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1
00:00:06,360 --> 00:00:07,920
Welcome to Egypt.
2
00:00:08,080 --> 00:00:10,320
Behind us is the Valley of the Kings,
3
00:00:10,480 --> 00:00:13,960
burial place of the most famous
pharaoh of them all -
4
00:00:14,120 --> 00:00:15,920
Tutankhamun.
5
00:00:16,080 --> 00:00:19,800
He lay undisturbed,
right here under these sands,
6
00:00:19,960 --> 00:00:22,120
for more than 3,000 years.
7
00:00:22,280 --> 00:00:26,760
Until they discovered
his treasure-filled tomb in 1922.
8
00:00:28,320 --> 00:00:31,640
We're following the story
of Tutankhamun's life, death
9
00:00:31,800 --> 00:00:35,280
and discovery
thousands of years later.
10
00:00:35,440 --> 00:00:39,920
We're bringing you new insights,
including a cutting-edge 3D scan
11
00:00:40,080 --> 00:00:43,440
revealing fresh perspectives
on Tut's burial.
12
00:00:43,600 --> 00:00:45,760
WOMAN: Tutankhamun's burial
was very much rushed.
13
00:00:45,920 --> 00:00:49,440
Someone wanted him to be buried
very quickly.
14
00:00:50,960 --> 00:00:53,160
In this episode,
we pick up our stories
15
00:00:53,320 --> 00:00:55,520
as Tutankhamun falls dangerously ill.
16
00:00:55,680 --> 00:00:57,720
And three millennia later,
17
00:00:57,880 --> 00:01:01,920
as archaeologist Howard Carter
makes astonishing discoveries
18
00:01:02,080 --> 00:01:04,160
in the first room in the tomb.
19
00:01:04,320 --> 00:01:05,960
Here's what's coming up.
20
00:01:07,720 --> 00:01:12,160
I investigate the latest thinking
on how Tutankhamun died.
21
00:01:12,320 --> 00:01:14,160
And we've got special access
22
00:01:14,320 --> 00:01:17,560
to some of his most personal
and spectacular possessions,
23
00:01:17,720 --> 00:01:19,640
hidden away from the public.
24
00:01:19,800 --> 00:01:24,120
Well, here it is. The legendary
golden chariot of King Tutankhamun.
25
00:01:24,280 --> 00:01:26,400
I head into restricted areas
26
00:01:26,560 --> 00:01:30,920
to unravel the riddle of
Tutankhamun's unusually small tomb.
27
00:01:31,080 --> 00:01:34,440
It's all rock hewn.
There's no decoration in here.
28
00:01:34,600 --> 00:01:37,440
While I ride off to reveal
how Tut-mania,
29
00:01:37,600 --> 00:01:40,560
the craze of King Tut,
gripped the world.
30
00:01:40,720 --> 00:01:42,200
150?
That's OK. No problem.
31
00:01:42,360 --> 00:01:44,320
Oh, right, what about 100?
(LAUGHS)
32
00:01:44,480 --> 00:01:46,520
So join us as we tell the story
33
00:01:46,680 --> 00:01:50,360
of the death
and the discovery of Tutankhamun.
34
00:02:01,320 --> 00:02:04,760
26th November 1922.
35
00:02:04,920 --> 00:02:08,720
Three weeks into their excavation
of Tutankhamun's tomb,
36
00:02:08,880 --> 00:02:12,120
Howard Carter and his sponsor,
Lord Carnarvon,
37
00:02:12,280 --> 00:02:14,640
had cleared the rubble
from this narrow corridor
38
00:02:14,800 --> 00:02:17,200
to reveal a sealed doorway.
39
00:02:17,360 --> 00:02:23,040
They had broken down this final door
that led to Tutankhamun's tomb
40
00:02:23,200 --> 00:02:27,040
and what they found inside
was astonishing.
41
00:02:27,200 --> 00:02:29,600
This... It's so exciting!
42
00:02:29,760 --> 00:02:34,360
This chamber was filled
with the most unimaginable treasures.
43
00:02:34,520 --> 00:02:36,560
Look at this photograph here.
44
00:02:36,720 --> 00:02:40,680
It looked like they'd been left here
just days before,
45
00:02:40,840 --> 00:02:45,480
rather than having sat
for thousands of years, untouched.
46
00:02:47,200 --> 00:02:51,280
Carter said it looked like
the props room of an opera company.
47
00:02:52,640 --> 00:02:54,760
There were golden couches,
48
00:02:54,920 --> 00:02:56,600
chariots
49
00:02:56,760 --> 00:03:01,880
and wooden chests
crammed with food and clothing -
50
00:03:02,040 --> 00:03:06,680
all Tutankhamun would need
to enjoy his afterlife.
51
00:03:06,840 --> 00:03:10,280
But everything was oddly
jumbled together
52
00:03:10,440 --> 00:03:13,640
and there was another thing
that puzzled Carter.
53
00:03:13,800 --> 00:03:17,040
The chamber was a lot smaller
than many of those found
in the Valley of the Kings,
54
00:03:17,200 --> 00:03:18,760
including one very close by.
55
00:03:18,920 --> 00:03:21,440
Check this out, that's Tutankhamun's
tomb just down there.
56
00:03:21,600 --> 00:03:23,240
Right on top of it, almost,
57
00:03:23,400 --> 00:03:26,240
is the tomb
of the mighty Ramesses VI,
58
00:03:26,400 --> 00:03:28,520
which is on a whole different scale.
59
00:03:29,600 --> 00:03:34,080
Just compare the tiny, undecorated
chamber of Tut's tomb
60
00:03:34,240 --> 00:03:35,800
to this!
61
00:03:41,000 --> 00:03:42,600
Much more in keeping
62
00:03:42,760 --> 00:03:46,640
with the splendour expected
of a pharaoh's final resting place.
63
00:03:48,080 --> 00:03:51,760
It just goes on and on and on,
ever deeper into the earth.
64
00:03:51,920 --> 00:03:53,480
The walls absolutely covered
65
00:03:53,640 --> 00:03:56,400
with the most beautiful hieroglyphs
and colours.
66
00:03:57,680 --> 00:04:02,560
The entrance corridor here
is an incredible 58 metres long.
67
00:04:02,720 --> 00:04:06,360
Tut's, on the other hand,
is just eight.
68
00:04:06,520 --> 00:04:08,040
It's enormous!
69
00:04:08,200 --> 00:04:11,000
Tutankhamun's tomb could fit
just in this entrance corridor
70
00:04:11,160 --> 00:04:12,640
many times over.
71
00:04:14,240 --> 00:04:16,840
If they built Tutankhamun a bungalow,
72
00:04:17,000 --> 00:04:19,720
Ramesses VI got a mansion.
73
00:04:23,080 --> 00:04:24,920
Tut's tomb was so small,
74
00:04:25,080 --> 00:04:28,680
at first Carter thought
he'd only found a storage chamber.
75
00:04:30,920 --> 00:04:34,680
But the items he discovered
confirmed it was a burial,
76
00:04:34,840 --> 00:04:37,040
and they give
an extraordinary insight
77
00:04:37,200 --> 00:04:39,960
into the last days of Tut's life.
78
00:04:41,440 --> 00:04:42,920
As we found out last time,
79
00:04:43,080 --> 00:04:46,280
medical researchers put Tutankhamun's
corpse through the CT scanner
80
00:04:46,440 --> 00:04:49,240
and that revealed
several medical conditions
81
00:04:49,400 --> 00:04:52,240
that might have affected
his everyday life.
82
00:04:52,400 --> 00:04:55,320
But they also ran DNA tests,
which show that he appeared
83
00:04:55,480 --> 00:04:57,040
to have suffered during his life
84
00:04:57,200 --> 00:04:59,040
from at least two different types
of malaria.
85
00:04:59,200 --> 00:05:02,760
Now, there are some objects
in the tomb with Tutankhamun
86
00:05:02,920 --> 00:05:06,520
that suggest that he might have been
suffering from malaria
87
00:05:06,680 --> 00:05:09,080
in the days just before he died.
88
00:05:09,240 --> 00:05:11,240
Raksha's gone to check out
the evidence.
89
00:05:14,240 --> 00:05:17,240
I've come to
the Grand Egyptian Museum
90
00:05:17,400 --> 00:05:21,680
where items from Tut's tomb
are being painstakingly conserved.
91
00:05:23,680 --> 00:05:26,640
These aren't on public display
92
00:05:26,800 --> 00:05:29,440
but I've been given access
to see them.
93
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And they are incredible.
94
00:05:32,320 --> 00:05:33,800
Wow!
95
00:05:33,960 --> 00:05:35,720
Amongst the hoard...
96
00:05:35,880 --> 00:05:40,840
there's drawer upon drawer
filled with 3,000-year-old food.
97
00:05:41,000 --> 00:05:43,160
Are those nuts?
MAN: Yes.
98
00:05:44,520 --> 00:05:45,960
Wow.
99
00:05:46,120 --> 00:05:48,800
Oh, what are these? Pomegranates?
Yes.
100
00:05:48,960 --> 00:05:52,200
Wow. Perfectly formed pomegranate.
101
00:05:52,360 --> 00:05:55,360
Every box is a surprise.
Yes.
102
00:05:55,520 --> 00:05:57,000
(LAUGHS)
103
00:05:57,160 --> 00:05:59,160
So that's onions.
Onion.
104
00:05:59,320 --> 00:06:00,520
OK.
105
00:06:00,680 --> 00:06:03,920
While some of these foods were
to sustain Tut in the afterlife...
106
00:06:04,080 --> 00:06:05,840
I can actually still smell those.
Mm.
107
00:06:06,000 --> 00:06:09,920
..we now know
many were also used as medicines.
