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(cheering) NARRATOR:
The British Royal Family.
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One of the most famous
dynasties in the world.
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CROWD: God save the Queen.
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NARRATOR:
For more than a century,
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the lives of the Windsors
have enthralled the nation,
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mesmerised the press,
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and inspired
some of the most popular films
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and dramas of recent decades.
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But what's fact,
and what's fiction?
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There were rumours
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that not everything was right
in the marriage.
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PIERS BRENDON: He was only on
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extremely lose terms
with monogamy.
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KATIE: That was the moment
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when the Palace absolutely
lost grip of the narrative.
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NARRATOR: In this series,
we delve deep into the archives
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to reveal controversial
documents concealed for decades
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ROBERT HARDMAN:
This is a hand-written note
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saying: "We're going to tap
the King's phone".
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NARRATOR:
And meet royal insiders
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who witnessed history
first-hand.
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INDIA HICKS: She steps out
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and we realise
this is a horror story.
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About four feet from the Princess.
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It was the first sign
something was wrong.
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NARRATOR:
In this episode, we explore
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how the Queen has managed
some of her greatest trials
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and tribulations.
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Anything that could go wrong
did go wrong.
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It was like slap, slap, slap
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across the face
of the royal family.
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NARRATOR:
From scandal and disaster...
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The flames seemed to be
200 feet high.
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PENNY JUNOR:
She's standing there,
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this small figure
in a raincoat.
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PIERS BRENDON:
You could see it in her face.
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The emotion was palpable.
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NARRATOR:
To tragedy and murder...
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My brother and I
were at the castle
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and we actually heard
the bomb go off.
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WILLIAM EVANS:
Blew it to smithereens.
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And of course,
there was nothing left.
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NARRATOR: And find out
what it takes to be Queen
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when your family,
and the nation,
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are tested to the limit.
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REPORTER:
She's getting out of the car...
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JANE RIDLEY: Nobody knew
what the reaction would be.
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EMILY: It was a very dangerous
time for the royal family.
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PENNY JUNIOR: Being Queen,
monarch, is a very lonely job.
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Captions edited by Ai-Media
ai-media.tv
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NARRATOR:
Grenfell Tower, June 2017.
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The worst residential fire
in the UK
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since World War II.
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Seventy-two people were killed.
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Dozens more were injured.
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(crowd shouting)
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NARRATOR: As survivors
struggled to cope,
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politicians became the target
of public anger.
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(crowd shouting)
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I was down there at the time.
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Tempers were at breaking point.
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I remember standing in the crowd
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at the sports hall
just under the A40,
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and suddenly this...
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well... silence.
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Here was the Queen.
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REPORTER:
"It's appalling sight", she said
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after hearing about the flames.
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But she has clearly noticed
how this community
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has pulled together to help.
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JANE RIDLEY:
She was talking to people,
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without any the of protocol
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and people surrounding her.
It was just the Queen.
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Defusing some of the anger
and some of the emotion.
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I think when you have a colossal
tragedy or national shock,
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all the usual responses
are there:
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anger, incomprehension.
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And the Queen somehow
rises above that.
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When she appears,
it's a different mood.
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I think it's come over
very strongly
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how good the community
has been to help.
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KATIE NICHOLL:
There she is, looking strong,
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smiling, giving comfort.
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And that's what the Queen does
at times of national tragedy.
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NARRATOR: Just three weeks
before Grenfell,
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the Queen had gone to Manchester
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in the wake
of the concert bombing.
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REPORTER: Throughout
Manchester's Children's Hospital
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there was a ripple of excitement
when news spread this morning
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of the Queen's
unexpected arrival here.
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SARAH GRISTWOOD:
The royal family in general,
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the Queen in particular,
are meant to act
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as national conduits of feeling.
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So when the Queen turns up
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at the site
of the Manchester bombings,
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at Grenfell tower,
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it is as if the whole nation
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is showing their sympathy,
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and that perhaps
is their function.
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REPORTER: What the Queen
called a wicked act
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had, she said,
brought this city together.
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Very interesting how everybody
has united, haven't they, here.
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MAN: It's been amazing.
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WESLEY: The thing with the Queen is
that she's always herself.
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She's not some actress
putting on a part.
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So, she's going there
because she feels
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it's her duty to be there.
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SARAH GRISTWOOD:
It's a hard role
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to tread between,
on the one hand
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being stoical, being brave.
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QUEEN:
You enjoyed the concert,
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- Yeah, it was really good.
- Was it?
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And on the other,
showing that they feel
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and perhaps
the balance has swung
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over the Queen's reign.
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I got to meet her before
the concert, she was lovely.
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- Really?
- Yeah.
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SARAH GRISTWOOD: Perhaps
at first it was about showing
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courage, steadfastness.
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Now it's a little more
about showing feeling.
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But the important thing is just for
the Queen to be there.
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It's almost like
as the mother of the nation,
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as she is supposed to be.
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You just want mummy
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to be there
in times of national trouble.
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(applause)
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NARRATOR: By rushing
to Grenfell and Manchester
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immediately after
those disasters,
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the Queen got the mood
of the nation right.
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But 50 years earlier,
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her judgement was not as sure.
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On the 21st October 1966,
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a slag heap collapsed
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upon the South Wales
mining village of Aberfan,
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engulfing
the local primary school.
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REPORTER: The school lay
in the direct path
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of the disintegrating
man-made mud...
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NARRATOR:
144 people were killed,
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116 of them children.
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REPORTER: Their children
were buried in that mud,
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mud almost filled the classroom.
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With shovels, if necessary,
with bare hands,
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they pitted themselves
against the uncounted
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tonnes of slimy filth.
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NARRATOR: Aberfan
was one of the first
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great national disasters
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that the Queen had to handle.
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She issued a statement
expressing her condolences,
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but rather than going
straight to the scene
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she waited
and sent Prince Philip instead.
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The reason that she gave
for this delay
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was that she thought
that if she was there,
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she would attract attention,
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when people should be
dealing with their grief,
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and that's what
she wanted to avoid.
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SARAH GRISTWOOD:
She said that she was terrified
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that all the fuss,
that would accompany her visit,
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might mean, god forbid,
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that some child
was missed in the wreckage.
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But it was misunderstood.
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JANE RIDLEY: A lot of people
were incredibly critical,
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"the monarchy doesn't care",
etc.
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SARAH GRISTWOOD:
It was a huge national tragedy
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and still the Queen
did not show up.
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NARRATOR: But now, Daily Mail
journalist, Robert Hardman,
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believes there was
another little-known reason
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the Queen didn't rush
to the scene.
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ROBERT HARDMAN: What
everyone I've spoken to about it
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says is that
the Queen was really worried
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that she would let
the side down.
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She didn't want to go there
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and make things worse
for these families.
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She was a young mother.
Prince Edward was a baby
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and she knew
that she was going to be
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as overwhelmed
as everybody else was.
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And the last thing people want
is a sobbing Queen,
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crying on their shoulder.
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NARRATOR: The tragedy of Aberfa
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presented a dilemma
for the Queen
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as leader of the nation.
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KATIE NICHOLL: How much
of yourself do you show,
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when you are confronted
with death,
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with trauma, with a disaster?
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Of course, you don't want
to be seen as apathetic.
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But also, we don't want
to see the Queen
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collapse, unable to cope,
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overcome with emotion at times
when we are looking to her
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to keep the nation together.
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NARRATOR: Finally,
eight days after the tragedy,
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and under mounting criticism,
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the Queen made the journey
to Aberfan
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to pay her respects.
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JANE:
When eventually she did go,
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at the end of the week,
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you could see she was genuinely moved
by the tragedy of it.
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PENNY JUNOR:
When she actually arrived,
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she spoke with families.
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There was one woman who'd lost
seven members of her family.
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And the Queen just sat with her,
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quietly, saying nothing,
for half an hour.
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That was the Queen
showing her humanity.
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KATIE NICHOLL: The occasions
when you see the Queen display
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her grief, those occasions
are very few and far between.
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But you really do see
that emotion in her face.
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JANE RIDLEY:
She saved the situation
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and I think the lesson was,
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that it's really important
to make an instant appearance
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and not to wait.
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NARRATOR: The Queen learnt
from her mistake at Aberfan.
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Over the past 50 years, she has
worked hard to make up for it,
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returning to the village four times
to meet bereaved families.
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(crowd cheering)
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ROBERT: If you ask anyone who's
worked with the Queen a long time
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to name her regrets,
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one that usually pops up
is Aberfan.
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SARAH GRISTWOOD: The Queen said that
she has to be seen to be believed,
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it's one
of her favourite mottos,
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but she has also to be seen to feel,
to care.
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00:10:09,040 --> 00:10:11,560
NARRATOR:
But 13 years after Aberfan,
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the Queen would again
be tested by tragedy,
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and this time it would strike
at the heart of her own family.
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The bomb was placed in the decking
just under here.
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We saw the police rush back.
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There was utter mayhem.
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(crowd cheering)
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NARRATOR: Winter 2019.
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Britain is bitterly divided
by the Brexit crisis.
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(crowd shouting)
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NARRATOR:
On the 24th of January,
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the Queen makes a telling speech
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to the Sandringham branch
of the Women's Institute,
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that's read
as an allusion to Brexit.
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She talks of the importance
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00:10:58,440 --> 00:11:01,160
of "respecting the other
person's point of view",
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00:11:01,240 --> 00:11:03,240
seeking out "common ground"
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00:11:03,320 --> 00:11:06,360
and "never losing sight
of the bigger picture".
