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20
00:00:16,306 --> 00:00:20,564
The 21st century came
and movies filmed it.
21
00:00:20,566 --> 00:00:24,658
Nature still looked lovely,
cities looked even more.
22
00:00:24,660 --> 00:00:28,381
Lots happened
in innovative cinema in recent years.
23
00:00:28,384 --> 00:00:32,269
One of the most surprising things
was that editing lessened.
24
00:00:32,275 --> 00:00:35,259
Slow cinema came to the fore.
25
00:00:35,261 --> 00:00:38,057
But deep down,
21st-century movies
26
00:00:38,083 --> 00:00:40,725
had been about
what movies started out to be about.
27
00:00:40,730 --> 00:00:43,815
The clash between
reality and dreaming.
28
00:00:43,817 --> 00:00:46,756
This is the story of that clash.
29
00:00:49,925 --> 00:00:53,244
The story starts way back here
with "Laurel and Hardy."
30
00:00:55,085 --> 00:00:58,084
They're pulling a piano
in the Swiss alps.
31
00:00:58,109 --> 00:01:01,443
A studio set
and painted backdrop.
32
00:01:01,468 --> 00:01:03,234
We know something'll go wrong.
33
00:01:03,259 --> 00:01:04,506
It always does.
34
00:01:04,531 --> 00:01:05,603
But what?
35
00:01:05,629 --> 00:01:07,547
What'll happen next?
36
00:01:09,955 --> 00:01:14,099
That's the question
the filmmakers asked and will always ask.
37
00:01:14,124 --> 00:01:15,858
They racked their brains.
38
00:01:16,318 --> 00:01:19,513
In those days, there was a guy
on the set called "the wildy."
39
00:01:19,538 --> 00:01:25,480
The wild man, often drunk, whose job
was to come up with the bizarre ideas.
40
00:01:25,885 --> 00:01:30,918
In this case the wildy suggested
that they should meet a gorilla.
41
00:01:31,805 --> 00:01:33,516
And here it comes.
42
00:01:33,541 --> 00:01:35,624
Silly but funny.
43
00:01:50,396 --> 00:01:52,775
Everything's okay.
44
00:01:52,800 --> 00:01:55,649
From now on
it's going to be easy sailing.
45
00:01:57,435 --> 00:01:59,616
The wild man had innovated.
46
00:01:59,641 --> 00:02:01,990
The gorilla was his innovation.
47
00:02:03,485 --> 00:02:06,472
The story of film
is the story of innovation.
48
00:02:06,497 --> 00:02:08,892
The story of the gorilla.
49
00:02:20,696 --> 00:02:22,193
And then look at this scene
50
00:02:22,218 --> 00:02:25,812
from one of Hollywood's most surreal films
Blonde Venus.
51
00:02:25,837 --> 00:02:27,193
We're in a nightclub.
52
00:02:27,218 --> 00:02:29,133
A frame densely packed.
53
00:02:29,159 --> 00:02:31,182
Soft, top lighting.
54
00:02:31,207 --> 00:02:35,161
The sort of lighting used
to photograph Marlene Dietrich.
55
00:02:43,946 --> 00:02:46,072
And then the reveal.
56
00:02:51,269 --> 00:02:54,201
It is Marlene Dietrich.
57
00:02:54,226 --> 00:02:58,466
She shed her skin
and the sparkles of the dresses soften
58
00:02:58,492 --> 00:03:01,290
because of a diffusion filter
on the lens.
59
00:03:01,315 --> 00:03:05,998
Hollywood at its most playful,
absurd, new.
60
00:03:10,845 --> 00:03:14,464
So since the new millennium,
what's been new in cinema,
61
00:03:14,490 --> 00:03:17,888
what's come at it,
what's been the gorilla?
62
00:03:18,897 --> 00:03:21,612
At first it looks like there
hasn't been a gorilla.
63
00:03:21,614 --> 00:03:24,191
That it's been
business as usual.
64
00:03:27,016 --> 00:03:31,409
The movies started
with this documentary in 1895.
65
00:03:31,411 --> 00:03:35,197
Workers leaving a factory,
filmed square on.
66
00:03:40,872 --> 00:03:43,184
But the big movie story
of the new millennium
67
00:03:43,209 --> 00:03:45,936
was that the reality came back.
68
00:03:47,349 --> 00:03:52,610
At first, in the form of documentaries,
which were suddenly big box office.
69
00:03:52,635 --> 00:03:55,320
The first time
in the whole story of film
70
00:03:55,345 --> 00:03:59,455
that non-fiction cinema held
its own on the big screen.
71
00:04:01,783 --> 00:04:05,507
This happened in part
because of what used to stand here.
72
00:04:05,509 --> 00:04:09,868
When the twin towers fell,
history got bigger.
73
00:04:09,870 --> 00:04:15,670
The camcorder footage of 9/11
out-hollywooded Hollywood, image wise.
74
00:04:15,675 --> 00:04:19,353
Fiction cinema looked
a bit old hat in comparison
75
00:04:19,378 --> 00:04:23,227
and reality was
more dramatic than escapism.
76
00:04:23,861 --> 00:04:26,744
This film, Fahrenheit 9/11,
77
00:04:26,769 --> 00:04:30,503
was one of the biggest box office hits
in the history of documentary.
78
00:04:32,665 --> 00:04:36,997
It told a story about two families
called Bush and Saud.
79
00:04:38,691 --> 00:04:43,897
President Bush was being filmed as he heard
about the attacks on the twin towers.
80
00:04:46,073 --> 00:04:49,861
All director Michael Moore
had to do was show the footage,
81
00:04:49,886 --> 00:04:53,481
add a commentary and a clock
in the corner of the screen
82
00:04:53,506 --> 00:04:59,428
to make 2004's most memorable movie moment
about power and indecision.
83
00:04:59,453 --> 00:05:04,411
When the second plane hit the tower
his chief of staff entered the class room
84
00:05:04,436 --> 00:05:09,434
and told Mr. Bush,
"the nation is under attack."
85
00:05:12,372 --> 00:05:17,894
Not knowing what to do,
with no one telling him what to do,
86
00:05:17,920 --> 00:05:22,508
and no secret service rushing in
to take him to safety,
87
00:05:22,533 --> 00:05:30,449
Mr. Bush just sat there and continued
to read "My Pet Goat" with the children.
88
00:05:43,857 --> 00:05:50,460
Nearly 7 minutes passed
with nobody doing anything.
89
00:05:54,037 --> 00:05:58,318
As Bush sat in that Florida classroom,
was he wondering if maybe
90
00:05:58,344 --> 00:06:00,735
he should have shown up
to work more often?
91
00:06:01,115 --> 00:06:06,207
Fahrenheit 9/11 took over a quarter
of a billion dollars at the box office,
92
00:06:06,233 --> 00:06:09,174
something remarkable
was happening in the story of film
93
00:06:09,200 --> 00:06:12,737
because that's as much
as this fiction entertainment film,
94
00:06:12,763 --> 00:06:16,207
The Bourne Supremacy,
released the same year.
95
00:06:16,215 --> 00:06:18,150
But look at The Bourne Supremacy
96
00:06:18,175 --> 00:06:21,828
and you notice how,
like a documentary, it's trying to be.
97
00:06:21,854 --> 00:06:24,132
Its director
came from documentary.
98
00:06:24,133 --> 00:06:29,672
These shots could have been much steadier,
glossier, but rough documentary imagery
99
00:06:29,697 --> 00:06:33,034
had become exciting and new
in the 21st century,
100
00:06:33,059 --> 00:06:36,179
so fiction films hitched a ride on it.
