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Divorced, beheaded, died.
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Divorced, beheaded, survived.
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The story of Henry VIII and his six wives
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is one of the best known in history.
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There's Catherine of Aragon, the
bitter, abandoned first wife.
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Anne Boleyn, the original other woman.
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Jane Seymour, bit of a doormat.
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Then we've got Anne of Cleves
-- she was the ugly one.
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Catherine Howard, the
one who slept around.
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And Kathryn Parr, the saintly nurse.
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But I'm going to tell you
a very different story.
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I'm going to take you back in
time and into the private lives
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of Henry's six wives.
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I'm going to see the story
from their point of view,
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and I'll watch as events unfold.
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The fate of my soul is
no longer your concern.
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It will always be my concern.
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These events all really happened,
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and were recorded in historical documents
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or reported by eyewitnesses.
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I asked for his head.
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Not his coat.
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They reveal six complex women
who lived in a dangerous age
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as they struggled to survive
being married to Henry VIII.
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I beg of you to tell the King that
my heart is filled with sorrow,
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and assure him of my repentance.
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Six wives, whose names were tarnished
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by Henry's propaganda machine.
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Six queens whose stories
I want to re-examine.
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Is she here?
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I'll observe their life at court.
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And I'll watch them romanced
by a charismatic king.
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- Tell me you're the same?
- Always.
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This is the ultimate true story
of love, loss and betrayal.
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Remember what happened
to my last wife and queen.
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Henry VIII's first wife,
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warrior queen Catherine of Aragon,
gave the king a daughter, Mary,
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but she failed to give him a son and heir.
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She has suffered a loss of the child.
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Get out!
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After 24 years of marriage she
was cast aside for the clever
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and sophisticated Anne Boleyn.
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And, to marry her, Henry turned his
back on the Roman Catholic Church.
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You, sir, face eternal damnation.
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You cannot defy the church in this way.
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Anne disappointed Henry by giving
him another daughter, Elizabeth.
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Surely I deserve your respect, my Lord?
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Worse still, she proved too
challenging for the King,
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so he had his second wife executed.
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All this, for so little a neck.
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- Your Majesty.
- Madam.
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His third Queen, Jane
Seymour, always dutiful,
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succeeded where Catherine
and Anne failed him --
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she delivered Henry a boy, Edward.
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- He is thriving?
- Very much so.
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But within 12 days, she was dead.
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Lord God, why must you punish me this way?
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Henry VIII is now 48 years old.
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A visitor has arrived
from Germany to see him.
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They've never met, so Henry's
decided to play one of
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his favourite tricks, disguising
himself as the rogue Robin Hood.
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Shh.
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My lady, welcome.
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I trust you find your new
residence to be more than adequate?
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It's New Year's Day 1540,
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and Henry VIII has just introduced
himself to his fourth wife,
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Anne of Cleves.
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So why was Henry getting married to
somebody he'd never even met before?
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00:05:04,400 --> 00:05:07,470
This time he was slightly pushed into it.
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00:05:07,520 --> 00:05:11,870
After Jane Seymour's death,
Henry's heart was broken.
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He also now had his son and heir, Edward.
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He could afford to relax
and take his time.
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But Henry's advisers had other ideas --
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they thought it was time for a new queen.
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Politically, Henry was isolated.
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00:05:31,120 --> 00:05:34,430
By breaking from Rome and making
himself head of his own church,
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he'd made powerful enemies.
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00:05:36,800 --> 00:05:40,630
But there were other leaders
in Europe who also rejected
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the authority of the Pope.
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A strategic marriage could be
just the thing to protect Henry
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and a like-minded ally against
any possible retribution.
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The problem was that Henry didn't
have that great a reputation
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as a potential husband.
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After all, he was now three wives down,
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and each time it had ended badly.
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00:06:02,960 --> 00:06:05,630
In fact, one prospective bride said, yes,
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she would have married Henry
VIII, if she had two heads!
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The once-handsome King was now obese,
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00:06:14,520 --> 00:06:16,990
and looked older than his age.
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00:06:17,040 --> 00:06:20,990
The legacy of his passion for
jousting was an ulcerous wound
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on his leg that refused to heal.
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Henry's advisors scoured Europe
searching for a noble family
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willing to provide a bride.
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The hunt took two whole years, but
finally, in 1539, somebody said yes.
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Henry's fourth wife would be a
German noblewoman called Anne.
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She lived in the town of
Cleve in western Germany.
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This is the famous Anne of Cleves cake,
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still baked here in honour of Anne.
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Although she's still famous in Germany,
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English history has dismissed
Anne as Henry's ugly wife.
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Famously, she's known
as the Flanders Mare.
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00:07:14,800 --> 00:07:17,830
But there was more to Anne than her looks.
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A gift for diplomacy and an instinct
for survival probably make her
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the most successful of all Henry's wives.
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She was raised and educated
here, at the Castle Schwanenburg.
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She was the daughter
of the Duke of Cleves,
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a powerful, noble family.
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And like Henry himself,
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the Duke of Cleves had rejected
the authority of the Pope.
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Anne fitted the bill.
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With the bit of reluctance, Henry
did agree to consider Anne of Cleves
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as a bride. But first of all he
wanted to know what she looked like.
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Was she going to be
attractive enough for him?
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So he sent his top painter, Hans Holbein,
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00:08:04,880 --> 00:08:07,350
over to Cleves to do a portrait.
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And this picture, combined
with favourable reports
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from Henry's advisers, made up his mind.
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Yes, he was going to marry her.
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And so, without even meeting the
King, Anne set off for England
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to marry him.
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Anne was 24 years old.
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She'd never been outside Germany before,
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and she didn't speak any English.
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It must all have been pretty daunting.
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But she did have the good
sense to learn what she could
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from her English escort about
what her new life would be like.
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After all, she must have
known what had happened
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to her three predecessors.
She would have been anxious
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to avoid making the same mistakes.
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Anne made sure to have dinner
with her travelling companions,
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because she needed to know
what happened when Englishmen
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were sitting at their meat.
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00:09:06,200 --> 00:09:09,670
She needed to get up to speed
really quickly with the etiquette
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00:09:09,720 --> 00:09:11,860
of being a Tudor Queen.
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It took over a month for Anne
and her entourage to reach
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the shores of England. When
they arrived in Rochester,
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they were instructed to rest up and wait.
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There was just one vital
thing her German advisers
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had forgotten to brief Anne about.
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An Englishman's sense of humour.
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My lady, welcome.
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I...
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Something wrong, madam?
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The King?
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00:10:25,080 --> 00:10:28,350
My Lord, what do you
think of the Lady Anne?
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00:10:28,400 --> 00:10:30,670
Do you really need to ask?
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I put it to you this way.
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She's not the lady I was expecting.
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Anne's advisers had let her down badly.
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00:10:43,280 --> 00:10:46,590
They might have taught her about
the finer points of dining,
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but they'd neglected the essentials
of English courtly romance.
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They should have warned Anne
that Henry loved to dress up,
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to disguise himself and
then to surprise people.
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By failing to recognise him,
Anne caused grave offence.
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And Henry now turned against her,
claiming to find her unattractive.
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The conventional story is
that Henry blamed Holbein
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for having painted an
overly-flattering portrait of Anne.
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But there are first-hand accounts
of Anne being very attractive,
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even beautiful.