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00:11:06,440 --> 00:11:09,720
PIERS BRENDON: This is the stuff
of what being a sovereign is.
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Uniting rather than dividing.
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00:11:12,000 --> 00:11:14,000
It would be very interesting
to know
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00:11:14,080 --> 00:11:17,000
what the Queen thought
about Brexit.
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00:11:17,080 --> 00:11:20,040
But she has transcended
all that.
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00:11:20,120 --> 00:11:23,520
PENNY JUNOR: The monarchy
should be a unifying factor.
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00:11:23,600 --> 00:11:26,800
People up and down the country
admire her,
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00:11:26,880 --> 00:11:28,920
even republicans admire her.
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00:11:29,000 --> 00:11:31,640
They may dislike the principle,
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00:11:31,720 --> 00:11:34,240
but they cannot fault the woman.
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She is all things to all man
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and that really works.
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NARRATOR: In a divided country,
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it often falls to the monarch
251
00:11:44,200 --> 00:11:46,320
to lead the work
of reconciliation.
252
00:11:46,400 --> 00:11:49,120
But some
of the most painful conflicts
253
00:11:49,200 --> 00:11:50,800
the Queen has had to deal with
254
00:11:50,880 --> 00:11:52,640
have been within her own family.
255
00:11:52,720 --> 00:11:54,840
REPORTER: It's fitting
that here, the present Queen
256
00:11:54,920 --> 00:11:56,560
should meet the Duke
and Duchess of Windsor.
257
00:11:56,640 --> 00:11:59,640
He is her uncle
and when he gave up the throne,
258
00:11:59,720 --> 00:12:02,480
Princess Elizabeth was a girl
only ten years old.
259
00:12:02,560 --> 00:12:06,960
NARRATOR: In 1972, the Queen
would attempt to make peace
260
00:12:07,040 --> 00:12:09,400
with the man who nearly
brought down the monarchy.
261
00:12:09,480 --> 00:12:13,600
PIERS BRENDON:
The vendetta had been incredibly
262
00:12:13,680 --> 00:12:17,600
long lived, bitter, horrible.
263
00:12:17,680 --> 00:12:22,320
And the Queen Mother had
been utterly unforgiving.
264
00:12:22,400 --> 00:12:25,080
NARRATOR: The Queen's mission
would coincide
265
00:12:25,160 --> 00:12:26,720
with a state visit to France
266
00:12:26,800 --> 00:12:29,440
as Britain prepared
to join the EEC
267
00:12:29,520 --> 00:12:30,520
the following year.
268
00:12:31,800 --> 00:12:33,600
In the National Archives at Kew
269
00:12:33,680 --> 00:12:35,760
Royal biographer Robert Hardman
270
00:12:35,840 --> 00:12:38,120
has uncovered
some remarkable documents
271
00:12:38,200 --> 00:12:40,240
revealing the planning
of the trip.
272
00:12:40,320 --> 00:12:43,800
Here is this very,
very important state visit,
273
00:12:43,880 --> 00:12:47,280
today we go on about Brexit,
but what we're looking at here
274
00:12:47,360 --> 00:12:49,680
is effectively "Brentry".
275
00:12:49,760 --> 00:12:51,160
This is Britain
going into Europe
276
00:12:51,240 --> 00:12:54,440
with a lot of grandeur,
with balls and dances
277
00:12:54,520 --> 00:12:58,160
and all the pageantry
Britain and France can deploy.
278
00:12:58,240 --> 00:13:00,200
So, this is a very big moment.
279
00:13:02,080 --> 00:13:03,360
NARRATOR: But for the Queen,
280
00:13:03,440 --> 00:13:05,960
the visit also had
a personal dimension.
281
00:13:06,040 --> 00:13:09,560
Paris was the home of her uncle
the Duke of Windsor,
282
00:13:09,640 --> 00:13:11,520
formerly King Edward VIII,
283
00:13:11,600 --> 00:13:14,120
exiled to France
after giving up the throne
284
00:13:14,200 --> 00:13:16,880
for American divorcee
Wallis Simpson.
285
00:13:16,960 --> 00:13:19,920
This was the man
who had abdicated in 1936,
286
00:13:20,000 --> 00:13:23,280
and the abdication had
really shaken the monarchy.
287
00:13:23,360 --> 00:13:25,560
It was a dereliction of duty.
288
00:13:25,640 --> 00:13:28,880
It was the worst thing for the
monarchy in the 20th Century.
289
00:13:28,960 --> 00:13:32,840
And it had defined and shadowed
the reign of the Queen.
290
00:13:34,000 --> 00:13:36,400
NARRATOR: As the Queen prepared
for the state visit,
291
00:13:36,480 --> 00:13:39,120
her uncle was dying
of throat cancer.
292
00:13:39,200 --> 00:13:41,200
ROBERT HARDMAN: Here
we have a letter from the Palace
293
00:13:41,280 --> 00:13:43,240
to the British Ambassador
in Paris,
294
00:13:43,320 --> 00:13:45,600
saying
"Please make sure there is time
295
00:13:45,680 --> 00:13:47,600
in the Queen's schedule
for her to visit
296
00:13:47,680 --> 00:13:49,000
her uncle, the Duke of Windsor.
297
00:13:49,080 --> 00:13:50,720
On the assumption
that His Royal Highness
298
00:13:50,800 --> 00:13:53,080
and the Duchess are going
to be in Paris during the visit,
299
00:13:53,160 --> 00:13:56,000
the Queen would like
to pay them a private visit".
300
00:13:56,080 --> 00:13:58,800
The Duke of Windsor is very,
very unwell.
301
00:13:58,880 --> 00:14:01,360
The Queen fully understands
this may be the last chance
302
00:14:01,440 --> 00:14:02,920
she gets to see him alive.
303
00:14:03,000 --> 00:14:04,680
PIERS BRENDON:
The Queen realised
304
00:14:04,760 --> 00:14:07,480
that for the sake of unity,
305
00:14:07,560 --> 00:14:13,640
to heal this terrible internecine
family rift,
306
00:14:13,720 --> 00:14:15,720
that she should make a gesture
307
00:14:15,800 --> 00:14:19,000
to the Duke of Windsor
at the very end of his life.
308
00:14:20,680 --> 00:14:23,560
NARRATOR: But for the organiser
of the State visit,
309
00:14:23,640 --> 00:14:25,360
the Queen's meeting
with her uncle
310
00:14:25,440 --> 00:14:26,600
was fraught with danger.
311
00:14:28,080 --> 00:14:30,760
At the Embassy, at the Elysee
Palace and at Number 10,
312
00:14:30,840 --> 00:14:33,120
what they're worried about
is what happens if he dies
313
00:14:33,200 --> 00:14:35,640
either during
or just before the visit?
314
00:14:35,720 --> 00:14:39,040
And this causes terrible
diplomatic seizures.
315
00:14:39,120 --> 00:14:42,320
What we have here is a memo
to the Prime Minister
316
00:14:42,400 --> 00:14:44,840
explaining
all the various options.
317
00:14:44,920 --> 00:14:46,760
"The reports
of the duke's health
318
00:14:46,840 --> 00:14:48,840
are becoming more discouraging
and the duke himself
319
00:14:48,920 --> 00:14:51,040
has recently cancelled
a visit to Spain...
320
00:14:51,120 --> 00:14:53,000
Up to what point can he die
321
00:14:53,080 --> 00:14:54,680
without it ruining the visit?"
322
00:14:54,760 --> 00:14:57,040
What it boils down to is
he can die
323
00:14:57,120 --> 00:14:59,080
some weeks before the visit,
324
00:14:59,160 --> 00:15:00,840
he can die after visit.
325
00:15:00,920 --> 00:15:02,240
Just can't happen during.
326
00:15:08,360 --> 00:15:11,320
NARRATOR: Finally,
on the 18th May 1972,
327
00:15:11,400 --> 00:15:14,200
the Queen, with Prince Philip
and Prince Charles,
328
00:15:14,280 --> 00:15:16,720
arrived at her uncle's home
in the West of Paris,
329
00:15:16,800 --> 00:15:18,560
and was ushered upstairs
330
00:15:18,640 --> 00:15:20,280
to the duke's
private sitting room.
331
00:15:24,440 --> 00:15:25,960
ROBERT HARDMAN: It would be
a historic moment
332
00:15:26,040 --> 00:15:27,160
as the two of them met.
333
00:15:27,240 --> 00:15:29,240
The Duke of Windsor was so ill
334
00:15:29,320 --> 00:15:31,680
that his Doctor had implored
him to stay in bed,
335
00:15:31,760 --> 00:15:33,480
and he insisted
that he had to get out of bed
336
00:15:33,560 --> 00:15:36,000
and stand up and bow
to his niece, the Queen.
337
00:15:36,080 --> 00:15:38,240
He even put on a blazer
over his pyjamas
338
00:15:38,320 --> 00:15:40,400
so that he looked smart
for the occasion.
339
00:15:40,480 --> 00:15:42,840
And it took all his strength
to do that.
340
00:15:44,800 --> 00:15:47,240
PIERS BRENDON: He had tubes
sticking into his neck.
341
00:15:47,320 --> 00:15:49,520
And he got up
and he bowed to her.
342
00:15:49,600 --> 00:15:52,640
And it was a most moving moment,
really,
343
00:15:52,720 --> 00:15:55,480
because he had been
bitterly hostile
344
00:15:55,560 --> 00:15:58,880
to George VI,
her father whom she had adored.
