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The shale deposits that lie
beneath 34 states
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harbor large reserves of natural gas.
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00:00:07,025 --> 00:00:09,943
Energy companies are digging
wells across the country
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00:00:10,070 --> 00:00:12,488
in hoping to revolutionize
our energy consumption.
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00:00:12,614 --> 00:00:16,617
There's also growing concern over
one way they drill for natural gas.
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00:00:16,785 --> 00:00:18,494
It's something called "fracking."
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The high-pressure pumping
of water and chemicals
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deep into the earth
to release oil and gas.
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It's been implicated
with water contamination,
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00:00:25,667 --> 00:00:26,947
air pollution, health effects...
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00:00:27,002 --> 00:00:30,838
Now the debate has a new concern.
The process may trigger earthquakes.
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00:00:31,006 --> 00:00:34,008
You put a match to your water
and it went up in flames?
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We are in Copenhagen for the United
Nations Climate Change Conference.
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My name is Phelim McAleer.
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I'm an investigative journalist
and I love it.
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If you don't shut that off
I'm gonna take it away from you.
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00:00:52,611 --> 00:00:55,613
Asking the powerful
difficult questions is a great job.
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Mr. Gore, will you
correct the record?
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I wouldn't do anything else.
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I was a reporter in Northern lreland
during the Troubles,
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and later worked for
the UK Sunday Times,
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and then The Financial Times
and The Economist.
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Fracking is a huge story
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because most people believed we
were running out of fossil fuels.
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But it turns out most people
were wrong.
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We came up with a way to tap
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previously inaccessible oil
and gas from shale rock.
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In terms of a newfound source
of energy for the globe,
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this discovery that gas shales
can be productive
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is probably one of the most
important step increases
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in the amount of energy
available to the world
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that's happened
in a long, long time.
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It's just absolutely huge.
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The combination
of horizontal drilling
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and hydraulic fracturing
has allowed the world now finally
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to unlock huge quantities
of hydrocarbons
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and provide cheap,
abundant, reliable energy
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to not just millions of people, but
potentially to billions of people.
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00:02:01,344 --> 00:02:05,890
But despite all this good news,
fracking is controversial,
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mostly because of this man.
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00:02:08,268 --> 00:02:10,935
Josh Fox is a journalist
and filmmaker.
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According to Gasland, his
Oscar-nominated documentary,
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which also won an Emmy,
fracking is a complete disaster.
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It's polluting water and causing
serious illnesses and deaths.
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And, in the most famous scene
in Gasland,
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people's tap water
bursts into flames.
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Whoa! Jesus Christ!
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Because of these claims,
fracking has been banned in many places,
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from Pennsylvania and New York
to France and Bulgaria.
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00:02:40,549 --> 00:02:43,051
But it took me only five minutes
on the internet
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to discover this claim of flammable
water was very questionable.
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I went to a screening of
Gasland in Chicago
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to ask Josh Fox about it.
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Excuse me, this is...
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Not relevant? Josh Fox,
the director of Gasland,
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knew that one of the most
dramatic scenes in his documentary
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probably had nothing to do
with fracking,
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but decided not to tell his audience.
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00:04:08,467 --> 00:04:11,303
So I put the exchange on YouTube.
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But before you could say
"flaming faucets,"
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Josh Fox got his lawyers
to force YouTube to take it down.
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I put it on another website,
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but using a bogus copyright claim,
he shut me down again.
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This was censorship.
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00:04:25,735 --> 00:04:29,362
What was Josh Fox afraid of?
What was he trying to hide?
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I needed to investigate.
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I decided to ask the public
to help me make a film
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that would tell the true story
about fracking.
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I went on the crowdfunding
website Kickstarter.
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Folks with big ideas
but not a lot of money
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connect with people
willing to fund them
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for everything from documentary films
to new technology.
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Creators post a video,
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pitching an idea,
and ask for donations.
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Anyone who likes it can give as much
money or as little as they want.
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This is a film about people
and it will be funded by people.
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It'll be funded by small donations
from you and people like you
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who care about the truth.
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00:05:06,733 --> 00:05:08,692
The response was amazing.
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People from all over the world
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were sending in $5.00,
$10.00, $20.00.
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In the end, well over
3,000 people chipped in.
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Clearly, the truth about fracking
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is something they wanted
but weren't getting.
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I went straight to the place
that has been painted
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as the ultimate environmental
wasteland caused by fracking.
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In tiny Dimock, Pennsylvania,
there is trouble just below the surface.
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Methane in some of the water wells,
enough for ignition at the tap,
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made famous by a scene from
the documentary Gasland...
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As I drove around,
I could see no wasteland.
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I did see beautiful farmland
with rolling hills.
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Were people here
as unhappy about fracking
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as the media and Josh Fox claimed?
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There was the guy that knocked at
the door, knocked on Esther's door.
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Well, one day,
a land man knocked at our door.
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00:06:01,536 --> 00:06:03,787
A station wagon came down
the driveway that I didn't recognize,
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00:06:03,913 --> 00:06:06,707
and a gentleman came out
and presented us
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with a proposed lease
for the property.
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My grandfather has leased
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when other companies have
come along in the past
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so we just thought, Grandpa
would have done it, why can't we?
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More than a dozen families
in Dimock, Pennsylvania
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have water that looks like this.
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The water came out looking
like coffee with milk in it.
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Sautner says their water supply
became contaminated
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when Cabot Oil Company
started drilling
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and something got
into their well water.
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Our son broke out
in open sores down his legs
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from using the water here.
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Our daughter had big sores of...
eczema? Is that what it's called?
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We shouldn't have to live
like this. We're Americans.
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We knew we had iron, manganese,
magnesium, aluminum,
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chloride, sodium, strontium,
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00:06:54,629 --> 00:06:59,133
barium, three different
types of uranium,
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two of them are weapons-grade.
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00:07:01,552 --> 00:07:04,053
And a host of other chemicals,
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00:07:04,180 --> 00:07:06,639
some I can't even pronounce
the names of them.
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The state agency ordered Cabot
to stop drilling new wells,
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and to deliver fresh water
to affected residents.
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00:07:13,606 --> 00:07:16,775
The Pennsylvania Department
of Environmental Protection
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introduced a moratorium, a ban,
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until they could study
the situation.
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This meant no drilling by Cabot
in a nine-mile box around Dimock.
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So it just put a kibosh
on everything.
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We were 13 days out
from having a permit
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where they actually could
come in and start drilling,
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and all of a sudden
they couldn't do anything.
128
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But Cabot, they put methane
in the water.
129
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They polluted the water.
130
00:07:42,801 --> 00:07:44,301
- No.
- Allegedly.
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Yeah.
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The next residence here
is Craig and Julie Sautner,
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who have all kinds of claims of all
kinds of chemical contamination,
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weapons-grade uranium, etc., etc.
In their well.
135
00:07:57,732 --> 00:08:01,276
But they've never shown
any lab data to verify it.
136
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They just claim it.
137
00:08:03,571 --> 00:08:07,658
Meanwhile, every well around them
is active and online.
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00:08:08,201 --> 00:08:12,079
I began to suspect that Craig
Sautner's claims about contaminants,
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including weapons-grade
uranium in his water,
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00:08:15,207 --> 00:08:18,543
were greatly exaggerated,
or maybe even false.
141
00:08:18,669 --> 00:08:21,045
Have you done
independent testing yourself?
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We did, way back, you know,
maybe two years ago.
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Two years ago
we did some testing.
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But that, you know, I don't think
we've done any testing since that.
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- Independent, you know.
- And what did that show?
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I can't remember what that showed.
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They said, they said the test results
weren't that bad,
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but I don't know if the guy
was testing the water,
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you know, testing
for the right things.
150
00:08:44,069 --> 00:08:45,910
See, there's some kind of,
they gotta test 'em,
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test it a certain way,
I forget how they said it,
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but it was, uh...
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I don't know how,
I don't know how they do it.
154
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Can I get a sample of your water
to take to lreland?
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Yeah, I'll give you a jug.
I got jugs out in the...
156
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But the water now?
157
00:09:00,042 --> 00:09:01,084
I don't know what
it looks like today.
158
00:09:01,210 --> 00:09:03,253
I mean, she said
it wasn't looking as bad today.
159
00:09:03,379 --> 00:09:07,382
I mean, I got some, you know,
it changes from day to day.
160
00:09:07,550 --> 00:09:10,635
One day it will be clearer,
and the next day it won't.
161
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And Craig Sautner,
who claims his water is muddy brown
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because of fracking,
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was only able to produce clear water
when asked in front of a camera.
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It does change, you know,
from one day to the next.
165
00:09:21,814 --> 00:09:23,899
So how can you trust a well?
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You know, all of a sudden
you get, say,
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"Well, that looks okay but it does
have a little bit of stuff in there."
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Say, well, then
that's fine to use,
169
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and then the next day
it comes out looking like this.
170
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It's not due to the drilling.
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00:09:34,743 --> 00:09:37,536
There's always been methane
in the water here.
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00:09:37,662 --> 00:09:40,664
We grew up on the farm,
on the house down here,
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and, you know, my grandfather
drilled a well in 1945.
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The day he drilled the well,
there was methane in it.
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00:09:47,756 --> 00:09:51,592
I'll show you where the well is,
that was drilled in '45.
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- What's that?
- That is the well.
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- And do you still use it?
- The only thing we use it for
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is washing the cars
or watering the garden.
179
00:10:01,102 --> 00:10:03,436
Because it is so red with iron.
180
00:10:03,604 --> 00:10:06,606
It has methane too,
but the methane don't hurt you.
181
00:10:06,774 --> 00:10:08,816
It's the iron turns everything red.
182
00:10:08,943 --> 00:10:12,403
So, what's this then?
183
00:10:12,529 --> 00:10:16,908
This is the second well
that we drilled, in the 70s.
184
00:10:17,076 --> 00:10:21,204
- And what's in that well?
- Methane.
185
00:10:22,623 --> 00:10:24,832
Iron.
186
00:10:24,959 --> 00:10:27,001
Sulfur.
187
00:10:27,127 --> 00:10:30,588
We still use it.
No problems.
188
00:10:30,756 --> 00:10:33,967
But the moratorium
was not going to be the only problem
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00:10:34,134 --> 00:10:35,343
for the people of Dimock.
190
00:10:35,511 --> 00:10:37,971
Now they were going to be
served with a massive bill
191
00:10:38,138 --> 00:10:40,681
for a pipeline that was
supposed to solve a problem
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00:10:40,807 --> 00:10:42,766
that they knew did not exist.
193
00:10:42,976 --> 00:10:45,394
The Pennsylvania infrastructure
investment Authority
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00:10:45,520 --> 00:10:48,105
voted Tuesday
on a controversial project.
195
00:10:48,272 --> 00:10:51,650
They decided to give $12 million
to build a water pipeline
196
00:10:51,818 --> 00:10:53,735
between Montrose and Dimock.
197
00:10:53,861 --> 00:10:57,406
It was a fiat. it was simply,
"This is what we are going to do".
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00:10:57,615 --> 00:11:01,368
We reacted in anger.
We were citizens of this community,
199
00:11:01,494 --> 00:11:05,455
and you don't expect to have
$12 million of the state's money
200
00:11:05,581 --> 00:11:08,291
committed to a project that
may or may not make any sense,
201
00:11:08,418 --> 00:11:09,668
that hasn't been researched,
202
00:11:09,794 --> 00:11:11,378
that alternatives haven't
been considered for.
203
00:11:11,546 --> 00:11:14,673
So we all got together and formed
a group called "Enough Already"
204
00:11:14,799 --> 00:11:16,674
because we had
had enough already.
205
00:11:16,800 --> 00:11:18,641
It was just a group of
people that got together
206
00:11:18,677 --> 00:11:23,180
and said, "Look, this is ridiculous."
We've had enough. Enough already.
207
00:11:23,348 --> 00:11:25,725
After we had a couple
of meetings,
208
00:11:25,892 --> 00:11:30,938
we decided to get a petition around
and have everybody sign it.
209
00:11:31,064 --> 00:11:33,607
We had over 1,500 signatures.
210
00:11:33,775 --> 00:11:38,237
The water line issue has split this
tiny rural Susquehanna County town,
211
00:11:38,363 --> 00:11:39,447
and quite literally.
212
00:11:39,573 --> 00:11:42,283
- ...you!
- We had to do something.
213
00:11:42,451 --> 00:11:45,202
We just didn't like being
trashed all the time.
214
00:11:45,370 --> 00:11:48,205
Dimock is not a wasteland,
it's not a gasland.
215
00:11:48,373 --> 00:11:50,041
It's not a ghost town.
216
00:11:50,167 --> 00:11:51,875
We're tired of getting
on the internet
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00:11:52,043 --> 00:11:56,046
and reading blogs where
people are just lying, saying,
218
00:11:56,213 --> 00:11:59,340
"I drove into Dimock
and I immediately got sick
219
00:11:59,508 --> 00:12:00,508
from breathing the air."
220
00:12:00,676 --> 00:12:04,971
We have been the victims
of a continual deluge
221
00:12:05,097 --> 00:12:07,182
of completely inaccurate reporting
222
00:12:07,308 --> 00:12:09,726
about the condition of
the water in this community.
