32:28,000
-My country is the people I know.
-A flag doesn't represent me.
1717
01:32:28,167 --> 01:32:30,583
The concept...
1718
01:32:30,750 --> 01:32:32,375
of a nation emerges
1719
01:32:32,583 --> 01:32:36,417
after absolutism.
1720
01:32:37,875 --> 01:32:40,958
Religion isn't as bound
to the State now,
1721
01:32:41,083 --> 01:32:43,625
here in the West.
1722
01:32:44,542 --> 01:32:46,208
-It isn't?
-No.
1723
01:32:46,375 --> 01:32:48,875
Here in Spain it is.
1724
01:32:52,333 --> 01:32:55,083
Is Spain sorting out my life?
1725
01:32:55,250 --> 01:32:58,167
These two hands are doing it.
1726
01:32:58,333 --> 01:33:02,000
You want to live in Ethiopia
with those two hands?
1727
01:33:02,167 --> 01:33:05,167
-Maybe I'd be happier.
-Maybe not.
1728
01:33:05,333 --> 01:33:09,333
-Maybe yes. What do you know?
-With your face, you'd be dead.
1729
01:33:09,542 --> 01:33:10,875
Take that.
1730
01:33:11,917 --> 01:33:14,042
Let's see if you get it...
1731
01:33:14,208 --> 01:33:16,542
What's going on now?
1732
01:33:16,708 --> 01:33:20,708
Stupid toff blowing his nose
on the flag and everyone's....
1733
01:33:21,167 --> 01:33:23,792
-They're stealing from us...
-Not anymore.
1734
01:33:23,958 --> 01:33:27,958
...and it's fine:
"With the PP there's work."
1735
01:33:28,333 --> 01:33:30,042
With Felipe González.
1736
01:33:30,208 --> 01:33:33,208
They're taking away
all the rights we've gained,
1737
01:33:33,375 --> 01:33:36,208
what all our comrades fought for
and now...
1738
01:33:36,375 --> 01:33:38,167
it's nothing but shit, damn it.
1739
01:33:38,333 --> 01:33:41,917
Shit, shit, shit.
And it gets worse and worse.
1740
01:33:42,042 --> 01:33:45,042
Now we pay to get work?
1741
01:33:45,208 --> 01:33:47,208
-What's that shit?
-We should do something,
1742
01:33:47,375 --> 01:33:49,917
-and we just complain.
-I agree.
1743
01:33:50,042 --> 01:33:53,542
You say "Let's go on strike"
1744
01:33:53,708 --> 01:33:56,750
and they say to you:
"No, I lose 100 bucks."
1745
01:33:56,917 --> 01:33:59,167
"You lose 200 every month
1746
01:33:59,333 --> 01:34:01,917
because you didn't strike,
you've put no pressure on,
1747
01:34:02,042 --> 01:34:04,458
so fuck you and your bullshit."
1748
01:34:04,667 --> 01:34:08,125
-They should be neutered.
-Why doesn't it explode?
1749
01:34:08,292 --> 01:34:11,667
What does it do you?
1750
01:34:11,833 --> 01:34:15,417
-What good? Your rights!
-I mean the money we get.
1751
01:34:15,625 --> 01:34:18,125
Now they give you shit,
I used to earn more.
1752
01:34:20,000 --> 01:34:22,625
-And life's more expensive.
-You're an idiot.
1753
01:34:22,875 --> 01:34:25,042
Really, the ones who have
1754
01:34:25,208 --> 01:34:28,458
all the responsibility in the company
are the workers, not the boss.
1755
01:34:28,667 --> 01:34:31,167
No, the boss has to be
on top of things
1756
01:34:31,333 --> 01:34:34,333
and worry and tell the worker:
1757
01:34:34,542 --> 01:34:37,708
"Do it right or hit the road."
1758
01:34:37,875 --> 01:34:40,917
But you have this level
1759
01:34:41,042 --> 01:34:43,708
of professionalism, and say:
"Fuck me,
1760
01:34:43,875 --> 01:34:47,875
I'll call these guys,
they do a great fucking job."
1761
01:34:48,000 --> 01:34:50,083
If not: "I'll find some other guys."
1762
01:34:50,250 --> 01:34:53,292
What if at the end of the month
the boss doesn't get paid?
1763
01:34:53,458 --> 01:34:55,958
-Exactly.
-That's not your problem.
1764
01:34:56,083 --> 01:34:59,999
-Whose problem is it?
-The boss' problem.
1765
01:35:00,125 --> 01:35:02,125
The boss has the least worries.
1766
01:35:02,292 --> 01:35:04,875
-The boss?
-Yes, because the boss...
1767
01:35:05,000 --> 01:35:08,750
I've been working...
I started a construction firm
1768
01:35:08,917 --> 01:35:12,750
and the one who really worries
is the boss,
1769
01:35:12,917 --> 01:35:15,792
in the sense that the worker
just expects a salary,
1770
01:35:15,958 --> 01:35:18,083
and if he doesn't get it,
he hassles him.
1771
01:35:18,250 --> 01:35:21,458
The one who has to talk
to everyone is the boss, got me?
1772
01:35:21,667 --> 01:35:24,833
The boss makes sure that the work
comes out right, not the worker.
1773
01:35:24,999 --> 01:35:29,750
If worker works badly,
it's the boss' fault for hiring him.
1774
01:35:31,125 --> 01:35:34,000
But who gets fired first,
the boss or you?
1775
01:35:34,167 --> 01:35:35,625
You first, then the boss.
1776
01:35:35,792 --> 01:35:38,833
-But the boss is in debt.
-The boss finds someone else!
1777
01:35:42,375 --> 01:35:45,000
Here in Cartagena
1778
01:35:45,167 --> 01:35:47,542
we virtually live off
the service sector.
1779
01:35:47,708 --> 01:35:51,625
But there's been repercussions
in everything else.
1780
01:35:51,792 --> 01:35:54,750
My sister studied Teaching
1781
01:35:54,917 --> 01:35:57,292
and got caught by the crisis.
1782
01:35:57,458 --> 01:35:59,292
The poor girl had high marks
1783
01:35:59,458 --> 01:36:02,208
and couldn't find a job
in what she'd studied,
1784
01:36:02,375 --> 01:36:05,458
like basically everyone.
1785
01:36:05,667 --> 01:36:09,417
Everyone, depending on the year
you finished your degree,
1786
01:36:09,625 --> 01:36:13,375
you were lucky to end up
doing what you'd studied
1787
01:36:13,583 --> 01:36:16,292
or, sadly, because the crisis
caught you, no.
1788
01:36:16,458 --> 01:36:19,458
Never mind what you've studied,
1789
01:36:19,667 --> 01:36:22,250
just because you were hit by a crisis.
1790
01:36:23,292 --> 01:36:27,125
These people made no inroads
in anything: nurse, teacher,
1791
01:36:27,292 --> 01:36:29,542
whatever, it just hit them.
1792
01:36:29,708 --> 01:36:33,708
We're a part of the population
1793
01:36:33,875 --> 01:36:37,625
that couldn't find work
in what they studied.
1794
01:36:37,792 --> 01:36:41,167
-That's the effect.
-We have bags of culture.
1795
01:36:41,333 --> 01:36:43,333
It's not that we have bags of culture,
1796
01:36:43,542 --> 01:36:46,708
we emigrate to other countries
1797
01:36:46,875 --> 01:36:49,958
to be able to work.
1798
01:36:50,083 --> 01:36:54,000
And you're working in
the same conditions.
1799
01:36:54,167 --> 01:36:58,083
-That's true.
-And you come back worse.
1800
01:36:58,250 --> 01:37:00,292
More screwed up and burnt out.
1801
01:37:00,458 --> 01:37:04,458
Public education, good or bad,
1802
01:37:04,667 --> 01:37:06,667
-isn't a fallacy, it's evidence.
-Yes, but...
1803
01:37:06,833 --> 01:37:10,583
there's public education
until the end of high school.
1804
01:37:10,750 --> 01:37:13,083
In "public" university,
as you said,
1805
01:37:13,250 --> 01:37:16,708
you have to pay for everything.
Here in the Murcia region
1806
01:37:16,875 --> 01:37:19,667
I have a doctor friend
who's really pissed off
1807
01:37:19,833 --> 01:37:22,625
because the people who studied
Nursing at UCAM,
1808
01:37:22,792 --> 01:37:24,458
that is, a private university,
1809
01:37:24,667 --> 01:37:27,125
have places to be interns
in public hospitals.
1810
01:37:27,292 --> 01:37:29,667
So it's easier...
1811
01:37:29,833 --> 01:37:32,250
-Because they pay more.
-Are you surprised?
1812
01:37:32,417 --> 01:37:33,999
Are we scared?
1813
01:37:34,125 --> 01:37:36,542
-I'm not surprised, it fucks me off.
-It's obvious.
1814
01:37:36,708 --> 01:37:38,792
They've paid for it.
1815
01:37:38,958 --> 01:37:42,625
-Yes, but it's a public hospital.
-It doesn't matter what it is.
1816
01:37:42,792 --> 01:37:44,792
If you pay, you have
more rights than others,
1817
01:37:44,958 --> 01:37:48,958
simply because you're paying
for a service or whatever.
1818
01:37:49,083 --> 01:37:49,958
It's surreal.
1819
01:37:50,083 --> 01:37:53,083
It gives you more right
than those who don't pay.
1820
01:37:53,250 --> 01:37:55,333
That's how opportunity works.
1821
01:37:59,000 --> 01:38:01,625
The thing is, before there
were more mobilizations.
1822
01:38:01,792 --> 01:38:02,999
Yes, that's right.
1823
01:38:03,125 --> 01:38:06,292
People concerned themselves
more about others.
1824
01:38:06,458 --> 01:38:08,833
Today you hear it and say:
1825
01:38:08,999 --> 01:38:11,833
"Yes, he's unemployed
and has nothing to live on."
1826
01:38:11,999 --> 01:38:15,625
You give to an NGO
and you've covered your back.
1827
01:38:15,792 --> 01:38:19,167
I remember the demonstrations
of the 80s and 90s.
1828
01:38:19,333 --> 01:38:21,208
When are there demonstrations now?
1829
01:38:21,375 --> 01:38:23,750
There are, but very few.
Really, fewer
1830
01:38:23,917 --> 01:38:26,333
The unions are just for show,
1831
01:38:26,542 --> 01:38:28,000
they don't do anything.
1832
01:38:28,167 --> 01:38:32,000
Before, any problem you had,
the union made it theirs.
1833
01:38:32,167 --> 01:38:35,583
-They made it their problem.
-Well, it depends.
1834
01:38:35,750 --> 01:38:38,750
My husband paid his dues
for 28 years
1835
01:38:38,917 --> 01:38:41,792
to the labour unions
1836
01:38:41,958 --> 01:38:44,125
and we only needed it once,
1837
01:38:44,292 --> 01:38:47,375
just once did we need the union.
Once.
1838
01:38:47,583 --> 01:38:50,917
And they solved nothing for us.
I said: "Oh, really?"
1839
01:38:51,042 --> 01:38:53,542
I went to the bank
to stop payment to them.
1840
01:38:53,708 --> 01:38:56,458
Four or five months later
they phoned us:
1841
01:38:56,667 --> 01:39:00,542
"Maybe you forgot to pay."
"No, we didn't forget.
1842
01:39:00,708 --> 01:39:03,458
We're not giving you another cent,
you haven't solved anything for us."
1843
01:39:03,667 --> 01:39:06,750
"We'll take you to court."
"Whatever, I'm not paying."
1844
01:39:06,917 --> 01:39:09,792
-I do recall...
-28 years paying a union
1845
01:39:09,958 --> 01:39:13,458
and we had one simple problem
and you didn't solve it.
1846
01:39:13,667 --> 01:39:15,792
We're not paying another cent.
1847
01:39:15,958 --> 01:39:18,792
-Unions aren't what they were.
-Maybe.
1848
01:39:18,958 --> 01:39:22,375
Before, being a unionist
was deep-rooted,
1849
01:39:22,583 --> 01:39:24,000
not now.
1850
01:39:24,167 --> 01:39:26,625
Now most unionists join companies
1851
01:39:26,792 --> 01:39:29,917
to do union hours
and get other benefits.
1852
01:39:30,042 --> 01:39:33,875
Before you didn't get union hours.
A unionist was deep-rooted,
1853
01:39:34,000 --> 01:39:36,458
he'd fight for the worker.
Not now,
1854
01:39:36,667 --> 01:39:40,625
now everyone's on their own
and sorts out their own problems.
1855
01:39:40,792 --> 01:39:44,000
Before, you went to the union...
I've worked,
1856
01:39:44,167 --> 01:39:45,667
I've experienced it up close,
1857
01:39:45,833 --> 01:39:48,667
and the union really solved
things for you, it helped you.
1858
01:39:48,833 --> 01:39:52,250
They organized strikes in construction,
1859
01:39:52,417 --> 01:39:53,583
in bakeries...
1860
01:39:53,750 --> 01:39:56,625
Incredible strikes. They went ahead,
1861
01:39:56,792 --> 01:39:59,458
everyone went on strike,
1862
01:39:59,667 --> 01:40:02,000
everyone joined those strikes.
1863
01:40:02,167 --> 01:40:05,875
Even unrelated sectors
supported those strikes.
1864
01:40:06,000 --> 01:40:09,375
The demonstrations they had before...
Not now,
1865
01:40:09,583 --> 01:40:11,667
nothing's done, no struggle.
1866
01:40:11,833 --> 01:40:14,458
People have stagnated,
they don't fight.
1867
01:40:14,667 --> 01:40:18,875
No, the struggle before
is nothing like today.
1868
01:40:19,958 --> 01:40:23,875
Kids today don't even know
which party is in government.
1869
01:40:24,000 --> 01:40:26,125
Or who Suárez was.
1870
01:40:26,292 --> 01:40:28,417
They don't know anything.
1871
01:40:28,625 --> 01:40:32,375
My older kids do,
but the younger one,
1872
01:40:32,583 --> 01:40:34,292
20 years old...
1873
01:40:34,458 --> 01:40:37,708
Don't ask him who the president is
because he doesn't care.
1874
01:40:37,875 --> 01:40:41,708
-No, they don't care.
-Not to mention foreign politics.
1875
01:40:41,875 --> 01:40:44,958
They don't know about Spain,
let alone the outside world.
1876
01:40:45,083 --> 01:40:47,708
Do you think the strike
as a mechanism
1877
01:40:47,875 --> 01:40:50,667
for the defence of worker's rights
makes sense now?
1878
01:40:50,833 --> 01:40:53,542
Not these days. Not these days.
1879
01:40:54,625 --> 01:40:58,042
-Before, yes, but not now.
-I don't know.
1880
01:40:58,208 --> 01:41:00,458
What strike now do you recall?
1881
01:41:00,667 --> 01:41:04,083
Do you remember a powerful strike?
I don't remember any.
1882
01:41:04,375 --> 01:41:07,458
In the end, the problems
are going to be the same.
1883
01:41:07,667 --> 01:41:10,750
I agree. I'm totally apolitical,
I'm not with any party.
1884
01:41:10,917 --> 01:41:15,625
If I'm interested I'll vote for one
or the other, never mind the party.
1885
01:41:15,792 --> 01:41:18,750
The mayors of La Unión.
1886
01:41:18,917 --> 01:41:20,708
I voted for them
because I knew them.
1887
01:41:20,875 --> 01:41:24,375
I didn't care if they were PP,
PSOE or CDS.
1888
01:41:24,583 --> 01:41:27,458
I know them,
they're good people,
1889
01:41:27,667 --> 01:41:29,333
even if they went bad.
1890
01:41:29,542 --> 01:41:33,083
I voted for them because of that,
not because they were from a party.
1891
01:41:33,250 --> 01:41:34,917
I'm totally apolitical.
1892
01:41:35,333 --> 01:41:38,042
We just say: "There's high
unemployment, idleness...",
1893
01:41:38,208 --> 01:41:41,667
but we don't hit the streets.
1894
01:41:41,833 --> 01:41:44,375
People came out for everything,
and not now.
1895
01:41:44,583 --> 01:41:46,999
We've gotten comfortable. We're lazier.
1896
01:41:47,125 --> 01:41:50,542
-We don't want to go on protests.
-Especially if we have a wage at home.
1897
01:41:50,708 --> 01:41:53,417
When they're on TV:
"Those poor people..."
1898
01:41:54,583 --> 01:41:58,458
"Why are they coming on these rafts?"
It must be bad for them to come...
1899
01:41:58,625 --> 01:42:02,083
I say that a lot, when people protest
about these boats coming.
1900
01:42:02,250 --> 01:42:06,042
Not that I agree
they should be picked up.
1901
01:42:06,208 --> 01:42:09,292
I understand that these people
must be desperate
1902
01:42:09,458 --> 01:42:13,458
to risk their lives
crossing the sea where...
1903
01:42:13,667 --> 01:42:16,999
-The dead this month...
-Like us in the 60s when...
1904
01:42:17,125 --> 01:42:18,417
we went to Germany,
1905
01:42:19,458 --> 01:42:20,542
to France...
1906
01:42:20,708 --> 01:42:23,708
My mother was at the grape harvest
in France
1907
01:42:23,875 --> 01:42:25,542
and they asked for her papers...
1908
01:42:29,042 --> 01:42:32,250
I think any worker
should join the union...
1909
01:42:32,417 --> 01:42:35,458
-because otherwise...
-Yes, that's good.
1910
01:42:35,667 --> 01:42:38,042
There has to be union action.
1911
01:42:38,208 --> 01:42:40,000
But it has to be effective.
1912
01:42:40,167 --> 01:42:43,417
Everyone can think
what they like, but...
1913
01:42:43,625 --> 01:42:45,708
At my age,
I've never seen them act.
1914
01:42:45,875 --> 01:42:48,625
At your age.
But thanks to them,
1915
01:42:48,792 --> 01:42:51,417
we got a lot of rights,
a lot of things.
1916
01:42:51,625 --> 01:42:55,542
-If it hadn't been...
-I haven't seen them act.
1917
01:42:55,708 --> 01:42:58,042
Because you're very young,
but otherwise...
1918
01:42:58,208 --> 01:43:00,750
-You've seen them act?
-I've seen the unions act.
1919
01:43:00,917 --> 01:43:04,042
If the union wasn't with Bazán,
1920
01:43:04,208 --> 01:43:06,708
the reform wouldn't have happened:
1921
01:43:06,875 --> 01:43:09,333
-from earning shit...
-Reform? To earn more shit.
1922
01:43:09,542 --> 01:43:12,667
-No, not to earn shit,...
-He's right.
1923
01:43:12,833 --> 01:43:15,167
...to making good wages.
1924
01:43:15,333 --> 01:43:17,125
Worse or the same.
1925
01:43:17,292 --> 01:43:20,167
-I wasn't at Bazán then.
-Not worse.
1926
01:43:20,333 --> 01:43:22,625
-Ask Bartolo.
-Bartolo?
1927
01:43:22,792 --> 01:43:25,542
Think about it:
from earning 32,000 pesetas
1928
01:43:25,708 --> 01:43:27,750
to what they're making now.
1929
01:43:27,917 --> 01:43:31,000
All thanks to them.
Thanks to the strike.
1930
01:43:31,167 --> 01:43:35,000
Thanks to union action.
Or we would've been much worse.
1931
01:43:36,250 --> 01:43:39,958
We have an 8-hour day,
though that's not strict these days.
1932
01:43:40,083 --> 01:43:42,083
-That's another thing.
-That's what I was going to say.
1933
01:43:42,250 --> 01:43:45,458
-How are we doing right now?
-Well, right now...
1934
01:43:45,833 --> 01:43:47,458
-There were worthy people.
-No, no,
1935
01:43:47,667 --> 01:43:50,375
it's not about being worthy,
1936
01:43:50,583 --> 01:43:52,583
the people don't have union action.
1937
01:43:53,625 --> 01:43:56,875
The people are like:
"I've got my tablet, Internet
1938
01:43:57,000 --> 01:44:00,250
Facebook and Instagram."
And that's it.
1939
01:44:00,417 --> 01:44:02,125
No, it's fucking reality.
1940
01:44:02,292 --> 01:44:05,417
Now you tell them:
"We're striking for our rights..."
1941
01:44:05,625 --> 01:44:08,042
You want me to thump you?
1942
01:44:08,208 --> 01:44:09,792
Look here,
1943
01:44:09,958 --> 01:44:12,917
you're making 2500 euros.
You have enough for 50 tablets.
1944
01:44:13,042 --> 01:44:15,125
2500 because I work for it.
1945
01:44:15,292 --> 01:44:17,292
Stop filming,
I'm going to thump him.
