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00:00:05,655 --> 00:00:07,344
♪♪♪
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00:00:20,206 --> 00:00:24,620
[male narrator] Area 51
is located in the southern
portion of Nevada,
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00:00:24,655 --> 00:00:26,896
in the western United States,
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00:00:26,931 --> 00:00:30,275
eighty-three miles north
northwest of Las Vegas.
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00:00:30,689 --> 00:00:35,206
It is a highly classified
United States Air Force facility
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00:00:35,241 --> 00:00:38,620
located within the Nevada
Test and Training Range.
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00:00:39,275 --> 00:00:44,724
It is an area roughly
twenty-five miles of restricted
airspace and is heavily guarded.
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00:00:45,172 --> 00:00:48,379
The perimeter of the base is
marked out by orange posts
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00:00:48,827 --> 00:00:53,413
and patrolled by guards
in white pickup trucks
and camouflage fatigues.
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00:00:54,413 --> 00:00:59,275
Technology is also
heavily used to maintain
the border of the base.
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00:00:59,310 --> 00:01:03,000
This includes surveillance
cameras and motion detectors.
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00:01:03,413 --> 00:01:08,413
It is one of the most secure
bases within the United States,
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00:01:08,448 --> 00:01:13,310
and if you go beyond the
perimeter, they will kill you.
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00:01:16,000 --> 00:01:17,482
♪♪♪
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00:01:33,689 --> 00:01:35,517
[electronic sounds]
16
00:01:37,896 --> 00:01:40,034
[voices on radio]
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00:02:19,931 --> 00:02:24,034
[male narrator] The origin of
the name Area 51 is unclear.
18
00:02:24,068 --> 00:02:28,448
It is believed to be from
an Atomic Energy
Commission numbering grid.
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00:02:28,482 --> 00:02:34,068
Although Area 51 is
not part of that system,
it is adjacent to area 15.
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00:02:35,517 --> 00:02:38,758
Another explanation
is that 51 was used
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00:02:38,793 --> 00:02:42,827
because it was unlikely
that the AEC would
use the number.
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00:02:43,965 --> 00:02:48,896
According to the Central
Intelligence Agency, the correct
names for the facility
23
00:02:48,931 --> 00:02:52,068
are Homey Airport
and Groom Lake,
24
00:02:52,103 --> 00:02:58,379
though the name Area 51
was used in a CIA document
from the Vietnam War.
25
00:03:01,206 --> 00:03:05,034
The facility has also been
referred to as Dreamland
26
00:03:05,068 --> 00:03:08,793
and Paradise Ranch
among other nicknames.
27
00:03:09,448 --> 00:03:14,034
The United States Air
Force public relations
has referred to the facility
28
00:03:14,068 --> 00:03:18,172
as "an operating location
near Groom Dry Lake."
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00:03:18,586 --> 00:03:26,172
The special use airspace around
the field is referred to as
restricted area 4808 North.
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00:03:27,896 --> 00:03:32,655
Area 51 has become a focus
of modern conspiracy theories
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00:03:32,689 --> 00:03:38,275
due to its secretive nature
and connection to classified
aircraft research.
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00:03:38,931 --> 00:03:40,551
Theories include:
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00:03:40,586 --> 00:03:46,379
The storage, examination,
and reverse engineering
of crashed alien spacecraft,
34
00:03:46,413 --> 00:03:50,068
including material supposedly
recovered at Roswell,
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00:03:50,103 --> 00:03:57,068
the study of their occupants
and the manufacture of aircraft
based on alien technology.
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00:04:09,137 --> 00:04:13,241
Meetings or joint undertakings
with extraterrestrials.
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00:04:17,241 --> 00:04:22,034
The development of exotic
energy weapons for
the Strategic Defense Initiative
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00:04:22,068 --> 00:04:23,965
or other weapons programs.
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00:04:27,068 --> 00:04:29,068
The development
of weather control.
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00:04:29,655 --> 00:04:33,689
The development of time travel
and teleportation technology.
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00:04:34,448 --> 00:04:39,689
The development of exotic
propulsion systems related
to the Aurora Program.
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00:04:40,275 --> 00:04:47,275
Activities related to a shadowy
one-world government or the
Majestic 12 organization.
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00:04:48,724 --> 00:04:54,724
Many of the hypotheses
concern underground facilities
at Groom or Papoose Lake
44
00:04:56,827 --> 00:05:01,551
and include claims
of a transcontinental
underground railroad system,
45
00:05:04,103 --> 00:05:09,655
a disappearing airstrip named
the Cheshire Airstrip after
Lewis Carroll's Cheshire cat,
46
00:05:09,689 --> 00:05:14,379
which briefly appears when
water is sprayed onto
its camouflaged asphalt,
47
00:05:14,413 --> 00:05:17,586
and engineering
based on alien technology.
48
00:05:19,000 --> 00:05:24,655
In the mid-1950s, civilian
aircraft flew under 20,000 feet
49
00:05:24,689 --> 00:05:28,689
while military aircraft
flew over 40,000 feet.
50
00:05:29,068 --> 00:05:32,517
The U-2 began flying
at about 60,000 feet
51
00:05:32,551 --> 00:05:36,896
and there was an increased
number of UFO sighting reports.
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00:05:37,379 --> 00:05:40,896
Sightings occurred most often
during early evening hours,
53
00:05:40,931 --> 00:05:47,241
when airline pilots flying
west saw the U-2's silver
wings reflect the sun,
54
00:05:47,275 --> 00:05:50,172
giving the aircraft
a fiery appearance.
55
00:05:52,586 --> 00:05:58,517
Many sighting reports came to
the Air Force Project Blue Book
which investigated UFO sightings
56
00:05:58,896 --> 00:06:02,379
through air traffic controllers
and letters to the government.
57
00:06:02,413 --> 00:06:06,586
The project checked U-2 and
later OXCART flight records
58
00:06:06,620 --> 00:06:12,655
to eliminate the majority of
UFO reports that it received
during the late 50s and 60s,
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00:06:12,689 --> 00:06:17,827
although it could not reveal
to the letter writers the truth
behind what they saw.
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00:06:19,172 --> 00:06:25,827
They believed that the rumors
helped maintain secrecy over
Area 51's actual operations.
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00:06:25,862 --> 00:06:30,517
The veterans deny
the existence of a vast
underground railroad system,
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00:06:30,551 --> 00:06:35,172
although many of Area
51's operations did
occur underground.
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00:06:40,655 --> 00:06:45,310
The modern history of Area
51 is a place for UFOs
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00:06:45,344 --> 00:06:49,965
and extraterrestrial activity
began in the 1980s.
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00:06:51,241 --> 00:06:58,310
Bob Lazar claimed in 1989
that he had worked at
Area 51's sector 4,
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00:06:58,344 --> 00:07:03,931
said to be located
underground inside the Papoose
range near Papoose Lake.
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00:07:04,793 --> 00:07:09,344
He claimed that he was
contracted to work
with alien spacecraft
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00:07:09,379 --> 00:07:11,896
that the government
had in its possession.
69
00:07:13,103 --> 00:07:18,965
Similarly, in 1996 a
documentary, Dreamland,
directed by Bruce Burgess
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00:07:19,000 --> 00:07:23,275
included an interview
with a seventy-one-year
old mechanical engineer,
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00:07:23,310 --> 00:07:28,379
who claimed to be a former
employee of Area 51
during the 50s.
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00:07:29,275 --> 00:07:34,724
His claims include
that he had worked
on a flying disc simulator
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00:07:34,758 --> 00:07:40,448
which had been based
on a disc originating from a
crashed extraterrestrial craft
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00:07:40,482 --> 00:07:42,620
and was used to train pilots.
75
00:07:43,586 --> 00:07:47,379
He also claimed to have worked
with an extraterrestrial being
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00:07:47,413 --> 00:07:52,137
named Jarod and described
as a telepathic translator.
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00:07:57,448 --> 00:08:04,034
In 2004, Dan Crain claimed
to have worked on
cloning alien viruses
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00:08:04,068 --> 00:08:09,103
at Area 51, also alongside
the alien named Jarod.
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00:08:09,827 --> 00:08:14,275
Crain's scholarly credentials
are the subject of much debate,
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00:08:14,310 --> 00:08:19,517
as he was apparently
working as a Las Vegas
parole officer in 1989,
81
00:08:19,551 --> 00:08:23,862
while also earning a PhD at
State University of New York.
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00:08:28,551 --> 00:08:34,655
In July 2019, two million people
responded to a joke proposal
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00:08:34,689 --> 00:08:40,448
to storm Area 51 which appeared
in an anonymous Facebook post.