345
00:16:00,720 --> 00:16:03,760
ROBERT HARDMAN:
It was a very emotional moment.
346
00:16:03,840 --> 00:16:07,040
The Queen was seen
to dab her eyes as she left,
347
00:16:07,120 --> 00:16:10,560
because she knew that was
the last she'd see of her uncle.
348
00:16:10,640 --> 00:16:12,520
And it took all his strength
to do that
349
00:16:12,600 --> 00:16:14,560
and he then went straight
back to bed,
350
00:16:14,640 --> 00:16:18,120
and then the Queen
had a chat with Wallis Simpson.
351
00:16:20,280 --> 00:16:23,680
PIERS BRENDON:
And just a few days later,
352
00:16:23,760 --> 00:16:24,880
he was dead.
353
00:16:26,280 --> 00:16:28,480
JANE RIDLEY: I think
this is really a significant
354
00:16:28,560 --> 00:16:29,520
and rather moving moment.
355
00:16:31,440 --> 00:16:33,000
In a sense, his death
356
00:16:33,080 --> 00:16:34,960
releases the Queen
from the shadow
357
00:16:35,040 --> 00:16:36,480
of his abdication.
358
00:16:36,560 --> 00:16:38,840
ROBERT HARDMAN:
There was a sense of closure,
359
00:16:38,920 --> 00:16:41,360
this is the end of what had been
360
00:16:41,440 --> 00:16:44,240
a turbulent period
for the monarchy.
361
00:16:44,320 --> 00:16:49,440
PIERS BRENDON: That was
an example of her ability
362
00:16:49,520 --> 00:16:52,720
to draw the curtain
over the past
363
00:16:52,800 --> 00:16:55,160
and to act as a reconciler,
a healer.
364
00:16:55,240 --> 00:16:57,920
And that's the crucial
about monarchy,
365
00:16:58,000 --> 00:17:00,600
that it should
draw people together,
366
00:17:00,680 --> 00:17:02,040
and that's what she did.
367
00:17:10,880 --> 00:17:14,160
(crowd cheering)
368
00:17:14,240 --> 00:17:16,680
NARRATOR: Over the course
of her reign the Queen has acted
369
00:17:16,760 --> 00:17:18,920
as a unifying force
for the nation.
370
00:17:19,000 --> 00:17:22,680
But 40 years after her truce
with her uncle,
371
00:17:22,760 --> 00:17:24,760
the Queen would be called upon
to perform
372
00:17:24,840 --> 00:17:28,000
an even more demanding gesture of
reconciliation:
373
00:17:28,080 --> 00:17:31,280
making peace with a man who had
overseen the murder
374
00:17:31,360 --> 00:17:33,720
of one of her closest relatives.
375
00:17:33,800 --> 00:17:36,600
ROBERT HARDMAN: Lord Mountbatten
was Prince Philip's uncle,
376
00:17:36,680 --> 00:17:40,640
and also a very key player in the
political, military,
377
00:17:40,720 --> 00:17:42,440
social life of the nation.
378
00:17:42,520 --> 00:17:45,800
And he was very close
to the Royal Family.
379
00:17:45,880 --> 00:17:48,320
He was, after all,
great-uncle to Prince Charles
380
00:17:48,400 --> 00:17:50,000
who worshipped him.
381
00:17:54,160 --> 00:17:55,800
NARRATOR: Every August, however
382
00:17:55,880 --> 00:17:58,080
Mountbatten was off
the royal scene,
383
00:17:58,160 --> 00:18:00,280
gathering with
his immediate family
384
00:18:00,360 --> 00:18:01,960
at their summer holiday home,
385
00:18:02,040 --> 00:18:04,720
Classiebawn Castle
in the north-west of Ireland.
386
00:18:04,800 --> 00:18:07,840
WILLIAM EVANS:
The whole coast was so remote,
387
00:18:07,920 --> 00:18:10,320
quiet, it was blissful.
388
00:18:10,400 --> 00:18:14,560
It was one of the most
enchanting places in the world.
389
00:18:16,480 --> 00:18:20,040
NARRATOR: William Evans was
Mountbatten's valet for 10 year
390
00:18:20,120 --> 00:18:23,760
and remembers his boss's love for the
castle and its location.
391
00:18:23,840 --> 00:18:26,080
WILLIAM EVANS:
First morning of the holiday,
392
00:18:26,160 --> 00:18:27,760
he couldn't wait
to get out to sea.
393
00:18:27,840 --> 00:18:32,760
Every second that we had was spent
out lobster fishing.
394
00:18:32,840 --> 00:18:35,240
INDIA HICKS: Shadow V,
my grandfather's fishing boat
395
00:18:35,320 --> 00:18:38,920
was incredibly simple.
There were no frills whatsoever.
396
00:18:39,000 --> 00:18:40,960
And he loved it.
397
00:18:41,040 --> 00:18:44,600
NARRATOR: India Hicks,
Lord Mountbatten's granddaughter
398
00:18:44,680 --> 00:18:46,880
has spoken only rarely
about the holidays
399
00:18:46,960 --> 00:18:49,480
she spent with her grandfather
at Classiebawn.
400
00:18:49,560 --> 00:18:50,720
INDIA:
He would try and get
401
00:18:50,800 --> 00:18:52,040
as many grandchildren
as possible
402
00:18:52,120 --> 00:18:53,160
to come every single day,
403
00:18:53,240 --> 00:18:55,120
and the excitement
of when the lobster pot
404
00:18:55,200 --> 00:18:57,280
was pulled out of the water
and you could smell it,
405
00:18:57,360 --> 00:19:00,520
that Irish smell,
the salt water, the lobsters...
406
00:19:02,240 --> 00:19:03,920
NARRATOR:
But idyllic Classiebawn
407
00:19:04,000 --> 00:19:07,520
is just 18 miles from the border
with Northern Ireland
408
00:19:07,600 --> 00:19:10,880
and in 1979, the Troubles
were at their height.
409
00:19:10,960 --> 00:19:13,360
SARAH GRISTWOOD:
It is extraordinary
410
00:19:13,440 --> 00:19:15,280
that just when tension
and violence
411
00:19:15,360 --> 00:19:16,480
were at their most acute,
412
00:19:16,560 --> 00:19:20,520
Mountbatten still did
his summer holiday in Ireland.
413
00:19:20,600 --> 00:19:22,600
WILLIAM EVANS:
All the family tried their best
414
00:19:22,680 --> 00:19:25,680
but there was no way they would
stop him going to Classiebawn.
415
00:19:27,160 --> 00:19:33,320
NARRATOR: August 27th, 1979
was a glorious day.
416
00:19:33,400 --> 00:19:35,680
Mountbatten
and his extended family,
417
00:19:35,760 --> 00:19:38,040
including his daughter
and twin grandsons,
418
00:19:38,120 --> 00:19:40,200
set out on Shadow V.
419
00:19:40,280 --> 00:19:42,760
But just as they reached
open water,
420
00:19:42,840 --> 00:19:44,600
tragedy struck.
421
00:19:44,680 --> 00:19:48,080
INDIA HICKS: My brother and I
were up at the castle
422
00:19:48,160 --> 00:19:50,320
and we actually heard
the bomb go off.
423
00:19:52,960 --> 00:19:55,360
We saw the police rush back
for their binoculars.
424
00:19:55,440 --> 00:19:57,120
There was utter mayhem.
425
00:19:59,080 --> 00:20:02,360
The bomb was placed in the decking,
just under here,
426
00:20:02,440 --> 00:20:05,120
which is just close to where
the steering wheel is.
427
00:20:05,200 --> 00:20:08,320
This is exactly as the
Shadow V would have been,
428
00:20:08,400 --> 00:20:10,040
coming out of the black rocks.
429
00:20:10,120 --> 00:20:11,480
Lord Mountbatten's on the wheel,
430
00:20:11,560 --> 00:20:13,920
and up above is a coast road,
431
00:20:14,000 --> 00:20:15,840
where the terrorists
were waiting
432
00:20:15,920 --> 00:20:18,560
to remotely control the bomb.
433
00:20:18,640 --> 00:20:20,560
Blew it to smithereens.
434
00:20:21,920 --> 00:20:23,240
Of course
there was nothing left.
435
00:20:26,200 --> 00:20:29,560
NARRATOR: Lord Mountbatten,
one of his twin grandsons,
436
00:20:29,640 --> 00:20:31,600
fourteen-year-old
Nicholas Knatchbull,
437
00:20:31,680 --> 00:20:35,680
and a 15-year-old crew member,
Paul Maxwell, were killed.
438
00:20:35,760 --> 00:20:38,120
Another passenger,
439
00:20:38,200 --> 00:20:40,160
the Dowager Lady Brabourne,
440
00:20:40,240 --> 00:20:42,080
died the next day in hospital.
441
00:20:42,160 --> 00:20:45,760
ROBERT HARDMAN: It would be hard
to define a more cowardly attack
442
00:20:45,840 --> 00:20:48,680
in the annals
of high-profile terrorism
443
00:20:48,760 --> 00:20:51,440
than to blow up a grandfather
444
00:20:51,520 --> 00:20:53,960
with his children
out fishing on holiday.
445
00:20:56,960 --> 00:20:58,520
NARRATOR:
The Queen was at Balmoral
446
00:20:58,600 --> 00:20:59,720
when she received the news
447
00:20:59,800 --> 00:21:01,480
of Mountbatten's death.
