Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated:
1
00:00:00,030 --> 00:00:02,040
the Colombian discovery of the Americas
2
00:00:02,040 --> 00:00:04,019
was one of the most important and
3
00:00:04,019 --> 00:00:05,879
revolutionary events in the history of
4
00:00:05,879 --> 00:00:08,910
humanity on a single day October 12 1492
5
00:00:08,910 --> 00:00:11,370
the size of the world doubled and
6
00:00:11,370 --> 00:00:13,290
Christopher Columbus the leader of this
7
00:00:13,290 --> 00:00:15,330
expedition went down in history both
8
00:00:15,330 --> 00:00:17,460
famous and infamous as the man who
9
00:00:17,460 --> 00:00:19,740
discovered America this historic event
10
00:00:19,740 --> 00:00:21,750
should be recognized as the catalyst
11
00:00:21,750 --> 00:00:24,060
which saw our world changed forever for
12
00:00:24,060 --> 00:00:26,340
better or for worse that being said it
13
00:00:26,340 --> 00:00:28,289
may not have been the true first time
14
00:00:28,289 --> 00:00:30,240
humans from the old world sailed across
15
00:00:30,240 --> 00:00:32,130
the ocean and it's actually well known
16
00:00:32,130 --> 00:00:34,350
that Columbus wasn't the first European
17
00:00:34,350 --> 00:00:36,630
to reach the Americas at all the Vikings
18
00:00:36,630 --> 00:00:38,790
had already colonized Iceland and
19
00:00:38,790 --> 00:00:40,890
Greenland roughly a millennium ago by
20
00:00:40,890 --> 00:00:45,149
the Year 950 seee by 999 ze Leif Ericson
21
00:00:45,149 --> 00:00:46,860
is known to have left Norway on his way
22
00:00:46,860 --> 00:00:48,870
to convert Greenland to Christianity and
23
00:00:48,870 --> 00:00:51,059
was blown off-course and as a result
24
00:00:51,059 --> 00:00:53,010
found a new landmass which he eventually
25
00:00:53,010 --> 00:00:55,230
came back to explore making it as far
26
00:00:55,230 --> 00:00:57,390
down as New Brunswick in Canada the
27
00:00:57,390 --> 00:00:58,829
settlements he built here were only
28
00:00:58,829 --> 00:01:00,539
temporary and after trade with the
29
00:01:00,539 --> 00:01:02,430
natives turned up unsuccessful Ericson
30
00:01:02,430 --> 00:01:04,260
returned it to Greenland unaware of the
31
00:01:04,260 --> 00:01:06,360
scope of his discovery evidence for this
32
00:01:06,360 --> 00:01:07,979
voyage include the ruins of Viking
33
00:01:07,979 --> 00:01:09,810
settlements at the lonzell meadows as
34
00:01:09,810 --> 00:01:11,310
well as historical accounts of the
35
00:01:11,310 --> 00:01:13,920
journey this by most definitions is the
36
00:01:13,920 --> 00:01:16,290
only definitively proven contact between
37
00:01:16,290 --> 00:01:18,390
the old and the new world prior to the
38
00:01:18,390 --> 00:01:20,580
voyage of Columbus but that doesn't mean
39
00:01:20,580 --> 00:01:22,320
there isn't some evidence that points
40
00:01:22,320 --> 00:01:23,939
towards earlier discovery events
41
00:01:23,939 --> 00:01:26,220
sticking with European exploration there
42
00:01:26,220 --> 00:01:27,810
are some that believe the Romans could
43
00:01:27,810 --> 00:01:29,369
have made it to the Americas thousands
44
00:01:29,369 --> 00:01:31,530
of years ago as it stands currently we
45
00:01:31,530 --> 00:01:33,119
have evidence that the Romans made it as
46
00:01:33,119 --> 00:01:34,829
far as the Canary Islands off the coast
47
00:01:34,829 --> 00:01:37,530
of Africa which are still over 4000
48
00:01:37,530 --> 00:01:39,450
kilometers away from the nearest portion
49
00:01:39,450 --> 00:01:41,700
of mainland America most potential
50
00:01:41,700 --> 00:01:43,439
evidence that Romans made this nearly
51
00:01:43,439 --> 00:01:45,600
4,000 kilometer voyage comes from
52
00:01:45,600 --> 00:01:47,280
objects found throughout the new world
53
00:01:47,280 --> 00:01:49,140
which resemble the craftsmanship of the
54
00:01:49,140 --> 00:01:50,790
Romans more than any other Native
55
00:01:50,790 --> 00:01:52,710
