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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:05,655 --> 00:00:07,344 ♪♪♪ 2 00:00:20,206 --> 00:00:24,620 [male narrator] Area 51 is located in the southern portion of Nevada, 3 00:00:24,655 --> 00:00:26,896 in the western United States, 4 00:00:26,931 --> 00:00:30,275 eighty-three miles north northwest of Las Vegas. 5 00:00:30,689 --> 00:00:35,206 It is a highly classified United States Air Force facility 6 00:00:35,241 --> 00:00:38,620 located within the Nevada Test and Training Range. 7 00:00:39,275 --> 00:00:44,724 It is an area roughly twenty-five miles of restricted airspace and is heavily guarded. 8 00:00:45,172 --> 00:00:48,379 The perimeter of the base is marked out by orange posts 9 00:00:48,827 --> 00:00:53,413 and patrolled by guards in white pickup trucks and camouflage fatigues. 10 00:00:54,413 --> 00:00:59,275 Technology is also heavily used to maintain the border of the base. 11 00:00:59,310 --> 00:01:03,000 This includes surveillance cameras and motion detectors. 12 00:01:03,413 --> 00:01:08,413 It is one of the most secure bases within the United States, 13 00:01:08,448 --> 00:01:13,310 and if you go beyond the perimeter, they will kill you. 14 00:01:16,000 --> 00:01:17,482 ♪♪♪ 15 00:01:33,689 --> 00:01:35,517 [electronic sounds] 16 00:01:37,896 --> 00:01:40,034 [voices on radio] 17 00:02:19,931 --> 00:02:24,034 [male narrator] The origin of the name Area 51 is unclear. 18 00:02:24,068 --> 00:02:28,448 It is believed to be from an Atomic Energy Commission numbering grid. 19 00:02:28,482 --> 00:02:34,068 Although Area 51 is not part of that system, it is adjacent to area 15. 20 00:02:35,517 --> 00:02:38,758 Another explanation is that 51 was used 21 00:02:38,793 --> 00:02:42,827 because it was unlikely that the AEC would use the number. 22 00:02:43,965 --> 00:02:48,896 According to the Central Intelligence Agency, the correct names for the facility 23 00:02:48,931 --> 00:02:52,068 are Homey Airport and Groom Lake, 24 00:02:52,103 --> 00:02:58,379 though the name Area 51 was used in a CIA document from the Vietnam War. 25 00:03:01,206 --> 00:03:05,034 The facility has also been referred to as Dreamland 26 00:03:05,068 --> 00:03:08,793 and Paradise Ranch among other nicknames. 27 00:03:09,448 --> 00:03:14,034 The United States Air Force public relations has referred to the facility 28 00:03:14,068 --> 00:03:18,172 as "an operating location near Groom Dry Lake." 29 00:03:18,586 --> 00:03:26,172 The special use airspace around the field is referred to as restricted area 4808 North. 30 00:03:27,896 --> 00:03:32,655 Area 51 has become a focus of modern conspiracy theories 31 00:03:32,689 --> 00:03:38,275 due to its secretive nature and connection to classified aircraft research. 32 00:03:38,931 --> 00:03:40,551 Theories include: 33 00:03:40,586 --> 00:03:46,379 The storage, examination, and reverse engineering of crashed alien spacecraft, 34 00:03:46,413 --> 00:03:50,068 including material supposedly recovered at Roswell, 35 00:03:50,103 --> 00:03:57,068 the study of their occupants and the manufacture of aircraft based on alien technology. 36 00:04:09,137 --> 00:04:13,241 Meetings or joint undertakings with extraterrestrials. 37 00:04:17,241 --> 00:04:22,034 The development of exotic energy weapons for the Strategic Defense Initiative 38 00:04:22,068 --> 00:04:23,965 or other weapons programs. 39 00:04:27,068 --> 00:04:29,068 The development of weather control. 40 00:04:29,655 --> 00:04:33,689 The development of time travel and teleportation technology. 41 00:04:34,448 --> 00:04:39,689 The development of exotic propulsion systems related to the Aurora Program. 42 00:04:40,275 --> 00:04:47,275 Activities related to a shadowy one-world government or the Majestic 12 organization. 43 00:04:48,724 --> 00:04:54,724 Many of the hypotheses concern underground facilities at Groom or Papoose Lake 44 00:04:56,827 --> 00:05:01,551 and include claims of a transcontinental underground railroad system, 45 00:05:04,103 --> 00:05:09,655 a disappearing airstrip named the Cheshire Airstrip after Lewis Carroll's Cheshire cat, 46 00:05:09,689 --> 00:05:14,379 which briefly appears when water is sprayed onto its camouflaged asphalt, 47 00:05:14,413 --> 00:05:17,586 and engineering based on alien technology. 48 00:05:19,000 --> 00:05:24,655 In the mid-1950s, civilian aircraft flew under 20,000 feet 49 00:05:24,689 --> 00:05:28,689 while military aircraft flew over 40,000 feet. 50 00:05:29,068 --> 00:05:32,517 The U-2 began flying at about 60,000 feet 51 00:05:32,551 --> 00:05:36,896 and there was an increased number of UFO sighting reports. 52 00:05:37,379 --> 00:05:40,896 Sightings occurred most often during early evening hours, 53 00:05:40,931 --> 00:05:47,241 when airline pilots flying west saw the U-2's silver wings reflect the sun, 54 00:05:47,275 --> 00:05:50,172 giving the aircraft a fiery appearance. 55 00:05:52,586 --> 00:05:58,517 Many sighting reports came to the Air Force Project Blue Book which investigated UFO sightings 56 00:05:58,896 --> 00:06:02,379 through air traffic controllers and letters to the government. 57 00:06:02,413 --> 00:06:06,586 The project checked U-2 and later OXCART flight records 58 00:06:06,620 --> 00:06:12,655 to eliminate the majority of UFO reports that it received during the late 50s and 60s, 59 00:06:12,689 --> 00:06:17,827 although it could not reveal to the letter writers the truth behind what they saw. 60 00:06:19,172 --> 00:06:25,827 They believed that the rumors helped maintain secrecy over Area 51's actual operations. 61 00:06:25,862 --> 00:06:30,517 The veterans deny the existence of a vast underground railroad system, 62 00:06:30,551 --> 00:06:35,172 although many of Area 51's operations did occur underground. 63 00:06:40,655 --> 00:06:45,310 The modern history of Area 51 is a place for UFOs 64 00:06:45,344 --> 00:06:49,965 and extraterrestrial activity began in the 1980s. 65 00:06:51,241 --> 00:06:58,310 Bob Lazar claimed in 1989 that he had worked at Area 51's sector 4, 66 00:06:58,344 --> 00:07:03,931 said to be located underground inside the Papoose range near Papoose Lake. 67 00:07:04,793 --> 00:07:09,344 He claimed that he was contracted to work with alien spacecraft 68 00:07:09,379 --> 00:07:11,896 that the government had in its possession. 69 00:07:13,103 --> 00:07:18,965 Similarly, in 1996 a documentary, Dreamland, directed by Bruce Burgess 70 00:07:19,000 --> 00:07:23,275 included an interview with a seventy-one-year old mechanical engineer, 71 00:07:23,310 --> 00:07:28,379 who claimed to be a former employee of Area 51 during the 50s. 72 00:07:29,275 --> 00:07:34,724 His claims include that he had worked on a flying disc simulator 73 00:07:34,758 --> 00:07:40,448 which had been based on a disc originating from a crashed extraterrestrial craft 74 00:07:40,482 --> 00:07:42,620 and was used to train pilots. 75 00:07:43,586 --> 00:07:47,379 He also claimed to have worked with an extraterrestrial being 76 00:07:47,413 --> 00:07:52,137 named Jarod and described as a telepathic translator. 77 00:07:57,448 --> 00:08:04,034 In 2004, Dan Crain claimed to have worked on cloning alien viruses 78 00:08:04,068 --> 00:08:09,103 at Area 51, also alongside the alien named Jarod. 79 00:08:09,827 --> 00:08:14,275 Crain's scholarly credentials are the subject of much debate, 80 00:08:14,310 --> 00:08:19,517 as he was apparently working as a Las Vegas parole officer in 1989, 81 00:08:19,551 --> 00:08:23,862 while also earning a PhD at State University of New York. 82 00:08:28,551 --> 00:08:34,655 In July 2019, two million people responded to a joke proposal 83 00:08:34,689 --> 00:08:40,448 to storm Area 51 which appeared in an anonymous Facebook post. 84 00:08:42,034 --> 00:08:45,103 Many people said that they were interested in the event 85 00:08:45,137 --> 00:08:48,344 scheduled for the 20th of September 2019, 86 00:08:48,379 --> 00:08:56,034 and billed as "Storm Area 51, They Can't Stop All of Us", an attempt to see them aliens. 