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{\an8} This is me,
Luca Parmitano, as a child.
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00:00:16,000 --> 00:00:19,120
{\an8}Flying has always been my passion.
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00:00:19,160 --> 00:00:21,960
{\an8}SICILY, ITALY
1980
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00:00:50,880 --> 00:00:54,880
I think we all desire what we see.
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00:00:54,920 --> 00:00:58,680
I grew up with cartoons,
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00:00:58,720 --> 00:01:01,520
American ones,
but especially Japanese
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00:01:01,560 --> 00:01:07,480
about space, robots and great
explorations in this accessible universe.
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00:01:08,280 --> 00:01:11,320
While in the real world,
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00:01:11,360 --> 00:01:15,480
the first Space Shuttle missions
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00:01:15,520 --> 00:01:17,840
were being broadcast on TV.
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00:01:20,240 --> 00:01:21,360
Time!
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00:01:25,280 --> 00:01:28,800
One of
my earliest memories
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00:01:28,800 --> 00:01:32,440
is being asked
what I wanted to be when I grew up,
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00:01:32,480 --> 00:01:36,320
and, as a child, I said: an astronaut.
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00:01:36,360 --> 00:01:42,960
I said it with the same spirit a child
today says: Superman or Batman.
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00:01:43,000 --> 00:01:45,000
It was the same idea.
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00:01:47,640 --> 00:01:50,560
But that idea
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00:01:50,600 --> 00:01:56,360
of a job that is unique, wonderful,
fun, adventuresome,
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00:01:56,400 --> 00:01:58,840
has stayed with me all my life.
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00:02:00,960 --> 00:02:05,160
As years passed,
I became more humble, modest,
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00:02:05,200 --> 00:02:09,800
but at present I am the only Italian
who has walked in space,
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the first to command
the International Space Station.
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00:02:15,960 --> 00:02:19,400
A child growing up in Sicily,
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00:02:19,440 --> 00:02:24,640
somewhat the outskirts
of Italy and Europe,
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00:02:24,680 --> 00:02:27,640
grows up far from
the reality of space technology.
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00:02:27,680 --> 00:02:30,640
In Sicily there are no structures
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00:02:30,680 --> 00:02:34,280
that connect you to the aerospace world.
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00:02:34,320 --> 00:02:36,200
So, I drew away from the idea.
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00:02:38,920 --> 00:02:45,600
I was brought close to the idea of flying
when I was an adolescent.
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00:02:48,400 --> 00:02:53,400
That's when the path began taking shape
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00:02:53,440 --> 00:02:57,040
which, 30 years later, led me to wear
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00:02:57,080 --> 00:03:00,120
a spacesuit for the first time.
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00:03:11,680 --> 00:03:15,520
I went to Russia in 2010
for the first time.
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00:03:18,360 --> 00:03:21,080
I have a special tie to this country.
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00:03:23,280 --> 00:03:28,320
Russia started training
military personnel in 1960
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00:03:28,360 --> 00:03:32,080
and has sent 120 cosmonauts into space.
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00:03:32,120 --> 00:03:33,840
The first man...
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00:03:37,320 --> 00:03:39,320
and the first woman.
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00:04:10,200 --> 00:04:12,880
{\an8} The city of stars...
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{\an8}The first group
of cosmonaut candidates
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00:04:15,800 --> 00:04:19,000
arrived in Moscow to start training,
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00:04:19,040 --> 00:04:23,840
but in July 1960
the unit was moved here,
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15 miles from Moscow.
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A top secret area.
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It's a closed military area
surrounded by walls and a gate, it still exists,
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00:04:37,640 --> 00:04:43,560
and was built for
the Soviet Union Cosmonaut Program
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00:04:43,600 --> 00:04:46,680
in the late 1950s, early 1960s.
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00:04:46,720 --> 00:04:50,960
The first selection of cosmonauts
lived and trained here,
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00:04:51,000 --> 00:04:55,160
among whom Yuri Gagarin, Titov,
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00:04:55,200 --> 00:04:57,160
Aleksej Leonov and so on.
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00:05:03,040 --> 00:05:05,720
In the last ten years,
since I became an astronaut,
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00:05:05,760 --> 00:05:09,040
I've seen continuous change.
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00:05:09,800 --> 00:05:13,960
I arrived here in the winter of 2010.
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00:05:14,000 --> 00:05:19,640
There was no supermarket,
there was one Soviet-style shopping mall
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with very little to buy.
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00:05:23,320 --> 00:05:27,920
You had to leave Star City
and go to a nearby city.
