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1
00:00:27,924 --> 00:00:29,257
Reporter:
Here's a scene that has long
2
00:00:29,259 --> 00:00:31,726
Since ceased causing
any surprise.
3
00:00:31,728 --> 00:00:34,829
The womenfolk washing dishes
made of plastic.
4
00:00:34,831 --> 00:00:37,598
Dishes that bounce
when they drop to the floor.
5
00:00:37,600 --> 00:00:40,635
Hard to realize it,
but it was only 10 years ago
6
00:00:40,637 --> 00:00:43,571
That the first pound of
polystyrene plastic was sold
7
00:00:47,444 --> 00:00:50,912
Narrator: And the chemical age
is just dawning.
8
00:00:53,850 --> 00:00:56,284
These few things, my friends,
9
00:00:56,286 --> 00:00:59,821
Are only a hint of what american
industry holds in the future.
10
00:01:05,728 --> 00:01:09,697
Yes, mylar's properties are
right in its molecules
11
00:01:09,699 --> 00:01:14,836
And with them are coming new
and better things for us all.
12
00:01:16,673 --> 00:01:20,541
Today will be a better day
for a lot of people
13
00:01:20,543 --> 00:01:24,412
Simply because of a material
we call plastic.
14
00:01:26,950 --> 00:01:31,953
Chapman:
This industry is well positioned
to build on our accomplishments
15
00:01:31,955 --> 00:01:35,890
To shape a sustainable
and prosperous future.
16
00:01:38,361 --> 00:01:42,263
In summary, we believe
the best is yet to come.
17
00:02:03,553 --> 00:02:05,386
Carpenter:
I think, like many people,
I had noticed
18
00:02:05,388 --> 00:02:07,722
A real surge of attention
and interest
19
00:02:07,724 --> 00:02:10,291
In the issue
of plastic pollution.
20
00:02:28,378 --> 00:02:31,612
This sort of all came about from
conversations with activists
21
00:02:31,614 --> 00:02:34,782
Who are working
on plastics issues.
22
00:02:34,784 --> 00:02:36,617
Oftentimes what I do
is ask people
23
00:02:36,619 --> 00:02:37,752
That are close to an issue,
24
00:02:37,754 --> 00:02:40,421
How they feel about
the media coverage.
25
00:02:42,358 --> 00:02:44,058
And one thing I was
consistently hearing
26
00:02:44,060 --> 00:02:47,228
Was that there was a gap
in coverage
27
00:02:47,230 --> 00:02:50,064
When it came to
the front end of the story.
28
00:02:50,066 --> 00:02:53,200
So there was a ton of attention
around the final stage
29
00:02:53,202 --> 00:02:54,936
Of the plastics lifecycle
30
00:02:54,938 --> 00:02:57,171
When it actually
becomes pollution,
31
00:02:57,173 --> 00:02:59,440
But not as many people
were telling the story
32
00:02:59,442 --> 00:03:01,709
About where plastic comes from.
33
00:03:17,627 --> 00:03:20,561
You can never solve
the plastic waste crisis
34
00:03:20,563 --> 00:03:23,598
Just by dealing with it
as a waste issue.
35
00:03:23,600 --> 00:03:26,934
Who is making the plastics
in the first place and why?
36
00:03:29,372 --> 00:03:32,573
Blair:
History of plastics began
over 30 million years ago
37
00:03:32,575 --> 00:03:35,977
When intense heat,
natural chemical changes,
38
00:03:35,979 --> 00:03:37,612
And tremendous pressures
created
39
00:03:37,614 --> 00:03:39,880
By the shifting
of the earth's crust
40
00:03:39,882 --> 00:03:42,350
Formed the substance needed
to make plastic --
41
00:03:42,352 --> 00:03:45,486
Petroleum.
42
00:03:45,488 --> 00:03:50,291
Muffett: 99% of what goes
into plastics is fossil fuels,
43
00:03:50,293 --> 00:03:53,427
And so unsurprisingly, the same
companies that make plastics
44
00:03:53,429 --> 00:03:56,063
Are also the companies
that sell us fossil fuels --
45
00:03:56,065 --> 00:04:02,036
Exxon, chevron, conoco phillips,
shell, and dow dupont,
46
00:04:02,038 --> 00:04:04,639
Which in addition to being
a major chemicals company,
47
00:04:04,641 --> 00:04:07,341
Is also a major player
in oil and gas.
48
00:04:12,448 --> 00:04:15,683
Plastics were initially
a waste product.
49
00:04:15,685 --> 00:04:17,652
The company could either pay
50
00:04:17,654 --> 00:04:20,154
To dispose
of the leftovers responsibly
51
00:04:20,156 --> 00:04:22,223
Or it could turn them
into a new product.
52
00:04:24,193 --> 00:04:26,694
Miller:
Oil companies compete
with each other
53
00:04:26,696 --> 00:04:29,630
In taking the petroleum
molecule apart
54
00:04:29,632 --> 00:04:31,632
And rearranging it
into...
55
00:04:31,634 --> 00:04:33,334
Well, you name it --
56
00:04:33,336 --> 00:04:40,441
Fabric's, toothbrushes, tires,
insecticides, cosmetics,
57
00:04:40,443 --> 00:04:42,243
Weed killers,
58
00:04:42,245 --> 00:04:46,814
A whole galaxy of things
to make a better life on earth.
59
00:05:07,737 --> 00:05:10,805
Narrator:
Just as there are many kinds
of woods and metals,
60
00:05:10,807 --> 00:05:14,709
So there are many
kinds of plastics.
61
00:05:14,711 --> 00:05:17,111
This is plexiglass, too,
62
00:05:17,113 --> 00:05:18,345
One of
the most fascinating
63
00:05:18,347 --> 00:05:21,015
And beautiful of the new
plastic materials
64
00:05:21,017 --> 00:05:23,184
Created by chemical science,
65
00:05:23,186 --> 00:05:26,687
Ready to bring new beauty
and comfort to your home
66
00:05:26,689 --> 00:05:29,356
And add charm to
your peace-time living.
67
00:05:33,930 --> 00:05:36,063
Mafira:
Plastic is a miracle material.
68
00:05:36,065 --> 00:05:37,364
When it was created,
69
00:05:37,366 --> 00:05:40,768
It was hailed as the
biggest invention of the time.
70
00:05:43,406 --> 00:05:47,708
It's extremely durable.
It lasts very, very long.
71
00:05:47,710 --> 00:05:49,310
And so the reality is that
72
00:05:49,312 --> 00:05:53,781
Because plastic has
all these good qualities,
73
00:05:53,783 --> 00:05:56,450
It's extremely bad
for the environment.
74
00:06:04,227 --> 00:06:05,993
I was a corporate lawyer
for six years,
75
00:06:05,995 --> 00:06:08,195
And then I decided
to leave it to work on something
76
00:06:08,197 --> 00:06:10,097
That I actually cared about
77
00:06:10,099 --> 00:06:14,101
And where I actually had
a personal stake in the outcome.
78
00:06:17,140 --> 00:06:19,774
15 years ago, I could
still go to a pristine beach
79
00:06:19,776 --> 00:06:21,442
And collect seashells.
80
00:06:21,444 --> 00:06:25,079
And it makes me sad to think
that some of the children
81
00:06:25,081 --> 00:06:28,783
Born today,
and even my own daughter,
82
00:06:28,785 --> 00:06:33,554
Won't have the memory
of a cleaner world.
83
00:06:38,394 --> 00:06:42,463
I just want her to be aware
of why her world
84
00:06:42,465 --> 00:06:45,766
Is the way it is
and that it could be better.
85
00:06:52,308 --> 00:06:54,375
I feel like I don't know
how to answer anymore
86
00:06:54,377 --> 00:06:56,677
When people say,
87
00:06:56,679 --> 00:06:59,480
"why are you focusing on
plastic?
88
00:06:59,482 --> 00:07:02,082
Why is plastic a problem?"
89
00:07:02,084 --> 00:07:06,921
I mean, I feel like I should
just take them here
90
00:07:06,923 --> 00:07:08,322
And not say anything,
91
00:07:08,324 --> 00:07:11,659
Just take them here
and then see what they think,
92
00:07:11,661 --> 00:07:15,196
Whether they think plastic bags
are not a problem anymore.
93
00:07:19,969 --> 00:07:24,271
I can still remember a time
when I was still a teenager
94
00:07:24,273 --> 00:07:26,373
And this wasn't a problem,
95
00:07:26,375 --> 00:07:30,044
So we're not talking
about decades.
96
00:07:30,046 --> 00:07:33,147
We're talking about
maybe 10 to 15 years
97
00:07:33,149 --> 00:07:36,584
Of this kind of lifestyle.
98
00:07:39,856 --> 00:07:42,156
A lot of
the single-use plastics
99
00:07:42,158 --> 00:07:44,425
That end up
polluting our planet,
100
00:07:44,427 --> 00:07:47,361
We only use them once
and they stay forever.