87 00:08:57,310 --> 00:08:59,896 Air Force spokeswoman Lauren McAndrews 88 00:08:59,931 --> 00:09:03,034 said government officials knew about the proposal. 89 00:09:03,068 --> 00:09:09,551 In a statement to the Washington Post, she said Area 51 is an open training range 90 00:09:09,586 --> 00:09:15,034 for the US Air Force and we would discourage anyone from trying to come into the area 91 00:09:15,068 --> 00:09:17,827 where we train American armed forces. 92 00:09:18,344 --> 00:09:23,517 The US Air Force always stands ready to protect America and its assets. 93 00:09:24,586 --> 00:09:27,724 The media reported that the proposal's creator 94 00:09:27,758 --> 00:09:31,448 had said it was satirical and meant as a joke. 95 00:09:32,620 --> 00:09:38,137 Joke or no joke, it caught the attention of UFO buffs and even entertainers. 96 00:09:38,172 --> 00:09:42,275 Many pledged to rush the base in an attempt to get inside 97 00:09:42,310 --> 00:09:44,931 and see what all the secret fuss was about. 98 00:09:46,103 --> 00:09:49,586 After memes and the Facebook account had been posted 99 00:09:49,620 --> 00:09:52,000 thousands of times on the internet, 100 00:09:52,034 --> 00:09:58,034 local businesses were besieged with people showing up well before the September event. 101 00:09:58,551 --> 00:10:03,689 Some local businesses saw the potential for cashing in on all the tourist activity, 102 00:10:03,724 --> 00:10:08,931 and began to arrange outdoor events, concerts and more for the occasion. 103 00:10:11,896 --> 00:10:17,482 Matty Roberts created the event on Facebook On June 27th as a joke, 104 00:10:17,517 --> 00:10:21,000 not imagining the viral spread the event would receive. 105 00:10:21,517 --> 00:10:25,068 The event planned for the raid in Amargosa Valley 106 00:10:26,137 --> 00:10:31,103 from 3 am. to 6 am. on September 20th, 2019. 107 00:10:32,034 --> 00:10:37,517 The Facebook event writes, "If we run, we can move faster than their bullets. 108 00:10:37,551 --> 00:10:39,137 Let's see them aliens." 109 00:10:50,931 --> 00:10:55,862 Robert said the event had around forty signatures three days into the event's list date 110 00:10:55,896 --> 00:10:57,896 and then suddenly went viral. 111 00:10:58,586 --> 00:11:05,482 The meme possibly spread first on the app TikTok as well as Reddit and Instagram later. 112 00:11:06,620 --> 00:11:11,724 The Facebook page for the event is filled with thousands of satirical posts 113 00:11:11,758 --> 00:11:15,758 discussing the best way to break into Area 51. 114 00:11:16,724 --> 00:11:19,275 After the viral spread of the meme, 115 00:11:19,310 --> 00:11:23,724 Roberts was worried that he would receive a visit from the FBI. 116 00:11:24,310 --> 00:11:28,206 The event received 1.6 million going, 117 00:11:28,241 --> 00:11:34,241 and another 1.2 million interested signatures as of July the 18th. 118 00:11:34,896 --> 00:11:38,965 He had to take the event offline as of July 20th. 119 00:11:41,413 --> 00:11:46,068 Copycat events such as plans to storm a genealogical vault 120 00:11:46,103 --> 00:11:49,413 of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 121 00:11:49,448 --> 00:11:53,655 Loch Ness and the Bermuda Triangle have also been created. 122 00:11:54,896 --> 00:11:57,034 Business owners in Rachel, Nevada, 123 00:11:57,068 --> 00:12:01,000 a town of just fifty-six people just outside of the base 124 00:12:01,034 --> 00:12:05,517 have made preparations for visitors who want to go to Area 51. 125 00:12:06,034 --> 00:12:11,137 Connie West, co-owner of the Little Ale'Inn restaurant and inn, 126 00:12:11,172 --> 00:12:17,862 has had all thirteen rooms of the inn booked, and plans to open up thirty acres for camping 127 00:12:17,896 --> 00:12:20,517 and create merchandise for the event. 128 00:12:21,034 --> 00:12:24,413 Las Vegas businessman George Harris has hired bands 129 00:12:24,448 --> 00:12:27,965 to play at an annual festival called The Swarm. 130 00:12:28,620 --> 00:12:35,620 Matty Roberts has also expressed interest in a music festival to be made outside of Area 51. 131 00:12:36,344 --> 00:12:41,310 Cosmic Kay, owner of the shop Aliens R Us in Boulder City, 132 00:12:41,344 --> 00:12:47,103 says that even though the shop is one hundred seventy miles away from Area 51, 133 00:12:47,137 --> 00:12:52,206 business has increased due to fascination regarding aliens. 134 00:12:54,862 --> 00:12:59,034 Everyone involved believes this will become an annual event 135 00:12:59,068 --> 00:13:01,655 much like the famed Burning Man event 136 00:13:01,689 --> 00:13:04,551 in Black Rock Desert of Northwest, Nevada. 137 00:13:06,896 --> 00:13:12,172 Other businesses around the nation have based products and services on this event. 138 00:13:12,586 --> 00:13:18,000 A collection of merchandise related to the event from online retailers was launched. 139 00:13:18,482 --> 00:13:23,103 Bud Light plans to release a promotional alien-themed beer label 140 00:13:23,137 --> 00:13:27,275 and promised a free beer to any alien that makes it out 141 00:13:27,689 --> 00:13:32,241 as long as a tweet with the new design gets fifty-one thousand retweets. 142 00:13:32,827 --> 00:13:38,275 Fast food restaurant Arby's has planned to deliver food with a special menu to the event. 143 00:13:39,068 --> 00:13:46,310 The UFO store has even released an entire promotional DVD package based upon the event. 144 00:13:48,068 --> 00:13:55,862 Area 51 has been the subject of conspiracy theories regarding aliens since the 1950s, 145 00:13:55,896 --> 00:14:01,379 when some individuals reported seeing UFOs at the location of the base 146 00:14:01,413 --> 00:14:07,448 around the time the military started flying CIA U-2 spy planes in the area. 147 00:14:08,724 --> 00:14:13,448 The CIA declassified documents related to Area 51 148 00:14:13,482 --> 00:14:17,413 and recognized its existence in 2013. 149 00:14:17,448 --> 00:14:22,586 Up until then, the government had denied even the existence of the base, 150 00:14:22,620 --> 00:14:26,000 though it could be clearly seen from an area mountaintop. 151 00:14:27,551 --> 00:14:35,241 Conspiracy theorists believe aliens, UFOs, or secrets related to them are stored at Area 51. 152 00:14:36,034 --> 00:14:41,482 In June 2019, the Pentagon provided a briefing on UFOs 153 00:14:41,517 --> 00:14:45,103 encountered by Navy pilots to members of Congress. 154 00:14:45,517 --> 00:14:51,793 That same month, US President Donald Trump said he had also been briefed on UFOs. 155 00:14:53,241 --> 00:14:59,034 Prior to these events in 2019, the government had also been forced to admit 156 00:14:59,068 --> 00:15:04,172 they did indeed have a UFO program based out of the Pentagon. 157 00:15:04,758 --> 00:15:07,275 The program code-named A.A.T.I.P. 158 00:15:07,310 --> 00:15:11,517 or the Advanced Aerial Threat Identification Program. 159 00:15:12,586 --> 00:15:18,724 The program began in 2007 with funding of 22 million over the five years, 160 00:15:18,758 --> 00:15:22,517 until available appropriations were ended in 2012. 161 00:15:24,379 --> 00:15:28,965 This program began in the US Defense Intelligence Agency, 162 00:15:29,000 --> 00:15:32,551 although the official A.A.T.I.P. program has ended, 163 00:15:32,586 --> 00:15:37,344 a related group of interested professionals have extended the effort, 164 00:15:37,379 --> 00:15:40,413 funding a nonprofit organization called 165 00:15:40,827 --> 00:15:43,517 "To The Stars... Academy of Arts and Science." 