108
00:06:10,080 --> 00:06:12,320
Oh, juniper berries.
And here, some fruits.
109
00:06:12,480 --> 00:06:15,040
Juniper berries. Look at those!
(LAUGHS) Look at those!
110
00:06:15,200 --> 00:06:16,880
Wow!
111
00:06:17,040 --> 00:06:19,080
Do you know what these
were used for?
112
00:06:19,240 --> 00:06:21,360
Help him with pain.
113
00:06:21,520 --> 00:06:25,440
Well, that would make sense
because he had bone necrosis
114
00:06:25,600 --> 00:06:29,560
and he was probably in a lot of pain
with his foot.
115
00:06:29,720 --> 00:06:32,400
I know what those are
just by looking at them.
116
00:06:32,560 --> 00:06:34,560
What is this?
Coriander seeds.
117
00:06:34,720 --> 00:06:36,160
Yes.
118
00:06:36,320 --> 00:06:39,520
Coriander seeds
were used to treat fevers.
119
00:06:39,680 --> 00:06:45,000
Unusually, a massive eight baskets
full were found in the tomb.
120
00:06:45,160 --> 00:06:47,240
It's like as though
I just bought them from the shop.
121
00:06:47,400 --> 00:06:50,240
(CHUCKLES)
They are so perfectly preserved!
122
00:06:51,400 --> 00:06:56,440
While the DNA analysis can't tell us
when in his life Tut had malaria,
123
00:06:56,600 --> 00:07:00,280
experts believe
this afterlife pharmacy in his tomb
124
00:07:00,440 --> 00:07:03,840
indicates he may well have been
suffering from the disease
125
00:07:04,000 --> 00:07:05,720
when he died.
126
00:07:08,840 --> 00:07:11,200
In the last few weeks
of Tutankhamun's life,
127
00:07:11,360 --> 00:07:14,280
we believe that he was suffering
from malaria.
128
00:07:14,440 --> 00:07:16,840
But what was going on
in our modern story?
129
00:07:17,000 --> 00:07:20,800
As we know, Carter and Carnarvon
had entered that first chamber
130
00:07:20,960 --> 00:07:23,120
filled with incredible treasures
131
00:07:23,280 --> 00:07:27,000
and now they announced
their discovery to the world.
132
00:07:28,520 --> 00:07:31,600
On 29th November 1922,
133
00:07:31,760 --> 00:07:34,560
three days after unsealing the tomb,
134
00:07:34,720 --> 00:07:38,600
dignitaries and the press
were invited inside.
135
00:07:38,760 --> 00:07:41,720
And this event sparked a frenzy.
136
00:07:41,880 --> 00:07:45,720
Almost overnight, it became
the biggest news story in the world.
137
00:07:45,880 --> 00:07:50,720
It not only completely changed
Carter and Carnarvon's life,
138
00:07:50,880 --> 00:07:53,120
it changed Egypt itself.
139
00:07:57,320 --> 00:08:01,360
I headed to Cairo to see
how the craze of Tutankhamun
140
00:08:01,520 --> 00:08:04,360
captured the imagination
of the world.
141
00:08:06,400 --> 00:08:10,040
This is how we imagine Egypt.
142
00:08:10,200 --> 00:08:14,640
Romantic camel rides
across the empty desert,
143
00:08:14,800 --> 00:08:19,120
the great Pyramids
rising up from the desolate sands.
144
00:08:19,280 --> 00:08:23,000
These days, of course,
it is rather more like this.
145
00:08:23,160 --> 00:08:24,880
(NEEDLE SCRATCH)
146
00:08:28,080 --> 00:08:32,600
Up to 10 million tourists
now come here every year.
147
00:08:35,120 --> 00:08:39,800
And it was largely the discovery
of Tutankhamun's tomb
148
00:08:39,960 --> 00:08:43,640
which set off this tourist boom
in the first place.
149
00:08:43,800 --> 00:08:45,280
In the years before,
150
00:08:45,440 --> 00:08:48,840
Egyptian tourism
had been on a much smaller scale.
151
00:08:49,000 --> 00:08:51,200
It was a niche pursuit.
152
00:08:53,760 --> 00:08:55,480
Thank goodness for that!
I help you.
153
00:08:55,640 --> 00:08:57,320
Welcome back.
Thank you very much.
154
00:08:57,480 --> 00:09:00,920
Welcome back to terra firma.
Thank you very much.
155
00:09:01,080 --> 00:09:03,600
Very good, thank you. Wonderful.
Thank you, sir.
156
00:09:03,760 --> 00:09:05,560
Great ride.
157
00:09:05,720 --> 00:09:09,520
Some of these visitors
were also the first archaeologists,
158
00:09:09,680 --> 00:09:11,920
although, to give them that title
159
00:09:12,080 --> 00:09:14,680
perhaps gives them an honour
they didn't deserve.
160
00:09:14,840 --> 00:09:17,920
They were treasure hunters
more than tourists,
161
00:09:18,080 --> 00:09:22,160
specifically employed
to search out precious artefacts
162
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and then sell them on
to the highest bidders.
163
00:09:28,120 --> 00:09:31,560
Here, at the Pyramid of Khafre
just outside Cairo,
164
00:09:31,720 --> 00:09:35,000
an Italian ex-circus strong man
called Belzoni
165
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was the first modern visitor
to find a way inside.
166
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This is... This is hard work
167
00:09:42,600 --> 00:09:45,960
and it would have been hard
for Belzoni.
168
00:09:46,120 --> 00:09:48,880
But on the other hand,
he thought it would pay off
169
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because he was hoping that he would
find lots of treasure here
170
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which would make him a lot of money.
171
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But, of course, he didn't,
172
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because this tomb, like almost
every other ancient Egyptian tomb,
173
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had been robbed in antiquity.
174
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But Belzoni did leave his mark.
175
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Here we go.
176
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"Discovered by G Belzoni,
2 March 1818."
177
00:10:17,400 --> 00:10:18,720
Quite a graffiti, that.
178
00:10:18,880 --> 00:10:22,240
Thankfully,
most other Victorian tourists
179
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were a little more respectful.
180
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By early 1922, Egypt
was a fairly familiar destination
181
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for the rich and adventurous
182
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but, on 29th November,
when Carter announced
183
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the discovery of Tutankhamun's
treasure-filled tomb,
184
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interest in Egypt just took off.
185
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Tut-mania gripped the world.
186
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And it's still going strong.
187
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Hello.
188
00:10:58,840 --> 00:11:01,320
You've got plenty with
Tutankhamun, haven't you?
189
00:11:01,480 --> 00:11:04,040
MAN: Which one?
I want one of the man with the mask.
190
00:11:04,200 --> 00:11:06,440
This is his toy,
we make it by handmade.
191
00:11:06,600 --> 00:11:08,720
It's not gold though, is it?
No, no, no, no.
192
00:11:08,880 --> 00:11:11,200
So how much does this cost?
300 Egyptian pound.
193
00:11:11,360 --> 00:11:12,600
300?
Yes.
194
00:11:12,760 --> 00:11:15,320
Would you give it to me for 150?
195
00:11:15,480 --> 00:11:16,960
It's OK, no problem.
196
00:11:17,120 --> 00:11:18,600
150?
It's OK, no problem.
197
00:11:18,760 --> 00:11:20,880
Oh, right, what about 100?
(LAUGHS)
198
00:11:21,040 --> 00:11:22,600
OK, 150.
199
00:11:22,760 --> 00:11:24,880
Well, I think I will have that then.
OK.
200
00:11:26,240 --> 00:11:29,240
Tut-mania didn't just inspire people
to come to Egypt,
201
00:11:29,400 --> 00:11:32,360
it was the first global media craze.
202
00:11:32,520 --> 00:11:36,320
King Tut, as he became known,
and all things ancient Egyptian
203
00:11:36,480 --> 00:11:40,720
seeped into every aspect
of 1920s culture.
204
00:11:40,880 --> 00:11:45,200
A dance tune was called Old King Tut
and it was a hit.
205
00:11:45,360 --> 00:11:46,840
(OLD-STYLE DANCE MUSIC PLAYS)
206
00:11:47,000 --> 00:11:50,560
Tut-mania affected Hollywood,
207
00:11:50,720 --> 00:11:52,880
romantic novels,
208
00:11:53,040 --> 00:11:54,320
fashion,
209
00:11:54,480 --> 00:11:58,080
and even a brand
of Californian lemons.
210
00:11:58,240 --> 00:12:03,440
Tutankhamun's treasures gave beauty
and glamour to a grey world
211
00:12:03,600 --> 00:12:05,520
exhausted by the First World War.
212
00:12:05,680 --> 00:12:08,480
# Old King Tut,
'neath moonlit skies so warm... #
213
00:12:08,640 --> 00:12:10,440
Tourists flocked to the tomb.
214
00:12:10,600 --> 00:12:13,160
They sat on the wall
chatting, reading,
215
00:12:13,320 --> 00:12:15,000
even knitting,
216
00:12:15,160 --> 00:12:17,520
waiting for something to happen.
217
00:12:17,680 --> 00:12:20,520
All much to the annoyance of Carter.
218
00:12:20,680 --> 00:12:23,280
# In Old King Tut... #
219
00:12:23,440 --> 00:12:27,680
Society gentlemen would present
their calling cards to Carter,
220
00:12:27,840 --> 00:12:30,320
demanding access to Tut's tomb.
221
00:12:30,480 --> 00:12:34,400
The grumpy archaeologist
would often tear the card
222
00:12:34,560 --> 00:12:37,760
and throw it in the sand
at their feet.
223
00:12:37,920 --> 00:12:40,600
I'm rather warming to Howard Carter.
