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-=Sync&Corrected by Misiek666=-
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-=Podnapisi.net=-
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Here's a scene that has long
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00:00:24,859 --> 00:00:27,326
Since ceased causing
any surprise.
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The womenfolk washing dishes
made of plastic.
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00:00:30,431 --> 00:00:33,198
Dishes that bounce
when they drop to the floor.
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Hard to realize it,
but it was only 10 years ago
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00:00:36,237 --> 00:00:39,171
That the first pound of
polystyrene plastic was sold
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00:00:43,044 --> 00:00:46,512
And the chemical age
is just dawning.
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00:00:49,450 --> 00:00:51,884
These few things, my friends,
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00:00:51,886 --> 00:00:55,421
Are only a hint of what american
industry holds in the future.
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00:01:01,328 --> 00:01:05,297
Yes, mylar's properties are
right in its molecules
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00:01:05,299 --> 00:01:10,436
And with them are coming new
and better things for us all.
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00:01:12,273 --> 00:01:16,141
Today will be a better day
for a lot of people
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00:01:16,143 --> 00:01:20,012
Simply because of a material
we call plastic.
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This industry is well positioned
to build on our accomplishments
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00:01:27,555 --> 00:01:31,490
To shape a sustainable
and prosperous future.
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00:01:33,961 --> 00:01:37,863
In summary, we believe
the best is yet to come.
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00:01:49,743 --> 00:01:52,744
Captions by vitac...
www.Vitac.Com
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Captions paid for by
discovery communications
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Carpenter:
I think, like many people,
I had noticed
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A real surge of attention
and interest
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00:02:03,324 --> 00:02:05,891
In the issue
of plastic pollution.
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00:02:23,978 --> 00:02:27,212
This sort of all came about from
conversations with activists
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00:02:27,214 --> 00:02:30,382
Who are working
on plastics issues.
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00:02:30,384 --> 00:02:32,217
Oftentimes what I do
is ask people
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00:02:32,219 --> 00:02:33,352
That are close to an issue,
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How they feel about
the media coverage.
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00:02:37,958 --> 00:02:39,658
And one thing I was
consistently hearing
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00:02:39,660 --> 00:02:42,828
Was that there was a gap
in coverage
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00:02:42,830 --> 00:02:45,664
When it came to
the front end of the story.
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00:02:45,666 --> 00:02:48,800
So there was a ton of attention
around the final stage
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00:02:48,802 --> 00:02:50,536
Of the plastics lifecycle
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00:02:50,538 --> 00:02:52,771
When it actually
becomes pollution,
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00:02:52,773 --> 00:02:55,040
But not as many people
were telling the story
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00:02:55,042 --> 00:02:57,309
About where plastic comes from.
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00:03:13,227 --> 00:03:16,161
You can never solve
the plastic waste crisis
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00:03:16,163 --> 00:03:19,198
Just by dealing with it
as a waste issue.
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00:03:19,200 --> 00:03:22,534
Who is making the plastics
in the first place and why?
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00:03:24,972 --> 00:03:28,173
Blair:
History of plastics began
over 30 million years ago
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00:03:28,175 --> 00:03:31,577
When intense heat,
natural chemical changes,
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00:03:31,579 --> 00:03:33,212
And tremendous pressures created
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00:03:33,214 --> 00:03:35,480
By the shifting
of the earth's crust
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00:03:35,482 --> 00:03:37,950
Formed the substance needed
to make plastic...
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00:03:37,952 --> 00:03:41,086
Petroleum.
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00:03:41,088 --> 00:03:45,891
Muffett: 99% of what goes
into plastics is fossil fuels,
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00:03:45,893 --> 00:03:49,027
And so unsurprisingly, the same
companies that make plastics
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00:03:49,029 --> 00:03:51,663
Are also the companies
that sell us fossil fuels...
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00:03:51,665 --> 00:03:57,636
Exxon, chevron, conoco phillips,
shell, and dow dupont,
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00:03:57,638 --> 00:04:00,239
Which in addition to being
a major chemicals company,
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00:04:00,241 --> 00:04:02,941
Is also a major player
in oil and gas.
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00:04:08,048 --> 00:04:11,283
Plastics were initially
a waste product.
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00:04:11,285 --> 00:04:13,252
The company could either pay
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00:04:13,254 --> 00:04:15,754
To dispose
of the leftovers responsibly
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00:04:15,756 --> 00:04:17,876
Or it could turn them
into a new product.
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00:04:19,793 --> 00:04:22,294
Miller:
Oil companies compete
with each other
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00:04:22,296 --> 00:04:25,230
In taking the petroleum
molecule apart
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00:04:25,232 --> 00:04:27,232
And rearranging it into...
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00:04:27,234 --> 00:04:28,934
Well, you name it...
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00:04:28,936 --> 00:04:36,041
Fabric's, toothbrushes, tires,
insecticides, cosmetics,
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00:04:36,043 --> 00:04:37,843
Weed killers,
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00:04:37,845 --> 00:04:42,414
A whole galaxy of things
to make a better life on earth.
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00:05:03,337 --> 00:05:06,405
Just as there are many kinds
of woods and metals,
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00:05:06,407 --> 00:05:10,309
So there are many
kinds of plastics.
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00:05:10,311 --> 00:05:12,711
This is plexiglass, too,
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00:05:12,713 --> 00:05:13,945
One of the most fascinating
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00:05:13,947 --> 00:05:16,615
And beautiful of the new
plastic materials
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00:05:16,617 --> 00:05:18,784
Created by chemical science,
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00:05:18,786 --> 00:05:22,287
Ready to bring new beauty
and comfort to your home
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00:05:22,289 --> 00:05:24,956
And add charm to
your peace-time living.
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00:05:29,530 --> 00:05:31,663
Mafira:
Plastic is a miracle material.
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00:05:31,665 --> 00:05:32,964
When it was created,
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00:05:32,966 --> 00:05:36,368
It was hailed as the
biggest invention of the time.
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00:05:39,006 --> 00:05:43,308
It's extremely durable.
It lasts very, very long.
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00:05:43,310 --> 00:05:44,910
And so the reality is that
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00:05:44,912 --> 00:05:49,381
Because plastic has
all these good qualities,
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It's extremely bad
for the environment.
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00:05:59,827 --> 00:06:01,593
I was a corporate lawyer
for six years,
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00:06:01,595 --> 00:06:03,795
And then I decided
to leave it to work on something
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00:06:03,797 --> 00:06:05,697
That I actually cared about
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00:06:05,699 --> 00:06:09,701
And where I actually had
a personal stake in the outcome.
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00:06:12,740 --> 00:06:15,374
15 years ago, I could
still go to a pristine beach
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00:06:15,376 --> 00:06:17,042
And collect seashells.
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00:06:17,044 --> 00:06:20,679
And it makes me sad to think
that some of the children
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00:06:20,681 --> 00:06:24,383
Born today,
and even my own daughter,
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00:06:24,385 --> 00:06:29,154
Won't have the memory
of a cleaner world.
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I just want her to be aware
of why her world
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Is the way it is
and that it could be better.
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I feel like I don't know
how to answer anymore
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When people say,
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00:06:52,279 --> 00:06:55,080
"why are you focusing on
plastic?
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00:06:55,082 --> 00:06:57,682
Why is plastic a problem?"
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I mean, I feel like I should
just take them here
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00:07:02,523 --> 00:07:03,922
And not say anything,
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00:07:03,924 --> 00:07:07,259
Just take them here
and then see what they think,
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00:07:07,261 --> 00:07:10,796
Whether they think plastic bags
are not a problem anymore.
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00:07:15,569 --> 00:07:19,871
I can still remember a time
when I was still a teenager
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00:07:19,873 --> 00:07:21,973
And this wasn't a problem,
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00:07:21,975 --> 00:07:25,644
So we're not talking
about decades.
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00:07:25,646 --> 00:07:28,747
We're talking about
maybe 10 to 15 years
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00:07:28,749 --> 00:07:32,184
Of this kind of lifestyle.
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00:07:35,456 --> 00:07:37,756
A lot of the single-use plastics
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00:07:37,758 --> 00:07:40,025
That end up
polluting our planet,
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00:07:40,027 --> 00:07:42,961
We only use them once
and they stay forever.
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00:07:42,963 --> 00:07:45,464
They're made of a material
that lasts forever.
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00:07:47,634 --> 00:07:50,302
They're not something
that we need
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00:07:50,304 --> 00:07:52,604
As an essential part
of our lives.
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00:07:54,975 --> 00:07:57,175
And yet, here we are,
stuck with it.
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00:08:01,014 --> 00:08:03,181
Russell:
Unfortunately, data are
coming back that plastics
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00:08:03,183 --> 00:08:05,851
Really are a significant
component of the waste
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00:08:05,853 --> 00:08:09,054
That enters the ocean,
so that's largely a matter
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00:08:09,056 --> 00:08:12,657
Of poorly or unmanaged
municipal solid waste.
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00:08:12,659 --> 00:08:14,326
In parts of the world,
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00:08:14,328 --> 00:08:19,064
Unlike here, where there is not
an infrastructure to gather
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00:08:19,066 --> 00:08:22,067
And appropriately dispose
of the waste.
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00:08:24,271 --> 00:08:29,107
I think what's most frustrating
is that the industries are out
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00:08:29,109 --> 00:08:32,143
There pushing the idea
that this is all
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00:08:32,145 --> 00:08:36,014
Because of bad management.
You know, that the waste is here
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00:08:36,016 --> 00:08:38,917
Because the government
isn't putting enough funding
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00:08:38,919 --> 00:08:41,186
Into proper waste management,
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00:08:41,188 --> 00:08:45,423
But they're distracting
from the truth,
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00:08:45,425 --> 00:08:48,493
Which is that there is no way
you can manage this waste.
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00:08:48,495 --> 00:08:50,529
It's not meant to be managed.
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00:08:53,200 --> 00:08:54,499
I think we should band together
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00:08:54,501 --> 00:08:57,702
And have a serious discussion
on a global scale
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00:08:57,704 --> 00:09:00,672
Because these companies
are operating on a global scale.
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00:09:27,034 --> 00:09:29,367
Sharma: The issue of waste
and plastic pollution,
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00:09:29,369 --> 00:09:33,772
It is about this deeply
embedded injustice
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00:09:33,774 --> 00:09:36,575
That really motivates me
to keep doing what I'm doing.
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00:09:42,215 --> 00:09:46,718
We are standing in ghazipur
d-block dairy farm
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00:09:46,720 --> 00:09:48,954
Next to the landfill,
which receives waste
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00:09:48,956 --> 00:09:52,190
From almost half of delhi.
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00:10:27,694 --> 00:10:30,328
Sharma: Plastic products
are only creating
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00:10:30,330 --> 00:10:33,331
A mountain of waste in india.
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00:10:45,879 --> 00:10:48,747
Reagan: Trash only becomes
trash after it
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00:10:48,749 --> 00:10:51,316
Has first served
a useful purpose.
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00:10:55,722 --> 00:10:57,088
The art of modern packaging
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00:10:57,090 --> 00:11:01,059
Has helped to make our outings
even more enjoyable.
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00:11:01,061 --> 00:11:03,328
But it is these
wonderful packages
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00:11:03,330 --> 00:11:05,096
Thoughtlessly discarded,
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00:11:05,098 --> 00:11:07,666
Which we carelessly
convert to litter.
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00:11:31,224 --> 00:11:32,857
Carpenter:
I think in a lot of discussions
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00:11:32,859 --> 00:11:34,526
Of various
environmental problems,
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00:11:34,528 --> 00:11:37,729
We put a lot of onus
on the consumer.
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00:11:37,731 --> 00:11:39,931
And that's an easy-to-digest
narrative,
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00:11:39,933 --> 00:11:41,893
Even though
it's very simplistic.
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00:11:42,769 --> 00:11:48,206
People start pollution.
People can stop it.
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00:11:48,208 --> 00:11:50,809
Carpenter: And I do think
that there is a place for that.
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00:11:50,811 --> 00:11:52,610
But I think that that often
has the effect
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00:11:52,612 --> 00:11:55,680
Of obscuring
the big structural issues
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00:11:55,682 --> 00:11:57,849
That are driving many of
these environmental problems
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00:11:57,851 --> 00:12:00,351
And the fact that the people
that are profiting
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00:12:00,353 --> 00:12:03,154
Off of creating
environmental issues
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00:12:03,156 --> 00:12:05,757
Are not being asked
to change their own behavior.
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00:12:32,085 --> 00:12:35,253
Grate:
On a personal level, I have
stopped using plastic bags
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00:12:35,255 --> 00:12:38,389
And plastic straws,
and that's a great thing,
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00:12:38,391 --> 00:12:42,227
But you realize
at the systematic level,
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00:12:42,229 --> 00:12:43,828
That doesn't change anything.
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00:12:50,570 --> 00:12:54,172
I grew up in an island
enjoying nature.
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00:12:54,174 --> 00:12:58,143
When I was in college,
I moved to manila to study.
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00:13:02,149 --> 00:13:05,316
The first thing that struck me
when I arrived here
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00:13:05,318 --> 00:13:08,520
Was the amount of waste
that's on the bay.
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00:13:12,626 --> 00:13:15,927
This is not what I want
for my island,
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00:13:15,929 --> 00:13:18,763
The place where I grew up,
and I know
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00:13:18,765 --> 00:13:22,066
If I don't do something,
that will happen.
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00:13:30,677 --> 00:13:33,178
Plastic pollution is really
a life and death issue
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00:13:33,180 --> 00:13:36,447
For most people, at least
in this part of the world.
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00:13:38,819 --> 00:13:40,385
Manila bay is like a cove,
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00:13:40,387 --> 00:13:43,955
And there's several provinces
located along that coastline,
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00:13:43,957 --> 00:13:47,559
So whatever the currents
bring in from outside,
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00:13:47,561 --> 00:13:52,063
They stay within that cove.
