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[wind whooshes]
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[thunder rumbles]
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[choir vocalizes]
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[camera clicks]
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[camera clicks]
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[camera clicks]
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[choir vocalizes]
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[thunder rumbles]
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[choir vocalizes]
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[Roel] The Netherlands
are a secular state.
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We do, of course, have religious
freedom in our Constitution,
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and I'm convinced
that religious freedom
is a very important principle
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00:02:46,586 --> 00:02:48,379
of the Dutch legal culture.
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[Roel] Religious freedom
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could be seen
as a part of, well,
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00:03:06,758 --> 00:03:08,413
essential human dignity.
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00:03:08,896 --> 00:03:12,620
Every human being should
have the freedom to decide
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00:03:12,655 --> 00:03:18,310
about the way he wants to
organize his or her own life.
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00:03:19,482 --> 00:03:22,724
But the privileges of the church
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might be something else.
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[choir vocalizes]
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[coffee machine rumbles]
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00:03:39,344 --> 00:03:42,448
[dark playful music]
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00:03:56,896 --> 00:03:59,068
My dad and mom are Christian,
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00:03:59,103 --> 00:04:02,724
so I was raised up
as a Christian child.
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00:04:02,758 --> 00:04:06,000
And I think I was 14 years old
when I thought, "No,
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00:04:06,034 --> 00:04:07,931
that's not the religion for me."
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A man splits the sea
in two parts,
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00:04:12,068 --> 00:04:15,034
so people can walk in,
into the sea?
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00:04:15,068 --> 00:04:18,068
And, yeah, it's, it's
it's, it's nonsense.
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00:04:18,103 --> 00:04:20,586
[dark playful music]
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00:04:26,379 --> 00:04:28,034
In 2008,
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00:04:28,068 --> 00:04:31,000
I saw the first Pastafarians
on the internet.
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00:04:31,413 --> 00:04:33,310
I read about it, and I thought,
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00:04:33,344 --> 00:04:35,896
"Yeah, this is
more a religion for me."
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00:04:35,931 --> 00:04:38,655
[dark playful music]
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00:04:56,413 --> 00:04:59,586
[Bruder] I read an article
in a German newspaper
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00:04:59,620 --> 00:05:04,068
called Spiegel, about
the Flying Spaghetti Monster.
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00:05:04,551 --> 00:05:07,344
In that moment,
I was touched in my heart
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00:05:07,379 --> 00:05:08,896
by his noodly appendage
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00:05:08,931 --> 00:05:12,241
and started
a small group in Templin.
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00:05:12,275 --> 00:05:14,793
[dark playful music]
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00:05:26,172 --> 00:05:31,379
We opened that church
in, I think, September 2014.
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00:05:31,827 --> 00:05:35,965
We invited the mayor of the town
and a lot of politicians.
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They didn't come.
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[bright music]
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00:05:46,448 --> 00:05:49,241
[Niko] I think I'm a saint
for some Pastafarians.
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00:05:49,275 --> 00:05:52,000
At least the Russian church
made me into a saint.
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00:05:53,965 --> 00:05:55,689
Also, I'm an honorary member
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00:05:55,724 --> 00:05:57,758
of the Church of
the Flying Spaghetti Monster
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00:05:57,793 --> 00:05:59,206
in Trinidad and Tobago.
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00:06:00,551 --> 00:06:03,551
Yeah, and, and of course,
in Austria.
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00:06:03,586 --> 00:06:05,965
In Austria, I used to be,
like, religious leader.
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00:06:06,000 --> 00:06:08,724
I used to be Superior Macarona,
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00:06:08,758 --> 00:06:10,793
but then,
when I went into Parliament,
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00:06:10,827 --> 00:06:14,103
I had to step down,
because you can't do both,
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00:06:14,137 --> 00:06:16,137
being a religious leader
and member of Parliament,
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00:06:16,172 --> 00:06:19,413
so I decided
to be on the state side.
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00:06:27,379 --> 00:06:30,034
The thing I like
most about the Church of FSM
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00:06:30,068 --> 00:06:32,344
is its freedom
it gives its, uh, followers.
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00:06:32,931 --> 00:06:34,137
[Dirk] You don't have to pray.
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00:06:34,172 --> 00:06:36,206
You don't have
to go to the church.
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00:06:36,241 --> 00:06:37,862
But when you want, you can.
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00:06:37,896 --> 00:06:40,620
When you don't want,
yeah, you don't have to.
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[colander clanks]
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[Bruder] Welcome,
my dear Pastafarians,
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00:06:50,275 --> 00:06:51,931
for our Friday Noodle Mass.
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00:07:00,586 --> 00:07:03,000
[Bruder] We see us
not as a church,
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00:07:03,034 --> 00:07:05,379
we see us as
a worldview community.
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00:07:05,793 --> 00:07:09,482
And in Germany, as a law
that's a worldview community
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00:07:09,517 --> 00:07:11,655
has the same right as a church.
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00:07:12,034 --> 00:07:13,827
Beer from his beer volcano.
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00:07:14,344 --> 00:07:17,379
[Bruder] But only in the words,
not in the practice.
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00:07:17,413 --> 00:07:19,620
Noodle from
his noodly appendage.
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00:07:20,310 --> 00:07:23,206
[Bruder] And we try to
do it in the practice.
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[together] R'Amen.
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[sings in German]
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[light guitar music]
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A colander divides
the main important stuff
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from the stuff that you
don't need. And for me,
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it's a symbolic way that
teaches me how to live life.
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You have to
hold on to the good stuff,
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00:08:04,620 --> 00:08:07,068
and let the bad stuff slip away.
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00:08:07,103 --> 00:08:09,724
[Samir] What I like
best about Pastafarianism
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00:08:09,758 --> 00:08:14,551
is the fact that it's
relatively free of violence.
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00:08:14,586 --> 00:08:18,896
The other older religions,
there you have certain rules,
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00:08:18,931 --> 00:08:22,344
that you must hold onto
or else you go to hell
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00:08:22,379 --> 00:08:26,586
or you go to-- yeah, all kind of
evil things happen to you.
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00:08:26,620 --> 00:08:29,655
The church of FSM
has a kind of guidelines,
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00:08:29,689 --> 00:08:31,103
"Rather Not's," we call them.
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00:08:31,137 --> 00:08:33,482
They give you a moral compass,
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but they give you the freedom
to be your own moral person.
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[Dirk] Our belief tells
also that, uh, you have to
accept all the religions.
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When some people are
believing in other gods
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or in other religion, it's okay.
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Now, this is
a great example for society,
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so much better
than the eternal conflict
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00:08:52,068 --> 00:08:53,862
that some other groups
of people have.
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[Dirk] When you are
a good person in society,
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then you are a good Pastafarian.
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♪ Hallelujah
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♪ The Holy Gospel is
written in the 20th chapter ♪
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00:09:07,172 --> 00:09:10,413
♪ Of the Gospel
according to Saint John ♪
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♪ Beginning at the first verse
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00:09:13,793 --> 00:09:16,206
♪ Hallelujah
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00:09:24,310 --> 00:09:28,000
[soft peaceful music]
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00:09:33,724 --> 00:09:35,931
[Daniel] Our brains,
like the brains of all animals,
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00:09:35,965 --> 00:09:39,206
have evolved by
genetic natural selection
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00:09:39,241 --> 00:09:43,068
to render the aspects of
the world that matter to us
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00:09:43,931 --> 00:09:47,448
visible, perceptible,
trackable, usable.
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00:09:48,172 --> 00:09:53,344
We have all sorts of hardware
that's genetically wired in
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00:09:53,758 --> 00:09:55,793
that makes it easy for us
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to cope with
those parts of the world
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00:09:58,448 --> 00:10:00,344
that matter most to our species.
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00:10:00,379 --> 00:10:04,068
But we have enhanced that
by orders of magnitude
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00:10:04,103 --> 00:10:08,344
with human culture, which also
evolves by natural selection
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00:10:08,379 --> 00:10:11,275
to fill our minds
with mind tools.
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00:10:11,655 --> 00:10:13,551
They're not
inherited through our genes,
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00:10:13,586 --> 00:10:15,206
they're inherited
through our culture.
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00:10:16,344 --> 00:10:19,620
Included among all
that cultural inheritance
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00:10:19,655 --> 00:10:21,034
is a lot of superstition.