1946
01:44:17,458 --> 01:44:20,417
-Because I work for it.
-Okay, like lots of people.
1947
01:44:20,625 --> 01:44:24,208
For just 8 hours I earn shit.
1948
01:44:25,917 --> 01:44:29,125
-With 8 hours you can't survive?
-Yes, I can,
1949
01:44:29,292 --> 01:44:32,625
but thanks to the unions
we have a lot of things.
1950
01:44:32,792 --> 01:44:35,542
You're going to make me hit you.
1951
01:44:35,708 --> 01:44:39,042
Don't you think the unions
do their job?
1952
01:44:39,208 --> 01:44:41,875
I don't think they do anything.
1953
01:44:42,000 --> 01:44:43,792
I haven't seen them act.
1954
01:44:43,958 --> 01:44:46,750
Have you seen what
a union does from the inside?
1955
01:44:46,917 --> 01:44:49,958
I've seen that you have to pay
4 or 5 euros to join.
1956
01:44:50,083 --> 01:44:51,792
I worked in Carrefour
1957
01:44:51,958 --> 01:44:54,417
and they told me to join the union
1958
01:44:55,583 --> 01:44:57,750
and you tell me what they do.
1959
01:44:57,917 --> 01:45:01,792
Tell me a law the union proposed
that Parliament then passed.
1960
01:45:01,958 --> 01:45:04,875
It's a lie. Loads of blah-blah-blah,
and little or nothing.
1961
01:45:05,000 --> 01:45:07,958
What do you think of strikes?
Are they useful sometimes?
1962
01:45:08,083 --> 01:45:11,250
Strikes, yes, because you
burn stuff and feel good.
1963
01:45:11,417 --> 01:45:13,417
You let off steam.
1964
01:45:13,625 --> 01:45:15,750
But, look, man...
1965
01:45:15,917 --> 01:45:19,000
Throughout history
we've been taught that,
1966
01:45:19,167 --> 01:45:22,250
but when you strike...
1967
01:45:22,417 --> 01:45:25,917
...with willingness, not:
"Let's meet, take a walk." No.
1968
01:45:26,042 --> 01:45:29,000
"We're striking, and until they listen,
we're not moving from here."
1969
01:45:29,167 --> 01:45:30,917
But it's not in fashion now.
1970
01:45:31,042 --> 01:45:33,833
Why? Because there's no
class consciousness,
1971
01:45:33,999 --> 01:45:35,792
no working-class consciousness.
1972
01:45:35,958 --> 01:45:38,958
No, you and all of us here
1973
01:45:39,083 --> 01:45:42,208
make 1000 or 1200 euros
and we don't care.
1974
01:45:42,375 --> 01:45:44,250
-Where are you on May 1st?
-Take it easy.
1975
01:45:44,417 --> 01:45:46,875
-At home.
-That's the mistake.
1976
01:45:47,917 --> 01:45:50,917
-Why aren't you at the demonstration?
-Because I make 1000 euros.
1977
01:45:51,042 --> 01:45:53,999
-Then fuck you.
-You should be the first.
1978
01:45:54,125 --> 01:45:55,999
-Fuck you.
-Fuck me?
1979
01:45:56,125 --> 01:45:58,042
If you settle for 1000 euros, fuck you.
1980
01:45:58,208 --> 01:46:01,958
My house costs 250 euros,
my daughter 125, what do I care?
1981
01:46:02,083 --> 01:46:04,792
I don't give a shit.
1982
01:46:04,958 --> 01:46:08,833
You don't give a shit
about my life? I'll bust you one.
1983
01:46:08,999 --> 01:46:11,667
Would you be happier
with 1000 or 2000?
1984
01:46:11,833 --> 01:46:14,292
My work's not worth 2000.
1985
01:46:14,458 --> 01:46:17,458
Maybe you're not
thinking about it right.
1986
01:46:17,667 --> 01:46:19,750
I think my work's worth 2000.
1987
01:46:19,917 --> 01:46:22,000
-No, it's not.
-Yeah, go on like that.
1988
01:46:22,167 --> 01:46:24,792
And your neighbour, what?
We're very selfish.
1989
01:46:24,958 --> 01:46:27,250
Carry on like what?
Are you an idiot?
1990
01:46:27,417 --> 01:46:30,375
-No, you're the idiot.
-You're going to fight today.
1991
01:46:30,583 --> 01:46:33,625
Sure we are.
1992
01:46:33,792 --> 01:46:36,792
If you don't value your work...
1993
01:46:36,958 --> 01:46:40,000
-I do value it.
-...it's the worker's problem.
1994
01:46:40,167 --> 01:46:44,000
The employer tells you
it's worth 20 euros.
1995
01:46:44,167 --> 01:46:46,667
What do you do with 2000 euros?
1996
01:46:46,833 --> 01:46:50,208
-With 2000 you can do stuff.
-And with 1000. Pay rent and live.
1997
01:46:50,375 --> 01:46:52,375
It hurts my ears being
next to the machine all day.
1998
01:46:52,583 --> 01:46:55,083
But now they hurt more.
1999
01:46:55,250 --> 01:46:58,333
-Take it easy.
-Don't bust my balls!
2000
01:46:58,542 --> 01:47:00,750
-Fuck!
-No, no.
2001
01:47:00,917 --> 01:47:03,833
It's not like that.
You settled for 1000 euros
2002
01:47:03,999 --> 01:47:05,875
and it's not like that.
2003
01:47:06,000 --> 01:47:09,083
If you know your boss
is making this much,
2004
01:47:09,250 --> 01:47:13,125
-why do you say: "The company..."?
-But you make 2500!
2005
01:47:15,750 --> 01:47:17,750
You say: "Fuck, my boss
is making X and..."
2006
01:47:17,917 --> 01:47:21,542
I don't care about the cameras,
I'll bust you one. You make 2500.
2007
01:47:21,708 --> 01:47:23,999
Miguel, it's true, because of
people like you we're like this.
2008
01:47:24,125 --> 01:47:26,417
Yes, but my work's not worth that.
2009
01:47:26,625 --> 01:47:29,458
He's doing his job,
it's worth that.
2010
01:47:29,667 --> 01:47:31,208
He's worth it.
2011
01:47:31,375 --> 01:47:33,958
For what you do,
I wouldn't give you...
2012
01:47:34,083 --> 01:47:36,875
Do you think this guy
makes 1000 euros
2013
01:47:37,000 --> 01:47:39,292
-for holding up that mike?
-Yes.
2014
01:47:39,458 --> 01:47:42,083
Maybe he should charge 2000,
because he's educated.
2015
01:47:42,250 --> 01:47:45,458
-And he's got a degree.
-No. Do you know why?
2016
01:47:45,667 --> 01:47:49,208
Because work is based
on responsibility.
2017
01:47:49,375 --> 01:47:50,999
What responsibility?
2018
01:47:51,125 --> 01:47:53,125
He's educated, got a degree...
2019
01:47:53,292 --> 01:47:55,750
-I don't care.
-That's no good to me.
2020
01:47:55,917 --> 01:47:57,792
-It's no good to me.
-I don't care.
2021
01:47:57,958 --> 01:48:00,625
We're getting nowhere here.
2022
01:48:00,792 --> 01:48:04,042
-It depends on the responsibility.
-A doctor should be making...
2023
01:48:04,208 --> 01:48:06,875
-100,000 euros.
-More than a footballer, for example.
2024
01:48:07,000 --> 01:48:09,417
A footballer, like he said.
2025
01:48:09,625 --> 01:48:12,250
-What responsibility has he got?
-Loads.
2026
01:48:12,417 --> 01:48:15,875
-None! None!
-Just as well he's not in a union.
2027
01:48:16,000 --> 01:48:16,875
-Loads.
-None!
2028
01:48:17,000 --> 01:48:19,792
I agree with him.
I couldn't be a footballer.
2029
01:48:19,958 --> 01:48:22,042
-Could you?
-How could I be a footballer
2030
01:48:22,208 --> 01:48:25,083
-if I can't walk with my leg straight?
-With the "blow" you take,
2031
01:48:25,250 --> 01:48:28,583
they'd throw you in jail
the first day, man.
2032
01:48:28,750 --> 01:48:31,917
Footballers have to be on top
every day, man.
2033
01:48:32,042 --> 01:48:33,708
That's not the issue.
2034
01:48:37,250 --> 01:48:38,958
I was in the CNS.
2035
01:48:39,708 --> 01:48:43,000
But not in Comisiones Obreras
or the UGT.
2036
01:48:43,167 --> 01:48:46,750
-The CNS? From before?
-Sure, the Regime one.
2037
01:48:46,917 --> 01:48:49,583
-The vertical union, right?
-The vertical.
2038
01:48:49,750 --> 01:48:52,125
-But later no.
-Everybody was in line.
2039
01:48:52,958 --> 01:48:56,333
They couldn't fire you
because they felt like it.
2040
01:48:56,542 --> 01:48:58,292
Now yes, they can fire you...
2041
01:48:58,458 --> 01:49:00,833
But with Franco nobody got fired.
2042
01:49:02,083 --> 01:49:04,667
You didn't have to do
what the boss wanted,
2043
01:49:04,833 --> 01:49:06,999
he had to compensate you...
2044
01:49:08,999 --> 01:49:10,999
But later, in Bazán, for example...?
2045
01:49:11,125 --> 01:49:15,125
Not in Bazán, no.
They gave me the money and I left.
2046
01:49:15,417 --> 01:49:17,333
But I had no problem there,
2047
01:49:17,542 --> 01:49:21,250
-they gave me the money...
-I mean you weren't in the union.
2048
01:49:21,417 --> 01:49:24,458
No, not me.
Not in the UGT or CCOO.
2049
01:49:24,667 --> 01:49:27,708
There was the USO too.
2050
01:49:27,875 --> 01:49:29,583
I wasn't in that.
2051
01:49:29,750 --> 01:49:33,083
No, because they looked like
moochers to me.
2052
01:49:33,250 --> 01:49:37,000
It's the same as yesterday.
I read in the paper
2053
01:49:37,167 --> 01:49:40,833
about an event here
in the Hotel Nelva, in Murcia,
2054
01:49:40,999 --> 01:49:44,708
by VOX, the right wingers.
2055
01:49:45,958 --> 01:49:48,292
And these other fuckers come and say:
"Fucking son of a bitch,
2056
01:49:48,458 --> 01:49:50,625
you should be kidnapped
and put in a hole!"
2057
01:49:50,792 --> 01:49:53,083
The antifascists.
2058
01:49:56,042 --> 01:49:57,999
Not the fascists.
2059
01:49:58,125 --> 01:50:00,833
They come out with a Spanish flag...
2060
01:50:02,542 --> 01:50:03,833
and the others insult the flag:
2061
01:50:03,999 --> 01:50:06,958
"Fucking bitch!"
2062
01:50:07,083 --> 01:50:10,708
You can't do that.
In the society we live in now,
2063
01:50:10,875 --> 01:50:12,542
you can't do that, my friends,
2064
01:50:13,583 --> 01:50:16,917
because we have to get rid
of all the stigmas
2065
01:50:17,042 --> 01:50:18,833
of Francoism and all that.
2066
01:50:20,208 --> 01:50:22,417
I'm one of those people.
2067
01:50:22,625 --> 01:50:24,917
Though I may have
liked it at the time,
2068
01:50:25,042 --> 01:50:29,042
I'm more liberal now, now...
Hey, I am liberal.
2069
01:50:29,208 --> 01:50:32,083
I want people to live well,
2070
01:50:32,250 --> 01:50:34,250
enjoy themselves, have a house,
2071
01:50:34,417 --> 01:50:36,458
have food
2072
01:50:36,667 --> 01:50:38,625
and get an education.
2073
01:50:41,542 --> 01:50:44,958
There were opportunities then,
but some people were lazy.
2074
01:50:45,083 --> 01:50:47,333
Vagrants and thugs.
The Vagrancy Act...
2075
01:50:53,417 --> 01:50:55,708
I'm simpler and more...
2076
01:50:55,875 --> 01:50:59,583
It must be due to my age,I'm going to turn 54,
2077
01:51:00,708 --> 01:51:03,833
and due to my situation,
2078
01:51:03,999 --> 01:51:06,999
I have rheumatism in my whole bodyfrom working so much.
2079
01:51:08,000 --> 01:51:09,833
I've always been a baker.
2080
01:51:09,999 --> 01:51:12,667
My working day has alwaysbeen 12 hours.
2081
01:51:12,833 --> 01:51:14,417
I made a lot of money, that's true.
2082
01:51:15,750 --> 01:51:19,250
I worked in a bakery herethat's closed.
2083
01:51:19,417 --> 01:51:21,458
I've known Cartagena at night.
2084
01:51:21,667 --> 01:51:25,667
Cartagena at night is differentfrom the Cartagena you know.
2085
01:51:25,833 --> 01:51:29,375
This was the street,excuse me, of the whores.
2086
01:51:29,583 --> 01:51:33,333
They'd finish work on the dockand come here, to the bakery.
2087
01:51:34,375 --> 01:51:37,292
That's my dream,
2088
01:51:37,458 --> 01:51:39,167
to get a pension,
2089
01:51:39,333 --> 01:51:42,083
help my youngest daughter,
she needs it,
2090
01:51:44,083 --> 01:51:46,000
and grow old with dignity.
2091
01:51:48,917 --> 01:51:51,542
If I win the lottery,
as he said, fucking great.
2092
01:51:53,583 --> 01:51:55,708
But you can't aspire to...
2093
01:51:55,875 --> 01:51:58,375
You have to be realistic
in this life, you know?
2094
01:51:58,583 --> 01:52:01,333
If I got a pension of 1000 euros,
2095
01:52:01,542 --> 01:52:04,833
I'd sign right now, for sure.
2096
01:52:04,999 --> 01:52:07,125
Do you dream about that at night?
2097
01:52:07,292 --> 01:52:08,875
-Yes, yes.
-Asleep, I mean.
2098
01:52:09,000 --> 01:52:11,083
Yes, yes, yes.
2099
01:52:11,250 --> 01:52:13,958
That'd give me peace of mind,
2100
01:52:14,083 --> 01:52:15,333
because right now...
2101
01:52:16,542 --> 01:52:18,999
I've worked like a slave,
like a bastard,
2102
01:52:19,125 --> 01:52:21,250
and my ass is hanging out.
2103
01:52:22,917 --> 01:52:25,042
It's because I've been
married three times too.
2104
01:52:26,083 --> 01:52:29,333
So... My first wife left me...
2105
01:52:30,708 --> 01:52:32,083
...high and dry...
2106
01:52:33,333 --> 01:52:36,167
and the second one
paid the consequences of that,
2107
01:52:36,333 --> 01:52:37,625
because I was,
2108
01:52:39,999 --> 01:52:42,750
as they say,
2109
01:52:43,792 --> 01:52:45,208
once bitten twice shy.
2110
01:52:45,375 --> 01:52:47,917
The third just didn't work out.
2111
01:52:48,042 --> 01:52:50,583
Now I live with my mum.
2112
01:52:53,042 --> 01:52:56,042
Peace of mind,
2113
01:52:56,208 --> 01:52:58,125
it's all I want.
2114
01:52:59,833 --> 01:53:01,000
Is there any dream
2115
01:53:01,167 --> 01:53:04,542
you recall in particular
2116
01:53:04,708 --> 01:53:07,542
from when you were young
or that's recurring?
2117
01:53:11,042 --> 01:53:14,708
Like he said.
I don't think I'll die poor.
2118
01:53:16,333 --> 01:53:18,458
I don't deserve it,
I'm not a bad person,
2119
01:53:18,667 --> 01:53:20,875
I don't harm anyone.
2120
01:53:22,167 --> 01:53:24,750
You know what I mean?
2121
01:53:24,917 --> 01:53:27,667
So you have to
be compensated one day.
2122
01:53:28,792 --> 01:53:29,958
Do you understand?
2123
01:53:31,667 --> 01:53:33,208
Humble,
2124
01:53:33,375 --> 01:53:35,542
I consider myself very humble.
2125
01:53:37,833 --> 01:53:39,708
I don't aspire to...
2126
01:53:41,083 --> 01:53:42,333
Besides,
2127
01:53:42,542 --> 01:53:45,999
when you're 20 you think
you're going to conquer the world
2128
01:53:46,125 --> 01:53:47,583
and the world eats you up.
2129
01:53:50,125 --> 01:53:53,125
BURNING A PARLIAMENT
2130
01:54:03,833 --> 01:54:06,667
The best of a hundred countries.
2131
01:54:06,833 --> 01:54:10,083
Their culture, their folklore,their natural wealth,
2132
01:54:10,250 --> 01:54:13,083
their works of art, their gastronomy.
2133
01:54:13,250 --> 01:54:15,167
In Seville for 6 months
2134
01:54:15,333 --> 01:54:18,708
will be the uniqueand unrepeatable event...
2135
01:54:18,875 --> 01:54:20,583
Expo '92.
2136
01:54:22,708 --> 01:54:26,333
Expo '92, the world's best.
2137
01:54:27,167 --> 01:54:29,250
My problem is that
I've been here since 10 a.m.
2138
01:54:29,417 --> 01:54:31,875
There was no police cordon.
2139
01:54:32,000 --> 01:54:34,875
I'm a citizen
and I'm requesting for my right
2140
01:54:35,000 --> 01:54:36,542
to enter a parliament.
2141
01:54:36,708 --> 01:54:39,999
They're trampling on the Constitution.
2142
01:54:40,125 --> 01:54:42,542
They won't let me enter
Parliament to listen.
2143
01:54:42,708 --> 01:54:46,458
I'm not here to agitate but to ask...
Ask no, they won't let me speak,
2144
01:54:46,667 --> 01:54:50,542
but to support these poor men
who have lead poisoning.
2145
01:54:50,708 --> 01:54:51,958
Do you get it, sir?
2146
01:54:52,083 --> 01:54:55,875
My husband has the right,
like the other 350 families,
2147
01:54:56,000 --> 01:54:58,708
to a job. They've been made sick,
2148
01:54:58,875 --> 01:55:01,792
so sick that they weren't able
to donate blood.
2149
01:55:01,958 --> 01:55:05,667
They're left to their own devices.
I want to go in and the president
2150
01:55:05,833 --> 01:55:08,792
won't let me in.
2151
01:55:08,958 --> 01:55:11,750
That's trampling on the Constitution.
A place like this
2152
01:55:11,917 --> 01:55:14,292
should respect the Constitution
2153
01:55:14,458 --> 01:55:17,250
and let a person in.
I came alone, not in a group.
2154
01:55:17,417 --> 01:55:20,667
I didn't come to agitate,
I came to support those men there
2155
01:55:20,833 --> 01:55:24,000
asking for work, that's all.
Most of them are sick.
2156
01:55:26,375 --> 01:55:30,000
In some way, Cartagena is always notorious.
2157
01:55:30,167 --> 01:55:31,875
Let's start with what you said,
2158
01:55:32,000 --> 01:55:35,667
that feat written in history books,
2159
01:55:35,833 --> 01:55:38,750
by the great Latin historians:
the elephants of Hannibal.
2160
01:55:38,917 --> 01:55:41,250
Hannibal left
the Iberian Qart Hadasht,
2161
01:55:41,417 --> 01:55:44,958
he left Carthage, from Cartagena,
to conquer Rome.
2162
01:55:45,999 --> 01:55:49,375
With 50,000 infantry, 15,000 riders,
2163
01:55:49,583 --> 01:55:51,875
100 African elephants...
2164
01:55:54,333 --> 01:55:57,833
to topple the largest empire
in the Mediterranean at the time.
2165
01:55:57,999 --> 01:56:00,000
They were in a rivalry.
2166
01:56:01,875 --> 01:56:03,999
Cartagena was already
in the thick of it.
2167
01:56:04,125 --> 01:56:07,750
Then, of course,
in the 18th or 19th century
2168
01:56:07,917 --> 01:56:11,875
Cartagena was in
all the liberal revolutions.
2169
01:56:12,000 --> 01:56:13,333
The Glorious Revolution.
2170
01:56:13,583 --> 01:56:17,167
Tradition has it that
it all began in apothecary
2171
01:56:17,333 --> 01:56:19,667
here in Cartagena, on Calle Mayor.
2172
01:56:20,999 --> 01:56:23,875
The First Republic,
the Second Republic.
2173
01:56:24,000 --> 01:56:25,917
That rebel spirit...
2174
01:56:27,083 --> 01:56:29,000
is in Cartagena.