And whatever waste
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00:13:52,065 --> 00:13:56,167
Is deposited into the bay from
the rivers also stays there.
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00:14:00,440 --> 00:14:02,006
Every day, day in, day out,
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00:14:02,008 --> 00:14:04,342
This cleaning operations
going on.
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00:14:10,016 --> 00:14:11,649
It's unending.
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00:14:16,089 --> 00:14:19,390
You can do cleanups, and
the problem will not go away.
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00:14:22,095 --> 00:14:23,695
You have to look
at the root causes.
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00:14:23,697 --> 00:14:26,431
We can't be doing
cleanups all our lives.
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00:14:28,168 --> 00:14:29,767
This is not a solution.
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00:14:44,618 --> 00:14:46,317
We're a archipelagic country
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00:14:46,319 --> 00:14:50,421
And we depend on fish
and seafood for sustenance.
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00:14:50,423 --> 00:14:54,592
It is pretty much part of the
filipino lifestyle and culture.
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00:15:10,777 --> 00:15:12,243
60-40.
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00:15:30,563 --> 00:15:32,997
Hernandez;
the stuff we read about saying
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00:15:32,999 --> 00:15:36,935
There'll be more plastics in
the oceans than fish in 2050,
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00:15:36,937 --> 00:15:39,804
That's actually a reality
for most of these fishermen.
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00:15:42,742 --> 00:15:46,511
And a lot of this
is really unrecyclable plastics.
188
00:15:46,513 --> 00:15:49,447
A great percentage are really
multi-layer packaging.
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00:15:49,449 --> 00:15:52,116
The sachets that you find like
this one,
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00:15:52,118 --> 00:15:54,152
You cannot recycle this.
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00:15:54,154 --> 00:15:59,490
Nobody bothers to collect them,
that's why they end up here.
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00:16:06,733 --> 00:16:09,200
Who bears the burden
of this pollution?
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00:16:09,202 --> 00:16:11,803
You have the marginal
communities,
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00:16:11,805 --> 00:16:14,806
Coastal communities, the fishing
communities, and the people,
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00:16:14,808 --> 00:16:19,277
The citizens who are forced,
through their taxes,
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00:16:19,279 --> 00:16:21,846
Shoulder the plastic cleanup.
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00:16:25,285 --> 00:16:27,385
These companies
have been able to get away
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00:16:27,387 --> 00:16:29,354
With it for many years now.
199
00:16:51,544 --> 00:16:53,211
Bourque:
We got into recycling
200
00:16:53,213 --> 00:16:55,613
Because we thought
it was the right thing to do.
201
00:16:58,952 --> 00:17:01,586
Of course, it is
a disposal service.
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00:17:01,588 --> 00:17:05,523
At its core, it's taking stuff
that people don't want anymore
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00:17:05,525 --> 00:17:10,194
And trying to do something
better than landfill with it.
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00:17:10,196 --> 00:17:11,996
You can see the range of things
205
00:17:11,998 --> 00:17:14,065
That are coming out
of people's houses.
206
00:17:14,067 --> 00:17:15,867
10, 15 years ago,
207
00:17:15,869 --> 00:17:21,305
This would have had
a lot more aluminum,
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00:17:21,307 --> 00:17:23,207
A lot more glass.
209
00:17:23,209 --> 00:17:27,211
It's amazing how many things
have moved to plastic.
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00:17:58,878 --> 00:18:02,146
Mafira: People think plastic
can be recycled,
211
00:18:02,148 --> 00:18:07,051
But actually, most plastic
is very hard to recycle.
212
00:18:07,053 --> 00:18:10,555
So this is data from
the world economic forum.
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00:18:10,557 --> 00:18:14,892
It shows that 32%
of plastic packaging
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00:18:14,894 --> 00:18:17,495
Ends up littering
the environment,
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00:18:17,497 --> 00:18:22,667
40% is sitting
in a landfill somewhere,
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00:18:22,669 --> 00:18:27,371
14% is incinerated,
14% is recycled,
217
00:18:27,373 --> 00:18:30,808
But only 2%
is effectively recycled.
218
00:18:30,810 --> 00:18:34,245
Effectively recycled means that
it's recycled into something
219
00:18:34,247 --> 00:18:38,382
That's actually as useful
as what it was before.
220
00:18:38,384 --> 00:18:40,351
Most of it is down cycled,
221
00:18:40,353 --> 00:18:44,288
Meaning that it becomes
something worse.
222
00:18:44,290 --> 00:18:46,090
Unlike glass and metals,
223
00:18:46,092 --> 00:18:48,593
Plastics degrade
when they're recycled.
224
00:18:48,595 --> 00:18:51,562
Most recycled plastic
is only recycled
225
00:18:51,564 --> 00:18:54,365
Once before ending up
in landfills,
226
00:18:54,367 --> 00:18:57,001
Incinerators,
and the environment.
227
00:19:09,716 --> 00:19:12,016
Cities around us
had kind of caved
228
00:19:12,018 --> 00:19:16,587
To collect all plastics campaign
229
00:19:16,589 --> 00:19:19,557
Of the american chemistry
council.
230
00:19:19,559 --> 00:19:22,026
Plastics recycling
is pretty cool.
231
00:19:22,028 --> 00:19:24,929
And today, we're recycling more
and more.
232
00:19:24,931 --> 00:19:27,932
Recycling plastics is a fairly
simple process.
233
00:19:30,170 --> 00:19:35,373
In 2013, under significant
pressure from our city council,
234
00:19:35,375 --> 00:19:39,844
We began accepting non-bottle
mixed rigid plastic.
235
00:19:39,846 --> 00:19:42,480
So all the plastic containers...
Berry containers,
236
00:19:42,482 --> 00:19:46,384
Keg cups, plastic cold cups,
you know, from starbucks.
237
00:19:48,621 --> 00:19:50,888
Procter and gamble
wants us all to believe
238
00:19:50,890 --> 00:19:52,857
That all their packaged goods
239
00:19:52,859 --> 00:19:56,894
Are in totally environmentally
sound packaging.
240
00:19:56,896 --> 00:20:01,799
They want us all using
single-use packaged products
241
00:20:01,801 --> 00:20:04,535
So that we're just
on the supply chain.
242
00:20:07,974 --> 00:20:09,574
It's totally unfair
to the cities
243
00:20:09,576 --> 00:20:11,042
And the recyclers
on the back end
244
00:20:11,044 --> 00:20:14,011
Because then everyone says,
"oh, it's recyclable.
245
00:20:14,013 --> 00:20:17,715
You should collect it."
well, then what?
246
00:20:17,717 --> 00:20:21,219
We have to pay to sort it,
we have to pay to process it,
247
00:20:21,221 --> 00:20:23,354
And then we don't have
any markets for it.
248
00:20:25,425 --> 00:20:27,058
Once we said we would accept it
249
00:20:27,060 --> 00:20:30,328
And we would start sorting it
and packing it for export,
250
00:20:30,330 --> 00:20:32,096
It was just like
the floodgates were open.
251
00:20:32,098 --> 00:20:37,235
I mean, the tons went up
and up and up and up and up.
252
00:20:37,237 --> 00:20:38,703
Because china was buying it,
253
00:20:38,705 --> 00:20:40,738
There actually was a market
for that stuff,
254
00:20:40,740 --> 00:20:45,509
And even if we couldn't afford
to sort it out here,
255
00:20:45,511 --> 00:20:47,278
We could bail it up and ship it
256
00:20:47,280 --> 00:20:48,646
In a shipping container
over there
257
00:20:48,648 --> 00:20:50,748
And somebody over there
would sort it out.
258
00:20:59,592 --> 00:21:01,592
Morawski: The united states
was shipping over 50%
259
00:21:01,594 --> 00:21:03,127
Of its plastics to china.
260
00:21:03,129 --> 00:21:04,762
The situation was
very similar in europe.
261
00:21:04,764 --> 00:21:06,697
We were just shipping it
all to china.
262
00:21:06,699 --> 00:21:08,132
China will deal with it.
263
00:21:08,134 --> 00:21:10,468
And we built up
these big recycling programs
264
00:21:10,470 --> 00:21:12,236
And everything was
about recycle, recycle,
265
00:21:12,238 --> 00:21:15,439
Recycle, recycle
is the solution to everything
266
00:21:15,441 --> 00:21:17,241
Because we had china there.
267
00:21:17,243 --> 00:21:19,043
So china has just said,
"you know what?
268
00:21:19,045 --> 00:21:20,544
We're sick of being
a dumping ground
269
00:21:20,546 --> 00:21:23,214
And we don't want this stuff
introduced into our country."
270
00:21:35,662 --> 00:21:37,962
They're useless... plastics.
271
00:21:37,964 --> 00:21:41,065
Many of them
are single-use containers,
272
00:21:41,067 --> 00:21:43,968
Low value plastics, films.
273
00:21:43,970 --> 00:21:46,904
So in general,
we see this as a positive.
274
00:21:46,906 --> 00:21:52,343
This gives a chance to upgrade
our recycling industry.
275
00:21:52,345 --> 00:21:56,347
The chinese waste ban
has really been
276
00:21:56,349 --> 00:21:58,549
A shocking event for europe.
277
00:21:58,551 --> 00:22:02,219
People didn't know that
their recycled plastic
278
00:22:02,221 --> 00:22:04,588
Was actually being
shipped to china.
279
00:22:11,564 --> 00:22:13,464
The waste that used to be
shipped elsewhere
280
00:22:13,466 --> 00:22:17,168
Is now here for us to deal with
and we have to confront it,
281
00:22:17,170 --> 00:22:22,506
Because in europe, we really
have plastic waste piling up.
282
00:22:22,508 --> 00:22:24,742
Morawski: I see the china thing
as a reckoning
283
00:22:24,744 --> 00:22:27,178
Because it's all been
this false market
284
00:22:27,180 --> 00:22:30,481
Where we've just been
shipping stuff to china.
285
00:22:30,483 --> 00:22:34,151
Bourque: It starts backing up.
It's not getting exported,
286
00:22:34,153 --> 00:22:36,153
So what's going
to happen with it?
287
00:22:54,907 --> 00:23:01,512
When the ban happened in china,
businessmen went to thailand,
288
00:23:01,514 --> 00:23:03,447
Vietnam, or other countries.
289
00:23:08,221 --> 00:23:10,654
Bourque: A year ago,
china was taking 10 times
290
00:23:10,656 --> 00:23:12,857
The amount of plastic
they're taking today.
291
00:23:15,228 --> 00:23:18,362
And that is a massive
amount of plastic.
292
00:23:23,302 --> 00:23:25,569
So if you think we're just
going to take it from china
293
00:23:25,571 --> 00:23:30,007
And ship it to thailand
or indonesia or vietnam,
294
00:23:30,009 --> 00:23:34,478
They don't have that
kind of capacity today.
295
00:23:34,480 --> 00:23:36,514
So whatever
kind of infrastructure
296
00:23:36,516 --> 00:23:40,985
Is being developed
has got to be pretty ad hoc.
297
00:23:40,987 --> 00:23:43,120
You know, could range
from somebody's backyard
298
00:23:43,122 --> 00:23:49,794
To a partly covered warehouse,
and that is very concerning.
299
00:23:58,571 --> 00:24:04,275
From u.S.
It's texas.
300
00:24:04,277 --> 00:24:06,343
Yeah, it's from australia.
301
00:24:06,345 --> 00:24:11,449
It's from toronto.
Toronto.
302
00:24:14,454 --> 00:24:17,855
These are nestlé from u.K.
303
00:24:17,857 --> 00:24:21,425
Yeah, this one from oregon,
from oregon.
304
00:24:21,427 --> 00:24:27,364
From new zealand, dunkin' donut.
305
00:24:27,366 --> 00:24:30,968
Radok is unilever.
Teavana.
306
00:24:37,310 --> 00:24:41,679
What do you think somebody
is really going to do with this?
307
00:24:41,681 --> 00:24:48,919
It's all different colors.
It's got film and plastic.
308
00:24:48,921 --> 00:24:52,790
You got seven
different kinds of resin.
309
00:24:52,792 --> 00:24:58,596
This stuff's been printed on,
so there's ink in the plastic.
310
00:24:58,598 --> 00:25:03,834
You know what... what are you
really going to make with it?
311
00:25:03,836 --> 00:25:06,604
And they have to be able
to tell the difference
312
00:25:06,606 --> 00:25:12,943
Between this clear plastic
and this clear plastic,
313
00:25:12,945 --> 00:25:18,015
Which look the same to you
and me, but they're not.
314
00:25:18,017 --> 00:25:20,651
And so, how do they do that?
315
00:25:20,653 --> 00:25:25,589
They have special tests.
They can... they can hear it,
316
00:25:25,591 --> 00:25:29,360
Or they'll light it on fire
and smell the smoke.
317
00:25:29,362 --> 00:25:31,402
That's got to be good
for your health.
318
00:26:06,132 --> 00:26:07,598
Bourque:
When you sort this stuff out,
319
00:26:07,600 --> 00:26:11,235
The next thing then is to take
those sorted materials
320
00:26:11,237 --> 00:26:14,772
And chip it up into
a little quarter-size flake,
321
00:26:14,774 --> 00:26:17,508
Is what they call it,
and then wash it.
322
00:26:21,147 --> 00:26:23,447
Well, what's happening
with all that wash water?
323
00:26:23,449 --> 00:26:26,450
Is that just getting dumped into
somebody else's drinking water
324
00:26:26,452 --> 00:26:29,286
Or is it being dumped
into an estuary
325
00:26:29,288 --> 00:26:34,191
And polluting the estuary
with soaps and food and poisons?
326
00:26:39,298 --> 00:26:40,931
And what about
when you melt the plastic?