223
00:12:09,894 --> 00:12:12,228
It seemed the voices
of the ordinary people in Dimock
224
00:12:12,396 --> 00:12:15,982
who were saying their water was fine
weren't being heard.
225
00:12:16,108 --> 00:12:17,609
It wasn't hard to see why.
226
00:12:17,985 --> 00:12:21,321
Josh Fox was getting huge support
from Hollywood celebrities.
227
00:12:21,447 --> 00:12:23,114
Some even came to Dimock.
228
00:12:23,240 --> 00:12:26,659
Dimock, we made it,
we're here, we come in love.
229
00:12:26,786 --> 00:12:29,161
People are fractured.
We're all fractured over this.
230
00:12:29,329 --> 00:12:31,872
The locals
didn't stand a chance.
231
00:12:31,998 --> 00:12:35,209
There's a common
misconception out there
232
00:12:35,335 --> 00:12:38,462
that the Dimock community
is fighting the gas company.
233
00:12:38,588 --> 00:12:41,340
The Dimock community loves Cabot.
234
00:12:41,508 --> 00:12:45,594
There's 11 litigants and a few other
stray oddballs here and there
235
00:12:45,762 --> 00:12:47,346
that are fighting them.
236
00:12:47,514 --> 00:12:51,642
The rest of us, we want drilling
to proceed as normal,
237
00:12:51,768 --> 00:12:54,478
and beef up our economy,
and create jobs.
238
00:12:54,938 --> 00:12:57,815
It's our right
to make our voices known.
239
00:12:57,941 --> 00:13:00,984
And apparently we did.
240
00:13:01,111 --> 00:13:03,529
- The water line got stopped.
- The water line got stopped.
241
00:13:03,947 --> 00:13:06,906
It was a big win
for this grassroots organization.
242
00:13:07,074 --> 00:13:09,200
But their fight wasn't over.
243
00:13:09,952 --> 00:13:13,913
The moratorium was still in place and
the Sautners and ten other families
244
00:13:14,039 --> 00:13:16,040
were still suing the gas company.
245
00:13:16,834 --> 00:13:19,502
As for the rest of
the citizens of Dimock,
246
00:13:19,670 --> 00:13:24,006
well, their lives were on hold.
Was this justified?
247
00:13:26,468 --> 00:13:29,220
I'm Bryan Swistock.
I'm a water resources specialist
248
00:13:29,346 --> 00:13:32,014
here at Penn State
in the School of Forest Resources.
249
00:13:32,141 --> 00:13:34,142
I work for a cooperative extension,
250
00:13:34,309 --> 00:13:37,645
do education, outreach
and applied research projects.
251
00:13:37,813 --> 00:13:40,565
Specifically, in this case,
we were doing a research project
252
00:13:40,690 --> 00:13:43,650
looking at the potential impacts
of Marcellus shale
253
00:13:43,818 --> 00:13:45,569
on private drinking water supplies.
254
00:13:45,736 --> 00:13:49,656
In summary, our study really
did not see any clear changes
255
00:13:49,782 --> 00:13:52,200
in water quality
due to hydraulic fracturing.
256
00:13:52,326 --> 00:13:54,953
We didn't see any increases
in methane in water
257
00:13:55,079 --> 00:13:57,164
as a result of the process.
258
00:13:57,331 --> 00:13:58,665
What about the flaming faucets?
259
00:13:58,833 --> 00:14:02,335
Sure. Yeah, there can
be many natural sources of methane,
260
00:14:02,461 --> 00:14:04,212
and it's not really anything new.
261
00:14:04,338 --> 00:14:06,965
You can have methane in water
for a variety of reasons.
262
00:14:07,133 --> 00:14:08,967
It can be what's called
biogenic methane,
263
00:14:09,135 --> 00:14:12,762
which is naturally occurring,
just due to natural decomposition.
264
00:14:12,889 --> 00:14:14,681
Maybe you're located
next to a stream
265
00:14:14,849 --> 00:14:17,641
where there's been a lot of organic
matter decomposing over time.
266
00:14:17,809 --> 00:14:21,979
We had some people that told stories
of lighting their faucets on fire
267
00:14:22,105 --> 00:14:25,357
for years now, well before
any of this drilling started.
268
00:14:27,235 --> 00:14:28,903
A flaming fountain,
269
00:14:29,029 --> 00:14:32,031
the most unusual
artesian well in the country.
270
00:14:32,157 --> 00:14:34,742
Forty years ago, a well was dug
in the front of the courthouse
271
00:14:34,951 --> 00:14:36,827
at Colfax, Louisiana.
272
00:14:37,078 --> 00:14:39,872
At 600 feet, they struck natural gas.
273
00:14:40,040 --> 00:14:42,208
And at 1,100 feet, salt water.
274
00:14:42,375 --> 00:14:45,669
More or less discouraged over
the matter of a drinking fountain
275
00:14:45,837 --> 00:14:49,089
for the courthouse square,
they fixed up a small bathing pool
276
00:14:49,257 --> 00:14:51,217
for children at the base
of the fountain,
277
00:14:51,384 --> 00:14:53,302
and touched off the escaping gas.
278
00:14:58,474 --> 00:15:00,558
The result, especially at night,
279
00:15:00,684 --> 00:15:03,269
is a fiery fountain of strange beauty
280
00:15:03,395 --> 00:15:06,940
that has burned on and on
almost half a century.
281
00:15:09,652 --> 00:15:13,363
There are even towns
across America called Burning Springs.
282
00:15:13,489 --> 00:15:15,031
That's how much gas is out there.
283
00:15:15,157 --> 00:15:17,867
And George Washington
and Thomas Paine
284
00:15:18,035 --> 00:15:20,370
lit the water on the Millstone River
in New Jersey
285
00:15:20,537 --> 00:15:23,414
on December 15th, 1798,
286
00:15:23,540 --> 00:15:27,210
150 years before fracking
even started.
287
00:15:27,378 --> 00:15:29,545
So, what is fracking?
288
00:15:29,672 --> 00:15:31,672
Fracking is a very efficient way
289
00:15:31,798 --> 00:15:34,758
of getting oil and natural gas
out of the ground.
290
00:15:34,926 --> 00:15:38,262
Activists make it seem like
fracking is something very new
291
00:15:38,388 --> 00:15:40,597
that we know little about.
It's not.
292
00:15:40,765 --> 00:15:43,267
It's been around since 1947
293
00:15:43,393 --> 00:15:46,520
when the first frack well
was drilled in Kansas.
294
00:15:46,646 --> 00:15:48,772
And this is what it looks like.
295
00:15:48,940 --> 00:15:52,567
A pipe is drilled into the
earth more than a mile down,
296
00:15:52,694 --> 00:15:56,571
about the length of 200 school buses
parked end to end.
297
00:15:56,698 --> 00:15:59,908
And that is very far away
from the water table.
298
00:16:00,034 --> 00:16:02,286
To keep the water going down
299
00:16:02,412 --> 00:16:05,747
and the gas going up inside
the pipe, and everything else,
300
00:16:05,873 --> 00:16:10,167
outside the pipe there is layer
after layer of steel and cement.
301
00:16:11,503 --> 00:16:13,170
What's new is that before,
302
00:16:13,297 --> 00:16:15,840
every time geologists
discovered oil and gas,
303
00:16:15,966 --> 00:16:18,509
they had to drill
right there to get it.
304
00:16:18,635 --> 00:16:22,138
So there were lots of holes
in the ground.
305
00:16:24,975 --> 00:16:28,311
But then someone who is much better
at math and science than me
306
00:16:28,437 --> 00:16:30,271
thought up how to angle
the drilling bit
307
00:16:30,397 --> 00:16:33,566
so it goes not only down,
but sideways.
308
00:16:33,734 --> 00:16:37,236
Now the engineers did not have to
drill directly above their target,
309
00:16:37,404 --> 00:16:39,780
so they could,
often together with farmers,
310
00:16:39,948 --> 00:16:41,907
choose where to put the gas wells.
311
00:16:42,117 --> 00:16:45,493
And from one pad they could
drill in many different directions.
312
00:16:45,619 --> 00:16:48,955
So suddenly there were far
fewer drilling sites around.
313
00:16:49,123 --> 00:16:52,500
Then, deep underground, water
and sand with chemical additives
314
00:16:52,626 --> 00:16:57,172
are pushed out to open tiny cracks
in the rock to set the gas free.
315
00:16:58,382 --> 00:17:00,967
And then the engineers
bring back the hills,
316
00:17:01,093 --> 00:17:05,013
grass and animals around the well.
It's called "reclamation."
317
00:17:05,139 --> 00:17:08,683
And from then on, the gas can flow up
the pipes, into people's homes
318
00:17:08,809 --> 00:17:12,520
for another 20, 30, or even 40 years.
319
00:17:15,232 --> 00:17:18,526
This is not new technology.
Fracturing has been going on here
320
00:17:18,694 --> 00:17:21,403
continuously since
its inception 60 years ago.
321
00:17:21,529 --> 00:17:23,449
The equipment's the same,
the pumps are the same,
322
00:17:23,531 --> 00:17:25,115
the iron's the same,
the standards are the same.
323
00:17:25,241 --> 00:17:27,826
What's different is what
we are fracking is shale.
324
00:17:27,952 --> 00:17:30,245
It's the formation, it's not
the process that's different.
325
00:17:30,372 --> 00:17:33,415
These guys have many years
of experience doing this.
326
00:17:33,541 --> 00:17:36,418
Anyone on this location has
the ability to shut down this job.
327
00:17:36,586 --> 00:17:38,387
If they see something
that they see as unsafe,
328
00:17:38,505 --> 00:17:40,214
they can shut down this job.
329
00:17:40,298 --> 00:17:43,634
So if I was to leave here and jump
on top of one of those tanks...
330
00:17:43,760 --> 00:17:46,428
We would shut this job down
in a heartbeat, yeah.
331
00:17:46,638 --> 00:17:50,140
I've been working in
Pennsylvania since 2008,
332
00:17:50,308 --> 00:17:53,519
so I've been here three years.
333
00:17:53,686 --> 00:17:56,396
We've been married 19 years,
and we've moved 22 times.
334
00:17:56,563 --> 00:17:59,399
And now we just recently
moved back to Pennsylvania.
335
00:17:59,566 --> 00:18:01,859
Tony grew up in
Chambersburg, Pennsylvania,
336
00:18:02,027 --> 00:18:05,780
and we both attended Penn State.
Two of our children were born here.
337
00:18:05,906 --> 00:18:08,533
So we call this home.
We love it here.
338
00:18:08,659 --> 00:18:10,827
This is a beautiful place to live.
339
00:18:10,953 --> 00:18:15,790
So why would we come in here
and want to purposely destroy that?
340
00:18:15,916 --> 00:18:18,751
What is the benefit to us? What kind
of business sense does it make
341
00:18:18,919 --> 00:18:22,338
to come in and try to pollute
the drinking water of an area?
342
00:18:22,464 --> 00:18:24,340
It's ludicrous.
It's a ludicrous claim.
343
00:18:25,801 --> 00:18:28,344
What do you think
the popular perception of fracking is?
344
00:18:28,846 --> 00:18:31,097
First of all, the perception
that they're getting
345
00:18:31,265 --> 00:18:33,390
about fracturing is the entire
drilling completions
346
00:18:33,516 --> 00:18:38,228
and production process is fracking,
which is totally not the case.
347
00:18:38,354 --> 00:18:42,274
Fracking is one part
of a much bigger process,
348
00:18:42,400 --> 00:18:47,737
and it's three days in the life
of a well that's gonna last 40 years.
349
00:18:48,698 --> 00:18:52,284
But what about the claim
that fracking is completely unregulated?
350
00:18:52,410 --> 00:18:55,370
Environmentalists say
that the 2005 Energy Bill
351
00:18:55,496 --> 00:18:57,664
removed all regulation
from fracking
352
00:18:57,790 --> 00:18:59,875
and left the public unprotected.
353
00:19:00,251 --> 00:19:04,254
"The Halliburton Loophole."
354
00:19:04,422 --> 00:19:07,841
But that wasn't true.
Oil and gas drilling always has,
355
00:19:08,009 --> 00:19:13,345
for over 100 years, been heavily
regulated by individual states.
356
00:19:13,472 --> 00:19:15,556
The permit's just
to construct the well,
357
00:19:15,682 --> 00:19:20,352
include conducting
a PNDI search, an ESEGP1.
358
00:19:20,520 --> 00:19:24,982
You have to test water purveyors
within 1,000 feet of the location,
359
00:19:25,108 --> 00:19:28,027
township approvals,
pre-construction and pre-drill.
360
00:19:28,153 --> 00:19:30,362
We screen for cultural resources,
361
00:19:30,489 --> 00:19:33,908
we find anything we have to do.
Phase one and phase two.
362
00:19:34,034 --> 00:19:37,077
Survey the location,
stream crossing permits,
363
00:19:37,204 --> 00:19:39,663
water management planning.
That would include a study
364
00:19:39,831 --> 00:19:41,957
of the impact of habitats of fish.
365
00:19:42,083 --> 00:19:43,375
For any impoundments
you're gonna build,
366
00:19:43,543 --> 00:19:45,460
you're gonna need
another ESEGP1.
367
00:19:45,586 --> 00:19:48,129
You're gonna need a dam permit
for any pipelines,
368
00:19:48,297 --> 00:19:51,633
any compression, any processing
that you're gonna need.