2175
01:56:29,167 --> 01:56:32,167
It's true, as we said before,
2176
01:56:32,333 --> 01:56:34,292
that maybe Francoism,
2177
01:56:34,458 --> 01:56:37,208
the sociology of Francoism,
2178
01:56:37,375 --> 01:56:39,333
smothered a little
2179
01:56:39,542 --> 01:56:43,542
that history of struggle, but...
2180
01:56:43,708 --> 01:56:45,458
To what point?
2181
01:56:45,667 --> 01:56:48,708
Was it smothered
or was there real repression
2182
01:56:48,875 --> 01:56:51,000
in the city after the Civil War?
2183
01:56:51,167 --> 01:56:53,417
There was a major repression.
2184
01:56:54,708 --> 01:56:57,208
The repression in Cartagena
was very harsh.
2185
01:56:57,375 --> 01:57:00,250
If you take the summary trials,
2186
01:57:02,083 --> 01:57:05,083
just in the province of Murcia
2187
01:57:05,750 --> 01:57:07,208
there were 50,000 of them.
2188
01:57:07,375 --> 01:57:09,708
And each wasn't just one person
2189
01:57:09,875 --> 01:57:12,833
there were summary trials
2190
01:57:12,999 --> 01:57:14,333
with 80 people accused.
2191
01:57:14,542 --> 01:57:17,250
The repression in Cartagena
was very harsh
2192
01:57:17,417 --> 01:57:20,042
and the army was responsible
2193
01:57:20,208 --> 01:57:23,417
for the repression.
2194
01:57:23,625 --> 01:57:27,542
In Cartagena the repression
was very tough
2195
01:57:27,708 --> 01:57:30,417
and Admiral Bastarreche
made sure he did
2196
01:57:30,625 --> 01:57:33,250
a good job as the enforcer
2197
01:57:33,417 --> 01:57:34,708
of that repression.
2198
01:57:34,875 --> 01:57:40,708
In Cartagena, if a shipyard worker
was to be shot,
2199
01:57:40,875 --> 01:57:44,708
his co-workers were sent
to witness the execution,
2200
01:57:44,875 --> 01:57:46,833
in the sports field of the arsenal.
2201
01:57:46,999 --> 01:57:50,542
Plus, they'd send a musical group
2202
01:57:50,708 --> 01:57:53,708
and while the executions occurred,
they'd play music.
2203
01:57:55,000 --> 01:57:57,125
They'd put all the workers there
2204
01:57:57,292 --> 01:58:01,042
so that they'd see
their co-worker being shot.
2205
01:58:01,208 --> 01:58:04,000
-Until what year was the...?
-Until 1945.
2206
01:58:05,042 --> 01:58:08,792
Until '45, the repression
was harsh in the city.
2207
01:58:08,958 --> 01:58:12,792
But when you say 50,000 accused,
or 50,000 cases,
2208
01:58:14,458 --> 01:58:18,458
not all were shot, sure,
but there were trials...
2209
01:58:18,667 --> 01:58:21,792
Plus, absolutely all of them...
2210
01:58:21,958 --> 01:58:23,583
were charged...
2211
01:58:23,750 --> 01:58:26,583
under military code
with a military court.
2212
01:58:27,375 --> 01:58:29,792
That happened all over Spain...
Thanks.
2213
01:58:29,958 --> 01:58:33,292
It happened all over Spain, but...
2214
01:58:33,458 --> 01:58:36,625
in Cartagena it was very harsh,
as I said. After all,
2215
01:58:36,792 --> 01:58:38,792
to Francoism it was a city of reds.
2216
01:58:38,958 --> 01:58:41,292
A city of reds
and a city that defended...
2217
01:58:41,458 --> 01:58:44,083
The only naval base
left in the Republic
2218
01:58:44,250 --> 01:58:48,958
defended tooth and nail
by the Republican Navy.
2219
01:58:49,083 --> 01:58:52,292
Francoism was also unforgiving...
2220
01:58:53,375 --> 01:58:57,125
Just before the war ended,
the Castillo de Olite was sunk...
2221
01:58:57,292 --> 01:59:01,125
They entered the city,
thinking it had surrendered.
2222
01:59:01,292 --> 01:59:03,042
The city hadn't surrendered.
2223
01:59:03,208 --> 01:59:05,333
In the end, from La Parajola,
2224
01:59:05,542 --> 01:59:08,125
bombardment and 1500 dead.
2225
01:59:09,167 --> 01:59:11,875
My grandmother told me...
2226
01:59:12,000 --> 01:59:15,125
It was grotesque. In the harbour
you'd see people floating,
2227
01:59:17,667 --> 01:59:19,292
corpses floating in the sea.
2228
01:59:19,458 --> 01:59:21,417
It's a tough story.
2229
01:59:22,458 --> 01:59:24,125
I think that did some damage.
2230
01:59:24,292 --> 01:59:28,000
And we all know that after
the Civil War the silence was long.
2231
01:59:28,167 --> 01:59:32,125
For the repressed families
the silence of 40 years of Francoism
2232
01:59:32,292 --> 01:59:34,917
was very long,
with things left undiscussed.
2233
01:59:35,042 --> 01:59:38,500
I think that also happens
with the city's world view.
2234
01:59:47,875 --> 01:59:49,708
One of my mother's grandfathers,
2235
01:59:49,875 --> 01:59:52,167
a Communist Party leader in Spain,
2236
01:59:52,333 --> 01:59:56,042
in the Civil War had to leave
Cartagena by ship
2237
01:59:56,208 --> 01:59:59,708
and he died of hunger in France.
2238
02:00:01,667 --> 02:00:03,208
That was kind of like...
2239
02:00:03,375 --> 02:00:05,875
a reference point in my family
2240
02:00:06,917 --> 02:00:09,583
to not get into trouble.
2241
02:00:09,750 --> 02:00:13,625
When my granddad, a baker,
put on Pirenaica,
2242
02:00:15,125 --> 02:00:18,125
my grandmother would say
"Turn down the radio,
2243
02:00:18,292 --> 02:00:20,750
they'll hear you!" It was fear
2244
02:00:21,833 --> 02:00:25,583
coming from that family event,
2245
02:00:26,625 --> 02:00:29,458
my great-grandfather
who'd died in France
2246
02:00:29,667 --> 02:00:33,125
escaping from the Civil War,
from Franco,
2247
02:00:33,292 --> 02:00:34,708
at the end of the War.
2248
02:00:36,875 --> 02:00:40,083
And at school, at 12 years of age,
2249
02:00:41,167 --> 02:00:42,625
you're in class,
2250
02:00:43,708 --> 02:00:47,208
you look out of the window
and see your father
2251
02:00:47,375 --> 02:00:51,375
and all the workers at Bazán
2252
02:00:52,042 --> 02:00:54,083
running down a riverbed
2253
02:00:54,250 --> 02:00:56,667
with the cops behind beating them.
2254
02:00:56,833 --> 02:00:58,999
When my father got home
2255
02:00:59,125 --> 02:01:00,999
his back would be all bruised.
2256
02:01:01,125 --> 02:01:03,917
He'd ask me:
"Kid, how's my back?"
2257
02:01:04,042 --> 02:01:05,999
"It's all purple-coloured."
2258
02:01:08,375 --> 02:01:10,250
It's what stays with you
2259
02:01:10,417 --> 02:01:12,999
from when you were a kid.
2260
02:01:13,125 --> 02:01:16,625
Our school was very close to Bazán.
2261
02:01:16,792 --> 02:01:19,708
It was 100 metres from
the school to Bazán.
2262
02:01:19,875 --> 02:01:23,375
When there was trouble, riots,
the Bazán workers that came out
2263
02:01:23,583 --> 02:01:25,958
were our fathers
and we watched them.
2264
02:01:26,083 --> 02:01:28,333
We were raised on that conflict
since we were kids.
2265
02:01:36,125 --> 02:01:38,750
In '71 there was
2266
02:01:38,917 --> 02:01:42,375
a fall of the Party in Cartagena,
there were no leaders left,
2267
02:01:45,167 --> 02:01:48,083
and I chose a political option:
2268
02:01:50,250 --> 02:01:53,292
I became a militant
in the Communist Party.
2269
02:01:53,708 --> 02:01:56,792
I was a militant of the people
2270
02:01:56,958 --> 02:02:00,333
and I've never felt sidelined
2271
02:02:00,542 --> 02:02:02,750
because I'm a woman.
2272
02:02:02,917 --> 02:02:05,125
I later saw that I was
2273
02:02:05,292 --> 02:02:07,292
when I looked at
other aspects of feminism,
2274
02:02:07,458 --> 02:02:10,125
but at the start I was unaware of it.
2275
02:02:10,292 --> 02:02:12,625
I took responsibility for...
2276
02:02:13,667 --> 02:02:15,208
that section of the Party,...
2277
02:02:16,250 --> 02:02:19,708
a female comrade from Murcia,
who worked in the Rosell,
2278
02:02:19,875 --> 02:02:20,958
and me.
2279
02:02:21,083 --> 02:02:23,917
There was a need to create
the Democratic Movement of Women
2280
02:02:24,042 --> 02:02:26,250
and open up that gap.
2281
02:02:27,667 --> 02:02:30,208
And, well, we took it on.
2282
02:02:31,958 --> 02:02:34,458
From then on,
I began to get interested
2283
02:02:34,667 --> 02:02:36,083
and to realize
2284
02:02:36,250 --> 02:02:39,333
that there were things
I didn't perceive.
2285
02:02:42,375 --> 02:02:45,333
When you become a militant
in a party
2286
02:02:45,542 --> 02:02:48,292
where 90% are men,
2287
02:02:48,458 --> 02:02:53,042
99.9% are men,
2288
02:02:53,208 --> 02:02:55,542
and you're accepted,
you don't realize that
2289
02:02:55,708 --> 02:02:58,250
some think of certain things
2290
02:02:58,417 --> 02:03:00,208
while others carry them out
2291
02:03:00,375 --> 02:03:03,417
that there are feelings
and situations
2292
02:03:03,625 --> 02:03:06,167
that are hard to debate about
2293
02:03:06,333 --> 02:03:09,667
because the momentum
carried us along.
2294
02:03:11,042 --> 02:03:14,333
So, for me,
the discovery of feminism
2295
02:03:14,542 --> 02:03:18,125
is about becoming aware
that a society
2296
02:03:18,292 --> 02:03:19,708
or any revolution
2297
02:03:19,875 --> 02:03:23,833
will never be brought about
2298
02:03:23,999 --> 02:03:26,917
unless it includes the values,
2299
02:03:27,042 --> 02:03:29,417
the particular character
2300
02:03:29,625 --> 02:03:33,750
that 52% of the population
can contribute.
2301
02:03:34,292 --> 02:03:42,583
In September '76,
with the first legal demonstration.
2302
02:03:44,167 --> 02:03:46,792
We brought out the women of Cartagena.
2303
02:03:46,958 --> 02:03:50,667
The Democratic Movement of Women,
2304
02:03:50,833 --> 02:03:54,292
the feminist collective,
2305
02:03:54,458 --> 02:03:56,750
asked permission to hold
the first demonstration
2306
02:03:56,917 --> 02:03:59,000
of some 1500 people.
2307
02:03:59,250 --> 02:04:02,792
I remember one of the signs said:
"Water and power all day."
2308
02:04:02,958 --> 02:04:05,750
There were power
and water restrictions
2309
02:04:05,917 --> 02:04:09,250
during certain hours of the day.
2310
02:04:12,875 --> 02:04:16,833
And if the sign said that,
a local feeling had been detected.
2311
02:04:18,875 --> 02:04:21,999
In those neighbourhoods
there was
2312
02:04:22,125 --> 02:04:24,292
more marginalization and poverty
2313
02:04:24,458 --> 02:04:28,042
and no asphalt on the streets yet,
in almost no neighbourhood.
2314
02:04:29,000 --> 02:04:31,042
In Concepción, my neighbourhood,
2315
02:04:31,208 --> 02:04:33,625
the streets weren't paved.
2316
02:04:33,792 --> 02:04:35,999
When it rained,
the hills being nearby,
2317
02:04:36,125 --> 02:04:39,833
furrows formed in the streets
and you could even see the pipes.
2318
02:04:39,999 --> 02:04:42,833
The residents had to fill them in.
2319
02:04:42,999 --> 02:04:46,292
It was the 70s,
2320
02:04:46,458 --> 02:04:49,292
but we still hadn't come out
2321
02:04:49,458 --> 02:04:50,999
of a situation
2322
02:04:51,125 --> 02:04:54,083
of poverty in the country.
2323
02:04:54,750 --> 02:04:57,333
The 70s, despite this,
2324
02:04:57,542 --> 02:05:00,333
were years of economic recovery
in Cartagena,
2325
02:05:00,542 --> 02:05:02,958
we were beginning to...
2326
02:05:04,125 --> 02:05:07,667
The industry of Cartagena
was still obsolete
2327
02:05:07,833 --> 02:05:11,167
and autarchic, because the Regime
didn't allow any other kind.
2328
02:05:11,333 --> 02:05:14,667
But it's not much more advanced now
than it was then,
2329
02:05:14,833 --> 02:05:17,833
because the same parameters are there
2330
02:05:17,999 --> 02:05:20,417
in terms of the problem
2331
02:05:20,625 --> 02:05:22,292
of the environment and...
2332
02:05:22,458 --> 02:05:25,792
I mean, the basic parameter
2333
02:05:25,958 --> 02:05:29,708
is the gross domestic product
that they take away
2334
02:05:29,875 --> 02:05:33,833
and little else. But anyway,
2335
02:05:33,999 --> 02:05:36,417
there were some years of recovery.
2336
02:05:36,625 --> 02:05:40,375
From 1986,
when we entered the EEC,
2337
02:05:40,542 --> 02:05:47,750
what was progress for Spain
2338
02:05:48,583 --> 02:05:51,583
was a step back for me.
2339
02:05:52,708 --> 02:05:55,667
Entering the Community...
2340
02:05:56,292 --> 02:06:00,417
underscored Spain's
economic problems,
2341
02:06:02,042 --> 02:06:05,542
which dragged itself from
Francoism's autarchy,
2342
02:06:05,708 --> 02:06:10,292
and the contradictions began
about competing in the markets.
2343
02:06:12,375 --> 02:06:15,458
At the time they introduced the idea
2344
02:06:15,667 --> 02:06:17,917
that we had to have a single currency.
2345
02:06:18,042 --> 02:06:20,625
We didn't have to have
a single justice system in Europe,
2346
02:06:20,792 --> 02:06:24,167
or compensation for the dismissal
of European workers,
2347
02:06:24,333 --> 02:06:26,958
but we had to have a single currency
2348
02:06:27,083 --> 02:06:31,000
where every country
that joined this club
2349
02:06:31,167 --> 02:06:33,208
had to meet a set of requisites.
2350
02:06:33,375 --> 02:06:36,375
It was what was called
in '92 and '93
2351
02:06:36,583 --> 02:06:38,125
the Maastricht Agreements.
2352
02:06:38,292 --> 02:06:39,625
That belonging to Europe
2353
02:06:39,792 --> 02:06:42,208
from the perspective
of being in line with
2354
02:06:42,375 --> 02:06:45,125
the European countries in rights
2355
02:06:45,292 --> 02:06:47,250
was also an aspiration
2356
02:06:47,417 --> 02:06:49,542
of the Communist Party of Spain.
2357
02:06:49,708 --> 02:06:52,833
It's not that the Communist Party
and Comisiones Obreras
2358
02:06:52,999 --> 02:06:56,083
rejected Europe,
but we wanted a Europe that was...
2359
02:06:57,125 --> 02:06:58,458
homogenous.
2360
02:06:58,667 --> 02:07:01,292
We wanted a Europe
in which Spain enjoyed
2361
02:07:01,458 --> 02:07:04,875
the same labour conditions
as Germany, France,
2362
02:07:05,000 --> 02:07:07,375
Belgium or Great Britain,
2363
02:07:07,583 --> 02:07:10,333
to make progress in rights.
2364
02:07:10,542 --> 02:07:13,083
But what we saw was that
2365
02:07:13,250 --> 02:07:16,250
investment came from Europe
for infrastructure,
2366
02:07:16,417 --> 02:07:18,667
for example, for road building.
2367
02:07:18,833 --> 02:07:21,999
The EU's regional
development funds
2368
02:07:22,125 --> 02:07:23,583
were used for that,
2369
02:07:23,750 --> 02:07:26,083
while all the industry was dismantled.
2370
02:07:26,250 --> 02:07:28,292
And we didn't agree with that.
2371
02:07:28,583 --> 02:07:32,375
That narrative was offensive,
that narrative of modernity,
2372
02:07:32,583 --> 02:07:34,833
of the Olympic Games,
2373
02:07:34,999 --> 02:07:37,458
the Seville Expo.
2374
02:07:37,667 --> 02:07:40,333
It was demonstrating to the world
2375
02:07:40,542 --> 02:07:42,833
that Spain was making a big show.
2376
02:07:42,999 --> 02:07:44,999
It was flaunting an economy
2377
02:07:45,125 --> 02:07:47,333
that allowed us...
2378
02:07:48,417 --> 02:07:50,042
certain luxuries,
2379
02:07:51,375 --> 02:07:54,250
when here it was painful.
2380
02:07:56,542 --> 02:07:58,125
It's the following:
2381
02:07:58,292 --> 02:08:00,625
They say that
2382
02:08:00,792 --> 02:08:04,792
they have a security zone
and this is it.
2383
02:08:05,125 --> 02:08:08,167
-Where we are.
-The commission's going up.
2384
02:08:08,333 --> 02:08:11,125
-The commission's going up.
-Some bastard...
2385
02:08:11,292 --> 02:08:15,292
They're going to meet with
the president and the spokesmen.
2386
02:08:15,583 --> 02:08:16,792
So...
2387
02:08:19,125 --> 02:08:22,750
what they propose
is that our comrades
2388
02:08:22,917 --> 02:08:25,958
wait for us here,
where those placards are.
2389
02:08:26,083 --> 02:08:28,083
-No!
-We're not leaving here!
2390
02:08:28,250 --> 02:08:31,250
I'm telling you... Comrades...
2391
02:08:31,417 --> 02:08:33,625
-We want negotiation!
-Comrades...
2392
02:08:33,792 --> 02:08:37,250
-We want negotiation.
-Hey, just a moment!
2393
02:08:37,417 --> 02:08:38,708
Just a moment, damn it!
2394
02:08:39,750 --> 02:08:41,708
-Please!
-Hey!
2395
02:08:43,833 --> 02:08:45,250
Please, comrades.
2396
02:08:46,292 --> 02:08:47,833
-Barrabas!
-Negotiation!
2397
02:08:47,999 --> 02:08:50,292
-Will you shut up a moment?
-Shut up for a moment!
2398
02:08:50,458 --> 02:08:51,625
-Hey!
-Don't shout.
2399
02:08:51,792 --> 02:08:54,167
I say that if they let us go,
2400
02:08:54,333 --> 02:08:56,542
we'll meet with the Bazán people.
We're not leaving.
2401
02:08:56,708 --> 02:09:00,708
They let us meet the Bazán people
or we're not leaving here.
2402
02:09:00,875 --> 02:09:03,250
-It's an alternative.
-We came in peace, guys!
2403
02:09:07,792 --> 02:09:09,083
Sons of bitches!
2404
02:09:14,417 --> 02:09:17,333
They will not close... the foundry!
2405
02:09:17,542 --> 02:09:20,750
They will not close... the foundry!
2406
02:09:20,917 --> 02:09:23,875
They will not close... the foundry!
2407
02:09:24,000 --> 02:09:26,875
They will not close... the foundry!
2408
02:09:32,417 --> 02:09:34,000
Fuck, they got me!
2409
02:09:50,750 --> 02:09:52,792
Sons of bitches!
2410
02:09:52,958 --> 02:09:55,917
-Look, look!
-Sons of bitches!
2411
02:10:00,833 --> 02:10:03,750
We came in peace, man!
2412
02:10:14,999 --> 02:10:16,125
Lies!
2413
02:11:28,458 --> 02:11:32,458
Throw it at him, at him!
Go on, throw it!
2414
02:11:32,667 --> 02:11:34,625
Don't just stand there, throw it!
2415
02:12:22,958 --> 02:12:26,958
AGAINST THE CRISIS,
WORKER UNITY AND STRUGGLE
2416
02:12:39,042 --> 02:12:40,083
Sheep!
2417
02:13:08,917 --> 02:13:12,167
REFUSE MILTARY SERVICE
2418
02:13:12,333 --> 02:13:15,125
Sons of bitches!
2419
02:13:15,917 --> 02:13:17,583
Sons of bitches!
2420
02:13:18,667 --> 02:13:20,542
Sons of bitches!