101
00:07:47,363 --> 00:07:49,864
They're made of a material
that lasts forever.
102
00:07:52,034 --> 00:07:54,702
They're not something
that we need
103
00:07:54,704 --> 00:07:57,004
As an essential part
of our lives.
104
00:07:59,375 --> 00:08:01,575
And yet, here we are,
stuck with it.
105
00:08:05,414 --> 00:08:07,581
Russell:
Unfortunately, data are
coming back that plastics
106
00:08:07,583 --> 00:08:10,251
Really are a significant
component of the waste
107
00:08:10,253 --> 00:08:13,454
That enters the ocean,
so that's largely a matter
108
00:08:13,456 --> 00:08:17,057
Of poorly or unmanaged
municipal solid waste.
109
00:08:17,059 --> 00:08:18,726
In parts of the world,
110
00:08:18,728 --> 00:08:23,464
Unlike here, where there is not
an infrastructure to gather
111
00:08:23,466 --> 00:08:26,467
And appropriately dispose
of the waste.
112
00:08:28,671 --> 00:08:33,507
I think what's most frustrating
is that the industries are out
113
00:08:33,509 --> 00:08:36,543
There pushing the idea
that this is all
114
00:08:36,545 --> 00:08:40,414
Because of bad management.
You know, that the waste is here
115
00:08:40,416 --> 00:08:43,317
Because the government
isn't putting enough funding
116
00:08:43,319 --> 00:08:45,586
Into proper waste management,
117
00:08:45,588 --> 00:08:49,823
But they're distracting
from the truth,
118
00:08:49,825 --> 00:08:52,893
Which is that there is no way
you can manage this waste.
119
00:08:52,895 --> 00:08:54,929
It's not meant to be managed.
120
00:08:57,600 --> 00:08:58,899
I think we should band together
121
00:08:58,901 --> 00:09:02,102
And have a serious discussion
on a global scale
122
00:09:02,104 --> 00:09:05,072
Because these companies
are operating on a global scale.
123
00:09:31,434 --> 00:09:33,767
Sharma: The issue of waste
and plastic pollution,
124
00:09:33,769 --> 00:09:38,172
It is about this deeply
embedded injustice
125
00:09:38,174 --> 00:09:40,975
That really motivates me
to keep doing what I'm doing.
126
00:09:46,615 --> 00:09:51,118
We are standing in ghazipur
d-block dairy farm
127
00:09:51,120 --> 00:09:53,354
Next to the landfill,
which receives waste
128
00:09:53,356 --> 00:09:56,590
From almost half of delhi.
129
00:10:32,094 --> 00:10:34,728
Sharma: Plastic products
are only creating
130
00:10:34,730 --> 00:10:37,731
A mountain of waste in india.
131
00:11:13,085 --> 00:11:16,253
Grate:
On a personal level, I have
stopped using plastic bags
132
00:11:16,255 --> 00:11:19,389
And plastic straws,
and that's a great thing,
133
00:11:19,391 --> 00:11:23,227
But you realize
at the systematic level,
134
00:11:23,229 --> 00:11:24,828
That doesn't change anything.
135
00:11:31,570 --> 00:11:35,172
I grew up in an island
enjoying nature.
136
00:11:35,174 --> 00:11:39,143
When I was in college,
I moved to manila to study.
137
00:11:43,149 --> 00:11:46,316
The first thing that struck me
when I arrived here
138
00:11:46,318 --> 00:11:49,520
Was the amount of waste
that's on the bay.
139
00:11:53,626 --> 00:11:56,927
This is not what I want
for my island,
140
00:11:56,929 --> 00:11:59,763
The place where I grew up,
and I know
141
00:11:59,765 --> 00:12:03,066
If I don't do something,
that will happen.
142
00:12:11,677 --> 00:12:14,178
Plastic pollution is really
a life and death issue
143
00:12:14,180 --> 00:12:17,447
For most people, at least
in this part of the world.
144
00:12:19,819 --> 00:12:21,385
Manila bay is like a cove,
145
00:12:21,387 --> 00:12:24,955
And there's several provinces
located along that coastline,
146
00:12:24,957 --> 00:12:28,559
So whatever the currents
bring in from outside,
147
00:12:28,561 --> 00:12:33,063
They stay within that cove.
And whatever waste
148
00:12:33,065 --> 00:12:37,167
Is deposited into the bay from
the rivers also stays there.
149
00:12:41,440 --> 00:12:43,006
Every day, day in, day out,
150
00:12:43,008 --> 00:12:45,342
This cleaning operations
going on.
151
00:12:51,016 --> 00:12:52,649
It's unending.
152
00:12:57,089 --> 00:13:00,390
You can do cleanups, and
the problem will not go away.
153
00:13:03,095 --> 00:13:04,695
You have to look
at the root causes.
154
00:13:04,697 --> 00:13:07,431
We can't be doing
cleanups all our lives.
155
00:13:09,168 --> 00:13:10,767
This is not a solution.
156
00:13:25,618 --> 00:13:27,317
We're a archipelagic country
157
00:13:27,319 --> 00:13:31,421
And we depend on fish
and seafood for sustenance.
158
00:13:31,423 --> 00:13:35,592
It is pretty much part of the
filipino lifestyle and culture.
159
00:13:51,777 --> 00:13:53,243
60-40.
160
00:14:11,563 --> 00:14:13,997
Hernandez;
the stuff we read about saying
161
00:14:13,999 --> 00:14:17,935
There'll be more plastics in
the oceans than fish in 2050,
162
00:14:17,937 --> 00:14:20,804
That's actually a reality
for most of these fishermen.
163
00:14:23,742 --> 00:14:27,511
And a lot of this
is really unrecyclable plastics.
164
00:14:27,513 --> 00:14:30,447
A great percentage are really
multi-layer packaging.
165
00:14:30,449 --> 00:14:33,116
The sachets that you find like
this one,
166
00:14:33,118 --> 00:14:35,152
You cannot recycle this.
167
00:14:35,154 --> 00:14:40,490
Nobody bothers to collect them,
that's why they end up here.
168
00:14:47,733 --> 00:14:50,200
Who bears the burden
of this pollution?
169
00:14:50,202 --> 00:14:52,803
You have the marginal
communities,
170
00:14:52,805 --> 00:14:55,806
Coastal communities, the fishing
communities, and the people,
171
00:14:55,808 --> 00:15:00,277
The citizens who are forced,
through their taxes,
172
00:15:00,279 --> 00:15:02,846
Shoulder the plastic cleanup.
173
00:15:06,285 --> 00:15:08,385
These companies
have been able to get away
174
00:15:08,387 --> 00:15:10,354
With it for many years now.
175
00:15:32,544 --> 00:15:34,211
Bourque:
We got into recycling
176
00:15:34,213 --> 00:15:36,613
Because we thought
it was the right thing to do.
177
00:15:39,952 --> 00:15:42,586
Of course, it is
a disposal service.
178
00:15:42,588 --> 00:15:46,523
At its core, it's taking stuff
that people don't want anymore
179
00:15:46,525 --> 00:15:51,194
And trying to do something
better than landfill with it.
180
00:15:51,196 --> 00:15:52,996
You can see the range of things
181
00:15:52,998 --> 00:15:55,065
That are coming out
of people's houses.
182
00:15:55,067 --> 00:15:56,867
10, 15 years ago,
183
00:15:56,869 --> 00:16:02,305
This would have had
a lot more aluminum,
184
00:16:02,307 --> 00:16:04,207
A lot more glass.
185
00:16:04,209 --> 00:16:08,211
It's amazing how many things
have moved to plastic.
186
00:16:39,878 --> 00:16:43,146
Mafira: People think plastic
can be recycled,
187
00:16:43,148 --> 00:16:48,051
But actually, most plastic
is very hard to recycle.
188
00:16:48,053 --> 00:16:51,555
So this is data from
the world economic forum.
189
00:16:51,557 --> 00:16:55,892
It shows that 32%
of plastic packaging
190
00:16:55,894 --> 00:16:58,495
Ends up littering
the environment,
191
00:16:58,497 --> 00:17:03,667
40% is sitting
in a landfill somewhere,
192
00:17:03,669 --> 00:17:08,371
14% is incinerated,
14% is recycled,
193
00:17:08,373 --> 00:17:11,808
But only 2%
is effectively recycled.
194
00:17:11,810 --> 00:17:15,245
Effectively recycled means that
it's recycled into something
195
00:17:15,247 --> 00:17:19,382
That's actually as useful
as what it was before.
196
00:17:19,384 --> 00:17:21,351
Most of it is down cycled,
197
00:17:21,353 --> 00:17:25,288
Meaning that it becomes
something worse.
198
00:17:25,290 --> 00:17:27,090
Unlike glass and metals,
199
00:17:27,092 --> 00:17:29,593
Plastics degrade
when they're recycled.