369
00:19:51,759 --> 00:19:53,259
You're gonna need all those
same permits as well.
370
00:19:53,344 --> 00:19:58,348
ESEGP1, PNDI, cultural resources,
an emissions permit as well.
371
00:19:58,516 --> 00:20:01,518
And then there's the drilling permit
itself that you have to apply for,
372
00:20:01,644 --> 00:20:04,562
and that's the only one that's really
concerned about the well.
373
00:20:04,730 --> 00:20:06,272
So there's numerous permits
that you have to get,
374
00:20:06,440 --> 00:20:08,066
all in advance before
doing anything.
375
00:20:08,234 --> 00:20:12,904
So our planning cycle is anywhere
from two to three years
376
00:20:13,030 --> 00:20:17,200
in advance of doing any kind
of drilling or completions.
377
00:20:17,368 --> 00:20:20,286
The 2005 bill
didn't create any loophole.
378
00:20:20,412 --> 00:20:22,955
It just kept a huge number
of regulations
379
00:20:23,122 --> 00:20:25,791
where they've always been,
at the state level.
380
00:20:25,959 --> 00:20:30,587
The bill was passed after Republicans
and Democrats supported it.
381
00:20:30,755 --> 00:20:34,383
Even Senator Barack Obama
voted for the legislation.
382
00:20:36,803 --> 00:20:40,222
Just over the hill from Dimock
is the town of Montrose.
383
00:20:40,390 --> 00:20:42,391
There's no moratorium there.
384
00:20:42,559 --> 00:20:46,103
Ron White leased his land
for drilling a few years ago,
385
00:20:46,312 --> 00:20:48,855
and lives right beside
an active gas well.
386
00:20:49,357 --> 00:20:54,111
So where are we now?
What are we sitting in?
387
00:20:54,237 --> 00:20:57,614
- We're sitting on the gas pad.
- That's your farm there?
388
00:20:57,739 --> 00:20:59,824
That's my farm up there, yep.
389
00:20:59,950 --> 00:21:03,411
And so it's just a few hundred yards
from your farm.
390
00:21:03,579 --> 00:21:07,331
400 yards. 1200 feet.
391
00:21:07,457 --> 00:21:09,959
- How do you feel about that?
- I feel good about that.
392
00:21:10,085 --> 00:21:13,004
I can stand at the barn every day
and see what's making money out here.
393
00:21:13,171 --> 00:21:15,548
The dairy industry isn't
too good right now.
394
00:21:15,674 --> 00:21:17,800
Since the gas came along,
this is the best cow on the farm.
395
00:21:17,926 --> 00:21:20,928
I make the most money on this cow and
don't have to buy any grain for her.
396
00:21:24,474 --> 00:21:27,810
It's made things a lot better.
When a tractor breaks or something,
397
00:21:27,936 --> 00:21:30,563
now I don't have to wonder what
I'm gonna do to be able to pay
398
00:21:30,731 --> 00:21:32,565
for a new motor or something.
399
00:21:32,691 --> 00:21:35,233
And we've been able to buy
some newer equipment
400
00:21:35,401 --> 00:21:37,152
to make things a lot easier.
401
00:21:37,320 --> 00:21:40,238
If it wasn't for the natural gas,
we wouldn't still be farming.
402
00:21:40,656 --> 00:21:42,949
Milking cows twice a day,
doing what we love,
403
00:21:43,117 --> 00:21:44,659
it'd be a whole different
ball game, and chances are
404
00:21:44,785 --> 00:21:46,911
I probably wouldn't be
on the farm still.
405
00:21:48,205 --> 00:21:50,498
Everything they told us
was gonna happen has happened.
406
00:21:50,583 --> 00:21:53,793
It might not have happened
exactly or on the same timeline,
407
00:21:53,919 --> 00:21:56,755
but it's happened.
Nothing's happened that's bad.
408
00:21:56,881 --> 00:21:59,716
I can't say a bad thing about it.
409
00:21:59,842 --> 00:22:03,303
- Come on. What about your water?
- Nothing with the water.
410
00:22:03,471 --> 00:22:06,473
They tested our water
before they done anything.
411
00:22:06,641 --> 00:22:10,185
They've tested our water twice after
they've done what they've done,
412
00:22:10,311 --> 00:22:12,978
and the levels of anything
in the water are no different
413
00:22:13,146 --> 00:22:14,647
than they were before.
414
00:22:14,814 --> 00:22:16,774
My cows are drinking the water
out of our pond up there,
415
00:22:16,900 --> 00:22:19,818
and out of the spring out here, and
we're drinking water out of our wells
416
00:22:19,944 --> 00:22:21,654
and it's no different
than it ever was.
417
00:22:27,160 --> 00:22:31,830
A lot of the fracas about fracking
started in the Delaware River Basin.
418
00:22:31,998 --> 00:22:33,832
Josh Fox says he lives there
419
00:22:33,958 --> 00:22:36,877
and was offered a large sum
of money to lease his property.
420
00:22:37,837 --> 00:22:41,423
This started him on his
crusade to ban fracking.
421
00:22:41,591 --> 00:22:45,969
I wanted to hear the story
from the farmers who lived there.
422
00:22:46,137 --> 00:22:48,346
You're gonna grab a hold of
my shoulders. There you go.
423
00:22:48,472 --> 00:22:50,348
Hop on like you're
getting on a horse.
424
00:22:50,516 --> 00:22:53,267
- I've never been on a horse.
- Have you been on a four-wheeler?
425
00:22:53,394 --> 00:22:54,519
No, never.
426
00:22:54,687 --> 00:22:56,020
This your first time
on a four-wheeler too?
427
00:22:56,146 --> 00:22:57,730
- Yeah.
428
00:22:59,441 --> 00:23:04,278
This farm was part of the
Schweighofer family for generations.
429
00:23:04,446 --> 00:23:08,032
My children are actually
the seventh generation.
430
00:23:08,200 --> 00:23:10,034
This is where we live,
431
00:23:10,160 --> 00:23:13,871
and the only way that we
make a living is by farming.
432
00:23:14,039 --> 00:23:16,582
Out of the nursery!
Out of the nursery!
433
00:23:17,084 --> 00:23:18,960
Scare 'em. Scare 'em.
434
00:23:19,128 --> 00:23:23,672
Early in 2007, the land man came
435
00:23:23,798 --> 00:23:26,383
to Wayne County and
began knocking on doors.
436
00:23:26,551 --> 00:23:29,094
I first phoned Marion
and Ed Schweighofer
437
00:23:29,262 --> 00:23:31,179
to see what their
thoughts were onto it,
438
00:23:31,347 --> 00:23:35,559
and we decided, yeah,
that was a good idea to get together.
439
00:23:35,727 --> 00:23:38,019
So then we invited other people
440
00:23:38,146 --> 00:23:40,147
and we had another meeting
441
00:23:40,314 --> 00:23:43,650
at the Damascus Township building,
442
00:23:43,776 --> 00:23:45,235
and had quite a crowd there.
443
00:23:45,361 --> 00:23:47,571
It must have been...
it was jam-packed.
444
00:23:47,739 --> 00:23:50,824
You couldn't get another
person in there, I don't think,
445
00:23:50,950 --> 00:23:52,710
'cause everybody was
interested by this time.
446
00:23:52,827 --> 00:23:54,786
In the process we
formed an organization
447
00:23:54,912 --> 00:23:56,955
called the Northern Wayne
Property Owners Alliance.
448
00:23:57,081 --> 00:24:00,166
It's a loose consortium of around
449
00:24:00,417 --> 00:24:03,753
1100 property owners
450
00:24:03,879 --> 00:24:06,756
who in aggregate own,
451
00:24:06,923 --> 00:24:11,093
control, well over
100,000 acres of property.
452
00:24:15,849 --> 00:24:17,933
One of our biggest things
right from the start
453
00:24:18,101 --> 00:24:19,852
was we wanted it to be safe.
454
00:24:20,020 --> 00:24:23,355
We wanted them to drill,
but we wanted them to drill safe.
455
00:24:23,523 --> 00:24:26,400
As agriculture people and farmers,
456
00:24:26,568 --> 00:24:28,694
we took time to really look
into this.
457
00:24:28,862 --> 00:24:33,032
One of our most precious commodities
is water when you're on a farm.
458
00:24:33,158 --> 00:24:34,784
Everything from making
a gallon of milk
459
00:24:34,910 --> 00:24:36,951
to growing a tomato takes water.
460
00:24:37,119 --> 00:24:39,746
If the gas companies
came in and destroyed our water
461
00:24:39,914 --> 00:24:40,914
and destroyed our land,
462
00:24:41,081 --> 00:24:42,961
all the money in the world
wouldn't be worth it.
463
00:24:43,000 --> 00:24:46,211
Working together,
the farmers designed their own lease,
464
00:24:46,337 --> 00:24:48,922
and after negotiations,
signed with the gas company.
465
00:24:49,089 --> 00:24:51,800
Farmers and the gas industry
466
00:24:51,926 --> 00:24:54,594
can coexist very well together.
467
00:24:54,720 --> 00:24:56,679
It's not a new industry
for farmers
468
00:24:56,847 --> 00:24:59,849
because the gas industry,
the oil industry,
469
00:24:59,975 --> 00:25:04,395
arrived in Pennsylvania
probably 100 years ago.
470
00:25:04,522 --> 00:25:08,817
The lease that was ultimately signed
was the best lease around.
471
00:25:08,943 --> 00:25:11,945
It was used as a model
around the country.
472
00:25:12,446 --> 00:25:14,863
We also had the gas company
473
00:25:14,989 --> 00:25:18,033
say, look, this is something
we're very happy with,
474
00:25:18,159 --> 00:25:22,204
we would like to give this
as a model to some other groups
475
00:25:22,330 --> 00:25:23,872
that we're negotiating with.
476
00:25:23,998 --> 00:25:27,292
As this was building up,
you had Gasland come out,
477
00:25:27,418 --> 00:25:30,546
and as something that
influences opinion,
478
00:25:30,672 --> 00:25:32,673
it was frankly very effective,
479
00:25:32,841 --> 00:25:37,636
in spite of the fact that most of the
content happens to be totally wrong
480
00:25:37,762 --> 00:25:38,929
and has been discredited.
481
00:25:39,097 --> 00:25:40,764
We will not let you
poison our water!
482
00:25:40,890 --> 00:25:43,183
So the folks
that I call the anties,
483
00:25:43,309 --> 00:25:47,187
they began a campaign to
stop all drilling in the area,
484
00:25:47,313 --> 00:25:50,731
and to designate the Delaware River
as the most endangered river
485
00:25:50,899 --> 00:25:53,484
in the United States
due to fracking.
486
00:25:53,652 --> 00:25:57,029
The Delaware River Basin
Commission came into the picture
487
00:25:57,197 --> 00:26:00,324
and basically shut everything down.
488
00:26:00,450 --> 00:26:02,660
This was a shock to all of us,
because what it meant,
489
00:26:02,828 --> 00:26:04,495
everything come to a standstill.
490
00:26:04,663 --> 00:26:08,165
It's just been three years
of pure hell since then
491
00:26:08,292 --> 00:26:09,917
as far as trying to get
something done.
492
00:26:10,043 --> 00:26:13,254
If the moratorium
on gas drilling isn't lifted,
493
00:26:13,380 --> 00:26:16,090
we're gonna see a long haul
of hardship
494
00:26:16,258 --> 00:26:17,633
for this part of the country.
495
00:26:17,801 --> 00:26:22,847
Way back in 1950, there was
1200 farms in the county.
496
00:26:22,973 --> 00:26:24,932
Now there's about 70
in the county.
497
00:26:25,100 --> 00:26:27,475
Upkeep is what kills most farms.
498
00:26:28,811 --> 00:26:30,854
There becomes a time
you've gotta upgrade.
499
00:26:30,980 --> 00:26:33,064
Stuff has to be replaced.
500
00:26:33,232 --> 00:26:37,485
And if the money's not there,
you just can't do it.
501
00:26:38,237 --> 00:26:41,072
If the moratorium stays in place,
502
00:26:42,408 --> 00:26:45,368
I probably won't last
another five years here.
503
00:26:45,953 --> 00:26:48,622
I'll be lucky if
I last another two.
504
00:26:50,833 --> 00:26:52,542
The farms are slowly
going out of business.
505
00:26:52,668 --> 00:26:54,961
They are getting replaced
by houses.
506
00:26:55,087 --> 00:26:57,756
Houses are more wells,
more sewer systems, more traffic.
507
00:26:57,882 --> 00:26:59,507
It's not good for the environment.
508
00:26:59,675 --> 00:27:03,302
Our open space,
our farm fields, our forests,
509
00:27:03,428 --> 00:27:05,846
they're actually
the lungs of the river.
510
00:27:05,972 --> 00:27:09,475
So when it rains and the rain
falls on our open space,
511
00:27:09,601 --> 00:27:12,186
it's filtered, it becomes
part of the aquifer,
512
00:27:12,354 --> 00:27:13,687
part of the water system.
513
00:27:13,813 --> 00:27:17,775
So those people who want
to maintain the beauty
514
00:27:17,901 --> 00:27:21,695
and the pristine bucolic
nature of this area
515
00:27:21,821 --> 00:27:24,990
should in fact be
supporting natural gas
516
00:27:25,116 --> 00:27:28,953
as a way to maintain our forests
and our open space.