101
00:06:48,022 --> 00:06:51,228
Documentaries held the screen
for some years.
102
00:06:51,254 --> 00:06:57,409
This film, Être et avoir, which came a bit
before Fahrenheit 9/11, was a classic.
103
00:06:57,415 --> 00:07:01,026
Observational, character based.
104
00:07:01,051 --> 00:07:04,394
It's the end of the year
in a rural school.
105
00:07:04,372 --> 00:07:07,455
The teacher, Mr. Lopez,
is retiring.
106
00:07:07,481 --> 00:07:09,961
It's the last time
he'll see the kids.
107
00:07:09,963 --> 00:07:16,906
The camera is at the child's height,
then, tilts up to capture his sadness.
108
00:07:21,909 --> 00:07:25,297
Where heroes in fiction cinema
often have to strike out
109
00:07:25,322 --> 00:07:29,360
and fight the world,
Mr. Lopez just stands there.
110
00:07:29,895 --> 00:07:34,723
And yet he was one of the most vivid
human beings on screen in 2002.
111
00:07:38,283 --> 00:07:40,617
And Douglas Gordon's
and Philippe Parreno's,
112
00:07:40,642 --> 00:07:45,035
Zidane: A 21st Century Portrait,
also a documentary,
113
00:07:45,061 --> 00:07:48,437
was one of the most
innovative films of its time.
114
00:07:48,462 --> 00:07:52,345
It used extra-long lenses
to film a football match,
115
00:07:52,370 --> 00:07:54,677
but it didn't follow
the story of the match,
116
00:07:54,702 --> 00:07:58,361
so much as one, hypnotic,
roving presence within it.
117
00:07:58,386 --> 00:08:03,688
The presence, footballer Zinedine Zidane
became almost mythic,
118
00:08:03,714 --> 00:08:08,906
we heard his breathing, and his thoughts
were subtitled even though he didn't speak.
119
00:08:35,483 --> 00:08:39,563
At times he's so isolated
and blown up that,
120
00:08:39,589 --> 00:08:43,439
as in an Antonioni film,
he almost dispersed.
121
00:08:43,464 --> 00:08:47,591
Like a pointillist
impressionist painting.
122
00:08:57,018 --> 00:09:02,582
He had two incompletely healed bullet holes
in his chest and another in his thigh.
123
00:09:02,588 --> 00:09:05,786
But it wasn't only in documentaries
that reality bounced back
124
00:09:05,811 --> 00:09:07,138
in the new millennium.
125
00:09:07,756 --> 00:09:13,651
Look at this film, The Assassination
of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford.
126
00:09:15,348 --> 00:09:18,223
Look at its photography: Sepia.
127
00:09:18,225 --> 00:09:20,202
Shallow focus.
128
00:09:20,203 --> 00:09:24,310
No attempt to sex up the image,
or make it look 21st century.
129
00:09:24,336 --> 00:09:25,778
Or computer-y.
130
00:09:25,803 --> 00:09:30,327
The defocusing of the edge of the image
was done in part by a computer.
131
00:09:34,429 --> 00:09:38,462
But if the way this famous face
is photographed reminds us of anything,
132
00:09:38,487 --> 00:09:45,996
it's the delicate photo-realism
of a face like this:
133
00:09:46,022 --> 00:09:48,408
Lillian Gish, softly lit.
134
00:09:53,629 --> 00:09:56,012
Talk about coming full circle.
135
00:09:59,804 --> 00:10:03,258
And where was
all this post 9/11 realism heading?
136
00:10:03,261 --> 00:10:06,748
In the direction
of an intimate scene like this.
137
00:10:06,750 --> 00:10:08,306
It's in Climates, [Iklimler]
138
00:10:08,332 --> 00:10:11,844
one of the most innovative fiction films
of the 21st century.
139
00:10:11,850 --> 00:10:15,205
We're in Turkey now
and a new master director,
140
00:10:15,230 --> 00:10:19,928
Nuri Bilge Ceylan, has had Climates,
shot digitally.
141
00:10:28,256 --> 00:10:29,731
A hotel room.
142
00:10:29,733 --> 00:10:31,375
A wife, in close-up.
143
00:10:31,377 --> 00:10:34,118
A drip of water
on the sound track.
144
00:10:41,512 --> 00:10:45,872
We cut to her older husband,
director Ceylan himself.
145
00:10:45,874 --> 00:10:49,966
Shallow focus
and his face half obscured.
146
00:10:49,968 --> 00:10:51,743
Sad eyes.
147
00:10:51,745 --> 00:10:54,094
Then a similar framing.
148
00:10:54,096 --> 00:10:58,219
Each plane of focus
so carefully chosen.
149
00:10:58,221 --> 00:11:02,715
Then this focus pull
and the pores on his forehead.
150
00:11:02,717 --> 00:11:05,065
No dialogue or music.
151
00:11:05,067 --> 00:11:06,709
Then this shot.
152
00:11:06,710 --> 00:11:10,000
Where is the focus here?
153
00:11:16,910 --> 00:11:18,755
The hand shows us.
154
00:11:18,757 --> 00:11:20,933
Up close.
155
00:11:20,935 --> 00:11:23,602
The camera's now lower
than the bed.
156
00:11:23,627 --> 00:11:26,881
And mysterious focus again.
157
00:11:26,907 --> 00:11:31,235
The search for it makes us feel
as if we are on the bed.
158
00:11:31,237 --> 00:11:34,423
In the head
of this sad marriage.
159
00:11:34,425 --> 00:11:39,860
We think of Ingmar Bergman's
sad films about marriage.
160
00:11:55,592 --> 00:11:59,817
And then a naked light,
161
00:11:59,842 --> 00:12:02,884
like a scene
in an Italian Neo-realist picture.
162
00:12:04,058 --> 00:12:07,805
And then it's over,
whatever it was: sex?
163
00:12:07,830 --> 00:12:10,400
The greatest use
of focus in cinema.
164
00:12:10,425 --> 00:12:14,219
Realist time stood still.
165
00:12:24,062 --> 00:12:29,111
The gorilla, the sparky new idea
in 21st century movies
166
00:12:29,137 --> 00:12:32,978
was a very old idea,
that real people still matter.
167
00:12:33,004 --> 00:12:36,013
That tender realism
is beautiful.
168
00:12:36,040 --> 00:12:39,263
This honesty flowed
from Turkey to Romania,
169
00:12:39,289 --> 00:12:43,225
where great new honest pictures
like this one emerged.
170
00:12:43,488 --> 00:12:46,374
Welcome to new Romanian cinema.
171
00:13:09,212 --> 00:13:11,688
This is Mr. Lazarescu.
172
00:13:11,721 --> 00:13:15,227
We've followed him all night,
from hospital to hospital,
173
00:13:15,253 --> 00:13:18,276
which have all been full
because of a bus accident.
174
00:13:19,410 --> 00:13:22,004
We've watched him
get worse and worse.
175
00:13:22,239 --> 00:13:23,509
Now he's dying.
176
00:13:26,009 --> 00:13:29,547
The woman in orange is a paramedic
who's helped him all night.
177
00:13:31,005 --> 00:13:36,580
Director Christi Puiu said that he wanted
to use camerawork like the TV series ER.
178
00:13:37,839 --> 00:13:43,327
Hand held, shooting in the round,
dowdy greenish fluorescent lighting.
