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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:07,808 --> 00:00:09,808 The andes mountains. 2 00:00:09,844 --> 00:00:11,877 Peru. 3 00:00:11,912 --> 00:00:17,449 Towering, inhospitable peaks, that push the limits of the human body. 4 00:00:17,485 --> 00:00:20,886 But one lost civilization was notorious for their connection 5 00:00:20,921 --> 00:00:25,257 To this rarified air: The inca 6 00:00:25,292 --> 00:00:30,729 The largest, most expansive empire in the history of the americas. 7 00:00:30,765 --> 00:00:35,701 In just 100 years, the empire spread across south america, 8 00:00:35,736 --> 00:00:43,042 Building elaborate cities and temples, incorporating over 10 million people. 9 00:00:43,077 --> 00:00:45,778 But it disappeared in a matter of years, 10 00:00:45,813 --> 00:00:49,815 Leaving mysteries that have puzzled archeologists for decades. 11 00:00:51,986 --> 00:00:57,089 Now, a scientist is searching for one of their last missing temples, 12 00:00:57,124 --> 00:01:02,428 At a cold and isolated lake, high in the peruvian andes. 13 00:01:02,463 --> 00:01:06,665 These sacred waters will push him to the cutting edge of exploration. 14 00:01:25,052 --> 00:01:28,520 In southeast peru, a team of scientists are en route 15 00:01:28,556 --> 00:01:31,290 To a remote corner of the country, to conduct 16 00:01:31,325 --> 00:01:35,494 The first ever archaeological survey of lake sibinacocha. 17 00:01:39,066 --> 00:01:43,836 Leading the expedition is national geographic explorer, preston sowell, 18 00:01:43,871 --> 00:01:47,873 Who's been studying this exotic watershed for nearly twenty years. 19 00:01:49,376 --> 00:01:53,045 Preston: We're at our base camp elevation 16,000 feet. 20 00:01:58,419 --> 00:02:03,689 Narrator: Lake sibinacocha lies at the headwaters of the amazon river, 21 00:02:03,724 --> 00:02:09,862 Surrounded by enormous, glaciated peaks, and abundant wildlife. 22 00:02:09,897 --> 00:02:11,697 Preston: You never know what you're going to run into 23 00:02:11,732 --> 00:02:15,534 When you take people into the mountains here. 24 00:02:15,569 --> 00:02:17,836 Narrator: It's a difficult place to reach, 25 00:02:17,872 --> 00:02:20,739 Which has kept out all but the most intrepid scientists. 26 00:02:23,144 --> 00:02:27,513 They've departed from cusco, the capital city of the inca empire, 27 00:02:27,548 --> 00:02:30,048 Which is still a thriving hub to this day. 28 00:02:32,086 --> 00:02:37,556 From the 1430's, for nearly 100 years, the inca spread out from cusco 29 00:02:37,591 --> 00:02:40,592 They conquered the many existing ethnic groups that spanned 30 00:02:40,628 --> 00:02:43,895 From modern-day colombia to central chile, 31 00:02:43,898 --> 00:02:48,033 Incorporating their beliefs and temples into a cohesive empire. 32 00:02:49,737 --> 00:02:54,373 But their most important sites are found in the cusco region. 33 00:02:54,408 --> 00:02:58,377 Places like the ceremonial center of ollantaytambo; 34 00:02:58,412 --> 00:03:02,014 The spectacular ruins of sacsayhuaman; 35 00:03:02,049 --> 00:03:06,084 And machu picchu, the royal estate of an inca emperor, 36 00:03:06,120 --> 00:03:09,588 Perched atop a sacred mountain, with some of the most precise 37 00:03:09,623 --> 00:03:12,524 And astounding architecture found anywhere in the world. 38 00:03:15,863 --> 00:03:21,200 However, despite its relatively close proximity to cusco, lake sibinacocha, 39 00:03:21,235 --> 00:03:24,069 And its surrounding watershed, have remained largely 40 00:03:24,104 --> 00:03:26,738 Overlooked by archaeologists, 41 00:03:26,774 --> 00:03:30,108 With little known about its ties to the inca 42 00:03:30,144 --> 00:03:33,779 Leaving us to wonder: What secrets they might have hidden here. 43 00:03:36,984 --> 00:03:38,617 (greetings in spanish) 44 00:03:40,554 --> 00:03:44,122 Preston sowell has brought together a group of peruvian archeologists, 45 00:03:44,158 --> 00:03:47,759 To investigate the lake, and its watershed. 46 00:03:47,795 --> 00:03:51,797 They're joined by professional mountain climbers, and scuba divers, 47 00:03:51,832 --> 00:03:55,667 To navigate the difficult terrain, above and below the water. 48 00:03:55,703 --> 00:03:58,804 Preston: Vamos a sibinacocha! 49 00:03:58,839 --> 00:04:02,507 Narrator: This expedition marks the first time that trained archeologists 50 00:04:02,543 --> 00:04:04,910 Have visited here, where they will look 51 00:04:04,945 --> 00:04:07,980 For structures and artifacts from the past, 52 00:04:08,015 --> 00:04:12,517 Exploring the watershed's ridges, peaks, and shoreline, 53 00:04:12,553 --> 00:04:16,755 To try and learn what the area might have meant to the inca." 54 00:04:16,790 --> 00:04:20,559 To convince archeologists that we might have something special here, 55 00:04:20,594 --> 00:04:23,262 It's really the first step in protecting this place. 56 00:04:23,297 --> 00:04:25,297 Martin: Beautiful. Team: Woo! 57 00:04:27,401 --> 00:04:30,535 Narrator: Arriving at the lake, preston and the team could finally unlock 58 00:04:30,571 --> 00:04:33,372 The mysteries of this forgotten landscape. 59 00:04:41,548 --> 00:04:46,752 At home in boulder, colorado, preston works as an environmental consultant, 60 00:04:46,787 --> 00:04:49,321 Helping corporations and the us government 61 00:04:49,356 --> 00:04:53,725 Prevent and clean up environmental contamination. 62 00:04:53,761 --> 00:04:59,164 And for nearly 20 years, he's had his eye on the sibinacocha watershed, 63 00:04:59,199 --> 00:05:04,202 Where he's developed a deep appreciation for the landscape, its wildlife, 64 00:05:04,238 --> 00:05:06,938 And potential significance to the incas. 65 00:05:08,942 --> 00:05:12,277 Preston: I'm not an archaeologist, my goal is really to use this as a tool 66 00:05:12,313 --> 00:05:13,645 To protect this watershed. 67 00:05:17,818 --> 00:05:21,853 Narrator: It all started on an expedition in the early two thousands when preston 68 00:05:21,889 --> 00:05:27,292 Was studying an emerging frog disease that was decimating local populations, 69 00:05:27,328 --> 00:05:30,195 And he spotted a surprising species in the water. 