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00:05:32,200 --> 00:05:34,040
It furnishes much more now,
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00:05:34,080 --> 00:05:40,800
but the original atmosphere of Star City
has almost been lost,
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00:05:40,840 --> 00:05:46,400
what I remember of my first years,
my travels and training here in Russia.
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00:05:52,960 --> 00:05:59,720
We're entering via a service gate
because a cosmonaut just re-entered.
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00:06:00,480 --> 00:06:03,720
The building is in two parts,
one is isolated, for quarantine,
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00:06:03,760 --> 00:06:06,440
and one for the others living here.
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00:06:08,000 --> 00:06:12,720
This is the "Prophylactoryum",
another historic building in Star City.
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00:06:23,440 --> 00:06:26,520
This is the hall on the third floor,
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00:06:26,560 --> 00:06:28,720
the floor for European astronauts.
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00:06:28,760 --> 00:06:33,360
All European astronauts
have lived in these rooms,
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00:06:33,400 --> 00:06:35,160
at various times in their training.
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00:06:38,680 --> 00:06:43,600
The first time I came here,
nearly ten years ago, I had room 31,
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00:06:43,640 --> 00:06:47,160
this time I preferred number 34,
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00:06:47,200 --> 00:06:51,600
because it's closer to the coffee machine
and the bed is more comfortable.
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00:06:57,440 --> 00:07:01,320
Yuri Gagarin was the first man
in space and he departed alone.
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00:07:01,360 --> 00:07:05,440
Now there are three of us leaving:
me, Italian and European,
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00:07:05,480 --> 00:07:09,920
Alexander Skvortsov,
a Russian cosmonaut
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00:07:09,960 --> 00:07:13,520
and Andrew, called Drew,
an American from NASA.
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This strengthens the friendship
and cooperation already among us on Earth.
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00:07:19,880 --> 00:07:24,920
This statue of Yuri Gagarin
hides a flower behind his back.
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Yuri Gagarin is this great hero
in the USSR
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00:07:28,200 --> 00:07:31,840
in the 1960s he was the first man
to fly in space,
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but his nature remained
that of a man on Earth
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with a flower symbolizing
the odors, tastes, colors of the Earth
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which he saw from space
for the first time.
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00:07:43,240 --> 00:07:47,800
I never thought
I'd become so long-winded over time.
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00:07:47,840 --> 00:07:50,760
Andrew, help me out!
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00:07:52,320 --> 00:07:57,160
Mister, Doctor,
Colonel Andrew Morgan, called Drew,
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will be my second-in-command during Expedition 61,
when I take command of the Station.
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00:08:03,280 --> 00:08:08,320
We've known each other since 2013,
working together during these years,
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00:08:08,360 --> 00:08:10,360
but, during this last year and a half,
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we've trained together
in the United States, Japan, in Europe,
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underwater,
hours and hours of work together.
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So, when we leave on July 20th,
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I think we'll have a really good time.
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Yes, I agree.
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I should have brought my guitar, man.
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Ladies and gentlemen...
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# Superman!
La la la la, Superman! #
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00:08:52,840 --> 00:09:01,280
# Superman!
La la la la, Superman! La la la la, Superman! #
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00:09:24,080 --> 00:09:27,200
According to Russian tradition,
after the training phase
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begins the theoretical phase
which ends with practical exams.
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00:09:34,640 --> 00:09:37,080
There are two phases to the exams:
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the commander and the pilot of the Soyuz
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must take individual exams
before a commission
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to show they are able
to intervene manually in the phases
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00:09:49,320 --> 00:09:53,760
of flight with the Soyuz
that are most complex, dangerous.
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00:09:54,360 --> 00:10:00,920
The first is the approach, the second
is contact with the Station, the docking,
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00:10:00,960 --> 00:10:03,520
and the third is the re-enter phase.
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00:10:14,920 --> 00:10:19,240
It is tradition
to sign a large book after the exam,
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00:10:19,280 --> 00:10:21,320
in Gagarin's office.
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00:10:22,480 --> 00:10:26,080
Everything here is exactly as it was
on the date and time of his death
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00:10:26,120 --> 00:10:30,800
on March 27, 1968,
at just 34 years of age.
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Let's go. It's our bus.
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00:10:57,960 --> 00:11:03,120
Before leaving, every astronaut
lays a carnation at the Kremlin wall
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00:11:03,160 --> 00:11:05,800
where Yuri Gagarin's tomb is.
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00:11:05,840 --> 00:11:09,880
It's a tradition
and a mandatory gesture.