224
00:12:40,760 --> 00:12:42,680
# King Tutty's day. #
225
00:12:44,760 --> 00:12:46,520
Almost a century later,
226
00:12:46,680 --> 00:12:50,920
Tutankhamun still draws tourists
to the Valley of the Kings.
227
00:12:53,320 --> 00:12:56,240
Not much knitting going on
nowadays, sadly.
228
00:12:56,400 --> 00:12:59,880
Just lots and lots of selfies.
229
00:13:00,040 --> 00:13:02,720
Tut's tomb is the star attraction,
230
00:13:02,880 --> 00:13:06,000
despite being so abnormally small
and plain.
231
00:13:07,360 --> 00:13:11,480
But why was it so tiny
compared to other royal tombs?
232
00:13:11,640 --> 00:13:14,360
The cavernous tombs like this one
233
00:13:14,520 --> 00:13:18,240
belonging to other pharaohs
from around Tutankhamun's time
234
00:13:18,400 --> 00:13:21,040
show the enormous effort,
235
00:13:21,200 --> 00:13:25,040
the preparation and planning
that went in to a pharaoh's burial.
236
00:13:26,560 --> 00:13:31,120
Pharaohs began building their tombs
the moment they took the throne.
237
00:13:31,280 --> 00:13:36,520
When Tut died at just 19,
he'd been ruler for only 10 years.
238
00:13:38,320 --> 00:13:41,920
Which could account
for his cramped burial place.
239
00:13:44,080 --> 00:13:48,000
To find out what was required
to build a tomb fit for a pharaoh,
240
00:13:48,160 --> 00:13:50,280
Raksha has visited a village
241
00:13:50,440 --> 00:13:53,600
where the tomb builders themselves
once lived.
242
00:13:56,320 --> 00:13:59,080
Just over the hill
from the Valley of the Kings
243
00:13:59,240 --> 00:14:02,600
lies the ancient village
of Deir el-Medina.
244
00:14:03,720 --> 00:14:08,680
Last time, we discovered it was home
to the builders of Tut's tomb.
245
00:14:08,840 --> 00:14:11,640
The houses that the tomb builders
lived in
246
00:14:11,800 --> 00:14:13,440
are here, down in the valley,
247
00:14:13,600 --> 00:14:15,840
but the tombs that they built
for themselves
248
00:14:16,000 --> 00:14:18,680
litter the mountainside.
249
00:14:21,000 --> 00:14:23,040
And Manon Lefevre is letting me in
250
00:14:23,200 --> 00:14:26,560
on the secrets
of their construction.
251
00:14:26,720 --> 00:14:30,400
I really want to know how hard it is
to build a tomb.
252
00:14:30,560 --> 00:14:32,080
So how did they do it?
253
00:14:32,240 --> 00:14:35,560
Ah, we have to use different material
254
00:14:35,720 --> 00:14:37,680
that depends on the stone.
255
00:14:37,840 --> 00:14:39,760
Here we have limestone.
Mm-hm.
256
00:14:39,920 --> 00:14:42,600
So we have to use at first this.
257
00:14:42,760 --> 00:14:45,080
Oh, a flint axe.
258
00:14:45,240 --> 00:14:48,200
Iron tools
weren't used in Tut's Egypt.
259
00:14:48,360 --> 00:14:51,320
Flint was the hardest material
they had,
260
00:14:51,480 --> 00:14:53,680
so it was used for tomb excavation.
261
00:14:53,840 --> 00:14:55,640
The flint is quite good, actually.
262
00:14:55,800 --> 00:14:59,120
OK, so that works.
Mm-hm.
263
00:14:59,280 --> 00:15:02,320
Teams of up to 40 men
worked together
264
00:15:02,480 --> 00:15:04,520
to hack out the royal tombs.
265
00:15:04,680 --> 00:15:07,240
Yes, yes, come on.
266
00:15:07,400 --> 00:15:09,040
Oh, look at that!
267
00:15:09,200 --> 00:15:12,400
I don't think I've done
a bad job there, Manon.
(LAUGHS)
268
00:15:12,560 --> 00:15:16,760
Once the carving was complete,
the decorating began.
269
00:15:16,920 --> 00:15:20,280
And Manon has a treat for me.
270
00:15:20,440 --> 00:15:23,080
A tomb builder's tomb.
271
00:15:23,240 --> 00:15:24,360
Wow!
272
00:15:24,520 --> 00:15:27,360
Complete with astonishing paintings.
273
00:15:27,520 --> 00:15:29,440
Wow, it's unbelievable.
Yeah.
274
00:15:29,600 --> 00:15:33,120
Every place I go to,
it looks different.
Yeah.
275
00:15:33,280 --> 00:15:36,480
I can't believe
this is a tomb builder's tomb.
276
00:15:36,640 --> 00:15:39,520
Yeah.
It's beautifully decorated.
277
00:15:39,680 --> 00:15:41,600
What I really want to know is
278
00:15:41,760 --> 00:15:45,360
how did they then create this
decoration and this painting?
279
00:15:45,520 --> 00:15:48,480
All worker has his places to work.
280
00:15:48,640 --> 00:15:53,440
So one people here,
one worker here, one here.
281
00:15:53,600 --> 00:15:56,640
And all the worker has his job.
282
00:15:56,800 --> 00:15:59,240
One man work for the sketch,
283
00:15:59,400 --> 00:16:01,920
one then for the colour,
284
00:16:02,080 --> 00:16:07,040
one man for the yellow,
one man painting red, blue.
285
00:16:07,200 --> 00:16:12,640
And at the end
they draw with black painting.
286
00:16:12,800 --> 00:16:15,800
Oh, right, so then they do
all these wonderful details.
287
00:16:15,960 --> 00:16:18,280
And the black outline separately.
Yeah.
288
00:16:20,520 --> 00:16:25,200
It must've taken the artists months
to decorate this tiny tomb.
289
00:16:25,360 --> 00:16:29,320
It's OK?
Yep. Oh! (LAUGHS)
290
00:16:30,840 --> 00:16:32,520
Wow.
291
00:16:32,680 --> 00:16:35,600
The mind boggles
how long it would've taken
292
00:16:35,760 --> 00:16:38,080
to paint the great royal tombs.
293
00:16:39,960 --> 00:16:43,480
Which makes me wonder
if Tut's 10-year reign
294
00:16:43,640 --> 00:16:47,520
just wasn't long enough
to build him a suitable tomb.
295
00:16:47,680 --> 00:16:51,680
To see if it was possible,
Dan and I have special permission
296
00:16:51,840 --> 00:16:55,320
to visit the resting place
of Tut's great-grandfather,
297
00:16:55,480 --> 00:16:57,920
a tomb closed to the public.
298
00:16:58,080 --> 00:17:02,080
Well, here we are, this is KV43,
299
00:17:02,240 --> 00:17:04,560
the tomb of Thutmose IV,
300
00:17:04,720 --> 00:17:06,880
and I'm really interested
in seeing the comparisons
301
00:17:07,040 --> 00:17:10,680
between Tutankhamun's tomb
and this tomb and what the size is.
302
00:17:10,840 --> 00:17:12,320
Well, yeah, because it's...
303
00:17:12,480 --> 00:17:15,040
It's tempting to think they're
gonna be very similar, isn't it?
304
00:17:15,200 --> 00:17:18,600
Because they were only
65 years apart, they ruled
for the same amount of time,
305
00:17:18,760 --> 00:17:20,600
so the comparison
will be fascinating.
306
00:17:22,320 --> 00:17:26,200
This tomb was excavated
by none other than Howard Carter
307
00:17:26,360 --> 00:17:29,800
19 years
before he unearthed Tut's tomb.
308
00:17:30,960 --> 00:17:32,920
We're hoping it can shed some light
309
00:17:33,080 --> 00:17:38,040
on whether there is any link between
a short reign and a small plain tomb.
310
00:17:38,200 --> 00:17:40,400
Look at this corridor running down.
311
00:17:40,560 --> 00:17:43,800
I just love the precision.
I know. Then what is this room here?
312
00:17:43,960 --> 00:17:46,400
This is... Ooh, hello,
there's some painting on this one.
313
00:17:46,560 --> 00:17:49,360
Oh.
Oh, look at this!
314
00:17:50,400 --> 00:17:51,960
That's extraordinary.
315
00:17:52,120 --> 00:17:55,440
I love the painting here
and then this quilt of stars above us
316
00:17:55,600 --> 00:17:57,800
and, funnily enough,
not much decoration on that side.
317
00:17:57,960 --> 00:18:00,200
I wonder if it was unfinished.
Yeah, it is unfinished.
318
00:18:00,360 --> 00:18:01,880
'Cause you can kind of see...
319
00:18:02,040 --> 00:18:04,520
Can you see how it's rough there?
Then it smooths out.
320
00:18:04,680 --> 00:18:06,680
So they've actually plastered
this upper bit
321
00:18:06,840 --> 00:18:08,800
and they've started
doing the decorations.
322
00:18:08,960 --> 00:18:11,080
And the thing I really love,
which is really sweet,
323
00:18:11,240 --> 00:18:15,200
can you see that somebody has
started practising the star pattern?
324
00:18:15,360 --> 00:18:17,360
This motif that is running
all the way through.
325
00:18:17,520 --> 00:18:19,720
Is it reasonable, therefore,
to speculate
326
00:18:19,880 --> 00:18:21,840
that the 9, 10 years
he was on the throne
327
00:18:22,000 --> 00:18:24,560
was long enough
to dig a massive great hole
328
00:18:24,720 --> 00:18:26,000
in the side of the mountain -
329
00:18:26,160 --> 00:18:27,320
this is a big tomb -
330
00:18:27,480 --> 00:18:30,800
but not enough time to do all the,
you know, the interior design on it?