517
00:27:33,875 --> 00:27:36,460
This land is part of me.
518
00:27:37,128 --> 00:27:41,547
I fight for years
just trying to hold onto it.
519
00:27:42,716 --> 00:27:45,218
I grew up here.
520
00:27:46,470 --> 00:27:48,554
Why would I want to sell it?
521
00:27:52,142 --> 00:27:55,478
We've owned the land
for 150, 175 years.
522
00:27:55,646 --> 00:27:57,188
It becomes very personal to you.
523
00:27:57,356 --> 00:28:00,692
These fields are here because
my ancestors cleared them.
524
00:28:00,818 --> 00:28:04,278
Everything on this farm
was done by my ancestors.
525
00:28:09,076 --> 00:28:13,663
There is not one farmer
in this area that wants to be the one
526
00:28:13,831 --> 00:28:17,749
that will have to sell
the family farm off.
527
00:28:18,668 --> 00:28:21,461
There is also not
one farmer in this area
528
00:28:21,587 --> 00:28:25,549
that isn't afraid that they
will be the generation
529
00:28:25,675 --> 00:28:29,302
that cannot continue
to make a living on the farm.
530
00:28:31,222 --> 00:28:33,265
We love this land,
531
00:28:33,766 --> 00:28:36,351
and we don't
want anything to happen to it.
532
00:28:40,189 --> 00:28:43,150
Very dear to my heart,
this property.
533
00:28:44,819 --> 00:28:48,363
And I think the gas company
can take care of it
534
00:28:48,531 --> 00:28:50,949
without destroying it.
535
00:28:53,869 --> 00:28:55,369
Are you ready to keep winning?
536
00:28:58,790 --> 00:29:01,042
When I talked to, I think,
a lot of you
537
00:29:01,209 --> 00:29:04,253
in Philadelphia
about two months ago,
538
00:29:04,421 --> 00:29:09,925
and I said, if they come forward with
regulations to frack the Delaware,
539
00:29:10,052 --> 00:29:13,804
we are going to shut them down...
remember that?
540
00:29:13,972 --> 00:29:17,349
And the whole crowd was saying,
"Shut them down!"
541
00:29:17,476 --> 00:29:20,936
Well, you shut them down!
542
00:29:22,064 --> 00:29:24,690
You shut them down
before they got started!
543
00:29:26,693 --> 00:29:30,487
Thank you, Josh!
Thank you, Josh!
544
00:29:30,654 --> 00:29:33,823
Thank you, Josh!
Thank you, Josh!
545
00:29:39,622 --> 00:29:42,373
How could this
have been done to these people?
546
00:29:42,500 --> 00:29:44,918
Thousands of farmers
have had their lives ruined
547
00:29:45,044 --> 00:29:47,420
by a decision made
in a government office
548
00:29:47,546 --> 00:29:50,340
hundreds of miles away
in Trenton, New Jersey.
549
00:29:50,841 --> 00:29:53,259
Carol Collier is
the executive director
550
00:29:53,385 --> 00:29:55,637
of the Delaware
River Basin Commission
551
00:29:55,763 --> 00:29:58,098
which put the moratorium in place.
552
00:29:58,265 --> 00:30:01,768
She seems to have
inappropriate ties to Josh Fox
553
00:30:01,894 --> 00:30:03,353
and the anti-fracking movement.
554
00:30:04,229 --> 00:30:07,439
I've spoken to some
farmers in Wayne County
555
00:30:07,607 --> 00:30:09,441
and, like, Sullivan County.
556
00:30:09,609 --> 00:30:13,862
And they say there is a bias
against the land owners,
557
00:30:14,030 --> 00:30:17,324
that you agreed at one stage to go
to a fundraiser for Gasland
558
00:30:17,408 --> 00:30:20,285
and only withdrew
when they pointed it out.
559
00:30:20,411 --> 00:30:23,539
That was quite a while ago,
but actually
560
00:30:23,623 --> 00:30:27,126
at that point when I was
asked to be on that panel,
561
00:30:27,293 --> 00:30:29,795
I was not told
that it was a fundraiser.
562
00:30:29,963 --> 00:30:32,965
And when I did learn it was
a fundraiser, I did back out.
563
00:30:33,133 --> 00:30:38,428
They told me you didn't go because
they embarrassed you into not going.
564
00:30:38,555 --> 00:30:43,015
They obviously saw how inappropriate,
even though you didn't.
565
00:30:43,142 --> 00:30:47,186
Well, they don't have the whole
story, because what I'm saying is,
566
00:30:47,312 --> 00:30:49,480
that I did not know
it was a fundraiser.
567
00:30:49,606 --> 00:30:53,234
When they informed me it was
a fundraiser, I backed out.
568
00:30:53,402 --> 00:30:55,194
It's fine that you brought this up.
569
00:30:55,320 --> 00:30:59,365
It's cool. I already said "no"
to that, so you know, whatever.
570
00:30:59,533 --> 00:31:01,784
And do you think it's
appropriate that your name
571
00:31:01,910 --> 00:31:04,579
is on the credits of Gasland?
572
00:31:06,456 --> 00:31:09,542
I am very surprised my name
is on those credits.
573
00:31:09,710 --> 00:31:12,920
I did not know it was there.
Josh never asked me.
574
00:31:13,046 --> 00:31:15,590
And if you look at my track record,
and what we've done here...
575
00:31:15,757 --> 00:31:18,091
Well, I'm looking at
your track record here.
576
00:31:21,804 --> 00:31:23,430
It's quite a record, that.
577
00:31:25,016 --> 00:31:27,058
For a public servant.
578
00:31:28,978 --> 00:31:32,772
I fail to see how
significant that is.
579
00:31:34,734 --> 00:31:42,734
Thank you.
580
00:31:46,204 --> 00:31:51,499
Next time I'll check more
on background and credentials.
581
00:31:51,667 --> 00:31:53,792
- Do you want to see my credentials?
- Well...
582
00:31:53,960 --> 00:31:56,128
- Do you have a card?
- Yes.
583
00:31:58,173 --> 00:32:00,591
Are you concerned about
my background?
584
00:32:03,345 --> 00:32:06,555
I'm concerned
about the purpose of the film.
585
00:32:06,681 --> 00:32:09,099
It's to find the truth
about fracking.
586
00:32:09,893 --> 00:32:12,436
Carol Collier, whose actions
are causing hardship
587
00:32:12,562 --> 00:32:16,106
to thousands of families
in the Delaware River Basin,
588
00:32:16,233 --> 00:32:18,317
clearly didn't like
being asked questions.
589
00:32:18,443 --> 00:32:22,154
As I was leaving, she attempted to
have her lawyer confiscate our film.
590
00:32:29,037 --> 00:32:34,123
I don't know what you are here for.
I'm really concerned.
591
00:32:34,291 --> 00:32:37,669
Could I have your film?
I would like the film, please.
592
00:32:37,795 --> 00:32:39,921
You guys.
593
00:32:41,382 --> 00:32:42,423
Thank you.
594
00:32:42,549 --> 00:32:47,262
This was really bad news for the
farmers in the Delaware River Basin.
595
00:32:47,429 --> 00:32:50,139
Josh Fox and powerful
government officials
596
00:32:50,266 --> 00:32:52,141
robbed them of their livelihoods.
597
00:32:52,268 --> 00:32:55,436
And all of this happened because
of the story Josh Fox tells
598
00:32:55,604 --> 00:32:57,855
in the opening
of his film Gasland.
599
00:32:57,982 --> 00:33:01,776
One day I got a letter in the mail.
It was from a natural gas company.
600
00:33:01,902 --> 00:33:03,778
The letter told me
that my land was on top of
601
00:33:03,946 --> 00:33:06,530
a formation called
the Marcellus shale.
602
00:33:06,614 --> 00:33:09,116
I could lease my land
to this company
603
00:33:09,242 --> 00:33:14,663
and I would receive a signing bonus
of $4,750 an acre.
604
00:33:14,872 --> 00:33:16,915
Having 19.5 acres,
605
00:33:17,041 --> 00:33:20,919
that was nearly $100,000
right there in my hand.
606
00:33:21,045 --> 00:33:22,504
But the story wasn't true.
607
00:33:22,672 --> 00:33:25,215
Ironically, when you look
at Gasland and you zoom...
608
00:33:25,341 --> 00:33:27,259
They have a scene where
they're zooming in
609
00:33:27,427 --> 00:33:31,847
on the alleged original lease,
it is our lease.
610
00:33:32,056 --> 00:33:36,727
It is an NWPOA lease
draft that we had written,
611
00:33:36,936 --> 00:33:39,438
and it's blackened out,
but it's ours,
612
00:33:39,605 --> 00:33:41,398
not one that a company offered him.
613
00:33:41,566 --> 00:33:45,735
Marion showed me
how she first noticed that.
614
00:33:45,902 --> 00:33:49,405
The farmer's lease had two
minor typos on the first page,
615
00:33:49,531 --> 00:33:52,533
a double spacing
and a missing quotation mark.
616
00:33:52,659 --> 00:33:57,246
And so did the lease Josh Fox
is holding up in Gasland.
617
00:33:58,540 --> 00:34:01,917
So thousands of journalists
who watched Gasland
618
00:34:02,085 --> 00:34:04,628
and went on to write all those
stories about fracking
619
00:34:04,755 --> 00:34:06,964
never listened to
the farmers pointing out
620
00:34:07,132 --> 00:34:11,761
that the documentary was
misleading from the very start.
621
00:34:11,928 --> 00:34:15,723
The media coverage of the gas
has been so unfair,
622
00:34:15,849 --> 00:34:17,850
so full of half-truths.
623
00:34:18,018 --> 00:34:20,894
Seems to me everything's
been one-sided.
624
00:34:21,062 --> 00:34:24,189
They don't tell you both sides
of the story. You get one side.
625
00:34:24,357 --> 00:34:27,150
It's sort of biased on one side
than the other.
626
00:34:27,318 --> 00:34:30,195
It doesn't reflect the views
necessarily of all the people.
627
00:34:30,363 --> 00:34:32,197
They really have not represented
628
00:34:32,365 --> 00:34:35,533
the local people and the people
who are in favor of it.
629
00:34:35,701 --> 00:34:40,663
The media's constantly saying that
they're destroying the water.
630
00:34:40,831 --> 00:34:43,917
They would have you believe
that Marcellus shale development
631
00:34:44,043 --> 00:34:45,543
was the scourge of the land.
632
00:34:45,669 --> 00:34:48,213
They put a perception
in a lot of people's heads
633
00:34:48,339 --> 00:34:53,301
that every well drilled
is gonna pollute all the time,
634
00:34:53,427 --> 00:34:54,928
and that's ludicrous.
635
00:34:55,054 --> 00:34:57,221
It's almost like, you know,
636
00:34:57,389 --> 00:35:01,517
the media and the litigants all want
chemicals to appear in their water.
637
00:35:01,684 --> 00:35:03,685
It's a lot of sensationalism,
which just,
638
00:35:03,853 --> 00:35:05,396
with very little fact behind it.
639
00:35:05,563 --> 00:35:08,482
There is so much stuff
out there in the media
640
00:35:08,608 --> 00:35:12,986
that to actually go through and try
to combat the misinformation
641
00:35:13,154 --> 00:35:15,989
and fear mongering could
actually be a full-time job.
642
00:35:20,328 --> 00:35:24,373
I thought I should talk to
John Entine, a U.S. media expert.
643
00:35:25,291 --> 00:35:27,334
I was a network television
producer for 20 years
644
00:35:27,460 --> 00:35:29,336
with NBC News, ABC News.
645
00:35:29,504 --> 00:35:32,922
I was Tom Brokaw's producer at NBC
and head of documentaries there.
646
00:35:33,090 --> 00:35:37,468
At ABC I was investigative producer
for 20/20 and Prime Time Live.
647
00:35:37,636 --> 00:35:41,013
And the last 20 years,
in a writing career
648
00:35:41,181 --> 00:35:44,976
that focuses on this nexus
of public policy,
649
00:35:45,102 --> 00:35:47,895
media and NGO advocacy,
650
00:35:48,021 --> 00:35:51,607
is one of the unexamined areas
651
00:35:51,733 --> 00:35:53,943
that creates the kind of narratives,
652
00:35:54,111 --> 00:35:58,406
shapes the ethics of the way
we talk about news issues,
653
00:35:58,532 --> 00:36:03,244
including the whole
shale gas crisis,
654
00:36:03,370 --> 00:36:06,581
if you could so to speak, and the
crisis is really in media coverage,
655
00:36:06,707 --> 00:36:08,957
not in the danger that shale gas
656
00:36:09,125 --> 00:36:10,959
presents to the United States
or the world.
657
00:36:11,127 --> 00:36:13,211
The scary part in this debate
658
00:36:13,337 --> 00:36:15,922
is that the media,
once the influence medias,
659
00:36:16,090 --> 00:36:18,258
The New York Times,
the networks,
660
00:36:18,426 --> 00:36:21,636
they've adopted
the entertainment style of Josh Fox.
661
00:36:21,804 --> 00:36:25,390
It's all about pictures that evoke
this kind of anger and image.