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00:08:42,034 --> 00:08:45,103
Many people said that they
were interested in the event
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00:08:45,137 --> 00:08:48,344
scheduled for the 20th
of September 2019,
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00:08:48,379 --> 00:08:56,034
and billed as "Storm Area 51,
They Can't Stop All of Us",
an attempt to see them aliens.
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00:08:57,310 --> 00:08:59,896
Air Force spokeswoman
Lauren McAndrews
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00:08:59,931 --> 00:09:03,034
said government officials
knew about the proposal.
89
00:09:03,068 --> 00:09:09,551
In a statement to the
Washington Post, she said Area
51 is an open training range
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00:09:09,586 --> 00:09:15,034
for the US Air Force and we
would discourage anyone from
trying to come into the area
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00:09:15,068 --> 00:09:17,827
where we train
American armed forces.
92
00:09:18,344 --> 00:09:23,517
The US Air Force always
stands ready to protect
America and its assets.
93
00:09:24,586 --> 00:09:27,724
The media reported that
the proposal's creator
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00:09:27,758 --> 00:09:31,448
had said it was satirical
and meant as a joke.
95
00:09:32,620 --> 00:09:38,137
Joke or no joke, it caught
the attention of UFO buffs
and even entertainers.
96
00:09:38,172 --> 00:09:42,275
Many pledged to rush the base
in an attempt to get inside
97
00:09:42,310 --> 00:09:44,931
and see what all the
secret fuss was about.
98
00:09:46,103 --> 00:09:49,586
After memes and the Facebook
account had been posted
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00:09:49,620 --> 00:09:52,000
thousands of times
on the internet,
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00:09:52,034 --> 00:09:58,034
local businesses were
besieged with people showing up
well before the September event.
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00:09:58,551 --> 00:10:03,689
Some local businesses
saw the potential for cashing
in on all the tourist activity,
102
00:10:03,724 --> 00:10:08,931
and began to arrange
outdoor events, concerts
and more for the occasion.
103
00:10:11,896 --> 00:10:17,482
Matty Roberts created
the event on Facebook
On June 27th as a joke,
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00:10:17,517 --> 00:10:21,000
not imagining the viral spread
the event would receive.
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00:10:21,517 --> 00:10:25,068
The event planned for the
raid in Amargosa Valley
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00:10:26,137 --> 00:10:31,103
from 3 am. to 6 am.
on September 20th, 2019.
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00:10:32,034 --> 00:10:37,517
The Facebook event writes,
"If we run, we can move
faster than their bullets.
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00:10:37,551 --> 00:10:39,137
Let's see them aliens."
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00:10:50,931 --> 00:10:55,862
Robert said the event had
around forty signatures three
days into the event's list date
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00:10:55,896 --> 00:10:57,896
and then suddenly went viral.
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00:10:58,586 --> 00:11:05,482
The meme possibly spread first
on the app TikTok as well as
Reddit and Instagram later.
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00:11:06,620 --> 00:11:11,724
The Facebook page
for the event is filled with
thousands of satirical posts
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00:11:11,758 --> 00:11:15,758
discussing the best way
to break into Area 51.
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00:11:16,724 --> 00:11:19,275
After the viral spread
of the meme,
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00:11:19,310 --> 00:11:23,724
Roberts was worried
that he would receive
a visit from the FBI.
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00:11:24,310 --> 00:11:28,206
The event received
1.6 million going,
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00:11:28,241 --> 00:11:34,241
and another 1.2 million
interested signatures
as of July the 18th.
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00:11:34,896 --> 00:11:38,965
He had to take the event
offline as of July 20th.
119
00:11:41,413 --> 00:11:46,068
Copycat events such as plans
to storm a genealogical vault
120
00:11:46,103 --> 00:11:49,413
of the Church of Jesus Christ
of Latter-day Saints,
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00:11:49,448 --> 00:11:53,655
Loch Ness and the Bermuda
Triangle have also been created.
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00:11:54,896 --> 00:11:57,034
Business owners
in Rachel, Nevada,
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00:11:57,068 --> 00:12:01,000
a town of just fifty-six people
just outside of the base
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00:12:01,034 --> 00:12:05,517
have made preparations
for visitors who want
to go to Area 51.
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00:12:06,034 --> 00:12:11,137
Connie West, co-owner
of the Little Ale'Inn
restaurant and inn,
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00:12:11,172 --> 00:12:17,862
has had all thirteen rooms
of the inn booked, and plans to
open up thirty acres for camping
127
00:12:17,896 --> 00:12:20,517
and create merchandise
for the event.
128
00:12:21,034 --> 00:12:24,413
Las Vegas businessman
George Harris has hired bands
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00:12:24,448 --> 00:12:27,965
to play at an annual
festival called The Swarm.
130
00:12:28,620 --> 00:12:35,620
Matty Roberts has also expressed
interest in a music festival to
be made outside of Area 51.
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00:12:36,344 --> 00:12:41,310
Cosmic Kay, owner of the shop
Aliens R Us in Boulder City,
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00:12:41,344 --> 00:12:47,103
says that even though the
shop is one hundred seventy
miles away from Area 51,
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00:12:47,137 --> 00:12:52,206
business has increased due
to fascination regarding aliens.
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00:12:54,862 --> 00:12:59,034
Everyone involved believes this
will become an annual event
135
00:12:59,068 --> 00:13:01,655
much like the famed
Burning Man event
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00:13:01,689 --> 00:13:04,551
in Black Rock Desert
of Northwest, Nevada.
137
00:13:06,896 --> 00:13:12,172
Other businesses around the
nation have based products
and services on this event.
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00:13:12,586 --> 00:13:18,000
A collection of merchandise
related to the event from
online retailers was launched.
139
00:13:18,482 --> 00:13:23,103
Bud Light plans
to release a promotional
alien-themed beer label
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00:13:23,137 --> 00:13:27,275
and promised a free beer
to any alien that makes it out
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00:13:27,689 --> 00:13:32,241
as long as a tweet with the
new design gets fifty-one
thousand retweets.
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00:13:32,827 --> 00:13:38,275
Fast food restaurant Arby's has
planned to deliver food with a
special menu to the event.
143
00:13:39,068 --> 00:13:46,310
The UFO store has even released
an entire promotional DVD
package based upon the event.
144
00:13:48,068 --> 00:13:55,862
Area 51 has been the subject
of conspiracy theories regarding
aliens since the 1950s,
145
00:13:55,896 --> 00:14:01,379
when some individuals
reported seeing UFOs
at the location of the base
146
00:14:01,413 --> 00:14:07,448
around the time the military
started flying CIA U-2
spy planes in the area.
147
00:14:08,724 --> 00:14:13,448
The CIA declassified documents
related to Area 51
148
00:14:13,482 --> 00:14:17,413
and recognized
its existence in 2013.
149
00:14:17,448 --> 00:14:22,586
Up until then, the government
had denied even the
existence of the base,
150
00:14:22,620 --> 00:14:26,000
though it could be clearly seen
from an area mountaintop.
151
00:14:27,551 --> 00:14:35,241
Conspiracy theorists believe
aliens, UFOs, or secrets related
to them are stored at Area 51.
152
00:14:36,034 --> 00:14:41,482
In June 2019, the Pentagon
provided a briefing on UFOs
153
00:14:41,517 --> 00:14:45,103
encountered by Navy pilots
to members of Congress.
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00:14:45,517 --> 00:14:51,793
That same month, US President
Donald Trump said he had
also been briefed on UFOs.
155
00:14:53,241 --> 00:14:59,034
Prior to these events in 2019,
the government had also
been forced to admit
156
00:14:59,068 --> 00:15:04,172
they did indeed
have a UFO program
based out of the Pentagon.
157
00:15:04,758 --> 00:15:07,275
The program
code-named A.A.T.I.P.
158
00:15:07,310 --> 00:15:11,517
or the Advanced Aerial
Threat Identification Program.
159
00:15:12,586 --> 00:15:18,724
The program began in 2007
with funding of 22 million
over the five years,
160
00:15:18,758 --> 00:15:22,517
until available appropriations
were ended in 2012.
161
00:15:24,379 --> 00:15:28,965
This program began in the US
Defense Intelligence Agency,
162
00:15:29,000 --> 00:15:32,551
although the official A.A.T.I.P.
program has ended,
163
00:15:32,586 --> 00:15:37,344
a related group of
interested professionals
have extended the effort,
164
00:15:37,379 --> 00:15:40,413
funding a nonprofit
organization called
165
00:15:40,827 --> 00:15:43,517
"To The Stars...
Academy of Arts and Science."
166
00:15:44,241 --> 00:15:49,103
Many who worked at A.A.T.I.P.
say officially the
program has ended,
167
00:15:49,137 --> 00:15:53,310
but it is still receiving
funding and is continuing.