American style perhaps the most popular
56
00:01:52,710 --> 00:01:55,259
example is the taxi colleagues they walk
57
00:01:55,259 --> 00:01:57,090
ahead or however you say it I can't
58
00:01:57,090 --> 00:01:59,040
pretend I actually know the artifact in
59
00:01:59,040 --> 00:02:00,659
question was discovered in a burial
60
00:02:00,659 --> 00:02:03,960
offering dated from between 1476 before
61
00:02:03,960 --> 00:02:07,110
Columbus and 1510 after Columbus the
62
00:02:07,110 --> 00:02:09,030
Terracotta head shows what many consider
63
00:02:09,030 --> 00:02:11,550
to be particularly European features and
64
00:02:11,550 --> 00:02:13,060
doesn't match any known and nay
65
00:02:13,060 --> 00:02:15,550
of art styles after analysis by several
66
00:02:15,550 --> 00:02:17,290
art historians and archaeological
67
00:02:17,290 --> 00:02:19,209
experts it was concluded that the figure
68
00:02:19,209 --> 00:02:21,220
was at least compatible with Roman
69
00:02:21,220 --> 00:02:23,020
sculpture styles from around the second
70
00:02:23,020 --> 00:02:25,060
century that being said many have called
71
00:02:25,060 --> 00:02:26,230
him to question the artefacts
72
00:02:26,230 --> 00:02:28,180
authenticity or have even suggested it
73
00:02:28,180 --> 00:02:29,800
found its way here after Columbus
74
00:02:29,800 --> 00:02:32,470
arrived another popularly cited example
75
00:02:32,470 --> 00:02:34,390
of out of place artifacts was found in
76
00:02:34,390 --> 00:02:36,760
Granada Bay in modern-day Brazil beneath
77
00:02:36,760 --> 00:02:38,530
the waters here remains of a shipwreck
78
00:02:38,530 --> 00:02:41,050
were uncovered in the late 1970s and
79
00:02:41,050 --> 00:02:43,360
continued to be found into the 2000s
80
00:02:43,360 --> 00:02:45,040
found among the shipwreck were the
81
00:02:45,040 --> 00:02:47,590
littering of many ceramic jars after
82
00:02:47,590 --> 00:02:49,450
being analyzed by experts these jars
83
00:02:49,450 --> 00:02:52,000
were identified as likely being m4a a
84
00:02:52,000 --> 00:02:53,950
container type used commonly by Greeks
85
00:02:53,950 --> 00:02:56,500
and Romans these amphora were so regular
86
00:02:56,500 --> 00:02:58,269
in fact that it was common practice for
87
00:02:58,269 --> 00:03:00,069
a trading ship to just dump them in the
88
00:03:00,069 --> 00:03:01,660
water near where they anchored because
89
00:03:01,660 --> 00:03:03,670
it was easier and faster to sail without
90
00:03:03,670 --> 00:03:05,349
them weighing down a vessel once they
91
00:03:05,349 --> 00:03:07,209
had been emptied fragments from an
92
00:03:07,209 --> 00:03:09,610
estimated 200 m fora were found under
93
00:03:09,610 --> 00:03:11,380
the waters of this Bay in Brazil and
94
00:03:11,380 --> 00:03:13,209
some have used this to suggest that
95
00:03:13,209 --> 00:03:14,799
Romans were trading with the natives of
96
00:03:14,799 --> 00:03:17,200
this region other explanations have been
97
00:03:17,200 --> 00:03:18,850
given however including a merchant ship
98
00:03:18,850 --> 00:03:20,739
being blown off-course on its way to the
99
00:03:20,739 --> 00:03:22,780
Canary Islands or even the wreckage of a
100
00:03:22,780 --> 00:03:24,489
ship being deposited here by ocean
101
00:03:24,489 --> 00:03:26,200
currents while there are plenty of other
102
00:03:26,200 --> 00:03:28,060
theories involving the ancient Europeans
103
00:03:28,060 --> 00:03:29,739
and especially the Romans the next ones
104
00:03:29,739 --> 00:03:31,870
I want to talk about comes from me Irish
105
00:03:31,870 --> 00:03:33,760
to understand this one first we need to
106
00:03:33,760 --> 00:03:35,620
learn about an old Irish writing system
107
00:03:35,620 --> 00:03:37,750
called Holcomb this language began to
108
00:03:37,750 --> 00:03:40,569
develop around 500 CE II and made use of
109
00:03:40,569 --> 00:03:42,609
many lines carved into a pillar to
110