662
00:36:25,558 --> 00:36:27,267
It's like trash journalism.
663
00:36:27,393 --> 00:36:29,478
There was a series of articles
by The New York Times
664
00:36:29,645 --> 00:36:32,314
essentially saying shale
gas was overblown,
665
00:36:32,482 --> 00:36:34,691
that there was a lot of
skepticism within the industry,
666
00:36:34,859 --> 00:36:38,904
that its carbon footprint
was far greater than even coal,
667
00:36:39,030 --> 00:36:41,990
a series, essentially,
that if those things were true,
668
00:36:42,116 --> 00:36:45,242
no reasonable-minded person
could support shale gas.
669
00:36:45,368 --> 00:36:48,662
It was echoed across
the internet,
670
00:36:48,830 --> 00:36:50,581
headlines in newspapers
around the world,
671
00:36:50,665 --> 00:36:52,291
discussed in parliament. Why?
672
00:36:52,459 --> 00:36:55,211
Because when The New York Times
reports something,
673
00:36:55,378 --> 00:36:59,006
the regular media considers that
it's been vetted, that it's factual.
674
00:36:59,132 --> 00:37:02,134
In this case it hadn't been vetted,
and when someone did look at it,
675
00:37:02,260 --> 00:37:03,886
the ombudsman, he was horrified.
676
00:37:04,012 --> 00:37:07,681
He came out with two Sunday
New York Times reports
677
00:37:07,807 --> 00:37:10,184
in two consecutive
New York Times issues,
678
00:37:10,352 --> 00:37:13,771
unprecedented, hadn't been done in
the history of The New York Times,
679
00:37:13,897 --> 00:37:18,442
literally dressing down his own
paper's coverage of natural gas,
680
00:37:18,568 --> 00:37:20,611
saying it was biased,
manipulative,
681
00:37:20,737 --> 00:37:24,197
cherry-picking of the facts,
getting key facts wrong.
682
00:37:24,323 --> 00:37:25,644
Literally, it's the kind of thing
683
00:37:25,658 --> 00:37:29,035
that should have gotten the key
reporters on natural gas fired.
684
00:37:29,203 --> 00:37:30,453
And the only reason they
weren't fired
685
00:37:30,579 --> 00:37:33,581
is because it literally was indicting
the entire editorial department.
686
00:37:33,749 --> 00:37:36,167
So it would have been literally
a major housecleaning
687
00:37:36,335 --> 00:37:39,212
because their coverage
was literally unethical.
688
00:37:39,380 --> 00:37:41,589
You're not overreacting a bit?
I mean this is just...
689
00:37:41,715 --> 00:37:44,717
This is good theatrical journalism.
There's no real-world consequences.
690
00:37:44,927 --> 00:37:47,220
I mean, it's fun to watch.
691
00:37:47,346 --> 00:37:49,847
It may be fun to watch,
may be entertaining,
692
00:37:49,974 --> 00:37:52,225
but there are enormous
public policy consequences.
693
00:37:52,351 --> 00:37:54,602
The goal of the anti-shale
gas industry,
694
00:37:54,770 --> 00:37:56,604
and make no bones about it,
that's what it is,
695
00:37:56,730 --> 00:38:01,400
is to stop shale gas development
now and for the future.
696
00:38:01,526 --> 00:38:04,027
They're not looking
for better regulation.
697
00:38:04,153 --> 00:38:06,738
They're not looking for more
sophisticated technology
698
00:38:06,906 --> 00:38:08,365
to make this more efficient.
699
00:38:08,491 --> 00:38:12,244
They're attempting to stop
progress in its tracks.
700
00:38:12,412 --> 00:38:15,163
Shale gas is a gift from God,
701
00:38:15,290 --> 00:38:18,000
and if we let hysteria
drive regulation,
702
00:38:18,126 --> 00:38:22,170
if we let politicians
essentially set the ground rules
703
00:38:22,338 --> 00:38:24,590
for what should be a
science-driven enterprise,
704
00:38:24,757 --> 00:38:26,258
we're gonna set
the American economy
705
00:38:26,426 --> 00:38:28,802
and the world economy
back 50 years.
706
00:38:28,928 --> 00:38:31,263
Paleolithic era,
that's what we're going for.
707
00:38:36,101 --> 00:38:38,728
James Delingpole is
a British journalist and author
708
00:38:38,854 --> 00:38:41,564
who has written extensively
about energy issues.
709
00:38:41,648 --> 00:38:47,653
Shale gas is the miracle
of the early 21st century.
710
00:38:47,821 --> 00:38:52,033
In terms of safety
and environmental friendliness
711
00:38:52,159 --> 00:38:54,577
and economic efficiency,
712
00:38:54,703 --> 00:38:58,581
shale gas is about the best thing
going in the world right now.
713
00:38:58,707 --> 00:39:01,542
And the only reason,
the only reason
714
00:39:01,710 --> 00:39:05,296
that shale gas is not
developing faster than it is,
715
00:39:05,422 --> 00:39:09,258
particularly in Europe, in America
it's already a great success,
716
00:39:09,384 --> 00:39:13,261
is because of these
disingenuous objections
717
00:39:13,429 --> 00:39:16,806
which are being raised
by the environmental movement,
718
00:39:16,974 --> 00:39:21,770
funded, I would suspect,
by, for example, the Russians,
719
00:39:21,937 --> 00:39:26,066
who are big producers
of natural gas.
720
00:39:26,233 --> 00:39:30,945
I was at a dinner with
Prime Minister Putin recently,
721
00:39:31,113 --> 00:39:34,407
with a group of foreign journalists
and foreign academics
722
00:39:34,533 --> 00:39:37,243
who are invited every year.
He doesn't eat very much.
723
00:39:37,411 --> 00:39:40,580
We all eat, ask him questions,
he answers the questions.
724
00:39:40,748 --> 00:39:44,334
The final question
was about gas,
725
00:39:44,460 --> 00:39:47,836
and particularly about shale gas.
726
00:39:47,962 --> 00:39:52,424
And it was very interesting
to see his reaction,
727
00:39:52,550 --> 00:39:55,135
a real illustration,
I think, of the concern
728
00:39:55,261 --> 00:39:56,845
that shale gas
is causing in Russia
729
00:39:56,971 --> 00:39:58,971
because it was one of
the few moments in the dinner
730
00:39:59,015 --> 00:40:03,977
where Putin really became
quite engaged, almost agitated.
731
00:40:04,187 --> 00:40:05,771
And he said, if you look
at photographs
732
00:40:05,897 --> 00:40:08,190
which have been taken from
a helicopter or a plane
733
00:40:08,358 --> 00:40:10,651
of where this has been done
in the U.S.,
734
00:40:10,777 --> 00:40:14,405
you can see the damage.
And he essentially said,
735
00:40:14,572 --> 00:40:19,785
when people in Europe understand
the implications of this technology
736
00:40:19,953 --> 00:40:21,353
and what it does
to the environment,
737
00:40:21,413 --> 00:40:23,329
then they're not gonna want to do it.
738
00:40:23,497 --> 00:40:26,708
And therefore, it's not
gonna be a threat to us.
739
00:40:26,834 --> 00:40:30,712
And they point to France,
which has already banned it
740
00:40:30,879 --> 00:40:33,798
and say that's just
the first one of many.
741
00:40:33,966 --> 00:40:37,468
And this is somewhat
amusing that suddenly
742
00:40:37,594 --> 00:40:41,806
Russia finds its conscience
about the environment.
743
00:40:42,558 --> 00:40:44,684
At the moment all the countries
in Eastern Europe
744
00:40:44,810 --> 00:40:46,144
are hugely dependent on Russia.
745
00:40:46,311 --> 00:40:49,313
They have very few domestic
resources of their own.
746
00:40:49,481 --> 00:40:54,569
And the European market is the
absolutely crucial market for Gazprom
747
00:40:54,737 --> 00:40:57,363
because that's where it makes
the bulk of its profit.
748
00:40:57,531 --> 00:41:01,575
And of course Putin himself
has very close ties with Gazprom.
749
00:41:01,701 --> 00:41:05,996
In fact, I would say that Russia is
screwed if it can't export its gas,
750
00:41:06,164 --> 00:41:09,040
so it really is very important
for Russia
751
00:41:09,167 --> 00:41:12,335
that the shale gas revolution
does not happen.
752
00:41:12,462 --> 00:41:14,171
It is also in Russia's interest
753
00:41:14,338 --> 00:41:18,091
to fund those environmental
groups which are committed
754
00:41:18,259 --> 00:41:21,678
to campaigning against fracking.
That's how it works.
755
00:41:21,804 --> 00:41:23,138
I'll give you one example.
756
00:41:23,306 --> 00:41:28,018
Poland is currently
a net importer of gas.
757
00:41:28,144 --> 00:41:31,980
Where does that gas come from?
It comes from Russia.
758
00:41:32,148 --> 00:41:35,692
The problem with relying
on Russia for gas
759
00:41:35,860 --> 00:41:39,111
is that Russia now has
a proven history
760
00:41:39,321 --> 00:41:44,158
of using gas as a kind of tool,
761
00:41:44,326 --> 00:41:47,661
or rather blunt instrument
of diplomacy.
762
00:41:47,829 --> 00:41:49,622
A natural gas crisis
looming over Europe
763
00:41:49,790 --> 00:41:51,957
has taken a sharp turn
for the worse.
764
00:41:52,083 --> 00:41:53,959
A contract dispute between
Russia and Ukraine
765
00:41:54,127 --> 00:41:56,962
has left several cities without
natural gas in the dead of winter.
766
00:41:57,130 --> 00:42:02,343
Without prior warning, gas supplies
to some EU member states
767
00:42:02,469 --> 00:42:05,346
have been substantially cut.
768
00:42:05,472 --> 00:42:08,432
This situation is
completely unacceptable.
769
00:42:08,892 --> 00:42:12,436
Even in the Cold War, Russia
never cut off gas supplies to Europe,
770
00:42:12,645 --> 00:42:16,689
but under Mr. Putin they have
twice done so in recent years.
771
00:42:16,816 --> 00:42:20,151
So the prospect of
becoming gas producers
772
00:42:20,277 --> 00:42:23,696
for these countries is
a very attractive one indeed.
773
00:42:23,823 --> 00:42:26,533
You go to Poland,
you hear a lot about it.
774
00:42:34,750 --> 00:42:37,001
In Warsaw,
the huge Soviet block houses
775
00:42:37,169 --> 00:42:39,462
are a very concrete reminder
of the grip
776
00:42:39,630 --> 00:42:42,048
Russia has had on Poland
for centuries.
777
00:42:42,550 --> 00:42:45,844
But even though their troops
are no longer on Polish soil,
778
00:42:46,011 --> 00:42:48,888
as the main supplier of
most of the country's gas,
779
00:42:49,013 --> 00:42:51,473
Russia still controls
the Polish people.
780
00:42:57,355 --> 00:43:01,608
I met up with Sabina, a pensioner
who fought in World War ll
781
00:43:01,734 --> 00:43:03,861
and survived the Cold War.
782
00:43:04,612 --> 00:43:08,073
Today she spends half
her pension on energy,
783
00:43:08,199 --> 00:43:10,701
and that money goes to Gazprom.
784
00:43:11,077 --> 00:43:13,704
It's like the Soviets never left.
785
00:43:52,367 --> 00:43:53,659
So that's your gas?
786
00:43:55,829 --> 00:43:57,109
Three-hundred and seventy-seven.
787
00:43:59,333 --> 00:44:01,208
Your electricity is 266.
788
00:44:07,340 --> 00:44:09,549
Your pension is 800.
789
00:44:09,675 --> 00:44:14,846
So, your pension is 800.
Your electricity bill is 266.
790
00:44:14,972 --> 00:44:19,601
Your gas bill is 377.
It doesn't leave much money.
791
00:44:22,521 --> 00:44:24,522
How do you feel
when the gas bill comes?
792
00:45:27,084 --> 00:45:29,836
But anti-fracking activists
like Josh Fox
793
00:45:29,962 --> 00:45:32,296
say economic prosperity
counts for nothing
794
00:45:32,464 --> 00:45:34,048
if you don't have your health.
795
00:45:34,758 --> 00:45:39,178
I want to tell you that I got a call
from Chris Payne,
796
00:45:39,304 --> 00:45:40,680
the amazing director of
Who Killed the Electric Car
797
00:45:40,848 --> 00:45:41,889
and The Revenge
of the Electric Car.
798
00:45:42,016 --> 00:45:43,975
And he said, "They're
fracking in Baldwin Hills."
799
00:45:44,143 --> 00:45:48,229
It's like over the...
over the... bend from me.
800
00:45:48,355 --> 00:45:50,523
And there's a big public park
over there.
801
00:45:50,649 --> 00:45:53,859
So you have a little kid, Little League,
playing in noxious fumes
802
00:45:54,027 --> 00:45:57,279
that we experienced today,
gave us quite, you know,
803
00:45:57,447 --> 00:46:01,575
immediate headaches and nausea
from being in the park.
804
00:46:01,743 --> 00:46:05,537
I live in Los Angeles.
And this is the first time I've heard
805
00:46:05,705 --> 00:46:07,789
of people getting sick
in Baldwin Hills.