200
00:17:29,595 --> 00:17:32,562
Most recycled plastic
is only recycled
201
00:17:32,564 --> 00:17:35,365
Once before ending up
in landfills,
202
00:17:35,367 --> 00:17:38,001
Incinerators,
and the environment.
203
00:17:50,716 --> 00:17:53,016
Cities around us
had kind of caved
204
00:17:53,018 --> 00:17:57,587
To collect
all plastics campaign
205
00:17:57,589 --> 00:18:00,557
Of the american chemistry
council.
206
00:18:00,559 --> 00:18:03,026
Narrator: Plastics recycling
is pretty cool.
207
00:18:03,028 --> 00:18:05,929
And today, we're recycling more
and more.
208
00:18:05,931 --> 00:18:08,932
Recycling plastics is a fairly
simple process.
209
00:18:11,170 --> 00:18:16,373
In 2013, under significant
pressure from our city council,
210
00:18:16,375 --> 00:18:20,844
We began accepting non-bottle
mixed rigid plastic.
211
00:18:20,846 --> 00:18:23,480
So all the plastic containers --
berry containers,
212
00:18:23,482 --> 00:18:27,384
Keg cups, plastic cold cups,
you know, from starbucks.
213
00:18:29,621 --> 00:18:31,888
Procter and gamble
wants us all to believe
214
00:18:31,890 --> 00:18:33,857
That all their packaged goods
215
00:18:33,859 --> 00:18:37,894
Are in totally environmentally
sound packaging.
216
00:18:37,896 --> 00:18:42,799
They want us all using
single-use packaged products
217
00:18:42,801 --> 00:18:45,535
So that we're just
on the supply chain.
218
00:18:48,974 --> 00:18:50,574
It's totally unfair
to the cities
219
00:18:50,576 --> 00:18:52,042
And the recyclers
on the back end
220
00:18:52,044 --> 00:18:55,011
Because then everyone says,
"oh, it's recyclable.
221
00:18:55,013 --> 00:18:58,715
You should collect it."
well, then what?
222
00:18:58,717 --> 00:19:02,219
We have to pay to sort it,
we have to pay to process it,
223
00:19:02,221 --> 00:19:04,354
And then we don't have
any markets for it.
224
00:19:06,425 --> 00:19:08,058
Once we said
we would accept it
225
00:19:08,060 --> 00:19:11,328
And we would start sorting it
and packing it for export,
226
00:19:11,330 --> 00:19:13,096
It was just like
the floodgates were open.
227
00:19:13,098 --> 00:19:18,235
I mean, the tons went up
and up and up and up and up.
228
00:19:18,237 --> 00:19:19,703
Because china was buying it,
229
00:19:19,705 --> 00:19:21,738
There actually was a market
for that stuff,
230
00:19:21,740 --> 00:19:26,509
And even if we couldn't afford
to sort it out here,
231
00:19:26,511 --> 00:19:28,278
We could bail it up
and ship it
232
00:19:28,280 --> 00:19:29,646
In a shipping container
over there
233
00:19:29,648 --> 00:19:31,748
And somebody over there
would sort it out.
234
00:19:40,592 --> 00:19:42,592
Morawski: The united states
was shipping over 50%
235
00:19:42,594 --> 00:19:44,127
Of its plastics to china.
236
00:19:44,129 --> 00:19:45,762
The situation was
very similar in europe.
237
00:19:45,764 --> 00:19:47,697
We were just shipping it
all to china.
238
00:19:47,699 --> 00:19:49,132
China will deal with it.
239
00:19:49,134 --> 00:19:51,468
And we built up
these big recycling programs
240
00:19:51,470 --> 00:19:53,236
And everything was
about recycle, recycle,
241
00:19:53,238 --> 00:19:56,439
Recycle, recycle
is the solution to everything
242
00:19:56,441 --> 00:19:58,241
Because we had china there.
243
00:19:58,243 --> 00:20:00,043
So china has just said,
"you know what?
244
00:20:00,045 --> 00:20:01,544
We're sick of being
a dumping ground
245
00:20:01,546 --> 00:20:04,214
And we don't want this stuff
introduced into our country."
246
00:20:16,662 --> 00:20:18,962
They're useless --
plastics.
247
00:20:18,964 --> 00:20:22,065
Many of them
are single-use containers,
248
00:20:22,067 --> 00:20:24,968
Low value plastics, films.
249
00:20:24,970 --> 00:20:27,904
So in general,
we see this as a positive.
250
00:20:27,906 --> 00:20:33,343
This gives a chance to upgrade
our recycling industry.
251
00:20:33,345 --> 00:20:37,347
The chinese waste ban
has really been
252
00:20:37,349 --> 00:20:39,549
A shocking event for europe.
253
00:20:39,551 --> 00:20:43,219
People didn't know that
their recycled plastic
254
00:20:43,221 --> 00:20:45,588
Was actually being
shipped to china.
255
00:20:52,564 --> 00:20:54,464
The waste that used to be
shipped elsewhere
256
00:20:54,466 --> 00:20:58,168
Is now here for us to deal with
and we have to confront it,
257
00:20:58,170 --> 00:21:03,506
Because in europe, we really
have plastic waste piling up.
258
00:21:03,508 --> 00:21:05,742
Morawski: I see the china thing
as a reckoning
259
00:21:05,744 --> 00:21:08,178
Because it's all been
this false market
260
00:21:08,180 --> 00:21:11,481
Where we've just been
shipping stuff to china.
261
00:21:11,483 --> 00:21:15,151
Bourque: It starts backing up.
It's not getting exported,
262
00:21:15,153 --> 00:21:17,153
So what's going
to happen with it?
263
00:21:35,907 --> 00:21:42,512
When the ban happened in china,
businessmen went to thailand,
264
00:21:42,514 --> 00:21:44,447
Vietnam, or other countries.
265
00:21:49,221 --> 00:21:51,654
Bourque: A year ago,
china was taking 10 times
266
00:21:51,656 --> 00:21:53,857
The amount of plastic
they're taking today.
267
00:21:56,228 --> 00:21:59,362
And that is a massive
amount of plastic.
268
00:22:04,302 --> 00:22:06,569
So if you think we're just
going to take it from china
269
00:22:06,571 --> 00:22:11,007
And ship it to thailand
or indonesia or vietnam,
270
00:22:11,009 --> 00:22:15,478
They don't have that
kind of capacity today.
271
00:22:15,480 --> 00:22:17,514
So whatever
kind of infrastructure
272
00:22:17,516 --> 00:22:21,985
Is being developed
has got to be pretty ad hoc.
273
00:22:21,987 --> 00:22:24,120
You know, could range
from somebody's backyard
274
00:22:24,122 --> 00:22:30,794
To a partly covered warehouse,
and that is very concerning.
275
00:22:39,571 --> 00:22:45,275
From U.S.
It's texas.
276
00:22:45,277 --> 00:22:47,343
Yeah, it's from australia.
277
00:22:47,345 --> 00:22:52,449
It's from toronto.
Toronto.
278
00:22:55,454 --> 00:22:58,855
These are nestlé from U.K.
279
00:22:58,857 --> 00:23:02,425
Yeah, this one from oregon,
from oregon.
280
00:23:02,427 --> 00:23:08,364
From new zealand,
dunkin' donut.
281
00:23:08,366 --> 00:23:11,968
Radok is unilever.
Teavana.
282
00:23:18,310 --> 00:23:22,679
What do you think somebody
is really going to do with this?
283
00:23:22,681 --> 00:23:29,919
It's all different colors.
It's got film and plastic.
284
00:23:29,921 --> 00:23:33,790
You got seven
different kinds of resin.
285
00:23:33,792 --> 00:23:39,596
This stuff's been printed on,
so there's ink in the plastic.
286
00:23:39,598 --> 00:23:44,834
You know what -- what are you
really going to make with it?
287
00:23:44,836 --> 00:23:47,604
And they have to be able
to tell the difference
288
00:23:47,606 --> 00:23:53,943
Between this clear plastic
and this clear plastic,
289
00:23:53,945 --> 00:23:59,015
Which look the same to you
and me, but they're not.
290
00:23:59,017 --> 00:24:01,651
And so, how do they do that?
291
00:24:01,653 --> 00:24:06,589
They have special tests.
They can -- they can hear it,
292
00:24:06,591 --> 00:24:10,360
Or they'll light it on fire
and smell the smoke.
293
00:24:10,362 --> 00:24:12,295
That's got to be good
for your health.
294
00:24:47,132 --> 00:24:48,598
Bourque:
When you sort this stuff out,
295
00:24:48,600 --> 00:24:52,235
The next thing then is to take
those sorted materials
296
00:24:52,237 --> 00:24:55,772
And chip it up into
a little quarter-size flake,
297
00:24:55,774 --> 00:24:58,508
Is what they call it,
and then wash it.