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Whatever the rights and
wrongs of the situation,
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this has to be history's
most awkward blind date.
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Their next meeting took place
a few days later at Blackheath,
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up on the hill behind Greenwich.
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This was a formal reception for Anne,
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then they rode down the hill to
the Tudor palace of Greenwich,
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long since rebuilt.
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As they rode they wore golden robes.
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There was a great procession,
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crowds of spectators -- they must
have looked like a golden couple.
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But all was not as it seemed.
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Behind the scenes, Henry was
desperately trying to wiggle out
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of the wedding. But he
quickly discovered that
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the marriage contract had been a
complex diplomatic negotiation.
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Anne's family back in Cleves weren't
going to let him off the hook
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that easily.
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And, in any case, was it wise?
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He needed them as allies
against his enemies.
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There was nothing for it --
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he was just going to have to marry Anne.
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Henry is on his way to Anne's
bedchamber for the first time.
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The wedding night ritual
is about to begin.
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Bless, oh Lord, this marriage
bed, and those in it.
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Watch over your servants as they sleep,
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protecting them from all demonic dreams
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and grant that they live in your love
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and multiply and grow old
together in length of days.
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Heavenly Father, hear this prayer.
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Poor Anne.
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And the really awful thing
is that everybody knows
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that it's not working
out in the bedchamber.
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00:14:32,480 --> 00:14:37,110
Courtiers literally listen in to
hear if the deed's being done.
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In the morning, they'll check
the sheets for evidence.
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If the marriage isn't
consummated, it's not legal.
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00:14:49,320 --> 00:14:52,630
The very public nature of
this ritual means that word
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00:14:52,680 --> 00:14:55,630
starts flying around court immediately.
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00:14:55,680 --> 00:15:00,270
Everybody wants to know, "Why
hasn't the King sealed the deal
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00:15:00,320 --> 00:15:02,320
"with his new Queen?"
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My theory is that Henry
just couldn't manage it.
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00:15:10,040 --> 00:15:12,950
After all, he was getting
older, and fatter,
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and was quite possibly impotent.
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But Henry couldn't allow
anybody to think this,
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00:15:17,920 --> 00:15:20,990
it would undermine his masculine image.
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00:15:21,040 --> 00:15:22,910
So he took action.
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00:15:22,960 --> 00:15:26,030
He got his physician, Dr William Butts,
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to spread it around the court
that the problem must be with Anne.
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00:15:30,280 --> 00:15:33,350
"The King," Dr Butts said,
"was absolutely fine.
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00:15:33,400 --> 00:15:37,190
"He was well able to do
the deed with other women,
208
00:15:37,240 --> 00:15:42,190
"and he was still experiencing
nocturnal pollutions."
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They are what we would call wet dreams.
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00:15:45,520 --> 00:15:49,590
Henry kept up the pretence
of visiting Anne's bedchamber,
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00:15:49,640 --> 00:15:53,340
but nothing was happening
there apart from sleeping.
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00:15:54,440 --> 00:15:58,190
By now malicious rumours were being
deliberately spread around the court
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00:15:58,240 --> 00:16:00,150
about what had gone wrong.
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00:16:00,200 --> 00:16:03,790
Some people said that
Anne hadn't been a virgin.
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00:16:03,840 --> 00:16:07,590
Others that, on the contrary,
she didn't know what sex was.
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00:16:07,640 --> 00:16:11,270
Then again, maybe her body
had disgusted the King.
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00:16:11,320 --> 00:16:14,760
No-one dared suggest it might
have been Henry's fault.
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00:16:15,880 --> 00:16:19,710
Because Anne's English isn't
great, she's in a poor position
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00:16:19,760 --> 00:16:22,350
to defend herself against this gossip.
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00:16:22,400 --> 00:16:25,070
But Anne is nobody's fool.
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00:16:25,120 --> 00:16:27,870
She might not understand
everything that's going on,
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00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:32,670
but she can clearly see that
her husband's eye is wandering.
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00:16:32,720 --> 00:16:34,950
She's in a dangerous position,
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and she knows it.
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00:16:48,400 --> 00:16:52,430
Henry and Anne have been
married for just a few months,
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and already the King is
infatuated with someone else.
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00:16:56,760 --> 00:17:00,510
- If I may... - A teenager,
recently arrived at court.
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Her name is Catherine Howard.
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00:17:10,000 --> 00:17:11,630
Madam, this is an outrage.
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00:17:11,680 --> 00:17:14,640
Ambassador Harst, this is King Henry.
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00:17:15,720 --> 00:17:17,710
You suspect he is...
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00:17:17,760 --> 00:17:18,990
involved with this woman?
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00:17:19,040 --> 00:17:20,510
A tight grip on the shaft...
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00:17:20,560 --> 00:17:24,270
The King is a very sociable man.
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00:17:24,320 --> 00:17:25,790
Is he not?
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00:17:27,080 --> 00:17:29,420
And it does not grieve you?
237
00:17:32,880 --> 00:17:34,880
Pull back, pull back.
238
00:17:35,280 --> 00:17:36,750
Very good.
239
00:18:01,720 --> 00:18:03,660
Bit more, bit more.
240
00:18:20,760 --> 00:18:22,760
Pull back, pull back.
241
00:18:24,080 --> 00:18:26,640
Yes! Oh, yes!
242
00:18:37,600 --> 00:18:42,310
For Anne of Cleves, the arrival of
Catherine Howard was very bad news.
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00:18:42,360 --> 00:18:44,350
Her fears were well-founded.
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00:18:44,400 --> 00:18:46,190
In June 1540,
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00:18:46,240 --> 00:18:49,710
just six months after she'd
arrived in England, Anne of Cleves
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00:18:49,760 --> 00:18:51,830
was sent away from court.
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00:18:51,880 --> 00:18:54,590
She was told to go and live
at the Palace of Richmond,
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00:18:54,640 --> 00:18:58,320
under the not very convincing excuse
that the weather was better there.
249
00:19:01,080 --> 00:19:03,070
Henry wanted her out of the way
250
00:19:03,120 --> 00:19:06,060
so that he could marry Catherine Howard.
251
00:19:09,320 --> 00:19:12,950
Given Henry's past record, I think
Anne must have been quite worried
252
00:19:13,000 --> 00:19:15,590
about what might happen to her next.
253
00:19:15,640 --> 00:19:19,310
But she knew that if he treated
her too harshly there might be
254
00:19:19,360 --> 00:19:22,070
an international incident
involving Cleves.
255
00:19:22,120 --> 00:19:25,190
She also knew that Henry
couldn't really afford that,
256
00:19:25,240 --> 00:19:27,790
so she held out for a settlement.
257
00:19:27,840 --> 00:19:30,390
In the end, Henry offered her a deal --
258
00:19:30,440 --> 00:19:34,510
in return for going away quietly
Anne would get a special title --
259
00:19:34,560 --> 00:19:37,310
she'd become known as the King's Sister.
260
00:19:37,360 --> 00:19:41,310
But here's the good bit -- she'd
also get two palaces to live in,
261
00:19:41,360 --> 00:19:45,230
a huge entourage of
servants, and loads of money.
262
00:19:45,280 --> 00:19:48,590
Anne thought about it, and she said yes.
263
00:19:48,640 --> 00:19:51,750
She sent back her wedding
ring with a request
264
00:19:51,800 --> 00:19:54,270
that it be broken into pieces.
