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In this lesson, you will learn the difference
between the present simple tense and the present
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continuous tense, which is also called the
present progressive tense.
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In other words, you'll learn the difference
between saying "I work" or "I am working".
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So, this lesson is part of a series created
by engVid to help you learn all of the English
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verb tenses.
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Now, I have created lessons on each of these
tenses separately, and maybe you have already
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watched them, and now you're watching this,
which is great, or you can watch this lesson
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and then you can go on and watch the other
separate lessons so that you can go into more
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detail if you wish.
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So, both of these tenses are basic tenses.
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However, they don't exist in all languages,
and maybe they don't exist in your language,
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so pay a little more attention and as you
do, you will understand easily the differences
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between these tenses.
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So, shall we begin?
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Let's go!
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So, the present simple tense sounds like this:
I work.
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The present continuous tense sounds like this:
I am working.
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So, what's the very basic difference?
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The basic difference is that "I am working"
talks about something that's happening right
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now, or something temporary that happens for
a short time.
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"I work", present simple, talks about something
that's true in general, or something more
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permanent, something that lasts for a long
time.
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That's the very basic difference, but we're
going to be looking at all of the really specific
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differences between these two tenses.
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But first, let's see, what does this tense
even look like?
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What does it sound like?
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Let's see that.
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So, with present simple, we basically take
the subject + the verb.
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In this case, our sample verb is "work".
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So, it would sound like this - you can say
it after me if you like.
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It's good to repeat things out loud, helps
you to feel more comfortable and get used
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to using it yourself.
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So, we would say: I work.
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You work.
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We work.
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They work.
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But here we have a difference: He works.
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We have to add an "s" there.
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She works.
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It works, okay?
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Again, once you've studied this tense in detail,
you'll know all of these changes perfectly,
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but I'm just giving you an overall view.
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When it becomes negative, it becomes "He does
not work.", or, if it becomes a question,
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it would say "Does he work?", alright?
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So, that's the basis of the present simple.
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Now, let's look at present continuous.
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Now here, what happens?
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We have a subject: I, he, you, they, etc.,
+ the verb "to be", we need that helping verb
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here, + our basic verb, which in this case
is "work", + "-ing", so it's a little bit
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longer because we have that helping verb in
the middle, plus we have "-ing" at the end,
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okay?
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So, how does this sound?
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I am working.
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You are working.
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We are working.
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They are working.
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He is working.
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She is working.
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And, it is working, alright?
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So, that's the basic positive form of it.
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The negative form would be just to add a "not".
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"You are not working".
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He is not working.
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And if we shorten that, it becomes "He isn't
working".
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And if we make it into a question, change
the order, we would say "Is he working?"
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Are you working?
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Are they working?
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And so on, okay?
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So, that's the basic structure of the two
tenses, and next we will be looking at when
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to use them.
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So, we use these two tenses in different ways.
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Let's understand now what they are.
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So, in the present simple, we would say, for
example, "I live in this building".
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This is my permanent residence.
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This is where I live all the time.
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So, we use present simple: "I live".
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In present continuous, we might say "I am
staying at a hotel."
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This is something temporary.
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It's not all the time, it's only for some
time.
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So, here, we have "I am staying", which is
present continuous, here we have "I live",
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which is present simple.
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Permanent, temporary.
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Next, we could say "He plays the guitar."
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This is true in general.
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It means he knows how to play the guitar.
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He plays.
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Present simple.
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Here, we could say "He is playing the guitar."
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That means he's doing that right now.
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He is playing now.
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As soon as we say, "He is playing", even if
we don't use the word "now", this tense already
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means that it's happening right now, okay?
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So, he plays in general, but he is playing
the guitar means it's happening right now.
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Another example, "We watch the news at 9:00pm."
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"We watch", okay?
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This is to talk about a routine, every day
we watch the news at 9:00pm.
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Alright?
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So that's to describe a routine, something
that happens regularly.
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Or, we could say here "We are watching the
news."
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"We are watching" means what?