168
00:16:04,896 --> 00:16:07,448
[male narrator] On
May 22nd 2019,
169
00:16:07,482 --> 00:16:12,034
Pentagon spokesman
Christopher Sherwood confirmed
to the New York Post
170
00:16:12,068 --> 00:16:19,448
that the program did pursue
research and investigation into
unidentified aerial phenomena,
171
00:16:19,482 --> 00:16:24,793
dispelling rumors that the
program only focused
on theoretical physics.
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00:16:24,827 --> 00:16:31,344
The program manager,
Luis Elizondo, said on
December 19th, 2017
173
00:16:31,379 --> 00:16:36,068
that he believed there was
very compelling evidence
we are not alone.
174
00:16:39,068 --> 00:16:45,931
The Storm Area 51 Event
took a turn on the first
weekend in August of 2019.
175
00:16:46,586 --> 00:16:52,965
Just as the hype seemed to
have calmed down, over two
million UFO enthusiasts
176
00:16:53,000 --> 00:16:59,000
found their Area 51
meme filled page suddenly
blocked by Facebook,
177
00:16:59,034 --> 00:17:04,551
under the pretext of
ever-elusive, community
standards violations.
178
00:17:05,793 --> 00:17:11,103
Spooked by the high volume
of attendees, worried about
the Las Vegas strip clubs
179
00:17:11,137 --> 00:17:14,689
pledge to bring its dancers
to entertain the masses,
180
00:17:14,724 --> 00:17:19,517
or offended by one
of the thousand memes
posted by the community,
181
00:17:19,551 --> 00:17:21,758
Facebook abruptly removed
182
00:17:21,793 --> 00:17:27,482
the "Storm Area 51 -
They Can't Stop Us All" event
page over the weekend.
183
00:17:28,310 --> 00:17:33,172
The backup page set up by the
organizers was also wiped out
184
00:17:33,206 --> 00:17:36,965
as the social media giant
found the content posted
185
00:17:37,000 --> 00:17:41,896
to this event to be in violation
of their community standards.
186
00:17:43,310 --> 00:17:48,275
Frustrated would-be raiders
regrouped on reddit
to share their theories,
187
00:17:48,310 --> 00:17:52,931
while others continue to flood
Twitter with Area 51 memes.
188
00:17:53,344 --> 00:17:57,379
Many agreed that Facebook
CEO, Mark Zuckerberg
189
00:17:57,413 --> 00:18:03,586
is secretly an alien
from Area 51 and he
doesn't want us to know.
190
00:18:04,551 --> 00:18:10,000
Many questioned if the
government had threatened
Facebook or other online sites.
191
00:18:10,655 --> 00:18:15,931
The hysteria over aliens
at Area 51 only grew.
192
00:18:16,689 --> 00:18:24,344
It seemed several were not
willing to give up and were
determined to storm Area 51.
193
00:18:41,034 --> 00:18:44,034
After starting the Facebook
event as a joke,
194
00:18:44,068 --> 00:18:49,655
Matthew Roberts now
planned an actual Area 51
festival in Nevada
195
00:18:49,689 --> 00:18:54,896
to take place September
20th, the day the raid
was going to go down.
196
00:18:55,344 --> 00:19:00,275
He says he created
another Facebook event
this time for the real festival
197
00:19:00,310 --> 00:19:05,724
that would take place
somewhere that's not a
highly classified military base,
198
00:19:05,758 --> 00:19:09,724
but this too was taken down
by the social network.
199
00:19:11,344 --> 00:19:14,068
Perhaps it was
for public safety,
200
00:19:14,103 --> 00:19:17,758
or the government
instructed Facebook
to remove the site.
201
00:19:18,137 --> 00:19:23,448
Either way this only encouraged
event promoters to push forward.
202
00:19:25,758 --> 00:19:28,793
The intense secrecy
surrounding the base
203
00:19:28,827 --> 00:19:32,344
has made it the frequent subject
of conspiracy theories,
204
00:19:32,379 --> 00:19:37,137
and a central
component to unidentified
flying object folklore.
205
00:19:37,689 --> 00:19:40,724
The base has never been
declared a secret base,
206
00:19:40,758 --> 00:19:46,344
but all research and
occurrences in Area 51
are top-secret, sensitive,
207
00:19:46,379 --> 00:19:48,758
compartmentalized information.
208
00:19:49,827 --> 00:19:54,586
The CIA publicly acknowledged
the existence of the base
for the first time
209
00:19:54,620 --> 00:20:00,344
on the 25th of June 2013,
following a Freedom of
Information Act request
210
00:20:00,379 --> 00:20:02,896
filed in 2005,
211
00:20:02,931 --> 00:20:09,034
and they declassified
documents detailing the history
and purpose of Area 51.
212
00:20:09,689 --> 00:20:13,551
Of course, there were
no mentions of aliens.
213
00:20:18,689 --> 00:20:22,827
The lakebed made an ideal
strip for testing aircraft
214
00:20:22,862 --> 00:20:25,172
and the Emigrant Valley's
mountain ranges
215
00:20:25,206 --> 00:20:29,103
and the NTS perimeter protected
this site from visitors,
216
00:20:29,137 --> 00:20:32,000
about 100 miles
north of Las Vegas.
217
00:20:32,482 --> 00:20:39,896
The CIA asked the AEC to
acquire the land designated
Area 51 on the map,
218
00:20:39,931 --> 00:20:42,793
and to add it to the
Nevada Test Site.
219
00:20:43,413 --> 00:20:46,793
[male narrator] President
Johnson named the
area Paradise Ranch
220
00:20:46,827 --> 00:20:52,103
to encourage workers to move
to "the new facility in the
middle of nowhere",
221
00:20:52,137 --> 00:20:58,241
as the CIA later
described it, and the name
became shortened to The Ranch.
222
00:20:58,827 --> 00:21:04,275
On the 4th of May 1955,
a survey team arrived
at Groom Lake
223
00:21:04,310 --> 00:21:10,517
and laid out a 5,000-foot
north-south runway on the
southwest corner of the lakebed
224
00:21:10,551 --> 00:21:14,379
and designated a site
for a base support facility.
225
00:21:15,137 --> 00:21:19,206
The Ranch initially
consisted of little more
than a few shelters,
226
00:21:19,241 --> 00:21:23,758
workshops, and trailer
homes in which to house
its small team.
227
00:21:24,517 --> 00:21:31,034
In a little over three months,
the base consisted of a single
paved runway, three hangars,
228
00:21:31,068 --> 00:21:35,793
a control tower and
rudimentary accommodations
for test personnel.
229
00:21:35,827 --> 00:21:41,103
The base's few amenities
included a movie theater
and a volleyball court.
230
00:21:41,482 --> 00:21:46,551
There was also a mess
hall, several wells
and fuel storage tanks.
231
00:21:46,586 --> 00:21:53,758
CIA, Air Force, and Lockheed
personnel began arriving
on July of 1955.
232
00:21:56,344 --> 00:22:03,724
The Ranch received its first
U-2 delivery on the 24th of
July 1955 from Burbank.
233
00:22:05,000 --> 00:22:08,482
Regular Military Air
Transport Service flights
234
00:22:08,517 --> 00:22:14,758
were set up between Area 51
and Lockheed's offices
in Burbank, California.
235
00:22:14,793 --> 00:22:19,724
To preserve secrecy,
personnel flew to Nevada
on Monday mornings
236
00:22:19,758 --> 00:22:22,379
and returned to
California on Friday.
237
00:22:23,275 --> 00:22:27,896
During the Cold War,
one of the missions carried
out by the United States
238
00:22:27,931 --> 00:22:33,000
was the test and evaluation
of captured Soviet
fighter aircraft.
239
00:22:33,620 --> 00:22:37,275
Beginning in the late 60s,
and for several decades,
240
00:22:37,310 --> 00:22:42,931
Area 51 played host
to an assortment
of Soviet-built aircraft.
241
00:22:42,965 --> 00:22:48,482
Under the HAVE DOUGHNUT, HAVE
DRILL and HAVE FERRY programs,
242
00:22:49,172 --> 00:22:54,724
the first MiGs flown in the
United States were used
to evaluate the aircraft
243
00:22:54,758 --> 00:22:58,551
in performance, technical,
and operational capabilities,
244
00:22:58,586 --> 00:23:01,482
pitting the types
against U.S. fighters.
245
00:23:02,068 --> 00:23:10,034
Area 51 also hosted another
foreign material evaluation
program called HAVE GLIB.
246
00:23:10,551 --> 00:23:15,724
This involved testing Soviet
tracking and missile
control radar systems.
247
00:23:16,137 --> 00:23:23,896
A complex of actual and replica
Soviet-type threat systems began
to grow around Slater Lake,
248
00:23:23,931 --> 00:23:30,724
a mile northwest of the main
base, along with an acquired
Soviet Barlock search radar.
