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♪
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[SAM] It wasn't just people
who were brought from Africa
3
00:00:21,586 --> 00:00:24,154
during the transatlantic
slave trade,
4
00:00:24,285 --> 00:00:25,895
it was knowledge.
5
00:00:26,026 --> 00:00:29,333
Knowledge that helped give birth
to the world we live in
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00:00:29,464 --> 00:00:31,770
without most of us
knowing anything about it.
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00:00:31,901 --> 00:00:34,295
♪
8
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We brought our ways with us.
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It's not in the history books.
10
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We're going to find it in
the bottom of the ocean.
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[KRAMER]
They have an opportunity
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00:00:43,434 --> 00:00:46,350
to rediscover their
ties to the past,
13
00:00:46,481 --> 00:00:48,241
and their connection to
the enslaved Africans
14
00:00:48,352 --> 00:00:49,352
who were here.
15
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[wave crashing]
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Woo!
17
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[SIMCHA] You look at this,
and it's beautiful,
18
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but it's also a mathematical.
19
00:00:56,752 --> 00:00:57,927
[RON] Exactly.
20
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[DORRICK] There were 2,500
enslaved Africans
21
00:01:01,452 --> 00:01:04,586
that ran away
to join the pirates.
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[shouting and grunting]
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[AFUA] Here was a world
where they had an equal vote
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00:01:08,720 --> 00:01:10,742
and an equal say alongside
their white counterparts.
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♪
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00:01:14,596 --> 00:01:17,381
Your life depends
on your skills,
27
00:01:17,512 --> 00:01:21,342
your equipment
and your attitude.
28
00:01:21,472 --> 00:01:22,256
Why are you the first
Black person I ever seen
29
00:01:22,386 --> 00:01:23,735
play a banjo?
30
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[RHIANNON]
It was known by everybody
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as a Black instrument.
32
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All those things have been
considered for so many years
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to be slave food,
34
00:01:31,526 --> 00:01:33,789
right now,
everyone wants to celebrate it.
35
00:01:33,919 --> 00:01:36,922
The memories and talents
of the enslaved Africans
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00:01:37,053 --> 00:01:38,881
who arrived here
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00:01:39,011 --> 00:01:41,405
helped to create the culture
of the new world
38
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in a way we have
only just begun to understand.
39
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♪
40
00:01:48,978 --> 00:01:52,460
[chain scraping]
41
00:01:52,590 --> 00:02:00,590
♪
42
00:02:06,082 --> 00:02:08,519
This community was
started by the Africans
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00:02:08,650 --> 00:02:10,913
who were on
the last illegal slave ship
44
00:02:11,043 --> 00:02:13,872
to arrive in America,
"The Clotilde."
45
00:02:14,003 --> 00:02:16,571
♪
46
00:02:16,701 --> 00:02:18,616
Five years after
they were brought here,
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00:02:18,747 --> 00:02:21,532
the end of the Civil War
set them free
48
00:02:21,663 --> 00:02:23,882
and they started the only
African-run town in America.
49
00:02:24,013 --> 00:02:26,494
♪
50
00:02:26,624 --> 00:02:28,974
Grammy award-winning musician,
Rhiannon Giddens and I
51
00:02:29,105 --> 00:02:30,889
are here with Joe'l Billingsley
52
00:02:31,020 --> 00:02:32,540
who brought us here
to see the monument
53
00:02:32,630 --> 00:02:36,112
honoring her great-great-
grandfather, Kazoola,
54
00:02:36,243 --> 00:02:38,984
one of the founders
of Africatown.
55
00:02:39,115 --> 00:02:41,857
Kazoola happens to be the one
we know the most about.
56
00:02:41,987 --> 00:02:43,380
Right.
57
00:02:43,511 --> 00:02:46,209
Because he lived longer
and he shared his story
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in a way that a lot of us
are learning about it now.
59
00:02:48,907 --> 00:02:49,952
Wow.
60
00:02:50,082 --> 00:02:52,737
My grandmother was born
in 18 something.
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00:02:52,868 --> 00:02:55,784
So her mother was a slave.
62
00:02:55,914 --> 00:03:00,005
So she could talk to me
about what that was.
63
00:03:00,136 --> 00:03:03,183
That forms us in
interesting kinds of ways.
64
00:03:03,313 --> 00:03:05,010
I mean, people always
talk about slavery
65
00:03:05,141 --> 00:03:05,968
like it's ancient history.
66
00:03:06,098 --> 00:03:07,622
- Yeah.
- And it's not.
67
00:03:07,752 --> 00:03:09,798
- Mm-mm
- And lasted a long time.
68
00:03:09,928 --> 00:03:10,929
That. Yeah.
69
00:03:11,060 --> 00:03:12,104
♪
70
00:03:12,235 --> 00:03:14,368
In Africatown,
they grew their own food.
71
00:03:14,498 --> 00:03:16,805
They established
their own community
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00:03:16,935 --> 00:03:18,435
based on what they did
in their homeland,
73
00:03:18,459 --> 00:03:20,809
based on their traditions.
74
00:03:20,939 --> 00:03:23,203
And so as you sort of move
through the decades,
75
00:03:23,333 --> 00:03:25,205
you'll see that,
that community at one time,
76
00:03:25,335 --> 00:03:27,052
when it was thriving,
had everything you needed.
77
00:03:27,076 --> 00:03:29,557
♪
78
00:03:29,687 --> 00:03:31,847
Didn't have to go anywhere,
to go to the grocery store,
79
00:03:31,907 --> 00:03:33,865
see a doctor to be educated
80
00:03:33,996 --> 00:03:36,041
or even have some entertainment.
81
00:03:36,172 --> 00:03:37,608
[children shouting]
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00:03:37,739 --> 00:03:41,003
Everything you needed to live
83
00:03:41,133 --> 00:03:43,875
was right here in the community.
84
00:03:44,006 --> 00:03:47,009
And so when you talk to people,
they have so much pride
85
00:03:47,139 --> 00:03:49,229
in what it used to be.
86
00:03:49,359 --> 00:03:52,971
One time it was 12,000 people,
now it's 2000.
87
00:03:53,102 --> 00:03:57,976
♪
88
00:03:58,107 --> 00:03:59,978
Now we're trying
to revive Africatown.
89
00:04:00,109 --> 00:04:03,460
♪
90
00:04:03,591 --> 00:04:05,201
We have a place called Kazoola,
91
00:04:05,332 --> 00:04:07,986
named after my great-great-
great-grandfather.
92
00:04:08,117 --> 00:04:16,117
♪
93
00:04:20,172 --> 00:04:22,871
[applause]
94
00:04:23,001 --> 00:04:24,438
So why are you the first Black
95
00:04:24,568 --> 00:04:26,048
person I ever seen play a banjo?
96
00:04:26,178 --> 00:04:27,895
- That's the question.
- That is the question.
97
00:04:27,919 --> 00:04:29,723
Because it was like,
I grew up seeing white people
98
00:04:29,747 --> 00:04:31,706
play the banjo
and kind of going,
99
00:04:31,836 --> 00:04:35,231
oh, that's cool,
but it's not part of my culture.
100
00:04:35,362 --> 00:04:37,799
And then I found
there are some recordings
101
00:04:37,929 --> 00:04:39,670
of the Black players
of this music.
102
00:04:39,801 --> 00:04:41,933
And then as I started to dig
103
00:04:42,064 --> 00:04:44,762
and, like, this used to be
a huge tradition.
104
00:04:44,893 --> 00:04:46,938
It was an enormous
tradition all across,
105
00:04:47,069 --> 00:04:49,201
not just the south,
but all across the country.
106
00:04:49,332 --> 00:04:53,118
So I know the banjo
as this, metal strings,
107
00:04:53,249 --> 00:04:55,991
metallic instrument
often played bluegrass style.
108
00:04:56,121 --> 00:04:58,863
And then I learned
that the banjo
109
00:04:58,994 --> 00:05:01,126
was an African American
instrument.
110
00:05:01,257 --> 00:05:03,912
So it looked more like this.
111
00:05:04,042 --> 00:05:06,523
It was known by everybody
as a Black instrument.
112
00:05:06,654 --> 00:05:08,873
The emblem of being Black
was the banjo.
113
00:05:09,004 --> 00:05:13,791
♪
114
00:05:13,922 --> 00:05:17,099
Then you have a change
in the 1820s, and 30s,
115
00:05:17,229 --> 00:05:20,145
and that's when
white folk started going.
116
00:05:20,276 --> 00:05:22,974
"That's really cool.
I would like to play that."
117
00:05:23,105 --> 00:05:26,761
So you have white entertainers
picking up the banjo.
118
00:05:26,891 --> 00:05:28,806
The reason why we don't
talk about this shift
119
00:05:28,937 --> 00:05:30,765
is because the white folks
playing this banjo
120
00:05:30,895 --> 00:05:32,680
would have been
doing it in blackface.
121
00:05:32,810 --> 00:05:35,813
This entire industry becomes
the blackface minstrel show,
122
00:05:35,944 --> 00:05:37,554
is the most popular
form of entertainment
123
00:05:37,685 --> 00:05:39,991
for, like, over 60 years.
124
00:05:40,122 --> 00:05:42,777
Are you saying that what
we know as bluegrass today
125
00:05:42,907 --> 00:05:46,041
actually began with
African Americans?
126
00:05:46,171 --> 00:05:47,999
- 100% - Wow.
127
00:05:48,130 --> 00:05:49,410
That's exactly
what we're saying.
128
00:05:49,523 --> 00:05:50,785
Wow.
129
00:05:50,915 --> 00:05:52,526
So are you saying
the original do-si-do
130
00:05:52,656 --> 00:05:54,179
was an African American thing?
131
00:05:54,310 --> 00:05:57,574
So, way back when you have
nothing but dances
132
00:05:57,705 --> 00:05:59,968
as entertainment,
and you have plantations,
133
00:06:00,098 --> 00:06:02,536
the musicians for these balls
are African American.
134
00:06:02,666 --> 00:06:04,146
Almost always.
135
00:06:04,276 --> 00:06:06,714
And so they are forced
to learn European dances,
136
00:06:06,844 --> 00:06:08,629
European music,
137
00:06:08,759 --> 00:06:12,023
and then they are
themselves mixing it.
138
00:06:12,154 --> 00:06:14,330
The thing that sets apart
American square dancing,
139
00:06:14,461 --> 00:06:17,246
and country dances from
Europe is the calling.
140
00:06:17,377 --> 00:06:18,813
You don't have callers.
141
00:06:18,943 --> 00:06:20,343
And that's the thing
that you think.
142
00:06:20,467 --> 00:06:22,140
♪ Do-si-do, and round around,
and round you go ♪
143
00:06:22,164 --> 00:06:23,402
♪ and grab your partner
and up and down ♪
144
00:06:23,426 --> 00:06:23,992
♪ and swing that
Sally girl around. ♪
145
00:06:24,122 --> 00:06:25,689
That stuff.