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In this case again, it's happening right now,
okay?
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We're watching the news, call us later, we're
just watching the news, happening now.
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But, every day, we watch the news at 9:00,
okay?
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So that's a routine, that's again something
that's happening now.
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See the difference?
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Let's look at another one.
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"The sun sets in the west."
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"The sun sets", okay?
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The sun rises in the morning, the sun sets
in the evening.
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This is just a fact, okay?
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So, we use present simple to talk about facts.
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But, here, we could say "Look, how beautiful,
the sun is setting!
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The sky is all orange and pink and lovely
colors".
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So, this means the sun "is setting" means
it's happening right now, alright?
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So here, it was a fact, the sun sets in the
west, it's just a fact, and here, it's happening
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now.
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So, these are the first few differences between
these two tenses.
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Now, here are some more differences.
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In present simple, we would say "The price
rises every year."
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This is something that happens in general.
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In present continuous, we might say "The price
is rising this year."
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This is a trend, this is the general direction
in which things are changing, so here, the
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price "is rising" this year, but the price
"rises every year", okay?
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This is present simple.
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Next, suppose we want to talk about a habit.
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We might say "She always takes the bus."
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She always takes - but here, we might say
"She is always complaining about the bus."
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So, when you're talking about a negative habit,
then we can use present continuous, but if
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you're just talking about a regular habit,
then you would use present simple.
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Alright?
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Next, we could say, in present simple, "The
flight leaves at 7:00pm."
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Now, why do we use present simple for that?
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Because it's a regularly scheduled event,
right?
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The flight leaves at 7:00pm, that's the schedule.
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It always leaves at 7:00pm.
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But in present continuous, we might say "The
flight is leaving."
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The flight is leaving means what?
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The flight is leaving right now, okay?
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And we know that because we have "is leaving".
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Here, we had just "leaves".
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Okay.
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And now here's something where both of these
tenses can actually be used for the same purpose,
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but in different ways, with different language.
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So, we could say, for example, even though
this is the present simple, and even though
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this is the present continuous, until now
we have been talking about present uses, but
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let's look at this example, this is different.
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"The flight leaves at 7:00pm tomorrow."
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What, Rebecca, really?
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Leaves, present simple, and tomorrow?
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Yes, we could say that, and we do say that
sometimes.
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Why?
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Because it's kind of connected with this one
because it's a regularly scheduled event,
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right?
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Then we could use it to talk about tomorrow,
okay?
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And sometimes we do.
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So, we could say "The flight leaves at 7:00pm
tomorrow."
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and it's kind of connected to this idea of
the schedule, alright?
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But similarly, you could also say "The flight
is leaving at 7:00pm tomorrow."
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Again, you're saying, "Rebecca, really, this
is present continuous, why are we using it
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to talk about the future?"
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Because we can!
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It has a special use where we can say - use
present continuous to talk about something
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in the future but you have to say something
like tomorrow, next week, next Monday, next
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year.
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You have to give the time, because if you
say, "The flight is leaving at 7:00pm.", what
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does it mean?
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It's leaving right now.
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But - or, a little bit in the future - but
if we say the flight is leaving at 7:00pm
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tomorrow, then we know for certain it's in
the future and yes, we can also use present
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continuous along with a few other ways to
talk about the future.
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There's one other really important difference
between the present simple tense and the present
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continuous tense, and that has to do with
the kind of verbs we can use with each tense.
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So, one way to divide verbs in English is
to see whether it's an action verb or whether
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it's a stative verb.
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An action verb is something that has action.
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For example, run or jump, or sing and dance,
read and write.
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These are all action verbs.
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And action verbs, we can use in the present
simple tense and we can also use them in the
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present continuous tense.
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For example, I could say "She runs", as in,
she runs every day, or "She is running", like
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she's running right now, but stative verbs
are different.
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Stative verbs describe a state or condition.
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It could be a mental state, it could be an
emotional state, it could talk about possession,
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it could talk about certain senses, and there
is a list of stative verbs which you need
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to learn when you're studying English grammar,
because most of the time, we cannot use the
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stative verbs in the continuous tenses.