166 00:15:44,241 --> 00:15:49,103 Many who worked at A.A.T.I.P. say officially the program has ended, 167 00:15:49,137 --> 00:15:53,310 but it is still receiving funding and is continuing. 168 00:16:04,896 --> 00:16:07,448 [male narrator] On May 22nd 2019, 169 00:16:07,482 --> 00:16:12,034 Pentagon spokesman Christopher Sherwood confirmed to the New York Post 170 00:16:12,068 --> 00:16:19,448 that the program did pursue research and investigation into unidentified aerial phenomena, 171 00:16:19,482 --> 00:16:24,793 dispelling rumors that the program only focused on theoretical physics. 172 00:16:24,827 --> 00:16:31,344 The program manager, Luis Elizondo, said on December 19th, 2017 173 00:16:31,379 --> 00:16:36,068 that he believed there was very compelling evidence we are not alone. 174 00:16:39,068 --> 00:16:45,931 The Storm Area 51 Event took a turn on the first weekend in August of 2019. 175 00:16:46,586 --> 00:16:52,965 Just as the hype seemed to have calmed down, over two million UFO enthusiasts 176 00:16:53,000 --> 00:16:59,000 found their Area 51 meme filled page suddenly blocked by Facebook, 177 00:16:59,034 --> 00:17:04,551 under the pretext of ever-elusive, community standards violations. 178 00:17:05,793 --> 00:17:11,103 Spooked by the high volume of attendees, worried about the Las Vegas strip clubs 179 00:17:11,137 --> 00:17:14,689 pledge to bring its dancers to entertain the masses, 180 00:17:14,724 --> 00:17:19,517 or offended by one of the thousand memes posted by the community, 181 00:17:19,551 --> 00:17:21,758 Facebook abruptly removed 182 00:17:21,793 --> 00:17:27,482 the "Storm Area 51 - They Can't Stop Us All" event page over the weekend. 183 00:17:28,310 --> 00:17:33,172 The backup page set up by the organizers was also wiped out 184 00:17:33,206 --> 00:17:36,965 as the social media giant found the content posted 185 00:17:37,000 --> 00:17:41,896 to this event to be in violation of their community standards. 186 00:17:43,310 --> 00:17:48,275 Frustrated would-be raiders regrouped on reddit to share their theories, 187 00:17:48,310 --> 00:17:52,931 while others continue to flood Twitter with Area 51 memes. 188 00:17:53,344 --> 00:17:57,379 Many agreed that Facebook CEO, Mark Zuckerberg 189 00:17:57,413 --> 00:18:03,586 is secretly an alien from Area 51 and he doesn't want us to know. 190 00:18:04,551 --> 00:18:10,000 Many questioned if the government had threatened Facebook or other online sites. 191 00:18:10,655 --> 00:18:15,931 The hysteria over aliens at Area 51 only grew. 192 00:18:16,689 --> 00:18:24,344 It seemed several were not willing to give up and were determined to storm Area 51. 193 00:18:41,034 --> 00:18:44,034 After starting the Facebook event as a joke, 194 00:18:44,068 --> 00:18:49,655 Matthew Roberts now planned an actual Area 51 festival in Nevada 195 00:18:49,689 --> 00:18:54,896 to take place September 20th, the day the raid was going to go down. 196 00:18:55,344 --> 00:19:00,275 He says he created another Facebook event this time for the real festival 197 00:19:00,310 --> 00:19:05,724 that would take place somewhere that's not a highly classified military base, 198 00:19:05,758 --> 00:19:09,724 but this too was taken down by the social network. 199 00:19:11,344 --> 00:19:14,068 Perhaps it was for public safety, 200 00:19:14,103 --> 00:19:17,758 or the government instructed Facebook to remove the site. 201 00:19:18,137 --> 00:19:23,448 Either way this only encouraged event promoters to push forward. 202 00:19:25,758 --> 00:19:28,793 The intense secrecy surrounding the base 203 00:19:28,827 --> 00:19:32,344 has made it the frequent subject of conspiracy theories, 204 00:19:32,379 --> 00:19:37,137 and a central component to unidentified flying object folklore. 205 00:19:37,689 --> 00:19:40,724 The base has never been declared a secret base, 206 00:19:40,758 --> 00:19:46,344 but all research and occurrences in Area 51 are top-secret, sensitive, 207 00:19:46,379 --> 00:19:48,758 compartmentalized information. 208 00:19:49,827 --> 00:19:54,586 The CIA publicly acknowledged the existence of the base for the first time 209 00:19:54,620 --> 00:20:00,344 on the 25th of June 2013, following a Freedom of Information Act request 210 00:20:00,379 --> 00:20:02,896 filed in 2005, 211 00:20:02,931 --> 00:20:09,034 and they declassified documents detailing the history and purpose of Area 51. 212 00:20:09,689 --> 00:20:13,551 Of course, there were no mentions of aliens. 213 00:20:18,689 --> 00:20:22,827 The lakebed made an ideal strip for testing aircraft 214 00:20:22,862 --> 00:20:25,172 and the Emigrant Valley's mountain ranges 215 00:20:25,206 --> 00:20:29,103 and the NTS perimeter protected this site from visitors, 216 00:20:29,137 --> 00:20:32,000 about 100 miles north of Las Vegas. 217 00:20:32,482 --> 00:20:39,896 The CIA asked the AEC to acquire the land designated Area 51 on the map, 218 00:20:39,931 --> 00:20:42,793 and to add it to the Nevada Test Site. 219 00:20:43,413 --> 00:20:46,793 [male narrator] President Johnson named the area Paradise Ranch 220 00:20:46,827 --> 00:20:52,103 to encourage workers to move to "the new facility in the middle of nowhere", 221 00:20:52,137 --> 00:20:58,241 as the CIA later described it, and the name became shortened to The Ranch. 222 00:20:58,827 --> 00:21:04,275 On the 4th of May 1955, a survey team arrived at Groom Lake 223 00:21:04,310 --> 00:21:10,517 and laid out a 5,000-foot north-south runway on the southwest corner of the lakebed 224 00:21:10,551 --> 00:21:14,379 and designated a site for a base support facility. 225 00:21:15,137 --> 00:21:19,206 The Ranch initially consisted of little more than a few shelters, 226 00:21:19,241 --> 00:21:23,758 workshops, and trailer homes in which to house its small team. 227 00:21:24,517 --> 00:21:31,034 In a little over three months, the base consisted of a single paved runway, three hangars, 228 00:21:31,068 --> 00:21:35,793 a control tower and rudimentary accommodations for test personnel. 229 00:21:35,827 --> 00:21:41,103 The base's few amenities included a movie theater and a volleyball court. 230 00:21:41,482 --> 00:21:46,551 There was also a mess hall, several wells and fuel storage tanks. 231 00:21:46,586 --> 00:21:53,758 CIA, Air Force, and Lockheed personnel began arriving on July of 1955. 232 00:21:56,344 --> 00:22:03,724 The Ranch received its first U-2 delivery on the 24th of July 1955 from Burbank. 233 00:22:05,000 --> 00:22:08,482 Regular Military Air Transport Service flights 234 00:22:08,517 --> 00:22:14,758 were set up between Area 51 and Lockheed's offices in Burbank, California. 235 00:22:14,793 --> 00:22:19,724 To preserve secrecy, personnel flew to Nevada on Monday mornings 236 00:22:19,758 --> 00:22:22,379 and returned to California on Friday. 237 00:22:23,275 --> 00:22:27,896 During the Cold War, one of the missions carried out by the United States 238 00:22:27,931 --> 00:22:33,000 was the test and evaluation of captured Soviet fighter aircraft. 239 00:22:33,620 --> 00:22:37,275 Beginning in the late 60s, and for several decades, 240 00:22:37,310 --> 00:22:42,931 Area 51 played host to an assortment of Soviet-built aircraft. 241 00:22:42,965 --> 00:22:48,482 Under the HAVE DOUGHNUT, HAVE DRILL and HAVE FERRY programs, 242 00:22:49,172 --> 00:22:54,724 the first MiGs flown in the United States were used to evaluate the aircraft 243 00:22:54,758 --> 00:22:58,551 in performance, technical, and operational capabilities, 244 00:22:58,586 --> 00:23:01,482 pitting the types against U.S. fighters. 245 00:23:02,068 --> 00:23:10,034 Area 51 also hosted another foreign material evaluation program called HAVE GLIB. 246 00:23:10,551 --> 00:23:15,724 This involved testing Soviet tracking and missile control radar systems. 