179
00:13:43,332 --> 00:13:47,451
He used these techniques
to show a long night's journey
180
00:13:47,476 --> 00:13:52,477
into day and death, and the human
decency of the paramedic.
181
00:13:53,931 --> 00:13:55,473
The Death of Mister Lazarescu
[Moartea domnului Lãzãrescu]
182
00:13:55,498 --> 00:13:59,342
was one of the most moving works
of film realism of the new century.
183
00:14:03,145 --> 00:14:08,289
It passionately showed that we're
all in this scary new century together.
184
00:14:20,129 --> 00:14:24,836
Argentina's films in the new millennium
boldly confronted reality too.
185
00:14:25,308 --> 00:14:28,403
This is The Headless Woman
by Lucrecia Martel.
186
00:14:28,428 --> 00:14:30,526
Veronica is a well to do dentist.
187
00:14:30,551 --> 00:14:32,242
Her phones goes.
188
00:14:33,110 --> 00:14:34,579
Bam!
189
00:14:34,605 --> 00:14:36,729
She's hit something.
190
00:14:44,180 --> 00:14:48,004
Usually car accidents in movies
are done with fast editing.
191
00:14:48,006 --> 00:14:49,783
Here there's none.
192
00:14:49,785 --> 00:14:51,832
Veronica's been crying.
193
00:14:51,858 --> 00:14:55,108
Light rock music
as counterpoint.
194
00:15:05,050 --> 00:15:10,890
She tries to calm down,
static camera, shallow focus.
195
00:15:28,033 --> 00:15:30,585
Then she drives on.
196
00:15:48,068 --> 00:15:50,237
We see what she hit.
197
00:15:51,822 --> 00:15:58,765
A tense, tragic mysterious moment
that gives the film its tone.
198
00:16:03,380 --> 00:16:04,871
Then she stops.
199
00:16:04,873 --> 00:16:07,057
She's probably concussed.
200
00:16:07,082 --> 00:16:10,283
And as we see in the rest
of the film, she keeps secrets
201
00:16:10,308 --> 00:16:13,387
from her family
and from herself.
202
00:16:14,067 --> 00:16:19,738
You'd think the camera
would go with her but it stays here.
203
00:16:27,462 --> 00:16:30,870
Thunder then rain.
204
00:16:47,483 --> 00:16:49,136
Then she's out of focus.
205
00:16:49,161 --> 00:16:52,025
Headless.
206
00:16:52,050 --> 00:16:54,481
A woman who's lost her head.
207
00:16:55,882 --> 00:17:01,648
Veronica's isolation is brilliantly shown
in this haunting, un-glossy movie.
208
00:17:01,654 --> 00:17:05,260
One of the best ever made
in South America.
209
00:17:07,356 --> 00:17:09,474
And in Mexico in the 21st century,
210
00:17:09,499 --> 00:17:12,873
cinema was brilliantly honest
about human beings too.
211
00:17:13,800 --> 00:17:15,299
Look at this scene.
212
00:17:15,325 --> 00:17:19,475
A close up of a dark hand
holding a light skinned one.
213
00:17:21,011 --> 00:17:22,735
Then cut to this angle,
214
00:17:22,761 --> 00:17:27,381
made famous by a renaissance painting
of Christ by Mantegna.
215
00:17:27,387 --> 00:17:30,875
The woman's thin,
rich, privileged.
216
00:17:30,877 --> 00:17:32,720
The man's her chauffeur.
217
00:17:32,722 --> 00:17:36,214
Poorer, darker skinned, fatter.
218
00:17:37,989 --> 00:17:39,724
Then the camera rises.
219
00:17:39,750 --> 00:17:43,307
Music like at a funeral.
220
00:17:52,710 --> 00:17:56,598
A blank room
like a funeral parlor.
221
00:17:56,623 --> 00:17:58,269
We get a god's eye view.
222
00:17:58,294 --> 00:18:00,542
Or a Karl Marx eye view.
223
00:18:01,881 --> 00:18:05,083
The social gap between them
is so profound.
224
00:18:05,108 --> 00:18:07,984
The only way of bridging it
is through touch.
225
00:18:07,986 --> 00:18:10,575
In this case sexual touch.
226
00:18:21,186 --> 00:18:25,244
A moment ago they had sex
and the camera did this.
227
00:18:25,269 --> 00:18:27,279
Went out into the world
228
00:18:27,304 --> 00:18:35,177
in this single uncut crane shot
of more than three minutes,
229
00:18:35,203 --> 00:18:38,567
to show workers
taking down a TV aerial.
230
00:18:46,642 --> 00:18:50,797
A Marriot hotel for tourists
and rich people.
231
00:19:02,262 --> 00:19:05,270
The back story of Mexico City.
232
00:19:12,191 --> 00:19:15,552
The inequalities in Mexico
are epic in scale,
233
00:19:15,577 --> 00:19:19,117
and director Carlos Reygadas
uses an epic crane shot,
234
00:19:19,142 --> 00:19:23,745
to dramatize the enormity
of the problem, the standoff.
235
00:19:29,109 --> 00:19:33,531
Cinema, coming full circle,
to show that sometimes there's a world
236
00:19:33,556 --> 00:19:37,849
between two people,
even as they cling to each other.
237
00:19:48,972 --> 00:19:52,506
And if the realism of the new millennium
wasn't rich enough,
238
00:19:52,531 --> 00:19:57,631
Korean cinema suddenly darkened it
and gave it a strange brutality.
239
00:19:57,656 --> 00:20:01,517
The result was called
"new Korean cinema."
240
00:20:01,519 --> 00:20:06,748
There'd been good Korean movies
since the 1920s and a golden age in the '60s.
241
00:20:06,754 --> 00:20:14,409
But in the year 2003 alone, three movies
show how daring it had become.
242
00:20:14,791 --> 00:20:17,857
This is Lee Chang-dong's film,
Oasis. [Oasiseu]
243
00:20:17,859 --> 00:20:21,159
We're at a family party.
244
00:20:21,185 --> 00:20:25,339
A man who's just out of prison
is dominating the conversation,
245
00:20:25,364 --> 00:20:26,948
talking nonsense.
246
00:20:54,227 --> 00:20:55,957
He's anti-social.
247
00:20:55,982 --> 00:20:58,988
He's brought with him
an uninvited guest.
248
00:20:59,013 --> 00:21:02,657
This young woman in the foreground
who has cerebral palsy.
249
00:21:02,682 --> 00:21:06,839
The situation is awkward.
250
00:21:06,865 --> 00:21:10,048
More so when we hear
that the woman is the daughter
251
00:21:10,073 --> 00:21:13,051
of the man he's supposed
to have killed.
252
00:21:13,403 --> 00:21:16,688
And when they first met,
he raped her.
253
00:21:18,212 --> 00:21:22,320
And yet, somehow,
these people have a friendship.
254
00:21:22,345 --> 00:21:25,762
Maybe it's because both
are spurned by their families.
255
00:21:25,830 --> 00:21:29,975
New Korean cinema
was transgressive.
256
00:21:32,906 --> 00:21:37,036
Here's the ending
of another 2003 Korean film,
257
00:21:37,061 --> 00:21:40,607
Bong Joon-ho's,
Memories of Murder.
[Salinui chueok]
258
00:21:40,632 --> 00:21:42,859
The film is set
in the late '80s.
259
00:21:42,884 --> 00:21:46,018
A serial killer has murdered
ten Korean women,
260
00:21:46,043 --> 00:21:49,596
a true story
that scandalized the country.