331
00:18:30,960 --> 00:18:32,880
They haven't completed the zhuzhing.
332
00:18:33,040 --> 00:18:36,200
They haven't zhuzhed it up.
Is that an archaeological term?
333
00:18:36,360 --> 00:18:38,320
It is now. (LAUGHS)
Shall we go? Let's go.
334
00:18:38,480 --> 00:18:39,960
As we head deeper...
335
00:18:40,120 --> 00:18:42,760
Alright, watch your head, Raksha,
on this. Don't hurt yourself.
336
00:18:42,920 --> 00:18:45,920
..it's clear that the tomb builders
simply ran out of time
337
00:18:46,080 --> 00:18:47,560
to decorate this space.
338
00:18:47,720 --> 00:18:51,200
Isn't it interesting? No plaster,
no hieroglyphs, no artwork at all.
339
00:18:51,360 --> 00:18:54,680
It hasn't been zhuzhed, as you say.
No zhuzh. It is all rock hewn.
340
00:18:54,840 --> 00:18:57,200
There's no decoration here.
341
00:18:57,360 --> 00:18:59,720
But it keeps on going down.
342
00:19:04,200 --> 00:19:08,160
So, a short reign COULD be the reason
for an undecorated tomb.
343
00:19:09,520 --> 00:19:11,320
Wait for it.
Here we go, this is it.
344
00:19:11,480 --> 00:19:13,400
Whoa! Look at that!
345
00:19:13,560 --> 00:19:16,440
Oh, my goodness, but how interesting,
it's completely plain.
346
00:19:16,600 --> 00:19:19,960
So the burial chamber is actually...
It's completely unfinished.
347
00:19:20,120 --> 00:19:23,280
It's unfinished.
Absolutely unfinished.
348
00:19:23,440 --> 00:19:25,400
But it is enormous,
349
00:19:25,560 --> 00:19:31,360
proving 10 years WAS enough time
to build a full-sized pharaoh's tomb.
350
00:19:31,520 --> 00:19:35,760
So if Tut's tiny tomb
wasn't the result of his short reign,
351
00:19:35,920 --> 00:19:39,680
maybe it was because he died
at only 19.
352
00:19:39,840 --> 00:19:43,680
Perhaps his death was so sudden,
it took everyone by surprise.
353
00:19:48,160 --> 00:19:52,080
We've been investigating
what may have killed Tutankhamun.
354
00:19:52,240 --> 00:19:55,400
Last time I looked at those CT scans,
they seemed to show that
355
00:19:55,560 --> 00:19:59,200
Tutankhamun might have had
an inherited disease.
356
00:19:59,360 --> 00:20:03,320
A bone wasting disease
and possibly a clubbed foot.
357
00:20:03,480 --> 00:20:07,600
Although debilitating,
these were not fatal.
358
00:20:07,760 --> 00:20:10,120
Evidence from foods in his tomb
359
00:20:10,280 --> 00:20:14,000
suggest he may well have had
malaria when he died.
360
00:20:14,160 --> 00:20:17,040
Could this have caused his death?
361
00:20:17,200 --> 00:20:19,320
Today I'm turning back
to modern science
362
00:20:19,480 --> 00:20:23,080
to see if we can identify
just what killed him.
363
00:20:23,240 --> 00:20:28,880
I'm re-examining Tut's CT scans
with Professor Frank Ruhli.
364
00:20:29,040 --> 00:20:35,360
This 3D body allows us to peel back
the layers from skin to skeleton.
365
00:20:35,520 --> 00:20:38,360
So what does this incredible
virtual autopsy
366
00:20:38,520 --> 00:20:41,320
tell us about
how Tutankhamun might have died?
367
00:20:41,480 --> 00:20:43,000
It tells us quite a lot,
368
00:20:43,160 --> 00:20:45,440
despite the fact
that he's not well preserved,
369
00:20:45,600 --> 00:20:47,840
that he shows a lot of damage.
370
00:20:48,000 --> 00:20:52,120
All over the body you see
a lot of cracks and fractures
371
00:20:52,280 --> 00:20:54,080
and lesions all over.
372
00:20:54,240 --> 00:20:57,960
We can focus on one particular area,
which is the left knee region,
373
00:20:58,120 --> 00:21:02,160
which may give us some indication
about his potential cause of death.
374
00:21:02,320 --> 00:21:04,680
So we are talking about
this area here.
375
00:21:04,840 --> 00:21:06,280
The left knee region.
376
00:21:06,440 --> 00:21:09,240
Here, with the right one you see
there is a difference.
377
00:21:09,400 --> 00:21:12,160
It looks smashed if you compare
with the normal one
378
00:21:12,320 --> 00:21:13,880
on the right-hand side.
379
00:21:14,040 --> 00:21:16,640
You clearly see that you actually
have a fracture line
380
00:21:16,800 --> 00:21:19,200
going inside of the bone,
381
00:21:19,360 --> 00:21:21,360
which is not present
on the right-hand side.
382
00:21:21,520 --> 00:21:24,320
So, it would have been
a big, dramatic wound?
383
00:21:24,480 --> 00:21:25,920
It's a major blow.
384
00:21:26,080 --> 00:21:29,560
It's definitely life-threatening.
385
00:21:29,720 --> 00:21:31,240
The femur -
386
00:21:31,400 --> 00:21:36,640
the largest bone in the human body -
is completely snapped.
387
00:21:36,800 --> 00:21:40,040
What kind of force is required
to break that bone like that?
388
00:21:40,200 --> 00:21:42,720
It definitely needs a major blow
or impact
389
00:21:42,880 --> 00:21:46,200
like if you fall down from
the first, second floor somewhere
390
00:21:46,360 --> 00:21:49,240
or from a tree
or something similar to that.
391
00:21:50,560 --> 00:21:54,880
Nowadays, injuries like this
are often suffered in car crashes.
392
00:21:55,040 --> 00:21:57,200
So if one of us
had this wound today,
393
00:21:57,360 --> 00:22:00,440
this would be skin broken,
lots of bleeding, bones showing.
394
00:22:00,600 --> 00:22:02,680
I mean, you'd have to be
hospitalised immediately.
395
00:22:02,840 --> 00:22:05,000
You can have massive acute bleeding
396
00:22:05,160 --> 00:22:07,800
and you can eventually have
an infection,
397
00:22:07,960 --> 00:22:11,840
especially if the skin is broken
and pathogens,
398
00:22:12,000 --> 00:22:14,480
bacteria, can go inside of the bone.
399
00:22:16,000 --> 00:22:17,480
Before modern medicine,
400
00:22:17,640 --> 00:22:21,000
this catastrophic injury would almost
certainly have been fatal.
401
00:22:24,120 --> 00:22:26,680
Would his life have been measured
in hours, minutes or days
402
00:22:26,840 --> 00:22:28,240
after that wound occurred?
403
00:22:28,400 --> 00:22:30,760
This is something
which probably would have killed him
404
00:22:30,920 --> 00:22:32,280
within a week or so.
405
00:22:33,880 --> 00:22:36,640
But just how did he break his leg?
406
00:22:36,800 --> 00:22:39,400
I went in search of answers.
407
00:22:42,600 --> 00:22:47,200
Experts believe one way a young king
could suffer such a terrible injury
408
00:22:47,360 --> 00:22:48,960
was in battle.
409
00:22:51,640 --> 00:22:55,880
But was Egypt even at war during
the short reign of Tutankhamun?
410
00:22:56,040 --> 00:23:01,520
To find out, I'm heading to the tomb
built for the head of Tut's army,
411
00:23:01,680 --> 00:23:04,040
General Horemheb.
412
00:23:05,440 --> 00:23:09,840
Horemheb was one of two
exceptionally powerful men,
413
00:23:10,000 --> 00:23:13,120
who seemed to pretty much
govern Egypt
414
00:23:13,280 --> 00:23:17,320
during the childhood years
of King Tutankhamun.
415
00:23:18,600 --> 00:23:21,560
This was a tomb complex
built for Horemheb.
416
00:23:21,720 --> 00:23:25,320
28 metres below the ground
is a tomb chamber.
417
00:23:25,480 --> 00:23:28,560
These buildings above the ground
were a kind of temple complex.
418
00:23:28,720 --> 00:23:31,120
People could come here,
they could remember Horemheb
419
00:23:31,280 --> 00:23:34,400
and they could make offerings
to his spirit.
420
00:23:36,040 --> 00:23:38,440
Crucially, the walls
are covered with carvings
421
00:23:38,600 --> 00:23:41,560
depicting events
from the reign of Tutankhamun.
422
00:23:44,120 --> 00:23:48,840
Dr Colleen Darnell is helping me
look for evidence of warfare.
423
00:23:50,240 --> 00:23:52,520
Hey, Colleen. How are you doing?
Hello.
424
00:23:52,680 --> 00:23:55,480
These are beautiful, aren't they?
Wow. So what are we looking at here?
425
00:23:55,640 --> 00:24:00,000
We have Horemheb
being awarded the gold of valour
426
00:24:00,160 --> 00:24:02,120
by the Pharaoh Tutankhamun.
427
00:24:02,280 --> 00:24:05,720
And he's decorating his most
successful general for success
428
00:24:05,880 --> 00:24:06,960
and valour in battle.
429
00:24:07,120 --> 00:24:08,280
Exactly.
430
00:24:08,440 --> 00:24:11,600
You have the golden necklaces
that represent his victory.
431
00:24:11,760 --> 00:24:15,320
And Tutankhamun, unfortunately,
is only preserved here,
432
00:24:15,480 --> 00:24:21,360
but we can see his feet right there
and those of his wife, Ankhesenamun.