00:03:42,609 --> 00:03:44,560
represent different letters this is
111
00:03:44,560 --> 00:03:46,569
still considered one of the most unique
112
00:03:46,569 --> 00:03:48,880
writing systems ever devised by humans
113
00:03:48,880 --> 00:03:51,010
and is unlike any other writing system
114
00:03:51,010 --> 00:03:53,319
ever studied so when rock carvings like
115
00:03:53,319 --> 00:03:56,620
these dated between 500 and 700 Cee were
116
00:03:56,620 --> 00:03:58,480
found in locations throughout Virginia
117
00:03:58,480 --> 00:04:00,579
and West Virginia in North America it
118
00:04:00,579 --> 00:04:02,380
made many people question if there could
119
00:04:02,380 --> 00:04:04,329
have been some kind of Irish influence
120
00:04:04,329 --> 00:04:07,329
almost 5000 kilometers away from Ireland
121
00:04:07,329 --> 00:04:09,160
but for the most part these claims are
122
00:04:09,160 --> 00:04:11,079
largely unsupported in the scientific
123
00:04:11,079 --> 00:04:12,819
community although no other ideas
124
00:04:12,819 --> 00:04:14,590
popularly supported either the
125
00:04:14,590 --> 00:04:16,298
interesting part of this however well
126
00:04:16,298 --> 00:04:17,950
actually this is all interesting but the
127
00:04:17,950 --> 00:04:19,600
really interesting part I guess is that
128
00:04:19,600 --> 00:04:21,279
the Irish have a completely separate
129
00:04:21,279 --> 00:04:22,539
story that's been passed down through
130
00:04:22,539 --> 00:04:24,430
the generations which some believe is
131
00:04:24,430 --> 00:04:26,440
connected to this story the tale and
132
00:04:26,440 --> 00:04:28,960
st. Brenton an Irish monk said to have
133
00:04:28,960 --> 00:04:31,030
sailed across the Atlantic to discover
134
00:04:31,030 --> 00:04:33,340
paradise roughly around the same time
135
00:04:33,340 --> 00:04:35,080
these markings were estimated to have
136
00:04:35,080 --> 00:04:37,120
been made the story is pretty long but
137
00:04:37,120 --> 00:04:39,400
insured st. Brendan leaves Ireland with
138
00:04:39,400 --> 00:04:41,950
14 other monks to discover new lands
139
00:04:41,950 --> 00:04:44,410
call to the Isle of the Blessed while on
140
00:04:44,410 --> 00:04:46,390
this journey Brendon and the 14 monks
141
00:04:46,390 --> 00:04:48,160
and a couple of late comers encounters
142
00:04:48,160 --> 00:04:50,170
some strange animals some familiar ones
143
00:04:50,170 --> 00:04:52,270
- they run into a few people some
144
00:04:52,270 --> 00:04:53,620
described as having darker skin
145
00:04:53,620 --> 00:04:55,540
complexion and they generally get into
146
00:04:55,540 --> 00:04:57,220
shenanigans until Brendon and the rest
147
00:04:57,220 --> 00:04:59,200
of his Posse decide to head back home on
148
00:04:59,200 --> 00:05:00,850
the way it's said that they passed an
149
00:05:00,850 --> 00:05:02,500
island of blacksmiths who tossed a
150
00:05:02,500 --> 00:05:04,600
molten slag out at their ship and then
151
00:05:04,600 --> 00:05:06,640
they passed by crystal pillars the
152
00:05:06,640 --> 00:05:08,230
island of blacksmiths is thought to be
153
00:05:08,230 --> 00:05:10,000
an interpretation of the volcanic island
154
00:05:10,000 --> 00:05:12,310
of Iceland spewing out molten rocks as
155
00:05:12,310 --> 00:05:14,260
they sailed by while the crystal pillars
156
00:05:14,260 --> 00:05:15,940
is thought to be an allusion to floating
157
00:05:15,940 --> 00:05:17,530
icebergs found throughout the North
158
00:05:17,530 --> 00:05:19,630
Atlantic to add a cherry on top of all
159
00:05:19,630 --> 00:05:22,750
of this in 1977 the British explorer Tim
160
00:05:22,750 --> 00:05:25,120
Severn completed a voyage from Ireland
161
00:05:25,120 --> 00:05:27,460
to America using only a traditional
162
00:05:27,460 --> 00:05:29,440
Irish kirk boat proving that at the very
163
00:05:29,440 --> 00:05:31,660
least this trip and therefore this story
164
00:05:31,660 --> 00:05:34,090