247 00:23:16,137 --> 00:23:23,896 A complex of actual and replica Soviet-type threat systems began to grow around Slater Lake, 248 00:23:23,931 --> 00:23:30,724 a mile northwest of the main base, along with an acquired Soviet Barlock search radar. 249 00:23:32,068 --> 00:23:36,793 They were arranged to simulate a Soviet-style air defense complex. 250 00:23:38,655 --> 00:23:44,034 All of this evaluation of foreign technology made Area 51 251 00:23:44,068 --> 00:23:50,482 the perfect place to study, test, and evaluate alien technology. 252 00:23:50,965 --> 00:23:56,310 If you have a UFO or flying saucer and wanted to see what it could do 253 00:23:56,344 --> 00:23:58,620 out of the prying eyes of the nation, 254 00:23:59,103 --> 00:24:04,172 Area 51 was the most logical and perfect place to do it. 255 00:24:06,793 --> 00:24:13,172 The base itself is restricted, the airspace above the base is restricted, 256 00:24:13,206 --> 00:24:16,620 and even land surrounding the base has been purchased 257 00:24:16,655 --> 00:24:20,000 and declared restricted for miles around. 258 00:24:21,689 --> 00:24:28,172 The United States government has provided minimal information regarding Area 51. 259 00:24:28,206 --> 00:24:31,896 The area surrounding the lake is permanently off-limits 260 00:24:31,931 --> 00:24:35,793 to both civilian and normal military air traffic. 261 00:24:36,413 --> 00:24:41,689 Security clearances are checked regularly, cameras and weaponry are not allowed. 262 00:24:42,275 --> 00:24:47,655 Even military pilots training in the NAFR risk disciplinary action 263 00:24:47,689 --> 00:24:53,275 if they stray into the exclusive box surrounding Grooms airspace. 264 00:24:54,172 --> 00:24:58,655 Surveillance is supplemented using buried motion sensors. 265 00:25:00,206 --> 00:25:07,517 Area 51 is a common destination for Janet airline, a small fleet of passenger aircraft 266 00:25:07,551 --> 00:25:12,689 operated on behalf of the Air Force to transport military personnel, 267 00:25:12,724 --> 00:25:15,896 primarily from McCarran International Airport. 268 00:25:16,793 --> 00:25:23,724 The USGS topographic map for the area only shows the long-disused Groom Mine. 269 00:25:25,068 --> 00:25:30,344 A civil aviation chart published by the Nevada Department of Transportation 270 00:25:30,379 --> 00:25:36,137 shows a large restricted area defined as part of the Nellis restricted airspace. 271 00:25:36,586 --> 00:25:41,724 The National Atlas shows the area as lying within the Nellis Air Base. 272 00:25:42,172 --> 00:25:48,551 However, high resolution and newer images available from satellite imagery providers, 273 00:25:48,586 --> 00:25:55,896 including Russian providers prove the base is huge and of course does exist. 274 00:25:56,724 --> 00:26:02,482 These show the runway markings, base facilities, aircraft and vehicles. 275 00:26:04,758 --> 00:26:08,310 [male narrator] We may have Tang thanks to the space program, 276 00:26:08,862 --> 00:26:13,482 but who gave us such innovations as the stealth fighter and Kevlar? 277 00:26:13,517 --> 00:26:14,896 Aliens of course. 278 00:26:16,413 --> 00:26:20,620 Conspiracy theorists believe that the remains of crashed UFO spacecraft 279 00:26:20,655 --> 00:26:23,034 are stored at Area 51, 280 00:26:23,620 --> 00:26:27,517 an air force base about 150 miles from Las Vegas. 281 00:26:28,241 --> 00:26:33,862 Government scientists reverse engineer the aliens' highly advanced technology there. 282 00:26:34,586 --> 00:26:40,344 Fodder for this has come from a variety of supposed UFO sightings in the area 283 00:26:40,379 --> 00:26:43,655 and testimony from a retired Army colonel, 284 00:26:43,689 --> 00:26:48,034 who says he was given access to extraterrestrial materials 285 00:26:48,068 --> 00:26:50,448 gathered from an alien spacecraft 286 00:26:50,482 --> 00:26:53,655 that crashed in Roswell, New Mexico. 287 00:26:53,689 --> 00:26:58,758 Some believe that the government studies time travel at Area 51, 288 00:26:58,793 --> 00:27:01,758 also known as Groom Lake or Dreamland. 289 00:27:07,620 --> 00:27:12,862 The government has developed advanced aircraft and weapon systems 290 00:27:12,896 --> 00:27:19,206 at nearby Nellis Air Force Base, including stealth bombers and reconnaissance planes. 291 00:27:19,241 --> 00:27:25,103 And the government's official line that the details of Area 51 are classified 292 00:27:25,137 --> 00:27:30,103 for the purpose of national security is only seen as further proof 293 00:27:30,655 --> 00:27:35,620 that the military is hiding aliens or alien spacecraft. 294 00:27:41,068 --> 00:27:43,793 In the summer of 1955, 295 00:27:43,827 --> 00:27:49,586 sightings of unidentified flying objects were reported around Area 51. 296 00:27:49,965 --> 00:27:54,482 That's because the airbase had begun its testing of the U-2 aircraft. 297 00:27:54,862 --> 00:27:58,413 The U-2 can fly higher than 60,000 feet. 298 00:27:58,793 --> 00:28:04,206 At the time, normal airliners were flying in the ten to twenty thousand feet range, 299 00:28:04,620 --> 00:28:08,620 while military aircraft topped out at about 40,000 feet. 300 00:28:09,068 --> 00:28:14,310 So, if a pilot spotted the tiny speck that was the U-2 high above it, 301 00:28:14,344 --> 00:28:16,931 they would have no idea what it was 302 00:28:16,965 --> 00:28:21,620 and they would usually let air traffic control know that someone was out there. 303 00:28:25,793 --> 00:28:29,551 This led to the increase of UFO sightings in the area, 304 00:28:30,758 --> 00:28:35,482 while Air Force officials knew the UFO sightings were U-2 tests, 305 00:28:35,517 --> 00:28:37,551 they couldn't really tell the public. 306 00:28:37,586 --> 00:28:42,896 So, they explained the aircraft sightings by saying they were natural phenomenon 307 00:28:42,931 --> 00:28:45,620 and high-altitude weather research. 308 00:28:48,758 --> 00:28:53,068 The testing of the U-2 ended in the late 1950s, 309 00:28:53,103 --> 00:28:57,620 but Area 51 has continued to serve as the testing ground 310 00:28:57,655 --> 00:29:02,482 for many aircraft including the F-117A, 311 00:29:02,517 --> 00:29:05,068 the A-12 and the Tacit Blue. 312 00:29:05,896 --> 00:29:10,586 No one knows for sure what Area 51 is up to these days. 313 00:29:10,620 --> 00:29:15,034 The government never even publicly acknowledged the existence of the base 314 00:29:15,068 --> 00:29:16,620 until 2013, 315 00:29:16,655 --> 00:29:20,310 with the release of declassified CIA reports. 316 00:29:20,862 --> 00:29:23,862 But if you're ever at the Las Vegas Airport, 317 00:29:23,896 --> 00:29:27,758 keep an eye out for some small unmarked passenger planes 318 00:29:27,793 --> 00:29:29,344 in a fenced-off area. 319 00:29:29,896 --> 00:29:34,655 They're how Area 51 employees get to work from their homes in Vegas. 320 00:29:41,172 --> 00:29:45,206 So, how did Area 51 come to be known as a place 321 00:29:45,241 --> 00:29:48,724 where the government keeps aliens and alien saucers? 322 00:29:49,379 --> 00:29:50,931 Enter Bob Lazar. 323 00:29:53,206 --> 00:29:58,931 Lazar is primarily known for his time of being hired in the late 1980s 324 00:29:58,965 --> 00:30:06,241 to reverse-engineer purported extraterrestrial technology at a secret site called S-4, 325 00:30:06,275 --> 00:30:12,241 located several miles south of the Area 51 United States Air Force facility. 326 00:30:13,689 --> 00:30:19,965 Lazar claims he examined an alien craft that ran on an antimatter reactor 327 00:30:20,000 --> 00:30:24,551 powered by the then un-synthesized element 115. 