265
00:20:02,240 --> 00:20:05,030
The King paid Anne off handsomely.
266
00:20:05,080 --> 00:20:08,550
Her entourage and her
wardrobe continued to grow,
267
00:20:08,600 --> 00:20:11,150
and so did her property portfolio.
268
00:20:11,200 --> 00:20:15,990
Henry even gave her Hever Castle,
a family home of Anne Boleyn.
269
00:20:16,040 --> 00:20:17,870
She never remarried,
270
00:20:17,920 --> 00:20:21,400
but Anne did become one of
the richest women in England.
271
00:20:25,880 --> 00:20:28,430
Anne outlived all the
rest of Henry's wives,
272
00:20:28,480 --> 00:20:30,590
and Henry himself.
273
00:20:30,640 --> 00:20:34,190
When she finally died in
1557, at the age of 41,
274
00:20:34,240 --> 00:20:37,990
she was given a rather
grand final resting place.
275
00:20:38,040 --> 00:20:41,790
It's here, in Westminster Abbey in London,
276
00:20:41,840 --> 00:20:44,840
and she's buried right by the High Altar.
277
00:20:49,200 --> 00:20:54,750
I think it's a fitting tribute
to a brave and canny Queen,
278
00:20:54,800 --> 00:20:56,350
who at the age of 24 took on
279
00:20:56,400 --> 00:20:59,400
the powerful forces of the Tudor court...
280
00:21:01,040 --> 00:21:02,580
.. and won.
281
00:21:24,360 --> 00:21:27,870
Since he'd made himself head of his
own church, there'd been no-one
282
00:21:27,920 --> 00:21:31,360
to stop Henry ending his
marriage to Anne of Cleves...
283
00:21:33,440 --> 00:21:38,070
.. leaving him free to marry teenage
lady-in-waiting Catherine Howard.
284
00:21:38,120 --> 00:21:40,860
She would be the King's fifth Queen.
285
00:21:43,160 --> 00:21:47,150
Henry married Catherine just
two weeks after the ending
286
00:21:47,200 --> 00:21:49,630
of his marriage with Anne of Cleves.
287
00:21:49,680 --> 00:21:53,270
Marriage to Catherine seemed
to take ten years off his age.
288
00:21:53,320 --> 00:21:56,470
Under her influence he even lost weight.
289
00:21:56,520 --> 00:21:59,070
He was visibly infatuated with her.
290
00:21:59,120 --> 00:22:04,150
One eyewitness said that, "He's so
amorous of her that he caresses her
291
00:22:04,200 --> 00:22:06,350
"more than he did the others."
292
00:22:06,400 --> 00:22:10,270
Now, if we saw a middle-aged man
acting up like that with a teenager
293
00:22:10,320 --> 00:22:13,430
we'd think, "Wow, that's
really inappropriate."
294
00:22:13,480 --> 00:22:17,230
But in the 16th century it
was perfectly acceptable,
295
00:22:17,280 --> 00:22:20,150
especially if you were King Henry VIII.
296
00:22:24,160 --> 00:22:27,590
So why did Henry get
married for the fifth time?
297
00:22:27,640 --> 00:22:30,630
After all, he now had his
son and heir, Edward --
298
00:22:30,680 --> 00:22:33,630
he could have just kept
Catherine for his mistress.
299
00:22:33,680 --> 00:22:36,910
But don't forget, he only
had the crown himself
300
00:22:36,960 --> 00:22:39,990
because of the death of his older brother.
301
00:22:40,040 --> 00:22:43,430
He knew better than anybody
that you need two boys,
302
00:22:43,480 --> 00:22:45,620
the heir and the spare.
303
00:22:46,480 --> 00:22:50,070
So I think he probably looked
at Catherine and thought,
304
00:22:50,120 --> 00:22:53,790
"Hmm, she looks nice
and young and fertile.
305
00:22:53,840 --> 00:22:56,840
"Perhaps she's the mother of another boy."
306
00:22:59,560 --> 00:23:02,710
No-one knows exactly when
Catherine was born --
307
00:23:02,760 --> 00:23:06,510
she could have been as young
as 15 when she married Henry,
308
00:23:06,560 --> 00:23:10,510
and she is remembered as
the Queen who slept around.
309
00:23:10,560 --> 00:23:15,400
But I think that hers is a much
darker and more tragic story.
310
00:23:21,480 --> 00:23:25,350
Catherine has been married
to the King for just a year.
311
00:23:25,400 --> 00:23:28,920
She's on her way to
meet one of his advisers.
312
00:23:43,720 --> 00:23:45,270
I thought you were one of the King's men.
313
00:23:45,320 --> 00:23:48,760
I am. His Majesty's most
loyal and faithful servant.
314
00:23:49,920 --> 00:23:51,190
We are in such danger.
315
00:23:51,240 --> 00:23:53,550
- This is madness.
- Are you alone?
316
00:23:53,600 --> 00:23:55,400
Then we are safe.
317
00:23:55,920 --> 00:23:58,030
I am the King's wife, we are never safe.
318
00:23:58,080 --> 00:24:00,680
My lady, we have no time to lose.
319
00:24:02,520 --> 00:24:05,150
Every second with the King is
spent thinking of our next meeting.
320
00:24:05,200 --> 00:24:07,430
Why, he cannot please you the way I do?
321
00:24:07,480 --> 00:24:09,950
If the rumours are true he
cannot please you at all.
322
00:24:10,000 --> 00:24:11,910
Don't talk like that.
323
00:24:11,960 --> 00:24:14,030
My heart dies when we're apart.
324
00:24:14,080 --> 00:24:15,750
- Tell me you're the same.
- Of course.
325
00:24:15,800 --> 00:24:19,200
- But if we're caught?
- We will not be caught.
326
00:24:19,960 --> 00:24:22,070
Madam, if you wish to end this...
327
00:24:22,120 --> 00:24:24,920
- No!
- Then place your trust in me.
328
00:25:01,760 --> 00:25:05,470
Catherine's secret lover
is courtier Thomas Culpeper,
329
00:25:05,520 --> 00:25:07,680
a notorious womaniser.
330
00:25:19,720 --> 00:25:23,230
One of Catherine and Thomas
Culpeper's assignations
331
00:25:23,280 --> 00:25:26,750
took place here at Lincoln Castle.
332
00:25:26,800 --> 00:25:30,870
This is from a letter that Catherine
wrote to Thomas Culpeper --
333
00:25:30,920 --> 00:25:33,430
it's quite steamy stuff.
334
00:25:33,480 --> 00:25:36,190
"When I think," she says,
335
00:25:36,240 --> 00:25:42,750
"that you shall depart from me
again it makes my heart to die.
336
00:25:42,800 --> 00:25:49,190
"To think what fortune I have that I
cannot be always in your company."
337
00:25:49,240 --> 00:25:51,030
And she signs it off,
338
00:25:51,080 --> 00:25:54,360
"Yours, as long as life endures."
339
00:26:01,000 --> 00:26:05,270
So why did Catherine risk an affair
with Thomas Culpeper when she knew
340
00:26:05,320 --> 00:26:08,310
exactly how lethal Henry could be?
341
00:26:08,360 --> 00:26:11,430
After all, she was a
cousin of Anne Boleyn,
342
00:26:11,480 --> 00:26:17,230
who'd been accused of adultery,
and consequently lost her head.