433
00:24:21,520 --> 00:24:24,280
These are Tutankhamun's feet?
Those ARE Tutankhamun's feet.
434
00:24:24,440 --> 00:24:26,520
I'll take that.
I think that's very exciting.
435
00:24:26,680 --> 00:24:28,080
That's better than nothing.
436
00:24:28,240 --> 00:24:31,240
For Tut to decorate Horemheb
for valour,
437
00:24:31,400 --> 00:24:33,040
there must have been battles.
438
00:24:33,200 --> 00:24:35,240
But who were they fighting?
439
00:24:35,400 --> 00:24:40,880
We have many, many captives
from some of his military campaigns.
440
00:24:41,040 --> 00:24:43,160
So these are all prisoners of war?
They are!
441
00:24:43,320 --> 00:24:47,160
So here we have the Nubian
populations to the south of Egypt.
442
00:24:47,320 --> 00:24:50,040
Here we have what we call Asiatics -
443
00:24:50,200 --> 00:24:52,480
people beyond
Egypt's north-eastern border,
444
00:24:52,640 --> 00:24:56,400
and here Libyans, who would have
lived to the west of Egypt.
445
00:24:56,560 --> 00:24:58,600
So Horemheb has done the Grand Slam,
446
00:24:58,760 --> 00:25:02,000
he's taken out the people
from the south, the north and east,
447
00:25:02,160 --> 00:25:03,800
and also the Libyans to the west.
448
00:25:03,960 --> 00:25:05,200
Yes.
449
00:25:06,280 --> 00:25:09,720
These carvings reveal
that during Tutankhamun's reign,
450
00:25:09,880 --> 00:25:13,960
Egypt was campaigning
against all its neighbours.
451
00:25:14,120 --> 00:25:17,000
How much do we know about
the military history
of Tutankhamun's reign?
452
00:25:17,160 --> 00:25:19,080
I mean, do we know about
any specific battles?
453
00:25:19,240 --> 00:25:20,600
We know at least one -
454
00:25:20,760 --> 00:25:24,520
a battle at the very strategically
significant city in western Syria,
455
00:25:24,680 --> 00:25:26,160
known as Kadesh.
456
00:25:26,320 --> 00:25:29,760
And that major battle
seems to have happened
457
00:25:29,920 --> 00:25:32,160
about the time
of Tutankhamun's death.
458
00:25:32,320 --> 00:25:34,360
So Tutankhamun
could have been present,
459
00:25:34,520 --> 00:25:36,320
sustained a wound
that lead to his death?
460
00:25:36,480 --> 00:25:38,280
It's certainly a possibility.
461
00:25:38,440 --> 00:25:42,040
So Tutankhamun
was not only fighting wars,
462
00:25:42,200 --> 00:25:46,160
but the battle at Kadesh
coincided with his death.
463
00:25:47,520 --> 00:25:51,040
But one thing we are not able
to be certain about,
464
00:25:51,200 --> 00:25:53,040
still no hard evidence
465
00:25:53,200 --> 00:25:55,720
for Tutankhamun leading his troops
on the front line,
466
00:25:55,880 --> 00:25:58,960
we still don't know what his role was
as a pharaoh.
467
00:25:59,120 --> 00:26:02,080
Tantalising to think he could have
been at that battle at Kadesh,
468
00:26:02,240 --> 00:26:05,680
he could have sustained a leg injury
which cost him his life.
469
00:26:05,840 --> 00:26:08,640
But I wonder whether
the objects found in his tomb
470
00:26:08,800 --> 00:26:11,640
will give me
a little bit more evidence.
471
00:26:14,040 --> 00:26:17,120
So my next stop
is the Egyptian Museum,
472
00:26:17,280 --> 00:26:20,800
where the most famous of all
the treasures found in Tut's tomb
473
00:26:20,960 --> 00:26:22,720
are on display.
474
00:26:26,000 --> 00:26:28,840
Every year, thousands of people
crowd this museum,
475
00:26:29,000 --> 00:26:31,200
drawn by the gold and the jewels
476
00:26:31,360 --> 00:26:34,760
and all the precious metals from all
the objects in Tutankhamun's tomb.
477
00:26:34,920 --> 00:26:36,440
But let me tell you,
478
00:26:36,600 --> 00:26:39,320
for the true connoisseurs of history,
479
00:26:39,480 --> 00:26:42,280
the most important single object
in this museum
480
00:26:42,440 --> 00:26:44,800
is not covered in gold or jewels.
481
00:26:44,960 --> 00:26:47,840
No, it's an old wooden box.
482
00:26:48,480 --> 00:26:50,120
And here it is.
483
00:26:50,280 --> 00:26:53,440
Not only is it
astonishingly beautiful,
484
00:26:53,600 --> 00:26:56,320
intricately painted
on every inch of its surface,
485
00:26:56,480 --> 00:26:58,560
it's also a miracle of preservation -
486
00:26:58,720 --> 00:27:02,720
a wooden box surviving
from over 3,000 years ago -
487
00:27:02,880 --> 00:27:07,160
but also it is packed
with wonderful detail,
488
00:27:07,320 --> 00:27:09,080
allowing us to build a picture
489
00:27:09,240 --> 00:27:11,960
of what life was like
in Tutankhamun's Egypt.
490
00:27:12,120 --> 00:27:16,080
Particularly how he either lived
or wanted us to see him.
491
00:27:19,200 --> 00:27:22,240
On either side,
you've got battle scenes.
492
00:27:22,400 --> 00:27:25,560
Tutankhamun presenting himself
as the great warrior King
493
00:27:25,720 --> 00:27:27,960
leading his troops into battle.
494
00:27:30,120 --> 00:27:34,200
He is about to release an arrow
into the mass of the enemy,
495
00:27:34,360 --> 00:27:35,720
sowing confusion,
496
00:27:35,880 --> 00:27:38,720
trampling the enemy
beneath the hooves of his horses
497
00:27:38,880 --> 00:27:40,600
and the wheels of his chariot.
498
00:27:41,600 --> 00:27:43,600
Once again, it's the Nubian foe,
499
00:27:43,760 --> 00:27:46,800
the Africans who lived in the south
of Ancient Egypt.
500
00:27:46,960 --> 00:27:50,560
On the other side, he is doing
the same to the Asiatics,
501
00:27:50,720 --> 00:27:53,040
the people
from what is now the Middle East.
502
00:27:54,360 --> 00:27:56,920
Now, Tutankhamun wouldn't be
the first Egyptian pharaoh
503
00:27:57,080 --> 00:27:58,440
or the first ruler - full stop -
504
00:27:58,600 --> 00:28:00,520
to present themselves
in military splendour,
505
00:28:00,680 --> 00:28:02,840
when in fact they'd never seen
a battle in their lives,
506
00:28:03,000 --> 00:28:06,000
but this does raise
the tantalising question
507
00:28:06,160 --> 00:28:08,760
that he could have led his men
into battle
508
00:28:08,920 --> 00:28:10,400
where he could have been wounded
509
00:28:10,560 --> 00:28:12,840
and that might have led to his death.
510
00:28:13,000 --> 00:28:16,280
As with so many things
in Tutankhamun's tomb,
511
00:28:16,440 --> 00:28:20,280
it provides some answers
but raises questions as well.
512
00:28:23,360 --> 00:28:26,720
This exquisite object
was just one of the hundreds
513
00:28:26,880 --> 00:28:30,120
Carter found in the first chamber
of Tut's tomb.
514
00:28:31,640 --> 00:28:35,200
On 16 December 1922,
515
00:28:35,360 --> 00:28:37,600
three weeks after that discovery,
516
00:28:37,760 --> 00:28:39,640
he began the monumental task
517
00:28:39,800 --> 00:28:44,160
of systematically recording
the mountains of priceless artefacts.
518
00:28:45,320 --> 00:28:49,000
There weren't just the treasures
piled high in this chamber
that Carter had to deal with,
519
00:28:49,160 --> 00:28:53,040
because over here, he was very
excited to make another discovery.
520
00:28:53,200 --> 00:28:56,440
Down here, he noticed a ragged hole.
521
00:28:57,560 --> 00:28:59,960
He grabbed hold
of a portable electric light,
522
00:29:00,120 --> 00:29:01,400
thrust it through,
523
00:29:01,560 --> 00:29:05,520
and to his amazement
discovered this second chamber.
524
00:29:06,880 --> 00:29:12,320
The entrance was hidden behind a
golden throne under a golden couch.
525
00:29:14,320 --> 00:29:17,200
This second chamber
was smaller than the first,
526
00:29:17,360 --> 00:29:20,560
but completely crammed
with a jumble of everyday items
527
00:29:20,720 --> 00:29:23,480
to sustain Tut in his afterlife.
528
00:29:26,160 --> 00:29:31,360
Inside those two rooms,
there were more than 1,000 objects.
529
00:29:32,360 --> 00:29:34,720
Now, previous generations
of treasure hunters
530
00:29:34,880 --> 00:29:37,200
would have simply cleaned
the lot out in a couple of days
531
00:29:37,360 --> 00:29:39,240
and flogged them all
to antiquities dealers.
532
00:29:39,400 --> 00:29:43,160
But Carter
was a new kind of archaeologist.
533
00:29:43,320 --> 00:29:46,920
He was determined
that he would log and photograph
534
00:29:47,080 --> 00:29:49,520
every single thing in those rooms,
535
00:29:49,680 --> 00:29:53,120
and, thankfully,
those original documents survive.
536
00:29:53,280 --> 00:29:56,160
When I was back in the UK, I went
to Oxford to have a look at them.