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00:10:23,206 --> 00:10:26,724
When people were scared,
puzzled, baffled,
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00:10:26,758 --> 00:10:31,379
surprised by phenomena,
they tended to imagine them
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00:10:31,413 --> 00:10:35,862
to be the effects of
strange monsters, demons, ogres,
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00:10:35,896 --> 00:10:38,379
leprechauns, imps, fairies.
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00:10:38,413 --> 00:10:40,344
All of these invisible creatures
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became part of the local lore.
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00:10:42,379 --> 00:10:44,724
Then gradually,
people began to realize
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that some of
them were very useful.
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00:10:47,172 --> 00:10:49,241
And they
began to domesticate them,
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and turn them into
the watchful eye of Big Brother.
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00:10:52,241 --> 00:10:54,586
If you made
sacrifices to this one,
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00:10:54,620 --> 00:10:56,379
this would bring in great crops.
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00:10:56,413 --> 00:10:58,344
And besides,
if you were a priest,
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00:10:58,379 --> 00:11:01,034
you might be able to share
in some of those sacrifices.
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00:11:01,068 --> 00:11:04,137
That is, you could,
you could get the food for free
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00:11:04,172 --> 00:11:06,482
that was being
offered to the gods.
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00:11:06,517 --> 00:11:09,620
So what we see is a process
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00:11:10,206 --> 00:11:12,758
from just happenstance creation
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00:11:12,793 --> 00:11:17,965
because of fear and
surprise and alarm among people.
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00:11:18,517 --> 00:11:22,379
That gave us a population
of cultural entities,
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00:11:23,172 --> 00:11:28,034
all imaginary,
but made vivid by the retelling
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00:11:28,068 --> 00:11:31,551
and the refurbishing
in the imaginations
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00:11:31,586 --> 00:11:33,137
of all the storytellers.
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00:11:33,172 --> 00:11:36,689
And these gradually morphed
by an evolutionary process
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00:11:37,206 --> 00:11:42,172
into the gods,
like the Greek gods,
like the Roman gods,
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00:11:42,206 --> 00:11:44,310
and then into the God.
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00:11:44,344 --> 00:11:47,241
We gradually
moved to monotheisms.
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00:11:48,586 --> 00:11:51,620
There have been thousands
and thousands of religions
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00:11:52,241 --> 00:11:53,793
that have vanished
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00:11:54,206 --> 00:11:56,758
with only the faintest traces
in the history books.
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00:11:56,793 --> 00:11:59,793
They leave
almost no fossil traces,
but we know they're out there.
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00:12:00,344 --> 00:12:02,931
And the Church of
the Flying Spaghetti Monster
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00:12:02,965 --> 00:12:04,551
is one of the most recent.
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00:12:08,206 --> 00:12:13,000
-[choir vocalizes]
-[thunder rumbles]
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00:12:21,931 --> 00:12:25,206
[light gentle music]
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00:12:39,310 --> 00:12:40,827
[Dirk] Last year,
I thought that it's strange
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00:12:40,862 --> 00:12:43,344
that the Church of the FSM
is not in the Netherlands.
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00:12:43,379 --> 00:12:45,931
I wanted to
try to get it recognized
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00:12:45,965 --> 00:12:47,413
here in the Netherlands.
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00:12:47,448 --> 00:12:49,620
So I went to
the Chamber of Commerce.
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00:12:49,655 --> 00:12:51,586
The Chamber of
Commerce in the Netherlands
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00:12:51,620 --> 00:12:53,931
also register the churches.
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00:13:14,758 --> 00:13:16,241
[Dirk] After that I appealed
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00:13:16,275 --> 00:13:20,103
the decision of the Chamber of
Commerce to reject our church.
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00:13:20,482 --> 00:13:22,137
And after that appeal, we won.
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00:13:22,586 --> 00:13:25,448
[choir vocalizes]
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00:13:36,965 --> 00:13:40,965
In January 2016,
Church of the FSM is recognized
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00:13:41,000 --> 00:13:42,137
by the Dutch government.
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00:13:42,965 --> 00:13:45,896
[audience applauds]
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00:14:15,793 --> 00:14:18,068
[audience laughs]
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00:14:30,862 --> 00:14:33,620
[audience laughs and applauds]
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00:14:37,275 --> 00:14:41,586
[Bruder] Every god
has special people.
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00:14:41,620 --> 00:14:43,413
The Christian God has the Jews.
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00:14:43,448 --> 00:14:45,827
So the, uh, Pastafarian God,
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00:14:45,862 --> 00:14:47,793
his people are the pirates.
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00:14:47,827 --> 00:14:50,724
[adventurous music]
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00:15:02,241 --> 00:15:04,586
[guests laugh]
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00:15:05,241 --> 00:15:08,172
[guests cheer]
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00:15:09,551 --> 00:15:11,517
-Arghhh!
-[Toby] We decided
to do a pirate wedding,
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00:15:11,551 --> 00:15:14,241
um, mainly because
it shows respect to
the Pastafarian faith.
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00:15:14,275 --> 00:15:16,620
Pastafarianism
believes that, um, all humans
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00:15:16,655 --> 00:15:20,793
are descendant from
pirates and share 99.999%
of our DNA with them,
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00:15:20,827 --> 00:15:22,724
and it's also just
such a fun thing to do.
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00:15:22,758 --> 00:15:23,724
Why wouldn't you do it?
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00:15:24,206 --> 00:15:26,068
[guests cheer]
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00:15:35,275 --> 00:15:39,551
[Bruder] Pastafarian scientists find out that the earth warming
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00:15:39,586 --> 00:15:44,000
also has happened because too less pirates around.
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00:15:44,827 --> 00:15:47,724
You can make
a graph and you'll see
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00:15:47,758 --> 00:15:50,620
that the number
of pirates is going down
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00:15:50,655 --> 00:15:52,620
and the earth
warming is going on.
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00:15:53,448 --> 00:15:56,965
So, it clearly-- for any
scientific-thinking man,
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00:15:57,000 --> 00:15:59,896
we need more pirates
to stop the earth's warming.
196
00:15:59,931 --> 00:16:02,689
That is our holy mission,
our holy order.
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00:16:03,310 --> 00:16:05,517
[dramatic music]
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00:16:34,517 --> 00:16:37,413
[audience applauds]
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00:16:37,896 --> 00:16:40,034
[Bruder] We only accept
pirate headgear.
200
00:16:40,068 --> 00:16:41,931
The colander
for us is blasphemic.
201
00:16:41,965 --> 00:16:46,034
In 2011, the Austrian people
is starting
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00:16:46,068 --> 00:16:50,793
with the colander,
but it was an Austrian,
203
00:16:51,551 --> 00:16:54,793
and it was, for us,
a bad idea to use a colander,
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00:16:54,827 --> 00:16:56,758
because we were already pirates,
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00:16:57,310 --> 00:17:00,965
and specially we Germans
know what happened
206
00:17:01,000 --> 00:17:05,275
if Germans follow
the crazy ideas
of Austrian leaders.
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00:17:05,965 --> 00:17:07,241
You understand what I mean.
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00:17:07,275 --> 00:17:11,379
[bright invigorating music]
209
00:17:17,068 --> 00:17:19,379
[Niko] If you read the Gospel of
the Flying Spaghetti Monster,
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00:17:19,413 --> 00:17:22,551
you don't read about
pasta strainers or colanders
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00:17:22,586 --> 00:17:24,379
or any type of headgear.
212
00:17:25,137 --> 00:17:27,862
The role model for
the Pastafarian is the pirate,
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00:17:27,896 --> 00:17:29,965
and pirates
don't wear colanders.
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00:17:30,000 --> 00:17:31,517
That's something I came up with.
215
00:17:31,551 --> 00:17:32,931
I invented it.
216
00:17:32,965 --> 00:17:35,862
I, I'm not even
sure if I invented it.
217
00:17:35,896 --> 00:17:38,344
I think
the Flying Spaghetti Monster
218
00:17:38,379 --> 00:17:40,275
touched me
with his noodly appendages,
219
00:17:40,310 --> 00:17:43,275
and kind of inserted
the idea in my head.
220
00:17:43,310 --> 00:17:47,310
[gentle piano music]
221
00:17:50,068 --> 00:17:52,655
It must have been
around 2008 when I decided
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00:17:52,689 --> 00:17:55,310
that, I, uh, would like to
have a new driver's license.
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00:17:55,896 --> 00:17:57,965
I went to
the Department of Motor Vehicles
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00:17:58,000 --> 00:17:59,034
and I found a brochure.
225
00:18:00,275 --> 00:18:04,931
One of the rules was that you're
not supposed to wear a hat
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00:18:04,965 --> 00:18:08,586
or any type of headgear
in your license's picture.