146
00:06:25,820 --> 00:06:27,275
These are the innovations
that make this music
147
00:06:27,299 --> 00:06:30,128
uniquely American
are African American.
148
00:06:30,259 --> 00:06:38,259
♪
149
00:06:44,316 --> 00:06:47,276
♪ I got a home in Beulah Land,
outshine the sun ♪
150
00:06:47,407 --> 00:06:49,583
♪ I got a home in Beulah Land,
151
00:06:49,713 --> 00:06:51,280
♪ outshine the sun
152
00:06:51,411 --> 00:06:54,588
♪ I got a home in Beulah Land,
outshine the sun ♪
153
00:06:54,718 --> 00:06:56,807
♪ way beyond the blue.
154
00:06:56,938 --> 00:06:58,156
Do it again now, come on!
155
00:06:58,287 --> 00:07:01,638
♪ Nights in the valley,
outshine the sun ♪
156
00:07:01,769 --> 00:07:03,248
♪ Nights in the valley,
157
00:07:03,379 --> 00:07:05,120
♪ outshine the sun
158
00:07:05,250 --> 00:07:08,819
♪ Nights in the valley,
outshine the sun ♪
159
00:07:08,950 --> 00:07:11,039
♪ Way beyond the blue!
160
00:07:11,169 --> 00:07:11,996
Yeah!
161
00:07:12,127 --> 00:07:15,565
♪
162
00:07:15,696 --> 00:07:19,047
[cheers] [applause]
163
00:07:19,177 --> 00:07:23,225
♪
164
00:07:23,355 --> 00:07:25,836
We're here in Costa Rica,
165
00:07:25,967 --> 00:07:28,143
because of a local group
of young divers
166
00:07:28,273 --> 00:07:30,798
believes that
Africans contributed
167
00:07:30,928 --> 00:07:33,061
to their history and culture.
168
00:07:33,191 --> 00:07:36,151
This time we're not diving
to investigate the deaths
169
00:07:36,281 --> 00:07:38,240
of those that never made it.
170
00:07:38,370 --> 00:07:40,764
This time, we're
investigating one group
171
00:07:40,895 --> 00:07:42,026
that may have survived.
172
00:07:42,157 --> 00:07:47,292
♪
173
00:07:47,423 --> 00:07:50,295
Before we do any diving,
Alannah, Kinga and I
174
00:07:50,426 --> 00:07:52,646
are traveling through
Southern Costa Rica
175
00:07:52,776 --> 00:07:54,691
on our way to a remote village,
176
00:07:54,822 --> 00:07:56,214
several hours from the ocean
177
00:07:56,345 --> 00:07:58,782
into the rainforest
of the Highlands.
178
00:07:58,913 --> 00:08:04,484
♪
179
00:08:04,614 --> 00:08:06,026
[KINGA] We're meeting members
of an indigenous group
180
00:08:06,050 --> 00:08:07,965
called the Bribri.
181
00:08:08,096 --> 00:08:10,272
They're considered to be
descendants of the Mayans,
182
00:08:10,402 --> 00:08:12,202
but there might be
another side to that story.
183
00:08:12,274 --> 00:08:17,105
♪
184
00:08:17,235 --> 00:08:19,977
Their folklore
tells of slave ships
185
00:08:20,108 --> 00:08:21,948
that were wrecked
on the Costa Rican shoreline,
186
00:08:22,066 --> 00:08:23,328
and of Africans who came ashore
187
00:08:23,459 --> 00:08:25,940
to make a new life for
themselves in the forests.
188
00:08:26,070 --> 00:08:28,116
♪
189
00:08:28,246 --> 00:08:29,683
But their African ancestry
190
00:08:29,813 --> 00:08:32,816
has always been considered
to be a mere tribal legend.
191
00:08:32,947 --> 00:08:36,385
[people chatting]
192
00:08:36,516 --> 00:08:39,954
Maria Suarez Toro has invited us
here to a Bribri feast
193
00:08:40,084 --> 00:08:41,453
to see if we can
help this community
194
00:08:41,477 --> 00:08:44,132
reclaim its lost history.
195
00:08:44,262 --> 00:08:52,262
[speaking Spanish]
196
00:08:54,316 --> 00:09:02,316
[speaking Spanish]
197
00:09:09,287 --> 00:09:10,898
[speaking Spanish]
198
00:09:11,028 --> 00:09:13,727
I would like to thank everyone
for inviting us here
199
00:09:13,857 --> 00:09:15,946
to hear your story.
200
00:09:16,077 --> 00:09:18,296
On some level I'm jealous
201
00:09:18,427 --> 00:09:22,213
because my question is always
where do you come from?
202
00:09:22,344 --> 00:09:25,173
And the answer to that
for me is always,
203
00:09:25,303 --> 00:09:26,653
I don't know.
204
00:09:26,783 --> 00:09:31,788
I don't have a connection
to my home or my people
205
00:09:31,919 --> 00:09:34,748
so to be able to assist
206
00:09:34,878 --> 00:09:37,359
in answering those questions
207
00:09:37,489 --> 00:09:40,841
is a connection for me.
208
00:09:40,971 --> 00:09:47,151
[applause]
209
00:09:47,282 --> 00:09:50,241
I want to hear the local story.
210
00:09:50,372 --> 00:09:52,069
What do locals say
about what happened
211
00:09:52,200 --> 00:09:53,200
or those shipwrecks?
212
00:10:13,308 --> 00:10:15,136
I can't really imagine.
213
00:10:15,266 --> 00:10:17,486
You've just wrecked up
in the middle of nowhere.
214
00:10:17,617 --> 00:10:19,227
You have no idea where you are.
215
00:10:19,357 --> 00:10:21,185
You look to your left,
and it's just ocean.
216
00:10:21,316 --> 00:10:24,101
And then you look to your right,
and you see dark forest.
217
00:10:24,232 --> 00:10:26,016
♪
218
00:10:26,147 --> 00:10:27,278
You have to make a choice.
219
00:10:27,409 --> 00:10:29,237
Do you try and
go back to the wreck
220
00:10:29,367 --> 00:10:30,934
or do you go into
the rainforest?
221
00:10:31,065 --> 00:10:39,065
That must've been
absolutely terrifying.
222
00:10:46,036 --> 00:10:54,036
That must've been
absolutely terrifying.
223
00:10:54,349 --> 00:10:56,177
- The Bribri adopted them.
- Yeah.
224
00:10:56,307 --> 00:10:57,545
And they went into
the rainforest,
225
00:10:57,569 --> 00:10:59,093
and the Bribri adopted them.
226
00:10:59,223 --> 00:11:03,401
That's an amazing,
an amazing story.
227
00:11:03,532 --> 00:11:05,186
♪
228
00:11:05,316 --> 00:11:07,057
From time to time,
these teenage divers
229
00:11:07,188 --> 00:11:10,147
have seen artifacts off shore.
230
00:11:10,278 --> 00:11:12,541
If we can connect them
to slave ships,
231
00:11:12,672 --> 00:11:14,935
we'll be able to back up
the legends with hard evidence.
232
00:11:15,065 --> 00:11:18,939
♪
233
00:11:19,069 --> 00:11:24,161
♪
234
00:11:24,292 --> 00:11:27,295
When enslaved Africans
were brought to the Americas,
235
00:11:27,425 --> 00:11:29,105
it wasn't just their bodies
that came here.
236
00:11:29,210 --> 00:11:31,081
♪
237
00:11:31,212 --> 00:11:33,997
They brought their memories
and ideas with them.
238
00:11:34,128 --> 00:11:36,130
And there's evidence
for this transfer of culture
239
00:11:36,260 --> 00:11:38,088
wherever Africans were taken.
240
00:11:38,219 --> 00:11:43,224
♪
241
00:11:43,354 --> 00:11:46,009
In Brazil,
tens of thousands of artifacts
242
00:11:46,140 --> 00:11:48,098
have been discovered
at a site in Rio de Janeiro,
243
00:11:48,229 --> 00:11:50,187
that once processed
244
00:11:50,318 --> 00:11:52,146
up to 1,000,000
newly enslaved Africans.
245
00:11:52,276 --> 00:11:54,278
♪
246
00:11:54,409 --> 00:11:56,019
Archeologists here
have unearthed
247
00:11:56,150 --> 00:11:57,629
some of the most
intimate objects
248
00:11:57,760 --> 00:12:05,760
associated with the slave trade.
249
00:12:11,513 --> 00:12:13,341
This is a cowrie shell.
250
00:12:13,471 --> 00:12:14,579
You see these
in the Gulf of Guinea
251
00:12:14,603 --> 00:12:22,219
on the coast
of West and Central Africa.
252
00:12:22,350 --> 00:12:23,544
So an enslaved African
would have brought this
253
00:12:23,568 --> 00:12:26,180
with them right up to Brazil?
254
00:12:26,310 --> 00:12:27,310
Yes.
255
00:12:39,497 --> 00:12:41,238
- It's incredible.
- Yeah.
256
00:12:41,369 --> 00:12:43,588
So this is a pipe
that an African
257
00:12:43,719 --> 00:12:45,566
would have actually
brought with them and smoked.
258
00:12:45,590 --> 00:12:47,114
Yeah.
259
00:12:47,244 --> 00:12:48,395
There's something
quite intimate about that.
260
00:12:48,419 --> 00:12:51,988
It's a very personal thing
that you carry with you
261
00:12:52,119 --> 00:12:56,427
that you use for comfort.
262
00:12:56,558 --> 00:12:57,820
Oh wow.
263
00:12:57,951 --> 00:13:00,040
These are the kinds of beads
that African women wear-
264
00:13:00,170 --> 00:13:01,476
Yes.
265
00:13:01,606 --> 00:13:03,367
Right up till today,
you see them in countries
266
00:13:03,391 --> 00:13:04,566
in West Africa.
267
00:13:04,696 --> 00:13:09,484
I'm just imagining
a woman who was enslaved
268
00:13:09,614 --> 00:13:13,053
clinging on to this vestige
of her dignity,
269
00:13:13,183 --> 00:13:18,449
of her style, of her culture.
270
00:13:18,580 --> 00:13:20,277
Is it a spiritual thing?
271
00:13:20,408 --> 00:13:21,689
Does it bring good
luck or protection?
272
00:13:21,713 --> 00:13:23,106
Protection, mostly perfections.
273
00:13:26,893 --> 00:13:29,330
So that culture of wearing
these survives till today
274
00:13:29,460 --> 00:13:31,898
in areas where there's a lot
of African heritage in Brazil?
275
00:13:32,028 --> 00:13:33,028
Yes.
276
00:13:39,340 --> 00:13:41,211
- It is a ring.
- Yep.