298
00:25:02,147 --> 00:25:04,447
Well, what's happening
with all that wash water?
299
00:25:04,449 --> 00:25:07,450
Is that just getting dumped into
somebody else's drinking water
300
00:25:07,452 --> 00:25:10,286
Or is it being dumped
into an estuary
301
00:25:10,288 --> 00:25:15,191
And polluting the estuary
with soaps and food and poisons?
302
00:25:20,298 --> 00:25:21,931
And what about
when you melt the plastic?
303
00:25:21,933 --> 00:25:24,500
Because the next thing you do
is you take that flake
304
00:25:24,502 --> 00:25:26,035
And you melt it down
305
00:25:26,037 --> 00:25:29,238
And extrude it out
into these long spaghetti chains
306
00:25:29,240 --> 00:25:33,109
And then you chop those up
into little pellets or nurdles.
307
00:25:35,447 --> 00:25:37,647
And when you melt it,
a lot of these plastics
308
00:25:37,649 --> 00:25:41,084
Release toxic volatile organic
compounds, vocs,
309
00:25:41,086 --> 00:25:43,453
That are not
good to breathe.
310
00:25:46,791 --> 00:25:50,226
The problem is that there is
no place for this stuff to go.
311
00:28:06,698 --> 00:28:09,799
The most difficult part of waste
sorting is done
312
00:28:09,801 --> 00:28:11,901
By the waste picker who are
mostly women,
313
00:28:11,903 --> 00:28:13,436
Mostly marginalized.
314
00:28:13,438 --> 00:28:16,806
And they also get the least
benefit from the system.
315
00:28:18,543 --> 00:28:21,477
If they were not there,
the entire recycling pyramid
316
00:28:21,479 --> 00:28:23,513
Would have collapsed.
317
00:28:25,717 --> 00:28:28,284
If we go back 16, 17 years,
318
00:28:28,286 --> 00:28:31,087
There was not so much plastic
that was found.
319
00:28:31,089 --> 00:28:34,157
It was mostly metal,
iron, aluminum.
320
00:28:34,159 --> 00:28:36,058
Now they are doing
321
00:28:36,060 --> 00:28:40,263
83 kind of separation
within plastic itself.
322
00:29:27,212 --> 00:29:29,512
We had double digits
in asia pacific,
323
00:29:29,514 --> 00:29:32,114
We have double digits
in other parts of the world.
324
00:29:32,116 --> 00:29:34,317
But it's because you've got
a growing economy
325
00:29:34,319 --> 00:29:35,818
And you've got
a change in markets.
326
00:29:35,820 --> 00:29:38,855
People are moving
from fresh foods
327
00:29:38,857 --> 00:29:41,090
That are not processed
to packaged.
328
00:29:41,092 --> 00:29:45,127
Things like fast foods
packaged food, processed foods,
329
00:29:45,129 --> 00:29:50,333
These are new to india because
indians like to eat fresh food.
330
00:29:50,335 --> 00:29:53,703
India is a place where
people naturally reuse things,
331
00:29:53,705 --> 00:29:57,707
Nothing was torn away.
It is not a throwaway society
332
00:29:57,709 --> 00:30:01,377
Because it is not a consumerist
society to begin with.
333
00:30:01,379 --> 00:30:05,147
That sense of thrift,
that sense of carefulness,
334
00:30:05,149 --> 00:30:07,350
That respectful materials
is going away,
335
00:30:07,352 --> 00:30:09,051
And that's a terrible loss.
336
00:30:10,570 --> 00:30:13,571
The industry likes to talk about
all the advanced products
337
00:30:13,573 --> 00:30:16,341
And lifesaving devices
the plastics contribute to,
338
00:30:16,343 --> 00:30:17,909
Which is true.
339
00:30:17,911 --> 00:30:20,178
Narrator: From
heart valves to helmets,
340
00:30:20,180 --> 00:30:23,948
Can you think of one material
that does more?
341
00:30:23,950 --> 00:30:28,386
But what makes up the bulk
of demand for plastic right now
342
00:30:28,388 --> 00:30:30,054
Is packaging.
343
00:30:30,056 --> 00:30:32,223
Pieces of plastic
that will get used once
344
00:30:32,225 --> 00:30:34,392
And thrown away
and never used again,
345
00:30:34,394 --> 00:30:38,229
And in most cases,
never cleaned up.
346
00:30:38,231 --> 00:30:40,632
Shibu k n:
The fast-moving consumer
goods in india.
347
00:30:40,634 --> 00:30:43,902
Almost 100% are packed in
one-time use plastics.
348
00:30:43,904 --> 00:30:47,372
For example, one rupee sachet
for a shampoo,
349
00:30:47,374 --> 00:30:51,509
Or one rupee sachet with oil.
350
00:30:51,511 --> 00:30:54,813
They want them essentially
to capture
351
00:30:54,815 --> 00:30:57,315
The poor sectors of the market,
and to do that,
352
00:30:57,317 --> 00:31:00,084
They came up with sachets.
353
00:31:00,086 --> 00:31:02,854
Sachets are
multi-layers of materials --
354
00:31:02,856 --> 00:31:05,657
Plastic, aluminum,
or a bit of paper,
355
00:31:05,659 --> 00:31:08,760
It comes in small volume
for a single use
356
00:31:08,762 --> 00:31:11,029
And is meant to be disposed
right after.
357
00:31:14,265 --> 00:31:15,998
Shibu k n:
When these global companies
came in,
358
00:31:16,000 --> 00:31:17,666
We were happy to see that.
359
00:31:17,668 --> 00:31:20,636
Okay, we are also getting
the same quality of life
360
00:31:20,638 --> 00:31:22,004
Enjoyed by the west.
361
00:31:22,006 --> 00:31:25,073
And now we realize
that there is a double standard.
362
00:31:38,088 --> 00:31:41,056
Alvarés: Working in this global
movement is allowing us
363
00:31:41,058 --> 00:31:43,058
To point out
the companies in europe,
364
00:31:43,060 --> 00:31:45,160
When they have
this green discord,
365
00:31:45,162 --> 00:31:49,498
And we can tell them this is
maybe what you're doing here,
366
00:31:49,500 --> 00:31:51,300
But this is not
what you're doing
367
00:31:51,302 --> 00:31:52,968
In other parts of the world.
368
00:31:52,970 --> 00:31:54,870
And if you want to be credible,
369
00:31:54,872 --> 00:31:58,073
You will have to align
your actions
370
00:31:58,075 --> 00:32:02,377
Everywhere with
what you're saying.
371
00:32:02,379 --> 00:32:05,080
So this is head and shoulders,
body ninja,
372
00:32:05,082 --> 00:32:07,349
It's multi-layered,
it's non-recyclable.
373
00:32:07,351 --> 00:32:10,953
And this is what we find
on the shelves in belgium
374
00:32:10,955 --> 00:32:12,221
And in most of europe.
375
00:32:12,223 --> 00:32:15,290
So the same product,
same brand, same company,
376
00:32:15,292 --> 00:32:18,260
Different format,
recyclable bottle.
377
00:32:18,262 --> 00:32:21,063
The producer has paid a fee
to cover
378
00:32:21,065 --> 00:32:23,532
Part of the waste collection
and waste management costs.
379
00:32:23,534 --> 00:32:26,735
While here, you have
absolutely nothing.
380
00:32:26,737 --> 00:32:28,303
It's not covered at all.
381
00:32:28,305 --> 00:32:30,205
So, yeah, in the very country
382
00:32:30,207 --> 00:32:33,075
Where they have to implement
waste management
383
00:32:33,077 --> 00:32:35,911
And waste collection system
and they need money
384
00:32:35,913 --> 00:32:38,380
And funding to build
these infrastructures,
385
00:32:38,382 --> 00:32:40,082
The producers are not
contributing
386
00:32:40,084 --> 00:32:42,417
To the end of life
of this product,
387
00:32:42,419 --> 00:32:46,688
While in europe applying
a double standard, they are.
388
00:32:46,690 --> 00:32:48,991
Ironically, asia has been
identified
389
00:32:48,993 --> 00:32:52,561
As a key source of the problem
of plastic pollution --
390
00:32:52,563 --> 00:32:54,162
The oceans...
391
00:32:54,164 --> 00:32:56,932
About 60% of plastic
in the ocean
392
00:32:56,934 --> 00:33:01,136
Comes from five countries
in southeast asia.
393
00:33:01,138 --> 00:33:03,572
Hernandez:
...When in fact the decisions
are made in the boardrooms
394
00:33:03,574 --> 00:33:07,309
Of companies in the west.
395
00:33:07,311 --> 00:33:09,311
There's a real problem of blame
396
00:33:09,313 --> 00:33:11,647
When it comes
to plastic pollution.