was possible of course lines marked on a
165
00:05:34,090 --> 00:05:35,950
cave and an old irish Emran aren't
166
00:05:35,950 --> 00:05:37,930
exactly hard evidence and if none of
167
00:05:37,930 --> 00:05:39,760
these seemed very possible still then
168
00:05:39,760 --> 00:05:41,290
we're going to need to leave Europe in
169
00:05:41,290 --> 00:05:43,570
fact ideas about Africans reaching the
170
00:05:43,570 --> 00:05:45,580
Americas before Columbus are equally
171
00:05:45,580 --> 00:05:47,320
numerous and might even be more
172
00:05:47,320 --> 00:05:49,210
convincing before it get to them though
173
00:05:49,210 --> 00:05:50,860
I just want to look at the geography of
174
00:05:50,860 --> 00:05:52,570
this a bit hope you don't mind because
175
00:05:52,570 --> 00:05:54,250
when you take a real look at things
176
00:05:54,250 --> 00:05:56,620
Africa and South America aren't actually
177
00:05:56,620 --> 00:05:58,450
terribly far apart from one another
178
00:05:58,450 --> 00:06:00,460
the closest tips of each continent are
179
00:06:00,460 --> 00:06:02,680
less than 3,000 kilometres away
180
00:06:02,680 --> 00:06:04,720
but off the coast of Africa are also the
181
00:06:04,720 --> 00:06:06,550
Cape Verde Islands that make a suitable
182
00:06:06,550 --> 00:06:07,900
restocking station
183
00:06:07,900 --> 00:06:09,640
if launched from here the trip to South
184
00:06:09,640 --> 00:06:11,620
America would be less than 26 hundred
185
00:06:11,620 --> 00:06:13,960
kilometres not to mention if you look at
186
00:06:13,960 --> 00:06:15,970
prevailing wind patterns over this part
187
00:06:15,970 --> 00:06:17,500
of the world we can see that winds
188
00:06:17,500 --> 00:06:19,720
around the equatorial Atlantic all blow
189
00:06:19,720 --> 00:06:22,630
from Africa to South America these are
190
00:06:22,630 --> 00:06:24,340
what's called to the northeast trade
191
00:06:24,340 --> 00:06:26,200
winds trade winds because they're the
192
00:06:26,200 --> 00:06:27,700
same winds that were later used by
193
00:06:27,700 --> 00:06:29,470
Europeans during the times of the
194
00:06:29,470 --> 00:06:31,990
Columbian Exchange and colonisation what
195
00:06:31,990 --> 00:06:33,400
this means is that sailing across the
196
00:06:33,400 --> 00:06:35,950
sizable gap could be fast and efficient
197
00:06:35,950 --> 00:06:37,810
if explorers had a good understanding of
198
00:06:37,810 --> 00:06:38,180
the way
199
00:06:38,180 --> 00:06:40,460
in the area so it's no surprise the talk
200
00:06:40,460 --> 00:06:42,169
of Africans reaching America before
201
00:06:42,169 --> 00:06:44,259
Europeans had started as far back as
202
00:06:44,259 --> 00:06:47,419
1862 when the first colossal head of the
203
00:06:47,419 --> 00:06:49,340
ancient Mesoamerican Olmec civilization
204
00:06:49,340 --> 00:06:52,100
was discovered in modern-day Mexico when
205
00:06:52,100 --> 00:06:53,900
analyzing the facial features displayed
206
00:06:53,900 --> 00:06:55,669
on these heads it was noted how similar
207
00:06:55,669 --> 00:06:57,470
they looked not to the native people but
208
00:06:57,470 --> 00:06:59,330
to Africans and it was suggested that
209
00:06:59,330 --> 00:07:00,710
the heads were either created with
210
00:07:00,710 --> 00:07:02,810
Africans in mind or by Africans
211
00:07:02,810 --> 00:07:04,699
themselves who had traveled here now
212
00:07:04,699 --> 00:07:06,590
these ideas have been heavily rejected
213
00:07:06,590 --> 00:07:08,509
by much of the scholarly community but
214
00:07:08,509 --> 00:07:10,130
it has left the question of African
215
00:07:10,130 --> 00:07:12,320
activity in America open and since then
216
00:07:12,320 --> 00:07:14,360
other theories have emerged it's
217
00:07:14,360 --> 00:07:16,039
commonly believed that Native American
218
00:07:16,039 --> 00:07:17,750
populations came across the now
219
00:07:17,750 --> 00:07:20,000