327
00:26:40,933 --> 00:26:43,500
Because the next thing you do
is you take that flake
328
00:26:43,502 --> 00:26:45,035
And you melt it down
329
00:26:45,037 --> 00:26:48,238
And extrude it out
into these long spaghetti chains
330
00:26:48,240 --> 00:26:52,109
And then you chop those up
into little pellets or nurdles.
331
00:26:54,447 --> 00:26:56,647
And when you melt it,
a lot of these plastics
332
00:26:56,649 --> 00:27:00,084
Release toxic volatile organic
compounds, vocs,
333
00:27:00,086 --> 00:27:02,453
That are not good to breathe.
334
00:27:05,791 --> 00:27:09,226
The problem is that there is
no place for this stuff to go.
335
00:29:25,698 --> 00:29:28,799
The most difficult part of waste
sorting is done
336
00:29:28,801 --> 00:29:30,901
By the waste picker who are
mostly women,
337
00:29:30,903 --> 00:29:32,436
Mostly marginalized.
338
00:29:32,438 --> 00:29:35,806
And they also get the least
benefit from the system.
339
00:29:37,543 --> 00:29:40,477
If they were not there,
the entire recycling pyramid
340
00:29:40,479 --> 00:29:42,513
Would have collapsed.
341
00:29:44,717 --> 00:29:47,284
If we go back 16, 17 years,
342
00:29:47,286 --> 00:29:50,087
There was not so much plastic
that was found.
343
00:29:50,089 --> 00:29:53,157
It was mostly metal,
iron, aluminum.
344
00:29:53,159 --> 00:29:55,058
Now they are doing
345
00:29:55,060 --> 00:29:59,263
83 kind of separation
within plastic itself.
346
00:30:46,212 --> 00:30:48,512
We had double digits
in asia pacific,
347
00:30:48,514 --> 00:30:51,114
We have double digits
in other parts of the world.
348
00:30:51,116 --> 00:30:53,317
But it's because you've got
a growing economy
349
00:30:53,319 --> 00:30:54,818
And you've got
a change in markets.
350
00:30:54,820 --> 00:30:57,855
People are moving
from fresh foods
351
00:30:57,857 --> 00:31:00,090
That are not processed
to packaged.
352
00:31:00,092 --> 00:31:04,127
Things like fast foods
packaged food, processed foods,
353
00:31:04,129 --> 00:31:09,333
These are new to india because
indians like to eat fresh food.
354
00:31:09,335 --> 00:31:12,703
India is a place where
people naturally reuse things,
355
00:31:12,705 --> 00:31:16,707
Nothing was torn away.
It is not a throwaway society
356
00:31:16,709 --> 00:31:20,377
Because it is not a consumerist
society to begin with.
357
00:31:20,379 --> 00:31:24,147
That sense of thrift,
that sense of carefulness,
358
00:31:24,149 --> 00:31:26,350
That respectful materials
is going away,
359
00:31:26,352 --> 00:31:28,051
And that's a terrible loss.
360
00:31:30,189 --> 00:31:31,321
We do need plastics,
361
00:31:31,323 --> 00:31:34,691
But plastics can be used
for high-tech things.
362
00:31:34,693 --> 00:31:37,327
Plastic holds the
promise of a better world
363
00:31:37,329 --> 00:31:41,064
From the ambulance
to the emergency room,
364
00:31:41,066 --> 00:31:43,166
Plastics make it possible.
365
00:31:45,070 --> 00:31:48,071
The industry likes to talk about
all the advanced products
366
00:31:48,073 --> 00:31:50,841
And lifesaving devices
the plastics contribute to,
367
00:31:50,843 --> 00:31:52,409
Which is true.
368
00:31:52,411 --> 00:31:54,678
From
heart valves to helmets,
369
00:31:54,680 --> 00:31:58,448
Can you think of one material
that does more?
370
00:31:58,450 --> 00:32:02,886
But what makes up the bulk
of demand for plastic right now
371
00:32:02,888 --> 00:32:04,554
Is packaging.
372
00:32:04,556 --> 00:32:06,723
Pieces of plastic
that will get used once
373
00:32:06,725 --> 00:32:08,892
And thrown away
and never used again,
374
00:32:08,894 --> 00:32:12,729
And in most cases,
never cleaned up.
375
00:32:12,731 --> 00:32:15,132
Shibu k n:
The fast-moving consumer
goods in india.
376
00:32:15,134 --> 00:32:18,402
Almost 100% are packed in
one-time use plastics.
377
00:32:18,404 --> 00:32:21,872
For example, one rupee sachet
for a shampoo,
378
00:32:21,874 --> 00:32:26,009
Or one rupee sachet with oil.
379
00:32:26,011 --> 00:32:29,313
They want them essentially
to capture
380
00:32:29,315 --> 00:32:31,815
The poor sectors of the market,
and to do that,
381
00:32:31,817 --> 00:32:34,584
They came up with sachets.
382
00:32:34,586 --> 00:32:37,354
Sachets are
multi-layers of materials...
383
00:32:37,356 --> 00:32:40,157
Plastic, aluminum,
or a bit of paper,
384
00:32:40,159 --> 00:32:43,260
It comes in small volume
for a single use
385
00:32:43,262 --> 00:32:45,529
And is meant to be disposed
right after.
386
00:32:46,765 --> 00:32:48,265
♪ Protects my clothes better ♪
387
00:32:48,267 --> 00:32:51,201
powerful bung will now
sell you downy ♪
388
00:32:51,203 --> 00:32:53,337
boom boom boom ♪
389
00:32:54,907 --> 00:32:58,008
The population pyramid
is so geared towards
390
00:32:58,010 --> 00:33:00,477
Consumerism in the future,
and that must be exciting.
391
00:33:00,479 --> 00:33:02,612
I just wondered
how high up the list
392
00:33:02,614 --> 00:33:04,948
Of emerging markets
africa is for you.
393
00:33:04,950 --> 00:33:06,383
It's very high up.
394
00:33:06,385 --> 00:33:10,053
It's one of our growth
opportunities in the future.
395
00:33:15,060 --> 00:33:18,195
Sharma: Our markets are just
flooded with this.
396
00:33:21,767 --> 00:33:25,802
We already had
an existing system,
397
00:33:25,804 --> 00:33:28,271
The previous traditional stores,
398
00:33:28,273 --> 00:33:32,075
They were a perfect example
of alternate delivery system.
399
00:33:32,077 --> 00:33:36,546
It's everything still unpacked.
400
00:33:36,548 --> 00:33:42,386
I remember bringing glass
to buy soy sauce or oil
401
00:33:42,388 --> 00:33:45,555
That we used for the day.
But now you have soy sauce,
402
00:33:45,557 --> 00:33:47,891
You have oil
that comes in pouches
403
00:33:47,893 --> 00:33:50,660
That are meant to be
thrown right after.
404
00:33:52,865 --> 00:33:54,598
Shibu k n:
When these global companies
came in,
405
00:33:54,600 --> 00:33:56,266
We were happy to see that.
406
00:33:56,268 --> 00:33:59,236
Okay, we are also getting
the same quality of life
407
00:33:59,238 --> 00:34:00,604
Enjoyed by the west.
408
00:34:00,606 --> 00:34:03,673
And now we realize
that there is a double standard.
409
00:34:16,688 --> 00:34:19,656
Alvarés: Working in this global
movement is allowing us
410
00:34:19,658 --> 00:34:21,658
To point out
the companies in europe,
411
00:34:21,660 --> 00:34:23,760
When they have
this green discord,
412
00:34:23,762 --> 00:34:28,098
And we can tell them this is
maybe what you're doing here,
413
00:34:28,100 --> 00:34:29,900
But this is not
what you're doing
414
00:34:29,902 --> 00:34:31,568
In other parts of the world.
415
00:34:31,570 --> 00:34:33,470
And if you want to be credible,
416
00:34:33,472 --> 00:34:36,673
You will have to align
your actions
417
00:34:36,675 --> 00:34:40,977
Everywhere with
what you're saying.
418
00:34:40,979 --> 00:34:43,680
So this is head and shoulders,
body ninja,
419
00:34:43,682 --> 00:34:45,949
It's multi-layered,
it's non-recyclable.
420
00:34:45,951 --> 00:34:49,553
And this is what we find
on the shelves in belgium
421
00:34:49,555 --> 00:34:50,821
And in most of europe.
422
00:34:50,823 --> 00:34:53,890
So the same product,
same brand, same company,
423
00:34:53,892 --> 00:34:56,860
Different format,
recyclable bottle.
424
00:34:56,862 --> 00:34:59,663
The producer has paid a fee
to cover
425
00:34:59,665 --> 00:35:02,132
Part of the waste collection
and waste management costs.
426
00:35:02,134 --> 00:35:05,335
While here, you have
absolutely nothing.
427
00:35:05,337 --> 00:35:06,903
It's not covered at all.
428
00:35:06,905 --> 00:35:08,805
So, yeah, in the very country
429
00:35:08,807 --> 00:35:11,675
Where they have to implement
waste management
430
00:35:11,677 --> 00:35:14,511
And waste collection system
and they need money
431
00:35:14,513 --> 00:35:16,980
And funding to build
these infrastructures,
432
00:35:16,982 --> 00:35:18,682
The producers are not
contributing
433
00:35:18,684 --> 00:35:21,017
To the end of life
of this product,
434
00:35:21,019 --> 00:35:25,288
While in europe applying
a double standard, they are.
435
00:35:25,290 --> 00:35:27,591
Ironically, asia has been
identified
436
00:35:27,593 --> 00:35:31,161
As a key source of the problem
of plastic pollution...
437
00:35:31,163 --> 00:35:32,762
The oceans...
438
00:35:32,764 --> 00:35:35,532
About 60% of plastic
in the ocean
439
00:35:35,534 --> 00:35:39,736
Comes from five countries
in southeast asia.
440
00:35:39,738 --> 00:35:42,172
Hernandez:
When in fact the decisions
are made in the boardrooms
441
00:35:42,174 --> 00:35:45,909
Of companies in the west.
442
00:35:45,911 --> 00:35:47,911
There's a real problem of blame
443
00:35:47,913 --> 00:35:50,247
When it comes
to plastic pollution.
444
00:35:50,249 --> 00:35:52,849
When you have companies
like unilever,
445
00:35:52,851 --> 00:35:54,451
Nestlé, and procter and gamble
446
00:35:54,453 --> 00:35:56,653
And all of these
other multinationals
447
00:35:56,655 --> 00:35:58,255
Going into these markets
448
00:35:58,257 --> 00:36:03,994
Aggressively marketing single
service products on populations
449
00:36:03,996 --> 00:36:06,196
That have no way
of dealing with it.
450
00:36:06,198 --> 00:36:08,198
Maybe just not so long ago,
451
00:36:08,200 --> 00:36:11,935
Everything was packaged
in natural products.
452
00:36:11,937 --> 00:36:14,004
Maybe they live on a tiny island
453
00:36:14,006 --> 00:36:17,307
That doesn't have a formalized
system of waste collection.
454
00:36:17,309 --> 00:36:19,876
And then you're saying
that they're at fault for this.
455
00:36:19,878 --> 00:36:21,244
And on top of that,
456
00:36:21,246 --> 00:36:26,550
We are shipping our waste
there to be treated.
457
00:36:26,552 --> 00:36:29,252
This is absolutely
a western problem
458
00:36:29,254 --> 00:36:32,322
That we have exported
to other parts of the world,
459
00:36:32,324 --> 00:36:34,991
And now we have the cheek to say
that they are the problem.
460
00:36:40,332 --> 00:36:42,599
Pampers?
461
00:36:42,601 --> 00:36:45,402
No washing, no mess,
you just use them once.
462
00:36:45,404 --> 00:36:47,871
Pampers,
procter and gamble discovery
463
00:36:47,873 --> 00:36:50,040
That makes
diapers old fashioned.
464
00:36:50,042 --> 00:36:52,609
Just follow the directions
and flush away.
465
00:38:12,257 --> 00:38:15,258
Carpenter:
One of the biggest questions
that we're facing is,
466
00:38:15,260 --> 00:38:19,996
"how do we get
out of the fossil fuel economy?"
467
00:38:19,998 --> 00:38:22,165
I've heard some criticism
468
00:38:22,167 --> 00:38:24,501
That the concern
about plastic pollution
469
00:38:24,503 --> 00:38:27,804
Is a distraction from the bigger
problem of climate change.
470
00:38:29,941 --> 00:38:31,274
But my conclusion
from doing this
471
00:38:31,276 --> 00:38:33,977
Reporting is it's all part
of the same problem.
472
00:38:42,454 --> 00:38:46,056
Presently, we've discovered
that the seven most produced
473
00:38:46,058 --> 00:38:50,160
And consumed types of plastic
produce greenhouse gases.
474
00:38:50,162 --> 00:38:53,330
As plastic degrades
in the environment,
475
00:38:53,332 --> 00:38:57,133
It would just be producing more
and more gases with time.
476
00:38:59,504 --> 00:39:01,938
Alvarés: We are really making
the connection
477
00:39:01,940 --> 00:39:03,707
Between the plastics issue
478
00:39:03,709 --> 00:39:06,276
And what's happening
with the climate movement
479
00:39:06,278 --> 00:39:10,380
Because all of their efforts
can be completely offset
480
00:39:10,382 --> 00:39:12,282
By the fact that the fossil fuel
481
00:39:12,284 --> 00:39:15,218
That we're not using anymore
for transport and energy
482
00:39:15,220 --> 00:39:17,053
Is now being used
to produce cheap plastics,
483
00:39:17,055 --> 00:39:18,855
And it's going to be burnt
and is going to release
484
00:39:18,857 --> 00:39:20,390
Co2 in the atmosphere.
485
00:39:22,627 --> 00:39:24,027
Simon:
If we don't do things right,
486
00:39:24,029 --> 00:39:27,130
All this plastic might end up
in incinerators.