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But, with the present simple, you can use
all the verbs.
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You can use the action verbs and you can use
stative verbs, no problem, alright?
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So, for example, we can definitely say "He
knows them."
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or "We like them.", knowing being something
mental, and like being something emotional,
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alright?
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So, with present simple, use any verb you
like.
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With present continuous, be careful, definitely
you can use the action words, but if you are
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not sure about the stative verbs, avoid them.
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As a general rule, be careful of using any
stative verbs with the present continuous
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tense.
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Now, we're going to practice by looking at
some mistakes and you are going to help me
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correct them.
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Number one: someone says "Look!
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It snows!".
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What's wrong with that?
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Well, it's happening right now, because you're
saying "Look!"
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Look at what's happening right now, so this
should not be "It snows", which is present
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simple, it should be what?
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"It is snowing.", okay?
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Because it's happening right now.
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Number two: "She works in the Tokyo office
this month."
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What's wrong with that?
209
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It's wrong because it's temporary.
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So, what should it be?
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Not "She works", but "She is working", okay?
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Alright.
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Number three: "We are making websites."
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Let's suppose somebody asks a company, "What
do you do?"
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And they answer, "We are making websites."
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That's wrong.
217
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Why?
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Because that's their permanent activity.
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That's their main activity.
220
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It's not something temporary.
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So, what should they say?
222
00:15:44,600 --> 00:15:54,199
They should say "We" - not this - but "We
make websites."
223
00:15:54,199 --> 00:15:55,819
We make websites.
224
00:15:55,819 --> 00:15:57,860
We manufacture cars.
225
00:15:57,860 --> 00:15:58,860
Alright?
226
00:15:58,860 --> 00:16:00,829
Like that.
227
00:16:00,829 --> 00:16:07,079
Number four: "He gives a presentation now."
228
00:16:07,079 --> 00:16:08,490
You know that's wrong.
229
00:16:08,490 --> 00:16:09,490
Why?
230
00:16:09,490 --> 00:16:16,110
We even have the word "now", so if it's happening
now, it needs to be in which tense?
231
00:16:16,110 --> 00:16:18,800
The present continuous tense.
232
00:16:18,800 --> 00:16:20,619
How do we change this?
233
00:16:20,619 --> 00:16:23,499
We get rid of "gives" and we say, "He is giving".
234
00:16:23,499 --> 00:16:30,100
He's giving a presentation now.
235
00:16:30,100 --> 00:16:31,300
Alright?
236
00:16:31,300 --> 00:16:32,510
Good.
237
00:16:32,510 --> 00:16:37,850
Number five: "Unemployment goes down this
year."
238
00:16:37,850 --> 00:16:42,869
Unemployment is people who are out of work,
who do not have work.
239
00:16:42,869 --> 00:16:46,429
But it's saying "this year".
240
00:16:46,429 --> 00:16:47,660
This is what?
241
00:16:47,660 --> 00:16:52,430
This is a trend, this is a way that things
are changing.
242
00:16:52,430 --> 00:16:59,639
So, for that, we should use - not present
simple, but present continuous.
243
00:16:59,639 --> 00:17:08,570
So, this one will be "Unemployment is going
down this year."
244
00:17:08,570 --> 00:17:09,570
Okay?
245
00:17:09,570 --> 00:17:10,570
Excellent.
246
00:17:10,570 --> 00:17:15,820
Number six: "They're always going to bed at
11:00."
247
00:17:15,820 --> 00:17:17,709
What's wrong with that?
248
00:17:17,709 --> 00:17:20,950
Well, is it a bad thing?
249
00:17:20,950 --> 00:17:26,150
Is it a bad habit to go to bed at 11:00, or
is it just a habit?
250
00:17:26,150 --> 00:17:29,820
Well, I think it's just a habit.
251
00:17:29,820 --> 00:17:37,440
So, in that case, we cannot say "They are
always going to bed", but we just say, "They
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00:17:37,440 --> 00:17:42,390
always go to bed at 11:00."