70 00:05:31,699 --> 00:05:35,267 Preston: I lifted up a rock and a much larger frog took off. 71 00:05:35,302 --> 00:05:37,869 Narrator: To preston, it resembled the critically endangered 72 00:05:37,905 --> 00:05:41,807 Telmatobius culeus, or titicaca water frog, 73 00:05:41,842 --> 00:05:45,477 That was known to reside only in the lake titicaca watershed, 74 00:05:45,512 --> 00:05:50,282 More than 125 miles away. 75 00:05:50,317 --> 00:05:54,586 Titicaca was one of the most sacred places in the world for the inca, 76 00:05:54,621 --> 00:05:58,790 And if the frog was brought to sibinacocha for ceremonial purposes, 77 00:05:58,826 --> 00:06:02,227 It could indicate a sacred connection between the two lakes. 78 00:06:04,365 --> 00:06:06,565 Preston: It sort of became a thorn in my side. 79 00:06:06,600 --> 00:06:09,468 I spent three expeditions in the lake just trying to find this damn frog. 80 00:06:15,309 --> 00:06:17,409 Narrator: During his search for the elusive frog, 81 00:06:17,444 --> 00:06:21,913 Preston made an even more unexpected discovery. 82 00:06:21,949 --> 00:06:24,716 He noticed two strange artifacts in the water, 83 00:06:24,752 --> 00:06:30,021 Surrounded by algae and weeds: A ceramic pot 84 00:06:30,057 --> 00:06:35,394 And what appeared to be a long, zigzagging wall, built with golden yellow stones, 85 00:06:35,429 --> 00:06:38,497 That looked like a giant snake. 86 00:06:38,532 --> 00:06:42,300 He didn't know it yet, but these artifacts would go on to define 87 00:06:42,336 --> 00:06:44,536 The next 20 years of his life. 88 00:06:47,674 --> 00:06:52,577 He'd been pulled into a fantastic new world, rich with myths and legends, 89 00:06:52,613 --> 00:06:55,981 And began researching the many mysteries of the inca, 90 00:06:56,016 --> 00:06:58,517 Who left few historical records after they were 91 00:06:58,552 --> 00:07:03,488 Overthrown by spanish conquistadors. 92 00:07:03,524 --> 00:07:06,224 He looked into the inca's religious beliefs: 93 00:07:06,260 --> 00:07:09,761 That the landscape was alive with gods and spirits, 94 00:07:09,797 --> 00:07:13,098 And that unique alignments of geographical features, 95 00:07:13,133 --> 00:07:15,567 Such as the position of different mountains, rivers, 96 00:07:15,602 --> 00:07:17,736 And lakes, were considered sacred. 97 00:07:22,810 --> 00:07:27,245 And the thing that interested the inca most was the high altitude peaks, 98 00:07:27,281 --> 00:07:29,981 Where their most important gods resided. 99 00:07:32,486 --> 00:07:37,522 Next, preston learned that zigzag walls, like the one found at sibinacocha, 100 00:07:37,558 --> 00:07:41,593 Are actually quite rare in the andean cultural realm, 101 00:07:41,628 --> 00:07:45,030 And almost always discovered near an important place, 102 00:07:45,065 --> 00:07:49,868 Like a shrine or temple, often near bodies of water. 103 00:07:49,903 --> 00:07:53,472 In fact, some lakes were considered especially important, 104 00:07:53,507 --> 00:07:55,740 And were called "paquarinas, 105 00:07:55,776 --> 00:08:00,345 "which means "sacred place of origin" in the inca's language. 106 00:08:00,380 --> 00:08:03,081 Preston: They were not only where people were born from, 107 00:08:03,116 --> 00:08:07,319 But where their souls went when they died. 108 00:08:07,354 --> 00:08:11,323 Narrator: The inca believed that the whole world floated on a body of water, 109 00:08:11,358 --> 00:08:16,161 And each lake was an entry point into a spirit world beneath the surface. 110 00:08:17,931 --> 00:08:22,601 Could lake sibinacocha possibly be one of these paquarinas? 111 00:08:22,636 --> 00:08:27,539 Preston: At that moment I thought we were really on to something. 112 00:08:27,574 --> 00:08:32,210 Narrator: As he continued his research, preston found one name at every turn: 113 00:08:32,246 --> 00:08:35,347 World famous archeologist, anthropologist, 114 00:08:35,382 --> 00:08:38,783 And national geographic explorer, johan reinhard. 115 00:08:42,823 --> 00:08:47,192 Johan has spent much of his career locating the inca's most significant ceremonial 116 00:08:47,227 --> 00:08:52,530 Sites at some of the world's highest locations. 117 00:08:52,533 --> 00:08:55,901 Johan: Probably the biggest driving force in my own life 118 00:08:55,936 --> 00:09:00,505 Would be the attraction to mysteries, solving mysteries. 119 00:09:00,541 --> 00:09:02,941 Narrator: Johan developed an elite skillset, 120 00:09:02,976 --> 00:09:07,412 To help him explore the planet's most hard-to-reach locations, 121 00:09:07,447 --> 00:09:10,982 Becoming an expert in climbing, sky diving, and scuba diving. 122 00:09:14,855 --> 00:09:17,188 He used these skills in the highest mountain ranges 123 00:09:17,224 --> 00:09:21,660 Around the world, including peru. 124 00:09:21,695 --> 00:09:27,832 Preston: That dude has been everywhere; his shadow just covers the andes. 125 00:09:27,868 --> 00:09:32,003 Johan: One of the reasons the incas seem so mysterious to us is because we simply 126 00:09:32,039 --> 00:09:36,942 Don't have any written language before the spanish arrived. 127 00:09:36,977 --> 00:09:38,376 That creates a mystery. 128 00:09:49,723 --> 00:09:52,424 But their understanding was incomplete, 129 00:09:52,459 --> 00:09:55,026 Leaving johan to figure out for himself 130 00:09:55,062 --> 00:10:00,198 Why the incas were drawn to the highest places. 131 00:10:00,233 --> 00:10:05,203 Johan: These were altitudes where they thought the gods resided. 132 00:10:05,238 --> 00:10:08,173 Narrator: But these high areas were not always kind, 133 00:10:08,208 --> 00:10:11,242 Visiting biblical devastation upon the inca, 134 00:10:11,278 --> 00:10:15,280 Like earthquakes, long droughts, and torrential storms. 135 00:10:16,817 --> 00:10:19,884 So they would appeal to their mountain gods, for good will, 136 00:10:19,920 --> 00:10:24,389 Making offerings on the summits. 137 00:10:24,424 --> 00:10:29,094 To study these sacred mountains, johan reinhard made more than 200 ascents 138 00:10:29,129 --> 00:10:33,898 Above 17,000 feet, in five andean countries, 139 00:10:33,934 --> 00:10:38,136 Discovering more than 50 archeological sites. 