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00:11:54,200 --> 00:11:58,400
These days are the last with my family
before our departure.
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00:12:00,200 --> 00:12:02,800
Then I will enter quarantine
and be able to see them
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00:12:02,840 --> 00:12:05,800
only through a window,
however, at a distance.
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00:12:11,520 --> 00:12:13,600
Being a father...
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00:12:14,440 --> 00:12:17,720
should be a full time job
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00:12:17,760 --> 00:12:21,160
and for which no training exists.
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00:12:21,200 --> 00:12:26,040
We start from zero
and the moment our children are born,
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00:12:26,080 --> 00:12:30,440
we must already be professionals
and take the situation in hand.
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00:12:30,760 --> 00:12:36,080
There can be no training,
because each child is a different world.
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00:12:36,960 --> 00:12:41,600
It's normal that distance creates stress.
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00:12:41,640 --> 00:12:44,800
In my experience, the only way
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to relate to our children,
to maintain that relationship,
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is open communication from the start,
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00:12:53,120 --> 00:12:58,120
to help them see that to stand by them,
physical presence isn't necessary.
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00:12:58,720 --> 00:13:02,200
Loving one's own children means
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00:13:02,240 --> 00:13:05,040
giving them the certainty
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of your being there for them
when they need you,
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creating a virtual place
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00:13:12,680 --> 00:13:15,360
in which to take refuge at anytime.
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00:13:15,400 --> 00:13:17,160
Sure, it's the hardest thing to do.
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My role as a father
is to give them the map,
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the means to be able
to realize their dreams.
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00:13:27,480 --> 00:13:31,400
My task will be to urge them on,
encourage them,
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00:13:31,440 --> 00:13:35,280
give support, offer a hand,
but not give the direction.
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00:13:38,280 --> 00:13:40,040
I miss everything about Italy.
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00:13:40,080 --> 00:13:45,080
I left Sicily at 16 to go to America,
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00:13:45,120 --> 00:13:49,120
right after that
I entered the Air Force Academy.
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00:13:50,800 --> 00:13:54,960
I left Italy definitively
in 2007 for France,
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then Germany and finally,
the United States.
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00:13:58,080 --> 00:14:01,560
I feel the distance.
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00:14:01,600 --> 00:14:06,440
I miss the Sicilian sea
with its scents, its colors,
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00:14:06,480 --> 00:14:11,560
but I'm the result
of the life choice I made
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and so, I don't stand here reflecting
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and complaining.
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00:14:29,680 --> 00:14:33,160
When I go into space, I fly!
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And I'm going to America!
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00:14:38,400 --> 00:14:43,360
The Americans went to the moon,
I want to go to America.
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00:14:44,600 --> 00:14:48,000
That's what I said as a child
and so it was.
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When I first arrived in America,
I was still in high school.
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Now my daughters study here and I work,
have worked, at NASA
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here in Texas.
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00:15:14,600 --> 00:15:18,280
Today what we're gonna do
is a quick shakeout run.
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00:15:18,320 --> 00:15:22,600
- What this will do is keep your body lose.
- Alright. Let's do this.
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00:15:24,760 --> 00:15:29,640
To be Ironman still winning the title
is fantastic.
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00:15:29,680 --> 00:15:34,920
For those active in this sport,
the Ironman Triathlon is a unique event.
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Hi, everybody!
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00:15:41,840 --> 00:15:44,640
- How are things?
- Fine. Hot?
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Hoof!
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00:15:50,840 --> 00:15:55,320
I decided to prepare
for Ironman while I was still in orbit, in 2013.
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00:15:55,360 --> 00:16:00,480
There's physical deterioration after a mission,
and a long rehabilitation period.
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00:16:00,520 --> 00:16:04,240
I wanted to show it could be done
within a year after returning to Earth.
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00:16:13,960 --> 00:16:18,520
Who could have guessed
that for sport, I'd have swum 2.4 miles,
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biked 112 miles
and ended with a marathon?
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00:16:24,680 --> 00:16:27,920
Here I calculate the time
for a full race.
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00:16:33,560 --> 00:16:38,600
I'll describe a typical lunch.
It really is my typical lunch.
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I don't know if other athletes do this diet.
I don't think so.
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One measure of nuts,
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I think they're called Brazil nuts,
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pumpkins seeds, two measures.
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I hope Italian food-lovers
and international chefs aren't aghast,
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but this is my lunch.
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My eating habits have changed
through the years and will again.
