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Hi.
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My name is Rheedan.
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Welcome to Oxford Online English!
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Today, you can learn about the most important
verb in English: "to be."
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You'll learn how to use "be" in simple sentences
and questions.
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The verb, "be," is everywhere in English.
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We use it all the time, so you need to know
how to use "be" correctly.
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Do you know the sentence: "To be or not to
be, that is the question."
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It's from Shakespeare's "Hamlet."
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It's only 10 words long and uses the word
"to be" three times.
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So if you want to speak well, practicing the
verb "to be" will help your English.
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How to use different forms of "be."
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"Be" has different forms.
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Let's look.
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We say, "I am.
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You are.
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He/she/it is.
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We are.
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You are.
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They are."
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Do you know these forms?
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If not, repeat them again and again until
you know them perfectly.
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Let's do it one more time.
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"I am.
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You are.
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He/she/it is.
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We are.
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You are.
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They are."
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What about my brother?
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My brother am?
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My brother are?
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My brother is?
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Which is correct?
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My brother = he.
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My brother is.
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What about the cups?
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The cups am?
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The cups are?
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The cups is?
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Which is correct?
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The cups = they.
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The cups are.
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Next, let's look at how to make simple sentences
with "be."
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How can we use "be?"
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There are many ways.
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We can use "be" with a number: "I am 29 years
old."
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"You are 190 centimeters tall."
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"It is 5:00."
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We can use "be" with a noun, to say what something
is: "He is a doctor."
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"She is a student."
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"It is a cookbook."
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You can use "be" with an adjective, like hungry
or quiet: "We are hungry."
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"You are very quiet."
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"They are German."
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OK, what if you want to make a negative sentence?
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It's easy to make negative sentences with
"be."
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Just add "not" after the verb.
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"I am 29 years old --> I am not 29 years old."
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"Sarah is a student --> Sarah is not a student."
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"We are hungry --> We are not hungry."
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What about, "He is a doctor."?
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Can you make it negative?
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"He is not a doctor."
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Easy, right?
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Good.
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Let's look at how to make short forms, contractions,
with "be."
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When we speak, we often make short forms,
also called contractions, with "be."
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What am I talking about?
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You saw the example: "I am 29 years old."
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We don't usually say this.
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We usually say, "I'm 29 years old."
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"I'm" is a short form, or contraction.
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We take two words and put them together.
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This is easier to say.
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Let's look at some more short forms with the
verb "be."
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"I am --> I'm."
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"You are --> You're."
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"He is --> He's."
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"She is --> She's."
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"It is --> It's."
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"We are --> We're."
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"They are --> They're."
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You can also make short forms with nouns.
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"Sarah is a student --> Sarah's a student."
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"My camera is Japanese --> My camera's Japanese."
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What about short forms with negatives?
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Let's look.
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"I am not --> I'm not."
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"You are not --> You aren't; You're not."
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"He is not --> He isn't; He's not."
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"She is not --> She isn't; She's not."
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"It is not --> It isn't; It's not."
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"We are not --> We aren't; We're not."
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"They are not --> They aren't; They're not."
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Let's look at some examples: "I am not 29."
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"I'm not 29."
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"He is not a doctor."
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"He isn't a doctor," or: "He's not a doctor."
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OK, your turn.
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"It is not a cookbook."
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What are the two short forms?
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"It isn't a cookbook," or: "It's not a cookbook."
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Let's do one more: "They are not German."
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Can you make the short forms?
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"They aren't German," or: "They're not German."
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When you speak English, remember to use short
forms with "be."
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You'll sound more natural.
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Let's learn to do one more thing with "be."
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Let's see how to use "be" to make simple yes/no
questions.
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Look at the sentence: "He is a doctor."
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Can you make a yes/no question from this sentence?
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"Is he a doctor?"
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What happened?
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We moved the verb "be" to the beginning.
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Let's look at another example.
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"Sarah is a student."
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Can you make the question?
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"Is Sarah a student?"
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OK, one more, a bit different: "You are Italian."
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Can you make the question?
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"Are you Italian?"
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The same thing happens.
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Just move "be" to the beginning.
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What about, "They are German?"
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Can you make the question?
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"Are they German?"
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Same idea again.
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Not too difficult, right?
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Okay.
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Let's review what we've studied in this class.
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Can you remember what you learned in this
lesson?
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We saw how to make simple sentences with "be,"
how to make short forms with "be," and how
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to make simple questions with "be."
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Remember, you can watch the video again to
review the topic if you want to.
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Want more practice?
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Look at the full lesson on our website: www.oxfordonlineenglish.com.
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That's the end of the lesson.
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Thanks very much for watching.
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I hope you found it useful.
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See you next time!9394
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