140 00:10:39,740 --> 00:10:43,908 But in all of his expeditions, one site eluded him: 141 00:10:43,944 --> 00:10:50,315 The temple of ausangate, built to worship one of the inca's most sacred peaks 142 00:10:50,350 --> 00:10:57,155 21,000 feet above sea level, nearly 60 miles from cusco. 143 00:10:57,190 --> 00:11:02,761 Ausangate is also visible from lake sibinacocha, 10 miles to the east. 144 00:11:04,831 --> 00:11:09,134 According to the mythology, this temple was built in ancient times, 145 00:11:09,169 --> 00:11:13,905 Long before the inca empire, beside a large lake at the base of ausangate, 146 00:11:13,940 --> 00:11:16,541 By the people of the vilcanota valley. 147 00:11:17,978 --> 00:11:20,011 The incas conquered the valley, and the temple 148 00:11:20,047 --> 00:11:23,014 Remained one of the most important in the region. 149 00:11:23,050 --> 00:11:25,550 Johan: A great temple, that to this day nobody's found. 150 00:11:31,825 --> 00:11:35,593 Narrator: To better explore alpine lakes, johan helped pioneer the practice 151 00:11:35,629 --> 00:11:41,332 Of underwater archeology, and then brought it to the high mountains. 152 00:11:41,368 --> 00:11:45,470 Johan: Scuba diving, at altitude. 153 00:11:45,505 --> 00:11:48,640 Narrator: Johan reached submerged sites that were previously 154 00:11:48,675 --> 00:11:52,343 Beyond the limits of human exploration. 155 00:11:52,379 --> 00:11:56,548 But to this day, he has not found the lost temple of ausangate. 156 00:11:58,318 --> 00:12:00,985 Johan: Feels like unfinished business. 157 00:12:01,021 --> 00:12:06,124 Although I think preston's kind of got that terrain covered. 158 00:12:09,429 --> 00:12:14,032 Narrator: Preston begins to wonder if the lost temple could be at sibinacocha. 159 00:12:14,067 --> 00:12:17,435 So, he sets out to finish what johan had started. 160 00:12:18,872 --> 00:12:22,240 But first, he'll have to learn to scuba dive. 161 00:12:22,275 --> 00:12:26,077 Preston: I found a technical diver named george watson, who is a cave diver. 162 00:12:26,113 --> 00:12:29,380 When I told him about the project he jumped right in and agreed to train me. 163 00:12:33,920 --> 00:12:36,588 George: I have been diving since 1974 and I've done 164 00:12:36,623 --> 00:12:39,557 A good deal of high-altitude lake diving here in colorado. 165 00:12:41,361 --> 00:12:43,995 Narrator: Diving at altitude is especially dangerous, 166 00:12:44,030 --> 00:12:46,197 Because the thin air creates a greater difference 167 00:12:46,233 --> 00:12:51,236 Between the atmospheric pressure above and below the water. 168 00:12:51,271 --> 00:12:54,072 Without proper breathing mixtures and decompression, 169 00:12:54,107 --> 00:12:59,544 This can lead to crippling pain, paralysis, and death. 170 00:12:59,579 --> 00:13:03,114 Preston: It's all theoretical, the dive tables don't go that high, 171 00:13:03,150 --> 00:13:06,384 So nobody really knows what happens to you. 172 00:13:06,419 --> 00:13:09,654 George: Diving at 16,000 feet is pretty much unheard of, 173 00:13:09,689 --> 00:13:13,625 It's unique in the diving world. 174 00:13:13,660 --> 00:13:16,961 Narrator: Add that to the thermal challenge of staying warm in water 175 00:13:16,997 --> 00:13:21,800 Only a few degrees above freezing, and it becomes a very formidable undertaking. 176 00:13:23,670 --> 00:13:27,405 Johan: The truth is, you're working at those altitudes blind. 177 00:13:27,440 --> 00:13:29,607 Preston: Ah, this is such a bad idea. 178 00:13:32,546 --> 00:13:35,380 Johan: What preston's done is exactly what should be done. 179 00:13:35,415 --> 00:13:39,417 Taken a really more difficult and dangerous aspect of the research, 180 00:13:39,452 --> 00:13:42,287 Which is searching underwater as well. 181 00:13:42,322 --> 00:13:50,962 (music) 182 00:13:50,997 --> 00:13:52,564 Narrator: After months of training, 183 00:13:52,599 --> 00:13:56,100 Preston and george finally make it to sibinacoacha, 184 00:13:56,136 --> 00:14:00,505 Along with a team of world-class divers, to examine the artifacts, 185 00:14:00,540 --> 00:14:02,740 And explore deeper within the lake. 186 00:14:05,545 --> 00:14:08,079 But the expedition ends in tragedy, 187 00:14:08,114 --> 00:14:11,716 When a member of the team perishes during a world record dive. 188 00:14:14,955 --> 00:14:16,921 George: During the dive, something went terribly wrong. 189 00:14:22,162 --> 00:14:24,863 Narrator: George and his dive partner, geoff belter, 190 00:14:24,898 --> 00:14:28,800 Are suddenly out of air, and separated. 191 00:14:28,835 --> 00:14:32,537 George shoots to the surface in an uncontrolled ascent, 192 00:14:32,572 --> 00:14:37,842 Expecting to die from decompression sickness. 193 00:14:37,878 --> 00:14:42,313 His partner geoff never surfaces and can't be recovered. 194 00:14:45,051 --> 00:14:49,821 George survives, but his rapid ascent and failed decompression injure 195 00:14:49,856 --> 00:14:56,461 His spinal cord, leaving him paralyzed from the waist down for nine months. 196 00:14:56,496 --> 00:15:03,668 It would take three years of rehab to regain his strength. 197 00:15:03,703 --> 00:15:07,472 Preston: I had a rough couple years after that and understanding 198 00:15:07,507 --> 00:15:10,141 I had some responsibility in this man's death. 199 00:15:13,613 --> 00:15:17,382 Narrator: The memory has haunted preston ever since and given him a better 200 00:15:17,417 --> 00:15:21,920 Reason than ever to protect what is now his friend's final resting place. 201 00:15:35,936 --> 00:15:39,037 Narrator: A year after the accident, preston is back at the lake, 202 00:15:39,072 --> 00:15:44,008 To finally show his underwater discoveries to peruvian archeologists 203 00:15:44,044 --> 00:15:49,614 But this place carries a new weight for him now. 204 00:15:49,649 --> 00:15:50,815 Preston: Geoff's body is right there. 205 00:15:55,522 --> 00:15:58,523 I'm confident we won't have any more accidents but 206 00:15:58,558 --> 00:16:00,291 I don't know if I have ptsd or what, 207 00:16:00,327 --> 00:16:03,027 It's causing a little anxiety. 