397
00:33:11,649 --> 00:33:14,249
When you have companies
like unilever,
398
00:33:14,251 --> 00:33:15,851
Nestlé,
and procter and gamble
399
00:33:15,853 --> 00:33:18,053
And all of these
other multinationals
400
00:33:18,055 --> 00:33:19,655
Going into these markets
401
00:33:19,657 --> 00:33:25,394
Aggressively marketing single
service products on populations
402
00:33:25,396 --> 00:33:27,596
That have no way
of dealing with it.
403
00:33:27,598 --> 00:33:29,598
Maybe just not so long ago,
404
00:33:29,600 --> 00:33:33,335
Everything was packaged
in natural products.
405
00:33:33,337 --> 00:33:35,404
Maybe they live
on a tiny island
406
00:33:35,406 --> 00:33:38,707
That doesn't have a formalized
system of waste collection.
407
00:33:38,709 --> 00:33:41,276
And then you're saying
that they're at fault for this.
408
00:33:41,278 --> 00:33:42,644
And on top of that,
409
00:33:42,646 --> 00:33:47,950
We are shipping our waste
there to be treated.
410
00:33:47,952 --> 00:33:50,652
This is absolutely
a western problem
411
00:33:50,654 --> 00:33:53,722
That we have exported
to other parts of the world,
412
00:33:53,724 --> 00:33:56,391
And now we have the cheek to say
that they are the problem.
413
00:34:01,132 --> 00:34:03,399
Pampers?
414
00:34:03,401 --> 00:34:06,202
No washing, no mess,
you just use them once.
415
00:34:06,204 --> 00:34:08,671
Narrator: Pampers,
procter and gamble discovery
416
00:34:08,673 --> 00:34:10,840
That makes
diapers old fashioned.
417
00:34:10,842 --> 00:34:13,409
Just follow the directions
and flush away.
418
00:35:33,057 --> 00:35:36,058
Carpenter:
One of the biggest questions
that we're facing is,
419
00:35:36,060 --> 00:35:40,796
"how do we get
out of the fossil fuel economy?"
420
00:35:40,798 --> 00:35:42,965
I've heard some criticism
421
00:35:42,967 --> 00:35:45,301
That the concern
about plastic pollution
422
00:35:45,303 --> 00:35:48,604
Is a distraction from the bigger
problem of climate change.
423
00:35:50,741 --> 00:35:52,074
But my conclusion
from doing this
424
00:35:52,076 --> 00:35:54,777
Reporting is it's all part
of the same problem.
425
00:36:03,254 --> 00:36:06,856
Presently, we've discovered
that the seven most produced
426
00:36:06,858 --> 00:36:10,960
And consumed types of plastic
produce greenhouse gases.
427
00:36:10,962 --> 00:36:14,130
As plastic degrades
in the environment,
428
00:36:14,132 --> 00:36:17,933
It would just be producing more
and more gases with time.
429
00:36:20,304 --> 00:36:22,738
Alvarés: We are really making
the connection
430
00:36:22,740 --> 00:36:24,507
Between the plastics issue
431
00:36:24,509 --> 00:36:27,076
And what's happening
with the climate movement
432
00:36:27,078 --> 00:36:31,180
Because all of their efforts
can be completely offset
433
00:36:31,182 --> 00:36:33,082
By the fact that the fossil fuel
434
00:36:33,084 --> 00:36:36,018
That we're not using anymore
for transport and energy
435
00:36:36,020 --> 00:36:37,853
Is now being used
to produce cheap plastics,
436
00:36:37,855 --> 00:36:39,655
And it's going to be burnt
and is going to release
437
00:36:39,657 --> 00:36:41,190
Co2 in the atmosphere.
438
00:36:43,427 --> 00:36:44,827
Simon:
If we don't do things right,
439
00:36:44,829 --> 00:36:47,930
All this plastic might end up
in incinerators.
440
00:36:47,932 --> 00:36:50,499
And that's something
we'll have to watch closely.
441
00:36:50,501 --> 00:36:52,101
It's a real danger.
442
00:37:05,616 --> 00:37:07,116
More and more community leaders,
443
00:37:07,118 --> 00:37:09,351
Entrepreneurs,
and people like you and me
444
00:37:09,353 --> 00:37:11,787
Are starting to think
about trash
445
00:37:11,789 --> 00:37:13,756
As a valuable energy resource.
446
00:37:13,758 --> 00:37:17,293
It's called energy recovery,
and simply put,
447
00:37:17,295 --> 00:37:21,497
It's the process that turns
solid waste into energy.
448
00:37:21,499 --> 00:37:25,634
Sounds good, maybe,
449
00:37:25,636 --> 00:37:30,072
But there's also
a lot of toxic crap in there
450
00:37:30,074 --> 00:37:31,840
That you don't want in your air.
451
00:37:51,229 --> 00:37:53,262
The first thing we do
when we get up is
452
00:37:53,264 --> 00:37:55,397
Look out of the window
to see how much smoke
453
00:37:55,399 --> 00:37:56,999
Is coming out of that plant.
454
00:37:57,001 --> 00:38:00,636
It's like living
next to a volcano, actually.
455
00:38:00,638 --> 00:38:02,171
You know, you never know.
456
00:38:02,173 --> 00:38:04,907
Sometimes large copious
amounts of smoke
457
00:38:04,909 --> 00:38:06,542
Come out of these two chimneys.
458
00:38:06,544 --> 00:38:10,379
They can be seen
for miles around.
459
00:38:10,381 --> 00:38:14,350
It burns 2,000 tons of
unsegregated waste per day.
460
00:38:14,352 --> 00:38:17,419
A large component of that
is just plastic.
461
00:38:21,192 --> 00:38:23,626
It's a cocktail of every kind
of dangerous thing
462
00:38:23,628 --> 00:38:24,994
That you can think of --
463
00:38:24,996 --> 00:38:31,567
Dioxins, furans, lead, cadmium,
mercury, all of that.
464
00:38:31,569 --> 00:38:34,270
They send samples of
the flash to a lab in london,
465
00:38:34,272 --> 00:38:39,008
They said, "please evacuate
immediately."
466
00:38:39,010 --> 00:38:40,643
That's what it said.
467
00:38:43,714 --> 00:38:46,849
Misra:
We have seen a lot of changes
since the incident at cayman.
468
00:38:46,851 --> 00:38:49,485
You find a lot of people
who never ever had
469
00:38:49,487 --> 00:38:51,420
Any respiratory problem,
470
00:38:51,422 --> 00:38:54,623
They are coming
with respiratory distress.
471
00:38:54,625 --> 00:38:56,759
Then there's severe dermatitis
472
00:38:56,761 --> 00:39:00,663
And a lot of skin rashes,
which were not there before.
473
00:39:00,665 --> 00:39:04,566
These dioxins cause infertility
and even long-term effects
474
00:39:04,568 --> 00:39:06,068
On our fetuses.
475
00:39:06,070 --> 00:39:08,537
They are hormone disrupters,
476
00:39:08,539 --> 00:39:11,907
And also, they are carcinogenic.
477
00:39:11,909 --> 00:39:14,043
And that is proven.
There's nothing to be proved.
478
00:39:15,613 --> 00:39:19,548
It started so gradually that
we did not notice the process.
479
00:39:19,550 --> 00:39:23,085
But now that we look back,
it's so clear.
480
00:39:23,087 --> 00:39:25,654
I grew up here,
so I have a lot of memories
481
00:39:25,656 --> 00:39:27,256
Attached to this place.
482
00:39:27,258 --> 00:39:30,259
Before I remember,
we used to play outside,
483
00:39:30,261 --> 00:39:33,429
And now, kids stopped
coming outside and playing.
484
00:39:33,431 --> 00:39:38,100
So that is how we were caged
inside our own homes.
485
00:39:38,102 --> 00:39:39,668
When I went to the doctor,
486
00:39:39,670 --> 00:39:41,737
He told me
it looks from your lungs
487
00:39:41,739 --> 00:39:44,907
That either you're a smoker
or you work in the mines.
488
00:39:47,078 --> 00:39:50,446
Devraj: The plant projects
itself as doing a great service
489
00:39:50,448 --> 00:39:53,115
To the community
by getting rid of their garbage,
490
00:39:53,117 --> 00:39:54,850
But this is
the wrong way to do it.
491
00:39:57,488 --> 00:39:59,254
The main thing
that this incinerator does
492
00:39:59,256 --> 00:40:02,958
Is it reduces the volume
of your garbage,
493
00:40:02,960 --> 00:40:06,128
So you're having
a mountain of garbage,
494
00:40:06,130 --> 00:40:08,797
You have a hillock of fly ash
and bottom ash,
495
00:40:08,799 --> 00:40:10,699
Which is very, very toxic.
496
00:40:13,371 --> 00:40:15,204
They don't want
the recycling to happen.
497
00:40:15,206 --> 00:40:17,306
They chase away
the waste pickers.
498
00:40:17,308 --> 00:40:21,110
They need that plastic,
so they burn everything else.