249
00:23:32,068 --> 00:23:36,793
They were arranged
to simulate a Soviet-style
air defense complex.
250
00:23:38,655 --> 00:23:44,034
All of this evaluation of
foreign technology made Area 51
251
00:23:44,068 --> 00:23:50,482
the perfect place to study,
test, and evaluate
alien technology.
252
00:23:50,965 --> 00:23:56,310
If you have a UFO or
flying saucer and wanted
to see what it could do
253
00:23:56,344 --> 00:23:58,620
out of the prying eyes
of the nation,
254
00:23:59,103 --> 00:24:04,172
Area 51 was the most logical
and perfect place to do it.
255
00:24:06,793 --> 00:24:13,172
The base itself is restricted,
the airspace above
the base is restricted,
256
00:24:13,206 --> 00:24:16,620
and even land surrounding
the base has been purchased
257
00:24:16,655 --> 00:24:20,000
and declared restricted
for miles around.
258
00:24:21,689 --> 00:24:28,172
The United States government
has provided minimal
information regarding Area 51.
259
00:24:28,206 --> 00:24:31,896
The area surrounding the lake
is permanently off-limits
260
00:24:31,931 --> 00:24:35,793
to both civilian and normal
military air traffic.
261
00:24:36,413 --> 00:24:41,689
Security clearances are checked
regularly, cameras and
weaponry are not allowed.
262
00:24:42,275 --> 00:24:47,655
Even military pilots
training in the NAFR
risk disciplinary action
263
00:24:47,689 --> 00:24:53,275
if they stray into the
exclusive box surrounding
Grooms airspace.
264
00:24:54,172 --> 00:24:58,655
Surveillance is supplemented
using buried motion sensors.
265
00:25:00,206 --> 00:25:07,517
Area 51 is a common destination
for Janet airline, a small fleet
of passenger aircraft
266
00:25:07,551 --> 00:25:12,689
operated on behalf
of the Air Force to
transport military personnel,
267
00:25:12,724 --> 00:25:15,896
primarily from McCarran
International Airport.
268
00:25:16,793 --> 00:25:23,724
The USGS topographic map
for the area only shows the
long-disused Groom Mine.
269
00:25:25,068 --> 00:25:30,344
A civil aviation chart
published by the Nevada
Department of Transportation
270
00:25:30,379 --> 00:25:36,137
shows a large restricted area
defined as part of the Nellis
restricted airspace.
271
00:25:36,586 --> 00:25:41,724
The National Atlas shows
the area as lying within
the Nellis Air Base.
272
00:25:42,172 --> 00:25:48,551
However, high resolution and
newer images available from
satellite imagery providers,
273
00:25:48,586 --> 00:25:55,896
including Russian providers
prove the base is huge
and of course does exist.
274
00:25:56,724 --> 00:26:02,482
These show the runway
markings, base facilities,
aircraft and vehicles.
275
00:26:04,758 --> 00:26:08,310
[male narrator] We may have Tang
thanks to the space program,
276
00:26:08,862 --> 00:26:13,482
but who gave us such
innovations as the stealth
fighter and Kevlar?
277
00:26:13,517 --> 00:26:14,896
Aliens of course.
278
00:26:16,413 --> 00:26:20,620
Conspiracy theorists
believe that the remains
of crashed UFO spacecraft
279
00:26:20,655 --> 00:26:23,034
are stored at Area 51,
280
00:26:23,620 --> 00:26:27,517
an air force base about
150 miles from Las Vegas.
281
00:26:28,241 --> 00:26:33,862
Government scientists reverse
engineer the aliens' highly
advanced technology there.
282
00:26:34,586 --> 00:26:40,344
Fodder for this has come from
a variety of supposed UFO
sightings in the area
283
00:26:40,379 --> 00:26:43,655
and testimony from
a retired Army colonel,
284
00:26:43,689 --> 00:26:48,034
who says he was given access
to extraterrestrial materials
285
00:26:48,068 --> 00:26:50,448
gathered from an
alien spacecraft
286
00:26:50,482 --> 00:26:53,655
that crashed in
Roswell, New Mexico.
287
00:26:53,689 --> 00:26:58,758
Some believe that the
government studies
time travel at Area 51,
288
00:26:58,793 --> 00:27:01,758
also known as Groom
Lake or Dreamland.
289
00:27:07,620 --> 00:27:12,862
The government has developed
advanced aircraft
and weapon systems
290
00:27:12,896 --> 00:27:19,206
at nearby Nellis Air Force Base,
including stealth bombers
and reconnaissance planes.
291
00:27:19,241 --> 00:27:25,103
And the government's
official line that the details
of Area 51 are classified
292
00:27:25,137 --> 00:27:30,103
for the purpose of national
security is only seen
as further proof
293
00:27:30,655 --> 00:27:35,620
that the military is hiding
aliens or alien spacecraft.
294
00:27:41,068 --> 00:27:43,793
In the summer of 1955,
295
00:27:43,827 --> 00:27:49,586
sightings of unidentified
flying objects were
reported around Area 51.
296
00:27:49,965 --> 00:27:54,482
That's because the
airbase had begun its
testing of the U-2 aircraft.
297
00:27:54,862 --> 00:27:58,413
The U-2 can fly higher
than 60,000 feet.
298
00:27:58,793 --> 00:28:04,206
At the time, normal airliners
were flying in the ten to twenty
thousand feet range,
299
00:28:04,620 --> 00:28:08,620
while military aircraft topped
out at about 40,000 feet.
300
00:28:09,068 --> 00:28:14,310
So, if a pilot spotted
the tiny speck that was
the U-2 high above it,
301
00:28:14,344 --> 00:28:16,931
they would have
no idea what it was
302
00:28:16,965 --> 00:28:21,620
and they would usually
let air traffic control know
that someone was out there.
303
00:28:25,793 --> 00:28:29,551
This led to the increase
of UFO sightings in the area,
304
00:28:30,758 --> 00:28:35,482
while Air Force
officials knew the UFO
sightings were U-2 tests,
305
00:28:35,517 --> 00:28:37,551
they couldn't really
tell the public.
306
00:28:37,586 --> 00:28:42,896
So, they explained the aircraft
sightings by saying they
were natural phenomenon
307
00:28:42,931 --> 00:28:45,620
and high-altitude
weather research.
308
00:28:48,758 --> 00:28:53,068
The testing of the U-2
ended in the late 1950s,
309
00:28:53,103 --> 00:28:57,620
but Area 51 has continued to
serve as the testing ground
310
00:28:57,655 --> 00:29:02,482
for many aircraft
including the F-117A,
311
00:29:02,517 --> 00:29:05,068
the A-12 and the Tacit Blue.
312
00:29:05,896 --> 00:29:10,586
No one knows for sure what
Area 51 is up to these days.
313
00:29:10,620 --> 00:29:15,034
The government never even
publicly acknowledged the
existence of the base
314
00:29:15,068 --> 00:29:16,620
until 2013,
315
00:29:16,655 --> 00:29:20,310
with the release of
declassified CIA reports.
316
00:29:20,862 --> 00:29:23,862
But if you're ever at
the Las Vegas Airport,
317
00:29:23,896 --> 00:29:27,758
keep an eye out for some small
unmarked passenger planes
318
00:29:27,793 --> 00:29:29,344
in a fenced-off area.
319
00:29:29,896 --> 00:29:34,655
They're how Area 51
employees get to work
from their homes in Vegas.
320
00:29:41,172 --> 00:29:45,206
So, how did Area 51 come
to be known as a place
321
00:29:45,241 --> 00:29:48,724
where the government keeps
aliens and alien saucers?
322
00:29:49,379 --> 00:29:50,931
Enter Bob Lazar.
323
00:29:53,206 --> 00:29:58,931
Lazar is primarily known
for his time of being
hired in the late 1980s
324
00:29:58,965 --> 00:30:06,241
to reverse-engineer purported
extraterrestrial technology
at a secret site called S-4,
325
00:30:06,275 --> 00:30:12,241
located several miles south
of the Area 51 United
States Air Force facility.
326
00:30:13,689 --> 00:30:19,965
Lazar claims he examined
an alien craft that ran
on an antimatter reactor
327
00:30:20,000 --> 00:30:24,551
powered by the then
un-synthesized element 115.
328
00:30:25,344 --> 00:30:29,310
He also claims to have read US
government briefing documents
329
00:30:29,344 --> 00:30:36,551
that described alien involvement
in human affairs over
the past 10,000 years.
330
00:30:38,862 --> 00:30:45,206
Lazar's claims resulted
in bringing added public
attention to Area 51.