277
00:13:41,342 --> 00:13:44,258
As a woman, I know that a ring
is a very precious thing,
278
00:13:44,388 --> 00:13:45,999
no matter what it's made out of.
279
00:13:46,129 --> 00:13:48,392
It's a very personal object.
280
00:13:48,523 --> 00:13:50,307
Now looking at
all of these things,
281
00:13:50,438 --> 00:13:53,180
I feel that when we talk
about the Africans
282
00:13:53,310 --> 00:13:55,269
involved in the slave trade,
283
00:13:55,399 --> 00:13:57,271
they're often these nameless
faceless victims,
284
00:13:57,401 --> 00:13:59,273
we don't have photos of them.
285
00:13:59,403 --> 00:14:02,276
Their names were
changed or forgotten,
286
00:14:02,406 --> 00:14:05,018
but these things
are so personal and intimate,
287
00:14:05,148 --> 00:14:07,629
it really gives them a face.
288
00:14:07,759 --> 00:14:10,327
Really brings them
to life as living people
289
00:14:10,458 --> 00:14:16,246
who had their own style,
their habits and their culture.
290
00:14:16,377 --> 00:14:21,382
♪
291
00:14:21,512 --> 00:14:23,688
Most people in Costa Rica
don't take the folklore
292
00:14:23,819 --> 00:14:26,300
about the Bribri's
ancestry very seriously,
293
00:14:26,430 --> 00:14:30,521
but marine archeologist
Andreas Bloch does.
294
00:14:30,652 --> 00:14:34,308
He thinks he might even
have identified
295
00:14:34,438 --> 00:14:37,180
the exact ships
the legends are talking about.
296
00:14:37,311 --> 00:14:39,269
He found the clues
in the archives
297
00:14:39,400 --> 00:14:40,270
back home in Denmark.
298
00:14:40,401 --> 00:14:42,316
♪
299
00:14:42,446 --> 00:14:44,579
I didn't know Denmark was
involved in the slave trade.
300
00:14:44,709 --> 00:14:47,234
I didn't know how large
scale we were involved
301
00:14:47,364 --> 00:14:48,539
in slave trade.
302
00:14:48,670 --> 00:14:50,715
I couldn't believe
when I started looking
303
00:14:50,846 --> 00:14:52,674
at what had been written.
[rooster crowing]
304
00:14:52,804 --> 00:14:55,677
Scholars suspect that two
specific slave ships
305
00:14:55,807 --> 00:14:57,026
made it to this coast.
306
00:14:57,157 --> 00:14:58,375
I think they're right.
307
00:14:58,506 --> 00:15:00,226
Looking at the material,
it's the first time
308
00:15:00,334 --> 00:15:02,118
that Denmark
ever sends two ships
309
00:15:02,249 --> 00:15:04,773
on the same sort of voyage.
310
00:15:04,904 --> 00:15:08,124
They left Copenhagen and 1708,
311
00:15:08,255 --> 00:15:10,387
"Christianus Quintus"
312
00:15:10,518 --> 00:15:12,346
and "Fredericus Quartus."
313
00:15:12,476 --> 00:15:14,783
They're going to
go to West Africa,
314
00:15:14,914 --> 00:15:18,134
get slaves and then transport
them to the West Indies.
315
00:15:18,265 --> 00:15:20,745
When they leave West Africa,
316
00:15:20,876 --> 00:15:22,443
they are in
bad weather conditions,
317
00:15:22,573 --> 00:15:24,793
but they're completely lost.
318
00:15:24,924 --> 00:15:29,189
They're in open waters
for days and days and days.
319
00:15:29,319 --> 00:15:31,104
And they end up about here.
320
00:15:31,234 --> 00:15:33,367
- Ola.
- Hi, guys.
321
00:15:33,497 --> 00:15:36,109
One of the reasons that we know
that the two ships could be here
322
00:15:36,239 --> 00:15:37,632
is because in the archives,
323
00:15:37,762 --> 00:15:40,940
the name Caretto is mentioned.
324
00:15:41,070 --> 00:15:43,681
That was where they ended up,
but that doesn't exist.
325
00:15:43,812 --> 00:15:46,858
So Caretto sounds
a lot like Cahuita.
326
00:15:46,989 --> 00:15:49,513
And that is one of the reasons
that it could be here.
327
00:15:49,644 --> 00:15:51,994
♪
328
00:15:52,125 --> 00:15:54,649
From the historical records,
we know that the crew
329
00:15:54,779 --> 00:15:56,738
of "The Fredericus"
and "The Christianus"
330
00:15:56,868 --> 00:15:58,914
anchored the ships
close to shore
331
00:15:59,045 --> 00:16:01,134
and then mutinied
against their captains.
332
00:16:01,264 --> 00:16:02,744
[all shouting]
333
00:16:02,874 --> 00:16:05,181
The conditions on board
were horrendous.
334
00:16:05,312 --> 00:16:07,183
There was no food, no water,
335
00:16:07,314 --> 00:16:08,532
and they were afraid to die.
336
00:16:08,663 --> 00:16:10,230
[loud blast]
337
00:16:10,360 --> 00:16:12,188
"The Fredericus" was set on fire
338
00:16:12,319 --> 00:16:13,383
and the crew on
"The Christianus"
339
00:16:13,407 --> 00:16:15,670
cut the anchor
and the ship ran aground.
340
00:16:15,800 --> 00:16:19,282
♪
341
00:16:19,413 --> 00:16:21,415
The objects on board
sank with the ships
342
00:16:21,545 --> 00:16:23,721
and scattered across
the ocean floor.
343
00:16:23,852 --> 00:16:31,425
♪
344
00:16:31,555 --> 00:16:33,557
Most of the Africans
were set ashore.
345
00:16:33,688 --> 00:16:34,994
♪
346
00:16:35,124 --> 00:16:37,474
So these might be some
of the first Africans
347
00:16:37,605 --> 00:16:39,911
coming to this area
and populating it.
348
00:16:40,042 --> 00:16:44,351
[SALVADOR] So we have seen
a lot of artifacts out there.
349
00:16:44,481 --> 00:16:48,833
How can we link all these
objects to that time period
350
00:16:48,964 --> 00:16:51,662
in which the ship
actually shipwrecked here?
351
00:16:51,793 --> 00:16:54,709
Hopefully we'll find
these clues that point to
352
00:16:54,839 --> 00:16:58,321
these two wrecks
being "Christianus Quintus"
353
00:16:58,452 --> 00:17:00,410
and "Fredericus Quartus."
354
00:17:00,541 --> 00:17:04,153
This looks like a cargo list.
Is that correct?
355
00:17:04,284 --> 00:17:05,459
Yeah, it is.
356
00:17:05,589 --> 00:17:07,437
We can see there's loads
of different stuff here.
357
00:17:07,461 --> 00:17:09,332
These are canvas
and there's clothes
358
00:17:09,463 --> 00:17:11,987
and there's handguns
and there's timbers
359
00:17:12,118 --> 00:17:14,903
and there's bottles
of wine and brandy.
360
00:17:15,034 --> 00:17:18,385
What key pieces
of information and evidence
361
00:17:18,515 --> 00:17:19,971
do you have in these records
that would connect them
362
00:17:19,995 --> 00:17:22,041
to these two wrecks?
363
00:17:22,171 --> 00:17:24,391
There's a lot of artifacts
that would survive.
364
00:17:24,521 --> 00:17:27,394
The ceramics would survive,
the glass bottles
365
00:17:27,524 --> 00:17:29,874
that are very specific
in this period would survive.
366
00:17:30,005 --> 00:17:31,267
That's what we focus on.
367
00:17:31,398 --> 00:17:33,095
Sounds like
we need to go diving.
368
00:17:33,226 --> 00:17:38,361
♪
369
00:17:38,492 --> 00:17:40,276
Africa's contribution
to world culture
370
00:17:40,407 --> 00:17:42,583
has been pretty much ignored.
371
00:17:42,713 --> 00:17:47,631
♪
372
00:17:47,762 --> 00:17:49,503
I'm traveling to Lalibela
373
00:17:49,633 --> 00:17:51,461
to see one of the wonders
of the world.
374
00:17:51,592 --> 00:17:59,513
♪
375
00:17:59,643 --> 00:18:02,733
It's an 800-year-old
Orthodox church
376
00:18:02,864 --> 00:18:08,870
carved into the ground
out of a single piece of rock.
377
00:18:09,000 --> 00:18:11,177
- It's quite magical.
- Absolutely.
378
00:18:11,307 --> 00:18:13,092
♪
379
00:18:13,222 --> 00:18:16,747
I'm meeting the world's leading
expert on African fractals.
380
00:18:16,878 --> 00:18:20,403
So tell me about fractals.
What are fractals?
381
00:18:20,534 --> 00:18:22,753
Fractals are just
the simplest thing in the world.
382
00:18:22,884 --> 00:18:25,756
So it's simply a pattern
that repeats itself
383
00:18:25,887 --> 00:18:28,411
at different scales.
384
00:18:28,542 --> 00:18:30,631
So when you were looking
at a building like this,
385
00:18:30,761 --> 00:18:34,809
you're saying the crosses on top
big, medium, small.
386
00:18:34,939 --> 00:18:37,004
Right. You've got the cross
within cross within crosses
387
00:18:37,028 --> 00:18:38,813
on the roof.
388
00:18:38,943 --> 00:18:41,772
At the very center
there's a sort of X form.
389
00:18:41,903 --> 00:18:44,079
You can think of that as
the self-reproducing heart
390
00:18:44,210 --> 00:18:46,908
of the fractal,
where the thing emanates from.
391
00:18:47,038 --> 00:18:49,824
If you look down
into the interior here,
392
00:18:49,954 --> 00:18:53,088
you can see that the ripples
of that cross
393
00:18:53,219 --> 00:18:56,918
continue from
the base of the church.
394
00:18:57,048 --> 00:18:59,529
This is really a geometric theme
395
00:18:59,660 --> 00:19:01,314
that occurs again
and again and again
396
00:19:01,444 --> 00:19:02,967
in these African structures.
397
00:19:03,098 --> 00:19:04,969
This is a different way
of looking at the world
398
00:19:05,100 --> 00:19:06,971
than Westerners are used to.
399
00:19:07,102 --> 00:19:08,930
Yes, that's right.
400
00:19:09,060 --> 00:19:12,412
Nature has this
fractal geometry.
401
00:19:12,542 --> 00:19:15,458
It has this self
similar geometry to it.
402
00:19:15,589 --> 00:19:18,592
A tree for example,
you could have a branch
403
00:19:18,722 --> 00:19:20,550
and then that branch
can have branches,
404
00:19:20,681 --> 00:19:22,726
and those branches
can have branches.
405
00:19:22,857 --> 00:19:26,469
Clouds, the clouds
are puffs of puffs.