208 00:16:07,000 --> 00:16:09,400 Narrator: After dark, a local shaman performs 209 00:16:09,436 --> 00:16:13,805 A special ritual offering to the gods of the area. 210 00:16:13,840 --> 00:16:16,975 Arturo: It's called "despacho." this ritual will be like asking for 211 00:16:17,010 --> 00:16:20,778 Permission the pachamama, to mother earth, 212 00:16:20,814 --> 00:16:25,917 And the sacred mountains here around sibinacocha lake. 213 00:16:25,952 --> 00:16:31,189 Preston: An offering to the apus, to the local gods to help protect us 214 00:16:31,224 --> 00:16:36,594 As we work here and to show respect to geoff who lost his life here last year. 215 00:16:42,435 --> 00:16:47,472 Narrator: The people who live around sibinacocha have been here for generations, 216 00:16:47,507 --> 00:16:52,143 Living off of the land, and carrying on the inca's beliefs, 217 00:16:52,178 --> 00:16:56,814 Traditions, and language. 218 00:16:56,850 --> 00:17:00,385 Severino crispin has lived near sibinacocha his whole life. 219 00:17:04,591 --> 00:17:07,058 He's been the leader of this team of horse wranglers 220 00:17:07,093 --> 00:17:09,060 Since preston's first visit to peru. 221 00:17:27,180 --> 00:17:29,347 Narrator: Severino and the rest of the wranglers 222 00:17:29,382 --> 00:17:32,950 Still believe in the concept of sacred landscape. 223 00:17:32,986 --> 00:17:36,020 That the gods and spirits live within the land, 224 00:17:36,056 --> 00:17:40,658 Resting in boulders and other natural features called huacas. 225 00:17:40,693 --> 00:17:46,030 This gives preston and his team a direct link to their ancestral knowledge. 226 00:17:46,066 --> 00:17:47,765 Pedro: No, no, it is always here. 227 00:17:47,801 --> 00:17:51,402 Narrator: He tells preston about the legend of sibinacocha, 228 00:17:51,438 --> 00:17:53,838 And what happened here, hundreds of years ago. 229 00:17:59,212 --> 00:18:01,946 Narrator: According to the legend, there was once a large city 230 00:18:01,981 --> 00:18:04,682 On an island in the lake. 231 00:18:04,717 --> 00:18:07,885 One day, an old beggar showed up at a wedding, 232 00:18:07,921 --> 00:18:10,021 And called upon the lake to swallow the town. 233 00:18:17,530 --> 00:18:24,836 Preston: It really makes me wonder what's out there under the water. 234 00:18:24,871 --> 00:18:27,438 Narrator: The legend corresponds with a scientific theory 235 00:18:27,474 --> 00:18:30,141 For the lake that the water level rose, 236 00:18:30,176 --> 00:18:33,678 Sometime during the inca empire, due to a change in climate, 237 00:18:33,713 --> 00:18:36,147 Or natural disaster. 238 00:18:37,984 --> 00:18:41,319 This would have submerged the shoreline, including the artifacts that preston 239 00:18:41,354 --> 00:18:48,860 Discovered in the water, which he is finally ready to show to carlos ausejo, 240 00:18:48,895 --> 00:18:52,396 Who will be the first archeologist to examine them up close. 241 00:18:57,203 --> 00:19:00,338 Carlos: This is what I've been waiting for, 242 00:19:00,373 --> 00:19:05,610 Since the first time I talked to preston about it, it's pretty exciting. 243 00:19:05,645 --> 00:19:12,316 (music) 244 00:19:12,352 --> 00:19:15,553 Narrator: Under water, the pot appears intact, 245 00:19:15,588 --> 00:19:20,958 Perfectly preserved by the cold water, and protected from looters. 246 00:19:20,994 --> 00:19:26,764 Carlos also examines the golden, zig zagging, snake-like structure, 247 00:19:26,799 --> 00:19:31,102 And at this point, is well convinced of the site's significance 248 00:19:31,137 --> 00:19:33,371 And that the pot may have been left there 249 00:19:33,406 --> 00:19:36,641 As an offering, by inca or pre-inca people. 250 00:19:36,676 --> 00:19:39,877 Preston: Good job carlos. Narrator: But why? 251 00:19:39,913 --> 00:19:42,213 Preston: You could really see its shape. 252 00:19:50,557 --> 00:19:54,025 Narrator: The next step will be to recover the pot from the water, 253 00:19:54,060 --> 00:19:57,195 Carefully, and determine its origin, 254 00:19:57,230 --> 00:19:59,630 Carlos: Well we have a lot of work to do. 255 00:19:59,666 --> 00:20:02,200 Preston: We have some boxes to check before we can claim that it is the temple 256 00:20:02,235 --> 00:20:09,240 Of ausangate, but it fits with the legend and history of the site. 257 00:20:09,275 --> 00:20:13,711 Narrator: They'll need permits to recover the pot, so that will have to wait. 258 00:20:15,381 --> 00:20:18,349 In the meantime, they surround the pot with sandbags, 259 00:20:18,384 --> 00:20:20,718 To protect it until they can return. 260 00:20:22,121 --> 00:20:27,091 Preston: The thing that really terrifies me now is that we won't get this done in time. 261 00:20:27,126 --> 00:20:29,460 Narrator: Constantino aucca is a co-founder 262 00:20:29,495 --> 00:20:32,763 Of the association of andean ecosystems, 263 00:20:32,799 --> 00:20:37,368 And one of the first conservationists to visit sibinacocha. 264 00:20:37,403 --> 00:20:41,205 Constantino: The lake of sibinacocha is one of the most important 265 00:20:41,241 --> 00:20:44,175 Wetlands in the world. 266 00:20:46,813 --> 00:20:50,014 Narrator: Constantino is most concerned about mining, 267 00:20:50,049 --> 00:20:55,553 Which has been edging closer and closer to the watershed. 268 00:20:55,588 --> 00:21:02,260 Constantino: From patagonia to venezuela, all the andes, they are full of minerals. 269 00:21:02,295 --> 00:21:06,864 Narrator: This region is very high in gold, silver, copper, and lithium, 270 00:21:06,899 --> 00:21:10,534 But extracting these minerals would be devastating, 271 00:21:10,570 --> 00:21:14,438 Poisoning the vilcanota river, the inca's most sacred waterway, 272 00:21:14,474 --> 00:21:17,341 Which flows directly out of sibinacocha, 273 00:21:17,377 --> 00:21:20,911 Feeding millions of people, and wildlife, downstream. 274 00:21:22,615 --> 00:21:25,683 Constantino: The landscape is going to disappear. 