537
00:29:59,320 --> 00:30:01,280
So this is the Griffith Institute
538
00:30:01,440 --> 00:30:04,680
and it was here that
Howard Carter's personal papers
539
00:30:04,840 --> 00:30:06,480
were deposited after his death,
540
00:30:06,640 --> 00:30:08,600
and that includes his diary
541
00:30:08,760 --> 00:30:11,920
and all of his
carefully hand-written notes
542
00:30:12,080 --> 00:30:14,120
that he took during the excavation.
543
00:30:17,880 --> 00:30:21,240
These documents will show me
how Carter tackled the task
544
00:30:21,400 --> 00:30:24,600
of logging all the priceless
treasures he'd discovered.
545
00:30:25,880 --> 00:30:29,840
The Griffith Institute is home
to one of the most important
546
00:30:30,000 --> 00:30:33,400
and remarkable documents
in the history of archaeology.
547
00:30:33,560 --> 00:30:36,080
This old, tatty ring binder,
548
00:30:36,240 --> 00:30:39,840
with the squared paper used
by draftsmen all over the world,
549
00:30:40,000 --> 00:30:42,360
is Howard Carter's journal.
550
00:30:42,520 --> 00:30:46,240
It's minutely accurate - there's
no mistakes on this page at all.
551
00:30:46,400 --> 00:30:50,360
You really get a sense
of his single-minded hunt
for perfection here,
552
00:30:50,520 --> 00:30:52,240
and you can see it
in his prose as well.
553
00:30:52,400 --> 00:30:54,840
"Everywhere, we found
an utter confusion of beds,
554
00:30:55,000 --> 00:31:01,840
"chairs, boxes, alabasters, vases,
statues lying upon the floor."
555
00:31:03,080 --> 00:31:08,280
There is nothing as exciting for true
lovers of history and archaeology
556
00:31:08,440 --> 00:31:12,240
as getting close to the original
objects like this journal.
557
00:31:14,080 --> 00:31:16,280
And I'm just as thrilled
to see how Carter
558
00:31:16,440 --> 00:31:19,080
painstakingly logged every discovery.
559
00:31:20,400 --> 00:31:25,480
Cat Warsi is kindly letting me delve
into Carter's original records.
560
00:31:26,840 --> 00:31:28,240
Wow, I don't believe it.
561
00:31:28,400 --> 00:31:32,160
So each one of these is a card
referring to a single object
found in Tutankhamun's tomb?
562
00:31:32,320 --> 00:31:34,040
Yep, all written by
Carter and his team.
563
00:31:34,200 --> 00:31:35,560
No way, that's amazing.
564
00:31:35,720 --> 00:31:37,520
And surely
that's quite a modern concept.
565
00:31:37,680 --> 00:31:41,960
I can't believe there are
archaeologists doing this level of
professionalism detail before him?
566
00:31:42,120 --> 00:31:43,760
Not in so much detail, no.
567
00:31:43,920 --> 00:31:46,240
So if I just have a little
flick through I'll just see...
568
00:31:46,400 --> 00:31:47,520
Yep.
What's that? Gold.
569
00:31:47,680 --> 00:31:50,000
That's caught my eye - gold.
Gold ring.
570
00:31:50,160 --> 00:31:51,160
That's what we need.
571
00:31:51,320 --> 00:31:53,560
"From a robe?"
572
00:31:54,560 --> 00:31:56,760
It's great fun
watching him speculate
573
00:31:56,920 --> 00:31:59,480
through what he is
writing down, questions.
574
00:31:59,640 --> 00:32:02,640
Wondering what these might have been
used for thousands of years before.
575
00:32:02,800 --> 00:32:04,440
Thank goodness
they discovered the tomb
576
00:32:04,600 --> 00:32:06,160
and not some other
gang of cowboys.
577
00:32:06,320 --> 00:32:07,920
Yes, we are very lucky with Carter.
578
00:32:08,080 --> 00:32:11,120
Every single object
was numbered and photographed,
579
00:32:11,280 --> 00:32:14,520
and there are some discoveries
we'd know nothing about today
580
00:32:14,680 --> 00:32:16,760
if it wasn't for Carter's system.
581
00:32:18,280 --> 00:32:21,760
For example, my favourite -
the wonderful painted box -
582
00:32:21,920 --> 00:32:25,400
contained a wealth
of fragile textiles.
583
00:32:26,600 --> 00:32:29,840
It looks to me like many of these
items would have been destroyed
584
00:32:30,000 --> 00:32:33,560
the instant
they were removed from this box.
Yep.
585
00:32:33,720 --> 00:32:37,160
So now the only record we have
of the markings or the objects
586
00:32:37,320 --> 00:32:38,640
are just from these notes.
587
00:32:38,800 --> 00:32:41,000
Yep,
certainly with things like fabrics.
588
00:32:41,160 --> 00:32:43,800
Almost as soon as you breathe on it,
it just sort of disintegrates.
589
00:32:43,960 --> 00:32:46,360
That's why these photographs
are so important.
590
00:32:46,520 --> 00:32:51,040
So Tutankhamun's tomb is as famous
in the archaeological community
591
00:32:51,200 --> 00:32:57,880
for all these new and remarkable
methods of conservation
592
00:32:58,040 --> 00:32:59,640
as it is in just the general public
593
00:32:59,800 --> 00:33:01,480
for all the beautiful stuff
that came out?
594
00:33:01,640 --> 00:33:03,721
Mm. Yes. Yeah.
595
00:33:03,721 --> 00:33:06,481
Though Carter was a pioneer
of modern archaeology,
596
00:33:06,641 --> 00:33:11,521
his lifestyle while working on Tut's
tomb was rather more traditional.
597
00:33:13,441 --> 00:33:16,121
John has gone to find out more
about Carter
598
00:33:16,281 --> 00:33:19,481
and the life
of a 1920s gentleman archaeologist.
599
00:33:23,681 --> 00:33:27,961
Goodness me, I thought
riding that camel was bad enough!
600
00:33:30,041 --> 00:33:33,681
The things I do in the interest
of authentic journalism.
601
00:33:33,841 --> 00:33:38,201
Right, well, this is my first time
travelling on a donkey
602
00:33:38,361 --> 00:33:40,721
and I have to say,
it's extremely uncomfortable.
603
00:33:40,881 --> 00:33:42,521
But I'm getting into the mood
604
00:33:42,681 --> 00:33:47,561
because this is how Howard Carter
would travel every morning.
605
00:33:47,721 --> 00:33:50,521
He would go from his house over here
606
00:33:50,681 --> 00:33:53,481
two and a half miles
across those hills
607
00:33:53,641 --> 00:33:55,121
to the Valley of the Kings,
608
00:33:55,281 --> 00:33:57,161
so this would be his daily commute.
609
00:33:57,321 --> 00:33:59,201
So, on we go.
610
00:33:59,361 --> 00:34:02,481
Carter's house,
nicknamed Castle Carter,
611
00:34:02,641 --> 00:34:06,881
was built for him by his wealthy
sponsor, Lord Carnarvon.
612
00:34:09,561 --> 00:34:12,041
It's an extraordinary time capsule.
613
00:34:12,201 --> 00:34:18,481
Everything's pretty much as it was
when Carter discovered Tut's tomb.
614
00:34:18,641 --> 00:34:20,761
This is the kitchen.
615
00:34:20,921 --> 00:34:23,601
Look at this, there's an old cooker.
616
00:34:23,761 --> 00:34:26,041
And bits and pieces.
617
00:34:26,201 --> 00:34:30,201
Ah, but this is important -
an ancient fridge.
618
00:34:30,361 --> 00:34:33,801
And in this climate,
it may look awful
619
00:34:33,961 --> 00:34:38,201
but this would be vital,
absolutely vital.
620
00:34:38,361 --> 00:34:40,441
There's even the dark room,
621
00:34:40,601 --> 00:34:44,281
where those famous photographs
of Tut's tomb were developed.
622
00:34:44,441 --> 00:34:48,441
You can imagine the tension
for the first photographs.
623
00:34:48,601 --> 00:34:52,161
They come into the dark room
and they develop them.
624
00:34:52,321 --> 00:34:56,281
But have they caught the stupendous
nature of their discovery?
625
00:34:56,441 --> 00:34:59,801
Gosh, the tension here
must have been terrific.
626
00:34:59,961 --> 00:35:01,561
And then they saw the pictures
627
00:35:01,721 --> 00:35:04,161
and relief, just relief,
628
00:35:04,321 --> 00:35:08,001
they'd got it and the world
would see what they had seen.
629
00:35:12,561 --> 00:35:14,881
And this was Howard Carter's study
630
00:35:15,041 --> 00:35:18,601
almost exactly as it was
when he lived here.
631
00:35:18,761 --> 00:35:23,201
This is the desk on which he wrote
his famous journal,
632
00:35:23,361 --> 00:35:24,841
and everything he needs.
633
00:35:25,001 --> 00:35:29,561
He's got pots of ink,
got a lamp, the radio,
634
00:35:29,721 --> 00:35:31,881
gramophone, and I like this -
635
00:35:32,041 --> 00:35:33,561
that's the umbrella stand.
636
00:35:33,721 --> 00:35:36,281
An Englishman doesn't travel
without an umbrella.
637
00:35:36,441 --> 00:35:39,921
And through there on the terrace,
is the lounger,
638
00:35:40,081 --> 00:35:43,481
and Lord Carnarvon
was photographed sitting on that
639
00:35:43,641 --> 00:35:46,481
when he came to visit Howard Carter.
640
00:35:46,641 --> 00:35:49,761
So...history - wonderful.
641
00:35:52,881 --> 00:35:55,561
But some things
essential for genteel living
642
00:35:55,721 --> 00:35:59,241
just weren't to be found
in 1920s Egypt.