406
00:19:26,600 --> 00:19:29,777
You see that in mountains,
peaks of peaks of peaks.
407
00:19:29,907 --> 00:19:31,735
- Snowflakes.
- Yes, exactly.
408
00:19:31,866 --> 00:19:35,565
So you have this fractal
scaling in nature.
409
00:19:35,696 --> 00:19:39,482
But I was looking at
these aerial photographs
410
00:19:39,613 --> 00:19:42,398
of African villages,
thinking to myself,
411
00:19:42,529 --> 00:19:44,705
dang, those look like fractals.
412
00:19:44,835 --> 00:19:47,969
And that's when I realized
there must be something
413
00:19:48,099 --> 00:19:50,450
culturally specific.
414
00:19:50,580 --> 00:19:53,192
Some form of knowledge
that's going into these.
415
00:19:53,322 --> 00:19:55,019
♪
416
00:19:55,150 --> 00:19:58,022
Once you understand fractals,
and you can sort of read them,
417
00:19:58,153 --> 00:20:01,548
that whole African indigenous
knowledge system opens up.
418
00:20:01,678 --> 00:20:03,724
It's all over Africa.
419
00:20:03,854 --> 00:20:06,814
You see them in Senegal,
Mali, Burkina Faso.
420
00:20:06,944 --> 00:20:08,642
I've seen them in Ghana,
and Cameroon,
421
00:20:08,772 --> 00:20:11,732
South Africa, East Tanzania,
422
00:20:11,862 --> 00:20:14,474
just beautiful arrays
of these fractal algorithms.
423
00:20:14,604 --> 00:20:17,041
In Addis,
there's a whole building
424
00:20:17,172 --> 00:20:18,826
that's a fractal building.
425
00:20:18,956 --> 00:20:19,957
It breathes.
426
00:20:20,088 --> 00:20:22,264
It has a fractal
perforation on the skin.
427
00:20:22,395 --> 00:20:26,660
And so they've massively cut
the need for air conditioning.
428
00:20:26,790 --> 00:20:28,531
And it took the West a long time
429
00:20:28,662 --> 00:20:31,055
to recognize these patterns.
430
00:20:31,186 --> 00:20:33,841
It wasn't until 1977
431
00:20:33,971 --> 00:20:36,539
that the first book
on fractals was published.
432
00:20:36,670 --> 00:20:39,542
Africans have been using it
for centuries before then.
433
00:20:39,673 --> 00:20:42,023
[singing in native language]
434
00:20:42,153 --> 00:20:44,286
Did African fractals
have an impact on the world?
435
00:20:44,417 --> 00:20:46,288
Yes.
436
00:20:46,419 --> 00:20:49,160
Through a mathematically related
fortune telling system.
437
00:20:49,291 --> 00:20:51,772
You're doing these random lines,
you're counting them off.
438
00:20:51,902 --> 00:20:54,078
Drawing all these lines in sand.
439
00:20:54,209 --> 00:20:57,081
If there's an even number,
you put down two strokes,
440
00:20:57,212 --> 00:20:59,606
there's an odd number,
you put down one stroke.
441
00:20:59,736 --> 00:21:01,236
And when I went to these folks
and asked them
442
00:21:01,260 --> 00:21:02,759
if they could tell me
more about it they said,
443
00:21:02,783 --> 00:21:04,437
"nah, this is a secret."
444
00:21:04,567 --> 00:21:05,916
"I can't tell."
445
00:21:06,047 --> 00:21:07,831
So I had to go through
the initiation ritual
446
00:21:07,962 --> 00:21:10,573
to become an Abonnema
divination priest.
447
00:21:10,704 --> 00:21:14,534
So what I found was
that back in the 12th century,
448
00:21:14,664 --> 00:21:17,188
the system went up into Europe
449
00:21:17,319 --> 00:21:19,713
and it was taken up
by the Alchemist.
450
00:21:19,843 --> 00:21:22,498
Now, Leibniz,
the German mathematician,
451
00:21:22,629 --> 00:21:24,848
when he invented
the binary code,
452
00:21:24,979 --> 00:21:27,242
he was actually
studying the system.
453
00:21:27,373 --> 00:21:30,114
And then it goes from
Leibniz to George Boole
454
00:21:30,245 --> 00:21:32,116
creating Boolean algebra.
455
00:21:32,247 --> 00:21:33,944
Boolean algebra gets
turned into hardware
456
00:21:34,075 --> 00:21:35,555
by John von Neumann,
457
00:21:35,685 --> 00:21:37,992
that's the birth
of the digital computer.
458
00:21:38,122 --> 00:21:39,970
So all those little ones
and zeroes running around
459
00:21:39,994 --> 00:21:41,256
in all of our digital circuits
460
00:21:41,387 --> 00:21:43,780
really start with
that African origin.
461
00:21:43,911 --> 00:21:46,043
There are two different
paths that you can take
462
00:21:46,174 --> 00:21:48,045
in mathematics.
463
00:21:48,176 --> 00:21:51,048
One is to think about how to
impose order from the top down.
464
00:21:51,179 --> 00:21:54,530
One is think how to allow order
to emerge from the bottom up.
465
00:21:54,661 --> 00:21:55,792
♪
466
00:21:55,923 --> 00:21:58,186
One of my hopes is
that we can now recover
467
00:21:58,317 --> 00:22:00,710
that process that was
interrupted by the slave trade.
468
00:22:00,841 --> 00:22:04,975
♪
469
00:22:05,106 --> 00:22:11,678
♪
470
00:22:11,808 --> 00:22:14,202
We're going to a dive site
where young Costa Ricans
471
00:22:14,333 --> 00:22:16,247
have noticed many
different artifacts
472
00:22:16,378 --> 00:22:19,033
that might shed light
on their history.
473
00:22:42,230 --> 00:22:43,100
Okay.
474
00:22:43,231 --> 00:22:48,410
♪
475
00:22:48,541 --> 00:22:50,804
It's finally time to get
in the water and start hunting.
476
00:22:50,934 --> 00:22:53,154
♪
477
00:22:53,284 --> 00:22:54,653
We're going to
snorkel around first,
478
00:22:54,677 --> 00:22:55,852
and do a survey of the area.
479
00:22:55,983 --> 00:23:03,983
♪
480
00:23:04,383 --> 00:23:07,995
I hope that it might help
to actually put together
481
00:23:08,125 --> 00:23:11,607
like all the pieces of the
puzzle
482
00:23:11,738 --> 00:23:16,743
to give the voice
to all those people.
483
00:23:16,873 --> 00:23:19,659
It seems easy, but it's not.
484
00:23:19,789 --> 00:23:21,835
This is a huge area to cover.
485
00:23:21,965 --> 00:23:25,012
And over 300 years,
tides and storms
486
00:23:25,142 --> 00:23:26,970
would have moved
the artifacts around.
487
00:23:27,101 --> 00:23:35,065
♪
488
00:23:35,196 --> 00:23:36,980
We can barely see
anything down here.
489
00:23:37,111 --> 00:23:38,982
The visibility is so bad.
490
00:23:39,113 --> 00:23:43,247
♪
491
00:23:43,378 --> 00:23:46,250
Our job is to discover
if there are any remains
492
00:23:46,381 --> 00:23:48,165
of the two Danish
slave ships left behind.
493
00:23:48,296 --> 00:23:56,296
♪
494
00:24:03,224 --> 00:24:11,224
♪
495
00:24:18,152 --> 00:24:19,240
♪
496
00:24:19,370 --> 00:24:21,938
Woo! I found something.
497
00:24:22,069 --> 00:24:30,069
♪
498
00:24:36,039 --> 00:24:38,085
It's actually kind of hard
to see down here,
499
00:24:38,215 --> 00:24:40,304
so I really didn't expect
to find anything at all.
500
00:24:40,435 --> 00:24:43,351
What we found here
could be significant.
501
00:24:43,482 --> 00:24:45,875
It looks like a period bottle.
502
00:24:46,006 --> 00:24:48,225
It's brown in color.
503
00:24:48,356 --> 00:24:49,705
It seems like it might have some
504
00:24:49,836 --> 00:24:52,273
manufacturing defects on it,
505
00:24:52,403 --> 00:24:55,145
but it's definitely not
a modern bottle.
506
00:24:55,276 --> 00:24:58,018
And one discovery
leads to another.
507
00:24:58,148 --> 00:25:06,148
♪
508
00:25:10,204 --> 00:25:11,379
Woo!
509
00:25:11,510 --> 00:25:13,076
- You got something?
- Yeah, yeah, yeah.
510
00:25:13,207 --> 00:25:19,300
♪
511
00:25:19,430 --> 00:25:21,824
I've never really
seen so many artifacts
512
00:25:21,955 --> 00:25:24,174
scattered around
in the same place.
513
00:25:43,585 --> 00:25:47,154
Archeologically speaking,
this is a treasure trove, right.
514
00:25:47,284 --> 00:25:49,199
There are items
all over the place.
515
00:25:49,330 --> 00:25:51,201
So now's the time where
we need to get back in,
516
00:25:51,332 --> 00:25:53,900
and start to document
and record these things.
517
00:25:54,030 --> 00:25:55,075
Great job, guys.
518
00:25:55,205 --> 00:25:57,207
♪
519
00:25:57,338 --> 00:25:59,514
We don't yet know whether
these artifacts
520
00:25:59,645 --> 00:26:02,125
are from the slave ships
we're trying to identify.
521
00:26:02,256 --> 00:26:05,085
But finding so many
so close together
522
00:26:05,215 --> 00:26:06,303
is a giant step forward.
523
00:26:06,434 --> 00:26:10,220
♪
524
00:26:10,351 --> 00:26:14,573
♪ I've got a body,
dark and strong. ♪
525
00:26:14,703 --> 00:26:17,010
♪
526
00:26:17,140 --> 00:26:19,316
♪ I was young,
but not for long. ♪
527
00:26:19,447 --> 00:26:22,972
♪
528
00:26:23,103 --> 00:26:25,975
♪ You took me to bed,
a little girl. ♪
529
00:26:26,106 --> 00:26:29,196
♪
530
00:26:29,326 --> 00:26:32,852
♪ Left me in a woman's world. ♪
531
00:26:32,982 --> 00:26:35,289
♪
532
00:26:35,419 --> 00:26:37,310
I've done a lot of research
about time of slavery.
533
00:26:37,334 --> 00:26:39,293
And I was looking
at advertisements
534
00:26:39,423 --> 00:26:42,296
where people were putting ads
in the paper to sell people.
535
00:26:42,426 --> 00:26:44,864
And I saw one in particular,
536
00:26:44,994 --> 00:26:47,997
it was for a young woman
who was for sale.
537
00:26:48,128 --> 00:26:50,609
And at the end of the ad,
538
00:26:50,739 --> 00:26:54,047
it said that she has with her
a nine-month-old baby
539
00:26:54,177 --> 00:26:56,179
who was at
the purchaser's option.