275 00:21:25,718 --> 00:21:29,420 Narrator: Not only that, mining could destroy the cultural features 276 00:21:29,455 --> 00:21:33,891 And natural history of the area, before it has been properly studied. 277 00:21:37,130 --> 00:21:43,734 Preston: We have so much to lose if this place is destroyed, 278 00:21:43,770 --> 00:21:48,606 But peru has a law that will allow you to protect a cultural landscape. 279 00:21:48,641 --> 00:21:51,409 So we're sort of in a race with the mining companies now to try to prove 280 00:21:51,444 --> 00:21:53,844 That it is this sacred ceremonial site. 281 00:22:06,826 --> 00:22:09,427 Can return to sibinacoacha, 282 00:22:09,462 --> 00:22:12,396 He must get through his next assignment: 283 00:22:12,432 --> 00:22:17,034 To guide a scientific expedition to the far reaches of the inca empire, 284 00:22:17,070 --> 00:22:21,739 In the atacama desert of central chile the driest place on earth. 285 00:22:25,345 --> 00:22:31,082 Preston: Part of why I'm going is to try to understand this dedication to high places. 286 00:22:31,117 --> 00:22:33,884 I think will really help me understand what's going on at sibinacocha. 287 00:22:37,657 --> 00:22:39,757 Narrator: The atacama desert is the home of the highest 288 00:22:39,792 --> 00:22:42,159 Archeological site in the world, 289 00:22:42,195 --> 00:22:46,797 Created by the inca five hundred years ago. 290 00:22:46,833 --> 00:22:50,534 Priests trekked, on foot, from their capital in cusco, 291 00:22:50,570 --> 00:22:54,071 Almost 1,000 miles, to mt llullaillaco, 292 00:22:54,107 --> 00:22:56,140 Near the edge of their known world. 293 00:22:57,643 --> 00:23:01,379 They used their extensive road systems, through some of the harshest conditions 294 00:23:01,414 --> 00:23:04,682 On the planet, to climb this sacred peak, 295 00:23:04,717 --> 00:23:07,118 And perform a special ceremony on the summit. 296 00:23:11,357 --> 00:23:15,259 Hundreds of years later, johan reinhard traveled to llullaillaco, 297 00:23:15,294 --> 00:23:18,295 To excavate on the summit. 298 00:23:18,331 --> 00:23:20,598 His findings would become one of the most significant 299 00:23:20,633 --> 00:23:23,467 Archeological discoveries in history. 300 00:23:25,538 --> 00:23:28,773 Johan: We knew it was an important sight because there were ruins at the base 301 00:23:28,808 --> 00:23:32,176 And because there were ruins all the way to the top. 302 00:23:32,211 --> 00:23:33,644 You're not going to find that unless there had been 303 00:23:33,679 --> 00:23:36,147 Some kind of offerings made there. 304 00:23:37,850 --> 00:23:41,786 Narrator: The inca's climbing was far ahead of its time. 305 00:23:41,821 --> 00:23:45,089 They were the first to use modern mountaineering strategies, 306 00:23:45,124 --> 00:23:48,325 Establishing camps at key points along their routes, 307 00:23:48,361 --> 00:23:51,495 And braving the thin air to build ceremonial sites 308 00:23:51,531 --> 00:23:58,903 On more than 100 mountains above 17,000 feet the only society in history 309 00:23:58,938 --> 00:24:02,406 Known to make offerings at that altitude. 310 00:24:02,442 --> 00:24:07,745 In fact, no other culture in the world had reached those vertiginous heights, 311 00:24:07,780 --> 00:24:10,514 And after the inca, no one would reach the summit 312 00:24:10,550 --> 00:24:13,951 Of mt. Llullaillaco until the 1950's. 313 00:24:18,825 --> 00:24:22,893 Preston is here to guide a team of microbial biologists from the university 314 00:24:22,929 --> 00:24:28,399 Of colorado to their site halfway up the mountain. 315 00:24:28,434 --> 00:24:34,004 But he has a secondary motive: To follow in the footsteps of johan reinhard 316 00:24:34,040 --> 00:24:36,907 And increase his understanding of how the inca lived 317 00:24:36,943 --> 00:24:38,909 And died in the mountains. 318 00:24:44,951 --> 00:24:48,619 Preston and his team find life on the mountain challenging, 319 00:24:48,654 --> 00:24:52,456 Which makes the inca's accomplishments here that much harder to conceive. 320 00:24:54,494 --> 00:24:59,196 Preston: It's just hard to be here, much less work here. 321 00:24:59,232 --> 00:25:03,968 Narrator: At mt llullaillaco's altitude, towering over 20,000 feet, 322 00:25:04,003 --> 00:25:08,606 Altitude sickness can cause fluid to leak from blood vessels into the brain, 323 00:25:08,641 --> 00:25:13,277 Which can be totally debilitating, and even deadly. 324 00:25:13,312 --> 00:25:17,481 So what could have compelled the inca to make such an arduous pilgrimage? 325 00:25:21,387 --> 00:25:24,288 When they climbed this peak 500 years ago, 326 00:25:24,323 --> 00:25:28,192 They likely thought the effects of the altitude were symptoms of the mountain gods 327 00:25:28,227 --> 00:25:32,463 Expressing their influence, and climbed through the pain, 328 00:25:32,498 --> 00:25:37,535 To the very summit, where they performed their sacred ceremony of human sacrifice. 329 00:25:41,774 --> 00:25:46,210 In 1999, johan ascended the inca's path to the summit, 330 00:25:46,245 --> 00:25:49,780 And made an archeological discovery like no other in history. 331 00:25:52,552 --> 00:25:59,290 A ceremonial platform, ritual offerings, and three perfectly preserved mummies, 332 00:25:59,325 --> 00:26:04,995 Aged six, seven, and fifteen. 333 00:26:05,031 --> 00:26:07,665 The inca selected the children for their beauty, 334 00:26:07,700 --> 00:26:10,467 From all corners of the empire, 335 00:26:10,503 --> 00:26:16,240 Who accepted their sacrifice as a great honor, to go and live forever with the gods. 336 00:26:20,413 --> 00:26:24,715 Human sacrifices were sometimes executed by strangulation, 337 00:26:24,750 --> 00:26:29,720 A blow to the head, or as in this case, they were drugged and buried alive. 338 00:26:43,703 --> 00:26:45,603 It was a powerful moment for me. 339 00:26:45,638 --> 00:26:48,973 You have this feeling like you just snapped back in time. 340 00:26:49,008 --> 00:26:50,507 You could turn around and see an incan priest, 341 00:26:50,543 --> 00:26:52,242 You know it's that kind of feeling. 