331
00:30:45,758 --> 00:30:52,482
His story gained renewed
attention due to a June the 20th
2019 interview with Joe Rogan
332
00:30:52,517 --> 00:30:56,551
as well as a 2018
documentary about his life
333
00:30:56,586 --> 00:31:01,482
entitled "Bob Lazar,
Area 51 and Flying Saucers."
334
00:31:03,379 --> 00:31:05,862
[male narrator] In May of 1989,
335
00:31:05,896 --> 00:31:10,758
Lazar appeared in an
interview with investigative
reporter George Knapp
336
00:31:10,793 --> 00:31:13,896
on Las Vegas
TV station KLAS,
337
00:31:13,931 --> 00:31:16,344
under the pseudo
name Dennis
338
00:31:16,379 --> 00:31:21,931
and with his face hidden
to discuss his purported
employment at S-4,
339
00:31:21,965 --> 00:31:27,310
a subsidiary facility he claims
exists near Area 51.
340
00:31:28,000 --> 00:31:31,344
He said the facility was
adjacent to Papoose Lake
341
00:31:31,379 --> 00:31:36,413
which is located south
of the main Area 51
facility at Groom Lake.
342
00:31:36,965 --> 00:31:43,103
He claimed the site consisted
of concealed aircraft hangars
built into a mountainside.
343
00:31:43,931 --> 00:31:48,344
Lazar said that his job
was to help with the
reverse engineering
344
00:31:48,379 --> 00:31:51,172
of one of nine flying saucers.
345
00:31:51,827 --> 00:31:57,137
Bob claims one of the
flying saucers, the one
he coined the Sport Model
346
00:31:57,172 --> 00:32:00,413
was manufactured
out of a metallic substance
347
00:32:00,448 --> 00:32:04,275
similar in appearance
and touch to stainless steel.
348
00:32:05,103 --> 00:32:11,827
In a subsequent interview
that November, Lazar appeared
unmasked and under his own name.
349
00:32:15,103 --> 00:32:19,206
Lazar claims that the propulsion
of the studied vehicle
350
00:32:19,241 --> 00:32:24,482
was fueled by atomic
element 115, or e 115.
351
00:32:25,000 --> 00:32:29,448
Lazar explained that e 115
generates a gravity wave.
352
00:32:30,793 --> 00:32:35,620
In addition, Lazar claims
that during his onboarding
to the program,
353
00:32:35,655 --> 00:32:39,896
he read briefing
documents describing
the historical involvement
354
00:32:39,931 --> 00:32:47,586
with earth for the past
10,000 years by extraterrestrial
beings; grey aliens.
355
00:32:48,068 --> 00:32:54,206
These aliens are from a planet
orbiting the twin binary star
system Zeta Reticuli.
356
00:32:55,172 --> 00:33:00,344
Lazar's story garnered media
attention and controversy
as well as supporters.
357
00:33:01,068 --> 00:33:05,137
The scientific community
however is skeptical
of Lazar's claims
358
00:33:05,172 --> 00:33:10,172
as he makes them without
any hard evidence or proof
of what he is claiming.
359
00:33:12,000 --> 00:33:15,413
According to scientific
skeptic Benjamin Radford,
360
00:33:15,448 --> 00:33:20,965
Lazar's lies propelled
Area 51 into the
public consciousness.
361
00:33:23,448 --> 00:33:27,965
Lazar claims he earned
a Master's degree
in physics from MIT
362
00:33:28,000 --> 00:33:32,068
and a Master's degree
in electronic technology
from Caltech.
363
00:33:32,103 --> 00:33:38,137
However, there are no
records of Lazar attending
either MIT or Caltech.
364
00:33:38,724 --> 00:33:42,793
Furthermore, Lazar was not a
member of a professional body.
365
00:33:42,827 --> 00:33:46,793
Lazar claims that his academic
records were erased
366
00:33:46,827 --> 00:33:50,000
in an effort by authorities
to discredit him.
367
00:33:50,379 --> 00:33:55,448
However, in Lazar's defense,
people have come forward
and said they knew him
368
00:33:55,482 --> 00:34:01,137
from his days at MIT
and Caltech and affirmed
he did attend there.
369
00:34:05,000 --> 00:34:11,931
The subject of UFOs, Area 51
and aliens has entered the
political spectrum as well.
370
00:34:12,482 --> 00:34:16,379
US Senator and Presidential
Candidate Bernie Sanders
371
00:34:16,413 --> 00:34:22,758
has pledged to share
any details about UFOs
if he wins the 2020 election.
372
00:34:24,103 --> 00:34:27,965
He says he's prepared
to disclose any
government information
373
00:34:28,000 --> 00:34:30,275
about unidentified
flying objects,
374
00:34:30,310 --> 00:34:35,620
but only if he wins,
and mainly because his
wife Jane asked him to;
375
00:34:35,655 --> 00:34:40,931
even promising he would
announce the findings
on the Joe Rogan podcast.
376
00:34:41,931 --> 00:34:46,275
Rogan asked if Jane was a
UFO nut, which Sanders denied.
377
00:34:46,310 --> 00:34:50,448
Jane, however, has been
pressing the candidate
about what information
378
00:34:50,482 --> 00:34:53,413
he might have right
now as a senator.
379
00:34:55,172 --> 00:35:00,896
It's unclear however, if the
Republicans will push this
issue into election headlines.
380
00:35:01,310 --> 00:35:07,413
[male narrator] In June, US
President Donald Trump told ABC
News's George Stephanopoulos
381
00:35:07,448 --> 00:35:13,068
that he also received
a briefing about recent
sightings by military pilots.
382
00:35:13,103 --> 00:35:17,689
Trump claims not to believe
in UFOs or has no
particular interest.
383
00:35:20,482 --> 00:35:23,068
Although this debate
sounds like a rehash
384
00:35:23,103 --> 00:35:29,206
of conversations surrounding
the 1950s and 60s'
era Project Blue Book,
385
00:35:29,241 --> 00:35:31,793
it does have more
recent origins.
386
00:35:35,931 --> 00:35:41,206
Earlier in the year, the New
York Times reported that
pilots with the US Navy
387
00:35:41,241 --> 00:35:48,310
saw swiftly flying
UFOs several times off
the coast in 2014 and 2015,
388
00:35:48,931 --> 00:35:54,137
but the reports of these
vehicles don't necessarily point
to something extraterrestrial.
389
00:35:55,620 --> 00:35:59,344
But there's been
so much attention on
the issue that in June,
390
00:35:59,379 --> 00:36:04,172
the Defense Department
briefed Mark Warner,
a Democrat from Virginia,
391
00:36:04,206 --> 00:36:07,068
the Senate's Intelligence
Committee Vice-Chairman
392
00:36:07,103 --> 00:36:11,379
about these encounters
along with two other senators.
393
00:36:12,931 --> 00:36:17,379
While we wait on party
positions on space
aliens for 2020,
394
00:36:17,413 --> 00:36:20,827
remember that this isn't the
first time the issue popped up
395
00:36:20,862 --> 00:36:24,379
in talks with a Democrat
presidential candidate.
396
00:36:25,241 --> 00:36:31,034
In 2016, Hillary Clinton
promised New Hampshire's
Conway Daily news, Sun
397
00:36:31,068 --> 00:36:35,034
that she would get
to the bottom of the
UFO phenomenon.
398
00:36:35,068 --> 00:36:41,034
She added that Earth may have
been visited already by aliens,
but we don't know for sure.
399
00:36:42,413 --> 00:36:47,551
However, it is unclear
how seriously Clinton was
speaking to the newspaper,
400
00:36:47,586 --> 00:36:51,827
which is located in a key state
for the election primaries.
401
00:36:52,965 --> 00:36:56,931
Previous Presidents
have alluded, sometimes
tongue-in-cheek
402
00:36:56,965 --> 00:37:03,448
that aliens may exist and the
government may have top-secret
departments that study them,
403
00:37:04,068 --> 00:37:06,586
even with direct
contact with aliens.
404
00:37:07,103 --> 00:37:12,344
So far there has not been
any confirmation by
any leader in the world
405
00:37:12,379 --> 00:37:14,241
that aliens are among us.
406
00:37:15,206 --> 00:37:23,103
UFO enthusiasts believe
that Area 51 may be the home
of the famous Majestic 12.
407
00:37:23,137 --> 00:37:29,827
The organization is claimed to
be the codename of an alleged
secret committee of scientists,
408
00:37:29,862 --> 00:37:34,965
military leaders, and government
officials formed in 1947
409
00:37:35,000 --> 00:37:39,310
by an executive order by US
President Harry S. Truman
410
00:37:39,344 --> 00:37:45,068
to facilitate recovery
and investigation
of alien spacecraft.