643
00:36:02,001 --> 00:36:05,961
The very rich Lord Carnarvon
would regularly send Howard Carter
644
00:36:06,121 --> 00:36:08,681
a hamper from Fortnum and Masons
645
00:36:08,841 --> 00:36:13,881
full of all the delicacies required
of an English gentleman abroad.
646
00:36:14,041 --> 00:36:16,401
There would be fine wine.
647
00:36:16,561 --> 00:36:19,361
There'd be potted meat.
648
00:36:19,521 --> 00:36:24,161
Now, they used to make one of these
with quails stuffed with foie gras,
649
00:36:24,321 --> 00:36:26,841
but, sadly,
they don't do that anymore.
650
00:36:27,001 --> 00:36:30,481
There'd be Dundee cake, biscuits
651
00:36:30,641 --> 00:36:33,721
and the all-important boiled sweets.
652
00:36:34,521 --> 00:36:39,721
Out of the dig site, Carter and
his team enjoyed sit-down lunches.
653
00:36:39,881 --> 00:36:43,361
On special occasions,
dinner was eaten in royal tombs
654
00:36:43,521 --> 00:36:46,801
complete with white table cloth
and waiters.
655
00:36:48,721 --> 00:36:53,161
Fine wine, choice delicacies
and buried treasure.
656
00:36:53,321 --> 00:36:58,801
I think I would have enjoyed the
life of this 1920s archaeologist.
657
00:36:58,961 --> 00:37:00,241
Cheers.
658
00:37:06,801 --> 00:37:10,081
It's thanks to Carter's
incredible discovery in the 1920s
659
00:37:10,241 --> 00:37:14,561
we are able to investigate
the cause of Tutankhamun's death.
660
00:37:18,161 --> 00:37:20,601
We believe that very shortly
before his death,
661
00:37:20,761 --> 00:37:25,281
King Tutankhamun suffered a terrible
accident which shattered his leg.
662
00:37:25,441 --> 00:37:28,001
Now, that might have killed him
instantly, but if it didn't,
663
00:37:28,161 --> 00:37:30,121
it would have been pretty clear
that he was dying.
664
00:37:31,281 --> 00:37:33,721
We're investigating
how the young pharaoh
665
00:37:33,881 --> 00:37:35,601
suffered such a violent injury.
666
00:37:35,761 --> 00:37:40,241
I'm starting to believe
it happened on the battlefield,
667
00:37:40,401 --> 00:37:43,481
although I'm still trying
to convince Raksha.
668
00:37:43,641 --> 00:37:49,081
The wonderful painted box showed Tut
as a warrior, but wasn't conclusive.
669
00:37:50,161 --> 00:37:53,041
So we're heading back
to the Grand Egyptian Museum
670
00:37:53,201 --> 00:37:55,761
to see if other items
found in Tut's tomb
671
00:37:55,921 --> 00:37:58,681
reveal if he was killed in battle.
672
00:37:59,881 --> 00:38:02,041
So here we are -
kids in a candy store.
673
00:38:02,201 --> 00:38:04,601
Behind the scenes
in the Grand Egyptian museum
674
00:38:04,761 --> 00:38:07,481
surrounded by objects
from King Tut's tomb,
675
00:38:07,641 --> 00:38:09,361
and I look at them
and I'm kind of thinking
676
00:38:09,521 --> 00:38:11,961
I know more about the man,
I know what he was like in real life.
677
00:38:12,121 --> 00:38:14,041
Well, I'm just going to rein you in
there.
678
00:38:14,201 --> 00:38:16,601
I'm going to throw in
my cynical archaeology card
679
00:38:16,761 --> 00:38:19,321
and just let you
think about the fact
680
00:38:19,481 --> 00:38:21,761
that some of these objects
were for his everyday life
681
00:38:21,921 --> 00:38:25,281
but a lot of them
were just purely ceremonial.
682
00:38:25,441 --> 00:38:27,321
Yeah, I know, that's the...
that is the problem
683
00:38:27,481 --> 00:38:29,561
because you think,
well, actually, look at our Queen
684
00:38:29,721 --> 00:38:31,681
and she's constantly surrounded by
giant swords
685
00:38:31,841 --> 00:38:34,361
but she's never whacked anyone
with a blade, that we know about.
686
00:38:34,521 --> 00:38:35,841
Not yet, no.
(LAUGHS)
687
00:38:37,921 --> 00:38:41,481
A vast quantity of weaponry
was discovered in the tomb.
688
00:38:41,641 --> 00:38:46,961
I want to see if, like the Queen's
swords, they were purely ceremonial.
689
00:38:48,801 --> 00:38:52,401
Hassan, can I have a look at this
bow here with this beautiful carving
on the end?
690
00:38:52,561 --> 00:38:54,881
There were 46 bows.
691
00:38:55,041 --> 00:39:00,361
Some are ornamental
but others have clearly been used.
692
00:39:00,521 --> 00:39:02,401
What are these ones here?
These tiny ones.
693
00:39:02,561 --> 00:39:04,201
That's a small bow.
694
00:39:04,361 --> 00:39:05,721
From his childhood?
695
00:39:05,881 --> 00:39:07,481
Yes.
Wow.
696
00:39:07,641 --> 00:39:09,321
So he'd have been shooting arrows
697
00:39:09,481 --> 00:39:11,841
obviously from the very earliest
childhood,
698
00:39:12,001 --> 00:39:14,041
training himself to be a bowman.
699
00:39:14,201 --> 00:39:17,041
Obviously hunting a massive pastime
of kings around the world
700
00:39:17,201 --> 00:39:22,161
but potentially also as training to
become a battlefield leader as well.
701
00:39:22,321 --> 00:39:25,481
And, of course, with bows,
there are arrows.
702
00:39:25,641 --> 00:39:28,121
More than 400 were found.
703
00:39:28,281 --> 00:39:31,361
Some with delicate blue glass tips.
704
00:39:31,521 --> 00:39:33,801
Others with ivory and metal.
705
00:39:33,961 --> 00:39:35,201
Look at these ones.
706
00:39:35,361 --> 00:39:37,721
God, these have got
a big tip on them.
Those are bronze.
707
00:39:37,881 --> 00:39:40,921
There is even
a very warlike shield.
708
00:39:41,081 --> 00:39:42,921
Shield of Tutankhamun.
Wow!
709
00:39:43,081 --> 00:39:44,921
Ho! With the animal skin still on it!
Yes.
710
00:39:45,081 --> 00:39:46,921
You can still see the original fur.
711
00:39:47,081 --> 00:39:49,601
His royal title there.
Magnificent shield.
712
00:39:49,761 --> 00:39:52,841
It would have announced his presence
on the battlefield potentially.
713
00:39:53,001 --> 00:39:56,201
At court... Who knows?
714
00:39:56,361 --> 00:40:00,401
Is this evidence that he once
led his armies in the field himself?
715
00:40:00,561 --> 00:40:02,321
I'm tempted to think so.
716
00:40:02,481 --> 00:40:08,001
Whether these items were for warfare
or hunting isn't clear,
717
00:40:08,161 --> 00:40:12,081
but we do know he had some
very snazzy wheels to go with them.
718
00:40:12,241 --> 00:40:15,081
Six chariots were found in the tomb.
719
00:40:15,285 --> 00:40:17,845
Well, here it is.
720
00:40:18,005 --> 00:40:21,325
The legendary golden chariot
of Tutankhamun.
721
00:40:21,485 --> 00:40:23,165
There were two of them
found in the tomb.
722
00:40:23,325 --> 00:40:25,445
They are both in here right now,
723
00:40:25,605 --> 00:40:30,165
being painstakingly preserved
by the team here.
724
00:40:30,325 --> 00:40:33,245
And there is nothing like this
725
00:40:33,405 --> 00:40:35,125
as beautiful, as intricate,
726
00:40:35,285 --> 00:40:38,285
as special as this
from this far back in history.
727
00:40:38,445 --> 00:40:41,925
But what is so staggering about it
is not just the gold,
728
00:40:42,085 --> 00:40:43,485
but it's the artistry on it.
729
00:40:43,645 --> 00:40:45,005
And if you look in here,
730
00:40:45,165 --> 00:40:46,925
you can start seeing
some of these figures
731
00:40:47,085 --> 00:40:49,525
that we recognise
from other sites that I've been to.
732
00:40:49,685 --> 00:40:51,685
Tutankhamun's name up there
is almost held up,
733
00:40:51,845 --> 00:40:56,845
it's almost supported by the
enslaved peoples of his empire.
734
00:40:57,005 --> 00:40:59,405
There we can see the Asiatics
with their shaved heads
735
00:40:59,565 --> 00:41:00,685
and their big beards.
736
00:41:00,845 --> 00:41:02,165
They're from further north,
737
00:41:02,325 --> 00:41:05,165
up into what we now call
the Middle East and Anatolia, Turkey.
738
00:41:05,325 --> 00:41:08,565
And then we've also got
the other great ancestral enemies
739
00:41:08,725 --> 00:41:11,405
of the Egyptians, the Nubians -
740
00:41:11,565 --> 00:41:14,605
people from what we now call Sudan -
and they are all bound up.
741
00:41:14,765 --> 00:41:17,285
Look, legs, arms,
incredibly uncomfortably,
742
00:41:17,445 --> 00:41:18,845
and I think this really suggests
743
00:41:19,005 --> 00:41:21,965
that whether or not he was actually
in the front line of battle himself,
744
00:41:22,125 --> 00:41:26,685
Tutankhamun saw himself
as a warrior king.
745
00:41:26,845 --> 00:41:30,245
The Pharaoh's job was to maintain
the empire of the Egyptians
746
00:41:30,405 --> 00:41:32,245
against these external foes,
747
00:41:32,405 --> 00:41:35,565
enslave them
and show them who was boss.