underwater land bridge of Beringia which
220
00:07:20,000 --> 00:07:22,250
once connected Alaska to Siberia and
221
00:07:22,250 --> 00:07:24,229
this has been more or less confirmed by
222
00:07:24,229 --> 00:07:25,849
genetic analysis showing Native
223
00:07:25,849 --> 00:07:27,860
Americans closest relatives to be those
224
00:07:27,860 --> 00:07:30,110
genetic groups from eastern Asia but
225
00:07:30,110 --> 00:07:31,759
what's strange is that many of the
226
00:07:31,759 --> 00:07:33,680
oldest human remains uncovered in the
227
00:07:33,680 --> 00:07:35,449
Americas come not from the land around
228
00:07:35,449 --> 00:07:37,940
Ferengi but rather further south towards
229
00:07:37,940 --> 00:07:40,009
the middle of the landmass the most
230
00:07:40,009 --> 00:07:41,690
well-known example of this are the
231
00:07:41,690 --> 00:07:44,150
remains of a teenage girl nicknamed Maya
232
00:07:44,150 --> 00:07:46,099
found in the Yucatan Peninsula in
233
00:07:46,099 --> 00:07:48,530
modern-day Mexico nowhere near where
234
00:07:48,530 --> 00:07:50,810
humans supposedly first stepped foot on
235
00:07:50,810 --> 00:07:52,849
the continent the bones left by this
236
00:07:52,849 --> 00:07:54,770
unfortunate girl and those of other
237
00:07:54,770 --> 00:07:56,750
early inhabitants of America were found
238
00:07:56,750 --> 00:07:58,220
to have completely different bone
239
00:07:58,220 --> 00:07:59,900
structures from the Native Americans
240
00:07:59,900 --> 00:08:02,240
later found by Columbus instead their
241
00:08:02,240 --> 00:08:04,099
faces were smaller and shorter while
242
00:08:04,099 --> 00:08:05,780
their entire skulls were longer and
243
00:08:05,780 --> 00:08:07,669
narrower than the typical Native
244
00:08:07,669 --> 00:08:10,039
American reconstructions of the girls
245
00:08:10,039 --> 00:08:11,840
face revealed these differences much
246
00:08:11,840 --> 00:08:14,449
clearer for me anyway and show just how
247
00:08:14,449 --> 00:08:16,159
these features are much more in line
248
00:08:16,159 --> 00:08:17,449
with those of a person of African
249
00:08:17,449 --> 00:08:19,430
descent as well as possibly native
250
00:08:19,430 --> 00:08:21,860
Australian or Pacific Islander this
251
00:08:21,860 --> 00:08:23,389
isn't the only fossil like this
252
00:08:23,389 --> 00:08:25,400
discovered in America either and the
253
00:08:25,400 --> 00:08:27,289
finding of similar ones all older than
254
00:08:27,289 --> 00:08:29,090
the ones found in Beringia has called
255
00:08:29,090 --> 00:08:30,560
into question whether those Asian
256
00:08:30,560 --> 00:08:32,450
explorers who crossed Beringia really
257
00:08:32,450 --> 00:08:34,070
were the first people to walk on
258
00:08:34,070 --> 00:08:35,899
American soil or if its first
259
00:08:35,899 --> 00:08:37,729
inhabitants were of African or even
260
00:08:37,729 --> 00:08:40,130
possibly Pacific descent the last thing
261
00:08:40,130 --> 00:08:41,599
I want to talk about in relation to
262
00:08:41,599 --> 00:08:43,130
Africans making their way to the
263
00:08:43,130 --> 00:08:44,720
Americas actually has to do with
264
00:08:44,720 --> 00:08:46,970
Columbus himself and more specifically
265
00:08:46,970 --> 00:08:49,490
his third voyage to the Americas it was
266
00:08:49,490 --> 00:08:50,370
recorded by the
267
00:08:50,370 --> 00:08:52,350
Torian Bartolome de las casas that
268
00:08:52,350 --> 00:08:54,240
Columbus's sole purpose on this voyage
269
00:08:54,240 --> 00:08:56,160
was to test the claims that had made it
270
00:08:56,160 --> 00:08:58,410
all the way to king john ii of portugal
271
00:08:58,410 --> 00:09:00,510
these claims described how canoes had
272
00:09:00,510 --> 00:09:02,160
been found which set out from the coast
273
00:09:02,160 --> 00:09:03,900
of Guinea which is West Africa and
274
00:09:03,900 --> 00:09:06,060
sailed to the west with merchandise or
275
00:09:06,060 --> 00:09:07,920