343
00:26:17,280 --> 00:26:19,590
There are lots of different theories here.
344
00:26:19,640 --> 00:26:23,390
Some people think that Catherine
was just a silly little slut,
345
00:26:23,440 --> 00:26:26,910
others that she really
was in love with him.
346
00:26:26,960 --> 00:26:28,350
I don't believe either.
347
00:26:28,400 --> 00:26:32,590
I believe that Thomas
Culpeper was a sexual predator,
348
00:26:32,640 --> 00:26:33,950
that he was pressurising,
349
00:26:34,000 --> 00:26:37,630
almost forcing a vulnerable
young woman into having
350
00:26:37,680 --> 00:26:40,150
a sexual relationship with him.
351
00:26:41,400 --> 00:26:44,590
Thomas Culpeper had a terrible reputation.
352
00:26:44,640 --> 00:26:48,310
He'd been accused of
raping a park-keeper's wife,
353
00:26:48,360 --> 00:26:51,390
and murdering a villager
who tried to stop him.
354
00:26:51,440 --> 00:26:54,110
But he'd been pardoned by the King.
355
00:26:55,480 --> 00:26:59,710
It is true that the letter contains
some pretty effusive phrases,
356
00:26:59,760 --> 00:27:02,750
when she talks about
her heart dying for him,
357
00:27:02,800 --> 00:27:06,670
or how she will be his
as long as life endures.
358
00:27:06,720 --> 00:27:09,750
But you can read it as placatory.
359
00:27:09,800 --> 00:27:14,430
Maybe she was telling him what he
wanted to hear to keep him quiet.
360
00:27:14,480 --> 00:27:17,800
After all, Thomas Culpeper
was a dangerous man.
361
00:27:20,000 --> 00:27:23,030
Catherine met him again three weeks later,
362
00:27:23,080 --> 00:27:25,470
but this time they were noticed.
363
00:27:25,520 --> 00:27:29,360
And gossip about the Queen began
to swirl around the court.
364
00:27:40,320 --> 00:27:45,750
On the 2nd of November
1541, All Souls' Day,
365
00:27:45,800 --> 00:27:49,030
a letter was left for the King
to find in the Chapel Royal
366
00:27:49,080 --> 00:27:51,310
at Hampton Court.
367
00:27:51,360 --> 00:27:54,950
It contained some quite
extraordinary allegations.
368
00:27:55,000 --> 00:27:58,710
It said that when his wife
Catherine had been growing up
369
00:27:58,760 --> 00:28:02,870
she'd had sex with a cousin of
hers called Francis Dereham,
370
00:28:02,920 --> 00:28:06,590
and also with a man called Henry Manox,
371
00:28:06,640 --> 00:28:08,910
who was her music teacher.
372
00:28:10,600 --> 00:28:13,390
When Henry read the
letter he was sceptical,
373
00:28:13,440 --> 00:28:15,980
but he ordered an investigation.
374
00:28:16,920 --> 00:28:20,880
And the investigation led
back to Catherine's childhood.
375
00:28:23,080 --> 00:28:25,430
Her mother died when she was young.
376
00:28:25,480 --> 00:28:29,630
Aged ten, Catherine was sent to
live with her step-grandmother,
377
00:28:29,680 --> 00:28:31,750
the dowager Duchess of Norfolk,
378
00:28:31,800 --> 00:28:36,230
who ran a sort of boarding school
for young ladies destined for court
379
00:28:36,280 --> 00:28:38,420
here at Chesworth Manor.
380
00:28:39,400 --> 00:28:41,670
She wasn't given much
of a formal education,
381
00:28:41,720 --> 00:28:43,790
though she did get music lessons.
382
00:28:43,840 --> 00:28:47,030
She was meant to pick up a
bit of polish from being part
383
00:28:47,080 --> 00:28:49,080
of a large household.
384
00:28:51,400 --> 00:28:54,110
Catherine and the other girls
slept in a dormitory called
385
00:28:54,160 --> 00:28:56,160
the Maidens' Chamber.
386
00:28:57,080 --> 00:29:00,870
It was supposed to be locked
up at night to keep them safe,
387
00:29:00,920 --> 00:29:04,390
but the arrangements in this
household were a bit lax.
388
00:29:04,440 --> 00:29:08,150
The Duchess can be said to
have failed in her duty of care
389
00:29:08,200 --> 00:29:12,310
towards these girls, because
certain men of the household
390
00:29:12,360 --> 00:29:14,900
knew how to get hold of the key.
391
00:29:18,560 --> 00:29:21,150
When Catherine's family
connections took her to court,
392
00:29:21,200 --> 00:29:22,790
none of this was mentioned.
393
00:29:22,840 --> 00:29:26,350
And of course, it would have
been dangerous to talk about it
394
00:29:26,400 --> 00:29:28,540
once she was the Queen.
395
00:29:37,200 --> 00:29:41,950
After just 15 months as Queen,
Catherine is to be interrogated
396
00:29:42,000 --> 00:29:46,680
about her past by the Archbishop
of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer.
397
00:29:50,840 --> 00:29:54,000
You must speak nothing
but the truth, my child.
398
00:29:56,800 --> 00:29:58,630
Be calm.
399
00:29:58,680 --> 00:30:00,420
Take your time.
400
00:30:01,000 --> 00:30:03,480
We are here in God's company.
401
00:30:04,480 --> 00:30:06,280
There is no rush.
402
00:30:09,640 --> 00:30:11,440
Francis Dereham.
403
00:30:15,480 --> 00:30:17,620
You know this man well?
404
00:30:18,920 --> 00:30:20,590
Knew him, sir.
405
00:30:21,760 --> 00:30:24,230
It was many years ago,
and I've not seen nor...
406
00:30:24,280 --> 00:30:29,640
Please, just simply explain
your involvement with him.
407
00:30:33,080 --> 00:30:34,620
Long ago...
408
00:30:35,440 --> 00:30:37,910
.. before I met the King,
409
00:30:37,960 --> 00:30:40,830
there was the possibility that
Francis Dereham and I would marry.
410
00:30:40,880 --> 00:30:42,220
Indeed.
411
00:30:42,880 --> 00:30:47,750
There is talk that you referred to
one another as husband and wife.
412
00:30:47,800 --> 00:30:49,630
Not by law.
413
00:30:49,680 --> 00:30:51,820
Not in the eyes of God.
414
00:30:52,320 --> 00:30:55,420
The King has been my
true and only husband.
415
00:30:55,880 --> 00:30:58,200
Did you lie with Dereham?
416
00:31:02,080 --> 00:31:03,680
Yes, my lord.
417
00:31:05,240 --> 00:31:07,070
I must be truthful.
418
00:31:07,120 --> 00:31:08,590
You must.
419
00:31:10,920 --> 00:31:13,060
Have there been others?
420
00:31:13,520 --> 00:31:16,260
Before the King, apart from Dereham?
421
00:31:17,800 --> 00:31:19,740
Henry Manox perhaps?
422
00:31:20,240 --> 00:31:21,580
Please.
423
00:31:23,320 --> 00:31:24,990
Sit back down.
424
00:31:30,240 --> 00:31:33,230
Have you anything to say about this man?
425
00:31:33,280 --> 00:31:36,220
The choice to lie with him was not mine.
426
00:31:37,280 --> 00:31:38,950
I was a child.