448
00:21:01,560 --> 00:21:04,240
SARAH GRISTWOOD:
The twin who was not killed,
449
00:21:04,320 --> 00:21:07,040
later came up to Balmoral.
450
00:21:07,120 --> 00:21:11,760
And he arrived late at the night and
the whole house was shut up,
451
00:21:11,840 --> 00:21:14,880
and the Queen rushes
down the corridor
452
00:21:14,960 --> 00:21:18,560
to greet him, to sort of
enfold him, if you like.
453
00:21:18,640 --> 00:21:22,640
And that's a side of the Queen
we don't often see.
454
00:21:25,200 --> 00:21:27,320
JANE RIDLEY: Mountbatten's death
455
00:21:27,400 --> 00:21:29,240
hit the Royal family
really hard.
456
00:21:29,320 --> 00:21:32,520
I mean, he was very close
to Prince Charles and the Queen.
457
00:21:37,360 --> 00:21:39,360
INDIA HICKS: The day of
my grandfather's assassination,
458
00:21:39,440 --> 00:21:43,120
of course,
is embedded in my memory.
459
00:21:45,240 --> 00:21:50,160
I was lucky that I was at an age
where I was able
460
00:21:50,240 --> 00:21:52,560
to get all of the emotion out,
461
00:21:52,640 --> 00:21:55,920
so I am possibly
more able to look at it
462
00:21:56,000 --> 00:21:58,960
more in the eye than other members
of my family,
463
00:21:59,040 --> 00:22:01,200
who have never recovered.
464
00:22:03,600 --> 00:22:06,920
NARRATOR: 19 years after Lord
Mountbatten's assassination,
465
00:22:07,000 --> 00:22:08,680
the Good Friday Agreement
466
00:22:08,760 --> 00:22:10,600
brought the Troubles to an end.
467
00:22:10,680 --> 00:22:13,760
Martin McGuinness,
an IRA commander
468
00:22:13,840 --> 00:22:16,120
at the time
of Mountbatten's murder,
469
00:22:16,200 --> 00:22:18,400
would become
Deputy First Minister
470
00:22:18,480 --> 00:22:19,680
of Northern Ireland.
471
00:22:19,760 --> 00:22:21,840
ROBERT HARDMAN: From
childhood, the Queen has known
472
00:22:21,920 --> 00:22:24,560
that duty comes first,
it trumps everything else.
473
00:22:24,640 --> 00:22:26,680
Whatever your personal,
private feelings are,
474
00:22:26,760 --> 00:22:28,280
duty calls
475
00:22:28,360 --> 00:22:30,240
and maybe you're not
feeling very well
476
00:22:30,320 --> 00:22:31,360
and you don't want
to do something
477
00:22:31,440 --> 00:22:33,160
or it may mean
you've got to shake hands
478
00:22:33,240 --> 00:22:35,160
with someone who murdered
a member of your family
479
00:22:35,240 --> 00:22:36,200
and tried to kill you.
480
00:22:37,480 --> 00:22:39,400
REPORTER: He was second
in the receiving line,
481
00:22:39,480 --> 00:22:41,560
and it lasted for just a moment.
482
00:22:41,640 --> 00:22:45,120
Extraordinary, nevertheless,
the British sovereign
483
00:22:45,200 --> 00:22:48,560
and a former IRA commander
shaking hands.
484
00:22:48,640 --> 00:22:51,840
PIERS BRENDON:
She showed magnanimity,
485
00:22:51,920 --> 00:22:55,560
and astonishing political savvy
486
00:22:55,640 --> 00:22:58,240
in shaking hands
with Martin McGuinness,
487
00:22:58,320 --> 00:23:01,200
the man who was
probably responsible
488
00:23:01,280 --> 00:23:03,880
for the death
of Lord Mountbatten.
489
00:23:05,280 --> 00:23:07,720
NARRATOR:
Two years later in 2014,
490
00:23:07,800 --> 00:23:11,080
the Queen invited Martin
McGuinness to Windsor Castle,
491
00:23:11,160 --> 00:23:14,560
for a state dinner in honour
of the president of Ireland.
492
00:23:14,640 --> 00:23:16,080
ROBERT HARDMAN:
As Head of State,
493
00:23:16,160 --> 00:23:17,960
she is constitutionally bound
494
00:23:18,040 --> 00:23:19,840
to do what the state
wants her to do,
495
00:23:19,920 --> 00:23:22,440
and if the state
wants her to bury the hatchet,
496
00:23:22,520 --> 00:23:24,040
then that is what she has to do.
497
00:23:24,120 --> 00:23:26,320
JANE: We'll never know how,
privately, she felt about it.
498
00:23:26,400 --> 00:23:30,120
Private grief
is not allowed to trump
499
00:23:30,200 --> 00:23:33,040
public need
for a political reconciliation.
500
00:23:33,120 --> 00:23:35,560
She has embodied
501
00:23:35,640 --> 00:23:39,680
the whole business
of reconciliation
502
00:23:39,760 --> 00:23:41,600
in her own person.
503
00:23:41,680 --> 00:23:44,960
And that is really
quite something
504
00:23:45,040 --> 00:23:48,760
in an age where old hatreds
505
00:23:48,840 --> 00:23:50,920
are extremely difficult
to extinguish.
506
00:23:52,600 --> 00:23:54,960
NARRATOR: Over the decades,
the Queen may have mastered
507
00:23:55,040 --> 00:23:56,560
the art of diplomacy.
508
00:23:56,640 --> 00:23:58,600
But mastering her own family
509
00:23:58,680 --> 00:24:00,640
has always been
more of a challenge.
510
00:24:00,720 --> 00:24:02,240
PENNY JUNOR:
I do not know the Queen coped
511
00:24:02,320 --> 00:24:03,600
with all those catastrophes.
512
00:24:03,680 --> 00:24:06,760
If you think it's "horribilis"
now, just you wait!
513
00:24:13,120 --> 00:24:16,760
NARRATOR: 1992 should have
been a year of celebration,
514
00:24:16,840 --> 00:24:20,080
marking 40 years
since Elizabeth became Queen.
515
00:24:20,160 --> 00:24:23,680
Instead it'd become one
of the most challenging years
516
00:24:23,760 --> 00:24:26,960
of her reign, when her skills
as monarch and mother
517
00:24:27,040 --> 00:24:29,040
would be tested to the limit.
518
00:24:29,120 --> 00:24:32,400
1992 was extraordinary.
519
00:24:32,480 --> 00:24:35,520
It was month after month,
every month
520
00:24:35,600 --> 00:24:37,320
a different scandal.
521
00:24:37,400 --> 00:24:39,640
Started in January,
522
00:24:39,720 --> 00:24:41,920
those pictures of Fergie
523
00:24:42,000 --> 00:24:43,520
and Steve Wyatt.
524
00:24:43,600 --> 00:24:45,240
WESLEY KERR:
Anne and Mark Phillips announced
525
00:24:45,320 --> 00:24:46,600
they were to divorce.
526
00:24:46,680 --> 00:24:48,640
- Divorce?
- MAN: Daily Mirror.
527
00:24:48,720 --> 00:24:50,200
Never been mentioned.
528
00:24:50,280 --> 00:24:53,240
SARAH GRISTWOOD:
Then there was the tour of India
529
00:24:53,320 --> 00:24:55,840
that was supposed
to mark a reconciliation
530
00:24:55,920 --> 00:24:58,800
and instead we saw Diana
photographed
531
00:24:58,880 --> 00:25:00,840
ostentatiously alone.
532
00:25:02,280 --> 00:25:04,800
PENNY JUNOR:
Andrew and Fergie split up.
533
00:25:04,880 --> 00:25:06,240
REPORTER: She's been accused
of extravagance,
534
00:25:06,320 --> 00:25:09,160
bad taste
and an over-exuberant manner...
535
00:25:09,240 --> 00:25:10,520
PENNY JUNOR:
The Squidygate tapes,
536
00:25:10,600 --> 00:25:14,280
late night conversation
between Diana and her lover
537
00:25:14,360 --> 00:25:16,480
recorded and broadcast
to the nation.
538
00:25:16,560 --> 00:25:19,600
SARAH GRISTWOOD:
It was like slap, slap, slap
539
00:25:19,680 --> 00:25:21,800
across the face
of the royal family.
540
00:25:21,880 --> 00:25:24,480
I mean, it just didn't stop.
541
00:25:24,560 --> 00:25:27,280
PENNY JUNOR:
And the paparazzi were out there
542
00:25:27,360 --> 00:25:30,480
trying to get the photographs
to go with all these stories.
543
00:25:30,560 --> 00:25:32,360
JANE RIDLEY:
Fergie is photographed
544
00:25:32,440 --> 00:25:34,040
having her toes kissed
545
00:25:34,120 --> 00:25:35,960
by her financial advisor.
546
00:25:36,040 --> 00:25:37,960
REPORTER: Papers say
the pictures show the truth
547
00:25:38,040 --> 00:25:40,000
about his relationship
with the Duchess.
548
00:25:40,080 --> 00:25:42,840
MAN: What is your relationship
with the Duchess of York?
549
00:25:42,920 --> 00:25:45,600
And they were all at Balmoral
when the news broke
550
00:25:45,680 --> 00:25:49,160
and the Queen had
to come down to breakfast
551
00:25:49,240 --> 00:25:51,760
and see them all
reading the papers.