basically people from West Africa were
276
00:09:07,920 --> 00:09:09,990
sailing out west into the Atlantic with
277
00:09:09,990 --> 00:09:11,910
valuable things for trade and King John
278
00:09:11,910 --> 00:09:13,470
of Portugal was curious about where
279
00:09:13,470 --> 00:09:15,630
these goods were going following these
280
00:09:15,630 --> 00:09:17,550
directions Columbus sailed for the west
281
00:09:17,550 --> 00:09:19,440
of Africa and discovered the continent
282
00:09:19,440 --> 00:09:22,050
of South America hmm whether or not
283
00:09:22,050 --> 00:09:23,910
these myths of African merchants were
284
00:09:23,910 --> 00:09:25,500
true the land they were supposedly
285
00:09:25,500 --> 00:09:27,779
traveling to was real which if you ask
286
00:09:27,779 --> 00:09:29,970
me gives at least some credence to these
287
00:09:29,970 --> 00:09:30,480
stories
288
00:09:30,480 --> 00:09:32,160
despite this there's still been no
289
00:09:32,160 --> 00:09:34,110
tangible evidence to back up these
290
00:09:34,110 --> 00:09:36,000
claims other than word of mouth from
291
00:09:36,000 --> 00:09:38,400
some long dead and lost original sources
292
00:09:38,400 --> 00:09:40,529
moving away from Africa camp the
293
00:09:40,529 --> 00:09:42,330
Atlantic Ocean as a whole we come to
294
00:09:42,330 --> 00:09:45,000
East Asia and the Polynesian Pacific now
295
00:09:45,000 --> 00:09:47,010
if we again look at the prevailing wind
296
00:09:47,010 --> 00:09:48,839
patterns that may have helped Africans
297
00:09:48,839 --> 00:09:50,910
reach the east coast of the Americas the
298
00:09:50,910 --> 00:09:53,010
opposite is true in the Pacific where
299
00:09:53,010 --> 00:09:54,779
winds blowing east to west would have
300
00:09:54,779 --> 00:09:57,180
impeded explorers ability to travel east
301
00:09:57,180 --> 00:09:59,520
to near the equator but the opposite is
302
00:09:59,520 --> 00:10:00,990
true at higher latitudes where
303
00:10:00,990 --> 00:10:02,700
prevailing winds could have helped push
304
00:10:02,700 --> 00:10:05,220
explorers towards the Americas these are
305
00:10:05,220 --> 00:10:06,900
collectively known as the westerlies
306
00:10:06,900 --> 00:10:09,029
which blow from the west to the east
307
00:10:09,029 --> 00:10:11,670
these wind patterns result in ocean
308
00:10:11,670 --> 00:10:13,140
currents in the Pacific that looked
309
00:10:13,140 --> 00:10:15,029
pretty similar forming an Ocean gyre
310
00:10:15,029 --> 00:10:17,190
which moves water from around to Japan
311
00:10:17,190 --> 00:10:19,110
all the way to the American west coast
312
00:10:19,110 --> 00:10:21,240
before we get talking about ancient East
313
00:10:21,240 --> 00:10:23,100
Asians traveling to the Americas I want
314
00:10:23,100 --> 00:10:24,810
to give a brief summary of the story of
315
00:10:24,810 --> 00:10:27,060
the three key keys you see while serving
316
00:10:27,060 --> 00:10:29,010
his crew members on a rice transport
317
00:10:29,010 --> 00:10:31,529
ship three Japanese men he wiki G the
318
00:10:31,529 --> 00:10:33,810
ship's navigator cooky Chi an assistant
319
00:10:33,810 --> 00:10:35,820
cook and old okichi another assistant
320
00:10:35,820 --> 00:10:37,890
cook actually and 11 other men
321
00:10:37,890 --> 00:10:39,360
encountered a storm in the western
322
00:10:39,360 --> 00:10:41,760
Pacific off the coast of Japan during
323
00:10:41,760 --> 00:10:44,010
the storm the mast and rudder broke off
324
00:10:44,010 --> 00:10:45,839
from the ship leaving hid and its crew
325
00:10:45,839 --> 00:10:47,610
stranded in the middle of the Pacific
326
00:10:47,610 --> 00:10:50,160
but because it was a rice transport ship
327
00:10:50,160 --> 00:10:51,720
the men actually had enough food to
328
00:10:51,720 --> 00:10:54,690
survive and over 14 months the Pacific
329
00:10:54,690 --> 00:10:56,550
Ocean current now called the Kuroshio
330