253
00:17:42,390 --> 00:17:48,110
If it was a negative habit, then we could
have said the other way.
254
00:17:48,110 --> 00:17:53,530
Number seven: "Are you liking chocolate cake?"
255
00:17:53,530 --> 00:17:57,140
That's wrong, but why is it wrong?
256
00:17:57,140 --> 00:18:05,150
It's wrong because this is a stative verb,
and we said that with most stative verbs,
257
00:18:05,150 --> 00:18:08,390
we cannot use the present continuous.
258
00:18:08,390 --> 00:18:18,310
So, instead of all of this, we have to say,
"Do you like chocolate cake?"
259
00:18:18,310 --> 00:18:22,900
Present simple, with most stative verbs, okay?
260
00:18:22,900 --> 00:18:29,550
Present simple - sorry, with all stative verbs,
and the other one with just a few stative
261
00:18:29,550 --> 00:18:31,870
verbs.
262
00:18:31,870 --> 00:18:35,880
Number eight: now look at number eight and
number nine together, okay?
263
00:18:35,880 --> 00:18:40,080
Let's try to understand when we use which
one.
264
00:18:40,080 --> 00:18:47,320
Number eight says "What are you doing?" and
number nine says "What do you do?".
265
00:18:47,320 --> 00:18:50,400
What is the difference between these two?
266
00:18:50,400 --> 00:18:55,770
So, "What do you do?"
267
00:18:55,770 --> 00:18:57,800
means what is your job?
268
00:18:57,800 --> 00:19:01,210
What is your profession, what do you do for
work?
269
00:19:01,210 --> 00:19:05,420
And "What are you doing?" means right now.
270
00:19:05,420 --> 00:19:06,690
Hey, what are you doing?
271
00:19:06,690 --> 00:19:10,090
Oh, I'm watching TV, I'm reading the news,
okay?
272
00:19:10,090 --> 00:19:15,770
So, if you confuse the two, that's a problem.
273
00:19:15,770 --> 00:19:22,480
So, if you meet someone at a networking event,
or a party, or a conference, and you want
274
00:19:22,480 --> 00:19:29,000
to get to know their profession, their work,
it would be wrong in that case to ask them
275
00:19:29,000 --> 00:19:30,300
"What are you doing?".
276
00:19:30,300 --> 00:19:35,420
There, you want to know the second one, "What
do you do?".
277
00:19:35,420 --> 00:19:44,440
But, in number nine, if you call up your friend
and you ask him or her "What do you do?",
278
00:19:44,440 --> 00:19:51,710
that would be wrong, because you want to ask
your friend "Hey, what are you doing?", alright?
279
00:19:51,710 --> 00:19:57,660
So, this one - these two depend on what you
mean and who you're talking to, and what it's
280
00:19:57,660 --> 00:19:58,690
about.
281
00:19:58,690 --> 00:20:04,260
And accordingly, you will use present continuous
or present simple.
282
00:20:04,260 --> 00:20:09,270
And the last one here: "She is living in Brazil."
283
00:20:09,270 --> 00:20:10,620
That's wrong.
284
00:20:10,620 --> 00:20:11,910
Why?
285
00:20:11,910 --> 00:20:18,530
Because we don't have any information to tell
us that this is temporary, so this is probably
286
00:20:18,530 --> 00:20:19,880
permanent.
287
00:20:19,880 --> 00:20:26,540
This is what happens all the time, or most
of the time, so it should be not present continuous
288
00:20:26,540 --> 00:20:31,470
but "She lives in Brazil.", okay?
289
00:20:31,470 --> 00:20:33,220
Excellent work!
290
00:20:33,220 --> 00:20:38,450
Excellent work correcting them and thinking
through them, most important, because that's
291
00:20:38,450 --> 00:20:42,240
what you can do when you are working on them
by yourself.
292
00:20:42,240 --> 00:20:47,340
Now, we'll finish up by filling in the blanks
with the correct tense.