227
00:18:08,620 --> 00:18:10,034
There was
an exemption for that rule
228
00:18:10,068 --> 00:18:12,827
that was for
specific religious reasons.
229
00:18:12,862 --> 00:18:14,931
And I thought,
"Okay, if this is the rule,
230
00:18:14,965 --> 00:18:17,793
then I have to come
up with a religious reason."
231
00:18:18,241 --> 00:18:20,448
I'd been working in my office,
and in my office kitchen
232
00:18:20,482 --> 00:18:24,827
I saw that, I saw that colander,
that, that pasta strainer.
233
00:18:24,862 --> 00:18:27,068
It, it kind of struck me.
It was like this--
234
00:18:27,103 --> 00:18:29,896
The thing
perfectly fits on my head,
235
00:18:29,931 --> 00:18:31,655
and it also
perfectly fits the purpose.
236
00:18:31,689 --> 00:18:34,655
[gentle piano music]
237
00:18:38,482 --> 00:18:40,344
They called me and asked me
for another picture,
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00:18:40,379 --> 00:18:42,517
and I told them,
"I'm wearing headgear
239
00:18:42,551 --> 00:18:45,206
for religious reasons.
That complies with your rules."
240
00:18:46,689 --> 00:18:49,482
They sent me an invitation
to the Public Health Officer.
241
00:18:49,517 --> 00:18:52,034
She had to check
whether I'm sane or not.
242
00:18:52,068 --> 00:18:54,206
Basically I just
told her what I was doing,
243
00:18:54,241 --> 00:18:57,137
and she completely
understood what I was doing,
244
00:18:57,172 --> 00:18:58,896
and so she declared me sane.
245
00:18:58,931 --> 00:19:01,827
So I am officially
and legally sane in Austria.
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00:19:03,241 --> 00:19:05,620
And finally they just
issued the driver's license.
247
00:19:06,000 --> 00:19:09,965
[gentle piano music]
248
00:19:22,103 --> 00:19:24,931
I did it on purpose, though, of
course. It was a planned thing.
249
00:19:24,965 --> 00:19:28,344
I knew, uh, it would spark
some media attention, maybe,
250
00:19:28,965 --> 00:19:30,620
but it kind of exploded.
251
00:19:33,068 --> 00:19:36,793
[light piano music]
252
00:19:42,482 --> 00:19:46,344
[news anchor speaks in German]
253
00:19:50,379 --> 00:19:54,172
His name: Niko Alm,
Lionel's hero of the week.
254
00:19:54,758 --> 00:19:57,931
[reporter] A man in Russia
who identifies himself
255
00:19:57,965 --> 00:20:00,448
as a Pastafarian,
and he has just won the right
256
00:20:00,482 --> 00:20:04,034
to wear a colander on his head
in his driving license photo.
257
00:20:04,068 --> 00:20:05,689
A Madison man has won the fight
258
00:20:05,724 --> 00:20:08,413
to wear a spaghetti strainer
on his head
259
00:20:08,448 --> 00:20:10,344
in his driver's license photo.
260
00:20:10,379 --> 00:20:13,103
[Canadian news anchor]
A Surrey man is boiling mad
261
00:20:13,137 --> 00:20:16,689
that ICBC is denying
him a photo driver's license
262
00:20:16,724 --> 00:20:20,068
because he wouldn't remove
his religious headgear
for the picture.
263
00:20:20,103 --> 00:20:21,206
The attorney for the man says,
264
00:20:21,241 --> 00:20:23,206
his client is,
quote, "Pastafarian."
265
00:20:23,241 --> 00:20:25,862
[speaking in foreign languages]
266
00:20:31,379 --> 00:20:32,965
The Flying Spaghetti Monster.
267
00:20:33,000 --> 00:20:34,827
I'm like, "You're
discriminating against us
268
00:20:34,862 --> 00:20:36,448
just because
you haven't heard of us?"
269
00:20:36,482 --> 00:20:38,965
[man] Pastafarian? You know,
that sounds like a joke to me.
270
00:20:39,000 --> 00:20:39,965
I was asked to remove it.
271
00:20:40,000 --> 00:20:41,206
I did explain that it
272
00:20:41,241 --> 00:20:42,551
was my religious headgear.
273
00:20:42,586 --> 00:20:45,862
His religion? Well,
it isn't exactly mainstream.
274
00:20:45,896 --> 00:20:48,586
-[woman] She's making a mockery
out of the whole thing!
-[man] Exactly!
275
00:20:48,620 --> 00:20:50,413
[news anchor] Look
at them, it's chaos!
276
00:20:50,448 --> 00:20:51,931
Civilization crumbling.
277
00:20:51,965 --> 00:20:53,310
[news anchor 2] Some people,
when they first heard
278
00:20:53,344 --> 00:20:54,965
about all this,
they were wondering if this
279
00:20:55,000 --> 00:20:56,724
is a real thing.
280
00:20:56,758 --> 00:20:58,965
[man] I think that you could
ask that question about
any religion.
281
00:20:59,000 --> 00:21:00,482
[woman] You can be
like, "This is ridiculous."
282
00:21:00,517 --> 00:21:02,206
[man] Obviously it's stupid,
you know what I mean?
283
00:21:02,241 --> 00:21:04,000
There's no such
thing as a Pastafarian,
284
00:21:04,034 --> 00:21:06,103
and it's just a horrible
take on Rastafarians,
285
00:21:06,137 --> 00:21:08,310
-which is a real religion.
You know what I mean?
-Right, right, right.
286
00:21:08,344 --> 00:21:09,000
Nonsense.
287
00:21:13,689 --> 00:21:16,000
I think the most important
argument is that it is
288
00:21:16,758 --> 00:21:20,551
virtually impossible
to distinguish
289
00:21:20,586 --> 00:21:25,172
so-called real religions from,
uh, fake religions.
290
00:21:26,965 --> 00:21:29,068
[Mienke speaks in Dutch]
291
00:21:34,310 --> 00:21:38,931
An identification cards has
the word "identification" in it,
292
00:21:38,965 --> 00:21:41,827
and in identification
is the word "identity."
293
00:21:41,862 --> 00:21:45,793
This colander is part of
my identity, it's my religion.
294
00:21:48,034 --> 00:21:51,482
[Bruder] In Germany,
every church can have a sign,
295
00:21:51,517 --> 00:21:53,310
where it's standing, what time
296
00:21:53,344 --> 00:21:55,241
and what day are their Masses.
297
00:21:56,551 --> 00:21:58,482
We also would like.
298
00:22:24,275 --> 00:22:27,896
[Dirk] You can't say
a Pastafarian is not
a true religion,
299
00:22:27,931 --> 00:22:30,379
because it's based
on the same grounds
300
00:22:30,413 --> 00:22:31,655
as every other religion.
301
00:22:33,310 --> 00:22:37,275
[Mienke] If someone believes
something that you don't,
302
00:22:37,310 --> 00:22:38,586
it's always crazy.
303
00:22:39,379 --> 00:22:42,793
I think believing
in a guy who walked on water
304
00:22:42,827 --> 00:22:45,586
and a guy who
split the sea is crazy.
305
00:22:46,068 --> 00:22:49,379
And they say to me
my religion is crazy.
306
00:22:49,413 --> 00:22:52,620
But... yeah,
what's the difference?
307
00:22:55,931 --> 00:22:56,862
[Dirk] It's in the law.
308
00:22:56,896 --> 00:22:58,827
Every religion, uh, is the same.
309
00:22:58,862 --> 00:23:00,965
You may not discriminate.
310
00:23:03,068 --> 00:23:04,482
When you have that exception,
311
00:23:04,517 --> 00:23:07,482
you have to make
exception for everyone.
312
00:23:21,931 --> 00:23:24,896
[narrator] From the coming of
age, Bryan surveys the nation
313
00:23:24,931 --> 00:23:26,137
and finds it wicked.
314
00:23:26,862 --> 00:23:28,724
His sermons
become bitter tirades
315
00:23:28,758 --> 00:23:31,379
against the godless
conspiracy of science
316
00:23:31,413 --> 00:23:33,000
and his particular target,
317
00:23:33,034 --> 00:23:35,620
that pernicious theory,
evolution.
318
00:23:37,655 --> 00:23:41,103
When the Tennessee state legislature, inspired by Bryan,
319
00:23:41,137 --> 00:23:44,448
outlaws the teaching of evolution in the public schools,
320
00:23:44,482 --> 00:23:46,310
Dayton generally approves.