261
00:21:50,376 --> 00:21:53,360
This policeman's been trying
to find the killer.
262
00:21:53,385 --> 00:21:57,263
He's stopped his car
and goes to look one last time
263
00:21:57,289 --> 00:22:00,598
at the gulley where
one of the victims was found.
264
00:22:01,171 --> 00:22:05,161
Flat, deserted, yellow land,
like the crop dusting scene
265
00:22:05,187 --> 00:22:08,007
in Hitchcock's,
North by North West.
266
00:22:11,714 --> 00:22:15,354
POV Camera approaching
the dark space.
267
00:22:19,313 --> 00:22:22,516
Somehow we think
of David Lynch films.
268
00:22:57,995 --> 00:23:02,482
The tunnel seems haunted
by the memory of the murder.
269
00:23:16,701 --> 00:23:20,585
And then this: A girl.
270
00:23:20,611 --> 00:23:25,189
But she reveals
that she's probably seen the murderer.
271
00:24:10,017 --> 00:24:13,116
A conversation, simply shot.
272
00:24:54,730 --> 00:24:58,694
All through the film the detective
has been hoping for such a breakthrough,
273
00:24:58,719 --> 00:25:02,795
but now that it happens
it's so ordinary.
274
00:25:03,278 --> 00:25:05,598
A stare into camera.
275
00:25:05,601 --> 00:25:08,729
Maybe the murderer is us.
276
00:25:20,598 --> 00:25:25,497
More transgressive still was
this new Korean film: Old Boy.
277
00:25:28,022 --> 00:25:30,873
We're in a dark, stylized world.
278
00:25:30,899 --> 00:25:35,258
This man was locked up
for 15 years and not told why.
279
00:25:36,671 --> 00:25:39,353
Now he's out and angry.
280
00:25:39,355 --> 00:25:41,163
Almost comically angry.
281
00:25:41,165 --> 00:25:43,407
He wants revenge.
282
00:25:43,433 --> 00:25:48,478
The film was based on a Japanese
manga cartoon book and it shows.
283
00:25:48,480 --> 00:25:52,069
The man has found the place
where he was imprisoned.
284
00:25:52,071 --> 00:25:55,256
He's going to bash
this security guard with a hammer.
285
00:25:55,259 --> 00:26:00,565
And, as in a cartoon,
he sees the hammer's trajectory.
286
00:26:00,591 --> 00:26:06,001
Once he's in the prison we get
this remarkable stylized fight scene.
287
00:26:06,026 --> 00:26:08,677
We're in the prison corridor.
288
00:26:22,052 --> 00:26:24,842
The wall nearest to us
has been taken away.
289
00:26:24,867 --> 00:26:27,204
A bit like in one of those
wildlife programs
290
00:26:27,230 --> 00:26:31,045
in which we see moles
in their burrows underground.
291
00:26:31,070 --> 00:26:34,274
The shot is far back
and makes the scene look
292
00:26:34,299 --> 00:26:36,445
like a cell in a cartoon.
293
00:26:36,470 --> 00:26:39,863
Our man fights 14 other men.
294
00:26:39,888 --> 00:26:42,232
Almost comic odds.
295
00:26:58,744 --> 00:27:01,954
The camera keeps its distance
on a Dolly.
296
00:27:01,979 --> 00:27:05,099
Not handheld in the fight.
297
00:27:09,828 --> 00:27:13,982
This isn't the realism of the early movies
of the Lumière brothers.
298
00:27:13,988 --> 00:27:17,101
New Korean cinema
in the year 2003
299
00:27:17,127 --> 00:27:20,356
was also doing something
like the opposite to realism.
300
00:27:20,362 --> 00:27:24,386
Stylized, dreamlike,
magical almost.
301
00:27:24,460 --> 00:27:30,029
Like this film, George Méliés,
The Moon at one Meter,
302
00:27:30,055 --> 00:27:33,072
one of the first
science fiction films.
303
00:27:33,078 --> 00:27:34,186
Theatrical.
304
00:27:34,188 --> 00:27:37,239
Wearing it's dreaminess
on its sleeve.
305
00:27:37,241 --> 00:27:41,998
Movies in the new millennium
were dreamlike as well as realistic.
306
00:27:42,004 --> 00:27:45,083
The gorilla, the innovation
in 21st century cinema
307
00:27:45,108 --> 00:27:48,990
was dreamlike
as well as naturalistic.
308
00:27:49,015 --> 00:27:53,148
Film history coming
full circle again.
309
00:27:55,908 --> 00:27:58,818
In the most famous American
movie about a dream,
310
00:27:58,843 --> 00:28:02,339
The Wizard of Oz,
a girl goes over a rainbow,
311
00:28:02,364 --> 00:28:07,593
meets people from her real life,
clicks her Ruby slippers together,
312
00:28:07,619 --> 00:28:10,937
and discovers
that there's no place like home.
313
00:28:11,409 --> 00:28:15,506
The best dream film of the new millennium,
Mulholland Drive,
314
00:28:15,531 --> 00:28:19,958
is as if someone dreamed
The Wizard of Oz dream.
315
00:28:20,167 --> 00:28:24,145
It's about a girl who wants
to climb the hill of movie stardom,
316
00:28:24,171 --> 00:28:28,438
Mulholland Drive,
where all the movie stars live.
317
00:28:34,792 --> 00:28:41,954
But, instead, falls asleep
and dives down into her own consciousness.
318
00:28:41,979 --> 00:28:48,352
Down in that consciousness we hear
of this dance in Ontario,
319
00:28:48,378 --> 00:28:49,696
when she was a girl.
320
00:28:51,637 --> 00:28:53,836
Her moment of innocence.
321
00:28:53,861 --> 00:28:56,945
People jitterbug,
shot against purple.
322
00:28:56,970 --> 00:29:00,033
Their own shadows create
moving digital windows
323
00:29:00,058 --> 00:29:02,283
through which we see
more layers.
324
00:29:02,777 --> 00:29:05,999
This is the girl, luminous
and smiling.
325
00:29:06,941 --> 00:29:10,265
But then the girl grows up,
falls in love with another girl,
326
00:29:10,290 --> 00:29:15,220
and then gets so jealous of her
that she asks this hit man to kill her.
327
00:29:16,276 --> 00:29:19,223
Director David Lynch has the scene
filmed conventionally,
328
00:29:19,248 --> 00:29:26,072
shot-reverse shot, almost natural light,
medium close ups, in a café called Winkies.
329
00:29:27,775 --> 00:29:29,681
But out of the corner of her eye
330
00:29:29,706 --> 00:29:32,177
the girls sees this man.
331
00:29:33,426 --> 00:29:36,214
He looks at her
as she arranges the murder.
332
00:29:36,239 --> 00:29:37,377
Bang.
333
00:29:37,403 --> 00:29:41,502
It's like he sees her commit the crime,
the thought crime.
334
00:29:42,798 --> 00:29:47,979
And so, in her long dream
we see him, not her,
335
00:29:48,004 --> 00:29:53,279
confronting something awful
behind a wall at the back of Winkies.
336
00:30:20,393 --> 00:30:21,666
Handheld camera.
337
00:30:21,692 --> 00:30:23,636
A roar on the soundtrack.
338
00:30:23,662 --> 00:30:27,310
A shock so great
that everything goes silent.
339
00:30:29,976 --> 00:30:34,129
The monster seems to be her terror
at planning the killing.
340
00:30:34,154 --> 00:30:40,194
She doesn't dream of herself confronting it
but of the man who looked at her doing so.