552
00:25:51,840 --> 00:25:53,080
CHARLES ANSON:
Some of the stories were really
553
00:25:53,160 --> 00:25:54,640
things you wouldn't
have wanted to discuss
554
00:25:54,720 --> 00:25:56,000
with your own family,
555
00:25:56,080 --> 00:25:57,920
let alone
with the Head of State.
556
00:25:58,000 --> 00:25:59,680
SARAH GRISTWOOD:
The Queen herself
557
00:25:59,760 --> 00:26:02,240
is reported
to have said to a friend,
558
00:26:02,320 --> 00:26:04,040
"Where did I go wrong?"
559
00:26:06,120 --> 00:26:07,560
NARRATOR: One event
did more than any other
560
00:26:07,640 --> 00:26:09,320
to shatter
the picture-perfect image
561
00:26:09,400 --> 00:26:10,840
of the Royal Family:
562
00:26:10,920 --> 00:26:12,760
a biography of Princess Diana
563
00:26:12,840 --> 00:26:14,880
by journalist Andrew Morton.
564
00:26:16,240 --> 00:26:17,600
There was a huge build up
565
00:26:17,680 --> 00:26:19,600
to the Andrew Morton book.
566
00:26:19,680 --> 00:26:22,520
And we had an idea of what
was coming but not quite sure
567
00:26:22,600 --> 00:26:24,800
what scale of it
was going to be.
568
00:26:26,000 --> 00:26:27,920
We were told to batten down
the hatches
569
00:26:28,000 --> 00:26:29,840
and try and deal with it
as best we can.
570
00:26:29,920 --> 00:26:32,840
But how do you deal with something
that is there in print?
571
00:26:32,920 --> 00:26:35,320
NARRATOR: The book
contained astonishing,
572
00:26:35,400 --> 00:26:38,840
intimate revelations
about Diana's married life.
573
00:26:38,920 --> 00:26:42,240
PENNY JUNOR: Diana
had spoken via an intermediary
574
00:26:42,320 --> 00:26:46,280
to Andrew Morton about
the horrors of her marriage,
575
00:26:46,360 --> 00:26:49,040
about the coldness
of the royal family,
576
00:26:49,120 --> 00:26:51,080
about everything
that you would never ever,
577
00:26:51,160 --> 00:26:53,480
in a million years,
expect a Princess to talk about.
578
00:26:54,720 --> 00:26:56,600
KEN LENNOX: It went crazy,
it was in Parliament,
579
00:26:56,680 --> 00:26:59,840
it was discussed
in every television programme.
580
00:26:59,920 --> 00:27:01,360
You hear stories about Diana
581
00:27:01,440 --> 00:27:03,120
throwing herself
down a flight of stairs
582
00:27:03,200 --> 00:27:05,560
in front of the Queen Mother,
about bulimia,
583
00:27:05,640 --> 00:27:08,680
about you know unfaithfulness
in the marriage.
584
00:27:11,600 --> 00:27:14,480
PATRICK JEPHSON:
Royal advisers love to control
585
00:27:14,560 --> 00:27:16,880
as much as they can.
586
00:27:16,960 --> 00:27:20,400
Suddenly here was evidence
of a total loss of control.
587
00:27:20,480 --> 00:27:23,840
That was the real earthquake
behind Morton.
588
00:27:25,760 --> 00:27:28,200
PIERS BRENDON:
The problem that the Queen faced
589
00:27:28,280 --> 00:27:30,560
was that the younger
generations of royals
590
00:27:30,640 --> 00:27:35,800
were not adhering to these high
standards
591
00:27:35,880 --> 00:27:37,360
that she herself had set,
592
00:27:37,440 --> 00:27:40,040
and therefore
she was being undermined.
593
00:27:40,120 --> 00:27:42,960
NARRATOR: In the 1980s and '90s
594
00:27:43,040 --> 00:27:45,480
managing the succession
of family scandals
595
00:27:45,560 --> 00:27:49,080
would become one of the Queen's
biggest tests of judgement.
596
00:27:49,160 --> 00:27:50,840
PATRICK JEPHSON:
The Queen's style has been
597
00:27:50,920 --> 00:27:53,280
laissez-faire, sometimes
598
00:27:53,360 --> 00:27:56,000
I thought too laissez-faire.
599
00:27:56,080 --> 00:27:57,640
There were many times
when I was working
600
00:27:57,720 --> 00:28:00,520
for Princess Diana when I wished
The Queen would intervene more,
601
00:28:00,600 --> 00:28:03,160
and I think there were times
when a bit more direction
602
00:28:03,240 --> 00:28:06,200
from above, could have produced
a much happier result.
603
00:28:07,240 --> 00:28:09,640
Sir Martin Charteris,
who was her private secretary,
604
00:28:09,720 --> 00:28:13,720
said that the Queen could judge
when things were going badly,
605
00:28:13,800 --> 00:28:17,080
and she worked
to try and put them right.
606
00:28:17,160 --> 00:28:19,520
Not so good
in taking initiatives,
607
00:28:19,600 --> 00:28:21,160
in doing something new.
608
00:28:22,880 --> 00:28:25,160
NARRATOR: The Queen may have
taken a hands-off approach
609
00:28:25,240 --> 00:28:26,840
to her family troubles,
610
00:28:26,920 --> 00:28:29,040
but later in 1992
611
00:28:29,120 --> 00:28:30,800
she would face a disaster
612
00:28:30,880 --> 00:28:33,240
where she could do
little more than react.
613
00:28:35,040 --> 00:28:37,080
I remember,
it was a Friday morning.
614
00:28:37,160 --> 00:28:41,040
I got the call that there was
a small fire at Windsor.
615
00:28:42,960 --> 00:28:46,080
DICKIE ARBITER: I got a call
from a local radio station
616
00:28:46,160 --> 00:28:48,800
at about quarter to 11,
asking about the fire.
617
00:28:48,880 --> 00:28:50,720
I said, "What fire?"
I didn't know about it.
618
00:28:53,200 --> 00:28:56,080
And I jumped in my car,
and got there in 35 minutes.
619
00:28:57,120 --> 00:29:00,160
There were already something
like 400 media outside.
620
00:29:05,480 --> 00:29:07,600
MAN: From five miles away,
you could see smoke
621
00:29:07,680 --> 00:29:10,560
and you could actually see
flames from about a mile away.
622
00:29:10,640 --> 00:29:12,120
It was horrific.
623
00:29:12,200 --> 00:29:14,160
I was probably the first
BBC reporter there
624
00:29:14,240 --> 00:29:16,440
and it was just astonishing
625
00:29:16,520 --> 00:29:19,960
to see this seemingly
impregnable building in flames.
626
00:29:21,960 --> 00:29:23,760
NARRATOR:
The fire began in the north wing
627
00:29:23,840 --> 00:29:26,880
when an unattended builder's
lamp set fire to a curtain.
628
00:29:30,480 --> 00:29:32,240
ROBERT HARDMAN:
What started as a fire
629
00:29:32,320 --> 00:29:34,240
in a small private chapel
soon spread
630
00:29:34,320 --> 00:29:36,440
to some of the most famous,
famous rooms
631
00:29:36,520 --> 00:29:38,240
where some of
the most important moments
632
00:29:38,320 --> 00:29:39,760
in modern royal history
had happened.
633
00:29:41,520 --> 00:29:43,480
At one point there was
this extraordinary scene
634
00:29:43,560 --> 00:29:46,560
of soldiers, castle staff,
cleaners, cooks,
635
00:29:46,640 --> 00:29:49,720
all passing Leonardo drawings,
carpets,
636
00:29:49,800 --> 00:29:51,960
vases, priceless items
637
00:29:52,040 --> 00:29:54,880
from hand to hand to get them
out of the path of the fire.
638
00:29:56,280 --> 00:29:57,720
NARRATOR: The only member
of the royal family
639
00:29:57,800 --> 00:30:00,800
who was in residence
at the time was Prince Andrew.
640
00:30:00,880 --> 00:30:04,560
Shock, horror,
that it took hold so quickly.
641
00:30:06,080 --> 00:30:07,240
Her Majesty was shocked.
642
00:30:14,440 --> 00:30:16,640
ROBERT HARDMAN: The Queen
arrived to see the house
643
00:30:16,720 --> 00:30:19,320
that she'd grown up in,
a place with so many memories,
644
00:30:19,400 --> 00:30:22,280
the place from which
her family take their name,
645
00:30:22,360 --> 00:30:24,640
and there it was
going up in smoke.
646
00:30:27,200 --> 00:30:28,800
DICKIE: At one stage
you think,
647
00:30:28,880 --> 00:30:30,520
"Well, they've
dampened it down".
648
00:30:30,600 --> 00:30:32,840
and the next thing,
the Brunswick Tower right over
649
00:30:32,920 --> 00:30:34,720
in the north east corner
was like a chimney
650
00:30:34,800 --> 00:30:36,560
with flames shooting out.
651
00:30:41,640 --> 00:30:43,480
NARRATOR: The massive
salvage operation
652
00:30:43,525 --> 00:30:45,520
helped save most
of the priceless furniture.
653
00:30:45,600 --> 00:30:48,960
But the fire had destroyed
over 100 rooms.
654
00:30:51,000 --> 00:30:53,600
PIERS BRENDON:
The Queen was devastated by it.
655
00:30:53,680 --> 00:30:55,240
You could see it in her face.