321
00:23:47,655 --> 00:23:51,000
But Dayton's young high school
science teacher, John Scopes,
322
00:23:51,034 --> 00:23:52,586
says the law can't be right
323
00:23:52,620 --> 00:23:55,310
if it forbids him to tell the truth to his students.
324
00:23:56,517 --> 00:23:59,344
On a May afternoon
in a drugstore booth session,
325
00:23:59,379 --> 00:24:01,517
Scopes admits
he has taught evolution
326
00:24:01,551 --> 00:24:04,379
and volunteers to get
himself arrested for doing it.
327
00:24:04,413 --> 00:24:06,172
He is quite willing
to stand trial
328
00:24:06,206 --> 00:24:08,275
and test the anti-evolution law.
329
00:24:08,758 --> 00:24:11,241
All attention
focuses now on the prospect
330
00:24:11,275 --> 00:24:14,793
of an ethics debate
of science versus religion,
331
00:24:14,827 --> 00:24:17,827
city versus country,
reason versus faith.
332
00:24:18,655 --> 00:24:22,586
Can this trial really be taking place in the 20th century?
333
00:24:29,275 --> 00:24:31,413
[woman] We have a lot of
people addressing us and saying,
334
00:24:31,448 --> 00:24:33,034
"Well, this is not science."
335
00:24:33,068 --> 00:24:36,241
And when I say, "Well, I think
that it has scientific basis."
336
00:24:36,275 --> 00:24:38,068
They still argue
that it's not science.
337
00:24:38,103 --> 00:24:39,379
Can you address any of that?
338
00:24:39,413 --> 00:24:41,862
Why is intelligent
design science, then?
339
00:24:42,896 --> 00:24:45,034
Kansas is front
and center on a national debate
340
00:24:45,068 --> 00:24:46,137
about how children should learn
341
00:24:46,172 --> 00:24:47,827
about creation
in public schools.
342
00:24:47,862 --> 00:24:49,758
[man] I believe that evolution
should be represented
343
00:24:49,793 --> 00:24:52,448
for what it truly is,
which is a theory
344
00:24:52,482 --> 00:24:56,689
that is being presented
as a possible option for,
uh, for origins.
345
00:24:56,724 --> 00:24:59,275
-[interviewer] But that
there are other theories?
-There are other theories.
346
00:24:59,310 --> 00:25:01,758
-Including intelligent design?
-That's correct.
347
00:25:01,793 --> 00:25:04,482
-Do you believe in
intelligent design?
-I do.
348
00:25:04,517 --> 00:25:07,551
Do you believe intelligent
design answers questions
349
00:25:07,586 --> 00:25:09,551
that we yet
don't know in science?
350
00:25:10,000 --> 00:25:13,000
[expert] In the absence
of adequate evolutionary
explanations,
351
00:25:13,034 --> 00:25:16,034
it is reasonable and rational
to seek other explanations.
352
00:25:21,000 --> 00:25:21,862
Anyone...
353
00:25:23,206 --> 00:25:26,862
who attempts
to present creationism
354
00:25:27,586 --> 00:25:30,172
as anything other than a belief
355
00:25:31,034 --> 00:25:33,103
is either delusional...
356
00:25:34,310 --> 00:25:36,206
or willfully ignorant.
357
00:25:36,241 --> 00:25:39,758
[Pedro] Would you then
believe that it is
appropriate for scientists,
358
00:25:39,793 --> 00:25:43,586
when they
cannot find a natural answer
359
00:25:43,620 --> 00:25:46,896
to observations, to simply rely
360
00:25:46,931 --> 00:25:50,068
on a supernatural explanation
for that observation?
361
00:25:50,103 --> 00:25:52,137
They should look
for the best hypothesis
362
00:25:52,172 --> 00:25:55,241
to fit the evidence,
which can include
363
00:25:55,275 --> 00:25:58,034
supernatural explanation when
you're talking about origins.
364
00:25:58,068 --> 00:26:01,965
One cannot present
a legitimate argument
365
00:26:02,586 --> 00:26:04,965
and expect a legitimate result
366
00:26:05,655 --> 00:26:09,689
when the individual
listening has his or her mind
367
00:26:09,724 --> 00:26:15,724
already made and is unwilling
to accept new evidence.
368
00:26:22,620 --> 00:26:25,551
[dark cello music]
369
00:26:40,655 --> 00:26:43,965
[Derk] For driving licenses
and other photo IDs
in the Netherlands,
370
00:26:44,000 --> 00:26:46,689
you need a photo
with no head-wear,
371
00:26:47,448 --> 00:26:52,034
except when you're
religious or your worldview,
372
00:26:52,068 --> 00:26:55,793
um, makes it necessary for you
to wear something on your head.
373
00:26:55,827 --> 00:26:57,931
Then it is allowed
as long as the face
374
00:26:57,965 --> 00:26:59,655
is still visible enough.
375
00:27:00,034 --> 00:27:02,620
[speaks in Dutch]
376
00:27:04,862 --> 00:27:07,620
[Derk] This exception
for religions and worldviews
377
00:27:07,655 --> 00:27:09,689
will be applicable
to Pastafarians
378
00:27:09,724 --> 00:27:15,827
only if it is judged
that they do have
a religion or a worldview,
379
00:27:15,862 --> 00:27:18,448
and that
the Pastafarian in question
380
00:27:18,482 --> 00:27:22,344
really has religious
reasons to cover his head.
381
00:27:35,137 --> 00:27:37,965
[Derk] In religious studies
or amongst theologians
382
00:27:38,000 --> 00:27:39,827
there has never been agreement
383
00:27:39,862 --> 00:27:41,448
about a definition of religion.
384
00:27:42,068 --> 00:27:46,034
So, if something
looks like a religion,
385
00:27:46,068 --> 00:27:47,413
people say it is a religion,
386
00:27:47,448 --> 00:27:50,793
and people say they are
adherents of this religion,
387
00:27:50,827 --> 00:27:54,551
then I think it should be
recognized as such,
388
00:27:54,586 --> 00:27:57,793
and all the expressions
of it should be recognized
389
00:27:57,827 --> 00:28:00,517
and protected equally,
because otherwise
390
00:28:00,551 --> 00:28:03,413
you're violating the principle
of equal treatment.
391
00:28:24,689 --> 00:28:26,413
[Roel] Well, obviously
you can never prove
392
00:28:26,448 --> 00:28:29,758
that a God or your God exists.
393
00:28:30,758 --> 00:28:32,724
That's the challenge
for every religion,
394
00:28:32,758 --> 00:28:34,620
and that's
the problem in this case,
395
00:28:34,655 --> 00:28:37,068
because the Pastafarians
can never prove
396
00:28:37,103 --> 00:28:39,379
that their Spaghetti Monster
really exists.
397
00:28:40,137 --> 00:28:42,310
On the other hand,
the mayor of Eindhoven
398
00:28:42,344 --> 00:28:44,482
can never
disprove its existence.
399
00:28:45,275 --> 00:28:47,551
So, we have to find another way
400
00:28:47,586 --> 00:28:49,827
to decide whether
this is a religion.
401
00:29:21,517 --> 00:29:24,482
The core of religious freedom
is that the state
402
00:29:24,517 --> 00:29:26,551
shouldn't meddle
with religious issues.
403
00:29:27,448 --> 00:29:29,620
And that the state
should grant its citizens
404
00:29:29,655 --> 00:29:31,586
the right to express
their own religion.
405
00:29:32,758 --> 00:29:35,206
The judge is, of course,
not a theologian,
406
00:29:35,758 --> 00:29:38,000
so he has to find other criteria
407
00:29:38,034 --> 00:29:42,068
to decide whether something
is a religion, a worldview,
408
00:29:42,724 --> 00:29:44,931
uh, or perhaps just
a bunch of nonsense.
409
00:29:46,379 --> 00:29:49,827
[somber cello music]
410
00:31:01,448 --> 00:31:04,034
So, these other religions,
they all have, uh, elements
411
00:31:04,068 --> 00:31:06,965
that are not very credible,
not realistic.
412
00:31:07,000 --> 00:31:09,241
Uh, that's why
it's called belief.
413
00:31:09,275 --> 00:31:12,379
You have to believe it, not
explain it or rationalize it.
414
00:31:20,241 --> 00:31:24,275
[Derk] They basically say that,
uh, Pastafarianism is a parody.
415
00:31:24,310 --> 00:31:27,758
It's actually just one
big elaborate practical joke.