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00:17:20,440 --> 00:17:25,480
The launch is one year away,
I'm ending the theoretical part of my training,
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00:17:25,520 --> 00:17:28,520
now, at last, the practical part begins.
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00:18:40,160 --> 00:18:45,040
A spacesuit is called an EMU,
Extravehicular Mobility Unit.
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00:18:45,080 --> 00:18:48,480
It's comprised of about
18 thousand parts.
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00:19:01,440 --> 00:19:04,440
The outside layer is puncture resistant,
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it protects from extreme changes
in temperature, solar radiation
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00:19:08,280 --> 00:19:13,200
and micrometeorites, that travel
more than 27 miles per hour.
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And I'd add:
what a hole without it!
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00:19:17,880 --> 00:19:21,080
A spacesuit is
the most expensive attire in the world,
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00:19:21,120 --> 00:19:23,840
it costs about 15 million dollars.
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Among the materials used for the outside
are: nylon, neoprene and Gore-Tex.
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00:19:31,240 --> 00:19:34,280
Underneath we wear a special garment
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00:19:34,320 --> 00:19:37,240
that is called LCVG,
Liquid Cooling and Venting Garment,
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00:19:37,280 --> 00:19:42,920
covered in cooling tubes
to the length of about 300 feet.
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And we use cooled water
to maintain a constant body temperature
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during extra-vehicular activity,
or EVA.
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00:19:54,880 --> 00:19:59,080
A spacesuit permits
the dispersion of body heat,
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00:19:59,120 --> 00:20:02,560
the controlling of connections,
and the communications needed
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00:20:02,600 --> 00:20:05,520
to monitor the state of health
of the astronaut.
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00:20:05,560 --> 00:20:11,520
We also wear adult absorbent pads
to accumulate urine.
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00:20:12,240 --> 00:20:14,560
I didn't wear diapers
as a child
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00:20:14,600 --> 00:20:18,400
but I had to wear them in space
at 42 years of age!
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00:20:32,240 --> 00:20:35,640
The spacesuit weighs
about 308 pounds here on Earth.
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00:20:38,360 --> 00:20:41,680
Training has saved my life many times,
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00:20:41,720 --> 00:20:46,560
both as a pilot and during my second EVA,
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when the spacesuit had a failure.
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- Action!
- Yes!
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00:20:59,200 --> 00:21:02,120
Food tastes the same in space,
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00:21:02,160 --> 00:21:05,360
but it's the way it's eaten
that can be galactic!
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00:21:10,560 --> 00:21:12,440
It's like a rainbow of colors in here!
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00:21:12,480 --> 00:21:15,280
Space food is no different
than food on Earth.
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00:21:15,320 --> 00:21:18,320
To take it into space,
it must be pre-cooked
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or ready-to-eat, maybe adding water.
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00:21:31,680 --> 00:21:33,120
Ready?
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00:21:33,720 --> 00:21:37,880
- Say it.
- Three... two... one!
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00:21:38,920 --> 00:21:40,160
Oh!
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00:21:41,200 --> 00:21:43,400
Well, we guess we do.
215
00:22:00,200 --> 00:22:01,240
Good morning!
216
00:22:02,880 --> 00:22:05,440
NASA trainers call them "Acers",
217
00:22:05,480 --> 00:22:10,560
it's an acronym to indicate
218
00:22:10,600 --> 00:22:15,080
they're both exercisers and trainers
of our physiological recovery.
219
00:22:19,520 --> 00:22:22,280
In space, muscles atrophy
220
00:22:22,320 --> 00:22:26,680
and there are problems of osteoporosis
due to the lack of vitamin D
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00:22:26,720 --> 00:22:30,520
given the impossibility
of being in the open air.
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00:22:38,360 --> 00:22:43,600
All astronauts do 2.5 hours
of mandatory physical activity
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00:22:43,640 --> 00:22:48,240
to avoid muscle complications
caused by microgravity.
224
00:22:58,320 --> 00:23:02,600
There's also
a galactic vision... in all senses.
225
00:23:10,680 --> 00:23:14,440
With less gravity,
the body tends to lengthen.
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00:23:14,480 --> 00:23:17,640
I think I lengthened almost 2 inches.
227
00:23:48,480 --> 00:23:51,600
Training in the pool
is one of my favorites.
228
00:23:51,640 --> 00:23:57,760
It puts you close to space conditions
while still on Earth.
229
00:24:08,200 --> 00:24:13,040
Dressing seems
very complicated on Earth,
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00:24:13,080 --> 00:24:16,840
in orbit it is too,
but for different reasons.