487
00:39:27,132 --> 00:39:29,699
And that's something
we'll have to watch closely.
488
00:39:29,701 --> 00:39:31,301
It's a real danger.
489
00:39:44,816 --> 00:39:46,316
More and more community leaders,
490
00:39:46,318 --> 00:39:48,551
Entrepreneurs,
and people like you and me
491
00:39:48,553 --> 00:39:50,987
Are starting to think
about trash
492
00:39:50,989 --> 00:39:52,956
As a valuable energy resource.
493
00:39:52,958 --> 00:39:56,493
It's called energy recovery,
and simply put,
494
00:39:56,495 --> 00:40:00,697
It's the process that turns
solid waste into energy.
495
00:40:00,699 --> 00:40:04,834
Sounds good, maybe,
496
00:40:04,836 --> 00:40:09,272
But there's also
a lot of toxic crap in there
497
00:40:09,274 --> 00:40:11,040
That you don't want in your air.
498
00:40:30,429 --> 00:40:32,462
The first thing we do
when we get up is
499
00:40:32,464 --> 00:40:34,597
Look out of the window
to see how much smoke
500
00:40:34,599 --> 00:40:36,199
Is coming out of that plant.
501
00:40:36,201 --> 00:40:39,836
It's like living
next to a volcano, actually.
502
00:40:39,838 --> 00:40:41,371
You know, you never know.
503
00:40:41,373 --> 00:40:44,107
Sometimes large copious
amounts of smoke
504
00:40:44,109 --> 00:40:45,742
Come out of these two chimneys.
505
00:40:45,744 --> 00:40:49,579
They can be seen
for miles around.
506
00:40:49,581 --> 00:40:53,550
It burns 2,000 tons of
unsegregated waste per day.
507
00:40:53,552 --> 00:40:56,619
A large component of that
is just plastic.
508
00:41:00,392 --> 00:41:02,826
It's a cocktail of every kind
of dangerous thing
509
00:41:02,828 --> 00:41:04,194
That you can think of...
510
00:41:04,196 --> 00:41:10,767
Dioxins, furans, lead, cadmium,
mercury, all of that.
511
00:41:10,769 --> 00:41:13,470
They send samples of
the flash to a lab in london,
512
00:41:13,472 --> 00:41:18,208
They said, "please evacuate
immediately."
513
00:41:18,210 --> 00:41:19,843
That's what it said.
514
00:41:22,914 --> 00:41:26,049
Misra:
We have seen a lot of changes
since the incident at cayman.
515
00:41:26,051 --> 00:41:28,685
You find a lot of people
who never ever had
516
00:41:28,687 --> 00:41:30,620
Any respiratory problem,
517
00:41:30,622 --> 00:41:33,823
They are coming
with respiratory distress.
518
00:41:33,825 --> 00:41:35,959
Then there's severe dermatitis
519
00:41:35,961 --> 00:41:39,863
And a lot of skin rashes,
which were not there before.
520
00:41:39,865 --> 00:41:43,766
These dioxins cause infertility
and even long-term effects
521
00:41:43,768 --> 00:41:45,268
On our fetuses.
522
00:41:45,270 --> 00:41:47,737
They are hormone disrupters,
523
00:41:47,739 --> 00:41:51,107
And also, they are carcinogenic.
524
00:41:51,109 --> 00:41:53,390
And that is proven.
There's nothing to be proved.
525
00:41:54,813 --> 00:41:58,748
It started so gradually that
we did not notice the process.
526
00:41:58,750 --> 00:42:02,285
But now that we look back,
it's so clear.
527
00:42:02,287 --> 00:42:04,854
I grew up here,
so I have a lot of memories
528
00:42:04,856 --> 00:42:06,456
Attached to this place.
529
00:42:06,458 --> 00:42:09,459
Before I remember,
we used to play outside,
530
00:42:09,461 --> 00:42:12,629
And now, kids stopped
coming outside and playing.
531
00:42:12,631 --> 00:42:17,300
So that is how we were caged
inside our own homes.
532
00:42:17,302 --> 00:42:18,868
When I went to the doctor,
533
00:42:18,870 --> 00:42:20,937
He told me
it looks from your lungs
534
00:42:20,939 --> 00:42:24,107
That either you're a smoker
or you work in the mines.
535
00:42:26,278 --> 00:42:29,646
Devraj: The plant projects
itself as doing a great service
536
00:42:29,648 --> 00:42:32,315
To the community
by getting rid of their garbage,
537
00:42:32,317 --> 00:42:34,317
But this is
the wrong way to do it.
538
00:42:36,688 --> 00:42:38,454
The main thing
that this incinerator does
539
00:42:38,456 --> 00:42:42,158
Is it reduces the volume
of your garbage,
540
00:42:42,160 --> 00:42:45,328
So you're having
a mountain of garbage,
541
00:42:45,330 --> 00:42:47,997
You have a hillock of fly ash
and bottom ash,
542
00:42:47,999 --> 00:42:49,899
Which is very, very toxic.
543
00:42:52,571 --> 00:42:54,404
They don't want
the recycling to happen.
544
00:42:54,406 --> 00:42:56,506
They chase away
the waste pickers.
545
00:42:56,508 --> 00:43:00,310
They need that plastic,
so they burn everything else.
546
00:43:00,312 --> 00:43:02,712
Plastic burns
and burns very well
547
00:43:02,714 --> 00:43:05,315
Because it's
made of petrochemicals.
548
00:43:05,317 --> 00:43:06,883
They want you to
use more plastic
549
00:43:06,885 --> 00:43:08,952
Because that's
what is their fuel.
550
00:43:13,658 --> 00:43:18,361
It's basically our trash monster
that will just desperately eat
551
00:43:18,363 --> 00:43:20,196
As much plastic as it can,
552
00:43:20,198 --> 00:43:24,934
And not only will it be happy to
get non-recyclable packaging,
553
00:43:24,936 --> 00:43:28,338
But all the plastic that's going
for recycling currently
554
00:43:28,340 --> 00:43:31,874
Will essentially
be institutionally diverted,
555
00:43:31,876 --> 00:43:34,243
Even if it's at the cost
of the environment,
556
00:43:34,245 --> 00:43:37,647
Human development,
and economic inclusion.
557
00:43:44,022 --> 00:43:46,189
Carpenter:
Groups that have been fighting
local struggles
558
00:43:46,191 --> 00:43:51,194
Against particular segments
of the fossil fuel economy
559
00:43:51,196 --> 00:43:53,930
Are now linking together
in this much broader movement
560
00:43:53,932 --> 00:43:57,567
That looks at the whole chain
of damage
561
00:43:57,569 --> 00:44:02,505
From resource extraction
to waste incinerators.
562
00:44:02,507 --> 00:44:06,209
These disparate struggles
that seem unconnected...
563
00:44:06,211 --> 00:44:07,343
A neighborhood
in the philippines
564
00:44:07,345 --> 00:44:09,679
That's awash in plastic trash,
565
00:44:09,681 --> 00:44:16,719
A pipeline in pennsylvania,
a single refinery in texas...
566
00:44:16,721 --> 00:44:19,555
They're all part of this web
of plastics infrastructure
567
00:44:19,557 --> 00:44:22,458
That is all working together
to massively increase
568
00:44:22,460 --> 00:44:24,827
The amount of plastics
out in the world.
569
00:44:31,703 --> 00:44:34,303
Bourque:
Why is it that we're seeing
so much more plastics
570
00:44:34,305 --> 00:44:35,465
Entering the environment?
571
00:44:37,042 --> 00:44:39,308
I just wanna say
one word to you.
572
00:44:39,310 --> 00:44:42,278
Just one word...
573
00:44:42,280 --> 00:44:43,980
Fracking.
574
00:44:43,982 --> 00:44:47,750
It's making natural gas cheaper
than it's ever been.
575
00:44:47,752 --> 00:44:50,853
We're talking about double
digit gains in businesses
576
00:44:50,855 --> 00:44:53,723
That I didn't think had
even single-digit growth.
577
00:44:53,725 --> 00:44:55,258
How are you putting up
these numbers?
578
00:44:55,260 --> 00:44:57,193
Well, we have
a very focused team, jim.
579
00:44:57,195 --> 00:45:00,129
We also built a lot of assets
on the u.S. Gulf coast
580
00:45:00,131 --> 00:45:02,198
To take advantage of shale gas.
581
00:45:14,979 --> 00:45:18,581
Bush: The energy policy act of
2005, provides incentives
582
00:45:18,583 --> 00:45:23,086
For oil refineries
to expand their capacity.
583
00:45:23,088 --> 00:45:24,520
The bill includes tax incentives
584
00:45:24,522 --> 00:45:28,691
To encourage new construction
of natural gas pipelines.
585
00:45:28,693 --> 00:45:30,927
The united states,
north america sits on
586
00:45:30,929 --> 00:45:34,097
A very large
hydrocarbon resource base.
587
00:45:34,099 --> 00:45:37,667
When we see the fact that
we have low-priced natural gas,
588
00:45:37,669 --> 00:45:40,970
Which we think will be around
for a long time,
589
00:45:40,972 --> 00:45:43,673
That is leading to a flood
of new investments.
590
00:45:45,610 --> 00:45:48,311
If we have availability
of cheap fossil fuel,
591
00:45:48,313 --> 00:45:51,147
We're going to have availability
of dirty chemicals
592
00:45:51,149 --> 00:45:52,749
And of cheap plastics.
593
00:45:52,751 --> 00:45:55,585
Maximizing the value of all the
molecules
594
00:45:55,587 --> 00:45:56,853
From a barrel crude oil,
595
00:45:56,855 --> 00:45:58,721
That's been foundational
for how we've approached
596
00:45:58,723 --> 00:46:01,157
The chemical business
for decades.
597
00:46:02,494 --> 00:46:04,293
And this is where the show
598
00:46:04,295 --> 00:46:09,332
In the totals, you know, comes
from... comes from petrol,
599
00:46:09,334 --> 00:46:10,466
Oil and gas.
600
00:46:10,468 --> 00:46:14,137
- It's plastic.
- Is that a freaking straw?
601
00:46:14,139 --> 00:46:15,938
I'm so sorry, baby.
602
00:46:28,920 --> 00:46:31,854
Villa: Watt: I think people
don't necessarily think about
603
00:46:31,856 --> 00:46:37,727
What plastics are made of,
where plastics come from,
604
00:46:37,729 --> 00:46:40,863
Other than on the shelf of
like a grocery store
605
00:46:40,865 --> 00:46:42,832
Or some sort of a market.
606
00:46:42,834 --> 00:46:45,768
But the reality is that
the chemicals that are needed
607
00:46:45,770 --> 00:46:50,072
To create plastics
come from the shale formations
608
00:46:50,074 --> 00:46:53,843
From these oil
and gas pockets in the rock.
609
00:46:53,845 --> 00:46:56,045
You can't talk about one
without the other.
610
00:47:03,488 --> 00:47:04,987
In these oil and gas pockets,
611
00:47:04,989 --> 00:47:09,158
You also have chemicals
like benzene and toulene
612
00:47:09,160 --> 00:47:11,227
And ethyl benzene and xylene
613
00:47:11,229 --> 00:47:14,597
That are all extremely harmful
for your health.
614
00:47:17,035 --> 00:47:20,002
Plastics doesn't just
cause pollution in the ocean
615
00:47:20,004 --> 00:47:23,239
Or on the ground,
it's also causing pollution
616
00:47:23,241 --> 00:47:26,042
Where it's coming from
at the point of extraction.
617
00:47:35,687 --> 00:47:39,622
I work with community members
that are living 500 feet
618
00:47:39,624 --> 00:47:44,727
From a facility that's
the size of a football field.
619
00:47:44,729 --> 00:47:48,030
Now some of the residents
depend on medication
620
00:47:48,032 --> 00:47:51,968
To get through the day because
their headaches are so bad,
621
00:47:51,970 --> 00:47:54,303
Or they have chronic
respiratory issues
622
00:47:54,305 --> 00:47:56,105
And so they can't breathe.
623
00:47:58,243 --> 00:48:01,077
Their lives were
dramatically changed
624
00:48:01,079 --> 00:48:03,779
Over a period of five
or six years.
625
00:48:08,820 --> 00:48:10,786
Man: This is our dream home.
626
00:48:10,788 --> 00:48:13,256
We thought we were
coming into a great area
627
00:48:13,258 --> 00:48:16,058
To where we could
live out our years,
628
00:48:16,060 --> 00:48:19,462
And then this stuff
started turning up.
629
00:48:19,464 --> 00:48:20,696
You're not showing my face,
are you?
630
00:48:20,698 --> 00:48:23,165
- No.
- Okay.
631
00:48:26,738 --> 00:48:32,608
The pollution has gotten way
out of hand.
632
00:48:32,610 --> 00:48:34,610
Everybody has to drink
bottled water.
633
00:48:34,612 --> 00:48:37,146
There's a water well on my
place,
634
00:48:37,148 --> 00:48:38,581
We don't we don't drink the
water because
635
00:48:38,583 --> 00:48:40,703
We know damn well
we can't use that water.
636
00:48:42,353 --> 00:48:44,787
We don't know what's coming out
of that flare,
637
00:48:44,789 --> 00:48:46,689
And they won't tell us.
638
00:48:46,691 --> 00:48:49,125
You know, I think
that these oil companies are...
639
00:48:49,127 --> 00:48:51,047
They think
they're above the law.
640
00:48:55,533 --> 00:48:57,700
Carpenter:
When we talk about a community
like karnes county,
641
00:48:57,702 --> 00:49:02,104
We're talking about the effects
of extracting for the chemicals
642
00:49:02,106 --> 00:49:04,006
That we need to make plastics.