416
00:31:27,793 --> 00:31:31,551
That's what they argue, and
they say that Mathe is a joker,
417
00:31:31,586 --> 00:31:33,517
and he's doing this
purely for fun
418
00:31:33,965 --> 00:31:35,517
just to see if
he can get away with it,
419
00:31:35,551 --> 00:31:37,448
and have a big laugh
and that's that.
420
00:31:37,482 --> 00:31:40,655
Well, this is,
I think, a satirical religion,
421
00:31:40,689 --> 00:31:44,206
and if we start to
recognize this, what's next?
422
00:31:44,241 --> 00:31:45,413
Where does it end?
423
00:31:47,793 --> 00:31:50,137
You could, of course,
ask the theoretical
424
00:31:50,172 --> 00:31:53,068
and principled question,
"Is this a good thing?
425
00:31:53,103 --> 00:31:56,620
Should religious people be
awarded more rights and freedoms
426
00:31:56,655 --> 00:31:58,620
than non-religious people?"
427
00:31:59,344 --> 00:32:01,689
[somber music]
428
00:32:05,413 --> 00:32:07,172
[Niko] If we would be
writing a fresh Constitution
429
00:32:07,206 --> 00:32:10,000
and fresh laws,
we would never introduce
430
00:32:10,034 --> 00:32:13,137
something like religion
or any other philosophy
431
00:32:13,172 --> 00:32:15,448
as being privileged
or discriminated against.
432
00:32:15,482 --> 00:32:18,034
It would be totally clear
in our modern society
433
00:32:18,068 --> 00:32:20,551
that everybody
has to be treated equal,
434
00:32:20,586 --> 00:32:23,068
regardless of his confession,
religion, whatever.
435
00:32:24,034 --> 00:32:28,068
[Bruder] In a very special way, we fight to get the same rights
436
00:32:28,103 --> 00:32:29,517
as the churches has.
437
00:32:30,482 --> 00:32:34,344
It never will happen, I'm sure, not in the near future.
438
00:32:35,448 --> 00:32:40,896
The only way is not to give special rights for anybody.
439
00:32:40,931 --> 00:32:43,000
[dramatic music]
440
00:32:45,344 --> 00:32:47,517
[thunder rumbles]
441
00:32:58,586 --> 00:33:01,172
[woman] People of
faith make better leaders.
442
00:33:02,862 --> 00:33:04,689
Faith gives us empathy.
443
00:33:05,241 --> 00:33:08,793
[chanting] God hates fags!
444
00:33:08,827 --> 00:33:10,275
It's called the Religious
Freedom Act.
445
00:33:10,310 --> 00:33:11,448
[news anchor 1] The Indiana
version
446
00:33:11,482 --> 00:33:12,758
gives businesses a license
447
00:33:12,793 --> 00:33:15,275
to discriminate, allowing them to refuse services
448
00:33:15,310 --> 00:33:17,448
to gay couples
for religious reasons.
449
00:33:18,000 --> 00:33:19,965
[news anchor 2] Most of
the measles cases in New York
450
00:33:20,000 --> 00:33:22,206
have occurred in
Orthodox Jewish communities.
451
00:33:22,241 --> 00:33:24,896
Parents can opt out
of mandatory immunizations
452
00:33:24,931 --> 00:33:26,172
for religious reasons.
453
00:33:26,206 --> 00:33:29,896
Jesus himself
gave us the flu shot.
454
00:33:29,931 --> 00:33:33,379
[Anderson] Didn't call a doctor
or seek any kind of medical treatment, they prayed.
455
00:33:33,413 --> 00:33:35,620
[news anchor 3] The death
later ruled a homicide.
456
00:33:35,655 --> 00:33:38,000
And now we're learning
the couple's religious beliefs
457
00:33:38,448 --> 00:33:40,862
are a reason they
didn't get medical help.
458
00:33:40,896 --> 00:33:44,344
[intense dark music]
459
00:33:51,448 --> 00:33:53,965
[news anchor 3] Sexually abused
more than a thousand children
460
00:33:54,000 --> 00:33:57,206
and likely thousands
more over seven decades.
461
00:33:57,241 --> 00:34:00,620
Church leaders
protected the priests,
putting children at risk.
462
00:34:00,655 --> 00:34:03,034
It takes a lot of money
to do what they did.
463
00:34:03,068 --> 00:34:06,413
[news anchor 4] It's impossible
to know exactly how many
millions of dollars
464
00:34:06,448 --> 00:34:08,068
these ministries take in
every year,
465
00:34:08,103 --> 00:34:09,620
because they are not required
466
00:34:09,655 --> 00:34:12,137
to make financial disclosures
of donations received.
467
00:34:12,586 --> 00:34:15,172
By the way,
all of it is tax-exempt.
468
00:34:16,344 --> 00:34:18,931
[dark playful music]
469
00:34:26,206 --> 00:34:28,137
[news anchor 5]
Pakistan's blasphemy laws,
470
00:34:28,172 --> 00:34:31,241
which says anyone
who's convicted
of speaking ill of Islam
471
00:34:31,275 --> 00:34:33,413
and Prophet Muhammad
faces the death penalty.
472
00:34:33,448 --> 00:34:35,827
-[klan member] A sign
of the Christian religion!
-White power!
473
00:34:35,862 --> 00:34:37,551
[news anchor 6] Shot in
the head by a Taliban gunman
474
00:34:37,586 --> 00:34:38,827
simply because she believes
475
00:34:38,862 --> 00:34:40,862
girls have the right
to go to school.
476
00:34:41,896 --> 00:34:44,275
[news anchor 7] Fires as
he approaches the upscale club
477
00:34:44,310 --> 00:34:45,758
in Istanbul, Turkey.
478
00:34:45,793 --> 00:34:47,448
[news anchor 8] Terror
strikes France once again.
479
00:34:47,482 --> 00:34:48,689
[news anchor 9]
ISIS is taking credit
480
00:34:48,724 --> 00:34:51,034
for the truck attack in Berlin.
481
00:34:51,068 --> 00:34:54,068
[woman] Oh, my gosh! Oh, my God!
482
00:34:58,758 --> 00:35:01,724
[slow somber music]
483
00:35:04,241 --> 00:35:06,275
The one thing that
I think is really dangerous
484
00:35:07,034 --> 00:35:09,896
in many religions
is that it gives people
485
00:35:10,310 --> 00:35:13,034
a gold-plated
excuse to stop thinking.
486
00:35:13,793 --> 00:35:15,551
-[host] To stop thinking?
-To stop thinking.
487
00:35:15,586 --> 00:35:17,896
To say, I don't
have to think about that
488
00:35:17,931 --> 00:35:21,172
because my religion says,
this is right, this is wrong,
489
00:35:21,206 --> 00:35:23,241
it's as clear as that,
it's black and white,
490
00:35:23,275 --> 00:35:25,068
I don't have to
think about this anymore.
491
00:35:25,655 --> 00:35:26,724
It's just a matter of faith.
492
00:35:26,758 --> 00:35:28,862
And this-- and we honor that.
493
00:35:29,586 --> 00:35:31,068
We say, "Oh,
it's a matter of faith."
494
00:35:31,103 --> 00:35:34,551
I think we have
to stop honoring people
495
00:35:34,586 --> 00:35:35,965
for stopping thinking.
496
00:35:45,310 --> 00:35:48,103
[man] We hold
with Charles Darwin
497
00:35:48,137 --> 00:35:51,068
that man is
descended from the monkey.
498
00:35:51,103 --> 00:35:55,379
[man 2] Friends, we don't
believe that man has
come from monkeys.
499
00:35:55,413 --> 00:35:57,379
God has created men.
500
00:35:57,413 --> 00:36:02,310
This dispute over the rising
idea of Darwinian evolution
501
00:36:02,344 --> 00:36:04,689
came into the United States
right during the Civil War.
502
00:36:04,724 --> 00:36:06,931
[gentle choir vocalizes]
503
00:36:10,586 --> 00:36:14,034
In the book of God's creation
showed a beneficent God.
504
00:36:14,068 --> 00:36:16,344
Well, suddenly they
didn't see a beneficent God
505
00:36:16,379 --> 00:36:18,344
on the battlefield
in Gettysburg,
506
00:36:18,379 --> 00:36:22,310
and they didn't see a beneficent
God in Darwinian evolution.
507
00:36:22,758 --> 00:36:27,655
And so, you had people,
led by conservative theologians,
508
00:36:27,689 --> 00:36:30,586
object immediately
that Darwinian evolution
509
00:36:31,344 --> 00:36:34,724
was antithetical to
their religious beliefs.