499
00:40:21,112 --> 00:40:23,512
Plastic burns
and burns very well
500
00:40:23,514 --> 00:40:26,115
Because it's
made of petrochemicals.
501
00:40:26,117 --> 00:40:27,683
They want you to
use more plastic
502
00:40:27,685 --> 00:40:29,752
Because that's
what is their fuel.
503
00:40:34,458 --> 00:40:39,161
It's basically our trash monster
that will just desperately eat
504
00:40:39,163 --> 00:40:40,996
As much plastic as it can,
505
00:40:40,998 --> 00:40:45,734
And not only will it be happy to
get non-recyclable packaging,
506
00:40:45,736 --> 00:40:49,138
But all the plastic that's going
for recycling currently
507
00:40:49,140 --> 00:40:52,674
Will essentially
be institutionally diverted,
508
00:40:52,676 --> 00:40:55,043
Even if it's at the cost
of the environment,
509
00:40:55,045 --> 00:40:58,447
Human development,
and economic inclusion.
510
00:41:04,822 --> 00:41:06,989
Carpenter:
Groups that have been fighting
local struggles
511
00:41:06,991 --> 00:41:11,994
Against particular segments
of the fossil fuel economy
512
00:41:11,996 --> 00:41:14,730
Are now linking together
in this much broader movement
513
00:41:14,732 --> 00:41:18,367
That looks at the whole chain
of damage
514
00:41:18,369 --> 00:41:23,305
From resource extraction
to waste incinerators.
515
00:41:23,307 --> 00:41:27,009
These disparate struggles
that seem unconnected --
516
00:41:27,011 --> 00:41:28,143
A neighborhood
in the philippines
517
00:41:28,145 --> 00:41:30,479
That's awash in plastic trash,
518
00:41:30,481 --> 00:41:37,519
A pipeline in pennsylvania,
a single refinery in texas --
519
00:41:37,521 --> 00:41:40,355
They're all part of this web
of plastics infrastructure
520
00:41:40,357 --> 00:41:43,258
That is all working together
to massively increase
521
00:41:43,260 --> 00:41:45,627
The amount of plastics
out in the world.
522
00:41:52,503 --> 00:41:55,103
Bourque:
Why is it that we're seeing
so much more plastics
523
00:41:55,105 --> 00:41:56,205
Entering the environment?
524
00:41:57,842 --> 00:42:00,108
I just wanna say
one word to you.
525
00:42:00,110 --> 00:42:03,078
Just one word...
526
00:42:03,080 --> 00:42:04,780
Fracking.
527
00:42:04,782 --> 00:42:08,550
It's making natural gas cheaper
than it's ever been.
528
00:42:08,552 --> 00:42:11,653
We're talking about double
digit gains in businesses
529
00:42:11,655 --> 00:42:14,523
That I didn't think had
even single-digit growth.
530
00:42:14,525 --> 00:42:16,058
How are you putting up
these numbers?
531
00:42:16,060 --> 00:42:17,993
Well, we have
a very focused team, jim.
532
00:42:17,995 --> 00:42:20,929
We also built a lot of assets
on the U.S. Gulf coast
533
00:42:20,931 --> 00:42:22,998
To take advantage
of shale gas.
534
00:42:35,779 --> 00:42:39,381
Bush: The energy policy act of
2005, provides incentives
535
00:42:39,383 --> 00:42:43,886
For oil refineries
to expand their capacity.
536
00:42:43,888 --> 00:42:45,320
The bill includes tax incentives
537
00:42:45,322 --> 00:42:49,491
To encourage new construction
of natural gas pipelines.
538
00:42:49,493 --> 00:42:51,727
The united states,
north america sits on
539
00:42:51,729 --> 00:42:54,897
A very large
hydrocarbon resource base.
540
00:42:54,899 --> 00:42:58,467
When we see the fact that
we have low-priced natural gas,
541
00:42:58,469 --> 00:43:01,770
Which we think will be around
for a long time,
542
00:43:01,772 --> 00:43:04,473
That is leading to a flood
of new investments.
543
00:43:06,410 --> 00:43:09,111
If we have availability
of cheap fossil fuel,
544
00:43:09,113 --> 00:43:11,947
We're going to have availability
of dirty chemicals
545
00:43:11,949 --> 00:43:13,549
And of cheap plastics.
546
00:43:13,551 --> 00:43:16,385
Maximizing the value of all the
molecules
547
00:43:16,387 --> 00:43:17,653
From a barrel crude oil,
548
00:43:17,655 --> 00:43:19,521
That's been foundational
for how we've approached
549
00:43:19,523 --> 00:43:21,957
The chemical business
for decades.
550
00:43:23,294 --> 00:43:25,093
And this is where the show
551
00:43:25,095 --> 00:43:30,132
In the totals, you know, comes
from -- comes from petrol,
552
00:43:30,134 --> 00:43:31,266
Oil and gas.
553
00:43:31,268 --> 00:43:34,937
-It's plastic.
-Is that a freaking straw?
554
00:43:34,939 --> 00:43:36,738
I'm so sorry, baby.
555
00:43:41,720 --> 00:43:44,654
Villa: Watt: I think people
don't necessarily think about
556
00:43:44,656 --> 00:43:50,527
What plastics are made of,
where plastics come from,
557
00:43:50,529 --> 00:43:53,663
Other than on the shelf of
like a grocery store
558
00:43:53,665 --> 00:43:55,632
Or some sort of a market.
559
00:43:55,634 --> 00:43:58,568
But the reality is that
the chemicals that are needed
560
00:43:58,570 --> 00:44:02,872
To create plastics
come from the shale formations
561
00:44:02,874 --> 00:44:06,643
From these oil
and gas pockets in the rock.
562
00:44:06,645 --> 00:44:08,845
You can't talk about one
without the other.
563
00:44:16,288 --> 00:44:17,787
In these oil and gas pockets,
564
00:44:17,789 --> 00:44:21,958
You also have chemicals
like benzene and toulene
565
00:44:21,960 --> 00:44:24,027
And ethyl benzene
and xylene
566
00:44:24,029 --> 00:44:27,397
That are all extremely harmful
for your health.
567
00:44:29,835 --> 00:44:32,802
Plastics doesn't just
cause pollution in the ocean
568
00:44:32,804 --> 00:44:36,039
Or on the ground,
it's also causing pollution
569
00:44:36,041 --> 00:44:38,842
Where it's coming from
at the point of extraction.
570
00:44:48,487 --> 00:44:52,422
I work with community members
that are living 500 feet
571
00:44:52,424 --> 00:44:57,527
From a facility that's
the size of a football field.
572
00:44:57,529 --> 00:45:00,830
Now some of the residents
depend on medication
573
00:45:00,832 --> 00:45:04,768
To get through the day because
their headaches are so bad,
574
00:45:04,770 --> 00:45:07,103
Or they have chronic
respiratory issues
575
00:45:07,105 --> 00:45:08,905
And so they can't breathe.
576
00:45:11,043 --> 00:45:13,877
Their lives were
dramatically changed
577
00:45:13,879 --> 00:45:16,579
Over a period of five
or six years.
578
00:45:21,620 --> 00:45:23,586
Man: This is our dream home.
579
00:45:23,588 --> 00:45:26,056
We thought we were
coming into a great area
580
00:45:26,058 --> 00:45:28,858
To where we could
live out our years,
581
00:45:28,860 --> 00:45:32,262
And then this stuff
started turning up.
582
00:45:32,264 --> 00:45:33,496
You're not showing my face,
are you?
583
00:45:33,498 --> 00:45:35,965
-No.
-Okay.
584
00:45:39,538 --> 00:45:45,408
The pollution has gotten way
out of hand.
585
00:45:45,410 --> 00:45:47,410
Everybody has to drink
bottled water.
586
00:45:47,412 --> 00:45:49,946
There's a water well on my
place,
587
00:45:49,948 --> 00:45:51,381
We don't we don't drink the
water because
588
00:45:51,383 --> 00:45:53,349
We know damn well
we can't use that water.
589
00:45:55,153 --> 00:45:57,587
We don't know what's coming out
of that flare,
590
00:45:57,589 --> 00:45:59,489
And they won't tell us.
591
00:45:59,491 --> 00:46:01,925
You know, I think
that these oil companies are --
592
00:46:01,927 --> 00:46:03,626
They think
they're above the law.
593
00:46:08,333 --> 00:46:10,500
Carpenter:
When we talk about a community
like karnes county,
594
00:46:10,502 --> 00:46:14,904
We're talking about the effects
of extracting for the chemicals
595
00:46:14,906 --> 00:46:16,806
That we need to make plastics.
596
00:46:31,089 --> 00:46:34,224
Pompeo:
I spent a fair amount of time
in the oil and gas industry.
597
00:46:34,226 --> 00:46:38,094
My time as secretary of state
isn't that far removed
598
00:46:38,096 --> 00:46:40,430
From what I did
running that small company.