342 00:26:54,747 --> 00:26:57,615 Narrator: Although this practice seems horrific today, 343 00:26:57,650 --> 00:27:00,851 Human sacrifice was essential to the inca, 344 00:27:00,886 --> 00:27:03,621 And johan's discovery provided a major breakthrough 345 00:27:03,656 --> 00:27:06,657 In our understanding of their mountain worship, 346 00:27:06,692 --> 00:27:10,260 Adaptation to altitude, and inca genealogy. 347 00:27:16,235 --> 00:27:19,103 And even though preston did not reach the summit, 348 00:27:19,138 --> 00:27:23,040 He still felt the profound effects of mt llullaillaco's thin air, 349 00:27:23,075 --> 00:27:27,011 And gruesome history. 350 00:27:27,046 --> 00:27:30,681 Preston: I certainly came down with a better perspective 351 00:27:30,716 --> 00:27:36,453 On mountain worship and sort of a renewed respect for these people 352 00:27:36,489 --> 00:27:40,691 That saw these landscapes as sacred just reaffirmed 353 00:27:40,726 --> 00:27:43,093 What I already believed about sibinacocha. 354 00:27:47,633 --> 00:27:52,536 Narrator: Leaving mt llullaillaco, preston drives past a chilean copper mine, 355 00:27:52,571 --> 00:27:56,006 One of the largest in the world, which gives him an idea 356 00:27:56,042 --> 00:28:00,144 Of the environmental devastation caused by mineral extraction. 357 00:28:01,881 --> 00:28:03,414 Preston: This can't be allowed at sibinacocha, absolutely not. 358 00:28:18,497 --> 00:28:22,399 Narrator: Back in peru, preston has returned, 359 00:28:22,435 --> 00:28:24,568 To finally recover the ceramic pot, 360 00:28:24,603 --> 00:28:29,239 From the freezing water of lake sibinacocha. 361 00:28:29,275 --> 00:28:32,943 But that's not all, he's joined by george watson, 362 00:28:32,978 --> 00:28:36,547 Who spent the last three years rehabilitating his legs, 363 00:28:36,582 --> 00:28:41,852 So he could return to that fateful site, and help with the recovery. 364 00:28:41,887 --> 00:28:44,154 George: I've done an awful lot of rehab and a lot of training. 365 00:28:44,190 --> 00:28:47,491 With one goal in mind and that was coming back. 366 00:28:47,526 --> 00:28:50,327 Narrator: And this year, they aren't taking any chances. 367 00:28:50,362 --> 00:28:51,695 Preston: There are a few things I want to go over 368 00:28:51,731 --> 00:28:53,731 Just to get us started because we got 369 00:28:53,766 --> 00:28:57,367 Narrator: They've assembled a crack team of divers, to assist in the recovery. 370 00:28:57,403 --> 00:28:59,903 Preston: These guys have been my dive mentors 371 00:28:59,939 --> 00:29:03,407 Since I had to learn to dive to do the work up here. 372 00:29:03,442 --> 00:29:07,077 Narrator: The team also includes archeologist martín polo, 373 00:29:07,113 --> 00:29:10,748 And conservation specialist, alexandra gambetta, 374 00:29:10,783 --> 00:29:14,918 Who will manage the recovery of the pot once it is out of the water, 375 00:29:14,954 --> 00:29:20,724 And look for ceremonial offerings, which were often placed inside ceramic vessels. 376 00:29:20,760 --> 00:29:23,127 Alexandra: What is inside, we don't know. 377 00:29:23,162 --> 00:29:25,729 That's what we are going to find out. 378 00:29:35,608 --> 00:29:40,544 Narrator: On the hike in to sibinacocha, emotions are running high, 379 00:29:40,579 --> 00:29:41,578 Especially for george. 380 00:29:48,754 --> 00:29:50,587 Preston: You walked in. George: Yeah. 381 00:29:50,623 --> 00:29:52,956 Thanks for giving me the opportunity. 382 00:29:52,992 --> 00:29:57,294 Thanks for believing I could. It's beautiful. 383 00:29:57,329 --> 00:29:58,428 It's like I remember. 384 00:29:58,464 --> 00:30:10,474 (music) 385 00:30:10,509 --> 00:30:13,043 Narrator: The next morning, the dive team prepares their equipment 386 00:30:13,078 --> 00:30:15,746 For the pot recovery. 387 00:30:15,781 --> 00:30:18,415 They make a plan that involves each member of the team, 388 00:30:18,450 --> 00:30:20,918 To transfer the pot to a basket, 389 00:30:20,953 --> 00:30:24,588 And transport it with a lift bag, to the shore. 390 00:30:24,623 --> 00:30:30,160 And their work must be impeccable one mistake could cost them dearly 391 00:30:30,196 --> 00:30:33,163 And damage this one of a kind piece of history. 392 00:30:33,165 --> 00:30:43,207 (music) 393 00:30:43,209 --> 00:30:56,954 (music) 394 00:30:56,989 --> 00:31:01,358 Below the surface, george and preston think of their friend, geoff, 395 00:31:01,393 --> 00:31:03,927 Who cared so much about protecting this place. 396 00:31:03,963 --> 00:31:06,964 (music) 397 00:31:06,999 --> 00:31:10,033 First, preston leads the divers to the pot, 398 00:31:10,069 --> 00:31:13,470 And removes the sandbags they placed to protect it from weeds. 399 00:31:16,842 --> 00:31:21,144 Preston: To my relief the pot looked untouched, it was intact, 400 00:31:21,180 --> 00:31:24,014 And then the next team took over. 401 00:31:24,049 --> 00:31:26,350 Narrator: As they transfer the pot to the basket, 402 00:31:26,385 --> 00:31:28,919 Sediment from the lake bottom is disturbed, 403 00:31:28,954 --> 00:31:32,723 Preston: By that time visibility was almost zero. 404 00:31:32,758 --> 00:31:37,527 Narrator: But they are prepared for that. 405 00:31:37,563 --> 00:31:44,735 Momentarily blinded, george pulls out the lift bag, secures it to the basket, 406 00:31:44,770 --> 00:31:49,039 And just as planned, the pot floats off the lake bottom, 407 00:31:49,074 --> 00:31:52,843 Moving for the first time in hundreds of years. 408 00:31:52,878 --> 00:32:02,986 (music) 409 00:32:02,988 --> 00:32:22,539 (music) 410 00:32:22,574 --> 00:32:24,875 Alexandra: Wow. Felipe: Ah! 411 00:32:24,910 --> 00:32:26,910 Un photo, un photo! 412 00:32:31,717 --> 00:32:35,385 Preston: Been a long time coming. 413 00:32:35,421 --> 00:32:38,889 I learned how to dive just to go down and prove what that pot was, 414 00:32:38,924 --> 00:32:44,461 What this place was pretty profound feeling. 415 00:32:52,671 --> 00:32:58,608 Narrator: For george, it is an incredible catharsis, 416 00:32:58,644 --> 00:33:05,515 Coming full circle on the thing that brought him to this lake, years ago. 417 00:33:05,551 --> 00:33:11,021 And for preston, he can finally sleep, knowing that this important artifact 418 00:33:11,056 --> 00:33:13,123 Will get the attention it deserves. 