806
00:46:11,544 --> 00:46:14,171
After coming up to the top
of Baldwin Hills Overlook
807
00:46:14,255 --> 00:46:16,882
and going back down,
finishing my workout, I feel great.
808
00:46:17,050 --> 00:46:21,136
It's wonderful, fresh.
You can really rejuvenate yourself.
809
00:46:21,304 --> 00:46:24,139
It's just fresh air. You can breathe
good, you know what I mean?
810
00:46:24,307 --> 00:46:28,893
It's fresh. it feels clean,
like you're close to heaven.
811
00:46:29,061 --> 00:46:31,312
The air quality is great.
Every time I come here
812
00:46:31,521 --> 00:46:34,565
I almost feel like I can fly
just like Superman!
813
00:46:36,359 --> 00:46:38,110
And Josh Fox makes the same kind
814
00:46:38,278 --> 00:46:41,405
of dramatic claims
about Dish, Texas.
815
00:46:41,531 --> 00:46:45,242
They have 10 billion cubic feet going
through Dish, Texas every day
816
00:46:45,368 --> 00:46:47,870
with 10 pipelines that
crisscross the state.
817
00:46:47,996 --> 00:46:49,872
And they have benzene in the air
818
00:46:49,998 --> 00:46:53,125
at 55 times the public
health standard.
819
00:46:53,251 --> 00:46:57,046
And they have toxic emissions
that float into people's homes,
820
00:46:57,172 --> 00:47:00,299
give them nosebleeds in the middle of
the night, give them brain damage.
821
00:47:00,467 --> 00:47:02,510
And Calvin Tillman's two sons
822
00:47:02,636 --> 00:47:05,512
are waking up in the middle
of the night with nosebleeds.
823
00:47:05,638 --> 00:47:08,306
Calvin Tillman has been
the mayor of Dish for three years.
824
00:47:08,474 --> 00:47:12,227
He says the people in the town
began to notice a strong odor
825
00:47:12,394 --> 00:47:14,687
and were also experiencing
some side effects
826
00:47:14,855 --> 00:47:16,815
that he attributes
to the air quality,
827
00:47:16,857 --> 00:47:22,070
things like nausea, headaches,
runny nose, allergies, and more.
828
00:47:22,238 --> 00:47:25,532
Calvin Tillman was so frustrated
with the TCEQ's inaction
829
00:47:25,699 --> 00:47:27,492
that he commissioned
his own air study.
830
00:47:27,618 --> 00:47:30,078
The results read sort of like
the back of a pamphlet
831
00:47:30,204 --> 00:47:33,456
that you don't want to pick up
at the American Cancer Society.
832
00:47:33,624 --> 00:47:36,417
Study found, and I quote,
"Amazing and very high levels
833
00:47:36,585 --> 00:47:40,420
of known and suspected human
carcinogens and neurotoxins."
834
00:47:40,588 --> 00:47:43,674
But were these claims true?
835
00:47:43,800 --> 00:47:45,175
The Texas Commission on
Environmental Quality
836
00:47:45,343 --> 00:47:48,720
is the second largest environmental
agency in the world behind the EPA.
837
00:47:48,888 --> 00:47:51,598
We've been to Dish I believe
over 120 times
838
00:47:51,766 --> 00:47:54,476
on individual sampling trips
or monitoring trips
839
00:47:54,644 --> 00:47:56,770
and collected over 50
VOC canisters,
840
00:47:57,021 --> 00:47:59,022
which we ran through
a gas chromatograph.
841
00:47:59,190 --> 00:48:01,150
And I'm happy to say that
of all of those samples
842
00:48:01,317 --> 00:48:03,485
that we've conducted
and collected and analyzed,
843
00:48:03,611 --> 00:48:06,113
none of those exceeded the
short-term concentration levels
844
00:48:06,239 --> 00:48:07,698
that would cause concern.
845
00:48:07,866 --> 00:48:10,284
After the air quality
was given the all-clear,
846
00:48:10,451 --> 00:48:12,578
the health department sampled
blood, urine,
847
00:48:12,745 --> 00:48:14,788
and drinking water in the area
848
00:48:14,956 --> 00:48:17,498
and found no problems
caused by fracking.
849
00:48:17,666 --> 00:48:21,335
So it's comforting to see we have
a great deal of data from Dish
850
00:48:21,461 --> 00:48:23,004
and from the Barnett shale region
851
00:48:23,172 --> 00:48:25,965
that shows that indeed
our regulations are protective,
852
00:48:26,091 --> 00:48:28,634
especially when you consider
that it's such a concentrated
853
00:48:28,802 --> 00:48:30,386
production field in that area.
854
00:48:32,264 --> 00:48:33,931
But some people still claim
855
00:48:34,057 --> 00:48:36,642
that fracking contaminated
their water and made them sick,
856
00:48:36,810 --> 00:48:40,354
like Stephen Lipsky
from Parker County, Texas.
857
00:48:40,522 --> 00:48:44,108
He sued for Range Resources
for $6.5 million.
858
00:48:44,276 --> 00:48:49,363
Lipsky teamed up with Alisa Rich of
Wolf Eagle Environmental Engineers
859
00:48:49,531 --> 00:48:51,282
to produce a video
of flaming water
860
00:48:51,408 --> 00:48:55,619
and a set of test results supporting
his case against the gas company.
861
00:48:55,745 --> 00:48:58,997
But the video was faked.
They intentionally pumped gas
862
00:48:59,165 --> 00:49:01,541
into the water line
in order to set it on fire.
863
00:49:01,709 --> 00:49:03,710
The judge ruled
that Stephen Lipsky
864
00:49:03,878 --> 00:49:07,380
and Alisa Rich had conspired
to produce false evidence,
865
00:49:07,506 --> 00:49:11,509
and Alisa Rich's claims that
she was an engineer and had a PhD
866
00:49:11,677 --> 00:49:13,094
were also fraudulent.
867
00:49:13,221 --> 00:49:17,807
In line 13 it says, "I have a PhD
in air pollution control design."
868
00:49:17,934 --> 00:49:19,643
- Do you see that?
- I do, sir.
869
00:49:19,810 --> 00:49:23,521
That was just not a true statement
at the time you made that, was it?
870
00:49:23,648 --> 00:49:25,065
That was a misstatement.
871
00:49:25,233 --> 00:49:29,069
- You are not an engineer, are you?
- No, sir, I am not.
872
00:49:29,195 --> 00:49:32,529
- You're not a geologist?
- No, sir.
873
00:49:33,240 --> 00:49:35,616
You're not a geophysicist?
874
00:49:35,784 --> 00:49:38,410
No, I would not consider
myself a geophysicist.
875
00:49:38,536 --> 00:49:40,537
You're not a petroleum engineer?
876
00:49:41,873 --> 00:49:45,084
I am not a petroleum engineer.
No.
877
00:49:45,293 --> 00:49:48,045
- You're not a toxicologist?
- No, sir.
878
00:49:48,255 --> 00:49:50,422
You're not a hydrogeologist?
879
00:49:53,176 --> 00:49:56,512
No. No, I am not
a hydrogeologist, technically.
880
00:49:56,680 --> 00:50:00,808
We deal a lot in hydrology,
just like we deal a lot in geology,
881
00:50:00,976 --> 00:50:06,104
but I would not call myself
a hydrogeologist.
882
00:50:06,230 --> 00:50:09,023
This wasn't the first time
I'd come across Alisa Rich.
883
00:50:09,149 --> 00:50:11,901
She was also hired
by Calvin Tillman
884
00:50:12,069 --> 00:50:15,321
to provide the damning
but completely inaccurate reports
885
00:50:15,489 --> 00:50:18,908
on the air and water quality
in Dish, Texas.
886
00:50:19,034 --> 00:50:21,077
Despite faking her qualifications,
887
00:50:21,245 --> 00:50:24,247
and a judge finding that she was part
of a fraudulent conspiracy,
888
00:50:24,415 --> 00:50:28,209
Josh Fox still relies
heavily on Alisa Rich
889
00:50:28,335 --> 00:50:29,836
in his campaign against fracking.
890
00:50:30,879 --> 00:50:33,923
But what about the chemicals
that are used in fracking?
891
00:50:36,176 --> 00:50:37,802
I needed to speak to an expert.
892
00:50:37,928 --> 00:50:40,346
So I went to the University
of California, Berkeley.
893
00:50:41,307 --> 00:50:45,600
Dr. Bruce Ames is a professor of
biochemistry and molecular biology.
894
00:50:45,768 --> 00:50:48,687
Because of his research
on the causes of cancer,
895
00:50:48,813 --> 00:50:50,981
Dr. Ames has won many awards,
896
00:50:51,107 --> 00:50:54,860
including the National Medal
of Science, the Japan Prize,
897
00:50:55,069 --> 00:50:58,697
and the Tyler Prize for
Environmental Achievement.
898
00:50:58,823 --> 00:51:02,993
He is one of the most cited
scientists in the world.
899
00:51:03,161 --> 00:51:06,955
This is Gasland,
the film by Josh Fox,
900
00:51:07,123 --> 00:51:09,958
and this is what he says
about chemicals and fracking
901
00:51:10,168 --> 00:51:13,253
and public health, I suppose.
902
00:51:13,379 --> 00:51:16,214
In order to frack,
you need some fracking fluid,
903
00:51:16,341 --> 00:51:19,133
a mix of over 596 chemicals,
904
00:51:19,259 --> 00:51:22,470
from the unpronounceable
to the unknown
905
00:51:22,596 --> 00:51:23,721
to the too well-known.
906
00:51:23,889 --> 00:51:26,307
The brew is full
of corrosion inhibitors,
907
00:51:26,433 --> 00:51:30,519
gellants, drilling additives,
biocides, shale control inhibitors,
908
00:51:30,645 --> 00:51:34,982
liquid breaker aids, viscosifiers,
liquid gel concentrates.
909
00:51:35,108 --> 00:51:39,070
On the side of that frack fluid truck
it should say, "Just add water."
910
00:51:42,199 --> 00:51:47,453
Well, you could say that about a cup
of coffee with more justification.
911
00:51:47,579 --> 00:51:50,164
I mean, it doesn't tell you much.
912
00:51:50,290 --> 00:51:52,010
What would you say
to people who saw Gasland
913
00:51:52,084 --> 00:51:55,377
and are scared by that figure
of over 500 chemicals
914
00:51:55,461 --> 00:51:58,880
and the scary names
of the chemicals?
915
00:51:59,006 --> 00:52:02,884
Yeah, but it's only scary
if you've been...
916
00:52:03,052 --> 00:52:04,219
don't know anything.
917
00:52:04,387 --> 00:52:08,640
If I gave you all the long names
of chemicals in cabbage
918
00:52:08,766 --> 00:52:10,975
that give cancer to rats
in high levels,
919
00:52:11,143 --> 00:52:15,605
you could get scared. But there's
really no danger in eating cabbage.
920
00:52:15,773 --> 00:52:17,941
But at least there's no
carcinogens in broccoli.
921
00:52:18,067 --> 00:52:19,859
Oh, yeah, there are
carcinogens in broccoli.
922
00:52:20,027 --> 00:52:21,027
- No!
- Yeah.
923
00:52:21,195 --> 00:52:22,821
- No.
- Broccoli's good for you,
924
00:52:22,947 --> 00:52:24,656
but there are carcinogens in it.
925
00:52:24,824 --> 00:52:26,908
See, they define carcinogen
926
00:52:27,034 --> 00:52:31,329
as giving the maximum tolerated
dose to a mouse or a rat,
927
00:52:31,455 --> 00:52:33,163
and feeding it every day
for a lifetime.
928
00:52:33,289 --> 00:52:35,791
And half the chemicals
they've ever tested,
929
00:52:35,959 --> 00:52:40,462
whether it's natural or synthetic,
no difference,
930
00:52:40,588 --> 00:52:43,424
give cancer to these
animals at this huge dose,
931
00:52:43,591 --> 00:52:46,969
but it doesn't mean it's gonna
give cancer at a low dose.
932
00:52:47,095 --> 00:52:49,596
And it's all a high-dose artifact.
933
00:52:49,764 --> 00:52:51,974
What do you mean, "high-dose
artifact"? What does that mean?
934
00:52:52,100 --> 00:52:54,435
It means it's the high dose
that's causing it,
935
00:52:54,561 --> 00:52:56,437
and they're scaring you
about a low dose.
936
00:52:56,604 --> 00:53:01,275
But scare stories sell newspapers.
The media loves scare stories.
937
00:53:01,443 --> 00:53:03,110
Every time I see a story
938
00:53:03,319 --> 00:53:07,489
about some new scare that's
gonna give cancer to people,
939
00:53:07,615 --> 00:53:09,866
it's always completely implausible.
940
00:53:09,992 --> 00:53:12,410
It's a minor hypothetical risk
at best.
941
00:53:12,536 --> 00:53:14,662
If people say fracking's
causing cancer,
942
00:53:14,788 --> 00:53:17,415
then they don't know what
they're talking about.
943
00:53:17,583 --> 00:53:20,543
Josh Fox claims
that fracking in Texas
944
00:53:20,669 --> 00:53:22,795
has caused a spike
in breast cancer.
945
00:53:22,963 --> 00:53:25,465
In Texas, as throughout
the United States,
946
00:53:25,632 --> 00:53:30,761
cancer rates fell, except in one
place, in the Barnett shale.