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00:24:16,880 --> 00:24:21,440
Here, it's a problem
of gravity and dimensions.
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00:24:22,080 --> 00:24:25,760
In orbit it's harder to get inside
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00:24:25,800 --> 00:24:29,920
because we can't push ourselves
into the spacesuit,
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00:24:29,960 --> 00:24:36,080
so, in a certain sense, although it's different,
it's realistic for when we're in orbit.
235
00:24:52,760 --> 00:24:56,480
The pool at NASA
is one of the largest in the world.
236
00:24:56,520 --> 00:25:02,080
202 feet long, 101 feet wide
and 40 feet deep.
237
00:25:06,720 --> 00:25:11,440
Under the water is a partial replica
of the International Space Station.
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00:25:11,480 --> 00:25:15,720
The advantage of working underwater
is that the spacesuit is,
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as far as possible, in neutral balance.
240
00:25:18,120 --> 00:25:21,680
This allows us
to get familiar with the spacesuit,
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00:25:21,720 --> 00:25:24,160
which would normally weigh
hundreds of pounds,
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00:25:24,200 --> 00:25:27,640
without the exertion
of this weight on you.
243
00:25:29,200 --> 00:25:32,960
What we need to understand
when we work in the pool
244
00:25:33,000 --> 00:25:36,200
is the exertion, frustration
245
00:25:36,240 --> 00:25:40,400
of working in a very strenuous,
pressurized environment
246
00:25:40,440 --> 00:25:43,240
in which movement is limited.
247
00:25:43,280 --> 00:25:49,840
It's a full-scale, 360-degree training,
with similarities and diversities,
248
00:25:49,880 --> 00:25:53,200
but, in general,
it's an extraordinary training.
249
00:25:53,240 --> 00:25:58,600
The only type of training
that teaches the use of a spacesuit.
250
00:26:02,680 --> 00:26:06,160
And you cut out a little bit...
251
00:26:06,200 --> 00:26:10,880
A spacesuit is
totally isolated, pressurized.
252
00:26:10,920 --> 00:26:14,560
The pressurization gives
an atmosphere inside the spacesuit,
253
00:26:14,600 --> 00:26:17,080
when in extra-vehicular activity
or underwater,
254
00:26:17,120 --> 00:26:20,520
so not to be crushed
by the pressure of the water.
255
00:26:21,360 --> 00:26:26,080
From a physical standpoint, it's one
of our most complex training drills
256
00:26:26,120 --> 00:26:32,160
because it's like doing endurance sport activity,
therefore, long duration.
257
00:26:32,200 --> 00:26:35,760
We spend six hours underwater,
more than seven inside the spacesuit,
258
00:26:35,800 --> 00:26:39,400
including pressurization,
dressing and so on.
259
00:26:39,440 --> 00:26:42,240
It's exhausting,
260
00:26:42,280 --> 00:26:48,360
we can't eat,
we have only half a quart of water
261
00:26:48,400 --> 00:26:51,320
and all movement is extremely tiring.
262
00:26:52,760 --> 00:26:57,520
My hands are white, this is due to
the pressure of the spacesuit.
263
00:26:57,560 --> 00:27:02,080
My nails are a bit ruined
because of the pressure of the gloves.
264
00:27:02,120 --> 00:27:05,520
The spacesuit
is adapted to each astronaut,
265
00:27:05,560 --> 00:27:10,400
but it's not tailor-made,
so there are some constrictions.
266
00:27:13,720 --> 00:27:17,200
# La la la la, Superman! #
267
00:27:17,240 --> 00:27:22,240
# La la la la, Superman!
La la la la! #
268
00:27:22,280 --> 00:27:25,600
We begin with the wet suit,
the number-slot belt.
269
00:27:29,520 --> 00:27:31,520
We go over the checklist.
270
00:27:32,720 --> 00:27:35,520
Okay, we're good to go.
271
00:27:39,680 --> 00:27:42,520
The Ironman Triathlon
started in Hawaii.
272
00:27:42,560 --> 00:27:47,040
It was born in Honolulu
as the result of a bet.
273
00:27:47,080 --> 00:27:52,760
Some athletes were chatting
about which sport,
274
00:27:52,800 --> 00:27:57,720
which athlete,
had the greatest endurance.
275
00:27:58,600 --> 00:28:01,560
"Let's have a race
in which we combine all three!"
276
00:28:03,000 --> 00:28:08,520
One of them said: "The one who wins
will be called Ironman".