656
00:30:55,320 --> 00:30:58,800
The emotion
was something palpable,
657
00:30:58,880 --> 00:31:02,120
you don't often see
that utterly depressed
658
00:31:02,200 --> 00:31:03,800
look on her features.
659
00:31:05,720 --> 00:31:07,160
There is a photograph of her,
660
00:31:07,240 --> 00:31:09,400
while the fire rages.
661
00:31:09,480 --> 00:31:11,840
This castle that she has loved.
662
00:31:11,920 --> 00:31:13,760
And she's standing there,
663
00:31:13,840 --> 00:31:16,840
this small figure in a raincoat
664
00:31:16,920 --> 00:31:19,040
with a hood put up
over her head.
665
00:31:19,120 --> 00:31:20,520
WESLEY KERR:
What a terrible blow,
666
00:31:20,600 --> 00:31:23,040
personally, that must
have been for the Queen.
667
00:31:23,120 --> 00:31:25,560
She must have felt,
"I'm the custodian of this place
668
00:31:25,640 --> 00:31:27,560
and I've failed in my duties".
669
00:31:27,640 --> 00:31:29,200
(fire roaring)
670
00:31:30,240 --> 00:31:32,880
WESLEY KERR: In the evening,
I drove along the M4
671
00:31:32,960 --> 00:31:34,000
on the way back to London,
672
00:31:34,080 --> 00:31:37,720
and the flames seemed to be
200 feet high,
673
00:31:37,800 --> 00:31:40,240
which you could see
from a couple of miles away.
674
00:31:41,600 --> 00:31:43,480
And it seemed like
the end of the world,
675
00:31:43,560 --> 00:31:45,680
the metaphorical end
of the monarchy.
676
00:31:50,800 --> 00:31:52,600
NARRATOR:
Four days after the fire,
677
00:31:52,680 --> 00:31:55,360
the Queen delivered a speech
at the Guildhall in London.
678
00:31:55,440 --> 00:31:58,440
It was being made
to mark her jubilee,
679
00:31:58,520 --> 00:32:01,800
but at the end of a year
of scandal and disaster
680
00:32:01,880 --> 00:32:04,480
it became a plea
for understanding.
681
00:32:04,560 --> 00:32:06,080
She had a very bad cold
682
00:32:06,160 --> 00:32:10,280
and she'd also breathed in
quite a lot of smoke.
683
00:32:10,360 --> 00:32:13,480
She was having
some difficulty speaking,
684
00:32:13,560 --> 00:32:15,560
and she said
to her private secretary,
685
00:32:15,640 --> 00:32:18,160
"I think I'd really rather ask
686
00:32:18,240 --> 00:32:20,240
the Duke of Edinburgh
if he can deliver this".
687
00:32:20,320 --> 00:32:21,920
And her advisor said, "No, look,
688
00:32:22,000 --> 00:32:23,640
I think you need
to make this speech".
689
00:32:23,720 --> 00:32:28,160
1992 is not a year
690
00:32:28,240 --> 00:32:30,200
on which I shall look back
691
00:32:30,280 --> 00:32:32,200
with undiluted pleasure.
692
00:32:32,280 --> 00:32:35,160
It's a speech that's remembered
for two words in particular.
693
00:32:35,240 --> 00:32:39,680
It has turned out
to be an Annus Horribilis.
694
00:32:39,760 --> 00:32:43,000
Or to transpose it
into the Sun's charming argot,
695
00:32:43,080 --> 00:32:44,960
"One's Bum Year".
696
00:32:45,040 --> 00:32:47,520
I think she felt those two words
really summed up
697
00:32:47,600 --> 00:32:49,280
the year that
she'd been through.
698
00:32:49,360 --> 00:32:52,760
I sometimes wonder
how future generations
699
00:32:52,840 --> 00:32:56,360
will judge the events
of this tumultuous year.
700
00:32:57,720 --> 00:32:59,520
I dare say that history
701
00:32:59,600 --> 00:33:02,360
will take a slightly
more moderate view
702
00:33:02,440 --> 00:33:05,320
than that of some
contemporary commentators.
703
00:33:05,400 --> 00:33:08,440
PENNY JUNOR: I think
that was another rare moment
704
00:33:08,520 --> 00:33:12,200
where you saw
the vulnerability of this woman.
705
00:33:12,280 --> 00:33:16,080
She may be monarch,
but she is still,
706
00:33:16,160 --> 00:33:21,320
underneath it all, a woman who feels
and...
707
00:33:23,240 --> 00:33:25,840
and hurts just as we all do.
708
00:33:25,920 --> 00:33:29,400
I think everybody realised,
yes, of course
709
00:33:29,480 --> 00:33:31,400
various members
of the Royal Family
710
00:33:31,480 --> 00:33:33,160
have made mistakes,
things have been done
711
00:33:33,240 --> 00:33:34,600
that shouldn't have been done.
712
00:33:34,680 --> 00:33:37,040
But that speech
and that moment summed up
713
00:33:37,120 --> 00:33:38,400
this is a human institution.
714
00:33:38,480 --> 00:33:41,720
And it did have that effect
of turning things round.
715
00:33:45,360 --> 00:33:46,760
NARRATOR: But five years later,
716
00:33:46,840 --> 00:33:49,680
the Queen would face
an even greater tragedy
717
00:33:49,760 --> 00:33:52,200
that would shake the monarchy
to its core.
718
00:33:52,280 --> 00:33:54,400
PENNY JUNOR:
The country was desperate
719
00:33:54,480 --> 00:33:56,840
for some sign of grief
720
00:33:56,920 --> 00:33:58,280
from this royal family.
721
00:33:58,360 --> 00:34:01,240
It's disgusting that they've
not appeared or said a word.
722
00:34:01,320 --> 00:34:03,200
EMILY ANDREWS:
It was a very dangerous time,
723
00:34:03,280 --> 00:34:04,760
I think, for the royal family.
724
00:34:11,480 --> 00:34:14,600
NARRATOR:
On the 31st August 1997,
725
00:34:14,680 --> 00:34:16,320
The Queen was at Balmoral
726
00:34:16,400 --> 00:34:18,200
on her annual summer holiday
727
00:34:18,280 --> 00:34:21,400
when she was awoken in the early
hours of the morning.
728
00:34:21,480 --> 00:34:24,080
We have reports from Paris
729
00:34:24,160 --> 00:34:26,200
that Diana, Princess of Wales,
730
00:34:26,280 --> 00:34:28,320
has been killed
in a car accident.
731
00:34:28,400 --> 00:34:32,680
They were apparently being pursued by
paparazzi on two motorcycles.
732
00:34:32,760 --> 00:34:35,560
WESLEY KERR: In terms
of the death of an individual,
733
00:34:35,640 --> 00:34:37,680
it was perhaps
the biggest story in the world
734
00:34:37,760 --> 00:34:39,840
since JF Kennedy's
assassination.
735
00:34:39,920 --> 00:34:42,120
And it just was astonishing
736
00:34:42,200 --> 00:34:45,680
how many people seemed
to be personally affected
737
00:34:45,760 --> 00:34:47,760
because she had been
this universal
738
00:34:47,840 --> 00:34:49,240
much-loved figure.
739
00:34:51,160 --> 00:34:54,160
NARRATOR:
Diana's death shocked the world.
740
00:34:54,240 --> 00:34:56,320
But rather than
rush back to London
741
00:34:56,400 --> 00:34:58,080
to lead the nation in grief,
742
00:34:58,160 --> 00:35:00,240
the Queen remained at Balmoral.
743
00:35:02,160 --> 00:35:04,120
PATRICK JEPHSON: Well,
I remember I came up to London
744
00:35:04,200 --> 00:35:07,120
and when I got to the top
of The Mall, I realised
745
00:35:07,200 --> 00:35:10,720
that Buckingham Palace
was totally... shut.
746
00:35:10,800 --> 00:35:12,760
There were no lights,
there was nothing.
747
00:35:12,840 --> 00:35:16,960
Yet thousands of people,
very quietly had come there,
748
00:35:17,040 --> 00:35:19,840
and there was nobody at home.
749
00:35:21,360 --> 00:35:23,160
EMILY ANDREWS: There was
no information coming out.
750
00:35:23,240 --> 00:35:24,640
They weren't briefing the press,
751
00:35:24,720 --> 00:35:26,600
they were kind of on lockdown,
there was no information.
752
00:35:26,680 --> 00:35:29,760
PENNY JUNOR: Clearly,
the country was desperate
753
00:35:29,840 --> 00:35:32,880
for some sign of grief
754
00:35:32,960 --> 00:35:34,640
from this royal family,
who just seemed
755
00:35:34,720 --> 00:35:38,120
to be carrying on as normal.
756
00:35:38,200 --> 00:35:39,840
REPORTER:
For the past five days,
757
00:35:39,920 --> 00:35:42,440
most of the royal family,
including the Queen
758
00:35:42,520 --> 00:35:45,920
have been 521 miles away
at Balmoral,
759
00:35:46,000 --> 00:35:49,320
leaving the palace empty
with no flag flying.
760
00:35:51,240 --> 00:35:53,320
People wanted to see the Queen.
761
00:35:53,400 --> 00:35:54,880
Where's our Queen?
762
00:35:54,960 --> 00:35:56,440
Where are you, ma'am?
Where's our flag?
763
00:35:56,520 --> 00:35:59,480
Speak to us ma'am,
your people need you.
764
00:35:59,560 --> 00:36:01,280
Show us you care.