947
00:53:31,472 --> 00:53:32,930
But the Associated Press
948
00:53:33,098 --> 00:53:35,516
checked that claim
with several cancer experts
949
00:53:35,642 --> 00:53:38,519
and found it to be false.
950
00:53:38,687 --> 00:53:41,481
Professor Simon Lee from
the University of Texas,
951
00:53:41,607 --> 00:53:45,442
David Riser, an epidemiologist
with the Texas Cancer Registry,
952
00:53:45,568 --> 00:53:47,819
and Susan G. Komen For The Cure,
953
00:53:47,987 --> 00:53:52,449
all said there was no spike
in cancer in the Barnett shale.
954
00:53:54,035 --> 00:53:58,497
Scaring American families with untrue
claims about breast cancer
955
00:53:58,623 --> 00:54:00,749
seemed unethical journalism
at best.
956
00:54:04,378 --> 00:54:08,215
After I retired, I started
to spend essentially full-time
957
00:54:08,341 --> 00:54:10,217
in Damascus, Pennsylvania.
958
00:54:10,343 --> 00:54:14,221
I'm currently facing
a cancer situation.
959
00:54:14,347 --> 00:54:19,226
Okay, that was one of the reasons
why I'm in New York right now.
960
00:54:19,352 --> 00:54:21,977
Because I'm scheduled
for surgery in two weeks.
961
00:54:22,145 --> 00:54:25,981
It has nothing to do
with drinking the water.
962
00:54:26,107 --> 00:54:29,318
It has nothing to do
with the air I breathe.
963
00:54:29,444 --> 00:54:31,862
I could be out there right now
964
00:54:31,988 --> 00:54:34,990
carrying a sign saying,
965
00:54:35,116 --> 00:54:39,453
"I've got cancer. I'm fighting
against this. You caused it.
966
00:54:39,579 --> 00:54:41,580
Don't let this happen to you."
967
00:54:41,706 --> 00:54:44,625
I couldn't look at myself
in the mirror in the morning
968
00:54:44,751 --> 00:54:47,962
'cause that's nonsense.
969
00:54:48,088 --> 00:54:53,175
But it would be very effective
as some political theater.
970
00:54:53,969 --> 00:54:56,845
The scare du jour
from anti-fracking activists
971
00:54:56,972 --> 00:54:59,347
is that fracking causes
dangerous earthquakes.
972
00:54:59,515 --> 00:55:01,849
I spoke to Professor Ernest Majer
973
00:55:01,976 --> 00:55:04,769
in the Department of
Earth Sciences at Berkeley.
974
00:55:05,271 --> 00:55:08,147
He has spent a career
analyzing the role humans play
975
00:55:08,274 --> 00:55:09,857
in causing earthquakes.
976
00:55:09,984 --> 00:55:12,068
He says if you're scared
about seismic activity,
977
00:55:12,194 --> 00:55:15,071
fracking should be the least
of your worries.
978
00:55:15,239 --> 00:55:19,826
If I had a house where I had
every type of energy potential,
979
00:55:19,952 --> 00:55:24,247
a river so I could dam up
and make a hydroelectric project,
980
00:55:24,373 --> 00:55:26,916
geothermal, hot rock,
on the other side of the house,
981
00:55:27,042 --> 00:55:29,961
and an oil/gas reservoir
on the other side,
982
00:55:30,087 --> 00:55:34,464
I would probably, from a just strict
risk of induced seismicity,
983
00:55:34,591 --> 00:55:37,426
I would choose the oil
and gas project, of course,
984
00:55:37,594 --> 00:55:41,430
because it has the lowest
potential for induced seismicity
985
00:55:41,556 --> 00:55:45,267
to cause any hazard or any risk
986
00:55:45,435 --> 00:55:49,396
associated with the injection
of fluid into the ground.
987
00:55:49,522 --> 00:55:52,941
Hydrofracture is very low-risk.
Very low hazard too.
988
00:55:53,109 --> 00:55:55,444
Professor Majer says
if energy production
989
00:55:55,612 --> 00:55:58,113
that causes earthquakes
needs to be banned,
990
00:55:58,239 --> 00:56:00,657
then geothermal energy
should be first on the list.
991
00:56:00,825 --> 00:56:04,202
He has been closely studying
the Geysers geothermal plant
992
00:56:04,329 --> 00:56:08,540
- in Northern California.
In terms of the Geysers,
993
00:56:08,666 --> 00:56:10,750
which is north of
San Francisco, about 70 miles,
994
00:56:10,917 --> 00:56:14,128
it's the world's largest
geothermal production area.
995
00:56:14,296 --> 00:56:16,297
And there has been
seismicity there.
996
00:56:16,423 --> 00:56:18,424
There has been quite a bit
of seismicity there.
997
00:56:19,551 --> 00:56:23,721
We're actively recording there
with a very dense array.
998
00:56:23,805 --> 00:56:26,807
We get about 100 magnitude
ones per day,
999
00:56:26,975 --> 00:56:29,560
up to 10 magnitude
twos per week,
1000
00:56:29,728 --> 00:56:34,273
and at least two or three
magnitude threes per month.
1001
00:56:34,441 --> 00:56:37,068
And several magnitude fours per year.
1002
00:56:38,236 --> 00:56:41,489
It's interesting that while
Josh Fox and anti-fracking activists
1003
00:56:41,657 --> 00:56:44,533
are trying to make an issue
about fracking and earthquakes,
1004
00:56:44,660 --> 00:56:48,495
they are silent about the hundreds
of earthquakes caused every month
1005
00:56:48,621 --> 00:56:50,246
by geothermal energy.
1006
00:56:51,957 --> 00:56:53,583
In Gasland, Josh Fox asks,
1007
00:56:53,709 --> 00:56:55,960
why can't we power
the world with solar panels?
1008
00:56:56,796 --> 00:57:01,049
But you need huge amounts of rare
earth metals to make one solar panel.
1009
00:57:01,175 --> 00:57:04,177
95 % of these minerals
are mined in China.
1010
00:57:04,345 --> 00:57:07,472
It doesn't look very green.
1011
00:57:07,598 --> 00:57:09,683
Rare earth processing in China
1012
00:57:09,809 --> 00:57:13,269
is a messy, dangerous,
polluting business.
1013
00:57:13,396 --> 00:57:18,483
It uses toxic chemicals,
acids, sulfates, ammonia.
1014
00:57:18,609 --> 00:57:21,611
The workers have little
or no protection.
1015
00:57:21,737 --> 00:57:24,863
Green campaigners
love wind turbines,
1016
00:57:25,031 --> 00:57:27,116
but the permanent
magnets used to
1017
00:57:27,242 --> 00:57:29,743
manufacture a three-megawatt
turbine,
1018
00:57:29,911 --> 00:57:32,496
contain some two tons
of rare earth.
1019
00:57:33,415 --> 00:57:36,458
And wind turbines.
They are massive, 24/7,
1020
00:57:36,668 --> 00:57:39,378
ruthless bird-killing machines.
1021
00:57:43,925 --> 00:57:47,219
They don't care if the birds
are endangered or not.
1022
00:57:47,387 --> 00:57:50,848
The problem with these people that
continually promote renewable energy
1023
00:57:50,974 --> 00:57:53,142
is I think none of them
own a calculator.
1024
00:57:53,268 --> 00:57:54,768
Let me run you through the numbers.
1025
00:57:54,936 --> 00:57:57,688
If you just look at the growth
in electricity demand
1026
00:57:57,814 --> 00:58:01,482
from 1985 through 2011,
1027
00:58:01,608 --> 00:58:04,861
on average, electricity demand
globally increased
1028
00:58:05,028 --> 00:58:10,199
by 450 terawatt hours.
That's 450 trillion watt hours.
1029
00:58:10,993 --> 00:58:14,454
If you just wanted to supply
the incremental demand
1030
00:58:14,580 --> 00:58:17,415
of that 450 terawatt hours per year,
1031
00:58:17,541 --> 00:58:19,500
you would have to
cover a land area
1032
00:58:19,668 --> 00:58:23,337
of about 100 square miles
every day,
1033
00:58:23,464 --> 00:58:25,131
with nothing but wind turbines.
1034
00:58:27,676 --> 00:58:28,760
I was back on the road
1035
00:58:28,927 --> 00:58:32,221
when I heard some breaking news
about Dimock, Pennsylvania.
1036
00:58:32,347 --> 00:58:35,057
The Pennsylvania Department
of Environmental Protection
1037
00:58:35,225 --> 00:58:37,142
had tested the water in Dimock,
1038
00:58:37,310 --> 00:58:40,312
including the well
of Craig and Julie Sautner.
1039
00:58:40,480 --> 00:58:42,022
Pennsylvania's
environmental agency
1040
00:58:42,190 --> 00:58:46,026
tells CBS news, "There
is no evidence in Pennsylvania"
1041
00:58:46,152 --> 00:58:48,987
of fracking ever having
contaminated drinking water."
1042
00:58:49,155 --> 00:58:51,948
However, that wasn't
good enough for Craig and Julie Sautner.
1043
00:58:52,116 --> 00:58:55,452
They insisted the federal Environmental
Protection Agency investigate.
1044
00:58:55,703 --> 00:58:57,704
The EPA agreed,
1045
00:58:57,872 --> 00:59:01,166
and started a comprehensive testing
of Dimock's water wells.
1046
00:59:01,292 --> 00:59:03,794
Federal officials have released
a fourth round of results
1047
00:59:03,920 --> 00:59:06,129
from well-water testing
in the Dimock area.
1048
00:59:06,297 --> 00:59:07,714
The Environmental Protection Agency
1049
00:59:07,840 --> 00:59:11,134
says it did not find any alarming
results from 12 more wells
1050
00:59:11,302 --> 00:59:12,968
it tested earlier this year.
1051
00:59:13,094 --> 00:59:16,931
So 1500 people in Dimock
said their water was fine.
1052
00:59:17,057 --> 00:59:19,475
Pennsylvania's Department
of Environmental Protection
1053
00:59:19,643 --> 00:59:20,684
confirmed this.
1054
00:59:20,811 --> 00:59:25,397
And now the EPA has announced there's
nothing wrong with the water.
1055
00:59:25,565 --> 00:59:28,818
I decided to ask the Sautners if they
would now drop their lawsuit.
1056
00:59:28,985 --> 00:59:31,904
I was half a mile away
from the Sautners' house.
1057
00:59:32,072 --> 00:59:34,490
I was on the phone,
calling them for an interview
1058
00:59:34,616 --> 00:59:36,784
when Julie Sautner saw me
and drove up.
1059
00:59:38,328 --> 00:59:40,579
- That's her.
- That's her.
1060
00:59:42,332 --> 00:59:43,332
Well, how's it going?
1061
00:59:48,004 --> 00:59:49,087
We just wanted to ask
you a quick few questions.
1062
00:59:49,255 --> 00:59:52,590
The people are very upset
you saying the water's dirty.
1063
00:59:52,758 --> 00:59:54,038
Do you agree the water is dirty?
1064
00:59:56,929 --> 00:59:58,763
But the EPA says
the water is clean now.
1065
01:00:02,017 --> 01:00:03,897
They said there's no
contamination in the water.
1066
01:00:04,895 --> 01:00:06,335
Is there contamination
in your water?
1067
01:00:06,480 --> 01:00:07,960
What did the EPA
say about your water?
1068
01:00:18,784 --> 01:00:19,984
I just want to find the truth.
1069
01:00:31,880 --> 01:00:32,963
Why would we be sued?
1070
01:00:36,384 --> 01:00:37,634
What are we lying about?
1071
01:00:42,724 --> 01:00:44,641
Why do you not want
to be filmed?
1072
01:00:44,809 --> 01:00:47,060
You've given hundreds of
interviews to people.
1073
01:00:53,818 --> 01:00:56,099
But I want to know what the EPA
have said about your well.
1074
01:00:56,154 --> 01:00:57,794
Will you give me the results
of your well?
1075
01:00:58,489 --> 01:01:00,782
Why not? I'm just
asking you the truth.
1076
01:01:00,950 --> 01:01:03,549
You're involved in a very public
lawsuit. You've given interviews.
1077
01:01:04,369 --> 01:01:08,748
You've said your well is
contaminated. The EPA has said...
1078
01:01:08,957 --> 01:01:10,458
I'll drink your water now.
Would you bring it down?
1079
01:01:10,626 --> 01:01:13,961
You've got this brown water. Can we
go get some of your brown water?
1080
01:01:14,129 --> 01:01:16,631
Ls that brown water just a prop?
1081
01:01:16,798 --> 01:01:18,478
Ls your water actually
brown at the moment?
1082
01:01:18,634 --> 01:01:19,634
Let's go to the well now.
1083
01:01:21,303 --> 01:01:22,664
Let's go to the well
now and get...
1084
01:01:24,306 --> 01:01:26,015
With your permission.
1085
01:01:27,517 --> 01:01:28,684
Please do.
1086
01:01:30,437 --> 01:01:31,938
You're armed?
1087
01:01:32,105 --> 01:01:35,524
Well, I'm not
getting involved now.
1088
01:01:36,985 --> 01:01:38,785
What are you reaching for
there now? Oh, okay.
1089
01:01:41,989 --> 01:01:45,241
Well, I'm not harassing you
in any way. You stopped...