328 00:30:25,344 --> 00:30:29,310 He also claims to have read US government briefing documents 329 00:30:29,344 --> 00:30:36,551 that described alien involvement in human affairs over the past 10,000 years. 330 00:30:38,862 --> 00:30:45,206 Lazar's claims resulted in bringing added public attention to Area 51. 331 00:30:45,758 --> 00:30:52,482 His story gained renewed attention due to a June the 20th 2019 interview with Joe Rogan 332 00:30:52,517 --> 00:30:56,551 as well as a 2018 documentary about his life 333 00:30:56,586 --> 00:31:01,482 entitled "Bob Lazar, Area 51 and Flying Saucers." 334 00:31:03,379 --> 00:31:05,862 [male narrator] In May of 1989, 335 00:31:05,896 --> 00:31:10,758 Lazar appeared in an interview with investigative reporter George Knapp 336 00:31:10,793 --> 00:31:13,896 on Las Vegas TV station KLAS, 337 00:31:13,931 --> 00:31:16,344 under the pseudo name Dennis 338 00:31:16,379 --> 00:31:21,931 and with his face hidden to discuss his purported employment at S-4, 339 00:31:21,965 --> 00:31:27,310 a subsidiary facility he claims exists near Area 51. 340 00:31:28,000 --> 00:31:31,344 He said the facility was adjacent to Papoose Lake 341 00:31:31,379 --> 00:31:36,413 which is located south of the main Area 51 facility at Groom Lake. 342 00:31:36,965 --> 00:31:43,103 He claimed the site consisted of concealed aircraft hangars built into a mountainside. 343 00:31:43,931 --> 00:31:48,344 Lazar said that his job was to help with the reverse engineering 344 00:31:48,379 --> 00:31:51,172 of one of nine flying saucers. 345 00:31:51,827 --> 00:31:57,137 Bob claims one of the flying saucers, the one he coined the Sport Model 346 00:31:57,172 --> 00:32:00,413 was manufactured out of a metallic substance 347 00:32:00,448 --> 00:32:04,275 similar in appearance and touch to stainless steel. 348 00:32:05,103 --> 00:32:11,827 In a subsequent interview that November, Lazar appeared unmasked and under his own name. 349 00:32:15,103 --> 00:32:19,206 Lazar claims that the propulsion of the studied vehicle 350 00:32:19,241 --> 00:32:24,482 was fueled by atomic element 115, or e 115. 351 00:32:25,000 --> 00:32:29,448 Lazar explained that e 115 generates a gravity wave. 352 00:32:30,793 --> 00:32:35,620 In addition, Lazar claims that during his onboarding to the program, 353 00:32:35,655 --> 00:32:39,896 he read briefing documents describing the historical involvement 354 00:32:39,931 --> 00:32:47,586 with earth for the past 10,000 years by extraterrestrial beings; grey aliens. 355 00:32:48,068 --> 00:32:54,206 These aliens are from a planet orbiting the twin binary star system Zeta Reticuli. 356 00:32:55,172 --> 00:33:00,344 Lazar's story garnered media attention and controversy as well as supporters. 357 00:33:01,068 --> 00:33:05,137 The scientific community however is skeptical of Lazar's claims 358 00:33:05,172 --> 00:33:10,172 as he makes them without any hard evidence or proof of what he is claiming. 359 00:33:12,000 --> 00:33:15,413 According to scientific skeptic Benjamin Radford, 360 00:33:15,448 --> 00:33:20,965 Lazar's lies propelled Area 51 into the public consciousness. 361 00:33:23,448 --> 00:33:27,965 Lazar claims he earned a Master's degree in physics from MIT 362 00:33:28,000 --> 00:33:32,068 and a Master's degree in electronic technology from Caltech. 363 00:33:32,103 --> 00:33:38,137 However, there are no records of Lazar attending either MIT or Caltech. 364 00:33:38,724 --> 00:33:42,793 Furthermore, Lazar was not a member of a professional body. 365 00:33:42,827 --> 00:33:46,793 Lazar claims that his academic records were erased 366 00:33:46,827 --> 00:33:50,000 in an effort by authorities to discredit him. 367 00:33:50,379 --> 00:33:55,448 However, in Lazar's defense, people have come forward and said they knew him 368 00:33:55,482 --> 00:34:01,137 from his days at MIT and Caltech and affirmed he did attend there. 369 00:34:05,000 --> 00:34:11,931 The subject of UFOs, Area 51 and aliens has entered the political spectrum as well. 370 00:34:12,482 --> 00:34:16,379 US Senator and Presidential Candidate Bernie Sanders 371 00:34:16,413 --> 00:34:22,758 has pledged to share any details about UFOs if he wins the 2020 election. 372 00:34:24,103 --> 00:34:27,965 He says he's prepared to disclose any government information 373 00:34:28,000 --> 00:34:30,275 about unidentified flying objects, 374 00:34:30,310 --> 00:34:35,620 but only if he wins, and mainly because his wife Jane asked him to; 375 00:34:35,655 --> 00:34:40,931 even promising he would announce the findings on the Joe Rogan podcast. 376 00:34:41,931 --> 00:34:46,275 Rogan asked if Jane was a UFO nut, which Sanders denied. 377 00:34:46,310 --> 00:34:50,448 Jane, however, has been pressing the candidate about what information 378 00:34:50,482 --> 00:34:53,413 he might have right now as a senator. 379 00:34:55,172 --> 00:35:00,896 It's unclear however, if the Republicans will push this issue into election headlines. 380 00:35:01,310 --> 00:35:07,413 [male narrator] In June, US President Donald Trump told ABC News's George Stephanopoulos 381 00:35:07,448 --> 00:35:13,068 that he also received a briefing about recent sightings by military pilots. 382 00:35:13,103 --> 00:35:17,689 Trump claims not to believe in UFOs or has no particular interest. 383 00:35:20,482 --> 00:35:23,068 Although this debate sounds like a rehash 384 00:35:23,103 --> 00:35:29,206 of conversations surrounding the 1950s and 60s' era Project Blue Book, 385 00:35:29,241 --> 00:35:31,793 it does have more recent origins. 386 00:35:35,931 --> 00:35:41,206 Earlier in the year, the New York Times reported that pilots with the US Navy 387 00:35:41,241 --> 00:35:48,310 saw swiftly flying UFOs several times off the coast in 2014 and 2015, 388 00:35:48,931 --> 00:35:54,137 but the reports of these vehicles don't necessarily point to something extraterrestrial. 389 00:35:55,620 --> 00:35:59,344 But there's been so much attention on the issue that in June, 390 00:35:59,379 --> 00:36:04,172 the Defense Department briefed Mark Warner, a Democrat from Virginia, 391 00:36:04,206 --> 00:36:07,068 the Senate's Intelligence Committee Vice-Chairman 392 00:36:07,103 --> 00:36:11,379 about these encounters along with two other senators. 393 00:36:12,931 --> 00:36:17,379 While we wait on party positions on space aliens for 2020, 394 00:36:17,413 --> 00:36:20,827 remember that this isn't the first time the issue popped up 395 00:36:20,862 --> 00:36:24,379 in talks with a Democrat presidential candidate. 396 00:36:25,241 --> 00:36:31,034 In 2016, Hillary Clinton promised New Hampshire's Conway Daily news, Sun 397 00:36:31,068 --> 00:36:35,034 that she would get to the bottom of the UFO phenomenon. 398 00:36:35,068 --> 00:36:41,034 She added that Earth may have been visited already by aliens, but we don't know for sure. 399 00:36:42,413 --> 00:36:47,551 However, it is unclear how seriously Clinton was speaking to the newspaper, 400 00:36:47,586 --> 00:36:51,827 which is located in a key state for the election primaries. 401 00:36:52,965 --> 00:36:56,931 Previous Presidents have alluded, sometimes tongue-in-cheek 402 00:36:56,965 --> 00:37:03,448 that aliens may exist and the government may have top-secret departments that study them, 403 00:37:04,068 --> 00:37:06,586 even with direct contact with aliens. 404 00:37:07,103 --> 00:37:12,344 So far there has not been any confirmation by any leader in the world 405 00:37:12,379 --> 00:37:14,241 that aliens are among us. 406 00:37:15,206 --> 00:37:23,103 UFO enthusiasts believe that Area 51 may be the home of the famous Majestic 12. 407 00:37:23,137 --> 00:37:29,827 The organization is claimed to be the codename of an alleged secret committee of scientists, 408 00:37:29,862 --> 00:37:34,965 military leaders, and government officials formed in 1947 409 00:37:35,000 --> 00:37:39,310 by an executive order by US President Harry S. Truman 410 00:37:39,344 --> 00:37:45,068 to facilitate recovery and investigation of alien spacecraft. 