2421
02:13:23,417 --> 02:13:33,042
HERE THE LIGHT OF THE GOSPEL
WAS BORN FOR SPAIN
2422
02:15:10,750 --> 02:15:13,042
The oil crises of 1973 and 1978
caused a change
2423
02:15:13,208 --> 02:15:16,292
in the industrial productive model
of the Western countries.
2424
02:15:16,458 --> 02:15:19,917
The policies of deindustrialization
would be applied later in Spain
2425
02:15:20,042 --> 02:15:23,250
because the country was in the middle
of the transition process
2426
02:15:23,417 --> 02:15:27,000
from the dictatorship of Francisco Franco
to a parliamentary monarchy.
2427
02:15:27,167 --> 02:15:30,208
The conversion measures
of the vast Spanish industrial sector
2428
02:15:30,375 --> 02:15:33,708
were carried out in the decade
of the 80s by the Socialist Party.
2429
02:15:33,875 --> 02:15:37,000
The application of these measures was,
in addition, a requisite
2430
02:15:37,167 --> 02:15:40,667
of the European Economic Community,
which Spain would enter in 1986.
2431
02:15:40,833 --> 02:15:44,292
The conversion affected hundreds
of thousands of jobs all over Spain.
2432
02:15:44,458 --> 02:15:46,167
The restructuring would take place
2433
02:15:46,333 --> 02:15:49,875
through the modernization
of installations, privatization or closure.
2434
02:15:50,875 --> 02:15:53,917
At the end of 1991 the city of Cartagena
faced a systemic crisis
2435
02:15:54,042 --> 02:15:56,708
due to the threat of a chain of shutdowns
of various factories.
2436
02:15:56,875 --> 02:15:58,458
Santa Lucía Lead Smelter.
2437
02:15:58,625 --> 02:16:01,999
Belonging to the Sociedad Minero Metalúrgica
Peñarroya, founded in 1881
2438
02:16:02,125 --> 02:16:04,958
with French capital
and with work centres all over Spain.
2439
02:16:05,083 --> 02:16:08,042
It had been sold to the French-German
multinational Metaleurop,
2440
02:16:08,208 --> 02:16:11,292
which decided on proceedings
for the total termination of jobs.
2441
02:16:11,458 --> 02:16:13,625
Fesa, Enfersa and Asur,
fertilizer producers.
2442
02:16:13,792 --> 02:16:17,125
They had been sold by the Ministry
of Industry to the Ercros/Kio group,
2443
02:16:17,292 --> 02:16:21,625
which had ceased to pay its suppliers
and planned on eliminating several work centres.
2444
02:16:21,792 --> 02:16:22,833
Empresa Nacional Bazán.
2445
02:16:22,999 --> 02:16:26,875
A shipyard of the Spanish Navy present in Ferrol,
Cádiz and Cartagena since 1751.
2446
02:16:27,000 --> 02:16:30,250
The Cartagena factory faced alone
Employment Regulation Proceedings
2447
02:16:30,417 --> 02:16:34,125
that foresaw the dismantling of the factory
and affected half of the staff.
2448
02:16:37,250 --> 02:16:39,625
LEAD FOUNDRY
SANTA LUCÍA-PEÑARROYA
2449
02:16:39,792 --> 02:16:43,042
We never wanted to believe
it would happen.
2450
02:16:43,208 --> 02:16:43,917
Sure.
2451
02:16:44,042 --> 02:16:45,375
We did all the actions,
2452
02:16:45,583 --> 02:16:48,292
all the demonstrations,
all the mobilizations.
2453
02:16:48,667 --> 02:16:51,708
We did everything imaginable
2454
02:16:51,875 --> 02:16:55,000
to avoid the chaos and catastrophe
2455
02:16:55,167 --> 02:16:56,750
that it meant for all of us.
2456
02:16:57,458 --> 02:17:00,375
When did you see that
the company was in danger?
2457
02:17:00,583 --> 02:17:03,500
-When did you think...?
-I never saw it.
2458
02:17:03,667 --> 02:17:06,708
It was closed,
I never saw it or believed it.
2459
02:17:06,875 --> 02:17:09,833
When Peñarroya merged
with the Germans,
2460
02:17:09,999 --> 02:17:12,917
who created Metaleurop,
we started to...
2461
02:17:13,042 --> 02:17:15,750
What year was it? '88? '89?
2462
02:17:17,250 --> 02:17:21,125
-'89-90. Around there.
-Yes, '89-90.
2463
02:17:21,292 --> 02:17:24,833
Imagine: We were working
in a place
2464
02:17:24,999 --> 02:17:26,583
that gave us our daily bread,
2465
02:17:26,750 --> 02:17:29,708
where we did our jobs,
2466
02:17:29,875 --> 02:17:33,292
where we understood,
at a technical level,
2467
02:17:33,458 --> 02:17:37,250
that with certain measures
air pollution could be avoided.
2468
02:17:37,417 --> 02:17:40,583
And at a social level,
because we all have worker
2469
02:17:40,750 --> 02:17:42,208
and citizen consciousness,
2470
02:17:42,375 --> 02:17:45,667
we were fighting against
the same air pollution.
2471
02:17:46,167 --> 02:17:48,292
So, working in the foundry...
2472
02:17:48,458 --> 02:17:51,042
I don't know if you recall,
I wasn't on the committee,
2473
02:17:51,208 --> 02:17:54,208
Rebollo called me in
just to "rattle" me
2474
02:17:54,375 --> 02:17:56,583
in front of the company committee.
2475
02:17:56,750 --> 02:17:59,125
You guys weren't on
the committee yet,
2476
02:17:59,292 --> 02:18:02,917
but it was to scare us, saying:
"You're going to lose your jobs
2477
02:18:03,042 --> 02:18:07,167
because the Council wants
to watch us closely."
2478
02:18:07,458 --> 02:18:11,042
There was even the contradiction
that I was on duty
2479
02:18:11,208 --> 02:18:14,083
in the foundry
2480
02:18:14,250 --> 02:18:17,667
and my wife and two children
2481
02:18:17,833 --> 02:18:21,833
were in the other part
accusing us of poisoning them.
2482
02:18:22,042 --> 02:18:25,000
You had to swallow
these contradictions...
2483
02:18:25,167 --> 02:18:28,000
...and I did.
2484
02:18:28,167 --> 02:18:31,250
But one issue that you always
conveyed to us was that
2485
02:18:31,417 --> 02:18:33,208
it was implausible
2486
02:18:33,375 --> 02:18:35,667
to think that the company
was in danger
2487
02:18:35,833 --> 02:18:39,292
while it was investing
a lot of money.
2488
02:18:39,458 --> 02:18:42,417
What were the improvements
the company was introducing?
2489
02:18:42,625 --> 02:18:45,708
Technology, for instance.
2490
02:18:45,875 --> 02:18:49,708
Even on the day of closure,
we switched...
2491
02:18:49,875 --> 02:18:52,042
from fuel oil,
2492
02:18:52,208 --> 02:18:55,292
with a high sulphur content,
to natural gas.
2493
02:18:55,458 --> 02:18:58,708
That was another
multi-million investment.
2494
02:18:59,875 --> 02:19:02,792
We put in gas burners
and automation
2495
02:19:04,083 --> 02:19:05,542
a fortnight before
2496
02:19:05,708 --> 02:19:09,417
in the last two boilers down the end.
2497
02:19:09,625 --> 02:19:12,917
So, up to the last moment
they were investing
2498
02:19:13,042 --> 02:19:15,750
and looking to fight pollution too.
2499
02:19:15,917 --> 02:19:18,875
I don't know if
it was confidentially or not,
2500
02:19:19,000 --> 02:19:22,125
but they continued to present
studies to the Council
2501
02:19:22,292 --> 02:19:25,000
and the Autonomous Community,
asking for subsidies
2502
02:19:25,167 --> 02:19:27,958
to carry on fighting pollution.
2503
02:19:28,083 --> 02:19:30,833
Though you were anxious inside,
2504
02:19:30,999 --> 02:19:32,999
you always held out hope.
2505
02:19:33,125 --> 02:19:35,167
We fought so hard because
2506
02:19:35,333 --> 02:19:37,292
we didn't believe
it was going to close,
2507
02:19:37,458 --> 02:19:41,125
or we would've accepted defeat.
And we weren't defeated.
2508
02:19:41,417 --> 02:19:44,833
We told them to keep the dismissal
compensation so we could keep working,
2509
02:19:44,999 --> 02:19:47,083
starting from scratch,
2510
02:19:47,250 --> 02:19:48,999
that the money was for that purpose.
2511
02:19:49,125 --> 02:19:50,917
They never agreed to that,
2512
02:19:51,042 --> 02:19:53,208
they wanted to destroy the foundry.
2513
02:19:53,375 --> 02:19:56,042
There couldn't be
a competing foundry.
2514
02:19:56,208 --> 02:19:59,125
Their studies were certain,
their decision had been taken.
2515
02:19:59,292 --> 02:20:03,250
Lead, at the time,
had to be made in Germany
2516
02:20:03,417 --> 02:20:07,125
and not in Spain. This had to be
crushed no matter what.
2517
02:20:07,542 --> 02:20:11,542
We held 186 or 187 demonstrations
2518
02:20:12,375 --> 02:20:16,208
from January to June,
2519
02:20:16,375 --> 02:20:18,542
June 10th, when it closed.
2520
02:20:18,708 --> 02:20:21,583
We held 186 demonstrations
around the city,
2521
02:20:21,750 --> 02:20:25,750
some in Murcia and one in Madrid.
2522
02:20:25,917 --> 02:20:27,542
And one in Madrid.
2523
02:20:27,708 --> 02:20:31,542
Of these, 117 were continuous,
not a day was missed.
2524
02:20:31,917 --> 02:20:35,333
We'd walked so often down the road,
2525
02:20:35,542 --> 02:20:37,999
telling the cars to turn around,
2526
02:20:38,125 --> 02:20:40,792
that there was a demonstration
and who we were that,
2527
02:20:40,958 --> 02:20:43,833
when it all closed
2528
02:20:43,999 --> 02:20:47,042
and we were "normal" people,
I'd still walk
2529
02:20:47,208 --> 02:20:49,999
down the middle of the road
and my kids would grab me:
2530
02:20:50,125 --> 02:20:53,333
"Get on the pavement,
you'll get run over."
2531
02:20:54,250 --> 02:20:56,958
-That was the road we took...
-That was the route.
2532
02:20:57,083 --> 02:21:01,000
...we set out on for the mobilization.
2533
02:21:01,167 --> 02:21:02,958
We were the company
2534
02:21:03,083 --> 02:21:05,292
that held the most mobilizations.
2535
02:21:05,458 --> 02:21:08,958
Among these lies, fallacies,
deceit and the whole story,
2536
02:21:10,958 --> 02:21:13,333
the conflict emerged,
2537
02:21:13,542 --> 02:21:16,999
the desire to set fire to
what was in the way.
2538
02:21:17,125 --> 02:21:20,583
Our job was at stake
and the bread for our children.
2539
02:21:20,750 --> 02:21:23,042
And this kidding around
2540
02:21:23,208 --> 02:21:24,999
and this playing with us
2541
02:21:25,125 --> 02:21:28,167
by the company, the politicians,
by everybody,
2542
02:21:28,333 --> 02:21:31,583
raised, increased the...
2543
02:21:31,750 --> 02:21:35,417
There was trouble with Renfe,
with cutting off the streets,
2544
02:21:35,625 --> 02:21:38,250
-with the burning of the parliament.
-Everything.
2545
02:21:38,417 --> 02:21:42,083
It all came together: the regulation
proceedings of Bazán, Ercros,
2546
02:21:42,250 --> 02:21:45,750
CAMISA, who fired all the workers...
2547
02:21:45,917 --> 02:21:49,292
It all came together.
And it was all unleashed.
2548
02:21:49,458 --> 02:21:52,542
And the escalation was suicidal,
2549
02:21:52,708 --> 02:21:55,667
because after the parliament burning,
other things weren't covered.
2550
02:21:55,833 --> 02:21:59,375
This guy was going
to get 20 years in jail
2551
02:21:59,583 --> 02:22:01,292
because we set fire to Renfe
2552
02:22:01,458 --> 02:22:05,125
and for 3 or 4 days no trains
came into Cartagena.
2553
02:22:05,292 --> 02:22:08,542
We burnt the whole station.
Subsequent to that,
2554
02:22:08,708 --> 02:22:11,250
we cut off the soldiers...
In Cartagena,
2555
02:22:11,417 --> 02:22:13,917
we stopped people
from boarding three ships,
2556
02:22:14,042 --> 02:22:16,625
because we cut off
the road to the port
2557
02:22:16,792 --> 02:22:18,750
and they didn't want
to take them on boats.
2558
02:22:18,917 --> 02:22:21,583
Not one soldier got past there.
2559
02:22:21,750 --> 02:22:24,625
The Guardia Civil had to kill us
if they wanted them to cross.
2560
02:22:24,792 --> 02:22:26,292
They were watching the escalation.
2561
02:22:26,458 --> 02:22:29,708
We set tyres on fire in the tunnel...
2562
02:22:29,875 --> 02:22:31,292
If we'd carried on like that...
2563
02:22:31,458 --> 02:22:34,958
I feel bad about that
and later regretted it.
2564
02:22:35,083 --> 02:22:37,750
We were becoming true terrorists,
2565
02:22:37,917 --> 02:22:39,917
we did whatever we had to.
2566
02:22:44,999 --> 02:22:47,750
I was 25 at the time
2567
02:22:47,917 --> 02:22:50,667
and saw that all my co-workers
were very nervous.
2568
02:22:50,833 --> 02:22:53,250
As I was the youngest,
I didn't have the fear
2569
02:22:53,417 --> 02:22:56,750
that I saw in the men
of 40 or 50 years old
2570
02:22:56,917 --> 02:23:00,083
who until this time were relaxed,
comfortable, happy
2571
02:23:00,250 --> 02:23:01,333
and secure.
2572
02:23:01,542 --> 02:23:05,167
I began to see insecurity,
unhappiness and nervousness.
2573
02:23:05,333 --> 02:23:07,792
I began to see a lot of
sickness, social unrest,
2574
02:23:07,958 --> 02:23:11,833
nervous, restless people.
2575
02:23:11,999 --> 02:23:14,250
All conversation revolved around that.
2576
02:23:14,417 --> 02:23:16,875
Joy had gone,
now there was fear.
2577
02:23:17,000 --> 02:23:21,000
There was constant unrest
and it showed in everything,
2578
02:23:21,167 --> 02:23:24,667
even at the football.
Signs appeared at the football
2579
02:23:24,833 --> 02:23:27,958
that they'd closed
some company or other.
2580
02:23:28,083 --> 02:23:31,250
You'd walk around Cartagena
and see guys
2581
02:23:31,417 --> 02:23:34,208
who'd held up signs because
another company was closed.
2582
02:23:34,375 --> 02:23:37,417
There were 127 demonstrations
in 180 days.
2583
02:23:37,625 --> 02:23:39,583
Check it out. That's a ton.
2584
02:23:39,750 --> 02:23:41,375
127 mobilizations
2585
02:23:41,583 --> 02:23:44,083
in 180 days, no less.
2586
02:23:44,250 --> 02:23:46,542
There was something every day.
In the morning or evening,
2587
02:23:46,708 --> 02:23:50,583
on one street or another,
one group or another, or together.
2588
02:23:50,958 --> 02:23:52,833
People didn't jump at the first scare.
2589
02:23:52,999 --> 02:23:55,667
We endured one set of proceedings,
than another...
2590
02:23:55,833 --> 02:23:58,292
They weren't as traumatic,
2591
02:23:58,458 --> 02:24:00,375
people were retiring
2592
02:24:00,583 --> 02:24:03,292
or you were put on the dole
a few months, certain you'd be back.
2593
02:24:03,458 --> 02:24:06,292
They'd put you on the dole
for 3 or 4 months,
2594
02:24:06,458 --> 02:24:09,708
you were the famous "regulated ones",
on work regulation,
2595
02:24:09,875 --> 02:24:11,999
and they'd say: "You, in January,
February and March don't come."
2596
02:24:12,125 --> 02:24:14,792
You were paid the dole,
you'd lose out a little...
2597
02:24:15,958 --> 02:24:19,917
but you could take it.
The problem wasn't the first, second...
2598
02:24:20,042 --> 02:24:22,458
but the sixth proceedings,
2599
02:24:22,667 --> 02:24:26,667
when you'd used up
all the unemployment benefits.
2600
02:24:26,917 --> 02:24:30,750
There was a risk of even
losing unemployment benefits
2601
02:24:30,917 --> 02:24:33,708
and the next step was the abyss,
complete loss of employment,
2602
02:24:33,875 --> 02:24:37,792
that they'd fire you,
having used up your benefits.
2603
02:24:37,958 --> 02:24:40,833
The Ferrol, Cartagena and San Fernando
shipyards began to fight each other,
2604
02:24:40,999 --> 02:24:44,999
the three factories where
the old Bazán is set up,
2605
02:24:45,167 --> 02:24:47,083
for the little work there was.
2606
02:24:47,250 --> 02:24:48,708
That's when politics came in.
2607
02:24:48,875 --> 02:24:51,083
In Galicia
they had Manuel Fraga Iribarne,
2608
02:24:51,250 --> 02:24:53,375
the president of
the Galician Government,
2609
02:24:53,583 --> 02:24:57,458
a heavyweight in the Partido Popular
that Moncloa was afraid of.
2610
02:24:57,667 --> 02:25:01,125
In Cádiz they had Carmen Romero,
the wife of the President.
2611
02:25:02,458 --> 02:25:05,667
She was untouchable too.
That left Cartagena. Who did we have?
2612
02:25:05,833 --> 02:25:08,667
The President of Murcia,
Carlos Collado Mena,
2613
02:25:08,833 --> 02:25:10,208
who had no clout in Madrid.
2614
02:25:10,375 --> 02:25:12,833
He simply had no clout in Madrid.
2615
02:25:13,125 --> 02:25:16,792
Murcia had no clout among
the autonomous communities
2616
02:25:16,958 --> 02:25:20,083
in the Spanish state
and our interests weren't a priority.
2617
02:25:20,250 --> 02:25:23,042
There had to be Employment
Regulation Proceedings? For whom?
2618
02:25:23,208 --> 02:25:25,042
Exclusively, the Cartagena factory,
2619
02:25:25,208 --> 02:25:27,917
while the factories of Ferrol
and Cádiz were saved.
2620
02:25:28,417 --> 02:25:30,917
All this built up rage
and frustration in you,
2621
02:25:31,042 --> 02:25:33,792
in the final months of '91,
where not only the worker
2622
02:25:33,958 --> 02:25:36,917
but the Cartagena citizen,
was watching their city getting fucked.
2623
02:25:37,999 --> 02:25:40,958
They're ruining the city,
the whole city was under attack.
2624
02:25:41,083 --> 02:25:44,042
It's important to understand this
because it explains what happened later.
2625
02:25:44,208 --> 02:25:47,333
It wasn't just one workers' group,
the entire citizenry
2626
02:25:47,542 --> 02:25:50,792
felt under attack.
The businesses and bars saw
2627
02:25:50,958 --> 02:25:53,875
that if the city's salaries were lost,
they'd lose their income too.
2628
02:25:54,000 --> 02:25:57,125
So there was a real solidarity,
it wasn't a tall tale.
2629
02:25:57,292 --> 02:26:00,333
The bars and small businesses said:
2630
02:26:00,542 --> 02:26:03,417
"There can't be one closing
after another."
2631
02:26:03,625 --> 02:26:06,583
There was a collective feeling
of being crushed,
2632
02:26:06,750 --> 02:26:09,208
which worsened because it was '92.
2633
02:26:09,375 --> 02:26:12,042
'92 was the lavish,
wonderful year of Spain:
2634
02:26:12,292 --> 02:26:14,125
the Barcelona Olympics
2635
02:26:14,292 --> 02:26:16,417
and the Seville Expo.
2636
02:26:16,625 --> 02:26:19,625
All very pretty, a country
all rosy, a wonderland.
2637
02:26:19,792 --> 02:26:22,999
And your city was fucked
and they were ruining your life.
2638
02:26:23,125 --> 02:26:25,417
You'd turn on the TV
and it was a wonderland.
2639
02:26:25,625 --> 02:26:29,167
Barcelona 92, Seville 92
and you say "What about Cartagena?
2640
02:26:29,333 --> 02:26:31,917
And Huelva? And Vigo?
And Sagunto, what?"
2641
02:26:32,042 --> 02:26:35,708
They say nothing unites people
like adversity. That's true.