427
00:31:39,480 --> 00:31:41,480
Yet, still...
428
00:31:43,640 --> 00:31:46,880
.. the accusations are not without weight?
429
00:31:51,320 --> 00:31:52,920
They are not.
430
00:31:55,120 --> 00:31:56,910
I see.
431
00:31:56,960 --> 00:31:58,390
Please, my lord,
432
00:31:58,440 --> 00:32:01,870
I beg of you to tell the King that
my heart is filled with sorrow,
433
00:32:01,920 --> 00:32:04,390
and assure him of my repentance.
434
00:32:04,440 --> 00:32:07,800
The fear of death is not
as bad as this, my lord.
435
00:32:20,520 --> 00:32:24,150
Henry Manox had been her music teacher.
436
00:32:24,200 --> 00:32:25,750
And her cousin, Francis Dereham,
437
00:32:25,800 --> 00:32:28,990
he'd been one of those
men with access to the key
438
00:32:29,040 --> 00:32:31,150
to the Maidens' Chamber.
439
00:32:31,200 --> 00:32:35,310
These two men had taken
advantage of Catherine,
440
00:32:35,360 --> 00:32:38,390
and that's why it's so unfair
that historians have called her
441
00:32:38,440 --> 00:32:43,360
a goodtime girl. Today, we'd
call her an abused child.
442
00:32:46,640 --> 00:32:51,030
Henry Manox and Francis
Dereham were arrested and sent
443
00:32:51,080 --> 00:32:53,220
to the Tower of London.
444
00:32:54,240 --> 00:32:57,440
They were interrogated
by the Archbishop's men.
445
00:32:59,880 --> 00:33:04,630
And quite possibly, under torture,
Catherine's cousin Francis Dereham
446
00:33:04,680 --> 00:33:07,350
admitted that he had had sex with her,
447
00:33:07,400 --> 00:33:10,990
he'd lain with her several times.
448
00:33:11,040 --> 00:33:14,150
This was a detail that
was corroborated by ladies
449
00:33:14,200 --> 00:33:17,190
from Catherine's grandmother's household.
450
00:33:17,240 --> 00:33:20,430
What Cranmer and the King's
advisers wanted to know next was,
451
00:33:20,480 --> 00:33:25,710
had the affair continued, even
after Catherine had become Queen?
452
00:33:25,760 --> 00:33:29,390
No, said Francis Dereham, absolutely not.
453
00:33:29,440 --> 00:33:32,430
But that was only because
she'd dumped him.
454
00:33:32,480 --> 00:33:36,710
He'd been replaced in Catherine's
affections by somebody else --
455
00:33:36,760 --> 00:33:38,560
Thomas Culpeper.
456
00:33:40,440 --> 00:33:44,550
Culpeper, the serial seducer,
had pressurised this vulnerable
457
00:33:44,600 --> 00:33:47,750
and abused girl into committing adultery.
458
00:33:47,800 --> 00:33:50,910
He denied the affair,
but he wasn't believed.
459
00:33:50,960 --> 00:33:54,150
Catherine's love letter to him was found.
460
00:33:54,200 --> 00:33:56,340
This sealed their fate.
461
00:34:10,640 --> 00:34:12,670
Henry was devastated.
462
00:34:12,720 --> 00:34:16,550
But, as always, he gave his
orders, and then he slipped away.
463
00:34:16,600 --> 00:34:19,790
Kings don't have to have
difficult conversations.
464
00:34:19,840 --> 00:34:23,230
He left Hampton Court,
said he was going hunting,
465
00:34:23,280 --> 00:34:25,950
and Catherine never saw him again.
466
00:34:27,080 --> 00:34:31,110
For several days she was
left alone at the Palace.
467
00:34:31,160 --> 00:34:35,240
The King's absence must have told
her that something was wrong.
468
00:34:36,280 --> 00:34:39,510
So cheerful and sociable in normal times,
469
00:34:39,560 --> 00:34:42,860
Catherine wasn't in the
mood for merry-making.
470
00:34:43,680 --> 00:34:47,030
When musicians came to the
Palace to play for the Queen
471
00:34:47,080 --> 00:34:50,470
they were sent away again.
The exact words of the order,
472
00:34:50,520 --> 00:34:52,990
and this is really poignant, were,
473
00:34:53,040 --> 00:34:56,000
"Now is not the time for dancing."
474
00:35:01,760 --> 00:35:04,300
Finally, Catherine was arrested.
475
00:35:13,800 --> 00:35:17,070
Meanwhile, Thomas Culpeper
and Francis Dereham
476
00:35:17,120 --> 00:35:20,670
were tried for treason and found guilty.
477
00:35:20,720 --> 00:35:23,910
Somehow Catherine's music
teacher Henry Manox managed
478
00:35:23,960 --> 00:35:27,510
to get away with it, but the
other two were less lucky.
479
00:35:27,560 --> 00:35:30,470
Francis Dereham was hung,
drawn and quartered,
480
00:35:30,520 --> 00:35:33,830
and Thomas Culpeper,
as his social superior,
481
00:35:33,880 --> 00:35:37,000
was given the rather more
elegant death of beheading.
482
00:35:39,400 --> 00:35:43,470
The heads of the men who'd abused
Catherine ended up on spikes
483
00:35:43,520 --> 00:35:46,110
on London Bridge.
484
00:35:46,160 --> 00:35:49,710
When the teenage Queen was
taken to the Tower of London,
485
00:35:49,760 --> 00:35:52,700
she would have seen their rotting heads.
486
00:35:59,640 --> 00:36:02,960
It's the 12th of February, 1542.
487
00:36:04,640 --> 00:36:07,750
Catherine has also been
convicted of treason,
488
00:36:07,800 --> 00:36:10,600
and is sentenced to die by beheading.
489
00:36:38,520 --> 00:36:41,640
It is a much more ordinary
thing than I had imagined.
490
00:36:53,240 --> 00:36:54,310
No, my lady.
491
00:36:54,360 --> 00:36:56,630
Please, move away from me.
492
00:37:26,440 --> 00:37:28,980
I shall surrender myself to God.
493
00:37:54,520 --> 00:37:57,950
The next day, Catherine was
brought to the scaffold
494
00:37:58,000 --> 00:38:00,470
erected on this spot.
495
00:38:00,520 --> 00:38:03,710
Her last words were extremely penitent.
496
00:38:03,760 --> 00:38:07,830
She spoke about her just
and worthy punishment.
497
00:38:07,880 --> 00:38:12,390
She said that she'd offended God
heinously ever since her youth,
498
00:38:12,440 --> 00:38:16,550
and she prayed for the preservation
of her husband the King.
499
00:38:16,600 --> 00:38:20,150
Then she knelt down exactly
as she'd practised,
500
00:38:20,200 --> 00:38:24,600
and her head was removed with
a single blow of the axe.
501
00:38:51,600 --> 00:38:55,190
After the breakdown of his fifth
marriage, it took Henry a whole year
502
00:38:55,240 --> 00:38:59,230
to recover. The Spanish
ambassador reported that,
503
00:38:59,280 --> 00:39:02,750
"He certainly shows
more sorrow at her loss
504
00:39:02,800 --> 00:39:05,910
"than at the loss of his previous wives."
505
00:39:05,960 --> 00:39:10,350
Henry was now old and ill and tired.