411
00:37:46,482 --> 00:37:52,482
The concept originated
in a series of supposedly
leaked secret documents
412
00:37:52,517 --> 00:37:56,517
first circulated by
ufologists in 1984.
413
00:37:57,068 --> 00:38:01,034
Upon examination, the
Federal Bureau of Investigation
414
00:38:01,068 --> 00:38:04,724
declared the documents
to be completely bogus
415
00:38:05,206 --> 00:38:09,827
and many ufologists
considered them to
be an elaborate hoax.
416
00:38:11,137 --> 00:38:16,758
Majestic 12 remains
popular among some
UFO conspiracy theorists
417
00:38:16,793 --> 00:38:19,931
and the concept has
appeared in popular culture
418
00:38:19,965 --> 00:38:23,241
including, television,
film and literature.
419
00:38:26,931 --> 00:38:31,862
The concept of Majestic
12 emerged during
a period in the 1980s
420
00:38:31,896 --> 00:38:37,448
when ufologists believed
there had been a cover-up
of the Roswell UFO incident
421
00:38:37,482 --> 00:38:44,448
and speculated some secretive
upper tier of the United States
government was responsible.
422
00:38:46,068 --> 00:38:50,379
Their suppositions appeared
to be confirmed in 1984,
423
00:38:50,413 --> 00:38:56,379
when ufologist Jaime
Shandera received an
envelope containing film
424
00:38:56,413 --> 00:39:00,241
which when developed
showed images of eight pages
425
00:39:00,275 --> 00:39:07,413
of documents that appeared
to be briefing papers describing
Operation Majestic 12.
426
00:39:08,655 --> 00:39:12,689
The documents purported to
reveal a secret committee of 12,
427
00:39:13,103 --> 00:39:19,655
supposedly authorized by
United States President
Harry S. Truman in 1952,
428
00:39:19,689 --> 00:39:23,965
and explained how
the crash of an alien
spacecraft at Roswell
429
00:39:24,000 --> 00:39:28,275
in July of 1947
had been concealed,
430
00:39:28,310 --> 00:39:32,103
how the recovered alien
technology could be exploited
431
00:39:32,137 --> 00:39:35,137
and how the United
States should engage
432
00:39:35,172 --> 00:39:38,103
with extraterrestrial
life in the future.
433
00:39:41,241 --> 00:39:46,344
Shandera and his ufologist
colleagues Stanton T.
Friedman and Bill Moore
434
00:39:46,379 --> 00:39:50,724
say they later received a series
of anonymous messages
435
00:39:50,758 --> 00:39:55,551
that led them to find
what has been called
the Cutler/Twining memo
436
00:39:55,586 --> 00:40:00,689
in 1985 while
searching declassified
files in the National Archives.
437
00:40:01,620 --> 00:40:06,724
Purported to be written
by President Eisenhower's
assistant Robert Cutler
438
00:40:06,758 --> 00:40:12,517
to General Nathan F.
Twining and containing a
reference to Majestic 12,
439
00:40:12,551 --> 00:40:18,758
the memo is widely held
to be a forgery, likely
planted as part of a hoax.
440
00:40:20,724 --> 00:40:25,517
[male narrator] However,
claiming to be connected to the
United States Air Force Office
441
00:40:25,551 --> 00:40:32,034
of Special Investigations, a
man named Richard Doty told
filmmaker Linda Moulton Howe
442
00:40:32,068 --> 00:40:38,413
that the MJ-12 story was
true, and showed Howe
unspecified documents
443
00:40:38,448 --> 00:40:43,689
purporting to prove
the existence of small,
grey humanoid aliens
444
00:40:43,724 --> 00:40:47,724
originating from the Zeta
Reticuli star system.
445
00:40:48,482 --> 00:40:53,758
Doty reportedly promised
to supply Howe with
film footage of UFOs
446
00:40:53,793 --> 00:40:59,620
and an interview with an
alien being, although no
footage ever materialized.
447
00:41:03,517 --> 00:41:10,068
Soon, distrust and suspicion
led to disagreements
within the ufology community
448
00:41:10,103 --> 00:41:14,000
over the authenticity
of the MJ-12 documents,
449
00:41:14,034 --> 00:41:18,310
and Moore was accused
of taking part in
an elaborate hoax,
450
00:41:18,344 --> 00:41:22,689
while other ufologists
and debunkers such
as Philip J. Klass
451
00:41:23,206 --> 00:41:26,206
were accused of being
disinformation agents.
452
00:41:28,172 --> 00:41:34,931
Both Bob Lazar and
the MJ-12 documents
say that aliens at Area 51
453
00:41:34,965 --> 00:41:38,517
come from the Zeta
Reticuli star system.
454
00:41:39,241 --> 00:41:40,724
So, where is this system?
455
00:41:42,517 --> 00:41:47,793
The system is a wide binary
star system in the southern
constellation of reticulum.
456
00:41:48,137 --> 00:41:49,551
From the southern hemisphere,
457
00:41:49,586 --> 00:41:55,000
the pair can be seen as
a naked-eye double star
in very dark skies.
458
00:41:55,724 --> 00:41:58,034
Based upon parallax
measurements,
459
00:41:58,068 --> 00:42:00,379
this system is located
at a distance
460
00:42:00,413 --> 00:42:04,172
of about thirty-nine point
three light-years from Earth.
461
00:42:04,896 --> 00:42:11,379
Both stars are solar analogs
that have characteristics
similar to those of our Sun.
462
00:42:11,931 --> 00:42:18,000
They belong to the Zeta
Herculis Moving Group of stars
that share a common origin.
463
00:42:20,000 --> 00:42:26,758
Scientists agree that any system
within fifty light years could
be reached with a spacecraft
464
00:42:26,793 --> 00:42:30,620
traveling just under the speed
of light within one lifetime.
465
00:42:31,034 --> 00:42:36,000
So, as stars go, Zeta is
rather close at thirty-nine
light years away.
466
00:42:38,068 --> 00:42:41,241
Betty and Barney Hill
were an American couple
467
00:42:41,275 --> 00:42:44,517
who claimed they were
abducted by extraterrestrials
468
00:42:44,551 --> 00:42:47,517
in a rural portion of the
state of New Hampshire
469
00:42:47,551 --> 00:42:52,034
from September 19th
to September 20th 1961.
470
00:42:52,689 --> 00:42:59,172
It was the first widely
publicized report of an alien
abduction in the United States.
471
00:43:00,551 --> 00:43:07,344
The incident came to be called
the Hill Abduction and
the Zeta Reticuli Incident
472
00:43:07,379 --> 00:43:11,862
because the couple
stated they had been
kidnapped by aliens
473
00:43:11,896 --> 00:43:15,482
who claimed to be from
the Zeta Reticuli system.
474
00:43:16,448 --> 00:43:22,620
Their story was adapted
into a best-selling 1966 book,
The Interrupted Journey
475
00:43:22,655 --> 00:43:27,068
and the 1975 television movie
The UFO Incident.
476
00:43:27,724 --> 00:43:32,000
In September 2016,
plans were announced
to make a film
477
00:43:32,034 --> 00:43:35,000
based on the event with
an unknown release date.
478
00:43:37,655 --> 00:43:43,241
The interesting thing
though is that the Hills
claim came in 1961,
479
00:43:44,103 --> 00:43:49,551
but it was in 1969 that Marjorie
Fish discovered the system
480
00:43:49,586 --> 00:43:52,620
and the Hill map
actually did exist.
481
00:43:53,482 --> 00:43:59,310
Marjorie Fish of Oak
Harbor, Ohio read Fuller's
Interrupted Journey.
482
00:43:59,724 --> 00:44:03,034
She was an elementary school
teacher and amateur astronomer.
483
00:44:03,448 --> 00:44:07,068
Interested by the star map
mentioned in the book,
484
00:44:07,655 --> 00:44:10,586
Fish wondered if it
might be deciphered
485
00:44:10,620 --> 00:44:14,793
to determine which star
system the UFO came from.
486
00:44:15,413 --> 00:44:20,551
Assuming that one of the
fifteen stars on the map
must represent Earth's Sun,
487
00:44:20,965 --> 00:44:26,103
Fish constructed
a three-dimensional model
of nearby sun-like stars
488
00:44:26,137 --> 00:44:28,103
using thread and beads,
489
00:44:28,137 --> 00:44:31,344
basing stellar distances
on those published
490
00:44:31,379 --> 00:44:35,206
in the 1969 Gliese
Star Catalogue.
491
00:44:35,931 --> 00:44:39,448
Studying thousands of vantage
points over several years,
492
00:44:39,482 --> 00:44:42,551
the only one that seemed
to match the Hill map
493
00:44:43,172 --> 00:44:48,275
was from the viewpoint
of the double star
system of Zeta Reticuli.