411 00:37:46,482 --> 00:37:52,482 The concept originated in a series of supposedly leaked secret documents 412 00:37:52,517 --> 00:37:56,517 first circulated by ufologists in 1984. 413 00:37:57,068 --> 00:38:01,034 Upon examination, the Federal Bureau of Investigation 414 00:38:01,068 --> 00:38:04,724 declared the documents to be completely bogus 415 00:38:05,206 --> 00:38:09,827 and many ufologists considered them to be an elaborate hoax. 416 00:38:11,137 --> 00:38:16,758 Majestic 12 remains popular among some UFO conspiracy theorists 417 00:38:16,793 --> 00:38:19,931 and the concept has appeared in popular culture 418 00:38:19,965 --> 00:38:23,241 including, television, film and literature. 419 00:38:26,931 --> 00:38:31,862 The concept of Majestic 12 emerged during a period in the 1980s 420 00:38:31,896 --> 00:38:37,448 when ufologists believed there had been a cover-up of the Roswell UFO incident 421 00:38:37,482 --> 00:38:44,448 and speculated some secretive upper tier of the United States government was responsible. 422 00:38:46,068 --> 00:38:50,379 Their suppositions appeared to be confirmed in 1984, 423 00:38:50,413 --> 00:38:56,379 when ufologist Jaime Shandera received an envelope containing film 424 00:38:56,413 --> 00:39:00,241 which when developed showed images of eight pages 425 00:39:00,275 --> 00:39:07,413 of documents that appeared to be briefing papers describing Operation Majestic 12. 426 00:39:08,655 --> 00:39:12,689 The documents purported to reveal a secret committee of 12, 427 00:39:13,103 --> 00:39:19,655 supposedly authorized by United States President Harry S. Truman in 1952, 428 00:39:19,689 --> 00:39:23,965 and explained how the crash of an alien spacecraft at Roswell 429 00:39:24,000 --> 00:39:28,275 in July of 1947 had been concealed, 430 00:39:28,310 --> 00:39:32,103 how the recovered alien technology could be exploited 431 00:39:32,137 --> 00:39:35,137 and how the United States should engage 432 00:39:35,172 --> 00:39:38,103 with extraterrestrial life in the future. 433 00:39:41,241 --> 00:39:46,344 Shandera and his ufologist colleagues Stanton T. Friedman and Bill Moore 434 00:39:46,379 --> 00:39:50,724 say they later received a series of anonymous messages 435 00:39:50,758 --> 00:39:55,551 that led them to find what has been called the Cutler/Twining memo 436 00:39:55,586 --> 00:40:00,689 in 1985 while searching declassified files in the National Archives. 437 00:40:01,620 --> 00:40:06,724 Purported to be written by President Eisenhower's assistant Robert Cutler 438 00:40:06,758 --> 00:40:12,517 to General Nathan F. Twining and containing a reference to Majestic 12, 439 00:40:12,551 --> 00:40:18,758 the memo is widely held to be a forgery, likely planted as part of a hoax. 440 00:40:20,724 --> 00:40:25,517 [male narrator] However, claiming to be connected to the United States Air Force Office 441 00:40:25,551 --> 00:40:32,034 of Special Investigations, a man named Richard Doty told filmmaker Linda Moulton Howe 442 00:40:32,068 --> 00:40:38,413 that the MJ-12 story was true, and showed Howe unspecified documents 443 00:40:38,448 --> 00:40:43,689 purporting to prove the existence of small, grey humanoid aliens 444 00:40:43,724 --> 00:40:47,724 originating from the Zeta Reticuli star system. 445 00:40:48,482 --> 00:40:53,758 Doty reportedly promised to supply Howe with film footage of UFOs 446 00:40:53,793 --> 00:40:59,620 and an interview with an alien being, although no footage ever materialized. 447 00:41:03,517 --> 00:41:10,068 Soon, distrust and suspicion led to disagreements within the ufology community 448 00:41:10,103 --> 00:41:14,000 over the authenticity of the MJ-12 documents, 449 00:41:14,034 --> 00:41:18,310 and Moore was accused of taking part in an elaborate hoax, 450 00:41:18,344 --> 00:41:22,689 while other ufologists and debunkers such as Philip J. Klass 451 00:41:23,206 --> 00:41:26,206 were accused of being disinformation agents. 452 00:41:28,172 --> 00:41:34,931 Both Bob Lazar and the MJ-12 documents say that aliens at Area 51 453 00:41:34,965 --> 00:41:38,517 come from the Zeta Reticuli star system. 454 00:41:39,241 --> 00:41:40,724 So, where is this system? 455 00:41:42,517 --> 00:41:47,793 The system is a wide binary star system in the southern constellation of reticulum. 456 00:41:48,137 --> 00:41:49,551 From the southern hemisphere, 457 00:41:49,586 --> 00:41:55,000 the pair can be seen as a naked-eye double star in very dark skies. 458 00:41:55,724 --> 00:41:58,034 Based upon parallax measurements, 459 00:41:58,068 --> 00:42:00,379 this system is located at a distance 460 00:42:00,413 --> 00:42:04,172 of about thirty-nine point three light-years from Earth. 461 00:42:04,896 --> 00:42:11,379 Both stars are solar analogs that have characteristics similar to those of our Sun. 462 00:42:11,931 --> 00:42:18,000 They belong to the Zeta Herculis Moving Group of stars that share a common origin. 463 00:42:20,000 --> 00:42:26,758 Scientists agree that any system within fifty light years could be reached with a spacecraft 464 00:42:26,793 --> 00:42:30,620 traveling just under the speed of light within one lifetime. 465 00:42:31,034 --> 00:42:36,000 So, as stars go, Zeta is rather close at thirty-nine light years away. 466 00:42:38,068 --> 00:42:41,241 Betty and Barney Hill were an American couple 467 00:42:41,275 --> 00:42:44,517 who claimed they were abducted by extraterrestrials 468 00:42:44,551 --> 00:42:47,517 in a rural portion of the state of New Hampshire 469 00:42:47,551 --> 00:42:52,034 from September 19th to September 20th 1961. 470 00:42:52,689 --> 00:42:59,172 It was the first widely publicized report of an alien abduction in the United States. 471 00:43:00,551 --> 00:43:07,344 The incident came to be called the Hill Abduction and the Zeta Reticuli Incident 472 00:43:07,379 --> 00:43:11,862 because the couple stated they had been kidnapped by aliens 473 00:43:11,896 --> 00:43:15,482 who claimed to be from the Zeta Reticuli system. 474 00:43:16,448 --> 00:43:22,620 Their story was adapted into a best-selling 1966 book, The Interrupted Journey 475 00:43:22,655 --> 00:43:27,068 and the 1975 television movie The UFO Incident. 476 00:43:27,724 --> 00:43:32,000 In September 2016, plans were announced to make a film 477 00:43:32,034 --> 00:43:35,000 based on the event with an unknown release date. 478 00:43:37,655 --> 00:43:43,241 The interesting thing though is that the Hills claim came in 1961, 479 00:43:44,103 --> 00:43:49,551 but it was in 1969 that Marjorie Fish discovered the system 480 00:43:49,586 --> 00:43:52,620 and the Hill map actually did exist. 481 00:43:53,482 --> 00:43:59,310 Marjorie Fish of Oak Harbor, Ohio read Fuller's Interrupted Journey. 482 00:43:59,724 --> 00:44:03,034 She was an elementary school teacher and amateur astronomer. 483 00:44:03,448 --> 00:44:07,068 Interested by the star map mentioned in the book, 484 00:44:07,655 --> 00:44:10,586 Fish wondered if it might be deciphered 485 00:44:10,620 --> 00:44:14,793 to determine which star system the UFO came from. 486 00:44:15,413 --> 00:44:20,551 Assuming that one of the fifteen stars on the map must represent Earth's Sun, 487 00:44:20,965 --> 00:44:26,103 Fish constructed a three-dimensional model of nearby sun-like stars 488 00:44:26,137 --> 00:44:28,103 using thread and beads, 489 00:44:28,137 --> 00:44:31,344 basing stellar distances on those published 490 00:44:31,379 --> 00:44:35,206 in the 1969 Gliese Star Catalogue. 