599
00:46:40,432 --> 00:46:42,966
New drilling technology
and greater energy output
600
00:46:42,968 --> 00:46:47,570
Are transforming american life
and lives all around the world.
601
00:46:47,572 --> 00:46:50,473
It took our shale producers
and risk takers
602
00:46:50,475 --> 00:46:53,109
And it took congress lifting
the oil export ban in 2015,
603
00:46:53,111 --> 00:46:54,577
Which I voted for.
604
00:46:54,579 --> 00:46:57,747
You should all see me
as I walk out and say thanks.
605
00:47:31,870 --> 00:47:36,105
Come here.
Get over here. Get over here.
606
00:47:36,107 --> 00:47:39,108
My name is elise gerhart.
I'm 31 years old.
607
00:47:39,110 --> 00:47:40,777
I live in huntington,
pennsylvania.
608
00:47:40,779 --> 00:47:43,246
I was born here, raised here.
609
00:47:46,685 --> 00:47:49,819
My mom called me
to tell me happy birthday.
610
00:47:49,821 --> 00:47:53,256
And then she informed me
that there was a company
611
00:47:53,258 --> 00:47:55,358
Who wanted to build a pipeline
612
00:47:55,360 --> 00:47:58,861
Through this property here
where I grew up.
613
00:48:01,032 --> 00:48:03,099
So the mariner east project,
614
00:48:03,101 --> 00:48:07,337
It's a project built
to transport natural gas liquids
615
00:48:07,339 --> 00:48:11,307
To an industrial complex
near philadelphia.
616
00:48:11,309 --> 00:48:13,242
Those would go from
the port there,
617
00:48:13,244 --> 00:48:15,111
All the way across the atlantic
618
00:48:15,113 --> 00:48:19,682
To a facility in scotland,
so that they can make plastic.
619
00:48:22,253 --> 00:48:25,254
The company puts out
all kinds of propaganda,
620
00:48:25,256 --> 00:48:28,124
Saying that the project
has something to do
621
00:48:28,126 --> 00:48:31,060
With american energy
independence,
622
00:48:31,062 --> 00:48:32,261
That it has to do with
623
00:48:32,263 --> 00:48:35,999
People heating their homes
during the winter.
624
00:48:36,001 --> 00:48:38,534
And none of that is true.
625
00:48:38,536 --> 00:48:43,139
Narrator:
America relies on energy.
We get it to you safely.
626
00:48:43,141 --> 00:48:45,508
We are sunoco pipeline.
627
00:48:47,512 --> 00:48:48,978
Elise:
It makes me really angry
628
00:48:48,980 --> 00:48:52,148
Because as soon as I started
doing research on this project,
629
00:48:52,150 --> 00:48:55,084
It was very clear
what the intent was.
630
00:48:55,086 --> 00:48:56,519
You know,
it's publicly available,
631
00:48:56,521 --> 00:49:01,891
And yet, we have these judges
saying that those companies
632
00:49:01,893 --> 00:49:07,163
Can take our property for their
own private use to make plastic.
633
00:49:14,039 --> 00:49:17,540
I've only been paying attention
to pipelines for a couple years
634
00:49:17,542 --> 00:49:20,309
And it seems to happen
every couple of months.
635
00:49:20,311 --> 00:49:22,512
There's like an enormous
pipeline explosion,
636
00:49:22,514 --> 00:49:24,480
Like a major incident.
637
00:49:31,456 --> 00:49:33,523
I mean, people's houses
burning down,
638
00:49:33,525 --> 00:49:36,025
People being severely injured
639
00:49:36,027 --> 00:49:38,227
Reporter: A gas line
outside columbus, ohio,
640
00:49:38,229 --> 00:49:39,862
Explodes,
destroying two homes...
641
00:49:39,864 --> 00:49:41,164
Man: Did you see that explode?
642
00:49:41,166 --> 00:49:42,432
Reporter:
Breaking news...
643
00:49:42,434 --> 00:49:45,168
Firefighters are racing
to contain a deadly gas
644
00:49:45,170 --> 00:49:46,803
Explosion in kentucky.
645
00:49:46,805 --> 00:49:49,572
Flames spreading to homes,
forcing evacuations.
646
00:49:51,076 --> 00:49:53,309
Elise:
I don't know what it's going
to feel like to try
647
00:49:53,311 --> 00:49:58,848
And live here every day
knowing that a leak or explosion
648
00:49:58,850 --> 00:50:01,117
Could happen
at any time with no warning
649
00:50:01,119 --> 00:50:03,019
Because you can't see it,
you can't smell it,
650
00:50:03,021 --> 00:50:05,254
You don't know
until it's too late.
651
00:50:06,189 --> 00:50:09,891
Elise: So myself and a couple
other people
652
00:50:09,893 --> 00:50:14,328
Climbed into some of the trees
and occupy them
653
00:50:14,330 --> 00:50:17,698
So that they couldn't
cut them down.
654
00:50:17,700 --> 00:50:21,002
And we had lots of people
just start coming through
655
00:50:21,004 --> 00:50:23,104
Who wanted to help out.
656
00:50:25,108 --> 00:50:26,774
But they try
to intimidate people.
657
00:50:26,776 --> 00:50:28,609
I was followed to work.
658
00:50:28,611 --> 00:50:31,412
They flew drones up
around the house
659
00:50:31,414 --> 00:50:33,848
Just looking at everything.
660
00:50:36,085 --> 00:50:39,320
Energy transfer partners
paid someone to create
661
00:50:39,322 --> 00:50:43,090
This fake facebook page saying
that I was an eco terrorist
662
00:50:43,092 --> 00:50:47,795
Trying to bring violence
into my community
663
00:50:47,797 --> 00:50:51,365
And that I need to be stopped.
664
00:50:51,367 --> 00:50:53,768
They put my partner on there,
665
00:50:53,770 --> 00:50:56,237
They put friends
of ours on there.
666
00:50:56,239 --> 00:51:00,441
They put our vehicles on there,
posted our address.
667
00:51:00,443 --> 00:51:03,344
So I had people messaging us,
668
00:51:03,346 --> 00:51:08,049
Threatening to rape us,
to kill us.
669
00:51:08,051 --> 00:51:11,385
I'm not that strong that
that's not going to affect me.
670
00:51:14,023 --> 00:51:15,656
They've got endless resources.
671
00:51:15,658 --> 00:51:17,892
You know,
we have to live our lives,
672
00:51:17,894 --> 00:51:20,795
Like I had to go to work.
673
00:51:20,797 --> 00:51:24,966
So they came,
they cut down the trees.
674
00:51:28,538 --> 00:51:31,672
Even if you can talk to people
and explain to them
675
00:51:31,674 --> 00:51:34,175
That this isn't carrying home
heating fuel,
676
00:51:34,177 --> 00:51:37,044
It's not carrying gasoline
for your car.
677
00:51:37,046 --> 00:51:38,613
Then people start bringing
in these arguments
678
00:51:38,615 --> 00:51:40,982
About plastic
and about how plastic
679
00:51:40,984 --> 00:51:43,851
Is everywhere
in our everyday lives,
680
00:51:43,853 --> 00:51:46,754
So we must need it.
681
00:51:46,756 --> 00:51:48,723
I think people have a hard time
682
00:51:48,725 --> 00:51:52,727
Picturing what life would
be like without plastic,
683
00:51:52,729 --> 00:51:55,897
And that's where I think
more people are actually duped.
684
00:52:04,774 --> 00:52:07,408
Arellano:
Houston is the home of the
largest petrochemical complex
685
00:52:07,410 --> 00:52:09,977
In the nation.
686
00:52:09,979 --> 00:52:12,580
This is what
plastic smells like.
687
00:52:12,582 --> 00:52:14,849
This is what plastic feels like.
688
00:52:14,851 --> 00:52:20,021
This is what plastic
looks like from our end.
689
00:52:30,833 --> 00:52:35,937
Some of the daily emissions
include benzene, styrene,
690
00:52:35,939 --> 00:52:40,474
1,3-butadiene, hydrogen sulfide,
hydrogen cyanide.
691
00:52:42,745 --> 00:52:45,446
What we have tried
to put in place here is again,
692
00:52:45,448 --> 00:52:51,152
Is a model that will ensure
that epa prioritizes chemicals.
693
00:52:51,154 --> 00:52:53,588
Arellano:
Most of these chemicals
are not monitored
694
00:52:53,590 --> 00:52:54,989
And there are more chemicals
695
00:52:54,991 --> 00:52:59,594
That are delisted from epa's
watchlist than they are added.
696
00:53:02,298 --> 00:53:04,765
I want to thank
administrator curry
697
00:53:04,767 --> 00:53:06,334
From the epa,
698
00:53:06,336 --> 00:53:09,904
All the great folks who have
helped us to clear the way
699
00:53:09,906 --> 00:53:11,172
So that exxon mobil
700
00:53:11,174 --> 00:53:14,942
Can make this
multi-billion dollar investment.