510
00:36:35,931 --> 00:36:41,482
But they didn't necessarily
object to a long Earth,
511
00:36:41,517 --> 00:36:42,655
that Earth was very old.
512
00:36:43,103 --> 00:36:45,275
By this time
many dinosaur discoveries
513
00:36:45,310 --> 00:36:46,896
were made in the United States,
514
00:36:46,931 --> 00:36:50,068
so they weren't creationists
like we think of today.
515
00:36:51,344 --> 00:36:54,482
They would accept
evolution that species evolved
516
00:36:54,517 --> 00:36:58,034
from other species,
as long as God
517
00:36:58,068 --> 00:36:59,862
was guiding the overall process.
518
00:37:00,379 --> 00:37:03,896
And that worked out
as a bit of a compromise.
519
00:37:04,689 --> 00:37:08,413
And so America adopted evolution
520
00:37:09,241 --> 00:37:13,379
without much controversy
until the 20th century.
521
00:37:13,413 --> 00:37:16,448
[somber music]
522
00:37:17,965 --> 00:37:20,931
That time World War I
was the most awful thing
523
00:37:20,965 --> 00:37:23,517
that modern people
had ever seen.
524
00:37:24,068 --> 00:37:26,931
The amount of carnage,
the amount of killing,
525
00:37:26,965 --> 00:37:29,758
and the destructiveness
of the scientific weapons,
526
00:37:29,793 --> 00:37:31,448
especially the chemical weapons
527
00:37:31,482 --> 00:37:35,931
that were used during that war,
were evidence, many thought,
528
00:37:35,965 --> 00:37:38,034
of what science was doing to us.
529
00:37:39,241 --> 00:37:41,931
That sort of thinking
made people skeptical
530
00:37:41,965 --> 00:37:44,206
about scientific progress.
531
00:37:45,896 --> 00:37:49,551
A movement developed out
of this fundamentalist movement,
532
00:37:49,586 --> 00:37:51,310
out of this split
in Christianity.
533
00:37:51,793 --> 00:37:53,655
And it began in the churches,
534
00:37:53,689 --> 00:37:56,379
where you saw
conservative Christians
535
00:37:56,413 --> 00:37:59,689
trying to
push those who believed
536
00:37:59,724 --> 00:38:03,413
in a purely evolutionary
view out of the pulpit,
537
00:38:03,862 --> 00:38:05,034
out of the seminaries.
538
00:38:05,068 --> 00:38:07,241
And then it expanded
539
00:38:07,275 --> 00:38:11,068
to, "We also want
these atheistical,
540
00:38:11,103 --> 00:38:13,965
scientific ideas
out of the classroom."
541
00:38:14,000 --> 00:38:16,344
It was a classic
populist movement.
542
00:38:16,931 --> 00:38:18,862
Now, the man
being tried for his views
543
00:38:18,896 --> 00:38:21,068
was school teacher, John Scopes,
544
00:38:21,103 --> 00:38:24,241
who was arrested for teaching
Darwin's theory of evolution.
545
00:38:24,275 --> 00:38:28,241
The Scopes Trial was
one of the key pivotal events
546
00:38:28,896 --> 00:38:31,482
in the evolution of creationism.
547
00:38:31,517 --> 00:38:32,862
[news anchor]
Bryan stifled the defense
548
00:38:32,896 --> 00:38:35,620
at every turn by
shouting over and over again,
549
00:38:36,137 --> 00:38:38,310
"The Bible states it,
it must be so!"
550
00:38:38,965 --> 00:38:41,551
As the trial moved outdoors,
Darrow astounded everyone
551
00:38:41,586 --> 00:38:43,931
by calling
Bryan himself to the stand,
552
00:38:43,965 --> 00:38:46,344
and after a full day
of pounding at him,
553
00:38:46,379 --> 00:38:49,034
Darrow had reduced
Bryan to a laughingstock
554
00:38:49,068 --> 00:38:50,379
in the eyes of his own people.
555
00:38:50,827 --> 00:38:53,275
As Darrow summed up
before the jury, he said,
556
00:38:53,310 --> 00:38:56,758
We are marching backward
to the glorious age
of the 16th century,
557
00:38:56,793 --> 00:38:59,689
when bigots burned the men
who dared to bring
any intelligence
558
00:38:59,724 --> 00:39:01,206
and culture to the human mind.
559
00:39:01,241 --> 00:39:05,172
[Edward] William Jennings Bryan
only held fast
560
00:39:05,206 --> 00:39:08,103
that humans were
created directly by God,
561
00:39:08,137 --> 00:39:10,724
and was willing to accept
that the Earth was very old.
562
00:39:11,517 --> 00:39:12,827
He didn't know how old.
563
00:39:13,620 --> 00:39:16,793
"600 million years old,"
he said on the stand at Dayton,
564
00:39:16,827 --> 00:39:18,689
"I don't know
how old the Earth is."
565
00:39:18,724 --> 00:39:23,965
Gradually, those ideas
were worked out, were,
were removed,
566
00:39:24,000 --> 00:39:27,413
and the fundamentalist doctrines
became more conservative.
567
00:39:27,448 --> 00:39:28,448
[preacher] The Holy Gospel...
568
00:39:28,482 --> 00:39:31,758
Healing all matter of diseases!
569
00:39:31,793 --> 00:39:33,482
Healed by Jesus!
570
00:39:33,517 --> 00:39:35,034
Savior, Jesus Christ.
571
00:39:35,068 --> 00:39:37,724
And his blood
washes whiter than snow.
572
00:39:37,758 --> 00:39:41,275
And you need to make
a vow of faith of $1,000!
573
00:39:41,310 --> 00:39:43,000
I think it's not too
much to say that evolutionism
574
00:39:43,034 --> 00:39:45,689
is the-- a chief weapon,
the basic weapon
575
00:39:45,724 --> 00:39:47,724
in Satan's war against God.
576
00:39:47,758 --> 00:39:50,413
[Edward] Henry Morris,
who was a Southern Baptist,
577
00:39:50,448 --> 00:39:52,137
became convinced
578
00:39:52,172 --> 00:39:54,586
that if you want
to take the Bible literally,
579
00:39:55,413 --> 00:39:57,620
you have to take
the whole Bible literally.
580
00:39:57,655 --> 00:39:59,137
You have
to believe these things,
581
00:39:59,172 --> 00:40:01,655
because if you
can't believe Genesis,
582
00:40:01,689 --> 00:40:04,482
why should you be
able to believe the Gospels?
583
00:40:04,517 --> 00:40:07,448
[host] Doctor Morris' lecture
was based in part on this book.
584
00:40:08,310 --> 00:40:11,034
You know, if Satan really
is the originator of evolution,
585
00:40:11,068 --> 00:40:12,965
that answers a lot
of questions, doesn't it?
586
00:40:13,310 --> 00:40:14,689
Well, the Bible
certainly tells us
587
00:40:14,724 --> 00:40:16,241
that Satan
is the father of lies,
588
00:40:16,275 --> 00:40:18,000
and he's the one that
deceives the whole world.
589
00:40:18,034 --> 00:40:21,931
Science begins with hypotheses,
590
00:40:22,758 --> 00:40:25,172
and then looks
at nature to test them.
591
00:40:25,206 --> 00:40:30,310
Creation science, as, as
Henry Morris called his ideas,
592
00:40:30,862 --> 00:40:32,206
is the reverse.
593
00:40:32,241 --> 00:40:34,344
They know the answers
to begin with,
594
00:40:34,379 --> 00:40:37,655
because, and Henry Morris
would be the first to say this,
595
00:40:37,689 --> 00:40:40,137
because, "I know
the Bible is literally true.
596
00:40:40,172 --> 00:40:41,793
I know the answers."
597
00:40:41,827 --> 00:40:45,103
And he looked at nature
to prove his ideas.
598
00:40:45,137 --> 00:40:46,310
[Ken] There's a war on.
599
00:40:46,344 --> 00:40:47,793
There's a war in society.
600
00:40:47,827 --> 00:40:49,862
It's Christianity
versus humanism.
601
00:40:49,896 --> 00:40:51,310
But you know,
at the foundational level,
602
00:40:51,344 --> 00:40:53,310
it really is
creation versus evolution.
603
00:40:53,793 --> 00:40:56,965
It's one of the most
fundamental, important
issues of today.
604
00:40:57,000 --> 00:41:01,310
Why should our ideas, which
are scientific in their view,
605
00:41:02,103 --> 00:41:05,172
why should our ideas be
excluded from public schools?