2642
02:26:35,875 --> 02:26:38,208
Since we were fucked,
we got together.
2643
02:26:38,375 --> 02:26:41,917
You'll have seen the videos,
the songs in the demonstrations.
2644
02:26:42,042 --> 02:26:44,250
There was always
some kidding, some humour.
2645
02:26:45,292 --> 02:26:48,167
The first weeks that prevailed,
2646
02:26:48,333 --> 02:26:50,250
but as the conflict got harsher,
2647
02:26:50,417 --> 02:26:52,542
that humour turned to fear,
2648
02:26:52,708 --> 02:26:54,958
and fear turns to anger,
anger turns to violence.
2649
02:26:55,999 --> 02:26:58,875
You end up in a ball of violence
you don't want to be in.
2650
02:26:59,000 --> 02:27:01,792
You don't want to be in it,
but you're in a mob
2651
02:27:01,958 --> 02:27:04,167
that's throwing rocks at
the police, breaking glass
2652
02:27:04,333 --> 02:27:06,833
or setting fire to skips
and you're in it saying:
2653
02:27:06,999 --> 02:27:09,083
"Fuck, where am I?"
It can't be any other way,
2654
02:27:09,250 --> 02:27:12,000
the people setting fire
to a skip are right,
2655
02:27:12,167 --> 02:27:14,708
the people breaking glass are right,
2656
02:27:15,708 --> 02:27:18,333
as are the people throwing rocks
at that poor cop,
2657
02:27:18,542 --> 02:27:21,375
because he's as unfortunate
as we are, damn it.
2658
02:27:21,583 --> 02:27:24,999
But the guy hitting the cop
is right, that's the way it is.
2659
02:27:25,125 --> 02:27:28,542
You justify things that in normal
circumstances, you wouldn't.
2660
02:27:28,708 --> 02:27:31,000
You had to because it was
the bread of your children,
2661
02:27:31,167 --> 02:27:33,167
your brother, your cousin,
your father, your neighbours.
2662
02:27:46,417 --> 02:27:48,125
How did it all start?
2663
02:27:48,292 --> 02:27:51,375
The city had a lot of large firms
2664
02:27:51,667 --> 02:27:54,250
with a national reach.
2665
02:27:54,417 --> 02:27:57,292
We're talking about something
called the INI,
2666
02:27:57,750 --> 02:27:59,708
which had a load of companies.
2667
02:28:00,250 --> 02:28:03,167
The Instituto Nacional de Industria
were public companies
2668
02:28:03,333 --> 02:28:06,083
where the workers
were public workers
2669
02:28:06,250 --> 02:28:08,250
and were thus considered
civil servants.
2670
02:28:08,417 --> 02:28:11,250
I never liked that the workers
in these industries
2671
02:28:11,417 --> 02:28:13,917
were considered civil servants.
2672
02:28:14,042 --> 02:28:18,000
They felt that security.
2673
02:28:18,167 --> 02:28:22,167
We had Bazán, we had mining
2674
02:28:22,333 --> 02:28:24,417
from the period of the Romans,
2675
02:28:24,625 --> 02:28:26,958
we had lead smelting,
2676
02:28:27,083 --> 02:28:31,042
we had a factory devoted to zinc,
2677
02:28:31,208 --> 02:28:34,333
the Española del Zinc,
which also produced sulphurs.
2678
02:28:34,542 --> 02:28:37,000
Then we had three
major centres of fertilizers
2679
02:28:37,167 --> 02:28:41,999
that covered a range of
fertilizer-related products.
2680
02:28:42,125 --> 02:28:46,792
"Fertilizers" were classified
2681
02:28:46,958 --> 02:28:48,875
as a strategic sector,
2682
02:28:49,000 --> 02:28:52,750
that is, it had special protection
because in Spain
2683
02:28:52,917 --> 02:28:56,542
agriculture is still
2684
02:28:56,708 --> 02:28:58,417
a large part of the GDP.
2685
02:28:58,625 --> 02:29:02,208
What was the aim of making
"Fertilizers" a strategic sector?
2686
02:29:02,375 --> 02:29:04,917
The aim was that
the prices of fertilizers
2687
02:29:05,042 --> 02:29:08,250
for farmers were controlled
2688
02:29:08,417 --> 02:29:10,667
in such a way that
agricultural production
2689
02:29:10,833 --> 02:29:13,292
didn't depend on rising
or falling prices.
2690
02:29:14,333 --> 02:29:17,333
The time
for industrial reconversion came,
2691
02:29:17,542 --> 02:29:20,958
we joined the European agreements,
2692
02:29:21,083 --> 02:29:23,625
and it was decided that
sector had to be reconverted.
2693
02:29:24,000 --> 02:29:27,292
So a plan was made,
a plan negotiated
2694
02:29:27,458 --> 02:29:30,208
between the Government,
2695
02:29:30,375 --> 02:29:32,542
businesses and unions
2696
02:29:32,708 --> 02:29:35,083
to restructure
2697
02:29:35,250 --> 02:29:37,417
or reconvert the sector
in a rational way.
2698
02:29:37,625 --> 02:29:41,625
This sector had direct employment
of over 100,000 people.
2699
02:29:42,042 --> 02:29:43,458
It was no joke.
2700
02:29:44,292 --> 02:29:48,292
What was done?
There were concentrations of companies,
2701
02:29:48,875 --> 02:29:52,375
some closing, others opening,
2702
02:29:52,583 --> 02:29:55,708
the modernization of facilities,
there were retirements...
2703
02:29:55,875 --> 02:29:59,000
An industrial plan was made
2704
02:29:59,167 --> 02:30:00,625
on development and employment.
2705
02:30:00,792 --> 02:30:03,708
The basic aim?
To maintain the sector,
2706
02:30:03,875 --> 02:30:06,875
a strong Spanish fertilizer sector
so that agriculture in Spain
2707
02:30:07,000 --> 02:30:09,458
was not subject to
2708
02:30:09,667 --> 02:30:11,208
the ups and downs of the market...
2709
02:30:12,250 --> 02:30:14,958
and at the same time
to rationalize as much as possible.
2710
02:30:17,125 --> 02:30:20,750
I remember in summer 1990
2711
02:30:21,792 --> 02:30:24,583
I was in a camping ground,
2712
02:30:24,750 --> 02:30:26,750
having a quiet summer,
excited because
2713
02:30:26,917 --> 02:30:29,375
we'd just signed the Industrial
Employment and Development Plan,
2714
02:30:29,583 --> 02:30:31,999
the PIDE, as it was known.
2715
02:30:32,125 --> 02:30:35,833
I'd gone on holiday with my family
to Bolnuevo, in Mazarrón.
2716
02:30:36,875 --> 02:30:39,999
We were camping there,
with my two little ones,
2717
02:30:40,125 --> 02:30:43,417
and I'd get up early every morning
to buy the paper.
2718
02:30:43,625 --> 02:30:46,125
I liked going to the beach
at 8:30.
2719
02:30:46,292 --> 02:30:49,083
I was there at 8:30,
sitting and reading,
2720
02:30:49,250 --> 02:30:52,583
and I see that KIO
has landed in Spain...
2721
02:30:53,625 --> 02:30:56,375
and bought Explosivos Río Tinto.
2722
02:30:56,583 --> 02:30:58,999
It was the largest
2723
02:30:59,125 --> 02:31:01,417
chemical group in the country.
2724
02:31:01,750 --> 02:31:03,917
KIO was a major investment group,
2725
02:31:04,042 --> 02:31:06,958
but very much a speculator.
2726
02:31:07,083 --> 02:31:10,875
In fact, when they went to England,
Thatcher...
2727
02:31:12,333 --> 02:31:16,125
from the English "communist" party...
Remember her?
2728
02:31:16,292 --> 02:31:17,375
Well, Thatcher,
2729
02:31:17,583 --> 02:31:20,458
influenced by her "communist" ideas,
2730
02:31:20,667 --> 02:31:23,958
decided that they couldn't have
over 25% of any place.
2731
02:31:24,958 --> 02:31:27,917
Here they were told
they could do what they wanted,
2732
02:31:28,042 --> 02:31:29,792
and they took most of it.
2733
02:31:29,958 --> 02:31:31,583
And the Government,
good old Solchaga,
2734
02:31:33,333 --> 02:31:35,792
decided...
2735
02:31:37,000 --> 02:31:40,167
"Why don't they take
the whole sector?"
2736
02:31:40,750 --> 02:31:43,167
Just imagine what
that meant for people who,
2737
02:31:43,333 --> 02:31:46,250
up to the day before,
had been part of the INI,
2738
02:31:48,042 --> 02:31:51,000
who'd signed agreements
as a part of the INI.
2739
02:31:52,833 --> 02:31:56,542
They'd signed agreements with
the Ministry of Industry.
2740
02:31:56,708 --> 02:31:58,417
And so had we,
2741
02:31:58,625 --> 02:32:01,458
the private part as well.
2742
02:32:02,792 --> 02:32:06,208
And it was all lost.
Suddenly these fellows turn up,
2743
02:32:07,333 --> 02:32:09,917
they keep the 60 billion pesetas,
2744
02:32:10,042 --> 02:32:12,542
they don't concentrate the firms,
2745
02:32:12,708 --> 02:32:14,917
they don't invest,
2746
02:32:15,042 --> 02:32:18,042
and then, by chance,
2747
02:32:18,208 --> 02:32:22,000
they propose early sackings
in those fertilizer companies.
2748
02:32:22,167 --> 02:32:25,917
They're very old companies,
very much inside the old section.
2749
02:32:26,042 --> 02:32:28,792
KIO presents work regulation
2750
02:32:28,958 --> 02:32:33,625
for all those with land in the cities
that could be sold.
2751
02:32:34,167 --> 02:32:35,708
Imagine it:
2752
02:32:35,875 --> 02:32:39,833
the negotiating tables don't work,
2753
02:32:39,999 --> 02:32:43,667
the reports from Employment
2754
02:32:43,833 --> 02:32:46,125
are all negative for the Proceedings
2755
02:32:46,292 --> 02:32:48,000
because the work inspectors
2756
02:32:48,167 --> 02:32:50,667
knew there were commitments
that had to be met.
2757
02:32:50,833 --> 02:32:54,083
When you buy a company,
you buy workers and commitments,
2758
02:32:54,250 --> 02:32:57,125
just as you purchase the debts
and keep the profits.
2759
02:32:57,292 --> 02:32:59,458
You buy everything.
2760
02:32:59,917 --> 02:33:02,750
The reconversion was done on paper...
2761
02:33:03,875 --> 02:33:06,042
and it was all proper.
2762
02:33:06,208 --> 02:33:09,250
Then KIO turned up
2763
02:33:09,417 --> 02:33:12,708
and made good old De la Rosa
its boss in Spain.
2764
02:33:12,875 --> 02:33:14,792
I'll say it again, he's a crook.
2765
02:33:14,958 --> 02:33:17,999
I said he was then
and I'll say it now...
2766
02:33:18,125 --> 02:33:20,292
He's a real crook.
2767
02:33:20,458 --> 02:33:23,625
I didn't feel bad at all
when he asked to leave prison
2768
02:33:23,792 --> 02:33:25,458
because he was really sick.
2769
02:33:26,542 --> 02:33:29,292
I would've taken him to see
all the people he hurt,
2770
02:33:29,458 --> 02:33:32,167
because lots of people
had to go to mental hospitals,
2771
02:33:32,333 --> 02:33:36,625
they had to stop their kids
from finishing degrees,
2772
02:33:36,792 --> 02:33:39,458
or if they studied abroad,
they had to come back.
2773
02:33:39,667 --> 02:33:43,625
People get sick when they
haven't made any money in 3 months,
2774
02:33:43,792 --> 02:33:47,083
while he's on a yacht
worth millions of euros
2775
02:33:47,250 --> 02:33:49,667
going down the Cantabrian coast.
2776
02:33:51,042 --> 02:33:54,250
Imagine how little I cared
that the fucker was sick.
2777
02:33:54,417 --> 02:33:57,750
Excuse the expression,
but he deserves it.
2778
02:33:58,792 --> 02:34:00,458
It could've been done right.
2779
02:34:00,667 --> 02:34:04,083
In fact, it was set up
to be done right.
2780
02:34:04,250 --> 02:34:08,083
The thing is, I get it,
2781
02:34:08,250 --> 02:34:09,708
the rush to join Europe...
2782
02:34:09,875 --> 02:34:13,875
And I'm not denying the importance
of Spain joining Europe.
2783
02:34:14,375 --> 02:34:16,292
People my age
2784
02:34:16,458 --> 02:34:19,417
knew the Spain of '75
and how it is now.
2785
02:34:19,625 --> 02:34:22,417
You can't compare the infrastructure,
2786
02:34:23,875 --> 02:34:27,875
the hospitals, lots of services,
universities and such.
2787
02:34:28,000 --> 02:34:30,000
We made a huge leap forward.
2788
02:34:30,875 --> 02:34:34,167
We started to go out and protest
2789
02:34:34,333 --> 02:34:35,917
about the situation.
2790
02:34:36,042 --> 02:34:38,750
If I'm out for 150 days
2791
02:34:39,792 --> 02:34:41,833
demonstrating peacefully...
2792
02:34:43,000 --> 02:34:45,583
and I get silence as an answer...
2793
02:34:45,750 --> 02:34:48,417
I go to see the person
who represents me,
2794
02:34:48,625 --> 02:34:52,125
which was, unfortunately,
a long-standing friend of mine,
2795
02:34:52,292 --> 02:34:54,042
José Antonio Alonso,
2796
02:34:55,375 --> 02:35:01,833
the Mayor of Cartagena,
wasn't responsible for
2797
02:35:01,999 --> 02:35:04,042
the non-fulfilment of the plans.
2798
02:35:05,167 --> 02:35:08,542
All he's responsible for is
taking the side of citizens
2799
02:35:08,708 --> 02:35:11,083
and saying: "I'm with you,
I support you,
2800
02:35:11,250 --> 02:35:13,542
and any way I can
I'm going to request
2801
02:35:13,708 --> 02:35:16,458
that the agreements are fulfilled."
That's all he had to do.
2802
02:35:16,667 --> 02:35:20,625
If he turns his back
and won't meet with you...
2803
02:35:20,792 --> 02:35:22,958
It's not that we won't meet you,
he hides away.
2804
02:35:25,083 --> 02:35:27,750
One day he arranged to
meet us in the Council.
2805
02:35:27,917 --> 02:35:30,250
The Municipal Police tell us:
2806
02:35:30,417 --> 02:35:34,292
"Paco, he's upstairs,
but he's hiding in his office."
2807
02:35:34,458 --> 02:35:37,792
He lets me into the Council
through a side entrance,
2808
02:35:37,958 --> 02:35:40,999
I go up to his office,
and talk him into coming down.
2809
02:35:41,125 --> 02:35:42,917
It's filmed on TeleCartagena.
2810
02:35:43,042 --> 02:35:45,208
He comes down with me
to read a statement
2811
02:35:45,375 --> 02:35:47,999
the we'd drafted two days before
2812
02:35:48,125 --> 02:35:51,417
and he couldn't because
his hands were shaking.
2813
02:35:51,625 --> 02:35:53,750
He was a Socialist mayor
2814
02:35:53,917 --> 02:35:56,833
who was with friends
of 20 or 30 years
2815
02:35:57,999 --> 02:36:00,042
to talk to the workers.
2816
02:36:00,208 --> 02:36:03,833
Over half of them there
had voted for him...
2817
02:36:04,875 --> 02:36:08,167
and he was hiding because
he was following superior orders.
2818
02:36:09,292 --> 02:36:12,875
Do you know how a guy feels
when he's in that situation?
2819
02:36:14,875 --> 02:36:18,875
Do you know how he feels,
a family man, 4 kids, 49 years old,
2820
02:36:19,333 --> 02:36:22,458
who fought for 20 years
against Francoism,
2821
02:36:22,667 --> 02:36:25,792
who has a Socialist
or Comisiones Obreras card,
2822
02:36:25,958 --> 02:36:30,000
in front of the guy who voted for him
because he was left-wing,
2823
02:36:30,167 --> 02:36:32,833
and this mayor is hiding
in his office?
2824
02:36:32,999 --> 02:36:36,375
Do you know how that feels?
It's terrifying.
2825
02:36:38,208 --> 02:36:41,000
You feel like you've been
deceived your whole life,
2826
02:36:41,167 --> 02:36:43,875
that the time you spent in jail
or the beatings you took,
2827
02:36:44,000 --> 02:36:46,875
weren't worth a thing.
2828
02:36:48,042 --> 02:36:49,458
And after that, what?
2829
02:36:49,667 --> 02:36:53,250
Do you go home relaxed
as if nothing happened here?
2830
02:36:53,417 --> 02:36:55,542
"Poor guy, he can't see us."
2831
02:36:57,250 --> 02:36:59,083
It's been...
2832
02:37:00,417 --> 02:37:03,000
27 years and it still pains me.
2833
02:37:03,167 --> 02:37:05,999
I'm still pissed off.
2834
02:37:07,042 --> 02:37:09,375
You'd go to the Regional Government,
2835
02:37:10,999 --> 02:37:12,917
paying for the bus ride
with the little money...
2836
02:37:13,042 --> 02:37:15,042
We hadn't been paid for 3 months,
2837
02:37:16,708 --> 02:37:18,625
working without getting paid.
2838
02:37:21,542 --> 02:37:25,083
You'd go to the government
and you might as well have gone...
2839
02:37:25,250 --> 02:37:29,250
to the lighthouse,
at least you'd see the sea....
2840
02:37:29,958 --> 02:37:32,583
It was day after day after day.
2841
02:37:32,750 --> 02:37:36,375
And suddenly...
everyone's surprised.
2842
02:37:36,583 --> 02:37:39,375
Everyone's surprised
2843
02:37:39,583 --> 02:37:42,000
that people say
"It's come to this",
2844
02:37:43,750 --> 02:37:46,167
and that the PSOE headquarters
is attacked,
2845
02:37:47,208 --> 02:37:50,375
skips and bins are burnt
in the street,
2846
02:37:52,333 --> 02:37:56,083
that there's a hunger strike
and the factories shut for 12 days.
2847
02:37:57,917 --> 02:37:59,542
People are surprised at that.
2848
02:38:00,625 --> 02:38:02,208
And so, from that point on,
2849
02:38:03,333 --> 02:38:05,792
they want to speak to you.
2850
02:38:05,958 --> 02:38:07,917
How can it work like that?
2851
02:38:10,125 --> 02:38:13,958
When the Proceedings were approved,
2852
02:38:14,083 --> 02:38:18,083
we on the committee
locked ourselves in the company.
2853
02:38:18,333 --> 02:38:20,458
We slept on the floor for 7 days.
2854
02:38:21,708 --> 02:38:24,792
And sure, that was...
2855
02:38:24,958 --> 02:38:26,917
I think that was the fuse that...
2856
02:38:27,042 --> 02:38:31,042
Sleeping on the floor
for a week is a bit rough.
2857
02:38:31,583 --> 02:38:35,542
You get up in a bad mood
and it sharpens...
2858
02:38:35,708 --> 02:38:37,958
your wits, like hunger does.
2859
02:38:40,250 --> 02:38:43,000
We decided that...
2860
02:38:43,167 --> 02:38:46,167
we had to do things...
2861
02:38:47,625 --> 02:38:49,250
-Out of the ordinary.
-...out of the ordinary,
2862
02:38:49,417 --> 02:38:51,875
-not very well known...
-And striking enough
2863
02:38:52,000 --> 02:38:54,708
...to break the encirclement.
2864
02:38:54,875 --> 02:38:58,208
We had to make the mayor
change his mind.
2865
02:38:59,458 --> 02:39:03,042
To change his mind in some way,
2866
02:39:03,208 --> 02:39:05,792
at least officially,
the door had to be torn down.
2867
02:39:05,958 --> 02:39:07,958
Yes, because he wouldn't meet us.
2868
02:39:08,083 --> 02:39:10,458
He wouldn't meet us,
they said he wasn't in,
2869
02:39:10,667 --> 02:39:13,542
but when the door frame came down,
2870
02:39:13,708 --> 02:39:15,792
-the mayor was sitting there.
-In his office.
2871
02:39:15,958 --> 02:39:19,917
An emergency meeting was held
with the municipal spokespeople
2872
02:39:20,042 --> 02:39:23,458
and the first proposal came out
in support of the workers
2873
02:39:23,667 --> 02:39:26,250
against the Proceedings,
2874
02:39:26,417 --> 02:39:29,750
at least officially,
from the Cartagena Council.