419 00:33:16,562 --> 00:33:19,096 Preston: Need bigger tweezers. 420 00:33:19,131 --> 00:33:22,933 Narrator: Back at camp, examination of the pot begins immediately, 421 00:33:22,968 --> 00:33:26,770 To remove the sediments for analysis, clean the ceramic, 422 00:33:26,805 --> 00:33:30,007 And finally see what, if anything, is inside. 423 00:33:35,014 --> 00:33:37,614 Martin: This in peru is the first time we can recover 424 00:33:37,649 --> 00:33:44,187 An intact pot from a submerged area. 425 00:33:44,223 --> 00:33:46,156 Narrator: Digging out the sediment, alexandra feels 426 00:33:46,191 --> 00:33:48,358 Something solid within the pot. 427 00:33:48,394 --> 00:33:49,493 Alexandra: It feels like a stone or something. 428 00:33:53,365 --> 00:33:58,535 Narrator: Offerings could tell alexandra and martín why the pot was placed underwater. 429 00:33:58,570 --> 00:34:00,904 Alexandra: I've never seen something like this. 430 00:34:00,939 --> 00:34:06,209 Narrator: She unearths the pot's unusual contents: Three polished stones, 431 00:34:06,245 --> 00:34:09,246 Which martín believes are ceremonial. 432 00:34:09,281 --> 00:34:12,449 Martin: I'm guessing it's an offering to the lake. 433 00:34:12,484 --> 00:34:17,087 Alexandra: I've seen pots with leaves, organic material, 434 00:34:17,122 --> 00:34:24,261 Textiles, offerings, but never with three stones inside of the pot. 435 00:34:24,296 --> 00:34:26,396 It's fantastic. 436 00:34:29,768 --> 00:34:35,338 Narrator: Expert analysis reveals that the pot is 600 to a thousand years old, 437 00:34:35,374 --> 00:34:39,476 And archeologists believe that this vessel, and the stones inside, 438 00:34:39,511 --> 00:34:42,145 Were part of an offering, supporting the theory 439 00:34:42,181 --> 00:34:45,082 That this site did indeed have ceremonial significance. 440 00:34:50,289 --> 00:34:55,225 With the recovery complete, preston has one more goal to accomplish; 441 00:34:55,260 --> 00:34:59,296 So he moves the team around the lake, to the base of yayamari, 442 00:34:59,331 --> 00:35:02,232 The sacred mountain that looms over sibinacocha 443 00:35:02,267 --> 00:35:05,969 Like an ancient pyramid, to conduct a survey from the summit. 444 00:35:11,110 --> 00:35:15,212 Before long, a peculiar storm blows in, bringing snow, 445 00:35:15,247 --> 00:35:17,414 Hail, thunder, and lightning. 446 00:35:20,752 --> 00:35:24,454 Weather events were seen as acts of the gods by the inca; 447 00:35:24,490 --> 00:35:28,425 And thunder was how the mountains communicated with one another. 448 00:35:28,460 --> 00:35:31,595 Preston: You can see how vulnerable you feel up here in the mountains. 449 00:35:31,630 --> 00:35:37,267 And how profound lighting must have been if you didn't understand what that was, 450 00:35:37,302 --> 00:35:39,169 What was causing it. 451 00:35:39,204 --> 00:35:43,240 Narrator: It is an ominous welcome to their camp below yayamari. 452 00:35:58,290 --> 00:36:02,526 Preston: Our goal is to survey the landscape, and take a better look at how all the landscape 453 00:36:02,561 --> 00:36:06,630 Features might fit together. 454 00:36:06,665 --> 00:36:10,433 Narrator: As preston climbs, he starts to notice certain geographical features 455 00:36:10,469 --> 00:36:14,237 Aligning in ways he hadn't seen before. 456 00:36:14,273 --> 00:36:17,440 Alignments that were only now becoming clear to him, 457 00:36:17,476 --> 00:36:19,643 But must have been obvious to the inca. 458 00:36:25,317 --> 00:36:29,352 Preston: The juxtaposition of that landscape with mountains with celestial 459 00:36:29,388 --> 00:36:32,923 Bodies with the rising and setting of the moon and the sun and stars 460 00:36:32,958 --> 00:36:35,058 At certain times of the year. 461 00:36:35,093 --> 00:36:40,063 The glaciers, the lake and the rivers, it's all right there. 462 00:36:40,098 --> 00:36:43,433 Narrator: Suddenly, he realizes that perhaps the temple he'd been looking 463 00:36:43,468 --> 00:36:47,704 For all these years was there all along, 464 00:36:47,739 --> 00:36:51,641 Composed of the landscape that surrounds him. 465 00:36:51,677 --> 00:36:55,345 For preston, nothing could be more sacred. 466 00:37:01,987 --> 00:37:05,789 But the team has one more revelation waiting for them. 467 00:37:05,857 --> 00:37:09,292 Something tangible, that could tie everything together. 468 00:37:11,863 --> 00:37:15,065 During the descent of yayamari, they arrive at what looks like 469 00:37:15,100 --> 00:37:18,702 The ruins of a large complex. 470 00:37:18,737 --> 00:37:21,004 Martin: An inca structure. Preston: You think it's inca? 471 00:37:21,039 --> 00:37:27,310 Martin: Yeah, because there are four or five rectangular buildings around a patio, 472 00:37:27,346 --> 00:37:35,785 A central patio, and the buildings around it are often sacred places. 473 00:37:35,821 --> 00:37:39,289 Narrator: Martín describes how the inca would conduct ceremonies in plazas 474 00:37:39,324 --> 00:37:45,161 Like these, using the different rooms to prepare offerings for the gods. 475 00:37:45,197 --> 00:37:50,400 Martin: Maybe here were some stairs, just using your imagination, 476 00:37:50,435 --> 00:37:57,173 The rock kind of looks like it was shaped to be the same as yayamari. 477 00:37:57,209 --> 00:38:01,244 Narrator: Location was very important for the placement of ceremonial sites, 478 00:38:01,280 --> 00:38:07,317 And this new complex is directly below yayamari, with a direct view of ausangate, 479 00:38:07,319 --> 00:38:12,289 Making it an ideal place to worship the mountains. 480 00:38:12,324 --> 00:38:16,893 Boulder fields like this were often considered sacred on their own, 481 00:38:16,928 --> 00:38:22,265 And used as the groundwork for larger ceremonial centers, built into the landscape. 482 00:38:24,503 --> 00:38:28,405 Preston: It's just perfect for a site like that. 483 00:38:28,440 --> 00:38:29,639 Martin: This could be like a temple. 