494
00:44:50,275 --> 00:44:52,482
Fish sent her analysis to Webb.
495
00:44:52,517 --> 00:44:56,517
Agreeing with her conclusions,
Webb sent the map
to Terence Dickinson,
496
00:44:56,551 --> 00:44:59,482
editor of the popular
magazine Astronomy.
497
00:44:59,896 --> 00:45:03,206
Dickinson did not endorse Fish
and Webb's conclusions,
498
00:45:03,241 --> 00:45:06,034
but for the first time
in the journal's history,
499
00:45:06,068 --> 00:45:11,448
Astronomy invited comments
and debate on a UFO report,
500
00:45:11,482 --> 00:45:16,448
starting with an opening
article in the December
1974 issue.
501
00:45:20,068 --> 00:45:24,482
For about a year afterward,
the opinions page of Astronomy
502
00:45:24,517 --> 00:45:28,137
carried arguments for
and against Fish's star map.
503
00:45:28,724 --> 00:45:33,344
Notable was an argument made
by Carl Sagan and Steven Soter,
504
00:45:33,379 --> 00:45:36,034
arguing that the
seeming star map
505
00:45:36,068 --> 00:45:39,379
was little more than a random
alignment of chance points.
506
00:45:40,103 --> 00:45:45,931
In an episode of Cosmos
in 1980, Sagan demonstrated
that without the lines
507
00:45:45,965 --> 00:45:51,586
drawn in the maps, the Hill
map bore no resemblance
to the real-life map.
508
00:45:52,137 --> 00:45:56,931
In contrast, those more
favorable to the map,
such as David Saunders,
509
00:45:56,965 --> 00:46:01,137
a statistician who had been
on the Condon UFO study,
510
00:46:01,172 --> 00:46:05,655
argued that unusual
alignment of key sun-like stars
511
00:46:05,689 --> 00:46:09,275
in a plane centered
around Zeta Reticuli
512
00:46:09,310 --> 00:46:13,793
was statistically
improbable to have
happened by chance
513
00:46:13,827 --> 00:46:18,068
from a random group of stars
in our immediate neighborhood.
514
00:46:20,379 --> 00:46:21,689
[male narrator] The hill case
515
00:46:21,724 --> 00:46:26,241
is one of the most
heavily researched
UFO cases on record
516
00:46:26,275 --> 00:46:28,482
and many points
made by the Hills
517
00:46:28,517 --> 00:46:32,275
have been corroborated
right after and
since the abduction.
518
00:46:33,413 --> 00:46:37,379
Most of Betty Hills' notes,
tapes, and other items
519
00:46:37,413 --> 00:46:39,896
have been placed in
the permanent collection
520
00:46:39,931 --> 00:46:43,310
at the University of New
Hampshire, her alma mater.
521
00:46:44,000 --> 00:46:48,724
In July 2011, the state
Division of Historical Resources
522
00:46:48,758 --> 00:46:54,310
marked the site of the alleged
craft's first approach
with a historical marker.
523
00:46:56,413 --> 00:46:58,275
♪♪♪
524
00:47:49,413 --> 00:47:52,793
[male narrator] So, you
want to storm Area 51?
525
00:47:53,482 --> 00:47:54,793
Where will you stay?
526
00:47:55,344 --> 00:47:56,586
How do you get to camp?
527
00:47:57,206 --> 00:47:59,206
There is not much
in Rachel, Nevada
528
00:47:59,241 --> 00:48:02,517
by way of stores, hotels
and frankly anything.
529
00:48:02,965 --> 00:48:07,206
The Little A'le' Inn, previously
the Rachel Bar and Grill,
530
00:48:07,241 --> 00:48:11,103
is a small bar, restaurant,
and motel located in Rachel
531
00:48:11,137 --> 00:48:13,793
along the Extra-Terrestrial
Highway.
532
00:48:14,448 --> 00:48:16,931
The business has been
running for over twenty years
533
00:48:16,965 --> 00:48:21,172
and is frequented by visitors
to the local Area 51.
534
00:48:22,103 --> 00:48:27,931
The business has a variety
of Area 51 and UFO-related
merchandise for sale
535
00:48:27,965 --> 00:48:34,448
such as maps of the area,
posters, postcards, and toys,
and offers an alien burger.
536
00:48:34,482 --> 00:48:36,517
There isn't much
else in Rachel.
537
00:48:37,620 --> 00:48:42,034
In 1991, Joe and Pat
wanted something unique
for the Bar & Grill
538
00:48:42,068 --> 00:48:46,275
because they felt
that Joe and Pat's
was not exciting enough.
539
00:48:46,310 --> 00:48:52,724
They held a contest won
by Bruce Hooker with
"A 'le' Inn" a play on alien.
540
00:48:53,413 --> 00:48:58,344
The current owners of the
Little A'le' Inn are Pat
and her daughter Connie.
541
00:48:58,965 --> 00:49:02,724
It has been featured
in documentaries
and even feature films.
542
00:49:03,379 --> 00:49:05,724
If you're wondering,
it is usually booked
543
00:49:05,758 --> 00:49:09,448
with alien hunters for
the Storm Area 51 event.
544
00:49:11,310 --> 00:49:14,655
You can get there by
taking highway 375.
545
00:49:14,689 --> 00:49:21,034
The top-secret
Area 51 government
base is near SR 375
546
00:49:21,068 --> 00:49:24,689
and many travelers have
reported UFO observations
547
00:49:24,724 --> 00:49:28,241
and other strange alien
activity along this road.
548
00:49:29,103 --> 00:49:33,517
Such stories prompted
the state to officially
designate the route
549
00:49:33,551 --> 00:49:38,241
as the Extra-Terrestrial
Highway in 1996.
550
00:49:38,275 --> 00:49:43,862
The small town of Rachel
located near the midpoint of
the highway caters to tourists,
551
00:49:43,896 --> 00:49:49,206
geocachers, and UFO seekers
with alien-themed businesses.
552
00:49:51,172 --> 00:49:56,793
Although the area receives
some tourism due to the alleged
extraterrestrial activity,
553
00:49:56,827 --> 00:50:00,862
SR 375 remains a
lightly traveled route.
554
00:50:01,862 --> 00:50:08,103
Descending the summit,
SR 375 nears the border of
the Nellis Air Force Range.
555
00:50:08,586 --> 00:50:15,172
As the highway heads
northwest through Tikaboo
Valley, it meets Mail Box Road.
556
00:50:16,000 --> 00:50:21,896
It used to be marked by
a single postal drop known
as the Black Mailbox.
557
00:50:21,931 --> 00:50:27,965
The dirt access road
leads to the restricted lands
surrounding Area 51.
558
00:50:28,551 --> 00:50:31,896
The original mailbox
was a normal black mailbox.
559
00:50:31,931 --> 00:50:35,034
However, due to people
constantly sifting through it,
560
00:50:35,068 --> 00:50:39,000
it was replaced with
a white one that was
much more secure.
561
00:50:41,000 --> 00:50:43,896
The name Black
Mailbox still stuck.
562
00:50:44,275 --> 00:50:48,965
It was commonly used as a
gathering place for UFO seekers,
563
00:50:49,000 --> 00:50:53,724
and two to three UFO
sightings per week
allegedly occur in the area.
564
00:50:54,344 --> 00:50:59,931
The mailbox was removed
by its owner, Steve Medlin,
due to continued vandalism.
565
00:51:08,793 --> 00:51:13,758
SR 375 continues heading
northwest from the mailbox,
566
00:51:13,793 --> 00:51:21,206
climbing in elevation again
to reach the top of Coyote
Summit at 5,591 feet.
567
00:51:24,103 --> 00:51:28,103
To promote the Extraterrestrial
Highway after its renaming,
568
00:51:28,137 --> 00:51:34,379
the tourism commission
launched "The ET
Experience" in July 1996.
569
00:51:34,931 --> 00:51:40,793
Tourists could contact the
Nevada Commission on Tourism
to receive a traveler's kit
570
00:51:40,827 --> 00:51:46,931
containing information about
the highway, nearby cultural
attractions and area services.
571
00:51:47,413 --> 00:51:52,034
Visitors that patronized
businesses in Rachel
and Central Nevada
572
00:51:52,068 --> 00:51:54,793
and submitted an
account of their journey
573
00:51:54,827 --> 00:51:58,482
received Extraterrestrial
Highway memorabilia.
574
00:51:59,413 --> 00:52:03,344
Stories from travelers were
also published in a newsletter
575
00:52:03,379 --> 00:52:06,758
available to those that had
completed the experience.