2875
02:39:29,917 --> 02:39:32,208
When the Autonomous Community,
2876
02:39:32,375 --> 02:39:36,375
unlike Andalusia and Ferrol,
2877
02:39:37,000 --> 02:39:39,999
the Government measure was justified...
2878
02:39:41,333 --> 02:39:43,167
and we demanded meetings...
2879
02:39:43,333 --> 02:39:47,333
Antonio sent a request
for acknowledgement...
2880
02:39:47,625 --> 02:39:50,417
-To Carlos Collado.
-...because they weren't answering us
2881
02:39:50,625 --> 02:39:54,083
and returned the acknowledgement,
the letter...
2882
02:39:54,250 --> 02:39:56,833
-It had on it...
-"Declined."
2883
02:39:56,999 --> 02:39:59,417
"The receiver has declined
2884
02:39:59,625 --> 02:40:02,083
to receive the dispatch."
2885
02:40:02,250 --> 02:40:04,375
Carlos Collado was President,
and what did we do?
2886
02:40:04,583 --> 02:40:07,708
We put Carlos Collado's face
on a target.
2887
02:40:07,875 --> 02:40:09,792
and we bought...
2888
02:40:11,708 --> 02:40:15,417
On Puerta de Murcia in Cartagena
we played "shots at Collado".
2889
02:40:15,625 --> 02:40:17,792
We tried to...
2890
02:40:17,958 --> 02:40:20,125
We went to San Esteban.
2891
02:40:20,292 --> 02:40:24,625
After the committee lock-in,
26 busloads of us...
2892
02:40:26,333 --> 02:40:29,167
We left him a postcard
2893
02:40:29,333 --> 02:40:30,583
-that was pretty harsh.
-Yes.
2894
02:40:30,917 --> 02:40:34,667
It was a great period of unity
among the staff.
2895
02:40:35,708 --> 02:40:39,583
Actions were proposed and seconded...
2896
02:40:39,750 --> 02:40:41,125
unanimously.
2897
02:40:41,708 --> 02:40:44,625
We did some crazy stuff.
Looking back on it now,
2898
02:40:44,792 --> 02:40:48,708
bursting into a military establishment,
2899
02:40:48,875 --> 02:40:50,000
it's amazing.
2900
02:40:50,167 --> 02:40:54,125
I had a period of
some two or three weeks
2901
02:40:54,292 --> 02:40:57,250
when I got death threats
every single night.
2902
02:40:57,417 --> 02:40:59,708
They'd call me on the phone.
2903
02:40:59,875 --> 02:41:03,417
It scared us a little because
we'd turn off the last light at home,
2904
02:41:03,625 --> 02:41:06,125
go to bed, and five minutes later
someone would call
2905
02:41:06,292 --> 02:41:10,292
in a disguised voice, saying
"I'll kill you. Where's your wife?
2906
02:41:10,458 --> 02:41:12,417
I'm going to kill you..."
2907
02:41:12,625 --> 02:41:14,542
You knew it wasn't true,
2908
02:41:14,708 --> 02:41:17,958
but you still worried.
2909
02:41:18,083 --> 02:41:20,625
So someone,
I can't remember who...
2910
02:41:21,917 --> 02:41:25,250
I told the police
2911
02:41:25,417 --> 02:41:28,208
and they replied:
2912
02:41:28,375 --> 02:41:31,208
"From what you say,
it has to be someone close.
2913
02:41:31,375 --> 02:41:34,292
Spread the word that
we've tapped your phone.
2914
02:41:34,458 --> 02:41:36,667
We won't, it's too complicated.
2915
02:41:36,833 --> 02:41:40,083
If it goes further,
we'll meet again and see,
2916
02:41:40,250 --> 02:41:42,042
but for now,
in your immediate surroundings,
2917
02:41:42,208 --> 02:41:44,458
spread the word that
your phone is tapped."
2918
02:41:44,667 --> 02:41:47,042
That was a godsend
2919
02:41:47,208 --> 02:41:50,583
because the calls stopped.
2920
02:41:50,750 --> 02:41:54,458
Besides these calls,
we often got calls as well
2921
02:41:54,667 --> 02:41:56,958
from the police:
2922
02:41:57,083 --> 02:42:00,625
"We know what you're up to,
be careful.
2923
02:42:02,542 --> 02:42:04,417
Don't cross the line,
we're right behind you..."
2924
02:42:04,625 --> 02:42:07,958
So, yes, the tension was
very, very great.
2925
02:42:10,208 --> 02:42:13,333
Maybe I'm a bit stigmatized.
2926
02:42:13,542 --> 02:42:14,958
Maybe I am.
2927
02:42:15,083 --> 02:42:18,375
When I hear politicians in office
2928
02:42:18,583 --> 02:42:20,958
talk to us with scorn
2929
02:42:21,083 --> 02:42:23,875
and talk about violence...
2930
02:42:24,000 --> 02:42:25,667
"What are you on about?"
2931
02:42:26,708 --> 02:42:29,875
I've negotiated,
2932
02:42:30,000 --> 02:42:31,833
as a police inspector,
2933
02:42:31,999 --> 02:42:35,458
with unions, with demonstrations...
2934
02:42:36,792 --> 02:42:39,875
I went to meet them,
in Bazán, in Comisiones Obreras,
2935
02:42:40,000 --> 02:42:42,875
in the UGT...
2936
02:42:43,000 --> 02:42:45,292
I'm a "friend"...
2937
02:42:46,333 --> 02:42:47,583
of Andrés of the UGT
2938
02:42:48,708 --> 02:42:52,708
and the Secretary of Comisiones.
2939
02:42:52,958 --> 02:42:56,750
Why? To what end?
2940
02:42:56,917 --> 02:42:58,250
To stop bad things.
2941
02:42:59,708 --> 02:43:02,333
That was the aim, to make pacts.
2942
02:43:03,667 --> 02:43:05,999
"How far can we agree?
2943
02:43:06,125 --> 02:43:08,542
How far can we go?"
"We'll hold on here another hour."
2944
02:43:08,708 --> 02:43:11,042
"Alright, let's do this..."
2945
02:43:11,208 --> 02:43:13,208
Now we get into...
2946
02:43:13,375 --> 02:43:15,792
...this negotiation
because it's very interesting.
2947
02:43:15,958 --> 02:43:18,917
And a key factor was
when they set fire to parliament.
2948
02:43:19,417 --> 02:43:21,333
When the police face
2949
02:43:21,958 --> 02:43:25,000
more than 50 people
they can't have a battle.
2950
02:43:25,167 --> 02:43:27,542
We lost the battles.
2951
02:43:27,833 --> 02:43:30,458
Normally the law protects us.
2952
02:43:31,542 --> 02:43:34,042
But in what sense?
When the police pull out
2953
02:43:34,208 --> 02:43:35,999
their defences and hit people,
2954
02:43:37,000 --> 02:43:39,999
nobody remembers what
they're protesting about,
2955
02:43:40,125 --> 02:43:43,167
that they're violating the norms,
they're breaking the law,
2956
02:43:43,333 --> 02:43:44,792
a prohibition...
2957
02:43:44,958 --> 02:43:47,250
They only see the police
2958
02:43:47,417 --> 02:43:49,417
hitting someone on the back.
2959
02:43:49,625 --> 02:43:51,250
That's a reality.
2960
02:43:51,417 --> 02:43:53,417
So what do we have to do?
Avoid it.
2961
02:43:54,458 --> 02:43:55,792
How?
2962
02:43:58,333 --> 02:44:01,292
If you push me to say:
Let them do what they like.
2963
02:44:03,125 --> 02:44:05,417
They cut off traffic?
Let them do it.
2964
02:44:05,625 --> 02:44:08,792
They stop the train station?
Then let them go.
2965
02:44:08,958 --> 02:44:11,292
"They've gone to
the Maritime Authority."
2966
02:44:11,458 --> 02:44:13,292
"They should hang in there."
2967
02:44:14,917 --> 02:44:16,667
That's been my job,
2968
02:44:16,833 --> 02:44:19,833
hang in there, hang in there...
2969
02:44:19,999 --> 02:44:22,208
But it got out of hand,
2970
02:44:23,250 --> 02:44:27,167
that was a very strange situation.
2971
02:44:28,917 --> 02:44:32,542
A line was broken
and we shifted back.
2972
02:44:32,708 --> 02:44:36,625
We wanted to re-establish the line,
like it was a battle.
2973
02:44:36,792 --> 02:44:40,250
And, of course, you can't
hold back 200 men.
2974
02:44:42,333 --> 02:44:44,750
Why was the Parliament burnt?
2975
02:44:44,917 --> 02:44:48,042
It was burnt because of the police.
2976
02:44:50,708 --> 02:44:52,167
At the door to parliament,
2977
02:44:52,333 --> 02:44:55,333
at 9 or 9:15 in the morning,
2978
02:44:55,542 --> 02:44:57,792
were the workers of Peñarroya.
2979
02:44:59,417 --> 02:45:01,667
The poor guys were going to deliver
2980
02:45:01,833 --> 02:45:05,542
Statement 27 to the parliament president,
Miguel Navarro.
2981
02:45:05,708 --> 02:45:09,125
At this same time, in Comisiones
2982
02:45:09,292 --> 02:45:10,750
there was a set of people.
2983
02:45:11,999 --> 02:45:15,208
José Luis Romero, the General Secretary,
came to my office,
2984
02:45:15,375 --> 02:45:17,875
where I was working,
and said to me: "Paco."
2985
02:45:18,000 --> 02:45:21,042
"Yes, José"
"Why don't we go
2986
02:45:21,208 --> 02:45:23,999
and cover Juan, let's go to him,
2987
02:45:24,125 --> 02:45:25,625
with the ones that are alone there?
2988
02:45:25,792 --> 02:45:28,625
If they're going to go in,
you and I will too,
2989
02:45:28,792 --> 02:45:30,125
and talk to Miguel."
2990
02:45:30,292 --> 02:45:33,999
Romero and I had
a lot of contact with Miguel.
2991
02:45:36,875 --> 02:45:38,167
"Right then, let's go."
2992
02:45:38,333 --> 02:45:41,917
We gathered people
who worked in the union,
2993
02:45:42,042 --> 02:45:45,042
the workers that were around,
and we set out,
2994
02:45:45,208 --> 02:45:49,375
25 to 40 of us.
2995
02:45:49,583 --> 02:45:50,875
No more than that.
2996
02:45:51,000 --> 02:45:55,542
We picked up a sign we had:
"For the future of Cartagena."
2997
02:45:57,167 --> 02:46:01,125
The avenue was closed,
they were occupying it
2998
02:46:01,292 --> 02:46:03,292
in front of the parliament
2999
02:46:04,417 --> 02:46:06,167
and on one side of the avenue
3000
02:46:06,333 --> 02:46:08,958
we were with our sign.
And when we were,
3001
02:46:09,083 --> 02:46:12,042
20 or 25 metres away,
3002
02:46:12,208 --> 02:46:16,042
at the level of Radio Juventud,
3003
02:46:16,208 --> 02:46:20,208
50 metres from where
the lads from Peñarroya were,
3004
02:46:20,708 --> 02:46:23,083
the head cop came at us
with an attitude
3005
02:46:24,167 --> 02:46:26,042
that surprised us,
3006
02:46:26,208 --> 02:46:28,208
the one in charge of the police.
3007
02:46:29,708 --> 02:46:33,042
But not only he approached us,
behind were 7 or 8 guys
3008
02:46:33,208 --> 02:46:35,917
with rubber bullet shotguns.
3009
02:46:37,958 --> 02:46:43,292
We reached him and he said to us:
"Where are you going?"
3010
02:46:44,999 --> 02:46:46,667
Romero said:
3011
02:46:46,833 --> 02:46:50,792
"We're going to join
our comrades from Peñarroya,
3012
02:46:50,958 --> 02:46:53,542
to be with them
so that when they go in...
3013
02:46:53,708 --> 02:46:56,792
I'm Romero, the general secretary,
here to accompany them in."
3014
02:46:56,958 --> 02:46:58,667
"You can't go past!"
3015
02:46:58,833 --> 02:47:05,208
Romero was here and I was here.
3016
02:47:05,375 --> 02:47:09,292
All he did was take one step
forward with the sign,
3017
02:47:09,458 --> 02:47:11,750
with the idea that we'd follow.
3018
02:47:11,917 --> 02:47:13,958
He took just one step
3019
02:47:14,083 --> 02:47:16,708
because this man hit him
3020
02:47:16,875 --> 02:47:19,958
with the end of the club
on his mouth.
3021
02:47:21,542 --> 02:47:24,208
He busted his nose
and he was bleeding.
3022
02:47:24,375 --> 02:47:26,208
Then he gave the order to fire.
3023
02:47:27,625 --> 02:47:30,708
So they shot at us,
3024
02:47:30,875 --> 02:47:33,167
a volley of rubber bullets
at the whole first line.
3025
02:47:34,375 --> 02:47:36,917
They didn't get me,
but Torres, for example,
3026
02:47:37,042 --> 02:47:39,333
a lad from Bazán next to me,
3027
02:47:39,542 --> 02:47:42,292
was hit by two rubber bullets.
3028
02:47:42,458 --> 02:47:45,000
We took him to Emergencies.
3029
02:47:45,167 --> 02:47:48,125
And we dispersed,
of course, because...
3030
02:47:48,292 --> 02:47:49,542
they kept on firing,
3031
02:47:49,708 --> 02:47:52,917
and they suddenly turned
to the people from Peñarroya
3032
02:47:53,042 --> 02:47:56,042
and starting shooting at them too
to disperse them.
3033
02:47:56,208 --> 02:47:58,625
That's how it was,
or may I be struck dead....
3034
02:47:58,792 --> 02:48:01,125
I hope it's not for 500 years,
but anyway...
3035
02:48:02,417 --> 02:48:05,708
It was like that. And from then on
the conflict got going,
3036
02:48:05,875 --> 02:48:09,125
that's when it got started.
We started throwing...
3037
02:48:11,083 --> 02:48:13,667
It was all broadcast live
because Cartagena,
3038
02:48:13,833 --> 02:48:16,458
since it was hot news,
3039
02:48:16,667 --> 02:48:20,000
Telecartagena, Onda Regional, SER,
3040
02:48:20,167 --> 02:48:22,917
they were always at these places.
The word got around,
3041
02:48:23,042 --> 02:48:25,125
the Bazán people filed out,
3042
02:48:26,167 --> 02:48:28,958
and everyone came out
to join us there.
3043
02:48:30,417 --> 02:48:33,417
It was madness, the police went mad,
3044
02:48:33,625 --> 02:48:35,750
like they were on methamphetamines.
3045
02:48:35,917 --> 02:48:39,125
They shot rubber bullets,
3046
02:48:40,167 --> 02:48:43,875
they launched tear gas...
3047
02:48:44,000 --> 02:48:46,667
There must be lots of images of that.
3048
02:48:46,833 --> 02:48:49,250
And we began to respond too.
3049
02:48:49,417 --> 02:48:51,458
The time had come in when...
3050
02:48:52,958 --> 02:48:54,625
you didn't hold back.
3051
02:48:54,792 --> 02:48:58,250
They made a show of violence
that I'd never seen before.
3052
02:48:58,417 --> 02:49:00,958
After being there all morning...
3053
02:49:01,083 --> 02:49:04,958
"Let's get going! Here we come!",
3054
02:49:05,083 --> 02:49:07,750
all those stories,
3055
02:49:09,167 --> 02:49:11,042
they got into the hospital,
3056
02:49:13,167 --> 02:49:15,792
behind people,
they got into the school.
3057
02:49:16,833 --> 02:49:19,292
The principal came out to say
what they did in there
3058
02:49:19,458 --> 02:49:21,417
and they clubbed him.
3059
02:49:22,417 --> 02:49:25,750
They got into the faculties in front,
3060
02:49:25,917 --> 02:49:29,625
they went down the streets in vans
3061
02:49:29,792 --> 02:49:32,667
firing rubber bullets at people.
3062
02:49:33,999 --> 02:49:36,999
My father-in-law, who was
an officer in the Marine Police,
3063
02:49:37,125 --> 02:49:40,833
was going home after duty,
3064
02:49:40,999 --> 02:49:44,875
in military clothes, insignia and all,
was shot by a rubber bullet.
3065
02:49:45,917 --> 02:49:48,208
He put his hand on his gun,
3066
02:49:48,375 --> 02:49:51,208
because he was quite a character,
ready to shoot the cop
3067
02:49:51,375 --> 02:49:54,333
if he shot him again.
3068
02:49:56,000 --> 02:49:59,750
Going around the streets,
shooting at people...
3069
02:50:00,875 --> 02:50:03,667
The poor worker,
if he was in blue overalls,
3070
02:50:03,833 --> 02:50:06,917
they put him in a van,
beat the crap out of him
3071
02:50:07,042 --> 02:50:08,792
and let him go again.
3072
02:50:09,917 --> 02:50:12,042
It reminded me of
my youth in Madrid,
3073
02:50:12,208 --> 02:50:14,333
when I was a student
and vans of cops would turn up
3074
02:50:14,542 --> 02:50:17,792
downtown or at the university
3075
02:50:17,958 --> 02:50:21,583
and they'd grab you, beat you
and leave you 100 metres down.
3076
02:50:21,750 --> 02:50:24,208
The same thing. Nutcases.
3077
02:50:25,250 --> 02:50:27,208
Total nutcases.
3078
02:50:27,375 --> 02:50:30,958
Then they scattered,
they spread around the city,
3079
02:50:31,083 --> 02:50:33,458
and what happened?
In the afternoon
3080
02:50:33,667 --> 02:50:35,458
they left the Assembly "exposed"
3081
02:50:35,667 --> 02:50:38,417
as they say.
3082
02:50:38,625 --> 02:50:41,083
A parliament should
never be left exposed,
3083
02:50:41,250 --> 02:50:43,708
but must always be open
to the people.
3084
02:50:44,999 --> 02:50:46,708
The doors to a parliament
3085
02:50:46,875 --> 02:50:49,667
cannot be locked to workers
who ask for their help.
3086
02:50:50,792 --> 02:50:54,792
That's an aberration,
almost more of an aberration
3087
02:50:54,958 --> 02:50:58,125
than people burning something
they feel does not represent them.
3088
02:50:59,167 --> 02:51:02,375
The truly aberrant thing that morning
3089
02:51:02,583 --> 02:51:05,625
was a parliament,
3090
02:51:05,792 --> 02:51:07,833
supposedly democratic,
3091
02:51:07,999 --> 02:51:10,999
refusing to receive citizens
who voted for them to be there.
3092
02:51:11,125 --> 02:51:12,917
That really is aberrant!
3093
02:51:14,083 --> 02:51:17,833
Then, in 12 hours
of tremendous violence,
3094
02:51:17,999 --> 02:51:21,292
when workers ended their shift
in Valle de Escombreras,
3095
02:51:21,458 --> 02:51:25,167
because the shifts were constant,
3096
02:51:25,333 --> 02:51:28,583
they'd go into Cartagena
and throw rocks at the Assembly.
3097
02:51:28,750 --> 02:51:31,917
And as rocks were tossed
inside the parliament
3098
02:51:32,042 --> 02:51:35,708
someone threw in a Molotov cocktail,
or two or three, and it burnt.
3099
02:51:38,750 --> 02:51:41,833
I've never looked into,
nor am I interested,
3100
02:51:41,999 --> 02:51:45,250
in whether it was a criminal,
if it was a worker,
3101
02:51:45,417 --> 02:51:49,167
or the janitor's cousin,
because he was underpaid.
3102
02:51:49,333 --> 02:51:51,750
I've never been interested
in who it was,
3103
02:51:51,917 --> 02:51:55,292
nor does my hair stand on end
because the Assembly was burnt.
3104
02:51:55,458 --> 02:51:57,750
It stands on end
3105
02:51:57,917 --> 02:52:00,000
because the police
3106
02:52:00,167 --> 02:52:03,417
stopped the workers,
3107
02:52:03,625 --> 02:52:05,375
who were there peacefully,
3108
02:52:05,583 --> 02:52:08,000
from going inside their parliament.
3109
02:52:09,167 --> 02:52:12,958
While it is not stated otherwise,
that parliament belongs to the people
3110
02:52:13,083 --> 02:52:18,083
and it's there because of the people.
3111
02:52:18,250 --> 02:52:22,250
It was clear it wasn't for the people
but for some politicians to live off,
3112
02:52:22,458 --> 02:52:25,250
who since then don't represent me.
3113
02:52:27,333 --> 02:52:30,750
When the Assembly was burnt
and it made the cover of El País,
3114
02:52:30,917 --> 02:52:34,792
that's when everyone said:
"What's going on here?"