341
00:30:43,180 --> 00:30:47,600
And this place, Club Silencio,
also in Diane's sub conscious,
342
00:30:47,626 --> 00:30:50,095
is like Oz in The Wizard of Oz.
343
00:30:50,120 --> 00:30:53,124
Diane's dream comes
to a climax here.
344
00:30:53,149 --> 00:30:57,834
She shakes because
her subconscious is flooding.
345
00:31:17,036 --> 00:31:20,784
A wizard conjures blue lights,
disappears.
346
00:31:20,810 --> 00:31:23,051
Light like we're under water.
347
00:31:25,089 --> 00:31:28,632
Mulholland Dr. was so innovative
because it was The Wizard of Oz
348
00:31:28,657 --> 00:31:35,002
plunged into the black night of film noir
and the rabbit hole of David Lynch's brain.
349
00:31:36,161 --> 00:31:37,865
And then in the new millennium,
350
00:31:37,891 --> 00:31:42,461
there was an astonishing dream film of
sorts, Requiem for a Dream.
351
00:31:43,341 --> 00:31:46,028
Anybody want to waste some time?
352
00:31:47,300 --> 00:31:50,790
It looked with piteous recognition
at people on drugs.
353
00:31:50,816 --> 00:31:52,917
Angel says that this is the time,
we should do it now.
354
00:31:52,943 --> 00:31:54,606
Shit, I'm going
to call Brody tomorrow.
355
00:31:54,632 --> 00:31:55,214
Who's Brody?
356
00:31:55,240 --> 00:31:56,659
That's my sweet connection.
357
00:31:56,661 --> 00:31:58,470
He's got some unbelievable shit.
358
00:31:58,473 --> 00:31:59,755
Righteous!
359
00:31:59,781 --> 00:32:04,441
It was the great distortion movie
about how drugs distort the world.
360
00:32:04,466 --> 00:32:07,262
Speed it up,
give it a fish eye lens.
361
00:32:07,264 --> 00:32:07,933
Shit, man!
362
00:32:07,935 --> 00:32:10,314
Then we get us
a pound of pure and retire.
363
00:32:10,316 --> 00:32:11,757
You know what that means?
364
00:32:11,759 --> 00:32:13,267
No more hassle.
365
00:32:13,269 --> 00:32:15,816
We get off hard knocks
and be on easy street.
366
00:32:15,818 --> 00:32:17,932
Shit.
367
00:32:17,933 --> 00:32:23,576
What's the catch?
368
00:32:23,602 --> 00:32:25,094
Here's the catch.
369
00:32:25,120 --> 00:32:30,532
This woman wanted to be on TV
so took far too many weight reduction pills.
370
00:32:30,556 --> 00:32:33,651
Now she's scared
by her own apartment.
371
00:32:33,678 --> 00:32:38,770
It flickers, floats around her
like a gyroscope.
372
00:32:47,146 --> 00:32:52,856
Darren Aronofsky's film was
a paranoid dream in a fearful century.
373
00:32:55,214 --> 00:32:57,394
So if the story of film
in the new millennium
374
00:32:57,419 --> 00:33:00,994
has been the story of realist
films and dream films,
375
00:33:01,019 --> 00:33:04,104
that story is as old
as movies itself.
376
00:33:05,178 --> 00:33:07,357
There's nothing new there.
377
00:33:07,359 --> 00:33:08,866
But in the new millennium,
378
00:33:08,891 --> 00:33:14,365
film also combined reality
and fantasy in new ways.
379
00:33:14,390 --> 00:33:16,367
The line between them blurred.
380
00:33:16,418 --> 00:33:19,168
They got closer to each other.
381
00:33:19,170 --> 00:33:22,188
Look what we find here,
in Stockholm.
382
00:33:22,190 --> 00:33:25,427
The unique films of this man,
Roy Andersson,
383
00:33:25,452 --> 00:33:27,808
combine reality and dream
in a new way
384
00:33:27,834 --> 00:33:30,550
that few have ever done
in the story of film.
385
00:33:31,180 --> 00:33:36,047
You know, I was growing
up in a worker family
386
00:33:36,073 --> 00:33:40,291
and I grew up with that...
387
00:33:40,316 --> 00:33:44,836
Impressions that people really humiliated
each other and themselves also.
388
00:33:48,937 --> 00:33:52,531
In Andersson's film,
Songs from the Second Floor,
389
00:33:52,556 --> 00:33:57,267
this man in the middle, covered in ashes
has burnt down his business.
390
00:33:57,291 --> 00:33:59,502
A serious social theme.
391
00:33:59,528 --> 00:34:03,188
And the color in this shot
is a drab green.
392
00:34:03,213 --> 00:34:07,710
But suddenly the movie becomes
heightened like a musical fantasy.
393
00:34:27,801 --> 00:34:34,196
Unhappiness, it's not only the result
of poorness,
394
00:34:34,221 --> 00:34:40,561
without money, it's also the result of:
What is richdom in life?
395
00:34:40,586 --> 00:34:43,688
Is it money or...
how to be happy so to say?
396
00:34:43,713 --> 00:34:49,445
And I think that nowadays,
in the last 30 years, people have been...
397
00:34:49,470 --> 00:34:52,895
They are lost. They are lost.
398
00:34:52,921 --> 00:34:56,201
In the extraordinary ending of
Songs from the Second Floor,
399
00:34:56,226 --> 00:35:01,371
symbols of religion are being dumped
into a wasteland beyond the city.
400
00:35:01,396 --> 00:35:09,850
We built the road of wood
and we put in pieces to the right
401
00:35:09,875 --> 00:35:17,126
so that you get the impression
that there is a huge modern city there.
402
00:35:19,295 --> 00:35:27,255
It's like the end of the world
and then minutes into the uncut shot.
403
00:35:34,580 --> 00:35:36,703
People who have been there
the whole time,
404
00:35:36,728 --> 00:35:40,052
stand up from the land,
like the day of judgement.
405
00:35:46,099 --> 00:35:51,468
It's a theme that I'm very,
very interested in.
406
00:35:51,493 --> 00:35:55,585
Namely the question of guilt.
407
00:35:56,426 --> 00:35:59,930
Personal guilt and,
even, collective guilt.
408
00:35:59,955 --> 00:36:04,591
We are carrying a guilt,
a collective guilt,
409
00:36:04,616 --> 00:36:10,803
as representatives
of the human being or mankind.
410
00:36:10,828 --> 00:36:16,882
We are responsible and we have
to get that feeling of guilt,
411
00:36:16,907 --> 00:36:22,188
we have to get it reconciliated,
to get rid of it.
412
00:36:22,279 --> 00:36:27,428
And I think it's infected,
it infects the society,
413
00:36:27,453 --> 00:36:36,730
it infects our time, and I have that theme
in Songs from the Second Floor.
414
00:36:44,017 --> 00:36:46,855
And Andersson found
a striking visual style
415
00:36:46,880 --> 00:36:50,615
to show the humiliation, guilt
and comedy of modern life.
416
00:36:51,119 --> 00:36:52,609
He muted color.
417
00:36:52,635 --> 00:36:54,724
Favoring grays and greens.
418
00:36:54,750 --> 00:36:58,812
He loved plunging perspectives
and flat Nordic light.
419
00:36:58,839 --> 00:37:00,490
A bleak dream.
420
00:37:00,468 --> 00:37:03,242
And his camera seldom moves.
421
00:37:04,786 --> 00:37:11,357
I really don't want a single frame
in my movie that is indifferent.