277
00:28:16,040 --> 00:28:19,800
And now to bed early,
wake-up is before dawn.
278
00:28:19,840 --> 00:28:22,960
At 5:30 I have to be there.
279
00:28:23,920 --> 00:28:28,160
# La la la la, Superman! #
Superman!
280
00:28:36,400 --> 00:28:38,360
It's 6:40.
281
00:28:38,400 --> 00:28:43,080
I'm about to head to the starting area,
my heat starts at 7:15.
282
00:28:43,760 --> 00:28:48,040
I got up at 4:30 for breakfast.
283
00:28:48,080 --> 00:28:51,280
I prepared my emplacement
284
00:28:51,320 --> 00:28:55,640
with my shoes and helmet for the bike,
and my running shoes.
285
00:28:55,680 --> 00:28:57,960
We'll be starting soon.
286
00:29:53,960 --> 00:29:57,280
{\an8}JAXA, JAPAN
287
00:30:58,400 --> 00:31:02,360
This is JAXA,
the Japanese Space Agency.
288
00:31:09,280 --> 00:31:13,360
- Thanks very much. I'm Maria. - Yeah?
- Yeah! - How are you?
289
00:31:13,400 --> 00:31:18,120
All the astronauts
tasked to the International Space Station
290
00:31:18,160 --> 00:31:20,960
must do a training period here
291
00:31:21,000 --> 00:31:25,160
which varies according to
the type of training necessary
292
00:31:25,200 --> 00:31:29,040
and the level
of professionalism required.
293
00:31:32,320 --> 00:31:35,240
You pass from a basic level, "user",
294
00:31:35,280 --> 00:31:37,360
to a middle level, "operator"
295
00:31:37,400 --> 00:31:41,240
and then to a higher level,
"specialist".
296
00:31:41,280 --> 00:31:47,520
Good point! Yeah, good point.
No doubt, yeah. The entrance.
297
00:31:49,120 --> 00:31:53,080
On my first mission, Volare,
in 2013, I was at the "user" level,
298
00:31:53,120 --> 00:31:57,960
so I came only once,
for about a week.
299
00:31:58,000 --> 00:32:03,880
This time, with Expedition 60-61,
I am at the "operator" level.
300
00:32:03,920 --> 00:32:06,880
This is my first week of training,
301
00:32:06,920 --> 00:32:11,720
there will be another
in the second phase of training,
302
00:32:11,760 --> 00:32:14,360
about six months before departure.
303
00:32:16,160 --> 00:32:21,320
There is a mock-up of "kibo",
in the Japanese lab,
304
00:32:21,360 --> 00:32:25,760
the logistics part and the robot arm.
305
00:32:25,800 --> 00:32:27,000
So this is...
306
00:32:27,040 --> 00:32:29,720
Lazy back then.
It's a solution we have...
307
00:32:29,760 --> 00:32:33,680
In the next few days
I will train and use these elements,
308
00:32:33,720 --> 00:32:37,600
both to resolve emergencies
309
00:32:37,640 --> 00:32:42,000
and to do routine work
in the normal phases of utilization.
310
00:32:48,320 --> 00:32:50,840
The Japanese lab "kibo"
311
00:32:50,880 --> 00:32:55,640
is the largest and most modern module
of the International Space Station.
312
00:32:55,680 --> 00:33:00,440
It is very well-lighted, well-made
and has several unique characteristics.
313
00:33:08,720 --> 00:33:12,200
Besides, I've always loved
Japanese cartoons and robots.
314
00:33:14,160 --> 00:33:15,960
Good morning.
315
00:33:28,880 --> 00:33:30,760
- It's fish.
- Yeah.
316
00:33:31,920 --> 00:33:35,200
The sushi train's begun, time to eat.
317
00:34:07,240 --> 00:34:10,920
To know a culture,
you need to identify
318
00:34:10,960 --> 00:34:15,040
with all the phases of a person's life,
319
00:34:15,080 --> 00:34:16,800
including entertainment.
320
00:34:21,760 --> 00:34:27,040
Kenji explained a tradition
for all those who approach the temple.
321
00:34:27,920 --> 00:34:33,240
You're presenting yourself
before the god or gods
322
00:34:33,280 --> 00:34:39,640
and you must purify your hands and mouth
with the pure water of the fountain.
323
00:34:53,600 --> 00:34:56,720
It's a little like fortune cookies,
324
00:34:56,760 --> 00:35:03,800
by making a small offering,
you can fish a note to foresee the future.
325
00:35:03,840 --> 00:35:06,560
Let's see what Kenji-San
reads on my note.