3115
02:52:34,958 --> 02:52:39,500
"This is more than labour strife",
so Spain's P.M., Felipe González
3116
02:52:39,667 --> 02:52:41,875
rang an economic advisor to say:
3117
02:52:42,000 --> 02:52:44,583
"Explain what's going on
in Cartagena, I don't know."
3118
02:52:45,625 --> 02:52:48,208
If the parliament wasn't burnt,
they would've ignored it.
3119
02:52:48,375 --> 02:52:52,042
It would've been just another conflict.
That fact changed everything.
3120
02:52:52,875 --> 02:52:55,250
17 days after the burning
of the Parliament,
3121
02:52:55,417 --> 02:52:57,417
the Bazán Proceedings were lifted.
3122
02:52:57,625 --> 02:53:00,000
It was impossible: no work,
no ships. "No, no, no."
3123
02:53:00,167 --> 02:53:02,458
The Parliament was burnt
and in 17 days an order
3124
02:53:02,667 --> 02:53:04,417
for 6 ships went through.
3125
02:53:04,667 --> 02:53:08,542
That was 17 days
after the Assembly was burnt.
3126
02:53:10,042 --> 02:53:11,667
How do you take that?
3127
02:53:11,833 --> 02:53:14,417
Do people have to set fire
to a government building
3128
02:53:14,625 --> 02:53:17,417
for work to come to the city?
Yes.
3129
02:53:17,625 --> 02:53:21,042
That's how it was. On February 20
the Ministry gave the order
3130
02:53:21,208 --> 02:53:24,750
to build 6 minesweepers
that saved Bazán in Cartagena.
3131
02:53:25,333 --> 02:53:29,208
Reconversion doesn't explain it all,
but it does in Cartagena.
3132
02:53:29,375 --> 02:53:32,917
Industrial reconversion took power
from the Socialist Party for 25 years
3133
02:53:33,042 --> 02:53:37,208
and the conservative PP
is the beneficiary.
3134
02:53:37,458 --> 02:53:40,000
Until '92, the PSOE won
the elections in Cartagena:
3135
02:53:40,167 --> 02:53:42,708
municipal, autonomous and general.
3136
02:53:42,875 --> 02:53:46,417
Since '92 they haven't won
any of these three.
3137
02:53:46,625 --> 02:53:49,250
It's the punishment the city
inflicted on this party.
3138
02:53:50,875 --> 02:53:53,333
You haven't won
the workers' struggle,
3139
02:53:53,542 --> 02:53:55,875
because that goes on.
3140
02:53:56,000 --> 02:53:59,208
But that battle in particular
we did win.
3141
02:53:59,375 --> 02:54:01,292
The withdrawal of the Proceedings
was a victory.
3142
02:54:01,458 --> 02:54:03,042
Yes, it was a victory.
3143
02:54:03,208 --> 02:54:04,958
It's true that,
3144
02:54:06,167 --> 02:54:07,625
to be fair,
3145
02:54:07,792 --> 02:54:10,750
it's a victory of which
3146
02:54:10,917 --> 02:54:14,458
we are not the only architects
of what happened.
3147
02:54:14,667 --> 02:54:18,458
We were a public company
and depended on political decision.
3148
02:54:18,667 --> 02:54:21,958
There were comrades in companies
that weren't public,
3149
02:54:22,083 --> 02:54:25,125
in the fertilizer sector, Peñarroya,
3150
02:54:25,292 --> 02:54:28,542
who lost because
it was private enterprise
3151
02:54:28,708 --> 02:54:30,667
and the Government didn't intervene.
3152
02:54:31,708 --> 02:54:35,042
We benefited somewhat
from that situation...
3153
02:54:36,999 --> 02:54:40,292
and there was a bitter aftertaste
3154
02:54:40,458 --> 02:54:44,375
about the comrades who hadn't
gained the same objective as we had.
3155
02:54:45,999 --> 02:54:48,375
The worst thing was
and will be for me
3156
02:54:48,583 --> 02:54:50,167
having to give severance
3157
02:54:50,333 --> 02:54:52,708
to the 300 Peñarroya workers
3158
02:54:52,875 --> 02:54:55,999
That wrecked me psychologically.
3159
02:54:56,125 --> 02:54:59,000
It took me a year...
3160
02:54:59,167 --> 02:55:03,167
to get over it at least.
It scarred me for life.
3161
02:55:03,458 --> 02:55:06,792
That was the worst thing
that's happened to me,
3162
02:55:06,958 --> 02:55:09,958
having to call, one by one...
3163
02:55:10,083 --> 02:55:13,125
It gets to me now,
and 25 years have gone by.
3164
02:55:13,292 --> 02:55:15,875
Calling the workers one by one
3165
02:55:16,000 --> 02:55:19,250
and handing them the severance
from a company like Peñarroya,
3166
02:55:20,333 --> 02:55:21,583
that was awful. Awful.
3167
02:55:21,875 --> 02:55:24,292
And after that I spent 9 months,
3168
02:55:24,458 --> 02:55:25,999
almost a year,
3169
02:55:26,125 --> 02:55:29,542
making arrangements with Juan.
Up and down.
3170
02:55:29,708 --> 02:55:31,625
Two years of dole was a lot
3171
02:55:31,833 --> 02:55:35,792
and then I hit the wall
and fell into a depression.
3172
02:55:35,958 --> 02:55:40,208
I was incapable
of picking up some pliers.
3173
02:55:40,375 --> 02:55:44,125
That trauma that you're worthless.
3174
02:55:44,292 --> 02:55:50,833
When I had the most money I'd ever had,
from the severance.
3175
02:55:50,999 --> 02:55:52,750
I had no family problem
3176
02:55:52,917 --> 02:55:55,583
and I fell into one of
those terrible depressions.
3177
02:55:55,875 --> 02:55:59,208
I later fell into
such a deep depression
3178
02:55:59,375 --> 02:56:01,083
that I entered a tunnel.
3179
02:56:01,250 --> 02:56:04,625
I seemed to be going for
miles and miles
3180
02:56:04,792 --> 02:56:08,000
and didn't see a way out.
Later there was, because...
3181
02:56:08,167 --> 02:56:10,417
there's life outside
the walls of the factory,
3182
02:56:10,625 --> 02:56:12,042
but we didn't know that.
3183
02:56:12,208 --> 02:56:15,750
I spent a long time,
3184
02:56:15,917 --> 02:56:19,667
every time I went to Escombreras
working with a truck,
3185
02:56:19,833 --> 02:56:23,625
or wherever,
3186
02:56:23,792 --> 02:56:27,208
I'd always stop unconsciously
at the factory gate.
3187
02:56:27,375 --> 02:56:28,833
I didn't know why I stopped
3188
02:56:29,167 --> 02:56:31,833
and it's because
something of me stayed there.
3189
02:56:31,999 --> 02:56:34,875
Something of me stayed there
in the factory
3190
02:56:35,000 --> 02:56:36,708
and I'd sometimes wait there.
3191
02:56:36,875 --> 02:56:40,583
One day my daughter saw me stop
and said: "What are you doing?"
3192
02:56:40,750 --> 02:56:43,417
"I don't know"
"Then get a move on!"
3193
02:56:43,625 --> 02:56:47,625
But I left something inside,
I still don't know what.
3194
02:56:48,875 --> 02:56:51,417
And now it's rubble, ruins,
3195
02:56:51,625 --> 02:56:54,583
a pile of rocks,
3196
02:56:54,750 --> 02:56:57,542
that's it... ruins.
3197
02:56:57,708 --> 02:57:01,083
-And years of your life.
-Exactly, something of ours.
3198
02:57:01,250 --> 02:57:03,542
I don't know if it's ghosts.
3199
02:57:06,083 --> 02:57:09,083
EPILOGUE
3200
02:57:13,042 --> 02:57:16,000
The crisis creates another model,
in all areas.
3201
02:57:16,167 --> 02:57:18,458
It even creates another union model.
3202
02:57:22,292 --> 02:57:25,917
The implementation of unionism
3203
02:57:26,042 --> 02:57:27,750
in the company was broken,
3204
02:57:29,625 --> 02:57:31,208
which is fundamental,...
3205
02:57:35,333 --> 02:57:39,167
and the practical
and commercial meaning
3206
02:57:39,333 --> 02:57:41,625
of the union, where you'd go
3207
02:57:41,792 --> 02:57:44,167
and they'd listen to you,
3208
02:57:44,333 --> 02:57:45,875
that become essential.
3209
02:57:46,000 --> 02:57:48,417
Insurance was created...
3210
02:57:48,625 --> 02:57:51,667
You can go in there
as if you could in
3211
02:57:52,750 --> 02:57:55,833
any other commercial centre.
3212
02:57:55,999 --> 02:57:58,917
That is, what matters,
3213
02:57:59,042 --> 02:58:00,333
what the worker gets...
3214
02:58:02,083 --> 02:58:03,999
are other things.
3215
02:58:07,458 --> 02:58:09,750
The federations were alive,
3216
02:58:09,917 --> 02:58:13,333
all the people from the committees
were there every day,
3217
02:58:13,542 --> 02:58:16,417
trade union hours were in place,
3218
02:58:16,625 --> 02:58:20,167
because they tried to make sure
that it was so.
3219
02:58:23,917 --> 02:58:28,375
But perhaps it's also a matter
that concerns the whole society.
3220
02:58:28,583 --> 02:58:31,792
That is, insofar as
the large companies disappear,
3221
02:58:31,958 --> 02:58:34,999
the level of affiliation is lower,
3222
02:58:35,125 --> 02:58:36,875
-the type of work has changed.
-Sure, the whole society.
3223
02:58:37,000 --> 02:58:43,625
I mean, this is a reflection
of the social transformation.
3224
02:58:44,708 --> 02:58:47,833
Yes, consider the number
of people today
3225
02:58:47,999 --> 02:58:52,333
who spend their working life
in five or six companies.
3226
02:58:52,542 --> 02:58:56,125
I worked in two companies in my life
and left of my own accord,
3227
02:58:57,375 --> 02:59:01,250
that is, if I hadn't left construction
I'd still be building houses there,
3228
02:59:01,417 --> 02:59:05,417
and if I hadn't left Comisiones
I'd still be in Consultation there.
3229
02:59:06,708 --> 02:59:08,542
But our children
3230
02:59:08,708 --> 02:59:11,958
have suffered,
despite education,
3231
02:59:12,083 --> 02:59:16,125
in all fields,
due to the lack of jobs.
3232
02:59:17,083 --> 02:59:19,875
And they have 40-plus years
3233
02:59:20,000 --> 02:59:22,250
and pitiful pension contributions
3234
02:59:24,583 --> 02:59:30,875
because they'd have periods of
work inactivity, very often.
3235
02:59:31,000 --> 02:59:35,125
It didn't happen in our time
and that created a model
3236
02:59:35,292 --> 02:59:37,250
of union membership and work...
3237
02:59:37,417 --> 02:59:41,167
I experienced something
very, very important,
3238
02:59:41,333 --> 02:59:44,250
the unemployed,
however militant they are,
3239
02:59:44,417 --> 02:59:47,583
have the syndrome of unemployment,
of frustration,
3240
02:59:48,333 --> 02:59:52,250
and they often just hide away.
3241
02:59:52,417 --> 02:59:55,583
"So many unemployed and people
don't come to the demonstrations."
3242
02:59:55,750 --> 02:59:57,333
No, it's only natural,
3243
02:59:57,542 --> 03:00:00,542
I've seen that there's a situation
3244
03:00:03,458 --> 03:00:05,083
of impotence
3245
03:00:05,250 --> 03:00:08,708
that leads to great frustration,
3246
03:00:08,875 --> 03:00:11,667
they're not even able
to respond to that,
3247
03:00:11,833 --> 03:00:15,083
those who've been militant
at another point in their lives.
3248
03:00:16,042 --> 03:00:19,250
They were responsible,
committed men...
3249
03:00:19,417 --> 03:00:22,125
and they lost their jobs
and stayed at home.
3250
03:00:23,708 --> 03:00:26,875
I've been a privileged worker.
I've had all my rights.
3251
03:00:27,000 --> 03:00:29,542
I've been able to complain
without being fired.
3252
03:00:30,125 --> 03:00:33,458
I've had dues paid for me,
3253
03:00:34,583 --> 03:00:36,625
I've gone on holidays,
3254
03:00:36,792 --> 03:00:39,250
I've been paid for overtime.
3255
03:00:40,167 --> 03:00:42,333
Seems crazy, right?
3256
03:00:42,542 --> 03:00:46,625
My salary was enough
to keep me going,
3257
03:00:46,792 --> 03:00:49,083
to go out with my wife,
to have a beer,
3258
03:00:49,250 --> 03:00:51,250
to send my kids to university,
3259
03:00:51,417 --> 03:00:54,083
I was really fucking lucky.
3260
03:00:55,833 --> 03:00:58,458
And the companies didn't go broke.
3261
03:00:58,667 --> 03:01:03,042
Now you have workers
on 800 euros a month,
3262
03:01:03,208 --> 03:01:09,083
job insecurity, not being paid
for the hours, the working poor...
3263
03:01:09,250 --> 03:01:11,042
What is this?
3264
03:01:12,542 --> 03:01:15,208
One foot out on the street,
3265
03:01:15,375 --> 03:01:20,833
with the systematic and constant
violence of employers...
3266
03:01:24,458 --> 03:01:27,042
And what do the unions do now?
3267
03:01:27,208 --> 03:01:30,000
They should be in the street
all fucking day.
3268
03:01:30,167 --> 03:01:32,875
They should turn
this country upside down.
3269
03:01:34,625 --> 03:01:36,875
Even if they have to
pick up a stake for it.
3270
03:01:37,000 --> 03:01:39,458
It's not right, not right...
3271
03:01:39,667 --> 03:01:43,750
Capitalism has never been
self-regulating. Never.
3272
03:01:43,917 --> 03:01:49,999
Capitalism wants more and more
and more, do you understand?
3273
03:01:50,125 --> 03:01:53,458
So you either establish
laws that protect people
3274
03:01:54,250 --> 03:01:58,583
and cut down on abuses
or we come to these situations.
3275
03:01:59,750 --> 03:02:03,583
A pretty city, beautiful sun,
a wonderful beach...
3276
03:02:04,875 --> 03:02:09,125
Those of us in the large sectors
and are my age live wonderfully,
3277
03:02:11,333 --> 03:02:15,833
but my fellow workers
from Cartagena,
3278
03:02:15,999 --> 03:02:20,542
22, 24, 26 years old
with 600, 700 euros,
3279
03:02:20,708 --> 03:02:22,625
have a 12-hour working day.
3280
03:02:23,458 --> 03:02:25,792
They can't be as happy as I am.
3281
03:02:29,333 --> 03:02:34,375
The unions are criticized a lot.
3282
03:02:34,999 --> 03:02:36,999
that's everyone's mantra,
criticizing the unionists
3283
03:02:37,125 --> 03:02:38,542
as being crooks, right?
3284
03:02:38,708 --> 03:02:39,458
It's not true.
3285
03:02:39,667 --> 03:02:40,708
Unionists aren't crooks,
3286
03:02:40,875 --> 03:02:44,042
we do what we can with
what we have to deal with.
3287
03:02:44,208 --> 03:02:46,583
I admire the unionists from the past,
3288
03:02:46,750 --> 03:02:48,125
they're my benchmarks.
3289
03:02:48,292 --> 03:02:52,292
Marcelino Camacho,
fighting the dictatorship: hats off.
3290
03:02:52,458 --> 03:02:55,667
The next ones who fought
industrial reconversion: hats off.
3291
03:02:55,833 --> 03:02:58,000
And who do we fight against?
3292
03:02:58,167 --> 03:03:00,917
Globalization?
The International Monetary Fund?
3293
03:03:01,042 --> 03:03:03,333
The whole system?
Capitalism?
3294
03:03:03,542 --> 03:03:05,875
Here there was a war
and capitalism won.
3295
03:03:06,000 --> 03:03:08,625
There was a cold war here
and capitalism won.
3296
03:03:08,792 --> 03:03:10,583
Let's not forget that.
3297
03:03:10,750 --> 03:03:14,167
The Berlin Wall fell here, which it had to
because Communism was bad,
3298
03:03:14,333 --> 03:03:17,083
but we workers in the West
benefited from that,
3299
03:03:17,250 --> 03:03:19,125
and ever since Berlin Wall fell
3300
03:03:19,292 --> 03:03:23,083
workers get shafted from all sides.
3301
03:03:23,250 --> 03:03:25,583
We celebrate the fall of the Wall
and of Communism,
3302
03:03:25,750 --> 03:03:27,708
but we workers have had it rough.
3303
03:03:27,875 --> 03:03:30,917
The world is on the right
and heading for the ultra-right.
3304
03:03:31,042 --> 03:03:32,917
It's clear.
3305
03:03:33,042 --> 03:03:33,999
The world's on the right
3306
03:03:34,125 --> 03:03:37,250
and unless we on the left balance it
3307
03:03:37,417 --> 03:03:38,833
it will go far-right.
3308
03:03:38,999 --> 03:03:40,292
There you have it.
3309
03:03:41,083 --> 03:03:46,250
And if you don't have unions
and leftist parties regulating that,
3310
03:03:46,417 --> 03:03:47,542
we're in trouble.
3311
03:03:48,708 --> 03:03:51,625
A co-worker once said to me:
"You'll never know the company
3312
03:03:51,792 --> 03:03:53,583
until you're on a company committee.
3313
03:03:54,208 --> 03:03:55,792
You'll never know
the reality of the job,
3314
03:03:55,958 --> 03:03:59,250
until you make the leap
and see what this is like."
3315
03:04:01,000 --> 03:04:02,125
It was true.
3316
03:04:02,292 --> 03:04:04,083
When you negotiate
with an employer,
3317
03:04:04,250 --> 03:04:06,000
when you negotiate
with the head of personnel,
3318
03:04:07,792 --> 03:04:09,458
it changes your perception.
3319
03:04:12,250 --> 03:04:13,708
You realize what you can get
3320
03:04:13,875 --> 03:04:15,583
and what you can't get.
3321
03:04:16,292 --> 03:04:18,625
Before, no, you think
you can get everything.
3322
03:04:18,792 --> 03:04:20,333
But you have to sit down
with the employer,
3323
03:04:20,542 --> 03:04:21,875
sit face to face,
3324
03:04:22,000 --> 03:04:23,375
he has very smart advisors,
3325
03:04:23,583 --> 03:04:27,000
he's well-armed ideologically
and in arguments
3326
03:04:27,167 --> 03:04:28,833
and you go in with what you've got.
3327
03:04:29,542 --> 03:04:32,333
Then, to get what you want,
3328
03:04:32,542 --> 03:04:35,583
you have to try to get
the 200 people behind you
3329
03:04:35,750 --> 03:04:38,333
to support you,
and that doesn't always happen.
3330
03:04:38,542 --> 03:04:39,999
And he knows it.
3331
03:04:40,125 --> 03:04:42,708
The employer knows
you don't have their support.
3332
03:04:43,917 --> 03:04:45,833
I've found that sometimes.
3333
03:04:47,167 --> 03:04:50,375
Still, I remain a unionist.
3334
03:04:50,583 --> 03:04:53,250
It's a necessary task,
3335
03:04:53,417 --> 03:04:55,875
a wall of resistance,
stronger or weaker,
3336
03:04:56,000 --> 03:04:59,000
but it's a wall of resistance.
3337
03:04:59,167 --> 03:05:01,583
Because the future of work,
I don't even want to think about it.
3338
03:05:01,750 --> 03:05:04,625
-What's the future of work?
-I see the future of work...
3339
03:05:05,458 --> 03:05:10,875
I see a clear split
where work is sequestered
3340
03:05:11,000 --> 03:05:14,083
by people between 40
and 60 years of age.
3341
03:05:14,875 --> 03:05:18,333
It's sequestered by this segment
of the population. The good jobs.
3342
03:05:18,542 --> 03:05:20,958
The bad jobs are for people under 40.
3343
03:05:21,083 --> 03:05:23,958
It was, is and will be that way.
3344
03:05:24,083 --> 03:05:28,208
It's another of the things
the system has achieved.
3345
03:05:28,375 --> 03:05:31,083
That young people have no stability.
3346
03:05:31,250 --> 03:05:32,999
Young people have no stability.
3347
03:05:33,125 --> 03:05:34,917
You only get stability at 40,
3348
03:05:35,042 --> 03:05:37,292
and they have to wait
20 years longer.
3349
03:05:37,458 --> 03:05:39,999
I see that every day in all jobs.