506
00:39:10,400 --> 00:39:13,110
Why not just remain a widower?
507
00:39:13,160 --> 00:39:15,230
But it simply didn't suit him.
508
00:39:15,280 --> 00:39:17,990
He craved female company.
509
00:39:18,040 --> 00:39:20,840
It was time for yet another new wife.
510
00:39:24,960 --> 00:39:28,910
Henry's sixth Queen would be Kathryn Parr.
511
00:39:28,960 --> 00:39:33,630
She may have a reputation for
being the dullest of them all,
512
00:39:33,680 --> 00:39:37,000
but the real woman is
altogether more intriguing.
513
00:39:38,360 --> 00:39:41,590
Kathryn had already got
through two husbands.
514
00:39:41,640 --> 00:39:45,950
She was twice a widow, but
she was a very merry one.
515
00:39:46,000 --> 00:39:47,870
She was witty, and pretty.
516
00:39:47,920 --> 00:39:50,270
She loved music and dancing.
517
00:39:50,320 --> 00:39:54,070
Although she came from a northern
family, she'd grown up in London --
518
00:39:54,120 --> 00:39:57,320
her family's townhouse
was here in Blackfriars.
519
00:39:58,320 --> 00:40:00,230
Kathryn was already involved
520
00:40:00,280 --> 00:40:02,950
with one of the court's
most eligible bachelors,
521
00:40:03,000 --> 00:40:05,870
Jane Seymour's older brother, Thomas.
522
00:40:05,920 --> 00:40:09,520
But when Henry's eye fell
on her, she couldn't say no.
523
00:40:12,040 --> 00:40:17,390
Henry was now 52, pretty
old for Tudor times.
524
00:40:17,440 --> 00:40:19,390
He had his heir, Edward,
525
00:40:19,440 --> 00:40:22,680
and he may still have been
holding out hope for a second son.
526
00:40:24,360 --> 00:40:26,830
But his health was deteriorating.
527
00:40:26,880 --> 00:40:31,350
He could no longer walk without help
because of the ulcers on his legs.
528
00:40:31,400 --> 00:40:35,430
So the 30-year-old Kathryn would
be more companion than lover,
529
00:40:35,480 --> 00:40:38,220
and a mother figure to his children.
530
00:40:39,600 --> 00:40:43,390
Henry must have been attracted
to her warm personality,
531
00:40:43,440 --> 00:40:46,470
her sense of humour,
maybe her intelligence.
532
00:40:46,520 --> 00:40:49,350
She was definitely the
most intellectually curious
533
00:40:49,400 --> 00:40:50,830
of all of his wives.
534
00:40:50,880 --> 00:40:55,030
She was one of those people who
just can't stop reading books.
535
00:40:55,080 --> 00:40:59,350
Their marriage was a small affair,
there were only 20 people present,
536
00:40:59,400 --> 00:41:02,430
but they included Henry's
daughters Mary and Elizabeth.
537
00:41:02,480 --> 00:41:07,560
It took place in July 1543,
here at Hampton Court.
538
00:41:11,400 --> 00:41:14,240
What was Kathryn herself thinking?
539
00:41:15,400 --> 00:41:19,630
Well, we do know that she had
hoped to marry somebody else.
540
00:41:19,680 --> 00:41:23,240
But also, she had a very
highly developed sense of duty.
541
00:41:24,600 --> 00:41:27,110
And her duty was to God.
542
00:41:27,160 --> 00:41:30,460
She had her own reasons
for marrying the King.
543
00:41:39,880 --> 00:41:42,630
It's wedding night number six for Henry,
544
00:41:42,680 --> 00:41:46,150
and he's waiting for
his new Queen to arrive.
545
00:41:46,200 --> 00:41:49,190
- My Lord.
- Oh, sweet lady.
546
00:41:49,240 --> 00:41:51,980
- There you are.
- Always, my Lord.
547
00:42:06,080 --> 00:42:07,820
Gently, sister.
548
00:42:13,720 --> 00:42:15,190
Leave us.
549
00:42:20,520 --> 00:42:21,990
Thank you.
550
00:42:27,520 --> 00:42:31,190
It's just over a year after
Catherine Howard's execution,
551
00:42:31,240 --> 00:42:34,240
and Henry is delighted with his new bride.
552
00:42:36,480 --> 00:42:39,430
Kathryn Parr was a model queen.
553
00:42:39,480 --> 00:42:42,230
Henry trusted her to rule in his absence,
554
00:42:42,280 --> 00:42:45,670
as he had done with his
first Catherine, of Aragon.
555
00:42:45,720 --> 00:42:49,470
Today Kathryn Parr has
rather a dowdy, nursey image.
556
00:42:49,520 --> 00:42:52,590
This isn't fair -- she was
actually rather glamorous.
557
00:42:52,640 --> 00:42:56,990
As soon as she got married she spent
a lot of money on sumptuous clothes
558
00:42:57,040 --> 00:42:58,190
in bright colours.
559
00:42:58,240 --> 00:43:01,110
She bought satin for her nightgowns.
560
00:43:01,160 --> 00:43:04,630
Kathryn Parr's stepdaughter,
the Princess Elizabeth,
561
00:43:04,680 --> 00:43:08,830
spent a lot of time watching
and learning from her about
562
00:43:08,880 --> 00:43:13,510
how to be a queen. Yes, in matters
of image, but also intellectually,
563
00:43:13,560 --> 00:43:16,870
Kathryn Parr was a real role model.
564
00:43:16,920 --> 00:43:20,710
There was only one problem with
this picture of a happy family --
565
00:43:20,760 --> 00:43:23,030
Kathryn's religious views.
566
00:43:26,280 --> 00:43:30,470
England was still settling in to
a new religious order as a result
567
00:43:30,520 --> 00:43:32,860
of Henry's split from Rome.
568
00:43:35,240 --> 00:43:39,230
He'd made himself head of his new
church in England, but in his own
569
00:43:39,280 --> 00:43:44,150
personal religious beliefs, Henry
was surprisingly old school.
570
00:43:44,200 --> 00:43:45,510
It's funny, isn't it?
571
00:43:45,560 --> 00:43:49,830
Because we think of him as having
broken with Rome, but in his heart,
572
00:43:49,880 --> 00:43:52,430
Henry remained a Catholic.
573
00:43:52,480 --> 00:43:55,870
But there was a revolutionary
new religion in England,
574
00:43:55,920 --> 00:43:59,870
it was growing in popularity, it
would end up as Protestantism.
575
00:43:59,920 --> 00:44:03,310
And Henry's new wife
Kathryn Parr was a believer.
576
00:44:03,360 --> 00:44:07,230
Now, Protestants thought that
the Bible ought to be published
577
00:44:07,280 --> 00:44:10,310
in English, not Latin,
that preaching ought to be
578
00:44:10,360 --> 00:44:13,590
done in English so that
people could understand it.
579
00:44:13,640 --> 00:44:16,870
Not surprisingly, this
was proving pretty popular
580
00:44:16,920 --> 00:44:18,990
with Henry's subjects.
581
00:44:19,760 --> 00:44:21,270
But not with Henry.
582
00:44:21,320 --> 00:44:24,390
He was quite horrified by
the thought of people having
583
00:44:24,440 --> 00:44:29,230
direct access to the Bible. He
complained about this in Parliament.