422
00:37:11,364 --> 00:37:13,793
Visually indifferent.
423
00:37:14,650 --> 00:37:21,525
And I mean that the modern
way of filmmaking
424
00:37:21,551 --> 00:37:26,824
contains a lot
of indifferent frames.
425
00:37:26,830 --> 00:37:31,775
Because they are built
up to concentrate
426
00:37:31,800 --> 00:37:39,536
on a very specific situation,
most of the time killing or...
427
00:37:39,572 --> 00:37:42,054
Yeah, on stupid situations.
428
00:37:42,063 --> 00:37:50,447
Why can't movie
has the same qualities as painting,
429
00:37:50,474 --> 00:37:58,832
so you are fascinated by very...
each single frame.
430
00:37:58,839 --> 00:38:02,287
But what makes Andersson
so significant for modern cinema
431
00:38:02,312 --> 00:38:06,401
is that he combines this exactitude
with a real sense of humor.
432
00:38:06,690 --> 00:38:09,294
He's a fan of
"Laurel and Hardy."
433
00:38:13,631 --> 00:38:16,734
The simplicity of the way
this scene is shot for example.
434
00:38:16,759 --> 00:38:19,239
Square on, symmetrical.
435
00:38:23,600 --> 00:38:29,255
And they are so tragic
and so funny at the same time.
436
00:38:29,280 --> 00:38:31,893
And it's two losers.
437
00:38:31,918 --> 00:38:36,746
They want to be accepted
by the middle class or upper class.
438
00:38:36,771 --> 00:38:43,524
And they try so hard
to get that, to come in to this,
439
00:38:43,551 --> 00:38:49,344
to be accepted but they fail
all the time, all the time.
440
00:38:49,369 --> 00:38:57,626
It's not only simple jokes,
it's also social tragedy,
441
00:38:57,651 --> 00:38:59,281
political tragedy, of course.
442
00:38:59,307 --> 00:39:09,736
It's the underdog's efforts to be accepted,
to reach a higher level in society.
443
00:39:09,833 --> 00:39:13,450
Andersson gets the gorilla,
the innovation.
444
00:39:13,475 --> 00:39:17,919
He partially funds his films himself,
a one man movie studio.
445
00:39:17,944 --> 00:39:20,208
A one man film history.
446
00:39:21,631 --> 00:39:26,459
No-one has quite combined
reality and dream like this before.
447
00:39:28,331 --> 00:39:32,889
Twenty-first century cinema
built on the past combining worlds.
448
00:39:32,895 --> 00:39:36,805
In the '60s we saw how Stanley Donen,
director of Singin' in the Rain,
449
00:39:36,830 --> 00:39:40,177
used this split screen,
to get around censorship
450
00:39:40,202 --> 00:39:43,247
by making it look like two lovers
are in bed together.
451
00:39:44,504 --> 00:39:48,993
He filmed with two cameras
at the same time and combined the shots.
452
00:39:54,066 --> 00:39:55,700
Jump forward
to the new millennium,
453
00:39:55,725 --> 00:39:59,074
to this scene in Roger Avery's the
Rules of Attraction.
454
00:40:00,372 --> 00:40:03,489
Saturday morning
on an American campus.
455
00:40:03,514 --> 00:40:09,624
We've just watched, for several minutes,
these two students get up and go to class.
456
00:40:09,649 --> 00:40:15,424
Like Donen, Avery uses split screen,
but has his characters look to camera,
457
00:40:15,450 --> 00:40:18,557
to us, rather than each other.
458
00:40:18,793 --> 00:40:20,039
Typical.
459
00:40:20,237 --> 00:40:21,546
Never seen you there before.
460
00:40:21,571 --> 00:40:25,233
We feel in the middle
of this flirtatious moment.
461
00:40:25,235 --> 00:40:26,273
Yeah.
462
00:40:26,275 --> 00:40:28,454
You've got bad timing.
463
00:40:28,456 --> 00:40:30,554
Saturday's suck ass.
464
00:40:30,555 --> 00:40:32,070
I don't have to put up
with this shit.
465
00:40:32,095 --> 00:40:35,111
I'm dropping this fucking class!
466
00:40:35,136 --> 00:40:36,536
Yeah, me too.
467
00:40:36,561 --> 00:40:37,306
Really?
468
00:40:37,331 --> 00:40:38,356
Mmhm.
469
00:40:38,381 --> 00:40:39,051
I think I'm going to change...
470
00:40:39,296 --> 00:40:42,129
But then she says,
"show me your eyes."
471
00:40:42,154 --> 00:40:44,180
And a hand takes
his glasses off.
472
00:40:44,229 --> 00:40:45,519
Show me your eyes.
473
00:40:46,881 --> 00:40:48,623
And it's not his hand.
474
00:40:50,409 --> 00:40:56,139
Then the cameras each pull out
and swing round and the two world combine.
475
00:41:00,153 --> 00:41:03,919
We go from inside the moment,
to an outside observer.
476
00:41:05,680 --> 00:41:08,165
Each camera's move
was computer programmed
477
00:41:08,190 --> 00:41:11,316
and the two images
were digitally stitched together.
478
00:41:12,219 --> 00:41:16,346
Movies have always tried
to make people meet in memorable ways.
479
00:41:16,371 --> 00:41:19,317
Few meetings are as memorable
as this one.
480
00:41:21,417 --> 00:41:25,367
And in this film, Avatar,
computers also helped create
481
00:41:25,392 --> 00:41:30,059
new 21st-century syntheses
of reality and fantasy.
482
00:41:30,961 --> 00:41:33,937
In real life this character
is a marine, who,
483
00:41:33,962 --> 00:41:37,317
because he's in a wheelchair,
can't walk or run.
484
00:41:37,523 --> 00:41:40,012
But here he's on a mission
to the planet Pandora
485
00:41:40,037 --> 00:41:43,239
and has been transformed
into an attenuated creature
486
00:41:43,296 --> 00:41:46,993
who enjoys the sprint,
moves like a dancer.
487
00:42:01,641 --> 00:42:05,307
Canadian director James Cameron
has his camera flow,
488
00:42:05,332 --> 00:42:09,812
the creature move,
he feels the soil between his toes.
489
00:42:10,418 --> 00:42:16,131
Hey, marine!
490
00:42:16,133 --> 00:42:17,642
Grace?
491
00:42:17,644 --> 00:42:20,762
Well, who did you expect,
Numbnuts?
492
00:42:20,788 --> 00:42:22,559
Think fast.
493
00:42:22,912 --> 00:42:25,845
Everything about this scene
was animated on computers,
494
00:42:25,870 --> 00:42:29,317
as you'd expect,
except the most important thing.
495
00:42:29,342 --> 00:42:31,983
The facial expressions.
496
00:42:32,810 --> 00:42:34,502
This energetic documentary shows
497
00:42:34,527 --> 00:42:37,925
that the faces
were filmed with mini-cameras.
498
00:42:37,950 --> 00:42:41,430
The set of a modern Sci-Fi film
looks like a factory.
499
00:42:41,432 --> 00:42:45,457
Bright lights, computers,
no hint of an enchanted planet.
500
00:42:45,459 --> 00:42:48,377
Director James Cameron is excited
by the process.
501
00:42:48,379 --> 00:42:50,665
You know, there's a carbon fiber boom
that comes out
502
00:42:50,691 --> 00:42:51,998
with a little camera
on the front of it.
503
00:42:52,023 --> 00:42:55,600
And that camera shoots the face
in a nulled out close up.