00:10:56,550 --> 00:10:57,540
Current
331
00:10:57,540 --> 00:10:59,519
boat and the surviving crew across the
332
00:10:59,519 --> 00:11:01,529
ocean and deposited them in Washington
333
00:11:01,529 --> 00:11:03,630
State by the time they arrived on land
334
00:11:03,630 --> 00:11:05,490
only the three key cheese remained
335
00:11:05,490 --> 00:11:07,470
everyone else having died from nutrient
336
00:11:07,470 --> 00:11:09,300
deficiencies there's a lot more to the
337
00:11:09,300 --> 00:11:11,190
story too but for our purposes this is
338
00:11:11,190 --> 00:11:13,320
the first recorded example of the boat
339
00:11:13,320 --> 00:11:16,050
being swept from Japan to North America
340
00:11:16,050 --> 00:11:18,089
entirely without a source of propulsion
341
00:11:18,089 --> 00:11:20,220
or steering events like this have been
342
00:11:20,220 --> 00:11:22,199
recorded several times afterwards as
343
00:11:22,199 --> 00:11:24,029
well and many scholars find it hard to
344
00:11:24,029 --> 00:11:26,009
believe that these events only started
345
00:11:26,009 --> 00:11:28,380
to occur after the Columbian discovery I
346
00:11:28,380 --> 00:11:30,149
guess I should stress again that we
347
00:11:30,149 --> 00:11:31,920
don't actually have any evidence of this
348
00:11:31,920 --> 00:11:33,660
happening prior to colonization of the
349
00:11:33,660 --> 00:11:35,250
continent and all the statements about
350
00:11:35,250 --> 00:11:37,410
this are entirely circumstantial if we
351
00:11:37,410 --> 00:11:38,970
take another look at the prevailing
352
00:11:38,970 --> 00:11:40,500
winds and currents in the Pacific though
353
00:11:40,500 --> 00:11:42,209
we can see the Kuroshio Current is
354
00:11:42,209 --> 00:11:43,860
mirrored in the southern hemisphere by
355
00:11:43,860 --> 00:11:46,170
the South Pacific current which opens up
356
00:11:46,170 --> 00:11:47,940
the possibility of an American discovery
357
00:11:47,940 --> 00:11:50,399
by the Polynesians as well now it's
358
00:11:50,399 --> 00:11:52,410
already well known that the Polynesians
359
00:11:52,410 --> 00:11:54,360
were master seafarers and navigators
360
00:11:54,360 --> 00:11:56,220
which might explain why there's possibly
361
00:11:56,220 --> 00:11:58,199
the most evidence in favour of contact
362
00:11:58,199 --> 00:11:59,819
between the Polynesians and Native
363
00:11:59,819 --> 00:12:02,100
Americans there are numerous examples of
364
00:12:02,100 --> 00:12:03,810
this but my favorite includes the sweet
365
00:12:03,810 --> 00:12:06,060
potato which is known to have originated
366
00:12:06,060 --> 00:12:08,310
in Central and South America but when
367
00:12:08,310 --> 00:12:10,260
exploring the pacific early Europeans
368
00:12:10,260 --> 00:12:11,790
also found them growing throughout
369
00:12:11,790 --> 00:12:14,190
Polynesia now most of the islands the
370
00:12:14,190 --> 00:12:16,410
Polynesians inhabited were volcanic in
371
00:12:16,410 --> 00:12:18,240
origin meaning they never shared any
372
00:12:18,240 --> 00:12:20,819
sort of geological history with America
373
00:12:20,819 --> 00:12:22,949
and therefore the sweet potato must have
374
00:12:22,949 --> 00:12:24,600
been brought here by some other means
375
00:12:24,600 --> 00:12:26,550
the some have used this to say that the
376
00:12:26,550 --> 00:12:28,740
Polynesians themselves arrived in South
377
00:12:28,740 --> 00:12:30,600
America and brought vine clippings back
378
00:12:30,600 --> 00:12:32,670
with them to farm while others have
379
00:12:32,670 --> 00:12:34,319
proposed that the vegetable managed to
380
00:12:34,319 --> 00:12:36,089
disperse itself by writing ocean
381
00:12:36,089 --> 00:12:37,949
currents over many thousands of years
382
00:12:37,949 --> 00:12:40,350
this theory of a Polynesian introduction
383
00:12:40,350 --> 00:12:42,360
however would help explain to why the
384
00:12:42,360 --> 00:12:44,459