491 00:44:35,931 --> 00:44:39,448 Studying thousands of vantage points over several years, 492 00:44:39,482 --> 00:44:42,551 the only one that seemed to match the Hill map 493 00:44:43,172 --> 00:44:48,275 was from the viewpoint of the double star system of Zeta Reticuli. 494 00:44:50,275 --> 00:44:52,482 Fish sent her analysis to Webb. 495 00:44:52,517 --> 00:44:56,517 Agreeing with her conclusions, Webb sent the map to Terence Dickinson, 496 00:44:56,551 --> 00:44:59,482 editor of the popular magazine Astronomy. 497 00:44:59,896 --> 00:45:03,206 Dickinson did not endorse Fish and Webb's conclusions, 498 00:45:03,241 --> 00:45:06,034 but for the first time in the journal's history, 499 00:45:06,068 --> 00:45:11,448 Astronomy invited comments and debate on a UFO report, 500 00:45:11,482 --> 00:45:16,448 starting with an opening article in the December 1974 issue. 501 00:45:20,068 --> 00:45:24,482 For about a year afterward, the opinions page of Astronomy 502 00:45:24,517 --> 00:45:28,137 carried arguments for and against Fish's star map. 503 00:45:28,724 --> 00:45:33,344 Notable was an argument made by Carl Sagan and Steven Soter, 504 00:45:33,379 --> 00:45:36,034 arguing that the seeming star map 505 00:45:36,068 --> 00:45:39,379 was little more than a random alignment of chance points. 506 00:45:40,103 --> 00:45:45,931 In an episode of Cosmos in 1980, Sagan demonstrated that without the lines 507 00:45:45,965 --> 00:45:51,586 drawn in the maps, the Hill map bore no resemblance to the real-life map. 508 00:45:52,137 --> 00:45:56,931 In contrast, those more favorable to the map, such as David Saunders, 509 00:45:56,965 --> 00:46:01,137 a statistician who had been on the Condon UFO study, 510 00:46:01,172 --> 00:46:05,655 argued that unusual alignment of key sun-like stars 511 00:46:05,689 --> 00:46:09,275 in a plane centered around Zeta Reticuli 512 00:46:09,310 --> 00:46:13,793 was statistically improbable to have happened by chance 513 00:46:13,827 --> 00:46:18,068 from a random group of stars in our immediate neighborhood. 514 00:46:20,379 --> 00:46:21,689 [male narrator] The hill case 515 00:46:21,724 --> 00:46:26,241 is one of the most heavily researched UFO cases on record 516 00:46:26,275 --> 00:46:28,482 and many points made by the Hills 517 00:46:28,517 --> 00:46:32,275 have been corroborated right after and since the abduction. 518 00:46:33,413 --> 00:46:37,379 Most of Betty Hills' notes, tapes, and other items 519 00:46:37,413 --> 00:46:39,896 have been placed in the permanent collection 520 00:46:39,931 --> 00:46:43,310 at the University of New Hampshire, her alma mater. 521 00:46:44,000 --> 00:46:48,724 In July 2011, the state Division of Historical Resources 522 00:46:48,758 --> 00:46:54,310 marked the site of the alleged craft's first approach with a historical marker. 523 00:46:56,413 --> 00:46:58,275 ♪♪♪ 524 00:47:49,413 --> 00:47:52,793 [male narrator] So, you want to storm Area 51? 525 00:47:53,482 --> 00:47:54,793 Where will you stay? 526 00:47:55,344 --> 00:47:56,586 How do you get to camp? 527 00:47:57,206 --> 00:47:59,206 There is not much in Rachel, Nevada 528 00:47:59,241 --> 00:48:02,517 by way of stores, hotels and frankly anything. 529 00:48:02,965 --> 00:48:07,206 The Little A'le' Inn, previously the Rachel Bar and Grill, 530 00:48:07,241 --> 00:48:11,103 is a small bar, restaurant, and motel located in Rachel 531 00:48:11,137 --> 00:48:13,793 along the Extra-Terrestrial Highway. 532 00:48:14,448 --> 00:48:16,931 The business has been running for over twenty years 533 00:48:16,965 --> 00:48:21,172 and is frequented by visitors to the local Area 51. 534 00:48:22,103 --> 00:48:27,931 The business has a variety of Area 51 and UFO-related merchandise for sale 535 00:48:27,965 --> 00:48:34,448 such as maps of the area, posters, postcards, and toys, and offers an alien burger. 536 00:48:34,482 --> 00:48:36,517 There isn't much else in Rachel. 537 00:48:37,620 --> 00:48:42,034 In 1991, Joe and Pat wanted something unique for the Bar & Grill 538 00:48:42,068 --> 00:48:46,275 because they felt that Joe and Pat's was not exciting enough. 539 00:48:46,310 --> 00:48:52,724 They held a contest won by Bruce Hooker with "A 'le' Inn" a play on alien. 540 00:48:53,413 --> 00:48:58,344 The current owners of the Little A'le' Inn are Pat and her daughter Connie. 541 00:48:58,965 --> 00:49:02,724 It has been featured in documentaries and even feature films. 542 00:49:03,379 --> 00:49:05,724 If you're wondering, it is usually booked 543 00:49:05,758 --> 00:49:09,448 with alien hunters for the Storm Area 51 event. 544 00:49:11,310 --> 00:49:14,655 You can get there by taking highway 375. 545 00:49:14,689 --> 00:49:21,034 The top-secret Area 51 government base is near SR 375 546 00:49:21,068 --> 00:49:24,689 and many travelers have reported UFO observations 547 00:49:24,724 --> 00:49:28,241 and other strange alien activity along this road. 548 00:49:29,103 --> 00:49:33,517 Such stories prompted the state to officially designate the route 549 00:49:33,551 --> 00:49:38,241 as the Extra-Terrestrial Highway in 1996. 550 00:49:38,275 --> 00:49:43,862 The small town of Rachel located near the midpoint of the highway caters to tourists, 551 00:49:43,896 --> 00:49:49,206 geocachers, and UFO seekers with alien-themed businesses. 552 00:49:51,172 --> 00:49:56,793 Although the area receives some tourism due to the alleged extraterrestrial activity, 553 00:49:56,827 --> 00:50:00,862 SR 375 remains a lightly traveled route. 554 00:50:01,862 --> 00:50:08,103 Descending the summit, SR 375 nears the border of the Nellis Air Force Range. 555 00:50:08,586 --> 00:50:15,172 As the highway heads northwest through Tikaboo Valley, it meets Mail Box Road. 556 00:50:16,000 --> 00:50:21,896 It used to be marked by a single postal drop known as the Black Mailbox. 557 00:50:21,931 --> 00:50:27,965 The dirt access road leads to the restricted lands surrounding Area 51. 558 00:50:28,551 --> 00:50:31,896 The original mailbox was a normal black mailbox. 559 00:50:31,931 --> 00:50:35,034 However, due to people constantly sifting through it, 560 00:50:35,068 --> 00:50:39,000 it was replaced with a white one that was much more secure. 561 00:50:41,000 --> 00:50:43,896 The name Black Mailbox still stuck. 562 00:50:44,275 --> 00:50:48,965 It was commonly used as a gathering place for UFO seekers, 563 00:50:49,000 --> 00:50:53,724 and two to three UFO sightings per week allegedly occur in the area. 564 00:50:54,344 --> 00:50:59,931 The mailbox was removed by its owner, Steve Medlin, due to continued vandalism. 565 00:51:08,793 --> 00:51:13,758 SR 375 continues heading northwest from the mailbox, 566 00:51:13,793 --> 00:51:21,206 climbing in elevation again to reach the top of Coyote Summit at 5,591 feet. 567 00:51:24,103 --> 00:51:28,103 To promote the Extraterrestrial Highway after its renaming, 568 00:51:28,137 --> 00:51:34,379 the tourism commission launched "The ET Experience" in July 1996. 569 00:51:34,931 --> 00:51:40,793 Tourists could contact the Nevada Commission on Tourism to receive a traveler's kit 570 00:51:40,827 --> 00:51:46,931 containing information about the highway, nearby cultural attractions and area services. 571 00:51:47,413 --> 00:51:52,034 Visitors that patronized businesses in Rachel and Central Nevada 572 00:51:52,068 --> 00:51:54,793 and submitted an account of their journey 573 00:51:54,827 --> 00:51:58,482 received Extraterrestrial Highway memorabilia. 574 00:51:59,413 --> 00:52:03,344 Stories from travelers were also published in a newsletter 575 00:52:03,379 --> 00:52:06,758 available to those that had completed the experience. 