576
00:52:07,310 --> 00:52:12,379
Despite tourism generated
by people searching
for signs of alien life,
577
00:52:12,413 --> 00:52:17,379
only an average
of about two hundred
cars drive some portion
578
00:52:17,413 --> 00:52:24,827
of the Extraterrestrial Highway
every day, making it one of the
state's least traveled routes.
579
00:52:32,586 --> 00:52:38,413
[male narrator] You can't talk
about Area 51 without at least
a mention of Roswell.
580
00:52:39,275 --> 00:52:44,586
After all, the Roswell
UFO is said to be
hidden away in Area 51.
581
00:52:45,931 --> 00:52:53,620
In 1978, nuclear physicist
and author Stanton Friedman
interviewed Jesse Marcel,
582
00:52:53,655 --> 00:52:57,517
the only person known to have
accompanied the Roswell debris
583
00:52:57,551 --> 00:53:00,517
from where it was
recovered to Fort Worth
584
00:53:00,551 --> 00:53:05,448
where reporters saw
material which was claimed to
be part of the recovered object.
585
00:53:06,068 --> 00:53:10,137
The accounts given by
Friedman and others
in the following years
586
00:53:10,172 --> 00:53:13,551
elevated Roswell
from a forgotten incident
587
00:53:13,586 --> 00:53:18,517
to perhaps the most famous
UFO case of all time.
588
00:53:23,448 --> 00:53:28,931
The story of Roswell
has evolved since the first
book published in 1980,
589
00:53:28,965 --> 00:53:34,000
and an appearance by
Jesse Marcel on the
TV program "In Search Of."
590
00:53:34,793 --> 00:53:39,965
Today, Roswell is a UFO fixture
with an annual festival in July
591
00:53:40,000 --> 00:53:44,137
where UFO researchers give
talks, and there is a parade
592
00:53:44,172 --> 00:53:48,344
which brings in much-needed
income to a small desert town.
593
00:53:49,586 --> 00:53:53,793
Rachel, Nevada must be
looking on with envious eyes
594
00:53:53,827 --> 00:53:58,896
at the stature this little
town has garnered since
the UFO stories broke.
595
00:53:59,551 --> 00:54:05,931
Perhaps the Storm Area51 event
will bring in as much tourism.
596
00:54:17,206 --> 00:54:23,379
Storming Area51 looks to become
something like the Burning
Man event in Nevada.
597
00:54:23,965 --> 00:54:27,862
Organizers are hoping it will
grow and become part festival
598
00:54:27,896 --> 00:54:32,172
with bands and attractions
and part liberal event for art.
599
00:54:33,758 --> 00:54:40,206
Burning Man is an event held
annually in the western United
States at Black Rock City,
600
00:54:40,241 --> 00:54:45,137
a temporary city erected
in the Black Rock Desert
of Northwest Nevada,
601
00:54:45,172 --> 00:54:49,137
approximately one hundred
miles north-northeast
of Reno.
602
00:54:50,275 --> 00:54:54,620
The late summer event
is an experiment in
community and art,
603
00:54:55,000 --> 00:54:57,689
influenced by ten
main principles:
604
00:54:58,137 --> 00:55:01,551
radical inclusion,
radical self-reliance,
605
00:55:01,586 --> 00:55:03,551
radical self-expression,
606
00:55:03,586 --> 00:55:07,172
communal effort,
civic responsibility,
607
00:55:07,206 --> 00:55:12,551
gifting, participation,
immediacy, and Leave No Trace.
608
00:55:14,517 --> 00:55:17,965
The event takes its name
from its culmination,
609
00:55:18,000 --> 00:55:21,827
the symbolic ritual
burning of a large
wooden effigy;
610
00:55:21,862 --> 00:55:27,620
the man that
traditionally occurs on the
Saturday evening of the event.
611
00:55:29,655 --> 00:55:35,620
First held thirty-three years
ago in 1986 on Baker's
Beach in San Francisco
612
00:55:35,655 --> 00:55:42,896
as a small function organized
by Larry Harvey and Jerry
James who built the first man.
613
00:55:42,931 --> 00:55:47,275
It has since been annually
spanning from the
last Sunday in August
614
00:55:47,310 --> 00:55:50,517
to the first Monday in
September, or Labor Day.
615
00:55:57,724 --> 00:56:03,931
At Burning Man, the community
explores various forms
of artistic self-expression,
616
00:56:03,965 --> 00:56:07,413
which are created to be
enjoyed by all participants.
617
00:56:07,965 --> 00:56:14,344
Once considered an underground
gathering for Bohemians and
free spirits of all stripes,
618
00:56:14,379 --> 00:56:20,586
Burning Man has since
evolved into a destination
for social media influencers,
619
00:56:20,620 --> 00:56:23,862
celebrities, and the
Silicon Valley elite.
620
00:56:34,000 --> 00:56:39,000
Examples of creativity
include experimental
and interactive sculptures,
621
00:56:39,034 --> 00:56:44,000
buildings, performances and art
cars, among other media.
622
00:56:44,724 --> 00:56:50,034
These contributions are inspired
by a theme that is chosen
annually by the organizers.
623
00:56:51,206 --> 00:56:58,896
Burning Man boasts 70,000
attendees and has spawned
other similar events worldwide.
624
00:57:09,931 --> 00:57:13,862
Storming Area51 from the
perspective of the military
625
00:57:13,896 --> 00:57:19,137
has always been a stern report:
don't try to storm our base.
626
00:57:19,172 --> 00:57:25,034
Area 51 and the government
is well aware of the
event that is unfolding
627
00:57:25,068 --> 00:57:31,965
and will be diligent
against anyone who tries to
cross the border into Area 51.
628
00:57:38,551 --> 00:57:43,655
On July 10th 2019,
speaking with the
Washington Post,
629
00:57:43,689 --> 00:57:47,275
Air Force spokeswoman
Laura McAndrews said
630
00:57:47,310 --> 00:57:52,103
officials were aware
of the event and issued
a warning saying,
631
00:57:52,137 --> 00:57:57,448
"Area 51 is an open training
range for the US Air Force
632
00:57:57,482 --> 00:58:02,379
and we would discourage
anyone from trying to come
into the area
633
00:58:02,413 --> 00:58:05,344
where we train
American armed forces."
634
00:58:05,896 --> 00:58:08,517
She added, "The US Air Force
635
00:58:08,551 --> 00:58:13,931
always stands ready to
protect America and its assets."
636
00:58:21,068 --> 00:58:24,413
This is of course, the "We
will shoot you statement."
637
00:58:25,310 --> 00:58:30,241
Anonymous Nevadan law
enforcement officials have
said government agencies
638
00:58:30,275 --> 00:58:34,758
are closely monitoring
the reaction to the post saying,
639
00:58:34,793 --> 00:58:38,310
"Anyone found trespassing
would be arrested
640
00:58:38,344 --> 00:58:43,965
and prosecuted to
the fullest extent of
local and military law."
641
00:58:46,172 --> 00:58:51,793
A public information officer
at Nellis Air Force
Base told KNPR
642
00:58:51,827 --> 00:58:57,965
that any attempt to
illegally access the area
is highly discouraged.
643
00:58:59,931 --> 00:59:03,758
Signs at the border
of the base clearly say
644
00:59:03,793 --> 00:59:09,931
that lethal force is authorized,
meaning, they can shoot you.
645
00:59:10,482 --> 00:59:15,379
Most likely you would
be arrested and detained,
perhaps for days.
646
00:59:15,413 --> 00:59:17,689
You will have no legal recourse.
647
00:59:18,103 --> 00:59:22,620
If they truly believe you are a
threat, you can be incarcerated.
648
00:59:24,103 --> 00:59:31,689
But if a wave of people truly
tried to storm the base, you
can bet there will be gunfire.
649
00:59:49,689 --> 00:59:56,482
The camo dudes that protect
the base are armed and
authorized to shoot you.
650
01:00:14,275 --> 01:00:19,586
However, if you want to
have a good time and get
in some desert camping,
651
01:00:19,620 --> 01:00:25,000
enjoy some music
and talk about UFOs with
fellow event participants.
652
01:00:25,034 --> 01:00:31,793
This grassroots festival
may just be the perfect
place to have some fun.
653
01:00:32,275 --> 01:00:33,620
Just remember,
654
01:00:34,275 --> 01:00:37,655
don't storm Area 51.
655
01:00:37,689 --> 01:00:39,448
♪♪♪
656
01:00:52,172 --> 01:00:54,379
[man] Ten, nine,
657
01:00:54,413 --> 01:00:56,000
ignition sequence start.
658
01:00:56,620 --> 01:00:59,034
Six, five, four,
659
01:00:59,068 --> 01:01:03,275
three, two, one, zero.
660
01:01:03,310 --> 01:01:04,620
[explosion]
66169
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