643
00:49:18,289 --> 00:49:21,424
Pompeo:
I spent a fair amount of time
in the oil and gas industry.
644
00:49:21,426 --> 00:49:25,294
My time as secretary of state
isn't that far removed
645
00:49:25,296 --> 00:49:27,630
From what I did
running that small company.
646
00:49:27,632 --> 00:49:30,166
New drilling technology
and greater energy output
647
00:49:30,168 --> 00:49:34,770
Are transforming american life
and lives all around the world.
648
00:49:34,772 --> 00:49:37,673
It took our shale producers
and risk takers
649
00:49:37,675 --> 00:49:40,309
And it took congress lifting
the oil export ban in 2015,
650
00:49:40,311 --> 00:49:41,777
Which I voted for.
651
00:49:41,779 --> 00:49:44,947
You should all see me
as I walk out and say thanks.
652
00:50:09,440 --> 00:50:11,474
Carpenter:
I think the piece of reporting
that surprised me
653
00:50:11,476 --> 00:50:14,377
The most for this story
was learning about
654
00:50:14,379 --> 00:50:15,745
The scale of what's planned
655
00:50:15,747 --> 00:50:19,582
For the upper ohio river valley,
so spanning pennsylvania,
656
00:50:19,584 --> 00:50:22,585
Ohio, west virginia.
657
00:50:22,587 --> 00:50:24,053
They're really talking about
658
00:50:24,055 --> 00:50:25,855
A brand new
petrochemical corridor,
659
00:50:25,857 --> 00:50:28,958
Which is unprecedented
in that area.
660
00:50:38,970 --> 00:50:43,205
Come here.
Get over here. Get over here.
661
00:50:43,207 --> 00:50:46,208
My name is elise gerhart.
I'm 31 years old.
662
00:50:46,210 --> 00:50:47,877
I live in huntington,
pennsylvania.
663
00:50:47,879 --> 00:50:50,346
I was born here, raised here.
664
00:50:53,785 --> 00:50:56,919
My mom called me
to tell me happy birthday.
665
00:50:56,921 --> 00:51:00,356
And then she informed me
that there was a company
666
00:51:00,358 --> 00:51:02,458
Who wanted to build a pipeline
667
00:51:02,460 --> 00:51:05,961
Through this property here
where I grew up.
668
00:51:08,132 --> 00:51:10,199
So the mariner east project,
669
00:51:10,201 --> 00:51:14,437
It's a project built
to transport natural gas liquids
670
00:51:14,439 --> 00:51:18,407
To an industrial complex
near philadelphia.
671
00:51:18,409 --> 00:51:20,342
Those would go from
the port there,
672
00:51:20,344 --> 00:51:22,211
All the way across the atlantic
673
00:51:22,213 --> 00:51:26,782
To a facility in scotland,
so that they can make plastic.
674
00:51:29,353 --> 00:51:32,354
The company puts out
all kinds of propaganda,
675
00:51:32,356 --> 00:51:35,224
Saying that the project
has something to do
676
00:51:35,226 --> 00:51:38,160
With american energy
independence,
677
00:51:38,162 --> 00:51:39,361
That it has to do with
678
00:51:39,363 --> 00:51:43,099
People heating their homes
during the winter.
679
00:51:43,101 --> 00:51:45,634
And none of that is true.
680
00:51:45,636 --> 00:51:50,239
America relies on energy.
We get it to you safely.
681
00:51:50,241 --> 00:51:52,608
We are sunoco pipeline.
682
00:51:54,612 --> 00:51:56,078
Elise:
It makes me really angry
683
00:51:56,080 --> 00:51:59,248
Because as soon as I started
doing research on this project,
684
00:51:59,250 --> 00:52:02,184
It was very clear
what the intent was.
685
00:52:02,186 --> 00:52:03,619
You know,
it's publicly available,
686
00:52:03,621 --> 00:52:08,991
And yet, we have these judges
saying that those companies
687
00:52:08,993 --> 00:52:14,263
Can take our property for their
own private use to make plastic.
688
00:52:21,139 --> 00:52:24,640
I've only been paying attention
to pipelines for a couple years
689
00:52:24,642 --> 00:52:27,409
And it seems to happen
every couple of months.
690
00:52:27,411 --> 00:52:29,612
There's like an enormous
pipeline explosion,
691
00:52:29,614 --> 00:52:31,580
Like a major incident.
692
00:52:38,556 --> 00:52:40,623
I mean, people's houses
burning down,
693
00:52:40,625 --> 00:52:43,125
People being severely injured
694
00:52:43,127 --> 00:52:45,327
A gas line
outside columbus, ohio,
695
00:52:45,329 --> 00:52:46,962
Explodes,
destroying two homes...
696
00:52:46,964 --> 00:52:48,264
Man: Did you see that explode?
697
00:52:48,266 --> 00:52:49,532
Breaking news...
698
00:52:49,534 --> 00:52:52,268
Firefighters are racing
to contain a deadly gas
699
00:52:52,270 --> 00:52:53,903
Explosion in kentucky.
700
00:52:53,905 --> 00:52:56,672
Flames spreading to homes,
forcing evacuations.
701
00:52:58,176 --> 00:53:00,409
Elise:
I don't know what it's going
to feel like to try
702
00:53:00,411 --> 00:53:05,948
And live here every day
knowing that a leak or explosion
703
00:53:05,950 --> 00:53:08,217
Could happen
at any time with no warning
704
00:53:08,219 --> 00:53:10,119
Because you can't see it,
you can't smell it,
705
00:53:10,121 --> 00:53:12,354
You don't know
until it's too late.
706
00:53:15,193 --> 00:53:17,459
Ellen sue:
If you look at the projected
blast zone area...
707
00:53:17,461 --> 00:53:19,028
And I have to laugh
708
00:53:19,030 --> 00:53:22,064
Because sunoco doesn't refer
to it as a blast zone area,
709
00:53:22,066 --> 00:53:27,203
It's a buffer area...
Is roughly 1,000 feet
710
00:53:27,205 --> 00:53:30,773
On either side of the pipeline.
711
00:53:30,775 --> 00:53:34,977
So from where the pipeline
is in relationship to our house,
712
00:53:34,979 --> 00:53:37,846
We're well within
the blast zone area.
713
00:53:44,989 --> 00:53:48,691
Elise: So myself and a couple
other people
714
00:53:48,693 --> 00:53:53,128
Climbed into some of the trees
and occupy them
715
00:53:53,130 --> 00:53:56,498
So that they couldn't
get them down.
716
00:53:56,500 --> 00:53:59,802
And we had lots of people
just start coming through
717
00:53:59,804 --> 00:54:01,904
Who wanted to help out.
718
00:54:03,908 --> 00:54:05,574
But they try
to intimidate people.
719
00:54:05,576 --> 00:54:07,409
I was followed to work.
720
00:54:07,411 --> 00:54:10,212
They flew drones up
around the house
721
00:54:10,214 --> 00:54:12,648
Just looking at everything.
722
00:54:14,885 --> 00:54:18,120
Energy transfer partners
paid someone to create
723
00:54:18,122 --> 00:54:21,890
This fake facebook page saying
that I was an eco terrorist
724
00:54:21,892 --> 00:54:26,595
Trying to bring violence
into my community
725
00:54:26,597 --> 00:54:30,165
And that I need to be stopped.
726
00:54:30,167 --> 00:54:32,568
They put my partner on there,
727
00:54:32,570 --> 00:54:35,037
They put friends
of ours on there.
728
00:54:35,039 --> 00:54:39,241
They put our vehicles on there,
posted our address.
729
00:54:39,243 --> 00:54:42,144
So I had people messaging us,
730
00:54:42,146 --> 00:54:46,849
Threatening to rape us,
to kill us.
731
00:54:46,851 --> 00:54:50,185
I'm not that strong that
that's not going to affect me.
732
00:54:52,823 --> 00:54:54,456
They've got endless resources.
733
00:54:54,458 --> 00:54:56,692
You know,
we have to live our lives,
734
00:54:56,694 --> 00:54:59,595
Like I had to go to work.
735
00:54:59,597 --> 00:55:03,766
So they came,
they cut down the trees.
736
00:55:07,338 --> 00:55:10,472
Even if you can talk to people
and explain to them
737
00:55:10,474 --> 00:55:12,975
That this isn't carrying home
heating fuel,
738
00:55:12,977 --> 00:55:15,844
It's not carrying gasoline
for your car.
739
00:55:15,846 --> 00:55:17,413
Then people start bringing
in these arguments
740
00:55:17,415 --> 00:55:19,782
About plastic
and about how plastic
741
00:55:19,784 --> 00:55:22,651
Is everywhere
in our everyday lives,
742
00:55:22,653 --> 00:55:25,554
So we must need it.
743
00:55:25,556 --> 00:55:27,523
I think people have a hard time
744
00:55:27,525 --> 00:55:31,527
Picturing what life would
be like without plastic,
745
00:55:31,529 --> 00:55:34,697
And that's where I think
more people are actually duped.
746
00:55:43,574 --> 00:55:46,208
Arellano:
Houston is the home of the
largest petrochemical complex
747
00:55:46,210 --> 00:55:48,777
In the nation.
748
00:55:48,779 --> 00:55:51,380
This is what
plastic smells like.
749
00:55:51,382 --> 00:55:53,649
This is what plastic feels like.
750
00:55:53,651 --> 00:55:58,821
This is what plastic
looks like from our end.
751
00:56:09,633 --> 00:56:14,737
Some of the daily emissions
include benzene, styrene,
752
00:56:14,739 --> 00:56:19,274
1,3-butadiene, hydrogen sulfide,
hydrogen cyanide.
753
00:56:21,545 --> 00:56:24,246
What we have tried
to put in place here is again,
754
00:56:24,248 --> 00:56:29,952
Is a model that will ensure
that epa prioritizes chemicals.
755
00:56:29,954 --> 00:56:32,388
Arellano:
Most of these chemicals
are not monitored
756
00:56:32,390 --> 00:56:33,789
And there are more chemicals
757
00:56:33,791 --> 00:56:38,394
That are delisted from epa's
watchlist than they are added.
758
00:56:41,098 --> 00:56:43,565
I want to thank
administrator curry
759
00:56:43,567 --> 00:56:45,134
From the epa,
760
00:56:45,136 --> 00:56:48,704
All the great folks who have
helped us to clear the way
761
00:56:48,706 --> 00:56:49,972
So that exxon mobil
762
00:56:49,974 --> 00:56:53,742
Can make this
multi-billion dollar investment.
763
00:56:55,279 --> 00:56:59,348
It's not uncommon to talk
to folks in the community
764
00:56:59,350 --> 00:57:03,786
And have multiple stories
of childhood leukemia,
765
00:57:03,788 --> 00:57:07,689
Brain cancer,
low birth weights, or sterility,
766
00:57:07,691 --> 00:57:09,825
Lack of motor skills,
developmental issues,
767
00:57:09,827 --> 00:57:12,361
Speech impediments.
768
00:57:12,363 --> 00:57:16,465
We have reduced our air
emissions at this site
769
00:57:16,467 --> 00:57:22,204
By about 50%.
I have never seen a project
770
00:57:22,206 --> 00:57:27,976
With a better economic
and environmental story.
771
00:57:27,978 --> 00:57:31,280
Arellano: Every time epa's
watchlist shrinks,
772
00:57:31,282 --> 00:57:33,415
Air quality gets better.
Why?
773
00:57:33,417 --> 00:57:35,451
Because it's not
being monitored.
774
00:57:50,701 --> 00:57:53,268
Both of my parents
are immigrants.
775
00:57:53,270 --> 00:57:57,372
They left mexico
to make our lives better.
776
00:57:57,374 --> 00:58:02,377
Their parents left
the rural parts of mexico
777
00:58:02,379 --> 00:58:07,916
To go into the cities
because life in rural mexico
778
00:58:07,918 --> 00:58:13,155
Was difficult because
oil companies were going in...
779
00:58:20,264 --> 00:58:22,364
That story isn't done.
780
00:58:22,366 --> 00:58:24,233
There's another family
that's living with that,
781
00:58:24,235 --> 00:58:27,402
And there's another family
that's living next to a refinery
782
00:58:27,404 --> 00:58:29,872
And there is another family
that's struggling.
783
00:58:38,015 --> 00:58:43,018
It takes outside organizations
to come in to inform residents
784
00:58:43,020 --> 00:58:46,355
About what they are living with
on a daily basis.
785
00:58:50,160 --> 00:58:54,696
So we are in the east end.
It is a cultural hub
786
00:58:54,698 --> 00:58:56,698
For everything mexican.
787
00:58:56,700 --> 00:58:59,568
You have the art,
you have the food.
788
00:58:59,570 --> 00:59:02,204
It's a place
brimming with culture.
789
00:59:02,206 --> 00:59:04,439
It's a beautiful place.
790
00:59:04,441 --> 00:59:07,175
And we are down the street
from a valero plant.
791
00:59:07,177 --> 00:59:12,447
That's what there is
a lot of here, a lot of plants.
792
00:59:12,449 --> 00:59:14,616
I think the farthest that
I've ever lived from a planet
793
00:59:14,618 --> 00:59:17,119
Has been 2 1/2 miles.
794
00:59:25,863 --> 00:59:29,431
My friends are having kids
and it's, hey, you know,
795
00:59:29,433 --> 00:59:34,403
So and so's kid has cancer,
so and so's kid has leukemia.
796
00:59:34,405 --> 00:59:37,439
And it's sad that
that's our new normal.
797
01:00:04,668 --> 01:00:08,036
I'm just going to start
running it through here.
798
01:00:08,038 --> 01:00:11,473
Okay, I'm bringing it in.
Just see what we got.
799
01:00:11,475 --> 01:00:15,510
Oh, god. Yeah. There's all kinds
of pellets.
800
01:00:15,512 --> 01:00:21,116
Diane, you want this?