584
00:44:29,280 --> 00:44:33,310
He said that this most precious
jewel, the word of God,
585
00:44:33,360 --> 00:44:38,950
was now being disputed,
rhymed, sung and jangled
586
00:44:39,000 --> 00:44:41,670
in taverns and alehouses.
587
00:44:41,720 --> 00:44:45,150
And one person who was doing
more jangling than anyone else
588
00:44:45,200 --> 00:44:47,870
was Henry's own wife, Kathryn Parr.
589
00:44:52,040 --> 00:44:55,270
Kathryn was an out and out evangelist.
590
00:44:55,320 --> 00:44:58,830
She believed that God had
chosen her to marry Henry,
591
00:44:58,880 --> 00:45:02,590
just so she could spread the
good news about the new religion.
592
00:45:02,640 --> 00:45:06,910
She even published a book -- it
was called Prayers Or Meditations.
593
00:45:06,960 --> 00:45:08,710
This was unprecedented --
594
00:45:08,760 --> 00:45:12,510
it was the first book to be
published in English by a woman,
595
00:45:12,560 --> 00:45:15,560
let alone queen, and it was a bestseller.
596
00:45:17,240 --> 00:45:20,150
Now, Henry wasn't particularly
bothered that she'd done this.
597
00:45:20,200 --> 00:45:23,110
He thought that it was a nice
little hobby for her to have,
598
00:45:23,160 --> 00:45:25,360
that it was woman's work.
599
00:45:25,760 --> 00:45:29,230
But it did raise eyebrows
in conservative circles
600
00:45:29,280 --> 00:45:30,710
close to the King.
601
00:45:30,760 --> 00:45:33,990
What Kathryn had done was,
technically, illegal --
602
00:45:34,040 --> 00:45:37,630
women weren't supposed
to preach the Word of God.
603
00:45:37,680 --> 00:45:41,310
And it would turn out that Kathryn
wasn't the only female in the family
604
00:45:41,360 --> 00:45:44,920
with these potentially
subversive religious views.
605
00:45:49,440 --> 00:45:52,870
The 12-year-old Princess
Elizabeth is intelligent,
606
00:45:52,920 --> 00:45:56,240
devout and fluent in five languages.
607
00:45:58,280 --> 00:46:02,190
To Elizabeth it seems perfectly
natural that she should start
608
00:46:02,240 --> 00:46:06,030
translating religious works,
just like her stepmother does.
609
00:46:06,080 --> 00:46:08,950
It's New Year's Day 1546,
610
00:46:09,000 --> 00:46:11,950
and Elizabeth has decided
to give her father
611
00:46:12,000 --> 00:46:13,910
a home-made New Year's gift.
612
00:46:13,960 --> 00:46:17,060
It's a translation that
she's done herself.
613
00:46:19,960 --> 00:46:21,910
A gift from Elizabeth,
614
00:46:21,960 --> 00:46:24,550
made by her own fair hand.
615
00:46:24,600 --> 00:46:26,310
Happy New Year, Your Majesty.
616
00:46:26,360 --> 00:46:28,830
And what a precious gift it is.
617
00:46:30,320 --> 00:46:31,460
Oh!
618
00:46:45,080 --> 00:46:47,190
Do you recognise it, my Lord?
619
00:46:47,240 --> 00:46:48,870
The Queen's book, sire.
620
00:46:48,920 --> 00:46:51,060
Prayers Or Meditations.
621
00:46:57,480 --> 00:46:59,550
You seem unhappy, sire.
622
00:46:59,600 --> 00:47:03,000
And you cannot possibly
guess why that might be?
623
00:47:05,320 --> 00:47:08,430
This is heresy.
624
00:47:08,480 --> 00:47:11,030
The Word of God defiled.
625
00:47:11,080 --> 00:47:14,710
It is a gift, made with
love by your daughter.
626
00:47:14,760 --> 00:47:16,360
MY daughter.
627
00:47:19,680 --> 00:47:22,190
Were you aware that Elizabeth
had committed herself to this,
628
00:47:22,240 --> 00:47:23,350
in spite of my beliefs?
629
00:47:23,400 --> 00:47:24,630
Sire, if I may say so,
630
00:47:24,680 --> 00:47:27,750
I see no reason why a difference
of opinion on this matter
631
00:47:27,800 --> 00:47:29,750
should cause such upset between us.
632
00:47:29,800 --> 00:47:31,750
You see no reason?
633
00:47:31,800 --> 00:47:34,550
To deliberately provoke and insult me,
634
00:47:34,600 --> 00:47:37,270
and impose your faith on my child?
635
00:47:40,160 --> 00:47:42,430
The fault is mine, Father.
636
00:47:42,560 --> 00:47:45,230
Forgive me if I have offended you.
637
00:47:45,840 --> 00:47:49,200
I am thankful for your efforts, child.
638
00:47:50,320 --> 00:47:53,240
Of course, YOU are forgiven.
639
00:48:05,360 --> 00:48:07,950
So Kathryn is spreading the new religion
640
00:48:08,000 --> 00:48:10,790
through her impressionable stepdaughter.
641
00:48:10,840 --> 00:48:14,110
But on top of that, her
work is also being read
642
00:48:14,160 --> 00:48:16,150
throughout the royal household,
643
00:48:16,200 --> 00:48:18,000
by her friends...
644
00:48:18,800 --> 00:48:20,740
.. and her enemies.
645
00:48:27,640 --> 00:48:31,230
There was a faction at court
plotting against Kathryn.
646
00:48:31,280 --> 00:48:35,110
They were conservatives,
supporters of the old religion.
647
00:48:35,160 --> 00:48:38,070
They were worried about
her reforming tendencies,
648
00:48:38,120 --> 00:48:41,160
and her growing influence
on the elderly King.
649
00:48:42,960 --> 00:48:45,910
They whispered in Henry's
ear and exploited
650
00:48:45,960 --> 00:48:48,310
his impatience with his wife.
651
00:48:48,360 --> 00:48:51,390
The Queen was getting too
powerful, they warned.
652
00:48:51,440 --> 00:48:54,070
She was a Protestant, a heretic.
653
00:48:54,120 --> 00:48:56,590
She must be burnt at the stake.
654
00:48:57,040 --> 00:48:59,910
But Kathryn was one step ahead of them.
655
00:49:08,560 --> 00:49:10,550
Take these and destroy
them as soon as possible.
656
00:49:10,600 --> 00:49:11,830
My lady, that's sacrilege.
657
00:49:11,880 --> 00:49:14,030
Would you rather be destroyed yourself?
658
00:49:14,080 --> 00:49:17,390
Please, let us not suffer the
pain of death for our convictions.
659
00:49:17,440 --> 00:49:20,310
As ever, place your trust in God.
660
00:49:28,200 --> 00:49:29,670
Do not let fear consume you.
661
00:49:29,720 --> 00:49:31,030
Go about your business as usual,
662
00:49:31,080 --> 00:49:34,480
but speak not a single
word of this to anybody.
663
00:49:35,880 --> 00:49:38,110
Take comfort in the Lord.
664
00:49:38,160 --> 00:49:39,830
It shall pass.
665
00:49:49,600 --> 00:49:52,630
Kathryn knows how much danger she's in,
666
00:49:52,680 --> 00:49:54,110
but she doesn't panic.