326
00:35:13,120 --> 00:35:16,320
He told me I must
be careful on my travels,
327
00:35:16,360 --> 00:35:18,960
something regarding flames or fire.
328
00:35:19,000 --> 00:35:22,240
So, I'd better prepare
for a fire emergency on board.
329
00:35:29,520 --> 00:35:33,760
Fear is not weakness,
the opposite, in fear courage is shown.
330
00:35:34,560 --> 00:35:38,200
Fear is a tool that allows us to survive.
331
00:36:17,120 --> 00:36:21,440
Baikonur in Kazakhstan
was the world's first launching site.
332
00:36:21,480 --> 00:36:24,920
{\an8}BAIKONUR, KAZAKHSTAN
333
00:36:26,880 --> 00:36:31,920
It was built by the Soviet Union
and is now under Russian administration.
334
00:36:34,200 --> 00:36:36,960
It remained secret for years!
335
00:36:48,880 --> 00:36:52,960
From here departed Sputnik,
the first artificial satellite,
336
00:36:53,000 --> 00:36:55,280
on October 4, 1957.
337
00:36:57,800 --> 00:37:02,640
From here departed
the first manned launch, in 1961.
338
00:37:05,800 --> 00:37:12,240
From here departed the first woman
in space, Valentina Tereshkova, in 1963.
339
00:37:16,840 --> 00:37:21,040
From here I departed
and am about to depart again.
340
00:37:30,520 --> 00:37:35,880
From here departed Laika, the first dog
in space, dying after only a few hours.
341
00:37:40,240 --> 00:37:43,400
The cosmodrome observes strict criteria:
342
00:37:43,440 --> 00:37:48,360
4,163 square miles
in the heart of the Kazakh Steppa,
343
00:37:48,400 --> 00:37:51,480
built in a secret, deserted place.
344
00:39:08,760 --> 00:39:13,520
The Baikonur base is equipped
for the departure of space vehicles
345
00:39:13,560 --> 00:39:16,240
both with or without a human crew.
346
00:40:04,400 --> 00:40:06,160
Although there is
no clear distinction
347
00:40:06,200 --> 00:40:08,120
between the atmosphere and outer space,
348
00:40:08,160 --> 00:40:11,600
there is an imaginary line,
called the Kármán line,
349
00:40:11,640 --> 00:40:14,000
at 62 miles from the surface.
350
00:40:14,040 --> 00:40:19,160
Scientists say the Earth's atmosphere
encounters outer space at that point.
351
00:40:24,120 --> 00:40:29,880
At Baikonur, many traditions
and superstitions are respected.
352
00:40:29,920 --> 00:40:32,760
The blessing of the rocket
is one of these.
353
00:41:03,040 --> 00:41:06,080
This town
was built in the desert
354
00:41:06,120 --> 00:41:09,000
as support for the workers
at the Center.
355
00:41:10,680 --> 00:41:15,840
It attained city status only in 1966.
356
00:41:37,600 --> 00:41:41,800
Here Gagarin spent
his last night before going into space.
357
00:41:41,840 --> 00:41:47,760
They say there was security to prevent escape
due to an eventual reconsideration,
358
00:41:47,800 --> 00:41:50,040
but it never happened.
359
00:41:51,600 --> 00:41:57,200
In the next room were doctors
responsible for checking his health.
360
00:42:23,000 --> 00:42:25,160
Here, the first machines began,
361
00:42:25,200 --> 00:42:27,680
older-generation flight systems,
362
00:42:27,720 --> 00:42:32,080
but solid and functional,
improved launch after launch.
363
00:42:57,680 --> 00:43:00,400
My isolation wing.
364
00:43:13,600 --> 00:43:18,680
I'm climbing the stairs
to the area where the astronauts live
365
00:43:18,720 --> 00:43:21,120
during their quarantine.
366
00:43:21,160 --> 00:43:26,360
This is the common area
we've made into a small snack bar.
367
00:43:26,400 --> 00:43:29,120
It's the first time we've used this area.
368
00:43:30,480 --> 00:43:33,000
Here we can relax
369
00:43:33,040 --> 00:43:37,160
when we're not involved
in lessons or training.
370
00:43:38,840 --> 00:43:41,720
These are our rooms, they're brand new,
371
00:43:41,760 --> 00:43:46,480
they were realized
expressly for my expedition,
372
00:43:46,520 --> 00:43:49,160
my crew and I
were the first to occupy them.
373
00:43:49,200 --> 00:43:52,840
This is my room, number 304.