- Yeah, we'll take a sample.
801
01:00:21,118 --> 01:00:25,287
We've found fish with pellets
in their gullets.
802
01:00:25,289 --> 01:00:28,457
We've had oystermen who say
they...
803
01:00:28,459 --> 01:00:30,359
When they're shucking open
an oyster,
804
01:00:30,361 --> 01:00:33,161
They're finding
pellets inside it.
805
01:00:37,167 --> 01:00:39,901
On the bay, you got
from formosa plastic,
806
01:00:39,903 --> 01:00:43,939
We got invisto,
we got bp, we got dupont,
807
01:00:43,941 --> 01:00:48,076
We've got dow chemical,
you add all of that up,
808
01:00:48,078 --> 01:00:52,280
Easily, you can get
50 million gallons
809
01:00:52,282 --> 01:00:58,120
A day of toxins
being discharged into estuaries.
810
01:01:02,326 --> 01:01:06,228
Hamrick:
I worked 25 years at the plant
as a supervisor,
811
01:01:06,230 --> 01:01:08,764
But I had to get out of there
812
01:01:08,766 --> 01:01:11,266
Because I got tired
of the bull crap, lying for 'em
813
01:01:11,268 --> 01:01:13,035
Because that's all you
do out there at that plant
814
01:01:13,037 --> 01:01:14,803
Is lie.
815
01:01:14,805 --> 01:01:17,939
And, you know,
nobody out there can speak.
816
01:01:17,941 --> 01:01:19,941
They'll fire you right
on the spot.
817
01:01:26,884 --> 01:01:31,053
Wilson: You can pull anything up
and find pellets.
818
01:01:31,055 --> 01:01:32,421
See all the pellets?
819
01:01:32,423 --> 01:01:35,524
It's covered in pellets.
820
01:01:35,526 --> 01:01:37,793
You look down there,
there's a harbor down there.
821
01:01:37,795 --> 01:01:39,428
There's no fish houses anymore.
822
01:01:39,430 --> 01:01:44,666
There's no shrimpers.
You gotta do something.
823
01:01:44,668 --> 01:01:49,271
So we just started sampling.
824
01:01:49,273 --> 01:01:52,040
And eventually,
we filed the suit.
825
01:01:55,679 --> 01:01:59,514
When I first started,
I had a helicopter land
826
01:01:59,516 --> 01:02:03,985
In my front yard,
shot and killed the dog.
827
01:02:03,987 --> 01:02:10,859
Shot at the house, and then
my shrimp boat was sabotaged.
828
01:02:10,861 --> 01:02:13,562
So, they did a few things.
829
01:02:24,441 --> 01:02:29,044
I don't think my story
is unique at all.
830
01:02:29,046 --> 01:02:33,715
I think there are thousands in
little rural communities
831
01:02:33,717 --> 01:02:35,684
Where the company has a heavy
hand,
832
01:02:35,686 --> 01:02:38,787
Especially along the gulf coast.
833
01:02:45,462 --> 01:02:47,696
Muffett: What's going on here
in houston highlights
834
01:02:47,698 --> 01:02:51,666
Not only the scale of the
problem, but its immediacy,
835
01:02:51,668 --> 01:02:54,035
The oil and gas industry,
836
01:02:54,037 --> 01:02:55,804
The american petroleum
institute,
837
01:02:55,806 --> 01:02:59,641
The american chemistry council,
they see the shale gas boom
838
01:02:59,643 --> 01:03:03,845
As a renaissance for plastics
and petrochemicals in the u.S.
839
01:03:03,847 --> 01:03:07,716
Exxonmobil estimates that
the global demand for chemicals
840
01:03:07,718 --> 01:03:10,919
Will double within
the next 20 years.
841
01:03:10,921 --> 01:03:14,890
That's more than the forecast
for energy and gdp growth
842
01:03:14,892 --> 01:03:17,159
Over the same period.
843
01:03:17,161 --> 01:03:19,161
They're doubling down
on plastics.
844
01:03:19,163 --> 01:03:21,763
I think they're worried
that we're going to stop burning
845
01:03:21,765 --> 01:03:24,432
So much fossil fuel.
846
01:03:24,434 --> 01:03:27,636
I hope that's their worry
and I hope they're right.
847
01:03:27,638 --> 01:03:31,506
But I think they see plastic
as a way to hedge their bet.
848
01:03:31,508 --> 01:03:34,810
Our expectation is
global fuel's demand growth
849
01:03:34,812 --> 01:03:36,978
Will actually start to decline,
850
01:03:36,980 --> 01:03:40,448
And so, where would you
anticipate additional growth
851
01:03:40,450 --> 01:03:42,784
In one place
is petrochemical market.
852
01:03:42,786 --> 01:03:45,020
Plastics and other
petrochemicals present
853
01:03:45,022 --> 01:03:48,056
An opportunity for these big
integrated oil majors
854
01:03:48,058 --> 01:03:50,525
To keep up demand.
855
01:03:50,527 --> 01:03:53,862
And so we're really seeing
this trend towards investment
856
01:03:53,864 --> 01:03:55,797
In the petrochemical space.
857
01:03:58,235 --> 01:03:59,534
During the course
of these meetings,
858
01:03:59,536 --> 01:04:02,971
President trump and members
of his cabinet agreed
859
01:04:02,973 --> 01:04:06,675
The u.S.-Saudi partnership
should be taken to new heights.
860
01:04:22,025 --> 01:04:24,593
Muffett:
The latest estimate from
the american chemistry council
861
01:04:24,595 --> 01:04:26,828
Is that $194 billion
862
01:04:26,830 --> 01:04:30,465
Will be invested in the u.S.
Into 325 new
863
01:04:30,467 --> 01:04:33,568
Or expanded facilities for
petrochemicals,
864
01:04:33,570 --> 01:04:35,203
Primarily for plastics
865
01:04:35,205 --> 01:04:39,674
Between now and 2025.
That's a remarkable expansion.
866
01:04:39,676 --> 01:04:42,544
We're already producing more
plastics in the united states
867
01:04:42,546 --> 01:04:43,879
Than we can use.
868
01:04:43,881 --> 01:04:46,848
So the question is,
"where is that plastic going?"
869
01:04:46,850 --> 01:04:49,551
It's flowing to asia.
It's flowing to europe.
870
01:04:49,553 --> 01:04:52,254
It's flowing into
every new product streams.
871
01:04:52,256 --> 01:04:54,389
This highlights
a really fundamental truth
872
01:04:54,391 --> 01:04:57,559
About the plastics crisis
and about plastics as a product.
873
01:04:57,561 --> 01:05:01,396
To a far greater extent
than in any other product chain,
874
01:05:01,398 --> 01:05:04,666
Plastics are driven
not by the demand for them,
875
01:05:04,668 --> 01:05:06,301
But by the supply.
876
01:05:09,473 --> 01:05:11,273
This is the story of plastics.
877
01:05:11,275 --> 01:05:14,309
It is fossil fuels
finding a new form
878
01:05:14,311 --> 01:05:16,978
And finding a new place
to flow through the economy.
879
01:05:20,984 --> 01:05:23,585
This is a crisis that is
accelerating literally
880
01:05:23,587 --> 01:05:26,421
By the day as we speak.
881
01:05:26,423 --> 01:05:28,223
Exxon opens a new plant here.
882
01:05:28,225 --> 01:05:30,191
Chevron builds
a new plant there.
883
01:05:30,193 --> 01:05:32,294
Total builds yet another.
884
01:05:39,703 --> 01:05:42,704
We're seeing the same thing
happened in the u.S. East coast,
885
01:05:42,706 --> 01:05:44,673
We're seeing the same thing
happen in europe,
886
01:05:44,675 --> 01:05:46,808
In the middle east, in china,
887
01:05:46,810 --> 01:05:49,811
This buildout is going on
and it's going on now.
888
01:05:56,019 --> 01:05:57,953
Once these plants are built,
889
01:05:57,955 --> 01:06:01,489
The debt to build them
will already have been incurred,
890
01:06:01,491 --> 01:06:05,493
And they will squeeze
every last ounce of plastic film
891
01:06:05,495 --> 01:06:08,697
And plastic packaging
out of those plants
892
01:06:08,699 --> 01:06:10,799
Until they crumble to dust.
893
01:06:26,683 --> 01:06:28,483
We're back with an alarming
new report
894
01:06:28,485 --> 01:06:29,951
That came out this past week
895
01:06:29,953 --> 01:06:31,619
On the state of the world's
oceans,
896
01:06:31,621 --> 01:06:35,023
Specifically the finding that
they contain far more plastic
897
01:06:35,025 --> 01:06:36,691
Than scientists had first
thought.
898
01:06:36,693 --> 01:06:39,995
Carpenter: The surge of
attention to plastic pollution
899
01:06:39,997 --> 01:06:42,197
Is pretty striking.
900
01:06:42,199 --> 01:06:43,798
Searching for a fish,
901
01:06:43,800 --> 01:06:47,035
But finding
an ocean of plastic trash,
902
01:06:47,037 --> 01:06:49,738
Woglom:
About 8 million metric tons
go into the ocean every year.
903
01:06:49,740 --> 01:06:52,440
That's the equivalent
of one city garbage truck
904
01:06:52,442 --> 01:06:54,409
Dumping a load of plastic
into the ocean
905
01:06:54,411 --> 01:06:56,778
Every minute of every day.
906
01:06:56,780 --> 01:06:59,581
Celebrities urging people
to give up using things
907
01:06:59,583 --> 01:07:01,750
Like plastic straws and cups.
908
01:07:01,752 --> 01:07:04,753
By 2050,
there will be more plastic waste
909
01:07:04,755 --> 01:07:06,955
In the world's oceans than fish.
910
01:07:06,957 --> 01:07:10,458
These pictures after its death
show the 80 plastic bags
911
01:07:10,460 --> 01:07:11,580
Found inside the whale.
912
01:07:16,600 --> 01:07:20,068
It's getting into the food
that we end up eating.
913
01:07:20,070 --> 01:07:23,071
The polyester fibers
that you take into your lungs,
914
01:07:23,073 --> 01:07:26,975
They're small enough to cross
the blood brain barrier.
915
01:07:26,977 --> 01:07:30,045
The five gyres,
giant swirling bodies of water
916
01:07:30,047 --> 01:07:32,514
Where plastic accumulates.
917
01:07:32,516 --> 01:07:34,315
When I mention plastic
to younger people,
918
01:07:34,317 --> 01:07:37,685
They say, "plastic
is that giant island
919
01:07:37,687 --> 01:07:40,955
That's the size of
antarctica in an ocean,
920
01:07:40,957 --> 01:07:43,425
And that's what plastic did,
it wrecked the environment."
921
01:07:43,427 --> 01:07:46,361
But the world is still going
toward plastic.
922
01:07:46,363 --> 01:07:48,797
We do have
a plastic waste problem.
923
01:07:48,799 --> 01:07:51,432
And at this point in time,
I've never seen the industry
924
01:07:51,434 --> 01:07:53,668
More aligned
about tackling that problem.
925
01:07:53,670 --> 01:07:54,903
We've been working...
926
01:07:54,905 --> 01:07:56,571
Mafira: They're mostly
making these statements
927
01:07:56,573 --> 01:07:58,840
That are quite normative.
928
01:07:58,842 --> 01:08:01,743
"we'll look into this.
We're committed."
929
01:08:06,683 --> 01:08:09,217
The covestro industry has
products and processes
930
01:08:09,219 --> 01:08:12,887
That can help address
these sustainability issues.
931
01:08:12,889 --> 01:08:14,823
We believe
in sustainable practices
932
01:08:14,825 --> 01:08:18,259
And sustainable business growth.
933
01:08:18,261 --> 01:08:23,364
Mafira:
But that hasn't translated into
what the step-by-step plan is.
934
01:08:26,169 --> 01:08:28,670
Graham van't hoff, who's
the executive vice president
935
01:08:28,672 --> 01:08:31,372
Of shell's chemical division
wrote...
936
01:08:35,545 --> 01:08:36,678
And then he adds...
937
01:08:42,953 --> 01:08:46,354
I can't speculate about
what the executives
938
01:08:46,356 --> 01:08:48,156
At petrochemical companies
actually believe,
939
01:08:48,158 --> 01:08:50,391
But it's certainly true that
in their communications
940
01:08:50,393 --> 01:08:54,462
And their actions,
most of them indicate that,
941
01:08:54,464 --> 01:08:56,931
While they
might generously offer
942
01:08:56,933 --> 01:08:59,134
To help
with the cleanup problem,
943
01:08:59,136 --> 01:09:01,469
There's nothing wrong
with the product
944
01:09:01,471 --> 01:09:04,239
Or with the companies
that are making the product.
945
01:09:04,241 --> 01:09:07,909
The fault lies with
the consumers and with countries
946
01:09:07,911 --> 01:09:11,746
That have inadequate
waste recycling infrastructure.
947
01:09:11,748 --> 01:09:14,015
I think everyone agrees
that plastic waste
948
01:09:14,017 --> 01:09:16,518
Does not belong in the ocean
or the environment.
949
01:09:16,520 --> 01:09:18,853
So I'm very happy
to announce today
950
01:09:18,855 --> 01:09:21,289
The formation of the
"alliance to end plastic waste."
951
01:09:21,291 --> 01:09:25,527
This can bring together
companies that make plastic
952
01:09:25,529 --> 01:09:28,730
And those that handle plastic
after the consumer use.
953
01:09:28,732 --> 01:09:31,533
We're ready to invest over
$1.5 billion
954
01:09:31,535 --> 01:09:32,901
To identify projects
955
01:09:32,903 --> 01:09:35,904
And fund projects to really
get at solving solutions.