504
00:42:55,625 --> 00:42:58,319
So, even though the actor
is moving all around,
505
00:42:58,351 --> 00:43:00,871
running, jumping, yelling,
screaming, jumping off stuff,
506
00:43:00,896 --> 00:43:04,096
jumping over logs, you know,
running flat out, whatever.
507
00:43:04,127 --> 00:43:07,494
We're getting that facial
performance absolutely locked off.
508
00:43:07,520 --> 00:43:11,320
This split screen in the documentary
shows the after and before.
509
00:43:15,235 --> 00:43:18,871
Twenty-first century cinema
managed to insert the mystery
510
00:43:18,896 --> 00:43:24,895
of human feeling into a digital
and electronic universe.
511
00:43:27,010 --> 00:43:30,908
But far away from Hollywood,
in Thailand in the new millennium,
512
00:43:30,933 --> 00:43:35,807
Apichatpong Weerasethakul did
something even more inventive.
513
00:43:36,628 --> 00:43:39,274
Look at this scene from
Tropical Malady.
514
00:43:39,299 --> 00:43:43,991
A Thai soldier, Keng,
and his farmer friend Dong.
515
00:43:44,016 --> 00:43:47,560
Two shy young men in Thailand,
filmed in natural light,
516
00:43:47,586 --> 00:43:51,418
in long takes,
in the languor of summer days.
517
00:44:06,946 --> 00:44:12,079
A backdrop so still
that it looks almost painted.
518
00:44:16,244 --> 00:44:22,144
Then, about half way through the film,
it seems to break down.
519
00:44:22,146 --> 00:44:26,535
There's black,
and then the story starts again.
520
00:44:26,560 --> 00:44:28,455
This time we're in a forest.
521
00:44:28,480 --> 00:44:34,457
A soundtrack full of the night chorus
of insects, frogs, and cicadas.
522
00:44:34,482 --> 00:44:37,877
This time soldier Ken
is lit by moonlight.
523
00:44:37,902 --> 00:44:40,878
He sees a tree
full of fireflies.
524
00:44:47,702 --> 00:44:50,456
It's like the Eiffel Tower
lit up.
525
00:44:54,045 --> 00:44:58,640
We hear that his friend, Dong,
has become a tiger.
526
00:44:58,643 --> 00:45:01,056
He must hunt him.
527
00:45:01,059 --> 00:45:08,067
Director Weerasethakul films the spirit
of a water buffalo leaving its own body.
528
00:45:12,441 --> 00:45:15,357
Keng's breathless, agog.
529
00:45:15,383 --> 00:45:19,410
Seeing life and death
and the gaia.
530
00:45:24,277 --> 00:45:27,454
The spirit takes him
into the forest.
531
00:45:32,653 --> 00:45:36,070
Not only has the farmer
been re-incarnated as a tiger,
532
00:45:36,095 --> 00:45:43,300
but the film seems to have
been re-incarnated,
533
00:45:43,325 --> 00:45:50,118
from a naturalistic tale of friendship,
to a mythic tale of hunter and hunted.
534
00:45:54,741 --> 00:46:00,392
Seldom in the whole history of cinema
has such a bold story shift happened.
535
00:46:00,417 --> 00:46:04,074
The wild man, the gorilla.
536
00:46:08,056 --> 00:46:10,722
Our last examples
of wildly inventive cinema
537
00:46:10,747 --> 00:46:15,223
in the new millennium come from this man,
Alexander Sokurov.
538
00:46:16,732 --> 00:46:19,080
This is his film,
Mother and Son.
[Mat i syn]
539
00:46:19,082 --> 00:46:21,931
We're in a Russian cottage
in the countryside.
540
00:46:21,933 --> 00:46:23,206
A mother's dying.
541
00:46:23,208 --> 00:46:26,360
Her son tends her.
542
00:46:26,363 --> 00:46:29,307
She's happy to die
in her son's arms.
543
00:46:31,864 --> 00:46:34,949
The pearly light
is in the trees outside.
544
00:46:34,951 --> 00:46:36,930
They whisper to each other.
545
00:46:36,933 --> 00:46:39,058
Utter peace.
546
00:46:49,040 --> 00:46:51,292
Sokurov explains his approach.
547
00:47:25,118 --> 00:47:27,604
Mother and Son
is one of the defining movies
548
00:47:27,629 --> 00:47:30,732
in what would come to be called
"slow cinema."
549
00:47:31,499 --> 00:47:38,284
Director Sokurov's imagery is as beautiful
as his teachers, Andrei Tarkovsky's,
550
00:47:38,311 --> 00:47:40,955
but also derives from painting.
551
00:49:14,998 --> 00:49:19,360
And, in shots like this,
Sokurov had the image stretched diagonally
552
00:49:19,386 --> 00:49:23,204
as if it was made
of rubber, to change how we see it.
553
00:50:06,145 --> 00:50:11,275
Many critics felt that Mother and Son
was one of the best films of its time.
554
00:50:23,490 --> 00:50:26,643
But then Sokurov made this film.
555
00:50:26,670 --> 00:50:29,394
Perhaps the most inventive
ever made.
556
00:50:29,396 --> 00:50:33,049
The greatest gorilla
in film history.
557
00:50:36,341 --> 00:50:39,214
We're in the Hermitage museum
in St. Petersburg,
558
00:50:39,240 --> 00:50:41,032
at the end of the 19th century.
559
00:50:41,038 --> 00:50:44,417
These tsarist aristocrats
have been partying all night
560
00:50:44,443 --> 00:50:48,566
and now they're flowing
down the steps, like a river.
561
00:50:48,593 --> 00:50:50,381
But the revolution is coming.
562
00:50:50,410 --> 00:50:53,080
This will be the last
of the great balls.
563
00:50:53,082 --> 00:50:56,069
Soon they will be dead.
564
00:52:13,825 --> 00:52:17,081
Sokurov saw the film
as the single last breadth
565
00:52:17,106 --> 00:52:25,363
of this civilization and so, astonishingly,
he filmed the whole movie in a single take.
566
00:52:25,388 --> 00:52:29,361
There hasn't been one cut
in the whole film.
567
00:52:29,386 --> 00:52:38,443
This shot has travelled 1,300 meters,
through 33 galleries, filming 867 people:
568
00:52:38,469 --> 00:52:45,736
Cavaliers, museum officials, spies, great
balls, and portents of the horrors to come.
569
00:52:45,761 --> 00:52:47,954
Over 90 minutes.
570
00:52:48,643 --> 00:52:52,869
Sokurov and his team rehearsed
for 6 months.
571
00:52:52,894 --> 00:52:58,950
Filming took place on 23rd December,
when there are only 4 hours of daylight.
572
00:52:58,975 --> 00:53:01,766
This allowed for just two takes.
573
00:53:03,359 --> 00:53:07,173
Take one had to be abandoned
after five minutes.
574
00:53:07,198 --> 00:53:11,691
Then take two, this one unfolds.
575
00:53:11,716 --> 00:53:15,640
Unbelievable tension.
576
00:53:15,666 --> 00:53:21,044
The steadicam so heavy that the operator
almost buckles at the knees in pain.
577
00:53:26,273 --> 00:53:31,079
Here's documentary footage
of the moment the filming finished.
578
00:53:58,344 --> 00:54:01,227
Their breath's show
how freezing it was.
579
00:54:01,229 --> 00:54:06,349
The handheld camera
captures the relief.
580
00:54:08,878 --> 00:54:15,787
Tears of joy that something entirely new
in the story of film had taken place.