3350
03:05:40,125 --> 03:05:43,458
In my union activity I see
that a young person
3351
03:05:43,667 --> 03:05:47,708
has it rough and can only improve
if after 40 years old
3352
03:05:47,875 --> 03:05:50,708
he finds a job that people over 60
have left open
3353
03:05:50,875 --> 03:05:52,208
when they retire.
3354
03:05:52,375 --> 03:05:54,458
Work is compartmentalized by ages.
3355
03:05:56,000 --> 03:06:01,042
That's how it's been done
and I don't know how to resolve it.
3356
03:06:01,208 --> 03:06:04,000
Because in a way,
as you mentioned before,
3357
03:06:04,167 --> 03:06:05,999
you were able to join the union
3358
03:06:06,125 --> 03:06:09,625
because you were unafraid,
you had a guaranteed, permanent job.
3359
03:06:09,792 --> 03:06:11,542
Yes, I dare to do
what others can't...
3360
03:06:11,708 --> 03:06:14,250
Young people don't have
job security, they're afraid...
3361
03:06:14,417 --> 03:06:18,542
How can a young person
be part of union activity
3362
03:06:18,708 --> 03:06:22,083
-if they go from company to company?
-Good question.
3363
03:06:22,250 --> 03:06:25,542
A very good question.
They want to do away with unions,
3364
03:06:25,875 --> 03:06:29,792
and that's the way to do it.
3365
03:06:29,958 --> 03:06:32,167
Young people don't renew the union
3366
03:06:32,333 --> 03:06:33,917
and it dies of old age
3367
03:06:34,333 --> 03:06:35,958
because young people don't join.
3368
03:06:36,083 --> 03:06:39,667
Except when they're 40,
that's what I think will happen.
3369
03:06:39,833 --> 03:06:43,167
When they turn 40,
get that stability
3370
03:06:43,333 --> 03:06:45,333
and see that they're safer
in the union,
3371
03:06:45,542 --> 03:06:47,542
it's in their best interests.
3372
03:06:47,708 --> 03:06:50,542
Is there a fear of reprisals
for joining a union?
3373
03:06:50,708 --> 03:06:52,208
There are reprisals.
3374
03:06:52,375 --> 03:06:54,250
I've held union elections
in small companies
3375
03:06:54,417 --> 03:06:57,167
where the lads that become
candidates are fired.
3376
03:06:57,333 --> 03:06:59,750
-That's interesting.
-Every month.
3377
03:06:59,917 --> 03:07:02,000
All the time, all the time.
3378
03:07:02,167 --> 03:07:03,583
You set up your candidature,
3379
03:07:03,750 --> 03:07:06,708
there are 5 or 10 guys
with balls who go ahead,
3380
03:07:06,875 --> 03:07:08,333
and girls who go ahead...
3381
03:07:08,542 --> 03:07:11,792
The case of the 9 at AON,
a company in Cantabria,
3382
03:07:11,958 --> 03:07:14,625
where 9 comrades set up
a CCOO candidature
3383
03:07:14,792 --> 03:07:17,333
and the next day the 9 were fired.
3384
03:07:17,625 --> 03:07:18,792
What about that?
3385
03:07:18,958 --> 03:07:23,000
It's not an idle threat,
people know that
3386
03:07:23,167 --> 03:07:25,250
if you sign up to be
the CCOO candidate,
3387
03:07:25,417 --> 03:07:27,208
the next day your boss
is on your back.
3388
03:07:29,999 --> 03:07:31,542
That why we're here.
3389
03:07:31,708 --> 03:07:32,458
Because others don't dare,
3390
03:07:32,667 --> 03:07:34,333
but they're not cowards.
3391
03:07:34,542 --> 03:07:36,708
So it's up to me.
3392
03:07:36,875 --> 03:07:38,875
I'll try to do it what they can't,
3393
03:07:39,000 --> 03:07:40,875
that's what's going on.
3394
03:07:41,000 --> 03:07:43,999
The people who unionize
are condemned.
3395
03:07:44,125 --> 03:07:45,792
It happens to lots of people.
3396
03:07:47,208 --> 03:07:48,083
It does.
3397
03:07:50,333 --> 03:07:53,542
It's what our system has achieved.
3398
03:07:55,875 --> 03:07:58,292
Maybe there's some other
experience you want to tell me about,
3399
03:07:58,458 --> 03:08:00,542
because we're reaching the end
3400
03:08:00,708 --> 03:08:02,958
of the issues we're discussing...
3401
03:08:03,083 --> 03:08:04,417
I don't know.
3402
03:08:04,625 --> 03:08:06,458
I like the first part of what I said,
3403
03:08:06,667 --> 03:08:08,375
because this part compromises me,
3404
03:08:08,583 --> 03:08:10,583
I liked the other part more.
3405
03:08:10,750 --> 03:08:13,083
-I don't think...
-We'll see.
3406
03:08:13,250 --> 03:08:14,375
We'll see...
3407
03:08:15,833 --> 03:08:16,958
We'll see...
3408
03:08:17,083 --> 03:08:20,208
But I've said things here
from the heart, not the head.
3409
03:08:20,375 --> 03:08:22,875
If I was smart,
I would've shut up more.
3410
03:08:23,542 --> 03:08:24,750
Ibarra.
3411
03:08:24,917 --> 03:08:26,542
One question, Luis.
3412
03:08:26,708 --> 03:08:29,333
Do you think the 90s union model
3413
03:08:29,542 --> 03:08:31,875
or "union of concentration",
as it was called,
3414
03:08:32,000 --> 03:08:33,917
a legacy of the anti-Franco struggle,
3415
03:08:34,042 --> 03:08:36,417
is repeatable today
in the micro-company?
3416
03:08:36,625 --> 03:08:38,750
Also maybe some self-criticism?
3417
03:08:38,917 --> 03:08:41,999
Don't you think union strategy
has to...?
3418
03:08:42,125 --> 03:08:43,667
It has to change, sure,
but who's going to
3419
03:08:43,833 --> 03:08:45,125
come up with a new one?
3420
03:08:45,292 --> 03:08:46,999
Let's see who comes up with
and directs
3421
03:08:47,125 --> 03:08:51,083
a new union strategy.
3422
03:08:51,958 --> 03:08:54,750
Because I do believe in organization.
3423
03:08:54,917 --> 03:08:57,750
If there's no organization,
conflicts die straight away.
3424
03:08:57,917 --> 03:09:00,458
Without it, conflict dies very fast,
3425
03:09:00,667 --> 03:09:02,583
and that's what some people want,
3426
03:09:02,750 --> 03:09:06,750
no organization
or conflict resolution.
3427
03:09:06,917 --> 03:09:08,458
Or even raised, right?
3428
03:09:08,667 --> 03:09:11,625
Or even raised. That's hard,
a challenge for our union,
3429
03:09:11,792 --> 03:09:12,792
and yours.
3430
03:09:12,958 --> 03:09:16,667
Ours as an old and mature organization
3431
03:09:16,833 --> 03:09:19,000
and yours as younger workers.
3432
03:09:19,167 --> 03:09:20,750
You have a challenge ahead of you.
3433
03:09:21,333 --> 03:09:24,875
I have to tell you
something else too, Raúl.
3434
03:09:25,000 --> 03:09:29,958
The solution isn't a union one now.
The solution is political.
3435
03:09:30,875 --> 03:09:34,208
Ours is a political conflict,
3436
03:09:34,375 --> 03:09:36,750
we know that for sure.
3437
03:09:36,917 --> 03:09:38,375
It's a major political conflict
3438
03:09:38,583 --> 03:09:42,417
over and above the union arena,
3439
03:09:42,625 --> 03:09:44,792
this must be fixed politically
or not at all.
3440
03:09:44,958 --> 03:09:48,250
It's a political problem
that must be fixed politically.
3441
03:09:49,042 --> 03:09:53,167
With political parties that dare
to take to the parliaments
3442
03:09:53,333 --> 03:09:56,667
the social agenda people have.
3443
03:09:57,375 --> 03:09:58,625
It's that simple.
3444
03:09:58,792 --> 03:10:01,208
What happens is that the system
3445
03:10:01,375 --> 03:10:03,458
is shielded from that,
3446
03:10:03,667 --> 03:10:06,042
and now not even politics
fixes these things.
3447
03:10:06,208 --> 03:10:08,417
Politicians have limited power
3448
03:10:08,625 --> 03:10:12,792
and the "powers that be"
as we called them, hinder...
3449
03:10:12,958 --> 03:10:17,999
In Spain the Spanish parliament
doesn't rule.
3450
03:10:18,583 --> 03:10:20,250
It doesn't rule.
3451
03:10:21,167 --> 03:10:22,958
In Spain the markets rule.
3452
03:10:23,417 --> 03:10:25,458
The risk premium rules.
3453
03:10:25,667 --> 03:10:28,792
In Spain entities rule
that no one voted for.
3454
03:10:29,708 --> 03:10:30,875
No one voted for these people
3455
03:10:31,000 --> 03:10:33,792
to change an article of
the Constitution, and they do.
3456
03:10:33,958 --> 03:10:38,583
No one voted for them to
stop cuts, and we get cuts.
3457
03:10:38,750 --> 03:10:40,917
No one voted for them.
How can you castigate...
3458
03:10:41,042 --> 03:10:42,125
the European Union,
3459
03:10:42,292 --> 03:10:44,875
if the EU set the 2012 cuts?
3460
03:10:46,333 --> 03:10:50,042
The cuts we suffered in 2012
weren't set by the Spanish Parliament,
3461
03:10:50,208 --> 03:10:52,208
they're just puppets.
3462
03:10:52,375 --> 03:10:54,958
The Spanish Finance Minister
is called Angela Merkel.
3463
03:10:55,083 --> 03:10:57,458
The Spanish Finance Minister
isn't called Guindos
3464
03:10:57,667 --> 03:11:00,333
or Montoro or the socialist
that's in now.
3465
03:11:00,542 --> 03:11:01,750
She's called Angela Merkel.
3466
03:11:01,917 --> 03:11:03,958
Spain's decisions aren't made in Spain,
3467
03:11:04,708 --> 03:11:06,000
but in arenas far away.
3468
03:11:06,167 --> 03:11:09,208
And in arenas that are
hard to fight against.
3469
03:11:10,292 --> 03:11:13,708
How can you fight the Troika?
Tell it to the Greeks.
3470
03:11:13,875 --> 03:11:16,999
The Greeks have fought,
they had 14 general strikes.
3471
03:11:17,125 --> 03:11:19,542
They had 14 general strikes
3472
03:11:19,708 --> 03:11:22,542
and swallowed a cut of
200 billion euros.
3473
03:11:22,708 --> 03:11:25,958
They swept that country.
With 14 general strikes.
3474
03:11:26,083 --> 03:11:27,667
They were organized.
3475
03:11:27,833 --> 03:11:30,250
I've been to international
unionist meetings
3476
03:11:30,417 --> 03:11:32,208
and we all talked
and the Greeks yelled.
3477
03:11:32,375 --> 03:11:35,458
It was odd.
I've been to unionist meetings,
3478
03:11:35,667 --> 03:11:38,458
because I've been part of...
3479
03:11:38,667 --> 03:11:41,083
international unionist meetings.
3480
03:11:41,250 --> 03:11:43,083
I did a thing in Milan,
3481
03:11:43,250 --> 03:11:45,917
I was in Warsaw and once in Madrid,
3482
03:11:46,042 --> 03:11:49,417
at a unionist meeting and everyone
spoke and the Greeks yelled.
3483
03:11:49,625 --> 03:11:53,000
They yelled everything,
yelled absolutely everything, and what?
3484
03:11:53,167 --> 03:11:54,542
It came to nought.
3485
03:11:54,708 --> 03:11:58,000
The EU subdued the maverick,
3486
03:11:58,167 --> 03:12:00,958
despite their 14 general strikes,
their Syriza in government.
3487
03:12:01,958 --> 03:12:05,250
Tsipras, the president of
the government, ended up...
3488
03:12:05,417 --> 03:12:08,875
kneeling, he had to kneel
and do as he was told.
3489
03:12:10,125 --> 03:12:12,417
That's another lesson for us.
3490
03:12:13,083 --> 03:12:15,542
Now the Italians do as they please
3491
03:12:15,708 --> 03:12:16,875
and no one dares to contradict them.
3492
03:12:17,000 --> 03:12:19,708
The Italians, the fascists in power,
3493
03:12:19,875 --> 03:12:21,625
will win the arm wrestle.
3494
03:12:21,792 --> 03:12:22,917
They'll win it.
3495
03:12:23,042 --> 03:12:26,417
Salvini said he's going to set a budget
3496
03:12:26,625 --> 03:12:28,667
with a deficit of billions,
3497
03:12:28,833 --> 03:12:31,125
and shove the deficit
where the sun doesn't shine.
3498
03:12:31,292 --> 03:12:33,667
He's going to win
the arm wrestle with the EU.
3499
03:12:33,833 --> 03:12:36,083
The EU has no balls with fascism
3500
03:12:36,250 --> 03:12:39,458
but it does with unionism?
3501
03:12:39,667 --> 03:12:45,542
The EU can kick around
those of us still on the left?
3502
03:12:45,708 --> 03:12:47,958
But the EU, as powerful as it is,
3503
03:12:48,083 --> 03:12:49,375
can't confront the new far-right?
3504
03:12:49,583 --> 03:12:50,417
That's scary.
3505
03:12:51,875 --> 03:12:53,958
What's going on there?
3506
03:12:54,333 --> 03:12:57,042
Why don't I read that Italy's
risk premium is skyrocketing?
3507
03:12:57,208 --> 03:12:58,208
I had to read in 2011
3508
03:12:58,375 --> 03:13:00,042
that it was skyrocketing in Spain
3509
03:13:00,208 --> 03:13:03,208
and we all endured the cuts.
3510
03:13:03,375 --> 03:13:04,458
Or didn't you?
3511
03:13:04,667 --> 03:13:06,458
All of you listening here
endured it.
3512
03:13:07,042 --> 03:13:09,958
Everyone endured those cuts.
3513
03:13:10,083 --> 03:13:11,333
Because the EU said so.
3514
03:13:12,000 --> 03:13:14,875
You had the worst jobs
and wages in those years.
3515
03:13:15,000 --> 03:13:17,792
Don't you remember?
All of you.
3516
03:13:17,958 --> 03:13:18,625
Everyone.
3517
03:13:18,792 --> 03:13:22,042
The EU ordered it, the EU.
3518
03:13:22,208 --> 03:13:23,458
The EU ordered the cuts.
3519
03:13:23,667 --> 03:13:25,625
Europe... Europe...
3520
03:13:25,792 --> 03:13:27,792
fucks us over...
3521
03:13:27,958 --> 03:13:31,292
The Italians fight the EU,
which doesn't have the balls
3522
03:13:31,458 --> 03:13:33,167
to say to Salvini: "No,
3523
03:13:33,333 --> 03:13:35,833
we're giving you fines, sanctions,
we'll crush you."
3524
03:13:35,999 --> 03:13:38,542
You crush Greece but not Italy?
3525
03:13:38,708 --> 03:13:40,750
You subdue Greece
with a leftist government,
3526
03:13:40,917 --> 03:13:43,458
but not Italy with
an ultra-right government?
3527
03:13:43,667 --> 03:13:45,542
Will Poland and Hungary defy you?
3528
03:13:46,208 --> 03:13:49,875
We've only just let Poland
and Hungary into the club
3529
03:13:50,000 --> 03:13:52,958
and now they're the local toughs?
3530
03:13:54,000 --> 03:13:56,167
When they reflect on why
the EU is in crisis,
3531
03:13:56,333 --> 03:13:57,375
they should reflect on that too.
3532
03:14:02,750 --> 03:14:06,250
La Loma was a zone in Quitapellejos,
3533
03:14:06,875 --> 03:14:11,625
hills that we've always been on,
our whole lives.
3534
03:14:11,792 --> 03:14:15,292
I did my First Communion there,
my brother and sister did,
3535
03:14:15,458 --> 03:14:17,208
it was a family spot
3536
03:14:17,375 --> 03:14:20,792
and I wanted it to still be there.
3537
03:14:20,958 --> 03:14:23,999
In the evenings,
when I'd finish work,
3538
03:14:24,125 --> 03:14:27,250
I'd go there with my aunts and uncles,
3539
03:14:27,417 --> 03:14:30,542
my uncle Manolo, my uncle Pepe,
my aunt Rosita,
3540
03:14:30,708 --> 03:14:34,999
my aunt Paca, on all those sofas
we had, a ton of them,
3541
03:14:35,125 --> 03:14:37,083
because my uncle was in removals,
3542
03:14:37,250 --> 03:14:41,999
so it was a great atmosphere,
3543
03:14:42,125 --> 03:14:45,167
I always loved it,
the horses we had,
3544
03:14:45,333 --> 03:14:46,000
always as a family,
3545
03:14:46,167 --> 03:14:48,833
we'd go every evening
to cool off in summer,
3546
03:14:48,999 --> 03:14:53,708
there were eucalypts there,
you'd look at Cartagena
3547
03:14:53,875 --> 03:14:56,833
and the whole port, Bazán,
3548
03:14:57,667 --> 03:15:00,792
Ducks' Castle and the whole shit.
3549
03:15:01,542 --> 03:15:06,208
If only, if only I could live
that time over again,
3550
03:15:06,375 --> 03:15:09,750
because it was the happiest
of my life.
3551
03:15:09,917 --> 03:15:12,750
Right now, that would be my dream.
3552
03:15:15,042 --> 03:15:21,625
And something that you dream of,
but at night,
3553
03:15:21,792 --> 03:15:24,000
tell me something, for example...
3554
03:15:24,167 --> 03:15:25,542
Something recurring?
3555
03:15:28,250 --> 03:15:29,833
Not being able to punch.
3556
03:15:29,999 --> 03:15:30,999
You can't punch...?
3557
03:15:31,125 --> 03:15:36,542
Yes, maybe we're in a fight
with some Nazis or something,
3558
03:15:37,708 --> 03:15:42,417
and I'm in a jam, I punch away
and it's like this.
3559
03:15:43,708 --> 03:15:45,833
That's what I dream lately.
3560
03:15:45,999 --> 03:15:48,417
So you get up and it's like
"Fucking hell!"
3561
03:15:48,833 --> 03:15:50,750
I do have the strength to punch.
3562
03:15:50,917 --> 03:15:55,542
but in these dreams
I hit like really soft.
3563
03:15:55,708 --> 03:15:59,042
I have that dream a lot lately.
3564
03:15:59,667 --> 03:16:01,958
So you say: "Hey, man,
3565
03:16:02,083 --> 03:16:06,000
I can hit hard...
Why am I hitting like this?"
3566
03:16:06,167 --> 03:16:10,458
And that's loads of time.
Again and again, again and again...
3567
03:16:10,667 --> 03:16:13,583
and then when I'm with the Nazis,
I beat the shit out of them.
3568
03:16:13,750 --> 03:16:17,250
Maybe when I get back
3569
03:16:17,417 --> 03:16:22,292
my fists are all busted up, like:
3570
03:16:22,458 --> 03:16:25,000
"Man, I can punch hard,
3571
03:16:25,167 --> 03:16:27,708
so why in my dreams do I hit...?",
3572
03:16:27,875 --> 03:16:31,417
like this, you can't move,
3573
03:16:31,625 --> 03:16:33,999
like you're hitting like a...
3574
03:16:35,125 --> 03:16:37,875
That's happened to me
loads of times, like:
3575
03:16:38,000 --> 03:16:40,000
"Fuck, why this dream?"
3576
03:16:40,167 --> 03:16:44,750
I don't get it, maybe it's
the fear of being beaten up,
3577
03:16:44,917 --> 03:16:47,917
which I have been before...
Why am I afraid of that?
3578
03:16:48,042 --> 03:16:49,833
It's like a rain of punches.
3579
03:16:51,292 --> 03:16:54,292
I've dreamt that loads of times.
3580
03:16:54,458 --> 03:16:58,292
I'm trying to punch,
but I can't.
3581
03:16:58,458 --> 03:16:59,833
I'm like this...
3582
03:16:59,999 --> 03:17:01,667
and I can't do it.
3583
03:17:01,833 --> 03:17:05,542
That's recurred loads of times
and I really don't know why.
3584
03:17:06,999 --> 03:17:09,750
I don't see any fucking explanation.
3585
03:17:10,750 --> 03:17:12,333
But anyway,
3586
03:17:12,542 --> 03:17:15,042
in a fight with Nazis,
they won't forget me.
3587
03:20:03,292 --> 03:20:04,917
Translatión: Lindsay Moxham
3588
03:20:05,042 --> 03:20:06,500
Subtitles: LASERFILM
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