484 00:38:37,249 --> 00:38:41,985 Johan: It does look like there's a base of an inca complex near the lake. 485 00:38:42,020 --> 00:38:45,889 But whether it is the temple of auzangate, still seems unclear to me. 486 00:38:49,027 --> 00:38:51,428 Preston: Everyone wants to excavate there to gather 487 00:38:51,463 --> 00:38:54,531 More data on what that complex could be. 488 00:39:00,172 --> 00:39:02,172 Narrator: At the end of this expedition, 489 00:39:02,207 --> 00:39:06,743 Preston has fulfilled the dream he's had for so many years. 490 00:39:06,778 --> 00:39:09,746 But he's created some new ones. 491 00:39:09,781 --> 00:39:11,548 So his work, is not done. 492 00:39:14,486 --> 00:39:17,687 Preston: All of the effort just to bring this thing up. 493 00:39:17,723 --> 00:39:22,826 And the prices that we paid. 494 00:39:22,861 --> 00:39:26,262 I think it's another magic piece in the puzzle 495 00:39:26,298 --> 00:39:28,331 That's sibinacocha and that watershed. 496 00:39:31,303 --> 00:39:33,737 But we're not there yet. 497 00:39:33,772 --> 00:39:36,673 Mining companies could apply for new permits tomorrow. 498 00:39:51,356 --> 00:39:54,491 Narrator: Before long, preston returns, yet again, 499 00:39:54,526 --> 00:39:58,828 To help with the archeological excavation of the yayamari complex. 500 00:40:01,199 --> 00:40:05,835 The stakes for this expedition have never been higher, 501 00:40:05,871 --> 00:40:10,106 And for preston, it is somewhat bittersweet. 502 00:40:10,175 --> 00:40:14,110 He is finally passing the torch to archeologists who will take the lead 503 00:40:14,146 --> 00:40:18,281 In determining the past, and future, of sibinacocha. 504 00:40:21,820 --> 00:40:26,689 Six archaeologists from all over the world are lead by arturo rivera 505 00:40:26,725 --> 00:40:30,226 To the yayamari site and get to work immediately. 506 00:40:31,863 --> 00:40:35,732 Arturo: Each time we walk by we can find something new. 507 00:40:35,767 --> 00:40:38,635 Narrator: He is joined by his wife, sarah baitzel, 508 00:40:38,670 --> 00:40:41,771 A mortuary archeologist from germany. 509 00:40:41,807 --> 00:40:43,106 Sarah: It really gives you the sense of 510 00:40:43,141 --> 00:40:45,575 An archaeological disney land. 511 00:40:45,610 --> 00:40:48,478 This is a site where you can spend many many years, digging. 512 00:40:50,715 --> 00:40:53,082 Preston: Now we've got academic archaeologist involved 513 00:40:53,118 --> 00:40:55,718 That are best qualified to manage this thing going forward 514 00:41:01,793 --> 00:41:05,862 Narrator: They find signs of habitation by inca and pre-inca people, 515 00:41:05,897 --> 00:41:11,534 Who adapted dwellings and ceremonial structures to the landscape beneath yayamari, 516 00:41:11,603 --> 00:41:17,073 Including irrigation canals, and modification of sacred springs and boulders. 517 00:41:18,243 --> 00:41:20,410 Preston: These sites were placed in juxtaposition 518 00:41:20,445 --> 00:41:25,648 To the mountains and the natural features around them. 519 00:41:25,684 --> 00:41:31,087 Johan: That verifies to me that it was an important inca site. 520 00:41:31,122 --> 00:41:34,891 So there's no doubt, that the lake was considered sacred, 521 00:41:34,926 --> 00:41:37,861 Preston: I'm so excited right now. 522 00:41:37,896 --> 00:41:41,164 Sarah: This is a place that's sort of drawing people to it. 523 00:41:41,199 --> 00:41:43,266 The landscape is alive. 524 00:41:43,301 --> 00:41:46,536 Arturo: It's a place that has to be protected. 525 00:41:46,571 --> 00:41:49,906 It's part of our past as peruvians. 526 00:41:49,941 --> 00:41:53,042 Martin: It's our history. Our heritage. 527 00:41:59,084 --> 00:42:02,151 Narrator: With the archeology under way, preston is free to return 528 00:42:02,187 --> 00:42:07,657 To his study of the sibinacocha habitat. 529 00:42:07,692 --> 00:42:12,262 He treks around the lake, to retrieve camera traps which he hopes have captured 530 00:42:12,297 --> 00:42:15,932 Photographs of the endangered andean mountain cat. 531 00:42:18,670 --> 00:42:23,239 Preston: The andean mountain cat is the most endangered cat in the americas. 532 00:42:23,275 --> 00:42:26,676 Narrator: He finds historic photographs of the elusive cat, 533 00:42:26,711 --> 00:42:31,447 Proving, for the first time, that it lives in the watershed. 534 00:42:31,483 --> 00:42:36,052 Preston: That will act as an ambassador species for the ecosystem. 535 00:42:36,087 --> 00:42:39,956 And help us protect the area. 536 00:42:39,958 --> 00:42:41,858 Narrator: Preston knows better than anyone 537 00:42:41,893 --> 00:42:45,295 How much there is to protect at sibinacocha. 538 00:42:45,330 --> 00:42:52,268 The history, the wildlife, and the people that live here, and downstream. 539 00:42:52,304 --> 00:42:55,271 And now, with the archeological findings, 540 00:42:55,307 --> 00:42:58,141 Photographic proof of the andean mountain cat, 541 00:42:58,176 --> 00:43:01,678 And everything that is still left to discover, 542 00:43:01,713 --> 00:43:06,849 Lake sibinacocha is on the verge of being protected as a sacred landscape. 543 00:43:13,358 --> 00:43:17,060 Johan: I think what distinguishes sacred landscape from landscape 544 00:43:17,095 --> 00:43:22,899 Is that it's come alive for the people. 545 00:43:22,934 --> 00:43:25,201 Preston: I think it's so encouraging that an entire culture, 546 00:43:25,236 --> 00:43:27,737 An entire people can see the world that way and I think 547 00:43:27,772 --> 00:43:31,708 It gives me some optimism for the rest of the world. 548 00:43:36,481 --> 00:43:39,415 Narrator: And as for the lost temple of ausangate? 549 00:43:39,451 --> 00:43:42,218 They've got more work to do. 550 00:43:42,253 --> 00:43:44,120 Johan: You know, it's still left to be determined. 551 00:43:48,927 --> 00:43:53,696 Narrator: For now, preston's search at sibinacocha continues. 552 00:43:53,732 --> 00:43:58,034 And he may never know if this really is the lost temple. 553 00:43:58,069 --> 00:44:03,239 But if he can at least protect it for the future, anything is possible. 554 00:44:03,274 --> 00:44:13,316 (music) 555 00:44:13,318 --> 00:44:25,328 (music) 556 00:44:25,363 --> 00:44:26,029 Captioned by subtitlepro llc 63299

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