540
00:26:56,310 --> 00:26:59,966
And I don't know,
those words just really...
541
00:27:00,096 --> 00:27:02,229
Stuck with me
542
00:27:02,359 --> 00:27:04,623
and thinking about
her in particular.
543
00:27:04,753 --> 00:27:06,189
♪
544
00:27:06,320 --> 00:27:09,192
♪ I got a baby,
shall I keep him? ♪
545
00:27:09,323 --> 00:27:12,239
♪
546
00:27:12,369 --> 00:27:15,895
♪ 'Twill come a day
when I'll be weeping ♪
547
00:27:16,025 --> 00:27:19,246
♪
548
00:27:19,376 --> 00:27:22,641
♪ But how can I
love him any less? ♪
549
00:27:22,771 --> 00:27:25,556
♪
550
00:27:25,687 --> 00:27:29,212
♪ This little babe
upon my breast ♪
551
00:27:29,343 --> 00:27:32,302
♪
552
00:27:32,433 --> 00:27:35,349
♪ You can take my body,
you can take my bones, ♪
553
00:27:35,479 --> 00:27:38,482
♪ you can take my blood,
but not my soul. ♪
554
00:27:38,613 --> 00:27:42,008
♪ You can take my body,
take my bones, ♪
555
00:27:42,138 --> 00:27:43,836
♪ you can take my blood,
556
00:27:43,966 --> 00:27:49,929
♪ but not my soul.
557
00:27:50,059 --> 00:27:51,887
♪
558
00:27:52,018 --> 00:27:53,584
You have this lineage here.
559
00:27:53,715 --> 00:27:57,501
You have this connection
historically to that last ship
560
00:27:57,632 --> 00:27:59,068
that was sent over here.
561
00:27:59,199 --> 00:28:01,331
You know where you come from.
562
00:28:01,462 --> 00:28:04,204
I don't know necessarily
where my family comes from
563
00:28:04,334 --> 00:28:07,033
in the same way, but musically,
564
00:28:07,163 --> 00:28:09,252
I know my lineage.
565
00:28:09,383 --> 00:28:11,472
There's more than
one way to be connected
566
00:28:11,602 --> 00:28:13,213
to who we are as a community.
567
00:28:13,343 --> 00:28:14,910
And it's not just blood.
568
00:28:15,041 --> 00:28:17,696
♪
569
00:28:17,826 --> 00:28:20,176
In the gathering place
right behind Kazoola,
570
00:28:20,307 --> 00:28:21,917
the Africatown community
has symbols
571
00:28:22,048 --> 00:28:23,310
to commemorate their ancestors.
572
00:28:23,440 --> 00:28:26,356
♪
573
00:28:26,487 --> 00:28:28,271
Family and friends,
in the presence of God,
574
00:28:28,402 --> 00:28:30,273
we come to pour our libation
575
00:28:30,404 --> 00:28:33,102
in memory
of our faith and blood.
576
00:28:33,233 --> 00:28:35,757
Growing up not far from here,
577
00:28:35,888 --> 00:28:39,543
I would never have imagined
the traditional African ceremony
578
00:28:39,674 --> 00:28:41,545
survived in Alabama.
579
00:28:41,676 --> 00:28:44,853
When we pour libation,
we awaken the ancestors.
580
00:28:44,984 --> 00:28:47,116
We talk to them.
581
00:28:47,247 --> 00:28:49,336
We're going to pour forth
water to symbolize
582
00:28:49,466 --> 00:28:52,121
the richness of our inheritance,
583
00:28:52,252 --> 00:28:55,211
to symbolize
how nourishing is the earth
584
00:28:55,342 --> 00:28:56,343
which has fed our lives
585
00:28:56,473 --> 00:28:58,127
and all our previous
generations.
586
00:28:58,258 --> 00:29:00,390
In response to each pouring,
587
00:29:00,521 --> 00:29:04,568
I would like for
you to respond "ashe",
588
00:29:04,699 --> 00:29:06,135
which means, "so be it."
589
00:29:06,266 --> 00:29:08,094
Repeat after me, ashe.
590
00:29:08,224 --> 00:29:09,312
Ashe.
591
00:29:09,443 --> 00:29:11,097
♪
592
00:29:11,227 --> 00:29:14,230
For many years, those Africans
from "The Clotilda"
593
00:29:14,361 --> 00:29:17,103
held rituals and rites
and buried their kin
594
00:29:17,233 --> 00:29:20,019
in this sacred space.
595
00:29:20,149 --> 00:29:22,586
If you would, call out the names
596
00:29:22,717 --> 00:29:25,111
of those who you have buried.
597
00:29:25,241 --> 00:29:26,241
Kazoola.
598
00:29:26,329 --> 00:29:27,983
Ashe.
599
00:29:28,114 --> 00:29:30,986
- [man shouts name]
- Ashe.
600
00:29:31,117 --> 00:29:33,032
- [woman shouts name]
- Ashe.
601
00:29:33,162 --> 00:29:36,383
♪
602
00:29:36,513 --> 00:29:38,211
Ashe.
603
00:29:38,341 --> 00:29:40,779
[roars]
604
00:29:40,909 --> 00:29:43,520
♪
605
00:29:43,651 --> 00:29:46,393
We found many different
artifacts on our last dive,
606
00:29:46,523 --> 00:29:48,569
but only Andreas
can tell us if they match
607
00:29:48,699 --> 00:29:50,614
the two Danish slave ships
608
00:29:50,745 --> 00:29:53,356
that may have brought
the enslaved Africans over here.
609
00:29:53,487 --> 00:29:56,620
♪
610
00:29:56,751 --> 00:29:58,318
What do you think?
611
00:29:58,448 --> 00:30:02,539
This plate, I'm quite sure
that that is after 1850.
612
00:30:02,670 --> 00:30:07,066
So if it's from after 1710,
it's not related to the wrecks.
613
00:30:07,196 --> 00:30:09,372
This is a broken
piece of ceramic.
614
00:30:09,503 --> 00:30:11,200
What do you think about that?
615
00:30:11,331 --> 00:30:13,246
Could be from this period?
616
00:30:13,376 --> 00:30:19,208
It could also be 150,
180 years more recent.
617
00:30:19,339 --> 00:30:21,297
Also, this is
an interesting bottle.
618
00:30:21,428 --> 00:30:23,256
♪
619
00:30:23,386 --> 00:30:24,786
It's difficult
to see in this photo,
620
00:30:24,866 --> 00:30:27,869
but it looks like it has
the shape of this onion bottle.
621
00:30:28,000 --> 00:30:30,306
That's one of the things that
we know from the cargo list
622
00:30:30,437 --> 00:30:33,266
is that we have
66 bottles of wine.
623
00:30:33,396 --> 00:30:36,312
And we also know that
we have French brandy.
624
00:30:36,443 --> 00:30:39,141
So this particular piece
is quite promising then?
625
00:30:39,272 --> 00:30:41,622
This is definitely
an interesting object.
626
00:30:41,752 --> 00:30:45,321
There are artifacts here
from so many time periods
627
00:30:45,452 --> 00:30:47,541
that we can't fully
identify any of them
628
00:30:47,671 --> 00:30:49,369
with the Danish ships.
629
00:30:49,499 --> 00:30:52,285
So Andreas wants to focus
on a kind of object
630
00:30:52,415 --> 00:30:54,591
that could have
only come from Denmark.
631
00:30:54,722 --> 00:30:57,899
So we know that there are all
these different types of cargo.
632
00:30:58,030 --> 00:31:02,251
Handguns, and there's bottles
of wine and brandy.
633
00:31:02,382 --> 00:31:04,182
But one thing that is
very specifically Danish
634
00:31:04,297 --> 00:31:06,081
is the yellow brick.
635
00:31:06,212 --> 00:31:07,517
The yellow brick?
636
00:31:07,648 --> 00:31:09,648
We know from the archives
that they usually carried
637
00:31:09,737 --> 00:31:12,261
sort of around 40,000 bricks.
638
00:31:12,392 --> 00:31:14,698
What would make
these bricks Danish?
639
00:31:14,829 --> 00:31:18,180
The size of the brick is
specifically very, very Danish.
640
00:31:18,311 --> 00:31:21,357
- I did bring one.
- Can we see?
641
00:31:21,488 --> 00:31:23,620
- Can we handle it?
- You can handle it.
642
00:31:23,751 --> 00:31:26,319
This is a brick
found in Denmark,
643
00:31:26,449 --> 00:31:28,712
and this size
is specifically Danish.
644
00:31:28,843 --> 00:31:31,759
And it's very often
that they're yellow.
645
00:31:31,890 --> 00:31:35,067
If you were to find bricks
of this size, this color,
646
00:31:35,197 --> 00:31:36,633
could be more reddish,
647
00:31:36,764 --> 00:31:39,419
then it would definitely
be a smoking gun.
648
00:31:39,549 --> 00:31:41,551
So there would be
a lot of bricks?
649
00:31:41,682 --> 00:31:43,522
Probably not going to look
like a gigantic pile
650
00:31:43,640 --> 00:31:45,077
of 40,000 bricks,
651
00:31:45,207 --> 00:31:49,385
but it will be sort of
a substantial area of bricks.
652
00:31:49,516 --> 00:31:52,171
So this is what
we're looking for, huh?
653
00:31:52,301 --> 00:31:53,322
This will be our smoking gun.
654
00:31:53,346 --> 00:31:56,915
♪
655
00:31:57,045 --> 00:32:00,744
[Narrator] Jamaica was
a plantation economy,
656
00:32:00,875 --> 00:32:03,051
completely dependent
on hundreds of thousands
657
00:32:03,182 --> 00:32:04,618
of enslaved Africans.
658
00:32:04,748 --> 00:32:09,492
Remarkably, some of them
helped plant the first seeds
659
00:32:09,623 --> 00:32:11,451
of democracy in the Americas.
660
00:32:11,581 --> 00:32:13,235
♪
661
00:32:13,366 --> 00:32:14,671
- Dorrick.
- Hey.
662
00:32:14,802 --> 00:32:15,629
- Hi.
- Hello
663
00:32:15,759 --> 00:32:16,759
So good to meet you.
664
00:32:16,804 --> 00:32:19,328
Yes. Welcome.
Welcome to Port Royal.
665
00:32:19,459 --> 00:32:20,459
Thank you.
666
00:32:20,547 --> 00:32:22,157
And it all connects
667
00:32:22,288 --> 00:32:25,726
to the original
Pirates of the Caribbean.
668
00:32:25,856 --> 00:32:28,947
What kind of city
was here in the 1600s?
669
00:32:37,694 --> 00:32:39,914
[indistinct chatter]
670
00:32:40,045 --> 00:32:42,917
Port Royal was also
full of brothels.