956
01:09:37,407 --> 01:09:40,909
Carpenter:
I think if you look at some of
the industry-backed plans,
957
01:09:40,911 --> 01:09:43,044
The alliance
to end plastic waste,
958
01:09:43,046 --> 01:09:45,513
They want to put significant
investment into recycling
959
01:09:45,515 --> 01:09:47,949
And waste collection
infrastructure,
960
01:09:47,951 --> 01:09:50,952
And that's great
where it happens.
961
01:09:50,954 --> 01:09:53,354
But that's not going
to reach everywhere.
962
01:09:53,356 --> 01:09:55,924
It's definitely not
on the same scale
963
01:09:55,926 --> 01:09:58,493
Or even close to the scale
of the amount of plastic
964
01:09:58,495 --> 01:10:01,629
That is projected to be produced
in the coming decade
965
01:10:01,631 --> 01:10:04,165
Based upon all this new
investment in infrastructure.
966
01:10:24,854 --> 01:10:28,523
The metaphor I use in the piece
is it's like trying to bail out
967
01:10:28,525 --> 01:10:33,161
A bathtub with a teaspoon
while the tap is on full blast.
968
01:10:33,163 --> 01:10:35,997
And certainly we see that
this distraction
969
01:10:35,999 --> 01:10:37,999
Has been effective
in terms of media coverage.
970
01:10:38,001 --> 01:10:42,103
There is a lot of coverage
about cleanup.
971
01:10:42,105 --> 01:10:44,339
Whether it's the
big ocean cleanup
972
01:10:44,341 --> 01:10:46,641
That has a lot of big money
behind it
973
01:10:46,643 --> 01:10:48,309
Or whether it's smaller efforts,
974
01:10:48,311 --> 01:10:50,712
Whether it's industry
investments in cleanup,
975
01:10:50,714 --> 01:10:53,214
That definitely
has dominated the narrative.
976
01:10:55,518 --> 01:10:58,920
That famous quote, "the future
of plastic is in the trash can."
977
01:10:58,922 --> 01:11:04,125
It's no secret that the industry
has for decades understood
978
01:11:04,127 --> 01:11:05,860
That the way to profit more
979
01:11:05,862 --> 01:11:08,029
Is to get people
to use more plastic.
980
01:11:10,133 --> 01:11:12,634
Their incentive is to get us
to use more,
981
01:11:12,636 --> 01:11:14,802
And if we throw it away,
982
01:11:14,804 --> 01:11:17,138
That creates p.R. Problems
for them.
983
01:11:17,140 --> 01:11:18,940
But economically, it's great
984
01:11:18,942 --> 01:11:22,710
If we just keep using
single-use products.
985
01:11:28,151 --> 01:11:30,585
So, if we stop to pick up
everything on the way out there,
986
01:11:30,587 --> 01:11:32,820
We'd never make it out
past the jetty,
987
01:11:32,822 --> 01:11:36,524
So we have to leave
some things by the wayside.
988
01:11:40,263 --> 01:11:43,965
I'm captain of the oceanographic
research vessel alguita
989
01:11:43,967 --> 01:11:51,172
And founder of alguita
marine research and education.
990
01:11:51,174 --> 01:11:54,976
I'm known for working well
off shore of the coastal ocean
991
01:11:54,978 --> 01:11:58,680
In what are known
as the oceanic gyres.
992
01:12:02,719 --> 01:12:05,953
In 1997, I decided
to take a shortcut
993
01:12:05,955 --> 01:12:09,490
And cut across
this vast expanse,
994
01:12:09,492 --> 01:12:14,362
Which was basically
a thousand miles in diameter.
995
01:12:14,364 --> 01:12:17,765
And I couldn't come on deck
without seeing a single piece
996
01:12:17,767 --> 01:12:20,068
Of plastic float by
within five minutes.
997
01:12:25,642 --> 01:12:28,476
It's proliferated so fast,
within 20 years
998
01:12:28,478 --> 01:12:31,179
From my time of discovering it
until today,
999
01:12:31,181 --> 01:12:36,984
I feel I underestimated
the actual danger.
1000
01:12:36,986 --> 01:12:38,853
And the "aha" moment
was the first time
1001
01:12:38,855 --> 01:12:42,256
We threw that trawl
in the ocean and pulled it in.
1002
01:12:42,258 --> 01:12:44,225
It was full
of plastic fragments.
1003
01:12:44,227 --> 01:12:46,461
That's what blew my mind,
when we realized
1004
01:12:46,463 --> 01:12:48,930
No matter where you're gonna
throw that net and out here,
1005
01:12:48,932 --> 01:12:52,567
You're going to find that stuff.
1006
01:12:52,569 --> 01:12:55,269
So, we just pulled in the trawl.
1007
01:12:55,271 --> 01:12:57,238
This is all plastic
that we caught
1008
01:12:57,240 --> 01:13:01,809
At the surface of the ocean.
1009
01:13:01,811 --> 01:13:03,611
Wow. That's a lot.
1010
01:13:03,613 --> 01:13:04,712
You'll see the nurdles,
1011
01:13:04,714 --> 01:13:07,081
Which are the preproduction
resin pellets
1012
01:13:07,083 --> 01:13:09,450
For majority of all of
our plastics we've ever owned.
1013
01:13:09,452 --> 01:13:12,186
It started out as the nurdles.
1014
01:13:12,188 --> 01:13:15,323
Look at that separation
between the plastic layer.
1015
01:13:15,325 --> 01:13:18,960
Look how many different layers
there are of materials there.
1016
01:13:18,962 --> 01:13:22,130
See how the plastic
separating from that foil.
1017
01:13:22,132 --> 01:13:25,333
So, how easy do you think it is
for the recyclers to do that?
1018
01:13:34,544 --> 01:13:41,916
Oh, we love our sachets.
1019
01:13:41,918 --> 01:13:44,118
Just about anywhere
you look now,
1020
01:13:44,120 --> 01:13:46,287
You can find plastic
if you look,
1021
01:13:46,289 --> 01:13:49,157
Especially,
at the nano scale materials,
1022
01:13:49,159 --> 01:13:55,029
Which are now beginning to enter
into the web of life itself.
1023
01:14:15,952 --> 01:14:20,321
Ballent: When you realize
how widespread this issue is
1024
01:14:20,323 --> 01:14:23,825
And how small the particles are,
you realize that cleanup
1025
01:14:23,827 --> 01:14:27,462
Is really just a great way
to see how bad the problem is.
1026
01:14:27,464 --> 01:14:30,498
We cannot rely on it
as a solution.
1027
01:14:40,710 --> 01:14:45,012
Grate: There are solutions
that have been proven to work.
1028
01:14:45,014 --> 01:14:48,516
There are cities
working towards zero waste.
1029
01:15:08,705 --> 01:15:13,608
My vision for the future is
all cities are going zero waste,
1030
01:15:13,610 --> 01:15:16,444
And that means
that all that we use,
1031
01:15:16,446 --> 01:15:20,681
All that they produce, can
either be composed or recycled,
1032
01:15:20,683 --> 01:15:25,086
And all cities have the capacity
to manage these composed
1033
01:15:25,088 --> 01:15:27,822
Of all of these recyclables.
1034
01:15:27,824 --> 01:15:30,691
Currently,
we still have residual waste.
1035
01:15:30,693 --> 01:15:32,860
These are products or packaging
1036
01:15:32,862 --> 01:15:35,863
That can neither be composed
nor recycled.
1037
01:15:35,865 --> 01:15:37,598
But the beauty of
a zero-waste program
1038
01:15:37,600 --> 01:15:40,868
Is that we are not hiding
these products.
1039
01:15:48,978 --> 01:15:53,481
If you are collecting resources
and not waste,
1040
01:15:53,483 --> 01:15:55,383
It's not expensive.
1041
01:16:00,723 --> 01:16:05,126
One example is san fernando city
in the philippines.
1042
01:16:05,128 --> 01:16:06,894
Without the zero-waste program,
1043
01:16:06,896 --> 01:16:12,066
San fernando would be spending
70 million pesos per year
1044
01:16:12,068 --> 01:16:15,803
Just to collect their waste
and dump it in a landfill.
1045
01:16:15,805 --> 01:16:17,572
With the zero-waste program.
1046
01:16:17,574 --> 01:16:20,808
They were able to reduce it
to 12 million.
1047
01:16:20,810 --> 01:16:25,479
That translates to about
58 million pesos savings
1048
01:16:25,481 --> 01:16:29,216
For one city alone.
1049
01:16:29,218 --> 01:16:32,320
There is only one solution
to manage garbage.
1050
01:16:32,322 --> 01:16:36,490
It's to implement
zero-waste money spend.
1051
01:16:36,492 --> 01:16:39,260
It's really a part
of the solution,
1052
01:16:39,262 --> 01:16:43,731
Economically
and for the environment.
1053
01:16:43,733 --> 01:16:46,968
We're proud of san fernando
with their 7% to 8%
1054
01:16:46,970 --> 01:16:48,703
Waste aversion.
1055
01:16:48,705 --> 01:16:53,307
But the reality is that you have
that remaining 22%
1056
01:16:53,309 --> 01:17:00,915
That san fernando cannot manage,
that no one can manage.
1057
01:17:00,917 --> 01:17:06,020
The zero-waste program allows us
to identify which products
1058
01:17:06,022 --> 01:17:13,728
Are beyond the capacity
of communities to manage.
1059
01:17:13,730 --> 01:17:16,731
Industries are going to have to
take this into account.
1060
01:17:16,733 --> 01:17:19,266
If their product
isn't able to be recycled,
1061
01:17:19,268 --> 01:17:21,102
Not not only
in the in the country
1062
01:17:21,104 --> 01:17:22,436
Where it's produced or designed,
1063
01:17:22,438 --> 01:17:24,238
But in the country
where it ends up,
1064
01:17:24,240 --> 01:17:27,108
Then they shouldn't be producing
that kind of product.
1065
01:17:41,457 --> 01:17:43,891
Man: Right now, we are having
a brand audit
1066
01:17:43,893 --> 01:17:45,960
In which we are trying
to identify
1067
01:17:45,962 --> 01:17:50,531
The brands which contribute
the most to plastic waste
1068
01:17:50,533 --> 01:17:52,900
Which is generated
at the household level.
1069
01:17:52,902 --> 01:17:56,070
We are trying to generate
enough baseline data
1070
01:17:56,072 --> 01:17:58,372
To enable the government
to take a stand
1071
01:17:58,374 --> 01:18:01,542
So that they can follow
guidelines for implementing epr
1072
01:18:01,544 --> 01:18:05,880
To fix extended
producer responsibility.
1073
01:18:05,882 --> 01:18:08,516
When we say "extended
producer responsibility,"
1074
01:18:08,518 --> 01:18:10,685
He try to transfer
the responsibility
1075
01:18:10,687 --> 01:18:15,823
Of handling discards of branded
products back to the producer.
1076
01:18:15,825 --> 01:18:18,192
For example, if you're buying
a packet of chips,
1077
01:18:18,194 --> 01:18:20,795
You had essentially buying
the chips and not packaging
1078
01:18:20,797 --> 01:18:23,330
Which comes along with it.
1079
01:18:23,332 --> 01:18:26,567
So, the manufacturer
should take the responsibility
1080
01:18:26,569 --> 01:18:29,503
For either collecting them back
1081
01:18:29,505 --> 01:18:34,175
Or should support the government
in treating them.
1082
01:18:34,177 --> 01:18:37,178
So, this is what we dream
by implementing
1083
01:18:37,180 --> 01:18:39,847
Extended producer
responsibility.
1084
01:18:39,849 --> 01:18:42,450
From what we see right here,
1085
01:18:42,452 --> 01:18:45,286
There are five main contributors
to the majority
1086
01:18:45,288 --> 01:18:47,788
Of the plastic waste generated.
1087
01:18:47,790 --> 01:18:53,627
Unilever, itc, nestlé,
milman, and pepsico.
1088
01:18:53,629 --> 01:18:55,162
And we are getting
similar feedback
1089
01:18:55,164 --> 01:18:58,632
From different brands as their
collected all over the country
1090
01:18:58,634 --> 01:19:02,403
Where the same names are
coming up a the top brands.
1091
01:19:05,675 --> 01:19:08,642
Man: We know who they are.
1092
01:19:08,644 --> 01:19:10,511
He's been trying
to work with them.
1093
01:19:10,513 --> 01:19:16,784
They have to step up,
and they had to own the problem.
1094
01:19:16,786 --> 01:19:19,920
Hernandez: It cannot be forever
supporting the bottom line
1095
01:19:19,922 --> 01:19:22,323
Of this companies
that has got to stop now.
1096
01:19:22,325 --> 01:19:25,826
They need to be given the bill.
1097
01:19:25,828 --> 01:19:28,696
We've got to pass legislation,
1098
01:19:28,698 --> 01:19:32,399
And we've got to create
public opinion to reduce waste.
1099
01:19:48,718 --> 01:19:50,718
Simon: They have a role to play
if they want to adapt,
1100
01:19:50,720 --> 01:19:52,286
But if they don't adapt,
1101
01:19:52,288 --> 01:19:55,222
We should not expect
the coca colas or pepsi colas
1102
01:19:55,224 --> 01:19:58,793
Or unilevers of this world
to be there in 20 years.
1103
01:19:58,795 --> 01:20:04,064
To continue creating products
on the basis of petrochemicals
1104
01:20:04,066 --> 01:20:06,967
Is not embracing
the full potential
1105
01:20:06,969 --> 01:20:09,737
Of the opportunities
that we see elsewhere.
1106
01:20:09,739 --> 01:20:13,207
We're almost there
that you can create packaging
1107
01:20:13,209 --> 01:20:15,242
That has nothing to do
with plastics.
1108
01:20:15,244 --> 01:20:17,311
We're almost there.
1109
01:20:22,885 --> 01:20:24,418
If you can use less material,
1110
01:20:24,420 --> 01:20:26,921
For sure,
that's always number one.