765
00:36:02,840 --> 00:36:05,360
Very, very, very disgraceful
and I find their behaviour
766
00:36:05,440 --> 00:36:07,160
- very disgraceful.
- MAN: What do you think, Madam?
767
00:36:07,240 --> 00:36:10,640
It's disgusting they have not
appeared or said a word.
768
00:36:12,000 --> 00:36:14,160
I think it's a disgrace
on the whole royal family.
769
00:36:15,760 --> 00:36:17,480
EMILY ANDREWS: It was...
770
00:36:17,560 --> 00:36:20,600
a very dangerous time,
I think, for the royal family.
771
00:36:20,680 --> 00:36:24,320
SARAH: It was perhaps the single
clearest moment in her reign,
772
00:36:24,400 --> 00:36:28,440
when she and her people were at odds.
773
00:36:29,840 --> 00:36:31,080
NARRATOR:
But since Diana's death,
774
00:36:31,160 --> 00:36:35,000
the real reason for the Queen's
silence has become clear.
775
00:36:36,200 --> 00:36:38,080
PENNY JUNOR:
The week after Diana died,
776
00:36:38,160 --> 00:36:39,400
the Queen...
777
00:36:39,480 --> 00:36:42,160
I think probably rightly,
778
00:36:42,240 --> 00:36:45,560
decided to stay in Balmoral to look
after the boys,
779
00:36:45,640 --> 00:36:49,120
because they boys were her prime
concern.
780
00:36:49,200 --> 00:36:52,640
They were very young, 12 and 15,
and they'd lost their mother
781
00:36:52,720 --> 00:36:56,160
in the most horrifying
of circumstances.
782
00:36:56,240 --> 00:36:58,440
I mean, the most horrendous
tragedy for any family,
783
00:36:58,520 --> 00:37:00,440
but to have to play it out
in the public gaze...
784
00:37:00,520 --> 00:37:03,560
She decided to keep the family
very private,
785
00:37:03,640 --> 00:37:05,200
put her family first.
786
00:37:07,000 --> 00:37:08,960
PENNY JUNOR:
In Diana's death you saw
787
00:37:09,040 --> 00:37:10,800
a tragedy hit a family.
788
00:37:10,880 --> 00:37:13,680
They may have been royal,
but they were just a family.
789
00:37:13,760 --> 00:37:15,520
REPORTER: Princes William
and Harry
790
00:37:15,600 --> 00:37:17,360
looked uncomfortable
in front of the cameras,
791
00:37:17,440 --> 00:37:19,160
but this was
their first opportunity
792
00:37:19,240 --> 00:37:21,120
to read for themselves
the touching messages
793
00:37:21,200 --> 00:37:23,080
left for them
by a grieving public.
794
00:37:23,160 --> 00:37:26,560
EMILY: I think that outpouring of
grief and shock
795
00:37:26,640 --> 00:37:29,080
took the royal family
hugely by surprise.
796
00:37:30,240 --> 00:37:32,000
Certainly, I think the Queen
was quite shocked
797
00:37:32,080 --> 00:37:33,600
and didn't really know
how to deal with it.
798
00:37:33,680 --> 00:37:36,080
JANE: More than
any other tragedy
799
00:37:36,160 --> 00:37:39,000
of the Queen's reign, the death of
Diana was a conflict
800
00:37:39,080 --> 00:37:40,880
between her two roles.
801
00:37:40,960 --> 00:37:43,240
On the one hand
there's a public grief
802
00:37:43,320 --> 00:37:45,360
and the Queen is expected
to lead that.
803
00:37:45,440 --> 00:37:47,280
And on the other hand, a really
804
00:37:47,360 --> 00:37:49,640
terrible,
traumatic tragedy for her
805
00:37:49,720 --> 00:37:52,600
as a private individual,
and these two things meet
806
00:37:52,680 --> 00:37:55,520
in a way that they hadn't met
before in her reign.
807
00:37:57,480 --> 00:38:01,360
NARRATOR: Finally,
five days after Diana's death,
808
00:38:01,440 --> 00:38:04,400
and as public anger
was reaching boiling point,
809
00:38:04,480 --> 00:38:06,080
the Queen returned to London.
810
00:38:06,160 --> 00:38:09,680
REPORTER: There we see the Queen
leaving Northolt airport
811
00:38:09,760 --> 00:38:11,960
on the way down from Balmoral.
812
00:38:12,040 --> 00:38:14,720
WESLEY KERR: To me, the most
significant turning point
813
00:38:14,800 --> 00:38:15,960
of the Queen's reign,
814
00:38:16,040 --> 00:38:18,800
and I was there covering it
for the BBC live,
815
00:38:18,880 --> 00:38:22,320
was the day that she returned
from Scotland.
816
00:38:22,400 --> 00:38:23,960
REPORTER: Wesley.
817
00:38:24,040 --> 00:38:27,360
What is the mood outside
of Buckingham Palace at the moment?
818
00:38:27,440 --> 00:38:29,960
It's extremely sombre mood
819
00:38:30,040 --> 00:38:32,280
and a very sombre scene,
that there are literally
820
00:38:32,360 --> 00:38:33,520
thousands of people here.
821
00:38:42,040 --> 00:38:44,360
She did two
extremely significant things.
822
00:38:44,440 --> 00:38:47,040
One of which amazed me,
which was that
823
00:38:47,120 --> 00:38:49,080
the car came down
Constitution Hill
824
00:38:49,160 --> 00:38:51,280
with her and the Duke
and the car stops
825
00:38:51,360 --> 00:38:53,880
outside the gates
of Buckingham Palace.
826
00:38:53,960 --> 00:38:56,040
REPORTER: It looks as though
the Queen is about to...
827
00:38:56,120 --> 00:38:59,560
She's getting out of the car,
and is going to talk to people.
828
00:38:59,640 --> 00:39:01,000
WESLEY KERR:
It's extremely unusual,
829
00:39:01,080 --> 00:39:04,120
this is almost unprecedented.
I think perhaps
830
00:39:04,200 --> 00:39:07,040
the last time that the Queen
was among her people
831
00:39:07,120 --> 00:39:09,520
outside the palace was the day
832
00:39:09,600 --> 00:39:11,640
the war in Europe ended.
833
00:39:11,720 --> 00:39:14,680
That was a very bold example
of personal leadership,
834
00:39:14,760 --> 00:39:16,240
to go out amongst those crowds.
835
00:39:18,920 --> 00:39:20,200
JANE RIDLEY:
Actually, nobody knew
836
00:39:20,280 --> 00:39:22,120
what the reaction
was going to be.
837
00:39:25,000 --> 00:39:27,520
WESLEY KERR: Those of us
who'd been in those crowds
838
00:39:27,600 --> 00:39:29,800
for a week, knew that
the crowds were quite hostile.
839
00:39:32,840 --> 00:39:35,360
JANE RIDLEY: Then she goes up
to somebody in the crowd
840
00:39:35,440 --> 00:39:38,640
who hands out a flower to her
and the Queen says,
841
00:39:38,720 --> 00:39:40,880
"Would you like me to put that with
the others?"
842
00:39:40,960 --> 00:39:42,400
And the woman says,
"No, it's for you".
843
00:39:42,480 --> 00:39:44,800
And from that moment,
the sort of crowd flips
844
00:39:44,880 --> 00:39:47,880
and it's no longer
the hostile crowd it had been.
845
00:39:51,720 --> 00:39:54,240
NARRATOR: The Queen
had won over the crowds,
846
00:39:54,320 --> 00:39:56,360
but now she had to win back
the nation,
847
00:39:56,440 --> 00:39:59,800
with one of the most significant
speeches of her reign.
848
00:39:59,880 --> 00:40:02,000
The speech was delivered live.
849
00:40:02,080 --> 00:40:05,360
It wasn't pre-recorded as most
of her TV appearances are.
850
00:40:05,440 --> 00:40:07,920
I happened to hear her
doing the one run through
851
00:40:08,000 --> 00:40:10,360
and then straight
into the speech live
852
00:40:10,440 --> 00:40:12,720
at a moment of very,
very high emotion.
853
00:40:12,800 --> 00:40:15,080
The reason that the crowds
were the shot behind,
854
00:40:15,160 --> 00:40:16,240
they only had one camera
855
00:40:16,320 --> 00:40:17,920
and they said, "Well,
let's have the crowds behind".
856
00:40:19,520 --> 00:40:20,640
PENNY JUNOR:
Like anyone my age,
857
00:40:20,720 --> 00:40:24,160
I have seen the Queen speak
so many times
858
00:40:24,240 --> 00:40:26,720
and she has a way of speaking
859
00:40:26,800 --> 00:40:30,720
that is very, in a way,
rather formulaic.
860
00:40:30,800 --> 00:40:33,800
But when she spoke
after Diana's death,
861
00:40:35,320 --> 00:40:38,200
that for me was something
completely different.
862
00:40:43,680 --> 00:40:46,280
What I say to you now,
as a Queen
863
00:40:46,360 --> 00:40:49,720
and as a grandmother,
I say from my heart.
864
00:40:51,200 --> 00:40:54,560
First, I want to pay tribute
to Diana myself,
865
00:40:54,640 --> 00:40:57,960
she was an exceptional
and gifted human being
866
00:40:58,040 --> 00:41:00,800
in good times and bad.
867
00:41:00,880 --> 00:41:04,240
She never lost her capacity
to smile and laugh
868
00:41:04,320 --> 00:41:08,280
nor to inspire others
with her warmth and kindness.