374
00:43:56,720 --> 00:43:59,840
About twenty days ago
I attained the rank of colonel,
375
00:43:59,880 --> 00:44:05,800
but I couldn't have a ceremony
to validate my promotion in rank.
376
00:44:05,840 --> 00:44:08,440
- Congratulations.
- Thank you.
377
00:44:18,080 --> 00:44:22,520
Whoever leaves Earth from here
must first plant a tree.
378
00:44:23,480 --> 00:44:27,840
To date, there have been 227 of us,
even Gagarin did.
379
00:44:32,400 --> 00:44:36,200
One day,
6 hours and 24 minutes till departure.
380
00:44:45,960 --> 00:44:49,360
This is the last good-bye to my family,
381
00:44:49,400 --> 00:44:54,360
I'm behind the window
and they're here waving to me.
382
00:44:54,400 --> 00:44:55,960
- Hi!
- Hi.
383
00:44:59,000 --> 00:45:01,760
The next time I'll be in my spacesuit.
384
00:45:02,400 --> 00:45:04,520
- Hi.
- Hi!
385
00:45:13,560 --> 00:45:15,680
We've very close to departure.
386
00:45:15,720 --> 00:45:19,160
We're ready,
an entirely new adventure is starting.
387
00:47:29,120 --> 00:47:34,160
{\an8} During the first radio call,
you have to say something more than "hi".
388
00:47:35,360 --> 00:47:39,080
{\an8}You can even say, "Hi Dad".
That would be good.
389
00:47:40,960 --> 00:47:43,360
{\an8}The boots are Prada.
390
00:47:47,600 --> 00:47:50,640
{\an8}These boots are not made for walking.
391
00:47:53,000 --> 00:47:55,480
{\an8}They are like size 55.
392
00:47:56,120 --> 00:47:59,080
Cause they go on top of the spacesuit.
393
00:47:59,120 --> 00:48:06,720
And we only use them once, from here to the bus
and from the bus to the rocket. And that's it.
394
00:48:07,480 --> 00:48:08,480
So...
395
00:48:37,520 --> 00:48:38,800
Go for it!
396
00:48:38,840 --> 00:48:41,320
Great Luca! Go Luca!
397
00:49:11,960 --> 00:49:15,280
It's a moment
of great emotion for everyone.
398
00:49:15,320 --> 00:49:19,080
Maybe the greatest emotion
is that of a father
399
00:49:19,120 --> 00:49:22,520
who cannot hug his daughters.
400
00:49:49,840 --> 00:49:53,600
I was the first Italian
to walk in space.
401
00:49:53,640 --> 00:49:55,760
To date, I hold the European record:
402
00:49:55,800 --> 00:49:59,560
33 hours and 9 minutes of space walk.
403
00:50:08,600 --> 00:50:11,880
I'm the only one to have done
a concert from space
404
00:50:11,920 --> 00:50:15,520
and to have played records
for a party above Earth.
405
00:50:19,800 --> 00:50:24,520
Under my command there was
the first Arab astronaut in orbit.
406
00:50:28,000 --> 00:50:33,280
Under my command there was
the first space walk made solely by women.
407
00:50:33,320 --> 00:50:36,800
October 18 will remain in history.
408
00:50:44,640 --> 00:50:48,920
I hold the record
for European extra-vehicular activity, six.
409
00:51:11,360 --> 00:51:16,640
Space is the metaphor
of a story of successes and hard work,
410
00:51:16,680 --> 00:51:20,560
the symbol of humanity's desire
to exceed itself.
411
00:51:20,600 --> 00:51:24,120
The world must go on,
412
00:51:24,160 --> 00:51:26,200
it must go beyond.
413
00:51:34,480 --> 00:51:36,720
Commander Parmitano
is an extraordinary person.
414
00:51:36,760 --> 00:51:37,960
Hi, ya all!
415
00:51:38,000 --> 00:51:40,760
Parmitano for Italians
416
00:51:40,800 --> 00:51:43,480
is a wonderful example.
417
00:51:43,520 --> 00:51:46,720
# Clappin' hands,
dancin' people in the stands. #
418
00:51:46,760 --> 00:51:50,480
I'd never heard of
a singing astronaut.
419
00:51:50,520 --> 00:51:51,720
But he kept perfect time.
420
00:51:51,760 --> 00:51:55,800
# I don't get bored,
no I don't get bored... #
421
00:51:55,840 --> 00:52:00,320
There are women you can't dance with.
What about sex in orbit?
33601
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