1090
01:01:46,827 --> 01:01:50,830
I was standing here.
You stopped to talk to me.
1091
01:01:51,040 --> 01:01:52,040
That's, what's...
1092
01:01:53,501 --> 01:01:56,670
Are you declining
an interview? Julie?
1093
01:01:56,796 --> 01:01:58,797
Are you declining to
show me the results?
1094
01:01:58,965 --> 01:02:00,365
I just want to get that officially.
1095
01:02:00,466 --> 01:02:03,051
Are you declining to
show me the results?
1096
01:02:15,438 --> 01:02:17,773
- How's it going?
- Put your hands where I can see.
1097
01:02:17,899 --> 01:02:19,233
What's going on?
1098
01:02:20,860 --> 01:02:22,945
- We're making a documentary.
- Okay.
1099
01:02:23,113 --> 01:02:25,489
- Do you have any lD on you?
- Yeah. Sure.
1100
01:02:25,615 --> 01:02:26,740
Were you on her property?
1101
01:02:26,825 --> 01:02:29,451
No, I was on the public road there
on a phone and she pulled up.
1102
01:02:29,619 --> 01:02:31,954
I actually was standing on the road
1103
01:02:32,080 --> 01:02:33,247
and she pulled up and
we had this conversation
1104
01:02:33,373 --> 01:02:34,915
while she was in her car.
1105
01:02:35,041 --> 01:02:37,001
All right. Did you say you were
gonna take water from her house
1106
01:02:37,127 --> 01:02:38,669
without her permission
or something?
1107
01:02:38,837 --> 01:02:40,504
No, I asked her
to provide me with water.
1108
01:02:40,672 --> 01:02:43,257
Oh, you just asked her if she would
voluntarily provide you with water?
1109
01:02:43,383 --> 01:02:44,717
- Yes.
- Okay, all right.
1110
01:02:44,884 --> 01:02:46,260
So you never said anything about,
I'm gonna come on your property
1111
01:02:46,386 --> 01:02:48,846
and take your water when you're
gone or something like that?
1112
01:02:48,972 --> 01:02:50,806
- Absolutely not.
- Okay.
1113
01:02:50,931 --> 01:02:52,015
Okay, all right.
Okay, I'm just gonna...
1114
01:02:52,141 --> 01:02:56,853
- Did she say that?
- Yes. So that's why I'm here.
1115
01:03:00,482 --> 01:03:02,817
What was Julie Sautner
trying to hide?
1116
01:03:02,943 --> 01:03:07,030
Why would she not release the
findings of the EPA's water testing?
1117
01:03:07,197 --> 01:03:10,074
A source told me that three senior
EPA officials had given her
1118
01:03:10,242 --> 01:03:12,452
the results
and that the meeting was filmed.
1119
01:03:12,619 --> 01:03:15,079
Through a Freedom of
information request,
1120
01:03:15,205 --> 01:03:17,665
I managed to get hold of the tape.
1121
01:03:17,791 --> 01:03:19,459
It showed the EPA
telling the Sautners
1122
01:03:19,626 --> 01:03:21,252
that their water
was not contaminated.
1123
01:03:21,378 --> 01:03:24,881
Their reaction to this good news
was rather strange.
1124
01:03:25,049 --> 01:03:27,175
Oh, my God,
I just can't believe you people!
1125
01:03:27,300 --> 01:03:29,551
She's discussed us with everybody.
She's got a problem.
1126
01:03:29,677 --> 01:03:32,220
- That's... lookit...
- No, I'm...
1127
01:03:32,388 --> 01:03:34,222
- Right here...
- Sit down...
1128
01:03:34,348 --> 01:03:36,183
I'm not sitting anywhere.
I'm done with this. I am.
1129
01:03:36,309 --> 01:03:37,709
- Right here.
- You can finish this.
1130
01:03:37,810 --> 01:03:41,104
I'm done. I'm getting myself
too upset for this shit!
1131
01:03:41,230 --> 01:03:43,815
No, this is bullcrap, man!
I'm sick and tired of this!
1132
01:03:43,983 --> 01:03:46,276
What happened to you people?
Really?
1133
01:03:46,402 --> 01:03:47,882
- Listen...
- You guys aren't the same
1134
01:03:47,987 --> 01:03:50,447
as you were two months ago,
three months ago.
1135
01:03:50,573 --> 01:03:52,115
You think I made this stuff up?
1136
01:03:52,241 --> 01:03:54,659
This is... this is...
this... you're out of here?
1137
01:03:54,786 --> 01:03:56,306
Yeah. I'm not gonna...
this is getting...
1138
01:03:56,329 --> 01:03:58,747
if you want to sit down
and talk rationally to me...
1139
01:03:58,873 --> 01:04:01,750
How can I talk rationally if you guys
won't listen to anything we say?
1140
01:04:01,918 --> 01:04:04,198
- I'm listening to you...
- You're saying my water's fine!
1141
01:04:04,294 --> 01:04:05,294
And we can drink it!
1142
01:04:05,295 --> 01:04:06,921
We're telling you
we tested your water.
1143
01:04:07,047 --> 01:04:10,216
At this point in time we found
no contaminants in it.
1144
01:04:13,386 --> 01:04:15,596
Campaigns
by people like the Sautners
1145
01:04:15,722 --> 01:04:19,058
bring bans and moratoriums
on fracking around the world.
1146
01:04:20,685 --> 01:04:24,772
These bans have consequences,
because energy really matters.
1147
01:04:28,485 --> 01:04:32,780
We all love energy,
even if we don't realize we do.
1148
01:04:32,948 --> 01:04:34,907
Just think about all
the things you love.
1149
01:04:35,075 --> 01:04:37,868
Your friends,
lazy afternoons together,
1150
01:04:37,994 --> 01:04:40,079
experimenting with the latest recipe,
1151
01:04:40,204 --> 01:04:43,623
new ideas, solving
the world's problems,
1152
01:04:43,791 --> 01:04:47,544
capturing moments,
making your voices heard.
1153
01:04:47,628 --> 01:04:51,339
We might not realize it, but we'd
really hate not having energy.
1154
01:04:51,465 --> 01:04:53,675
We'd die not having it.
1155
01:04:54,385 --> 01:04:57,971
We can see the places in the world
with lots of cheap energy.
1156
01:04:58,139 --> 01:05:00,265
They're the places
with their lights on.
1157
01:05:00,432 --> 01:05:03,810
In these countries,
people live long and live well.
1158
01:05:03,936 --> 01:05:07,897
These lights mean millions of people
get to follow their dreams.
1159
01:05:08,023 --> 01:05:11,192
Somewhere behind one of these lights,
a child is studying hard,
1160
01:05:11,360 --> 01:05:14,362
and will grow up to invent
the next medical miracle.
1161
01:05:14,530 --> 01:05:17,698
Somewhere else there's a
Steve Jobs creating the things
1162
01:05:17,824 --> 01:05:20,075
we can't even imagine right now.
1163
01:05:20,201 --> 01:05:22,452
And somewhere else there's
a kid who will one day
1164
01:05:22,579 --> 01:05:24,955
write and make a movie
like Avatar
1165
01:05:25,081 --> 01:05:27,958
that nearly the whole world
will watch and enjoy.
1166
01:05:28,168 --> 01:05:30,419
But it's not like this everywhere.
1167
01:05:30,587 --> 01:05:33,297
In the dark places,
energy is scarce,
1168
01:05:33,423 --> 01:05:36,216
and life is cruel
and life is short.
1169
01:05:36,342 --> 01:05:39,553
People who live there can only dream
of what life could be like.
1170
01:05:39,679 --> 01:05:41,805
But their dreams will
never come true.
1171
01:05:42,473 --> 01:05:44,516
Energy has allowed my friend Bart
1172
01:05:44,684 --> 01:05:47,144
to save his childhood friend's life.
1173
01:05:47,270 --> 01:05:49,438
Bart donated his kidney to Linc
1174
01:05:49,564 --> 01:05:52,858
in an operation that used outrageous
amounts of electricity.
1175
01:05:53,025 --> 01:05:57,361
That electricity, that energy,
and Bart's astonishing generosity,
1176
01:05:57,487 --> 01:05:59,697
saved Linc from certain death
1177
01:05:59,865 --> 01:06:02,408
and gave Claire and Lucy
back their father
1178
01:06:02,576 --> 01:06:04,744
and Laurie back her husband.
1179
01:06:04,912 --> 01:06:08,039
Energy matters.
It really matters.
1180
01:06:08,207 --> 01:06:12,293
It makes everything better.
It's not at all ordinary.
1181
01:06:12,419 --> 01:06:16,297
We take it for granted because we
have never known life without it.
1182
01:06:16,423 --> 01:06:18,966
We really shouldn't.
1183
01:06:23,472 --> 01:06:27,350
This has been quite a journey.
I discovered a lot.
1184
01:06:27,517 --> 01:06:30,310
Josh Fox was wrong
about fracking.
1185
01:06:30,436 --> 01:06:32,812
It didn't make water flammable.
1186
01:06:32,939 --> 01:06:36,274
It's not exempt from
environmental regulations.
1187
01:06:36,400 --> 01:06:38,526
It doesn't contaminate water.
1188
01:06:38,653 --> 01:06:41,905
Fracking is not causing
dangerous earthquakes,
1189
01:06:42,031 --> 01:06:44,991
and it's not causing
widespread illness and death.
1190
01:06:45,952 --> 01:06:50,622
All those wrongs affected the lives
of a lot of ordinary people.
1191
01:06:51,874 --> 01:06:54,709
I thought it was time to put
some questions to Josh Fox.
1192
01:07:03,970 --> 01:07:06,387
- Hello?
- Hi, is that Josh?
1193
01:07:06,513 --> 01:07:08,430
- Yes.
- Hi, Josh, this is
1194
01:07:08,598 --> 01:07:12,393
Phelim McAleer, the director
of FrackNation documentary.
1195
01:07:13,311 --> 01:07:20,776
Hello?
1196
01:07:26,616 --> 01:07:28,158
Hey, this is Josh Fox.
1197
01:07:28,326 --> 01:07:31,537
Please leave me a message.
Thanks very much. Bye.
1198
01:07:33,081 --> 01:07:37,835
Hi, Josh, this is Phelim McAleer,
the director of FrackNation.
1199
01:07:38,003 --> 01:07:40,296
I have just tried
to call you there
1200
01:07:40,463 --> 01:07:45,341
and I'm not sure what happened.
I think maybe you hung up on me,
1201
01:07:45,467 --> 01:07:49,429
but I really want to do an interview
with you for FrackNation.
1202
01:07:49,555 --> 01:07:51,264
I've uncovered some things that...
1203
01:07:51,807 --> 01:07:54,058
I left a number of messages.
1204
01:07:54,184 --> 01:07:55,768
I got no response.
1205
01:07:55,936 --> 01:07:57,979
He seemed to want
to avoid my questions.
1206
01:08:00,482 --> 01:08:03,318
But then I heard Josh Fox
was appearing
1207
01:08:03,485 --> 01:08:05,820
at the Hammer Museum in Los Angeles.
1208
01:08:05,988 --> 01:08:09,282
This was going to be my chance
to get some answers.
1209
01:08:09,408 --> 01:08:13,911
Josh, Phelim McAleer.
You hung up on me the other day.
1210
01:08:14,038 --> 01:08:16,164
There's a lot of questions
I've come across.
1211
01:08:16,332 --> 01:08:17,373
I'm just looking for an interview.
1212
01:08:17,499 --> 01:08:20,083
You don't want to answer questions?
1213
01:08:31,971 --> 01:08:33,597
The farmers of
Pennsylvania would like
1214
01:08:33,765 --> 01:08:36,350
to also ask you some questions.
1215
01:08:41,356 --> 01:08:43,076
As a journalist, would you
not be interested
1216
01:08:43,232 --> 01:08:45,233
in answering a few questions?
1217
01:08:54,077 --> 01:08:55,796
Hey, what are you doing?
What are you doing?
1218
01:08:59,915 --> 01:09:01,624
I'm gonna ask you to
please leave the property.
1219
01:09:01,750 --> 01:09:04,543
You are asked to leave.
You are asked to leave.
1220
01:09:09,132 --> 01:09:14,136
Josh, what about the water in Dimock?
Ls the water clean in Dimock?
1221
01:09:22,687 --> 01:09:24,480
There's blood.
1222
01:09:27,067 --> 01:09:28,908
She stole it. She stole
the phone from my hand.
1223
01:09:29,027 --> 01:09:32,904
Like she just... l had to fight her
to get my phone back.
1224
01:09:33,072 --> 01:09:34,239
She did that to you?
1225
01:09:34,407 --> 01:09:37,742
Yeah, she snatched
the phone from my hand.
1226
01:09:37,868 --> 01:09:39,661
I had to fight her
to get my phone back.
1227
01:09:39,787 --> 01:09:40,578
She took it from you?
1228
01:09:40,746 --> 01:09:43,832
Yeah, because I was filming
a public event in Hammer Museum.
1229
01:09:43,999 --> 01:09:46,501
And that's the wound!
1230
01:09:46,710 --> 01:09:49,587
So there is, you know,
there will be blood!
1231
01:09:49,713 --> 01:09:51,673
- There will be blood.
- Yeah.105490
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