869
00:41:08,360 --> 00:41:10,600
She'd chosen absolutely
the right words,
870
00:41:10,680 --> 00:41:14,120
to say that she was speaking
871
00:41:14,200 --> 00:41:16,520
not just as the Queen,
but as a grandmother,
872
00:41:16,600 --> 00:41:19,800
it automatically
made you understand
873
00:41:19,880 --> 00:41:22,160
why we hadn't seen her
that week.
874
00:41:22,240 --> 00:41:24,720
Because she had been looking
after her grandchildren,
875
00:41:24,800 --> 00:41:26,800
those two grieving boys.
876
00:41:26,880 --> 00:41:29,040
She managed to convey
877
00:41:29,120 --> 00:41:32,000
a sense, not just
of the national tragedy,
878
00:41:32,080 --> 00:41:34,600
but also of the private grief
879
00:41:34,680 --> 00:41:36,240
that the Royal family
was going through
880
00:41:36,320 --> 00:41:38,560
and that's why
the speech worked.
881
00:41:38,640 --> 00:41:41,600
I thought it was a grandmother
speaking and not a Queen.
882
00:41:41,680 --> 00:41:43,440
I was quite moved by it.
883
00:41:43,520 --> 00:41:44,800
She sounded very sincere
884
00:41:44,880 --> 00:41:47,000
and she looked as though
she was very moved
885
00:41:47,080 --> 00:41:49,240
and I think
that will satisfy everyone.
886
00:41:49,320 --> 00:41:51,000
I thought she said everything
she should've said,
887
00:41:51,080 --> 00:41:52,760
I can't think of anything
she left out at all.
888
00:41:56,880 --> 00:41:58,480
WESLEY: What I thought
was very striking,
889
00:41:58,560 --> 00:41:59,960
being there that day,
890
00:42:00,040 --> 00:42:01,720
was that she brought
the country together.
891
00:42:01,800 --> 00:42:04,560
So, I think with the Queen there
is very, very powerful
892
00:42:04,640 --> 00:42:06,080
personal leadership.
893
00:42:08,680 --> 00:42:11,200
NARRATOR: Diana's death
marked a turning point,
894
00:42:11,280 --> 00:42:13,640
and in recent years
the royal family
895
00:42:13,720 --> 00:42:17,520
has become more open about
publicly expressing emotion.
896
00:42:17,600 --> 00:42:19,400
In 2017,
897
00:42:19,480 --> 00:42:21,840
Prince Harry gave
a remarkable interview.
898
00:42:22,880 --> 00:42:25,640
REPORTER: So, Hazza,
how are you today really?
899
00:42:25,720 --> 00:42:27,720
PRINCE HARRY: Today I am OK,
I'm a little bit nervous,
900
00:42:27,800 --> 00:42:29,960
a little bit tight in the chest
but otherwise fine.
901
00:42:30,040 --> 00:42:32,160
NARRATOR: Speaking
to a newspaper podcast,
902
00:42:32,240 --> 00:42:34,360
he talked
for the first time publicly
903
00:42:34,440 --> 00:42:37,120
about the emotional impact
of his mother's death.
904
00:42:37,200 --> 00:42:38,800
PRINCE HARRY:
Losing my mum at 12
905
00:42:38,880 --> 00:42:41,480
and therefore shutting down
all of my emotions
906
00:42:41,560 --> 00:42:46,840
for the last 20 years has had a quite
serious effect,
907
00:42:46,920 --> 00:42:49,440
and actually,
all of sudden all of this grief
908
00:42:49,520 --> 00:42:51,920
I had never processed started
to come to the forefront.
909
00:42:52,000 --> 00:42:53,720
I was like, "There is actually
a lot of stuff here
910
00:42:53,800 --> 00:42:54,960
I need to deal with".
911
00:42:55,040 --> 00:42:57,200
In that interview, Prince Harry
912
00:42:57,280 --> 00:43:00,200
was incredibly candid.
913
00:43:00,280 --> 00:43:03,080
To hear him admit
that it had taken him
914
00:43:03,160 --> 00:43:04,640
the best part
of two decades to cope
915
00:43:04,720 --> 00:43:07,000
with the grief
of losing his mother,
916
00:43:07,080 --> 00:43:10,400
to hear him talk about
coming close to the point
917
00:43:10,480 --> 00:43:12,920
of a complete nervous breakdown,
918
00:43:13,000 --> 00:43:15,440
this was absolutely
extraordinary.
919
00:43:15,520 --> 00:43:18,800
PRINCE HARRY: It was 20 years
of not thinking about it,
920
00:43:18,880 --> 00:43:21,040
and then two years
of total chaos.
921
00:43:21,120 --> 00:43:22,520
KATIE:
Quite hard to believe that
922
00:43:22,600 --> 00:43:25,160
such a senior member
of the royal family
923
00:43:25,240 --> 00:43:27,280
would be speaking so openly.
924
00:43:27,360 --> 00:43:29,720
(BELLS PEAL)
925
00:43:31,320 --> 00:43:33,320
SARAH GRISTWOOD:
For a century or more,
926
00:43:33,400 --> 00:43:35,440
the royals
have been stoic
927
00:43:35,520 --> 00:43:36,600
about emotion,
928
00:43:36,680 --> 00:43:41,320
but what we want from our royals is
changing.
929
00:43:41,400 --> 00:43:44,720
The youngest generation
are very aware of that,
930
00:43:44,800 --> 00:43:47,600
and that really shows how far
the royal family's come.
931
00:43:47,680 --> 00:43:50,480
NARRATOR: In the future,
it will be William and Harry
932
00:43:50,560 --> 00:43:54,320
that the nation looks to
in times of grief and tragedy.
933
00:43:54,400 --> 00:43:56,000
The nation has always had
a place in its heart
934
00:43:56,080 --> 00:43:57,240
for both of those boys.
935
00:43:57,320 --> 00:43:59,120
(crowd cheering)
936
00:43:59,200 --> 00:44:01,560
Having gone through
such a personal tragedy,
937
00:44:01,640 --> 00:44:03,960
I think that resonated
with people.
938
00:44:04,040 --> 00:44:06,840
Anyone who's suffering
tragedy themselves
939
00:44:06,920 --> 00:44:12,640
can feel that Princes William
and Harry understand
940
00:44:12,720 --> 00:44:14,800
because they have been
there themselves,
941
00:44:14,880 --> 00:44:16,760
and they felt the pain
942
00:44:16,840 --> 00:44:20,120
just as anybody else would do.
943
00:44:21,360 --> 00:44:23,640
I think William and Harry
both inherit
944
00:44:23,720 --> 00:44:26,600
different qualities
from different family members.
945
00:44:26,680 --> 00:44:29,960
So, William has got a bit
of his grandmother's
946
00:44:30,040 --> 00:44:31,880
and his father's stoicism.
947
00:44:31,960 --> 00:44:32,960
Harry's hilarious.
948
00:44:33,040 --> 00:44:34,240
WOMAN: Welcome to Canada!
949
00:44:34,320 --> 00:44:35,320
Thank you very much.
950
00:44:35,400 --> 00:44:36,840
Did you see
the competitors come by?
951
00:44:36,920 --> 00:44:38,600
EMILY ANDREWS: He's
his mother's son, very warm
952
00:44:38,680 --> 00:44:40,280
and he wears his heart
on his sleeve.
953
00:44:44,400 --> 00:44:47,200
The Queen and members
of the Royal family
954
00:44:47,280 --> 00:44:49,640
are part of an institution
955
00:44:49,720 --> 00:44:52,320
that was going long before
they arrived
956
00:44:52,400 --> 00:44:55,280
in the world
and will still be going
957
00:44:55,360 --> 00:44:57,120
long after
they've left the world,
958
00:44:57,200 --> 00:45:00,680
and I think that gives them
a very unique perspective
959
00:45:00,760 --> 00:45:03,280
on the things
that go wrong in life.
960
00:45:03,360 --> 00:45:06,040
I think you could do a lot worse
than those four
961
00:45:06,120 --> 00:45:08,240
youngsters
leading the new generation.
962
00:45:12,280 --> 00:45:16,760
NARRATOR: Next time,
we examine just what it takes
963
00:45:16,840 --> 00:45:19,000
to hold the very top job.
964
00:45:19,080 --> 00:45:21,000
She's got a great personality,
965
00:45:21,080 --> 00:45:23,840
very much a character.
966
00:45:23,920 --> 00:45:25,560
PIERS BRENDON:
The Queen's discretion
967
00:45:25,640 --> 00:45:27,560
is her secret weapon.
968
00:45:27,640 --> 00:45:31,320
She very, very, very seldom
puts a foot wrong.
969
00:45:31,400 --> 00:45:33,280
LORD OWEN: The Queen puts up
with many different people,
970
00:45:33,360 --> 00:45:35,680
but Ceausescu was too much
for her,
971
00:45:35,760 --> 00:45:37,640
she made it quite plain.
972
00:45:37,720 --> 00:45:39,800
WESLEY KERR: She's always going
to be the most important
973
00:45:39,880 --> 00:45:40,960
person in a room,
974
00:45:41,040 --> 00:45:42,680
but she doesn't have
a sense of importance.
975
00:45:42,760 --> 00:45:45,440
One of her favourite jokes
is if a phone goes off,
976
00:45:45,520 --> 00:45:47,320
she says, "Oh, that must be
somebody very important".
77346
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