581
00:54:24,547 --> 00:54:26,962
TV cameras to capture
this moment.
582
00:54:26,964 --> 00:54:29,713
The camera mills around
with the people.
583
00:54:29,715 --> 00:54:34,279
Moved, tired, exhilarated.
584
00:55:10,211 --> 00:55:14,361
Sokurov is one of the most serious
filmmakers of the 21st century
585
00:55:14,387 --> 00:55:17,126
and one of the most
stylistically daring.
586
00:55:17,151 --> 00:55:21,124
He and the filmmakers like him
suggest that the future of cinema
587
00:55:21,150 --> 00:55:23,548
is in provocative hands.
588
00:55:55,119 --> 00:55:57,721
If the history of film
has been the story of innovation,
589
00:55:57,746 --> 00:56:04,913
of passion, of breaking the mold,
590
00:56:04,939 --> 00:56:06,443
what's its future?
591
00:56:07,420 --> 00:56:11,224
Maestro di Angeles,
here in the Roman film studio, Cinecitta,
592
00:56:11,249 --> 00:56:14,979
made props for Fellini
but long after he's gone,
593
00:56:15,004 --> 00:56:18,103
will people still be breaking
the movie mold?
594
00:56:21,557 --> 00:56:23,579
Maybe in the year 2046,
595
00:56:23,604 --> 00:56:27,240
movie going will be like
Christopher Nolan's film Inception.
596
00:56:27,265 --> 00:56:31,003
It's an innovative Sci-Fi film
about layers of reality
597
00:56:31,028 --> 00:56:35,739
but maybe it's a metaphor, too,
for what film going could become.
598
00:56:35,764 --> 00:56:38,583
Look at this scene.
599
00:56:46,622 --> 00:56:50,445
Leonardo DiCaprio
and his friends wake up in a plane.
600
00:56:50,447 --> 00:56:53,195
They've just been
dreaming together.
601
00:56:57,861 --> 00:56:59,537
The camera glides.
602
00:56:59,539 --> 00:57:01,013
Greens and blues.
603
00:57:01,015 --> 00:57:03,932
Atmospheric beds of music.
604
00:57:04,415 --> 00:57:05,810
They're groggy.
605
00:57:05,812 --> 00:57:10,249
Embarrassed almost at the intimacy
of the dream they've just shared.
606
00:57:29,372 --> 00:57:34,027
They dreamt they were in this van,
falling ultra-slowly off a bridge.
607
00:57:34,052 --> 00:57:36,676
Shot at maybe
1,000 frames per second.
608
00:57:36,701 --> 00:57:38,660
No natural sound.
609
00:57:40,629 --> 00:57:44,147
But in it, they dream
a dream within a dream,
610
00:57:44,172 --> 00:57:47,919
in which they're in a hotel
whose gravity is on the blink.
611
00:57:53,831 --> 00:57:56,019
It's color coded orange.
612
00:57:56,044 --> 00:57:57,662
The camera floats.
613
00:57:57,687 --> 00:58:00,738
The actors are on wires.
614
00:58:00,764 --> 00:58:05,088
And in that dream within a dream,
they dream a fourth layer.
615
00:58:05,113 --> 00:58:08,845
They're in a James Bond style battle
in a snow lodge.
616
00:58:18,449 --> 00:58:20,453
Now the camera's handheld.
617
00:58:20,479 --> 00:58:21,752
The action's edgy.
618
00:58:21,778 --> 00:58:22,777
The sound natural.
619
00:58:22,779 --> 00:58:26,533
The dominant color's white.
620
00:58:26,536 --> 00:58:29,721
They live and die together.
621
00:58:29,723 --> 00:58:33,914
Maybe this is what movie going
is like in 2046.
622
00:58:33,916 --> 00:58:38,579
Playing a game
of living and dying together.
623
00:58:38,581 --> 00:58:42,101
Plunging into
an underwater YouTube.
624
00:58:42,103 --> 00:58:45,959
Or maybe something
awful happens.
625
00:58:45,961 --> 00:58:50,591
Look at this scene in
Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind.
626
00:58:50,593 --> 00:58:55,502
Former lovers Joel and Clementine
are running through grand central station.
627
00:58:55,527 --> 00:59:00,526
People start to disappear because
they are undergoing a brain washing process
628
00:59:00,551 --> 00:59:04,235
where their memories
of their relationship are being removed.
629
00:59:06,877 --> 00:59:09,408
Then the brain washing
becomes a nightmare.
630
00:59:09,433 --> 00:59:11,758
It's shot like
a TV crime program.
631
00:59:11,783 --> 00:59:14,748
The camera's roving around,
with a light on it.
632
00:59:14,773 --> 00:59:18,055
Their past, their stories,
disappearing.
633
00:59:28,814 --> 00:59:31,238
She no longer has a face.
634
00:59:31,264 --> 00:59:33,398
You're erasing me from...
635
00:59:36,746 --> 00:59:37,935
I don't know.
636
00:59:38,550 --> 00:59:40,414
You got this thing.
637
00:59:40,416 --> 00:59:41,320
I'm in my bed.
638
00:59:41,322 --> 00:59:42,964
I know it.
639
00:59:42,966 --> 00:59:44,123
My brain!
640
00:59:44,148 --> 00:59:47,601
I'm part
of your imagination too, Joel.
641
00:59:47,626 --> 00:59:50,557
How can I help you from there?
642
00:59:50,583 --> 00:59:51,661
I'm inside your head...
643
00:59:51,687 --> 00:59:55,095
The eyes on another face
are upside down.
644
01:00:01,220 --> 01:00:03,897
What if the same happened
to film?
645
01:00:05,779 --> 01:00:08,546
Maybe there'll be
some digital or ideological storm
646
01:00:08,571 --> 01:00:11,066
and cinema will be
wiped or banned.
647
01:00:27,200 --> 01:00:30,120
And it will be impossible
to see it.
648
01:00:54,777 --> 01:00:58,210
Except in a hidden bunker or room
like this
649
01:00:58,235 --> 01:01:02,325
where all its treasures
are kept, in secret.
650
01:01:03,155 --> 01:01:06,114
If so, then those of us
who loved the movies
651
01:01:06,139 --> 01:01:10,545
will have to remember them,
talk about them, tell the story of them.
652
01:01:21,012 --> 01:01:23,530
Of the people who made them.
653
01:01:25,917 --> 01:01:29,167
The places where they were made.
654
01:01:38,359 --> 01:01:41,816
The objects
that appeared in them.
655
01:01:56,574 --> 01:02:01,506
Even the places
where the great filmmakers sat and thought.
656
01:02:25,698 --> 01:02:29,439
Or maybe movies will take up
a bigger part in our lives.
657
01:02:32,910 --> 01:02:38,876
This is what the city of Ouagadougou
in Burkina Faso looked like in 2011.
658
01:02:38,883 --> 01:02:43,817
At the very center of the city
is this huge monument to cinema.
659
01:02:44,653 --> 01:02:47,087
Maybe more cities will do this.
660
01:02:49,822 --> 01:02:53,545
Back in 2011, filmmakers
from around the world
661
01:02:53,571 --> 01:02:57,536
gathered at this monument,
held hands in the sweaty heat
662
01:02:57,562 --> 01:03:00,828
and walked around it
three times,
663
01:03:00,854 --> 01:03:04,964
in tribute to the filmmakers
who had died in the previous year.
664
01:03:10,656 --> 01:03:14,783
And, to the movies.
55036
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