671
00:32:43,048 --> 00:32:46,921
It was known as
the wickedest city on earth.
672
00:32:47,052 --> 00:32:49,402
But along with all that
drinking and debauchery,
673
00:32:49,532 --> 00:32:52,187
came freedom
and the form of democracy
674
00:32:52,318 --> 00:32:54,363
in which Africans
would play a part.
675
00:32:54,494 --> 00:32:55,756
[laughter]
676
00:33:02,110 --> 00:33:04,373
I heard there were records
showing pirate ships
677
00:33:04,504 --> 00:33:08,073
whose crews were made up of
as much as 30% escaped Africans.
678
00:33:08,203 --> 00:33:09,726
Yes.
679
00:33:09,857 --> 00:33:12,120
The plantations were
complaining that they had
680
00:33:12,251 --> 00:33:14,253
2,500 enslaved Africans
681
00:33:14,383 --> 00:33:18,170
that ran away
to join the pirates.
682
00:33:18,300 --> 00:33:20,302
[cannon blast]
683
00:33:20,433 --> 00:33:22,304
When you're on board
these vessels,
684
00:33:22,435 --> 00:33:24,611
every man was equal.
685
00:33:24,741 --> 00:33:28,267
It was not question
of the color of your skin,
686
00:33:28,397 --> 00:33:30,791
but it was the skills you have.
687
00:33:30,921 --> 00:33:32,532
Pirates actually
gave opportunities?
688
00:33:32,662 --> 00:33:33,837
Yes.
689
00:33:33,968 --> 00:33:37,580
Because on board,
it was one man, one vote.
690
00:33:42,150 --> 00:33:44,326
It is remarkable that at
a time when Africans
691
00:33:44,457 --> 00:33:46,328
had been classified as subhuman,
692
00:33:46,459 --> 00:33:48,896
here was a world
where they had an equal vote,
693
00:33:49,027 --> 00:33:52,030
and an equal say alongside
their white counterparts.
694
00:34:01,082 --> 00:34:03,432
So here is the remains
of Port Royal
695
00:34:03,563 --> 00:34:05,478
that is now
completely submerged.
696
00:34:05,608 --> 00:34:07,610
- Submerged underwater.
- Underwater.
697
00:34:07,741 --> 00:34:11,353
I'm not a diver,
but I can snorkel.
698
00:34:11,484 --> 00:34:13,573
So I joined the pros
to see what remains
699
00:34:13,703 --> 00:34:15,183
of this underwater city.
700
00:34:15,314 --> 00:34:16,445
Woo!
701
00:34:16,576 --> 00:34:22,712
♪
702
00:34:22,843 --> 00:34:25,063
You can still see
the foundations of buildings
703
00:34:25,193 --> 00:34:29,589
and sometimes
17th century artifacts
704
00:34:29,719 --> 00:34:31,199
like this onion bottle.
705
00:34:31,330 --> 00:34:32,809
♪
706
00:34:32,940 --> 00:34:36,509
[all laugh]
707
00:34:36,639 --> 00:34:40,861
For about 20 years,
this submerged city
708
00:34:40,991 --> 00:34:43,037
was a place where Black pirates
709
00:34:43,168 --> 00:34:46,432
got to vote at sea and on land,
710
00:34:46,562 --> 00:34:49,870
helping to plant
democratic ideas
711
00:34:50,000 --> 00:34:51,437
in the new world.
712
00:34:51,567 --> 00:34:58,313
♪
713
00:34:58,444 --> 00:34:59,967
After talking with the locals,
714
00:35:00,098 --> 00:35:02,665
we learned that there are
a few more locations further out
715
00:35:02,796 --> 00:35:04,711
that could have
what we're looking for:
716
00:35:04,841 --> 00:35:08,671
Evidence of Danish slave ships.
717
00:35:08,802 --> 00:35:10,162
In addition to those
yellow bricks,
718
00:35:10,282 --> 00:35:13,763
we're also looking
for bigger things like cannons,
719
00:35:13,894 --> 00:35:16,984
cannon balls,
gold, and even ivory:
720
00:35:17,115 --> 00:35:20,161
things which would have been
on the slave ships from Africa.
721
00:35:20,292 --> 00:35:23,773
Since we're headed further out
and going into deeper water,
722
00:35:23,904 --> 00:35:25,340
snorkeling won't cut it.
723
00:35:25,471 --> 00:35:27,995
We're going to dive.
724
00:35:28,126 --> 00:35:32,347
So we need to talk dive plan
and a bit more about safety.
725
00:35:32,478 --> 00:35:35,959
Salvador is going to be
the lead youth diver
726
00:35:36,090 --> 00:35:38,614
in terms of safety.
727
00:35:38,745 --> 00:35:40,625
I know it's not very deep,
we've had instructors
728
00:35:40,660 --> 00:35:42,618
drown in 10 feet of water.
729
00:35:42,749 --> 00:35:44,838
So be aware of how
much air you got
730
00:35:44,968 --> 00:35:45,968
remaining in your tank.
731
00:35:46,056 --> 00:35:48,363
Don't take no dive
for granted, okay?
732
00:35:48,494 --> 00:35:50,887
Your life depends
on your skills,
733
00:35:51,018 --> 00:35:53,673
your equipment
and your attitude.
734
00:35:53,803 --> 00:35:55,892
Everybody comprende? - I do.
735
00:35:56,023 --> 00:35:57,372
Si.
736
00:35:57,503 --> 00:35:58,958
All right, let's do it.
Pool's open, let's go.
737
00:35:58,982 --> 00:36:06,982
♪
738
00:36:13,954 --> 00:36:21,954
♪
739
00:36:28,882 --> 00:36:33,843
♪
740
00:36:33,974 --> 00:36:41,024
♪
741
00:36:41,155 --> 00:36:43,723
Very soon, we start to
come across shards of pottery
742
00:36:43,853 --> 00:36:45,551
and a broken bottle,
743
00:36:45,681 --> 00:36:47,137
little clues
that we hope will lead us
744
00:36:47,161 --> 00:36:48,510
to something much bigger.
745
00:36:48,641 --> 00:36:56,641
♪
746
00:37:03,264 --> 00:37:06,659
Amazingly, Anderson swims
right into a cluster of cannons.
747
00:37:06,789 --> 00:37:08,791
It's exactly
the kind of evidence
748
00:37:08,922 --> 00:37:10,967
we've been searching for.
749
00:37:11,098 --> 00:37:13,579
The more I saw,
the more there were.
750
00:37:13,709 --> 00:37:15,276
So that was amazing.
751
00:37:15,407 --> 00:37:17,800
They're beside each other,
they're across each other.
752
00:37:17,931 --> 00:37:20,542
♪
753
00:37:20,673 --> 00:37:23,110
There are some cannons
that just looked like coral.
754
00:37:23,241 --> 00:37:25,591
They were so heavily encrusted,
the ocean's taking it back.
755
00:37:25,721 --> 00:37:27,506
♪
756
00:37:27,636 --> 00:37:29,551
But we know distinctively
that they're cannons.
757
00:37:29,682 --> 00:37:31,553
You can see the bore
on some of them.
758
00:37:31,684 --> 00:37:32,989
Some of the bores
are covered up.
759
00:37:33,120 --> 00:37:35,731
♪
760
00:37:35,862 --> 00:37:38,212
Cannons can give us
a lot of information.
761
00:37:38,343 --> 00:37:40,606
We saw about eight,
10, maybe 12.
762
00:37:40,736 --> 00:37:42,651
But if there's more,
it could tell us
763
00:37:42,782 --> 00:37:44,523
the size of the vessel.
764
00:37:44,653 --> 00:37:46,089
We know the size
of "The Fredericus"
765
00:37:46,220 --> 00:37:47,874
and "The Christianus"
766
00:37:48,004 --> 00:37:49,658
so, that would be
very insightful.
767
00:37:49,789 --> 00:37:52,270
The cannons were amazing,
768
00:37:52,400 --> 00:37:54,707
but there were still
more surprises to come.
769
00:37:54,837 --> 00:37:56,274
♪
770
00:37:56,404 --> 00:37:59,189
Even with 300 years of
coral growth,
771
00:37:59,320 --> 00:38:02,062
there was no mistaking
the shape of our next discovery:
772
00:38:02,192 --> 00:38:06,066
A fully intact anchor.
773
00:38:06,196 --> 00:38:09,635
The shape of the anchor,
it's about three, four meters.
774
00:38:09,765 --> 00:38:11,071
Come from a very large ship
775
00:38:11,201 --> 00:38:13,073
just based on the size
of that anchor.
776
00:38:13,203 --> 00:38:15,510
Two floats are there.
777
00:38:15,641 --> 00:38:17,730
Each one is about a foot wide
778
00:38:17,860 --> 00:38:20,472
and maybe another
foot and a half long.
779
00:38:20,602 --> 00:38:22,038
So in beautiful shape.
780
00:38:22,169 --> 00:38:24,171
There's some incredible stuff.
781
00:38:24,302 --> 00:38:26,173
Some more evidence that
we can put in the mix
782
00:38:26,304 --> 00:38:28,915
and try to figure out
what's going on at the site.
783
00:38:29,045 --> 00:38:31,526
♪
784
00:38:31,657 --> 00:38:33,136
The first time I saw the anchor,
785
00:38:33,267 --> 00:38:34,964
for me is amazing.
786
00:38:35,095 --> 00:38:37,358
I asked my grandfather
and my grandmother
787
00:38:37,489 --> 00:38:41,144
and they both say yes,
I had an African ancestors,
788
00:38:41,275 --> 00:38:43,930
and they both had
like connecting histories
789
00:38:44,060 --> 00:38:46,106
with slaves.
790
00:38:46,236 --> 00:38:48,761
To know that makes me feel that
791
00:38:48,891 --> 00:38:50,086
I'm more connected
to my history.
792
00:38:50,110 --> 00:38:52,591
♪
793
00:38:52,721 --> 00:38:54,027
It's not in the history books.
794
00:38:54,157 --> 00:38:56,072
It's not in the documents.
795
00:38:56,203 --> 00:38:58,292
And if they find it themselves,
796
00:38:58,423 --> 00:39:00,338
they begin asking
the right questions.
797
00:39:00,468 --> 00:39:04,994
And the right question is,
where do I come from?
798
00:39:05,125 --> 00:39:08,911
What has that meant in the life
of me and my community?
799
00:39:09,042 --> 00:39:13,525
♪
800
00:39:13,655 --> 00:39:14,676
Clearly the pieces of the puzzle
801
00:39:14,700 --> 00:39:16,789
are falling into place.
802
00:39:16,919 --> 00:39:19,835
But going off of what
Andreas has said,
803
00:39:19,966 --> 00:39:21,968
we're continuing to follow
the yellow brick road.