293
00:20:47,340 --> 00:20:54,820
So, I've written the verb that you need to
use in the blanks at the beginning of the
294
00:20:54,820 --> 00:20:59,460
sentence, so, let's read the sentence so you
understand what you need to do.
295
00:20:59,460 --> 00:21:08,180
(drink) "Usually, I ____________ tea, but
today I __________ coffee".
296
00:21:08,180 --> 00:21:14,710
Can you tell which one needs to be in present
simple and which one needs to be in present
297
00:21:14,710 --> 00:21:16,410
continuous?
298
00:21:16,410 --> 00:21:21,170
In this case, in the same sentence, we need
to use both of the tenses.
299
00:21:21,170 --> 00:21:26,660
So, which one goes where?
300
00:21:26,660 --> 00:21:28,390
Are you ready?
301
00:21:28,390 --> 00:21:30,150
Let me help you out a little bit.
302
00:21:30,150 --> 00:21:42,260
Usually, I - yes - drink, because this is
"Usually", most of the time, okay?
303
00:21:42,260 --> 00:21:54,260
Usually I drink tea, but today I - we'll use
the contraction, I'm drinking coffee.
304
00:21:54,260 --> 00:21:57,650
Okay?
305
00:21:57,650 --> 00:21:58,650
Very good.
306
00:21:58,650 --> 00:22:02,120
Number two: now the verb is "start".
307
00:22:02,120 --> 00:22:12,770
"Usually, he __________ work at 8:00, but
today he _________ at 9:00."
308
00:22:12,770 --> 00:22:15,560
What should it be?
309
00:22:15,560 --> 00:22:34,160
Usually, he starts work at 8:00, but today
he is starting at 9:00.
310
00:22:34,160 --> 00:22:35,350
Okay?
311
00:22:35,350 --> 00:22:36,490
Very good.
312
00:22:36,490 --> 00:22:41,950
Number three: "listen" is the verb we need
to use.
313
00:22:41,950 --> 00:22:52,640
"Usually, we ___________ rock music, but today
we _____________ jazz."
314
00:22:52,640 --> 00:23:04,911
Usually, we - yes - listen to, we need a preposition
there, usually we listen to rock music, but
315
00:23:04,911 --> 00:23:14,340
today we - we're listening to jazz.
316
00:23:14,340 --> 00:23:17,260
Okay, you've got it!
317
00:23:17,260 --> 00:23:25,870
And number four: (make) "Usually, they ______
rice, but today, they _______ noodles."
318
00:23:25,870 --> 00:23:27,960
Use the verb "make".
319
00:23:27,960 --> 00:23:40,810
So, usually they make rice, but today they
are making noodles.
320
00:23:40,810 --> 00:23:42,450
Great!
321
00:23:42,450 --> 00:23:46,070
And you are making a lot of progress!
322
00:23:46,070 --> 00:23:47,070
Okay?
323
00:23:47,070 --> 00:23:49,400
So, where do you go from here?
324
00:23:49,400 --> 00:23:56,410
Well, if you'd like to review these tenses
or learn these tenses, you can watch the full
325
00:23:56,410 --> 00:24:01,980
lesson and the class that I've created for
each of these tenses, the present simple and
326
00:24:01,980 --> 00:24:06,850
the present continuous so you can certainly
do that so that you really understand them
327
00:24:06,850 --> 00:24:14,310
very deeply, when to use them, how to use
them, and so on, and if you feel quite confident
328
00:24:14,310 --> 00:24:19,390
and comfortable and you've got most of these
right or all of them right, then you're ready
329
00:24:19,390 --> 00:24:25,460
to move on to the next tense in our series,
which is the past simple tense.
330
00:24:25,460 --> 00:24:31,810
And, if you'd like to do a little quiz on
this, then please go to www.engvid.com so
331
00:24:31,810 --> 00:24:33,480
you can do that.
332
00:24:33,480 --> 00:24:37,920
So, congratulations and I wish you all the
best with your English.27465
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