748
00:41:37,045 --> 00:41:39,285
This is undoubtedly
a ceremonial chariot.
749
00:41:39,445 --> 00:41:42,645
It's a bit like the way the Queen
travels in the golden coach today.
750
00:41:42,805 --> 00:41:46,005
It wasn't designed for the rough and
tumble of hunting or the battlefield
751
00:41:46,165 --> 00:41:48,765
and, in fact,
we know it was very rarely used
752
00:41:48,925 --> 00:41:52,725
because of very little wear and tear
on the axel and the wheels.
753
00:41:52,885 --> 00:41:54,925
Now, less spectacular
but just as interesting
754
00:41:55,085 --> 00:41:57,085
are the other chariots
that were found in the tomb,
755
00:41:57,245 --> 00:41:58,605
and this is one of them.
756
00:41:58,765 --> 00:42:01,205
And as you can see,
this is designed for everyday use.
757
00:42:01,365 --> 00:42:02,605
This is street wear.
758
00:42:02,765 --> 00:42:03,845
A stripped down version.
759
00:42:04,005 --> 00:42:05,405
A plain wooden chariot.
760
00:42:05,565 --> 00:42:07,645
There would have been leather
on the floor
761
00:42:07,805 --> 00:42:09,005
and leather fronting here,
762
00:42:09,165 --> 00:42:11,485
which has all rotted away,
just leaving the wooden frame.
763
00:42:11,645 --> 00:42:12,885
And what is quite interesting
764
00:42:13,045 --> 00:42:15,485
is that two of these chariots
that were stored in the tomb
765
00:42:15,645 --> 00:42:19,845
show signs of having been involved
in an event like a collision.
766
00:42:20,005 --> 00:42:23,845
Now, what if these two chariots
were involved in a terrible collision
767
00:42:24,005 --> 00:42:27,885
and in that collision
Tutankhamun sustained his leg injury?
768
00:42:28,045 --> 00:42:32,125
Like so much else in this tomb,
there's lots of tantalising clues.
769
00:42:35,125 --> 00:42:37,365
These artefacts suggest to me
770
00:42:37,525 --> 00:42:40,325
Tutankhamun could have been
an active warrior king
771
00:42:40,485 --> 00:42:43,965
and suffered that leg injury
on military campaign.
772
00:42:46,925 --> 00:42:50,565
Raksha, on the other hand,
is far from convinced.
773
00:42:52,045 --> 00:42:56,885
Dan is getting a bit carried away
with his action-man Tut theory,
774
00:42:57,045 --> 00:43:01,085
because I think there's overwhelming
evidence it couldn't be true.
775
00:43:02,925 --> 00:43:06,685
The CT scan of his body
suggested bone degeneration
776
00:43:06,845 --> 00:43:08,165
and a clubbed foot.
777
00:43:09,205 --> 00:43:11,645
I want to see
if the objects in his tomb
778
00:43:11,805 --> 00:43:15,445
reveal how these impacted
his everyday life.
779
00:43:17,645 --> 00:43:19,045
Hello.
How are you?
780
00:43:19,205 --> 00:43:21,325
Dr Eissa?
Welcome. How are you?
781
00:43:21,485 --> 00:43:23,725
There's an awful lot
of walking sticks here.
782
00:43:23,885 --> 00:43:24,965
Yes.
783
00:43:25,125 --> 00:43:29,245
Over 130 walking sticks
were found in the tomb.
784
00:43:29,405 --> 00:43:32,285
Some of them
are exquisitely beautiful -
785
00:43:32,445 --> 00:43:35,245
just as you'd expect for a pharaoh.
786
00:43:35,405 --> 00:43:38,165
For example, which golden.
787
00:43:38,325 --> 00:43:40,285
(GASPS)
Used in ceremony.
788
00:43:40,445 --> 00:43:41,925
Look at that!
Mm-hm.
789
00:43:42,085 --> 00:43:44,525
Absolutely beautiful.
790
00:43:44,685 --> 00:43:46,925
This one looks like as though
it hasn't even been used.
791
00:43:47,085 --> 00:43:49,645
It looks in perfect condition.
Yes, very good condition.
792
00:43:49,805 --> 00:43:52,365
You've got these
individual figures on the bottom.
793
00:43:52,525 --> 00:43:56,285
And the top you have some
lapis lazuli there
794
00:43:56,445 --> 00:43:58,205
and all this, like, gold filigree.
795
00:43:58,365 --> 00:43:59,685
Very fancy.
796
00:43:59,845 --> 00:44:02,325
Yes, very, very good condition.
797
00:44:02,485 --> 00:44:04,765
What are these ones at the back,
with the figures on them?
798
00:44:04,925 --> 00:44:06,005
The same.
799
00:44:06,165 --> 00:44:09,405
The same. And also
very nice decoration of king.
800
00:44:09,565 --> 00:44:11,645
And what is that character
supposed to be?
801
00:44:11,805 --> 00:44:13,885
Of a Nubian?
802
00:44:14,045 --> 00:44:17,005
Yes.
By the way, this is not the top.
803
00:44:17,165 --> 00:44:19,405
It's not the top?
This is not the top.
804
00:44:19,565 --> 00:44:21,645
How...? Why is that not the top?
805
00:44:21,805 --> 00:44:24,085
'Cause he used it like this.
806
00:44:25,325 --> 00:44:27,565
So that would have gone
on the floor.
807
00:44:27,725 --> 00:44:30,445
It was as though he was crushing
the Nubians down as he's walking.
808
00:44:30,605 --> 00:44:32,405
Yes. Crushing the enemy,
yes, you are right.
809
00:44:32,565 --> 00:44:35,765
Charming character. (LAUGHS)
810
00:44:37,365 --> 00:44:41,085
These ornate sticks are a normal
part of a pharaoh's regalia,
811
00:44:41,245 --> 00:44:43,405
a bit like a bishop's crook.
812
00:44:43,565 --> 00:44:48,445
Statuettes of Tut found in the tomb
show him using them.
813
00:44:48,605 --> 00:44:53,045
But many of the walking sticks
are much more ordinary.
814
00:44:53,205 --> 00:44:55,885
Then you have these wooden ones.
Yes.
815
00:44:56,045 --> 00:44:57,685
That he would have used
in everyday life.
816
00:44:57,845 --> 00:44:58,965
Yes, yeah.
817
00:44:59,125 --> 00:45:01,165
And I can see from the tip...
Yes.
818
00:45:01,325 --> 00:45:04,245
..that he's obviously used it
quite a lot.
819
00:45:04,405 --> 00:45:07,965
These are not just here for show.
He actually really needed to use it.
820
00:45:08,125 --> 00:45:09,845
He just used all the time.
Yes.
821
00:45:10,005 --> 00:45:11,365
Every day, because he had to.
822
00:45:11,525 --> 00:45:13,285
Yes, you are right.
823
00:45:13,445 --> 00:45:16,085
And that's got a really stubby end.
824
00:45:16,245 --> 00:45:19,125
The end has almost come off,
actually, hasn't it?
825
00:45:19,285 --> 00:45:20,485
Yes.
826
00:45:20,645 --> 00:45:24,805
The sheer number of these
everyday sticks suggest to me
827
00:45:24,965 --> 00:45:28,165
that Tut needed them
just to get around.
828
00:45:28,325 --> 00:45:31,685
The fact that he was obviously
really reliant
829
00:45:31,845 --> 00:45:33,245
on all of those sticks,
830
00:45:33,405 --> 00:45:36,605
some of them have been worn away
almost to the nub,
831
00:45:36,765 --> 00:45:41,005
means that he wasn't able
to stand upright just by himself,
832
00:45:41,165 --> 00:45:44,485
never mind drive a chariot
by himself.
833
00:45:44,645 --> 00:45:47,165
I just...I just don't believe it.
834
00:45:49,045 --> 00:45:52,005
So if Raksha doesn't buy into
my active warrior king,
835
00:45:52,165 --> 00:45:56,325
how does she think Tut could have
suffered such a massive leg fracture?
836
00:45:58,285 --> 00:46:00,965
So what do you think? How did he die?
What are the theories?
837
00:46:01,125 --> 00:46:04,285
One is that
he was in a malarial fever
838
00:46:04,445 --> 00:46:06,125
and he fell down the stairs.
839
00:46:06,285 --> 00:46:11,165
And my absolute favourite - that
he was mauled by a hippopotamus.
840
00:46:11,325 --> 00:46:13,485
I kind of think about
those two damaged chariots
841
00:46:13,645 --> 00:46:16,245
and wonder if they were involved
in the fatal collision.
842
00:46:16,405 --> 00:46:17,845
You love a bit of war,
don't you, Dan?
843
00:46:18,005 --> 00:46:19,205
I think I love the drama, yeah.
844
00:46:19,365 --> 00:46:20,885
I just like the idea
there was some...
845
00:46:21,045 --> 00:46:22,845
If he just fell down stairs,
it's a bit boring.
846
00:46:23,005 --> 00:46:26,925
It's frustrating because on the
one hand we have so much evidence
from the things buried with him,
847
00:46:27,085 --> 00:46:29,445
but on the other, it was so long ago,
we just don't know.
848
00:46:29,605 --> 00:46:31,485
But we can be certain
849
00:46:31,645 --> 00:46:34,405
that within a week of him
sustaining that leg injury
850
00:46:34,565 --> 00:46:37,205
King Tutankhamun was dead.
851
00:46:37,365 --> 00:46:39,245
Bye, bye.
Goodbye.
Bye.
852
00:46:39,405 --> 00:46:42,405
Captions by Red Bee Media
(c) SBS Australia 2020
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