proto Polynesian word for sweet potato
385
00:12:44,459 --> 00:12:46,860
Tamala is noted to be very similar to
386
00:12:46,860 --> 00:12:48,660
those of South American Quechua and
387
00:12:48,660 --> 00:12:51,029
Aymara words for the same crop tomar and
388
00:12:51,029 --> 00:12:53,220
kumara I should remind you there are
389
00:12:53,220 --> 00:12:55,560
also numerous other similar examples to
390
00:12:55,560 --> 00:12:57,060
this one which include everything from
391
00:12:57,060 --> 00:12:59,160
Peruvian mummies being found with sap
392
00:12:59,160 --> 00:13:00,990
from a New Guinean tree all the way to
393
00:13:00,990 --> 00:13:03,089
canoes in California resembling both
394
00:13:03,089 --> 00:13:05,100
inform and named those built by the
395
00:13:05,100 --> 00:13:07,230
Polynesians like I said at the beginning
396
00:13:07,230 --> 00:13:09,240
though none of these hypotheses have
397
00:13:09,240 --> 00:13:10,430
been proven with large
398
00:13:10,430 --> 00:13:13,100
of undisputed evidence obviously someone
399
00:13:13,100 --> 00:13:14,810
made it to America before Columbus as
400
00:13:14,810 --> 00:13:16,790
evidenced by all the millions of people
401
00:13:16,790 --> 00:13:18,350
and ancient civilizations found here
402
00:13:18,350 --> 00:13:20,870
upon first contact clearly these people
403
00:13:20,870 --> 00:13:23,120
were the true discoverers of America as
404
00:13:23,120 --> 00:13:24,260
they were the first to establish
405
00:13:24,260 --> 00:13:26,570
permanent settlements on the continent
406
00:13:26,570 --> 00:13:28,670
thousands of years before Columbus or
407
00:13:28,670 --> 00:13:31,430
Leif Erikson or anyone else discovered
408
00:13:31,430 --> 00:13:33,350
is a relative term in this video as I
409
00:13:33,350 --> 00:13:34,790
hope you realized instead of writing
410
00:13:34,790 --> 00:13:36,830
redundant comments down below I'm not
411
00:13:36,830 --> 00:13:37,940
saying any of these have been
412
00:13:37,940 --> 00:13:39,650
legitimized to the point that we need to
413
00:13:39,650 --> 00:13:41,480
change our history textbooks all I'm
414
00:13:41,480 --> 00:13:42,920
trying to say is that there are things
415
00:13:42,920 --> 00:13:44,450
in this world that should make us
416
00:13:44,450 --> 00:13:46,100
question our understanding of American
417
00:13:46,100 --> 00:13:48,530
discovery and exploration and world
418
00:13:48,530 --> 00:13:50,510
history as a whole regardless of what
419
00:13:50,510 --> 00:13:51,980
the answer is the question who
420
00:13:51,980 --> 00:13:54,080
discovered America is still a question I
421
00:13:54,080 --> 00:13:56,060
believe is worth asking and can only
422
00:13:56,060 --> 00:13:57,860
help to improve our understanding of
423
00:13:57,860 --> 00:13:59,870
history that has long since passed I
424
00:13:59,870 --> 00:14:01,640
hope you agree with me on this one and
425
00:14:01,640 --> 00:14:03,350
judging by the fact that you watch this
426
00:14:03,350 --> 00:14:05,900
entire video I'd say you would besides
427
00:14:05,900 --> 00:14:07,250
that let me know of any other
428
00:14:07,250 --> 00:14:09,110
questionable examples of people making
429
00:14:09,110 --> 00:14:11,030
it to the Americas before Columbus I
430
00:14:11,030 --> 00:14:13,100
find this topic very interesting if you
431
00:14:13,100 --> 00:14:14,720
want to keep seeing videos like this I'd
432
00:14:14,720 --> 00:14:16,670
suggest checking out my patreon that's
433
00:14:16,670 --> 00:14:18,320
how all these people got their name on
434
00:14:18,320 --> 00:14:19,940
here and that's how I keep this channel
435
00:14:19,940 --> 00:14:21,770
running I should be back next week with
436
00:14:21,770 --> 00:14:23,600
another video so subscribe if you want
437
00:14:23,600 --> 00:14:26,530
to see that Thanks
33431
Can't find what you're looking for?
Get subtitles in any language from opensubtitles.com, and translate them here.