804
00:39:22,098 --> 00:39:30,098
♪
805
00:39:33,936 --> 00:39:36,243
Jekyll Island,
Georgia, like Africatown,
806
00:39:36,374 --> 00:39:39,028
is where one of the very last
slave ships arrived,
807
00:39:39,159 --> 00:39:42,205
bringing 409 people here
808
00:39:42,336 --> 00:39:44,860
just seven years before
the end of the Civil War.
809
00:39:44,991 --> 00:39:46,819
♪
810
00:39:46,949 --> 00:39:49,082
Matthew Raiford studied
at some of the finest
811
00:39:49,212 --> 00:39:51,084
international
schools of cuisine,
812
00:39:51,214 --> 00:39:55,175
but he's returned here to honor
the cuisine and culture
813
00:39:55,305 --> 00:39:58,178
that was created
by his ancestors.
814
00:39:58,308 --> 00:40:00,308
[MATTHEW] Going to school,
I would say things like,
815
00:40:00,398 --> 00:40:03,313
"Well, there's another way
to do that right there."
816
00:40:03,444 --> 00:40:04,793
And folks would look at me like,
817
00:40:04,924 --> 00:40:06,075
"what do you mean
it's another way?"
818
00:40:06,099 --> 00:40:07,163
"We're learning French cuisine."
819
00:40:07,187 --> 00:40:08,493
And I was like,
820
00:40:08,623 --> 00:40:09,102
"Well, my grandmother
would do it like this."
821
00:40:09,232 --> 00:40:10,886
Grandma's food tasted better.
822
00:40:11,017 --> 00:40:12,255
And my grandma
food tasted better, right?
823
00:40:12,279 --> 00:40:14,324
Raiford's come back
to his family farm
824
00:40:14,455 --> 00:40:17,284
as an activist, farmer and chef,
825
00:40:17,415 --> 00:40:21,288
celebrating African American
culture through food.
826
00:40:21,419 --> 00:40:24,334
We live on our own family farm.
827
00:40:24,465 --> 00:40:28,034
We've had that land since 1874
and we've always farmed it.
828
00:40:28,164 --> 00:40:30,123
We're still farming it now.
829
00:40:30,253 --> 00:40:33,909
And we're still using a lot
of the old ways to farm.
830
00:40:34,040 --> 00:40:35,880
So I'm doing a little quick
little cooking demo
831
00:40:35,998 --> 00:40:38,305
off of things that
we grow on the farm,
832
00:40:38,436 --> 00:40:40,873
and then things that comes from
the Gullah Geechee culture.
833
00:40:41,003 --> 00:40:44,180
♪
834
00:40:44,311 --> 00:40:46,879
Gullah Geechee culture
is an African culture
835
00:40:47,009 --> 00:40:48,924
that took root
on the sea islands,
836
00:40:49,055 --> 00:40:51,187
along the Atlantic
coast of Georgia,
837
00:40:51,318 --> 00:40:54,190
Florida, North
and South Carolina.
838
00:40:54,321 --> 00:40:57,890
See, during the Civil War,
the white plantation owners
839
00:40:58,020 --> 00:41:01,850
fled in fear of former slaves
seeking revenge.
840
00:41:01,981 --> 00:41:04,070
I mean, the African population
left on its own.
841
00:41:04,200 --> 00:41:05,854
It had to hone
its survival skills.
842
00:41:05,985 --> 00:41:11,730
♪
843
00:41:11,860 --> 00:41:13,906
How do you make a living when A,
844
00:41:14,036 --> 00:41:15,156
you don't have an education,
845
00:41:15,255 --> 00:41:17,257
you're stuck
on a barrier Island?
846
00:41:17,387 --> 00:41:19,128
A lot of them mined
what they learned
847
00:41:19,259 --> 00:41:21,740
and what they saw here
848
00:41:21,870 --> 00:41:23,326
and figured out a way
to make it work.
849
00:41:23,350 --> 00:41:25,352
- Did they?
- They did.
850
00:41:25,483 --> 00:41:28,094
I'm living proof that they did,
851
00:41:28,224 --> 00:41:30,096
and they did
a good job of it too.
852
00:41:30,226 --> 00:41:32,794
So when they were
crossing the Atlantic,
853
00:41:32,925 --> 00:41:36,189
when they were
shipping their cargo,
854
00:41:36,319 --> 00:41:38,234
people, human beings,
855
00:41:38,365 --> 00:41:40,323
those human beings
came with their culture?
856
00:41:40,454 --> 00:41:43,109
Absolutely.
We brought our ways with us.
857
00:41:43,239 --> 00:41:44,399
We brought our foods with us.
858
00:41:44,502 --> 00:41:49,724
We bought our use of spices,
of salts, of cookery.
859
00:41:49,855 --> 00:41:52,118
So when I think
about American food,
860
00:41:52,248 --> 00:41:55,295
I think about
the African influences
861
00:41:55,425 --> 00:41:58,211
on what comes to our plate,
but also in what we grow.
862
00:41:58,341 --> 00:42:00,300
So a lot of what I thought
is Southern cooking
863
00:42:00,430 --> 00:42:02,258
is really Gullah cooking:
864
00:42:02,389 --> 00:42:05,044
A cuisine made up
of many ingredients
865
00:42:05,174 --> 00:42:06,654
that Africans brought here,
866
00:42:06,785 --> 00:42:08,134
including rice,
867
00:42:08,264 --> 00:42:11,093
sweet peas and okra.
868
00:42:11,224 --> 00:42:13,139
I just threw in a little
bit of red pepper in,
869
00:42:13,269 --> 00:42:14,923
I want that red pepper
to still have
870
00:42:15,054 --> 00:42:16,316
a little bit of bite to it.
871
00:42:16,446 --> 00:42:18,797
So that's why I put it
in a little bit later.
872
00:42:18,927 --> 00:42:21,364
You've been cooking
longer than that.
873
00:42:21,495 --> 00:42:23,802
Well, I'm 76 years old.
874
00:42:23,932 --> 00:42:25,455
I've been cooking
since I was eight.
875
00:42:25,586 --> 00:42:26,979
- So.
- My mother and father,
876
00:42:27,109 --> 00:42:28,217
they taught us
how to cook everything.
877
00:42:28,241 --> 00:42:30,243
Is that where Matthew gets it?
878
00:42:30,373 --> 00:42:32,158
Well, let me tell you
that boy right there,
879
00:42:32,288 --> 00:42:33,986
he's a good cook.
880
00:42:34,116 --> 00:42:35,920
I got to give him credit.
He is better than me.
881
00:42:35,944 --> 00:42:37,337
I hate to say it.
882
00:42:37,467 --> 00:42:39,513
Do you remember
a favorite dish from your mom?
883
00:42:39,644 --> 00:42:41,994
You know, you ever eat
fried chicken gizzards?
884
00:42:42,124 --> 00:42:44,997
Not fried chicken gizzards, no.
885
00:42:45,127 --> 00:42:46,967
Yeah, people used to throw
them away years ago.
886
00:42:46,999 --> 00:42:48,324
My mother used to
go to slaughterhouse,
887
00:42:48,348 --> 00:42:49,958
they'd give them to her.
888
00:42:50,089 --> 00:42:51,449
She bring them home,
clean them up.
889
00:42:51,569 --> 00:42:53,179
- Was it good?
- Oh, yeah.
890
00:42:53,309 --> 00:42:55,703
Put a little pepper
and salt in there.
891
00:42:55,834 --> 00:42:57,096
I do it today.
892
00:42:57,226 --> 00:43:05,226
♪
893
00:43:06,366 --> 00:43:08,411
So this is our vegetarian
paella right here.
894
00:43:08,542 --> 00:43:10,196
Have a little bit of
sweet potato leaves,
895
00:43:10,326 --> 00:43:12,241
some of the Cherokee
purple tomatoes,
896
00:43:12,372 --> 00:43:14,287
some sea island red peas.
897
00:43:14,417 --> 00:43:18,334
Then, for those that aren't
completely vegetarian,
898
00:43:18,465 --> 00:43:21,120
we have Sapelo clams.
899
00:43:21,250 --> 00:43:24,471
Charlie Phillips
actually harvests
900
00:43:24,602 --> 00:43:25,951
these clams right here.
901
00:43:26,081 --> 00:43:27,648
He's an amazing fisherman.
902
00:43:27,779 --> 00:43:30,042
You can actually name
the fisherman who got the clams.
903
00:43:30,172 --> 00:43:31,391
Yes, I can name the fisherman.
904
00:43:31,521 --> 00:43:33,480
I actually can
name the fisherman.
905
00:43:33,611 --> 00:43:38,050
Those traditions came with us
to bring a piece of home.
906
00:43:38,180 --> 00:43:41,836
We were known to sew,
literally braid,
907
00:43:41,967 --> 00:43:43,403
and bring seeds in our hair.
908
00:43:43,533 --> 00:43:46,014
It looked like an ornament.
It won't look like a seed.
909
00:43:46,145 --> 00:43:47,426
So when I bring it over,
I got seed,
910
00:43:47,450 --> 00:43:49,235
I got something from home.
911
00:43:49,365 --> 00:43:50,976
When I get to
my new destination,
912
00:43:51,106 --> 00:43:54,240
I plant in my new home to bring
a piece of home with me.
913
00:43:54,370 --> 00:43:56,982
Every time I eat it,
I still remember home.
914
00:43:57,112 --> 00:44:00,159
I still remember when my mama
used to make it for me
915
00:44:00,289 --> 00:44:03,249
and my mama's mama
made it for her.
916
00:44:03,379 --> 00:44:06,121
When I think of your ancestor...
- Mm-hmm.
917
00:44:06,252 --> 00:44:09,734
That was kidnapped,
trafficked from Africa,
918
00:44:09,864 --> 00:44:13,868
the odds that his great-great-
great-great-great-grandchild...
919
00:44:13,999 --> 00:44:15,522
- Mm-hmm - would be here
920
00:44:15,653 --> 00:44:18,481
celebrating the culture that
came on that ship.
921
00:44:18,612 --> 00:44:19,918
It's a miracle.
922
00:44:20,048 --> 00:44:21,223
It is a miracle.
923
00:44:21,354 --> 00:44:23,965
It's impacted
on the world around you.
924
00:44:24,096 --> 00:44:25,271
Definitely.
925
00:44:25,401 --> 00:44:27,273
There's not a city
in the United States
926
00:44:27,403 --> 00:44:28,927
that is not trying to have
927
00:44:29,057 --> 00:44:30,377
the best Southern
restaurant ever.
928
00:44:30,493 --> 00:44:31,843
And what are they serving?
929
00:44:31,973 --> 00:44:33,583
Rice and peas, you know.
930
00:44:33,714 --> 00:44:35,074
They're making biscuits,
cornbread,
931
00:44:35,194 --> 00:44:37,239
they're frying gizzards, right?