606
00:41:05,206 --> 00:41:07,310
So the movement
to exclude evolution
607
00:41:07,344 --> 00:41:13,034
morphed into a movement
to have both ideas taught.
608
00:41:13,068 --> 00:41:16,517
Lots of local school districts
passed laws or ordinances...
609
00:41:18,000 --> 00:41:19,344
calling for balanced treatment,
610
00:41:19,379 --> 00:41:20,793
equal treatment
of the two ideas.
611
00:41:20,827 --> 00:41:24,517
[man] Oye, Oye, Oye!
612
00:41:24,551 --> 00:41:26,206
[Edward]
The Supreme Court stepped in
613
00:41:26,241 --> 00:41:29,000
and struck down those laws
as unconstitutional,
614
00:41:29,034 --> 00:41:31,137
because they were promoting
615
00:41:31,172 --> 00:41:34,034
a religious idea,
creation science.
616
00:41:34,068 --> 00:41:38,137
The theory of evolution
is as unchallengeable
as we've been planned.
617
00:41:38,172 --> 00:41:41,034
When something like
90% of the public is skeptical
618
00:41:41,068 --> 00:41:42,724
to one degree
or another of the theory,
619
00:41:42,758 --> 00:41:45,000
how should educational
authorities address this?
620
00:41:45,034 --> 00:41:50,793
Okay, we can't ban
the teaching of evolution.
621
00:41:50,827 --> 00:41:53,551
We can't mandate the teaching
of creation science.
622
00:41:54,000 --> 00:41:56,310
We should at least be able
to teach intelligent design.
623
00:41:57,206 --> 00:42:00,551
It might not be a Christian God,
it might not even be God,
624
00:42:00,586 --> 00:42:03,275
but some sort of intelligence
is behind all this.
625
00:42:03,310 --> 00:42:06,172
[Phillip] Teach what
the official voices
of science say,
626
00:42:06,206 --> 00:42:08,206
that's knowledge
students should have,
627
00:42:08,241 --> 00:42:10,965
but they should also
learn why many people believe
628
00:42:11,000 --> 00:42:14,034
that what they are
being told is philosophy
629
00:42:14,068 --> 00:42:16,275
rather than a fact.
630
00:42:16,310 --> 00:42:19,586
The lawyerly arguments
of, of Phillip Johnson
631
00:42:19,620 --> 00:42:22,448
led to this
intelligent design movement,
632
00:42:22,482 --> 00:42:25,655
which then played out
most famously in Kansas.
633
00:42:33,965 --> 00:42:39,000
For our future,
I urge you to discard entirely
634
00:42:39,448 --> 00:42:42,344
the non-scientific bias
testimony
635
00:42:42,379 --> 00:42:44,586
that has been
presented in this classroom.
636
00:42:44,620 --> 00:42:47,793
You have a responsibility
that is much greater
637
00:42:47,827 --> 00:42:49,413
than each of you individually.
638
00:42:50,379 --> 00:42:52,793
You have a responsibility
to the children,
639
00:42:52,827 --> 00:42:54,172
and the future of this state.
640
00:42:54,206 --> 00:42:56,862
A responsibility
that you have sadly...
641
00:42:57,896 --> 00:43:01,103
sadly... failed.
642
00:43:01,137 --> 00:43:03,482
[dramatic piano music]
643
00:43:58,655 --> 00:44:01,517
[light guitar music]
644
00:44:04,137 --> 00:44:06,379
[Bobby] "The Open Letter
to the Kansas School Board.
645
00:44:07,586 --> 00:44:09,517
I'm writing
to you with much concern
646
00:44:09,551 --> 00:44:11,413
after having read of
your hearing to decide
647
00:44:11,448 --> 00:44:14,517
whether the alternative
theory of intelligent design
648
00:44:14,551 --> 00:44:16,931
should be taught along
with the theory of evolution.
649
00:44:17,517 --> 00:44:20,034
I think we can all agree that
it is important for students
650
00:44:20,068 --> 00:44:21,517
to hear multiple viewpoints,
651
00:44:21,965 --> 00:44:23,620
so they
can choose for themselves
652
00:44:23,655 --> 00:44:25,586
the theory that makes
the most sense to them.
653
00:44:26,413 --> 00:44:29,206
I am concerned, however,
that students will only hear
654
00:44:29,241 --> 00:44:31,482
one theory
of intelligent design.
655
00:44:33,034 --> 00:44:35,620
We have evidence that
a Flying Spaghetti Monster
656
00:44:35,655 --> 00:44:36,758
created the universe.
657
00:44:38,000 --> 00:44:39,827
None of us, of course,
were around to see it,
658
00:44:40,344 --> 00:44:42,068
but we have
written accounts of it.
659
00:44:42,103 --> 00:44:43,517
We have several lengthy volumes
660
00:44:43,551 --> 00:44:45,068
explaining more
details of His power.
661
00:44:46,241 --> 00:44:47,827
Also, you
may be surprised to hear
662
00:44:47,862 --> 00:44:50,206
that there are over
ten million of us and growing.
663
00:44:50,827 --> 00:44:52,758
We tend to be very secretive,
664
00:44:52,793 --> 00:44:55,793
as many people claim our beliefs are not substantiated
665
00:44:55,827 --> 00:44:57,206
by observable evidence.
666
00:44:58,137 --> 00:44:59,275
[door thuds]
667
00:44:59,310 --> 00:45:00,827
What these
people don't understand
668
00:45:00,862 --> 00:45:02,931
is that he built the world
to make us think
669
00:45:02,965 --> 00:45:04,931
that the Earth is
older than it really is.
670
00:45:05,517 --> 00:45:07,413
For example,
a scientist may perform
671
00:45:07,448 --> 00:45:09,413
a carbon dating
process on an artifact.
672
00:45:10,137 --> 00:45:12,103
But what our scientist
does not realize,
673
00:45:12,137 --> 00:45:14,379
is that every time
he makes a measurement,
674
00:45:14,413 --> 00:45:15,896
the Flying Spaghetti Monster
is there
675
00:45:15,931 --> 00:45:18,517
changing the results
with his noodly appendage.
676
00:45:19,862 --> 00:45:23,034
Furthermore, it is disrespectful to teach our beliefs
677
00:45:23,068 --> 00:45:25,241
without
wearing his chosen outfit,
678
00:45:25,275 --> 00:45:27,620
which is, of course,
full Pirate Regalia.
679
00:45:28,241 --> 00:45:30,758
I cannot stress the importance
of this enough,
680
00:45:30,793 --> 00:45:33,137
and unfortunately
cannot describe in detail
681
00:45:33,172 --> 00:45:35,379
why this must be done,
as I fear this letter
682
00:45:35,413 --> 00:45:37,206
is already becoming too long.
683
00:45:37,241 --> 00:45:38,413
The concise explanation
684
00:45:38,448 --> 00:45:40,827
is that he becomes angry
if we don't.
685
00:45:42,206 --> 00:45:44,758
Thank you for taking the time
to hear our views and beliefs.
686
00:45:46,103 --> 00:45:47,793
I think we can all
look forward to a time
687
00:45:47,827 --> 00:45:50,034
when these three theories
are given equal time
688
00:45:50,068 --> 00:45:52,241
in our science classrooms
across the country,
689
00:45:52,275 --> 00:45:53,758
and eventually, the world.
690
00:45:54,724 --> 00:45:57,206
One-third time
for intelligent design,
691
00:45:57,241 --> 00:45:59,827
one-third time for
Flying Spaghetti Monsterism,
692
00:45:59,862 --> 00:46:04,379
Pastafarianism, and one-third
time for logical conjecture
693
00:46:04,413 --> 00:46:07,517
based on overwhelming
observable evidence.
694
00:46:07,551 --> 00:46:11,689
Sincerely yours, Bobby
Henderson, concerned citizen.
695
00:46:12,241 --> 00:46:15,241
P.S. I have included
an artistic drawing of him
696
00:46:15,275 --> 00:46:18,172
creating a mountain,
trees, and a midget.
697
00:46:19,103 --> 00:46:21,758
Remember, we are
all His creatures."
698
00:46:28,758 --> 00:46:32,931
We need to recognize
that populations change,
699
00:46:33,482 --> 00:46:38,034
demographics change,
so my advocacy
700
00:46:38,655 --> 00:46:41,103
in keeping religion
out of government...
701
00:46:42,827 --> 00:46:48,758
must be seen as an effort
to also protect religion.