1111
01:20:26,923 --> 01:20:29,323
But for everything else,
biodegradable
1112
01:20:29,325 --> 01:20:33,861
And bio-based plastic can be
a good solution in the future.
1113
01:20:46,075 --> 01:20:48,342
People always say, like,
"oh, molly, I thought of you.
1114
01:20:48,344 --> 01:20:50,511
I was at cvs, and I bought
1115
01:20:50,513 --> 01:20:52,246
A biodegradable shampoo bottle,"
and I'm like,
1116
01:20:52,248 --> 01:20:56,016
"I know exactly what you bought.
It's not biodegradable."
1117
01:20:56,018 --> 01:20:59,053
Just 'cause something's made
from corn or plants
1118
01:20:59,055 --> 01:21:00,921
Does not mean
it's biodegradable.
1119
01:21:00,923 --> 01:21:02,489
So, we see a lot of things
1120
01:21:02,491 --> 01:21:05,759
Like bio-p.E.T.
On the market, for instance.
1121
01:21:05,761 --> 01:21:09,396
And bio-p.E.T.
Is the same carbon chain
1122
01:21:09,398 --> 01:21:11,699
That's in conventional p.E.T.,
1123
01:21:11,701 --> 01:21:14,134
And you're not using
ancient fossil carbon
1124
01:21:14,136 --> 01:21:15,936
To make that material,
1125
01:21:15,938 --> 01:21:17,671
But it's
the exact same carbon chain.
1126
01:21:17,673 --> 01:21:19,773
It's not gonna be biodegradable.
1127
01:21:19,775 --> 01:21:21,976
So, those two things
are completely unrelated,
1128
01:21:21,978 --> 01:21:24,211
Biodegradable and bio-based.
1129
01:21:24,213 --> 01:21:29,149
But we really need to think
about both
1130
01:21:29,151 --> 01:21:33,420
What we're going up against,
the incumbent persistence,
1131
01:21:33,422 --> 01:21:35,222
Petrochemical-based plastics.
1132
01:21:35,224 --> 01:21:38,792
This is a massive
infrastructure challenge.
1133
01:21:56,445 --> 01:21:59,313
Morawski: If we really want
to completely transform
1134
01:21:59,315 --> 01:22:02,583
This industry,
we have to create that demand
1135
01:22:02,585 --> 01:22:04,585
And say to the producers,
1136
01:22:04,587 --> 01:22:09,156
"you must buy this much recycled
resin instead of virgin,
1137
01:22:09,158 --> 01:22:10,891
Then you're going to see demand.
1138
01:22:10,893 --> 01:22:13,694
Then you're going to see
investment in recycling.
1139
01:22:13,696 --> 01:22:18,966
Now, that being said,
it's not all about recycling.
1140
01:22:18,968 --> 01:22:23,470
I don't think we recycle
our way out of this problem.
1141
01:22:23,472 --> 01:22:28,542
We've got to reduce and reuse
our way out of this,
1142
01:22:28,544 --> 01:22:30,277
And that's definitely not what
1143
01:22:30,279 --> 01:22:35,916
Dow, and dupont,
and 3m, and target,
1144
01:22:35,918 --> 01:22:41,121
And procter & gamble,
and starbucks are thinking.
1145
01:22:46,162 --> 01:22:47,628
Simon: The question is,
are we going to see
1146
01:22:47,630 --> 01:22:50,464
A world of multinationals
in 20 or 30 years' time,
1147
01:22:50,466 --> 01:22:52,266
Or we want to see a world
where, actually,
1148
01:22:52,268 --> 01:22:55,803
You have a lot more
alternative delivery systems,
1149
01:22:55,805 --> 01:22:58,739
Business models that go
a lot more small scale,
1150
01:22:58,741 --> 01:23:01,608
And actually building
on the communities.
1151
01:23:01,610 --> 01:23:03,243
Priestland:
The world that I hope to see
1152
01:23:03,245 --> 01:23:07,915
Is one where your beauty-care
products or your drinks
1153
01:23:07,917 --> 01:23:09,616
Or whatever else
that you're buying
1154
01:23:09,618 --> 01:23:12,019
Is coming in reusable packaging,
1155
01:23:12,021 --> 01:23:15,122
And we have
more localized systems
1156
01:23:15,124 --> 01:23:18,592
So that we break free from these
huge, multinational companies
1157
01:23:18,594 --> 01:23:20,327
Who have massive supply chains
1158
01:23:20,329 --> 01:23:25,532
That force them to rely
on plastic packaging.
1159
01:23:25,534 --> 01:23:29,837
At least we can
turn off the tap, right?
1160
01:23:29,839 --> 01:23:32,306
That's the least
that we can do...
1161
01:23:32,308 --> 01:23:39,546
The very least that we can do.
1162
01:23:39,548 --> 01:23:44,118
People are thinking
that prevention is radical,
1163
01:23:44,120 --> 01:23:47,321
Something that comes
after recycling.
1164
01:23:47,323 --> 01:23:49,890
It's not it's supposed to be
the essential thing
1165
01:23:49,892 --> 01:23:51,759
To do first and foremost.
1166
01:23:51,761 --> 01:23:54,094
There has to be a policy.
1167
01:23:54,096 --> 01:23:57,965
That's the only way that you can
get massive-scale conversions
1168
01:23:57,967 --> 01:23:59,666
To single-use-plastic free.
1169
01:24:06,108 --> 01:24:10,577
Before we passed the plastic-bag
reduction law in california,
1170
01:24:10,579 --> 01:24:13,013
This would have been
full of plastic bags, too.
1171
01:24:13,015 --> 01:24:16,817
So, it's pretty awesome that
there aren't very many
1172
01:24:16,819 --> 01:24:19,019
'cause those plastic bags
are a nightmare.
1173
01:24:19,021 --> 01:24:20,754
They gummed up everything.
1174
01:24:20,756 --> 01:24:23,590
And it's a success story
that gives us some ideas
1175
01:24:23,592 --> 01:24:28,695
About how we might deal with
some of these other materials.
1176
01:24:28,697 --> 01:24:30,697
Timmermans:
What we did is we looked at
1177
01:24:30,699 --> 01:24:32,833
Which single-use-plastics items
1178
01:24:32,835 --> 01:24:35,602
Could be easily replaced
like straws,
1179
01:24:35,604 --> 01:24:40,340
Q-tips, plastic cutlery,
plastic plates, et cetera,
1180
01:24:40,342 --> 01:24:43,277
So we could ban those products.
1181
01:24:43,279 --> 01:24:47,281
And then you have products that
are not as easily replaceable.
1182
01:24:47,283 --> 01:24:48,982
There, you need to help industry
1183
01:24:48,984 --> 01:24:51,118
To try and develop
other products
1184
01:24:51,120 --> 01:24:52,820
That could replace
these products.
1185
01:24:52,822 --> 01:24:56,256
And, also, what has been
very successful are programs
1186
01:24:56,258 --> 01:24:58,859
To recollect plastic bottles.
1187
01:24:58,861 --> 01:25:02,729
You get collection of over 90%.
1188
01:25:02,731 --> 01:25:08,635
All these things combined
should be one strategy.
1189
01:25:08,637 --> 01:25:13,474
This is not a europe-centric
or western-centric issue.
1190
01:25:17,813 --> 01:25:19,980
In some african countries,
1191
01:25:19,982 --> 01:25:22,316
Governments are willing to be
more radical than europe
1192
01:25:22,318 --> 01:25:24,852
On single-use plastics.
1193
01:25:24,854 --> 01:25:27,754
Woman:
Rwanda is a role model.
1194
01:25:27,756 --> 01:25:30,357
Since the ban was introduced
10 years ago,
1195
01:25:30,359 --> 01:25:35,429
Countries around the world have
since also banned plastic bags.
1196
01:25:35,431 --> 01:25:40,801
Morawski:
The public is happy to hear
about these bans taking place.
1197
01:25:40,803 --> 01:25:43,203
And companies are really afraid.
1198
01:25:43,205 --> 01:25:45,973
They're suddenly realizing
this is really serious.
1199
01:25:54,416 --> 01:25:56,383
Without the legislation,
we have nothing.
1200
01:25:56,385 --> 01:25:57,918
Because then
you're asking corporations
1201
01:25:57,920 --> 01:25:59,686
To voluntarily
do the right thing.
1202
01:25:59,688 --> 01:26:01,155
They're not going to do that.
1203
01:26:01,157 --> 01:26:03,857
But if everybody is forced
to do it, they all have to pay,
1204
01:26:03,859 --> 01:26:05,626
They're going to come together,
1205
01:26:05,628 --> 01:26:08,495
And those costs that were
externalized in the past
1206
01:26:08,497 --> 01:26:11,231
And basically borne
by poor communities
1207
01:26:11,233 --> 01:26:14,301
Suffering with all this marine
litter or municipalities
1208
01:26:14,303 --> 01:26:17,905
Having to deal with expensive
recycling and disposal programs
1209
01:26:17,907 --> 01:26:21,675
Or large incinerators
that they have to keep feeding,
1210
01:26:21,677 --> 01:26:23,544
Those are externalized costs
1211
01:26:23,546 --> 01:26:26,346
That companies
are profiting from.
1212
01:26:26,348 --> 01:26:28,115
Now we're going to give them
back those costs and say,
1213
01:26:28,117 --> 01:26:29,850
"you know what?
It's your problem now.
1214
01:26:29,852 --> 01:26:30,918
You deal with it.
1215
01:26:30,920 --> 01:26:32,019
Are you still going
to do business
1216
01:26:32,021 --> 01:26:33,720
The same way
you do business now,
1217
01:26:33,722 --> 01:26:35,656
Or are you going to redesign
your product
1218
01:26:35,658 --> 01:26:37,157
So you're going to
reduce those costs
1219
01:26:37,159 --> 01:26:41,828
And it's actually going to be
more environmentally friendly?"
1220
01:26:41,830 --> 01:26:44,398
I believe we're at
a tipping point right now.
1221
01:26:44,400 --> 01:26:46,800
I've seen
more policy change globally
1222
01:26:46,802 --> 01:26:48,402
In the last 8 months
1223
01:26:48,404 --> 01:26:50,904
Than I've seen in 20 years
of my career
1224
01:26:50,906 --> 01:26:53,507
Because not only are governments
getting pissed off,
1225
01:26:53,509 --> 01:26:55,676
But companies are recognizing
1226
01:26:55,678 --> 01:26:57,411
They can't get away
with it anymore.
1227
01:28:13,422 --> 01:28:15,555
Carpenter:
So many parts of our economy,
1228
01:28:15,557 --> 01:28:17,591
So many places around the world
are dependent
1229
01:28:17,593 --> 01:28:20,927
On this relatively
small group of corporations
1230
01:28:20,929 --> 01:28:23,497
Who are making
a tremendous amount of money
1231
01:28:23,499 --> 01:28:27,167
Poisoning the rest of us.
1232
01:28:27,169 --> 01:28:30,470
And, so, figuring out
how to break out of that cycle.
1233
01:28:30,472 --> 01:28:35,342
That's the project
of our lifetime.
1234
01:28:35,344 --> 01:28:37,711
Bourque: Plastics are treated
as a product
1235
01:28:37,713 --> 01:28:40,247
That miraculously appears
from nowhere,
1236
01:28:40,249 --> 01:28:44,051
And it goes to nowhere.
1237
01:28:44,053 --> 01:28:47,754
That invisibility,
that magic nature of plastics
1238
01:28:47,756 --> 01:28:51,658
Is something that the oil
and gas industry has perpetuated
1239
01:28:51,660 --> 01:28:54,628
And promoted very effectively
for decades.
1240
01:28:54,630 --> 01:28:59,800
But what was once invisible
is becoming visible.
1241
01:28:59,802 --> 01:29:02,536
The plastic crisis doesn't start
1242
01:29:02,538 --> 01:29:04,638
When the plastics
enter the ocean.
1243
01:29:04,640 --> 01:29:08,175
It starts when the oil
and the gas leave the wellhead
1244
01:29:08,177 --> 01:29:12,045
And it keeps on being a problem
at every step along the way.
1245
01:29:15,517 --> 01:29:16,817
So, if you want
to stop plastics,
1246
01:29:16,819 --> 01:29:20,153
If you want to truly confront
the plastics crisis,
1247
01:29:20,155 --> 01:29:23,256
Fight to end
fossil-fuel subsidies.
1248
01:29:23,258 --> 01:29:26,059
Make companies accountable
for the lifecycle impacts
1249
01:29:26,061 --> 01:29:27,928
Of their products.
1250
01:29:27,930 --> 01:29:31,331
The moment that exxon,
the moment that shell,
1251
01:29:31,333 --> 01:29:33,500
The moment that chevron
and dow and dupont
1252
01:29:33,502 --> 01:29:35,702
Own the impacts
of these products,
1253
01:29:35,704 --> 01:29:40,440
The plastics crisis will be over
and not before then.
1254
01:29:40,442 --> 01:29:42,976
Now, it may be
a kind of a token idea,
1255
01:29:42,978 --> 01:29:45,746
But I think that circular
economy is possible.
1256
01:29:45,748 --> 01:29:47,781
Zero waste is possible.
1257
01:30:04,566 --> 01:30:06,600
Mafira:
It's not reasonable at all
1258
01:30:06,602 --> 01:30:11,671
That we continue to live
like this and expect to survive.
1259
01:30:11,673 --> 01:30:14,641
We're ruining the planet
that gives us life,
1260
01:30:14,643 --> 01:30:17,477
And we're ruining the oceans
that give us fish.
1261
01:30:17,479 --> 01:30:20,847
We're ruining the rivers
that give us clean water.
1262
01:30:28,190 --> 01:30:32,993
I don't think they can keep on
tricking people forever.
103845
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