932
00:44:37,370 --> 00:44:39,391
So it was like, think about all
of those that things
933
00:44:39,415 --> 00:44:41,287
have been considered
for so many years
934
00:44:41,417 --> 00:44:44,507
to be poor people or slave food,
935
00:44:44,638 --> 00:44:47,423
right now,
everyone wants to celebrate it.
936
00:44:47,554 --> 00:44:52,690
♪
937
00:44:52,820 --> 00:44:55,214
I've come to Kingston,
Jamaica's capital city
938
00:44:55,344 --> 00:44:57,216
to explore the connection
939
00:44:57,346 --> 00:44:59,653
between this island's
history of enslavement
940
00:44:59,784 --> 00:45:03,439
and one of its
greatest exports, reggae.
941
00:45:03,570 --> 00:45:11,570
[Jamaican Patois singing ]
942
00:45:18,541 --> 00:45:25,984
[Jamaican Patois singing ]
943
00:45:26,114 --> 00:45:29,117
I was born here in Jamaica.
944
00:45:29,248 --> 00:45:32,555
Right. I have history, ancestry
945
00:45:32,686 --> 00:45:37,343
of a slaved trip, right?
946
00:45:37,473 --> 00:45:41,303
And the ones who survived,
came here on this rock
947
00:45:41,434 --> 00:45:45,220
and I am a product
of their survival.
948
00:45:45,351 --> 00:45:49,572
There is something
that's innate in our people.
949
00:45:49,703 --> 00:45:53,228
When we come together
we can defeat any oppression.
950
00:45:53,359 --> 00:45:56,231
♪
951
00:45:56,362 --> 00:45:58,625
It's what left of the culture
or the practice,
952
00:45:58,756 --> 00:46:02,281
the traditions that
they are coming across.
953
00:46:02,411 --> 00:46:06,502
We as a people, we just
have to pass it on to our arts.
954
00:46:06,633 --> 00:46:12,247
♪
955
00:46:12,378 --> 00:46:15,337
Reggae has gone
to all parts of the world
956
00:46:15,468 --> 00:46:17,078
inspiring people,
957
00:46:17,209 --> 00:46:19,167
because of the very soul
of the music,
958
00:46:19,298 --> 00:46:23,606
and that soul has to do with
an entire history of hardship,
959
00:46:23,737 --> 00:46:26,871
of oppression,
of rebellion, of enslavement.
960
00:46:27,001 --> 00:46:29,438
♪
961
00:46:29,569 --> 00:46:31,614
Life on the plantation
was about this oppression
962
00:46:31,745 --> 00:46:33,181
of Black life.
963
00:46:33,312 --> 00:46:36,184
The culture around
the plantation life
964
00:46:36,315 --> 00:46:38,360
gets translated into what became
965
00:46:38,491 --> 00:46:40,362
Jamaica's indigenous
musical genres.
966
00:46:40,493 --> 00:46:42,582
♪
967
00:46:42,712 --> 00:46:45,628
By the time we get to the 1930s,
968
00:46:45,759 --> 00:46:50,111
people began listening
to Marcus Garvey's philosophy.
969
00:46:50,242 --> 00:46:52,287
♪ Please help me,
970
00:46:52,418 --> 00:46:55,116
♪ Freedom Fighter
Marcus Messiah Garvey ♪
971
00:46:55,247 --> 00:46:57,162
♪ Africa awaits her creators ♪
972
00:46:57,292 --> 00:46:58,859
♪ Bill with me!
973
00:46:58,990 --> 00:47:01,862
♪ How many more need to die
before we see the strategy? ♪
974
00:47:01,993 --> 00:47:03,385
♪
975
00:47:03,516 --> 00:47:05,474
Marcus Garvey with his ideas
976
00:47:05,605 --> 00:47:09,348
about returning masses
of people to Africa:
977
00:47:09,478 --> 00:47:12,046
That of course gets crystallized
978
00:47:12,177 --> 00:47:13,482
in the Rastafari movement.
979
00:47:13,613 --> 00:47:15,615
And they're the ones
that develop reggae?
980
00:47:15,745 --> 00:47:17,356
That's right.
981
00:47:17,486 --> 00:47:19,619
Many of the lyrics in reggae
songs still talk about
982
00:47:19,749 --> 00:47:22,578
the history of slavery,
about returning to Africa,
983
00:47:22,709 --> 00:47:26,321
about undoing the chains
of mental slavery.
984
00:47:26,452 --> 00:47:27,690
Do you think that
this is a music form
985
00:47:27,714 --> 00:47:29,150
that's keeping
that history alive
986
00:47:29,281 --> 00:47:32,023
in the minds of Jamaicans
and the world?
987
00:47:32,153 --> 00:47:35,287
The Rastafari people
988
00:47:35,417 --> 00:47:38,638
are the memory
of the Jamaican people.
989
00:47:38,768 --> 00:47:40,640
They have been the
ones to consistently
990
00:47:40,770 --> 00:47:43,556
dip into that history
to show us who we are,
991
00:47:43,686 --> 00:47:44,925
show us where we're coming from
992
00:47:44,949 --> 00:47:46,602
and also showing us
where we're going.
993
00:47:46,733 --> 00:47:49,301
♪
994
00:47:49,431 --> 00:47:51,129
♪ We need a shepherd
for the sheep, ♪
995
00:47:51,259 --> 00:47:52,652
♪ we're gonna lead the flock. ♪
996
00:47:52,782 --> 00:47:55,263
♪ Wolves and leopards
get defeat ♪
997
00:47:55,394 --> 00:47:56,743
♪ with these slingshots.
998
00:47:56,874 --> 00:48:00,616
♪ [indistinct singing]
999
00:48:00,747 --> 00:48:04,229
♪ United States of Africa,
I like the sound of that. ♪
1000
00:48:04,359 --> 00:48:06,231
♪ Organized and centralized
1001
00:48:06,361 --> 00:48:08,973
♪ modern day slavery
1002
00:48:09,103 --> 00:48:13,238
[singing]
1003
00:48:13,368 --> 00:48:16,023
♪ Modern day slave
1004
00:48:16,154 --> 00:48:18,243
♪
1005
00:48:18,373 --> 00:48:21,333
♪ Modern day slave
1006
00:48:21,463 --> 00:48:26,599
♪
1007
00:48:26,729 --> 00:48:28,775
The cannons and the anchor
are important clues.
1008
00:48:28,906 --> 00:48:31,343
But to identify those Danish
ships once and for all,
1009
00:48:31,473 --> 00:48:33,606
we need to find yellow bricks,
1010
00:48:33,736 --> 00:48:35,347
a lot of them.
1011
00:48:35,477 --> 00:48:37,392
So we're heading
back out to search again.
1012
00:48:37,523 --> 00:48:39,525
♪
1013
00:48:39,655 --> 00:48:42,180
We have the opportunity
to be with these kids
1014
00:48:42,310 --> 00:48:44,312
and to help them
find their roots.
1015
00:48:44,443 --> 00:48:45,681
And that is absolutely
incredible.
1016
00:48:45,705 --> 00:48:53,705
♪
1017
00:48:57,760 --> 00:49:00,763
It's a huge search area,
1018
00:49:00,894 --> 00:49:03,723
but the location
of the cannons and the anchor
1019
00:49:03,853 --> 00:49:06,334
gives us hope that we're
on the right track.
1020
00:49:06,465 --> 00:49:10,469
Those bricks have got to be
hidden out here somewhere.
1021
00:49:27,051 --> 00:49:29,401
Through the sea grass
and shifting sands,
1022
00:49:29,531 --> 00:49:30,726
Kevin felt sure
he spotted something.
1023
00:49:30,750 --> 00:49:38,750
♪
1024
00:49:44,242 --> 00:49:52,242
♪
1025
00:49:59,213 --> 00:50:00,388
♪
1026
00:50:00,519 --> 00:50:01,975
At first glance,
it was hard to notice
1027
00:50:01,999 --> 00:50:03,802
if there was anything different
about the spot at all.
1028
00:50:03,826 --> 00:50:06,655
♪
1029
00:50:06,786 --> 00:50:13,662
But when we looked closer,
there was a strange pattern.
1030
00:50:13,793 --> 00:50:16,491
In that moment,
you realize that this cold case
1031
00:50:16,622 --> 00:50:18,754
that has been lying
on the bottom of the ocean
1032
00:50:18,885 --> 00:50:21,670
for hundreds of years
is now right in front
1033
00:50:21,801 --> 00:50:23,629
of you about to be solved
and you're there.
1034
00:50:23,759 --> 00:50:27,154
To see that,
to be in that moment,
1035
00:50:27,285 --> 00:50:30,201
that's a historical moment.
1036
00:50:30,331 --> 00:50:31,680
This huge hill of seabed
1037
00:50:31,811 --> 00:50:34,248
is actually
a huge pile of bricks.
1038
00:50:34,379 --> 00:50:37,034
According to the ship's
manifest,
1039
00:50:37,164 --> 00:50:39,427
there should be
40,000 of them down here.
1040
00:50:39,558 --> 00:50:47,558
♪
1041
00:50:49,437 --> 00:50:50,893
Andreas has been able
to get permission
1042
00:50:50,917 --> 00:50:53,093
to bring up one
of the bricks for testing.
1043
00:50:53,224 --> 00:51:01,224
♪
1044
00:51:07,455 --> 00:51:09,544
I have it. Got it here.
1045
00:51:09,675 --> 00:51:11,503
♪
1046
00:51:11,633 --> 00:51:12,678
Whoo.
1047
00:51:12,808 --> 00:51:14,462
- Oh, my God.
- Whoo.
1048
00:51:14,593 --> 00:51:16,334
So now they have an opportunity
1049
00:51:16,464 --> 00:51:19,293
to rediscover
their ties to their past
1050
00:51:19,424 --> 00:51:21,730
and rediscover their contact
1051
00:51:21,861 --> 00:51:24,211
or the connection
to the enslaved Africans
1052
00:51:24,342 --> 00:51:25,212
who were here.
1053
00:51:25,343 --> 00:51:27,388
[all cheering]
1054
00:51:27,519 --> 00:51:32,263
♪
1055
00:51:32,393 --> 00:51:33,393
This is about Cahuita.
1056
00:51:33,438 --> 00:51:34,719
This is about
the people of Cahuita.
1057
00:51:34,743 --> 00:51:35,875
This is about the bravery.
1058
00:51:36,005 --> 00:51:37,616
This is about
the people who are here
1059
00:51:37,746 --> 00:51:40,227
to find out the truth about
exactly who they are as a people
1060
00:51:40,358 --> 00:51:42,534
and where they came from
1061
00:51:42,664 --> 00:51:44,492
and how Africans
were very much a part
1062
00:51:44,623 --> 00:51:45,643
of creating this community.
1063
00:51:45,667 --> 00:51:47,626
♪
1064
00:51:47,650 --> 00:51:49,650
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