702
00:46:50,103 --> 00:46:54,068
Because who's to say
that in 100 years from now,
703
00:46:55,068 --> 00:46:56,344
the Muslim faith...
704
00:46:57,137 --> 00:47:00,482
may be the predominant religion
in this country.
705
00:47:01,068 --> 00:47:04,517
And how are Christians
then going to feel
706
00:47:04,551 --> 00:47:08,000
if they see passages
from the Quran in schools?
707
00:47:09,344 --> 00:47:10,655
They'd be outraged.
708
00:47:11,862 --> 00:47:15,172
Would they remember
that when they had the power...
709
00:47:16,413 --> 00:47:19,931
they were enforcing
their views on others?
710
00:47:21,689 --> 00:47:24,931
And the best way
to protect that balance...
711
00:47:26,379 --> 00:47:31,206
is to keep special benefits,
to any religion...
712
00:47:32,827 --> 00:47:37,206
away from government, so that...
713
00:47:38,068 --> 00:47:40,517
one's religious freedom...
714
00:47:41,724 --> 00:47:45,689
is equal to one's freedom
from religion.
715
00:47:52,448 --> 00:47:56,310
[gentle piano music]
716
00:48:48,551 --> 00:48:50,103
So, the European Court
of Human Rights
717
00:48:50,137 --> 00:48:53,655
says that religion
should be cogent, coherent,
718
00:48:53,689 --> 00:48:57,000
important, and serious.
719
00:48:57,034 --> 00:49:00,896
That last criterion
has been used by the judge
720
00:49:00,931 --> 00:49:03,103
and by the mayors, uh, to say,
721
00:49:03,137 --> 00:49:06,103
"Well, it's a parody,
so it's not serious.
722
00:49:06,137 --> 00:49:07,931
So it cannot be a religion."
723
00:49:37,896 --> 00:49:40,344
So their ethics are in the eight
724
00:49:40,379 --> 00:49:42,034
"I'd Really Rather You Didn'ts."
725
00:49:42,068 --> 00:49:46,275
They contain an ethic
of nonviolence, of tolerance,
726
00:49:46,310 --> 00:49:49,172
of being generally
nice to each other,
727
00:49:49,206 --> 00:49:50,517
taking care of each other.
728
00:50:23,206 --> 00:50:26,655
[Derk] So this is the serious
side of Pastafarianism,
729
00:50:26,689 --> 00:50:31,517
which is often overlooked
by peop-- people that
only see a parody.
730
00:50:31,965 --> 00:50:35,793
Humor can be used
as a very powerful instrument
731
00:50:35,827 --> 00:50:38,172
of, uh, conveying
an important message.
732
00:50:38,724 --> 00:50:40,517
And that's what
Pastafarianism does.
733
00:50:40,551 --> 00:50:42,275
[gentle piano music]
734
00:51:11,310 --> 00:51:14,172
[choir vocalizes]
735
00:51:38,172 --> 00:51:41,379
[Daniel] We're living in an age
where community
736
00:51:41,413 --> 00:51:43,896
is evaporating in many regards,
737
00:51:43,931 --> 00:51:46,275
and contrary
to some of the hype,
738
00:51:46,310 --> 00:51:48,034
the internet
is not really providing
739
00:51:48,068 --> 00:51:49,827
the right sort of community.
740
00:51:50,413 --> 00:51:54,206
We need face-to-face,
local organizations
741
00:51:54,241 --> 00:51:58,137
where people recognize you,
know something of your problems,
742
00:51:58,172 --> 00:52:00,827
and make common cause
with you about something.
743
00:52:01,758 --> 00:52:05,448
That, I think, is the great
virtue of existing religion,
744
00:52:05,862 --> 00:52:11,689
is providing a focus
for common cause,
for joint activity,
745
00:52:11,724 --> 00:52:14,689
an organization
with an infrastructure
746
00:52:14,724 --> 00:52:17,137
that makes it possible
to work locally
747
00:52:17,172 --> 00:52:18,724
to make things better.
748
00:52:20,034 --> 00:52:23,655
Now, can we have that
in secular organizations?
749
00:52:23,689 --> 00:52:28,103
We can, but we haven't
made much progress with that.
750
00:52:30,931 --> 00:52:34,034
I don't think it would be
wise for secular organizations
751
00:52:34,068 --> 00:52:37,137
to adopt the irrationalities
of religion
752
00:52:37,172 --> 00:52:39,724
in order to
maintain their adherents.
753
00:52:40,275 --> 00:52:42,827
But I think they
should think very hard
754
00:52:42,862 --> 00:52:48,931
about what kinds of
emotionally binding rituals,
755
00:52:48,965 --> 00:52:52,068
traditions, activities,
would help them.
756
00:52:53,551 --> 00:52:57,448
These signs of camaraderie
are very important,
757
00:52:57,482 --> 00:53:01,896
and I think we should preserve
these features of religions.
758
00:53:02,862 --> 00:53:05,034
You have to
hold on to the good stuff,
759
00:53:05,068 --> 00:53:07,551
and let the bad stuff slip away.
760
00:53:18,275 --> 00:53:22,034
[sings in German]
761
00:54:03,000 --> 00:54:05,103
I became a Pastafarian
three years ago
762
00:54:05,137 --> 00:54:07,517
when I heard my,
my Lord speak to me.
763
00:54:07,551 --> 00:54:10,448
I answered him, "R'Amen," and
I've followed him ever since.
764
00:54:11,310 --> 00:54:13,586
As a Pastafarian, I believe
765
00:54:13,620 --> 00:54:16,103
that the Flying Spaghetti
Monster created the world
766
00:54:16,137 --> 00:54:17,379
and all that is in it.
767
00:54:17,413 --> 00:54:19,965
I ask that,
regardless of your own beliefs,
768
00:54:20,000 --> 00:54:21,620
you show a commitment
to equal rights
769
00:54:21,655 --> 00:54:23,517
and to the First Amendment
by allowing our church
770
00:54:23,551 --> 00:54:26,379
to erect a holiday display
on the courthouse lawn as well
771
00:54:26,793 --> 00:54:29,103
that is in equal
in visibility to Christian
772
00:54:29,137 --> 00:54:30,344
and Jewish installations.
773
00:54:30,862 --> 00:54:32,241
I am committed
to seeing equality
774
00:54:32,275 --> 00:54:34,413
come to the Chester County
courthouse lawn,
775
00:54:34,448 --> 00:54:36,068
and I trust that you are, too.
776
00:54:36,103 --> 00:54:39,931
[sings in German]
777
00:54:58,931 --> 00:55:01,310
We're gathered here to,
uh, do the business
778
00:55:01,344 --> 00:55:03,000
of our Kenai Peninsula borough.
779
00:55:03,931 --> 00:55:06,310
We make the rules,
behavior in property,
780
00:55:07,068 --> 00:55:10,206
levy taxes, and determine
how to disperse them wisely.
781
00:55:11,103 --> 00:55:13,586
A few of the assembly members
seem to feel
782
00:55:13,620 --> 00:55:15,206
that they can't do this work
783
00:55:15,241 --> 00:55:17,862
without being overseen
by a higher authority.
784
00:55:18,310 --> 00:55:21,862
So I'm called to invoke
the power of the true
785
00:55:21,896 --> 00:55:23,689
inebriated creator
of the universe,
786
00:55:24,344 --> 00:55:28,137
drunken tolerator of all
the lesser and more recent gods,
787
00:55:28,172 --> 00:55:30,517
and maintainer
of gravity here on Earth.
788
00:55:31,827 --> 00:55:33,689
May the great
Flying Spaghetti Monster
789
00:55:33,724 --> 00:55:37,241
rouse himself from his stupor
and let his noodly appendages
790
00:55:37,275 --> 00:55:39,793
ground each assembly member
in their seats.
791
00:55:41,379 --> 00:55:45,172
[sings in German]
792
00:56:04,000 --> 00:56:06,655
I look forward to
working with you on this.
Thank you for your time.
793
00:56:10,724 --> 00:56:12,137
[council member] Any questions?
794
00:56:14,482 --> 00:56:15,344
Go ahead.
795
00:56:17,275 --> 00:56:20,413
Do you but-- Uh, what was
the Flying Spaghetti Man?
796
00:56:20,827 --> 00:56:22,655
[Tracy] It's the Flying
Spaghetti Monster.
797
00:56:22,689 --> 00:56:24,551
[council member]
Flying Spaghetti Monster.
798
00:56:24,586 --> 00:56:27,586
[Tracy] Yes, it is-- that is
the deity of our religion.
60246
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