667
00:49:54,160 --> 00:49:57,230
She and her ladies have acted
quickly and decisively --
668
00:49:57,280 --> 00:50:00,150
they've destroyed their heretical books.
669
00:50:00,200 --> 00:50:03,110
But now Kathryn needs to save herself.
670
00:50:03,160 --> 00:50:05,550
She needs to confront the King.
671
00:50:05,600 --> 00:50:08,990
She's heard that the King's
been persuaded to sign a warrant
672
00:50:09,040 --> 00:50:10,780
for her arrest.
673
00:50:13,760 --> 00:50:17,560
It seems such a time since
we sat together like this.
674
00:50:18,520 --> 00:50:20,630
I have missed your company.
675
00:50:20,680 --> 00:50:23,980
There has been much to
cloud the mood of late.
676
00:50:24,720 --> 00:50:28,080
Please speak freely, sire, I
have nothing to hide from you.
677
00:50:29,600 --> 00:50:31,990
You're fully aware of my concerns.
678
00:50:32,040 --> 00:50:34,630
I feel no need to go over them again.
679
00:50:34,680 --> 00:50:39,910
Indeed, perhaps it is the fact
that you possess no inclination
680
00:50:39,960 --> 00:50:43,870
to hide your opinions from me
that has become the problem.
681
00:50:43,920 --> 00:50:47,630
You wish for a queen who will
remain impassive and obedient
682
00:50:47,680 --> 00:50:50,910
at all times? I shall forever
be obedient, my Lord,
683
00:50:50,960 --> 00:50:53,070
but I cannot be impassive.
684
00:50:53,120 --> 00:50:57,190
It is this which allows me to serve
you to the best of my capabilities.
685
00:50:57,240 --> 00:51:01,110
To vigorously defend
and protect our marriage
686
00:51:01,160 --> 00:51:03,830
by attending to your every need...
687
00:51:04,560 --> 00:51:06,630
.. is my greatest joy.
688
00:51:08,200 --> 00:51:10,340
That is not in question.
689
00:51:11,680 --> 00:51:13,350
The problem...
690
00:51:13,880 --> 00:51:17,150
.. is the articulation
of your new-found belief,
691
00:51:17,200 --> 00:51:19,740
and its contradiction with mine.
692
00:51:22,360 --> 00:51:24,900
Do not forget your place, madam.
693
00:51:25,280 --> 00:51:30,230
If I engage in debate,
694
00:51:30,280 --> 00:51:35,150
it is only so that I may benefit
from your clear instruction,
695
00:51:35,200 --> 00:51:38,680
not because I look to
defy or contradict you.
696
00:51:41,600 --> 00:51:45,680
Forgive me, my lord, your
happiness is above everything else.
697
00:51:47,200 --> 00:51:48,540
Please.
698
00:51:50,280 --> 00:51:52,420
Keep your faith with me.
699
00:52:04,840 --> 00:52:06,550
What is it?
700
00:52:06,600 --> 00:52:10,520
Your Majesty, I have here a warrant
for the arrest of Queen Kathryn.
701
00:52:12,040 --> 00:52:13,990
On what charge?
702
00:52:14,040 --> 00:52:15,840
Heresy, my lord.
703
00:52:31,320 --> 00:52:33,200
You may leave now.
704
00:52:34,320 --> 00:52:36,990
Your Majesty, my instructions are...
705
00:52:37,040 --> 00:52:42,110
Your instructions come from your
King, and I instruct you to leave.
706
00:52:42,160 --> 00:52:43,360
Now.
707
00:52:46,240 --> 00:52:48,180
Get away from here!
708
00:53:06,920 --> 00:53:12,590
So Kathryn has succeeded where all
Henry's previous wives have failed.
709
00:53:12,640 --> 00:53:16,230
She's been to the brink
of disaster, but somehow,
710
00:53:16,280 --> 00:53:19,750
she's managed to soothe his suspicions.
711
00:53:19,800 --> 00:53:22,990
This is partly Kathryn's own
cleverness and good sense,
712
00:53:23,040 --> 00:53:27,550
but it's also because
Henry's old now, and frail.
713
00:53:27,600 --> 00:53:30,550
Kathryn suits him pretty well.
714
00:53:30,600 --> 00:53:33,790
And in his own funny way, he loves her.
715
00:53:33,840 --> 00:53:38,720
He doesn't have the energy now to
go hunting for yet another wife.
716
00:53:51,600 --> 00:53:54,870
Harmony is restored to
the royal household,
717
00:53:54,920 --> 00:53:58,220
and Kathryn wisely keeps
her faith to herself.
718
00:54:00,040 --> 00:54:02,980
But Henry's health is rapidly declining.
719
00:54:04,400 --> 00:54:07,430
He's spending more and more
time apart from Kathryn
720
00:54:07,480 --> 00:54:11,960
and his children, closeted away
with only his most trusted advisers.
721
00:54:13,480 --> 00:54:17,480
It's almost as if he's ashamed
of his impending mortality.
722
00:54:21,920 --> 00:54:28,070
Henry VIII died in the small hours
of the 28th of January, 1547,
723
00:54:28,120 --> 00:54:31,820
and his nine-year-old son,
Edward, was crowned king.
724
00:54:33,040 --> 00:54:37,190
Kathryn was charged with bringing
up the young Princess Elizabeth,
725
00:54:37,240 --> 00:54:40,790
and four months later Kathryn
married Thomas Seymour,
726
00:54:40,840 --> 00:54:44,040
the man she'd been in love
with before she became Queen.
727
00:54:46,720 --> 00:54:48,870
Finally, at the age of 36,
728
00:54:48,920 --> 00:54:51,910
everything came together for Kathryn Parr.
729
00:54:51,960 --> 00:54:53,230
She got pregnant.
730
00:54:53,280 --> 00:54:56,870
She had the life she wanted,
she had the man she wanted.
731
00:54:56,920 --> 00:55:00,030
But then, like so many Tudor women,
732
00:55:00,080 --> 00:55:03,190
it was childbirth that got her in the end.
733
00:55:03,240 --> 00:55:07,560
Her daughter was born, and
a week later Kathryn died.
734
00:55:24,800 --> 00:55:28,230
But that's not the end of the story.
735
00:55:28,280 --> 00:55:32,470
After all the efforts that Henry's
six wives made to give him a son,
736
00:55:32,520 --> 00:55:35,630
young King Edward would
only rule for six years,
737
00:55:35,680 --> 00:55:37,550
and he too died.
738
00:55:37,600 --> 00:55:40,270
And so Henry's daughters became Queen --
739
00:55:40,320 --> 00:55:45,070
Mary, born to Catherine of Aragon,
and Elizabeth, born to Anne Boleyn.
740
00:55:45,120 --> 00:55:49,990
Queen Elizabeth I would
rule England for 44 years,
741
00:55:50,040 --> 00:55:53,760
and you've got to agree that she
was our greatest monarch ever.
742
00:55:56,000 --> 00:56:00,430
Isn't it ironic that
despite the infidelities,
743
00:56:00,480 --> 00:56:04,950
and despite the miscarriages, and
the divorces, and the beheadings,
744
00:56:05,000 --> 00:56:09,110
despite all that drama
that the six queens endured
745
00:56:09,160 --> 00:56:11,710
to try to give Henry a male heir,
746
00:56:11,760 --> 00:56:15,840
that, in the end, the Tudor
dynasty was secured by a woman?
61338
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