576 00:52:07,310 --> 00:52:12,379 Despite tourism generated by people searching for signs of alien life, 577 00:52:12,413 --> 00:52:17,379 only an average of about two hundred cars drive some portion 578 00:52:17,413 --> 00:52:24,827 of the Extraterrestrial Highway every day, making it one of the state's least traveled routes. 579 00:52:32,586 --> 00:52:38,413 [male narrator] You can't talk about Area 51 without at least a mention of Roswell. 580 00:52:39,275 --> 00:52:44,586 After all, the Roswell UFO is said to be hidden away in Area 51. 581 00:52:45,931 --> 00:52:53,620 In 1978, nuclear physicist and author Stanton Friedman interviewed Jesse Marcel, 582 00:52:53,655 --> 00:52:57,517 the only person known to have accompanied the Roswell debris 583 00:52:57,551 --> 00:53:00,517 from where it was recovered to Fort Worth 584 00:53:00,551 --> 00:53:05,448 where reporters saw material which was claimed to be part of the recovered object. 585 00:53:06,068 --> 00:53:10,137 The accounts given by Friedman and others in the following years 586 00:53:10,172 --> 00:53:13,551 elevated Roswell from a forgotten incident 587 00:53:13,586 --> 00:53:18,517 to perhaps the most famous UFO case of all time. 588 00:53:23,448 --> 00:53:28,931 The story of Roswell has evolved since the first book published in 1980, 589 00:53:28,965 --> 00:53:34,000 and an appearance by Jesse Marcel on the TV program "In Search Of." 590 00:53:34,793 --> 00:53:39,965 Today, Roswell is a UFO fixture with an annual festival in July 591 00:53:40,000 --> 00:53:44,137 where UFO researchers give talks, and there is a parade 592 00:53:44,172 --> 00:53:48,344 which brings in much-needed income to a small desert town. 593 00:53:49,586 --> 00:53:53,793 Rachel, Nevada must be looking on with envious eyes 594 00:53:53,827 --> 00:53:58,896 at the stature this little town has garnered since the UFO stories broke. 595 00:53:59,551 --> 00:54:05,931 Perhaps the Storm Area51 event will bring in as much tourism. 596 00:54:17,206 --> 00:54:23,379 Storming Area51 looks to become something like the Burning Man event in Nevada. 597 00:54:23,965 --> 00:54:27,862 Organizers are hoping it will grow and become part festival 598 00:54:27,896 --> 00:54:32,172 with bands and attractions and part liberal event for art. 599 00:54:33,758 --> 00:54:40,206 Burning Man is an event held annually in the western United States at Black Rock City, 600 00:54:40,241 --> 00:54:45,137 a temporary city erected in the Black Rock Desert of Northwest Nevada, 601 00:54:45,172 --> 00:54:49,137 approximately one hundred miles north-northeast of Reno. 602 00:54:50,275 --> 00:54:54,620 The late summer event is an experiment in community and art, 603 00:54:55,000 --> 00:54:57,689 influenced by ten main principles: 604 00:54:58,137 --> 00:55:01,551 radical inclusion, radical self-reliance, 605 00:55:01,586 --> 00:55:03,551 radical self-expression, 606 00:55:03,586 --> 00:55:07,172 communal effort, civic responsibility, 607 00:55:07,206 --> 00:55:12,551 gifting, participation, immediacy, and Leave No Trace. 608 00:55:14,517 --> 00:55:17,965 The event takes its name from its culmination, 609 00:55:18,000 --> 00:55:21,827 the symbolic ritual burning of a large wooden effigy; 610 00:55:21,862 --> 00:55:27,620 the man that traditionally occurs on the Saturday evening of the event. 611 00:55:29,655 --> 00:55:35,620 First held thirty-three years ago in 1986 on Baker's Beach in San Francisco 612 00:55:35,655 --> 00:55:42,896 as a small function organized by Larry Harvey and Jerry James who built the first man. 613 00:55:42,931 --> 00:55:47,275 It has since been annually spanning from the last Sunday in August 614 00:55:47,310 --> 00:55:50,517 to the first Monday in September, or Labor Day. 615 00:55:57,724 --> 00:56:03,931 At Burning Man, the community explores various forms of artistic self-expression, 616 00:56:03,965 --> 00:56:07,413 which are created to be enjoyed by all participants. 617 00:56:07,965 --> 00:56:14,344 Once considered an underground gathering for Bohemians and free spirits of all stripes, 618 00:56:14,379 --> 00:56:20,586 Burning Man has since evolved into a destination for social media influencers, 619 00:56:20,620 --> 00:56:23,862 celebrities, and the Silicon Valley elite. 620 00:56:34,000 --> 00:56:39,000 Examples of creativity include experimental and interactive sculptures, 621 00:56:39,034 --> 00:56:44,000 buildings, performances and art cars, among other media. 622 00:56:44,724 --> 00:56:50,034 These contributions are inspired by a theme that is chosen annually by the organizers. 623 00:56:51,206 --> 00:56:58,896 Burning Man boasts 70,000 attendees and has spawned other similar events worldwide. 624 00:57:09,931 --> 00:57:13,862 Storming Area51 from the perspective of the military 625 00:57:13,896 --> 00:57:19,137 has always been a stern report: don't try to storm our base. 626 00:57:19,172 --> 00:57:25,034 Area 51 and the government is well aware of the event that is unfolding 627 00:57:25,068 --> 00:57:31,965 and will be diligent against anyone who tries to cross the border into Area 51. 628 00:57:38,551 --> 00:57:43,655 On July 10th 2019, speaking with the Washington Post, 629 00:57:43,689 --> 00:57:47,275 Air Force spokeswoman Laura McAndrews said 630 00:57:47,310 --> 00:57:52,103 officials were aware of the event and issued a warning saying, 631 00:57:52,137 --> 00:57:57,448 "Area 51 is an open training range for the US Air Force 632 00:57:57,482 --> 00:58:02,379 and we would discourage anyone from trying to come into the area 633 00:58:02,413 --> 00:58:05,344 where we train American armed forces." 634 00:58:05,896 --> 00:58:08,517 She added, "The US Air Force 635 00:58:08,551 --> 00:58:13,931 always stands ready to protect America and its assets." 636 00:58:21,068 --> 00:58:24,413 This is of course, the "We will shoot you statement." 637 00:58:25,310 --> 00:58:30,241 Anonymous Nevadan law enforcement officials have said government agencies 638 00:58:30,275 --> 00:58:34,758 are closely monitoring the reaction to the post saying, 639 00:58:34,793 --> 00:58:38,310 "Anyone found trespassing would be arrested 640 00:58:38,344 --> 00:58:43,965 and prosecuted to the fullest extent of local and military law." 641 00:58:46,172 --> 00:58:51,793 A public information officer at Nellis Air Force Base told KNPR 642 00:58:51,827 --> 00:58:57,965 that any attempt to illegally access the area is highly discouraged. 643 00:58:59,931 --> 00:59:03,758 Signs at the border of the base clearly say 644 00:59:03,793 --> 00:59:09,931 that lethal force is authorized, meaning, they can shoot you. 645 00:59:10,482 --> 00:59:15,379 Most likely you would be arrested and detained, perhaps for days. 646 00:59:15,413 --> 00:59:17,689 You will have no legal recourse. 647 00:59:18,103 --> 00:59:22,620 If they truly believe you are a threat, you can be incarcerated. 648 00:59:24,103 --> 00:59:31,689 But if a wave of people truly tried to storm the base, you can bet there will be gunfire. 649 00:59:49,689 --> 00:59:56,482 The camo dudes that protect the base are armed and authorized to shoot you. 650 01:00:14,275 --> 01:00:19,586 However, if you want to have a good time and get in some desert camping, 651 01:00:19,620 --> 01:00:25,000 enjoy some music and talk about UFOs with fellow event participants. 652 01:00:25,034 --> 01:00:31,793 This grassroots festival may just be the perfect place to have some fun. 653 01:00:32,275 --> 01:00:33,620 Just remember, 654 01:00:34,275 --> 01:00:37,655 don't storm Area 51. 655 01:00:37,689 --> 01:00:39,448 ♪♪♪ 656 01:00:52,172 --> 01:00:54,379 [man] Ten, nine, 657 01:00:54,413 --> 01:00:56,000 ignition sequence start. 658 01:00:56,620 --> 01:00:59,034 Six, five, four, 659 01:00:59,068 --> 01:01:03,275 three, two, one, zero. 660 01:01:03,310 --> 01:01:04,620 [explosion] 66169

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