701
00:53:16,479 --> 00:53:20,548
It's not uncommon to talk
to folks in the community
702
00:53:20,550 --> 00:53:24,986
And have multiple stories
of childhood leukemia,
703
00:53:24,988 --> 00:53:28,889
Brain cancer,
low birth weights, or sterility,
704
00:53:28,891 --> 00:53:31,025
Lack of motor skills,
developmental issues,
705
00:53:31,027 --> 00:53:33,561
Speech impediments.
706
00:53:33,563 --> 00:53:37,665
We have reduced our air
emissions at this site
707
00:53:37,667 --> 00:53:43,404
By about 50%.
I have never seen a project
708
00:53:43,406 --> 00:53:49,176
With a better economic
and environmental story.
709
00:53:49,178 --> 00:53:52,480
Arellano: Every time epa's
watchlist shrinks,
710
00:53:52,482 --> 00:53:54,615
Air quality gets better.
Why?
711
00:53:54,617 --> 00:53:56,651
Because it's not
being monitored.
712
00:54:11,901 --> 00:54:14,468
Both of my parents
are immigrants.
713
00:54:14,470 --> 00:54:18,572
They left mexico
to make our lives better.
714
00:54:18,574 --> 00:54:23,577
Their parents left
the rural parts of mexico
715
00:54:23,579 --> 00:54:29,116
To go into the cities
because life in rural mexico
716
00:54:29,118 --> 00:54:34,355
Was difficult because
oil companies were going in...
717
00:54:41,464 --> 00:54:43,564
That story isn't done.
718
00:54:43,566 --> 00:54:45,433
There's another family
that's living with that,
719
00:54:45,435 --> 00:54:48,602
And there's another family
that's living next to a refinery
720
00:54:48,604 --> 00:54:51,072
And there is another family
that's struggling.
721
00:54:59,215 --> 00:55:04,218
It takes outside organizations
to come in to inform residents
722
00:55:04,220 --> 00:55:07,555
About what they are living with
on a daily basis.
723
00:55:11,360 --> 00:55:15,896
So we are in the east end.
It is a cultural hub
724
00:55:15,898 --> 00:55:17,898
For everything mexican.
725
00:55:17,900 --> 00:55:20,768
You have the art,
you have the food.
726
00:55:20,770 --> 00:55:23,404
It's a place
brimming with culture.
727
00:55:23,406 --> 00:55:25,639
It's a beautiful place.
728
00:55:25,641 --> 00:55:28,375
And we are down the street
from a valero plant.
729
00:55:28,377 --> 00:55:33,647
That's what there is
a lot of here, a lot of plants.
730
00:55:33,649 --> 00:55:35,816
I think the farthest that
I've ever lived from a planet
731
00:55:35,818 --> 00:55:38,319
Has been 2 1/2 miles.
732
00:55:47,063 --> 00:55:50,631
My friends are having kids
and it's, hey, you know,
733
00:55:50,633 --> 00:55:55,603
So and so's kid has cancer,
so and so's kid has leukemia.
734
00:55:55,605 --> 00:55:58,639
And it's sad that
that's our new normal.
735
00:56:25,868 --> 00:56:29,236
I'm just going to start
running it through here.
736
00:56:29,238 --> 00:56:32,673
Okay, I'm bringing it in.
Just see what we got.
737
00:56:32,675 --> 00:56:36,710
Oh, god. Yeah. There's all kinds
of pellets.
738
00:56:36,712 --> 00:56:42,316
Diane, you want this?
-Yeah, we'll take a sample.
739
00:56:42,318 --> 00:56:46,487
We've found fish with pellets
in their gullets.
740
00:56:46,489 --> 00:56:49,657
We've had oystermen who say
they --
741
00:56:49,659 --> 00:56:51,559
When they're shucking open
an oyster,
742
00:56:51,561 --> 00:56:54,361
They're finding
pellets inside it.
743
00:56:58,367 --> 00:57:01,101
On the bay, you got
from formosa plastic,
744
00:57:01,103 --> 00:57:05,139
We got invisto,
we got bp, we got dupont,
745
00:57:05,141 --> 00:57:09,276
We've got dow chemical,
you add all of that up,
746
00:57:09,278 --> 00:57:13,480
Easily, you can get
50 million gallons
747
00:57:13,482 --> 00:57:19,320
A day of toxins
being discharged into estuaries.
748
00:57:23,526 --> 00:57:27,428
Hamrick:
I worked 25 years at the plant
as a supervisor,
749
00:57:27,430 --> 00:57:29,964
But I had to get out of there
750
00:57:29,966 --> 00:57:32,466
Because I got tired
of the bull crap, lying for 'em
751
00:57:32,468 --> 00:57:34,235
Because that's all you
do out there at that plant
752
00:57:34,237 --> 00:57:36,003
Is lie.
753
00:57:36,005 --> 00:57:39,139
And, you know,
nobody out there can speak.
754
00:57:39,141 --> 00:57:41,141
They'll fire you right
on the spot.
755
00:57:48,084 --> 00:57:52,253
Wilson: You can pull anything up
and find pellets.
756
00:57:52,255 --> 00:57:53,621
See all the pellets?
757
00:57:53,623 --> 00:57:56,724
It's covered in pellets.
758
00:57:56,726 --> 00:57:58,993
You look down there,
there's a harbor down there.
759
00:57:58,995 --> 00:58:00,628
There's no fish houses
anymore.
760
00:58:00,630 --> 00:58:05,866
There's no shrimpers.
You gotta do something.
761
00:58:05,868 --> 00:58:10,471
So we just started sampling.
762
00:58:10,473 --> 00:58:13,240
And eventually,
we filed the suit.
763
00:58:16,879 --> 00:58:20,714
When I first started,
I had a helicopter land
764
00:58:20,716 --> 00:58:25,185
In my front yard,
shot and killed the dog.
765
00:58:25,187 --> 00:58:32,059
Shot at the house, and then
my shrimp boat was sabotaged.
766
00:58:32,061 --> 00:58:34,762
So, they did a few things.
767
00:58:45,641 --> 00:58:50,244
I don't think my story
is unique at all.
768
00:58:50,246 --> 00:58:54,915
I think there are thousands in
little rural communities
769
00:58:54,917 --> 00:58:56,884
Where the company has a heavy
hand,
770
00:58:56,886 --> 00:58:59,987
Especially along the gulf coast.
771
00:59:06,662 --> 00:59:08,896
Muffett: What's going on here
in houston highlights
772
00:59:08,898 --> 00:59:12,866
Not only the scale of the
problem, but its immediacy,
773
00:59:12,868 --> 00:59:15,235
The oil and gas industry,
774
00:59:15,237 --> 00:59:17,004
The american petroleum
institute,
775
00:59:17,006 --> 00:59:20,841
The american chemistry council,
they see the shale gas boom
776
00:59:20,843 --> 00:59:25,045
As a renaissance for plastics
and petrochemicals in the U.S.
777
00:59:25,047 --> 00:59:28,916
Exxonmobil estimates that
the global demand for chemicals
778
00:59:28,918 --> 00:59:32,119
Will double within
the next 20 years.
779
00:59:32,121 --> 00:59:36,090
That's more than the forecast
for energy and gdp growth
780
00:59:36,092 --> 00:59:38,359
Over the same period.
781
00:59:38,361 --> 00:59:40,361
They're doubling down
on plastics.
782
00:59:40,363 --> 00:59:42,963
I think they're worried
that we're going to stop burning
783
00:59:42,965 --> 00:59:45,632
So much fossil fuel.
784
00:59:45,634 --> 00:59:48,836
I hope that's their worry
and I hope they're right.
785
00:59:48,838 --> 00:59:52,706
But I think they see plastic
as a way to hedge their bet.
786
00:59:52,708 --> 00:59:56,010
Our expectation is
global fuel's demand growth
787
00:59:56,012 --> 00:59:58,178
Will actually start to decline,
788
00:59:58,180 --> 01:00:01,648
And so, where would you
anticipate additional growth
789
01:00:01,650 --> 01:00:03,984
In one place
is petrochemical market.
790
01:00:03,986 --> 01:00:06,220
Plastics and other
petrochemicals present
791
01:00:06,222 --> 01:00:09,256
An opportunity for these big
integrated oil majors
792
01:00:09,258 --> 01:00:11,725
To keep up demand.
793
01:00:11,727 --> 01:00:15,062
And so we're really seeing
this trend towards investment
794
01:00:15,064 --> 01:00:16,997
In the petrochemical space.
795
01:00:19,435 --> 01:00:20,734
During the course
of these meetings,
796
01:00:20,736 --> 01:00:24,171
President trump and members
of his cabinet agreed
797
01:00:24,173 --> 01:00:27,875
The U.S.-Saudi partnership
should be taken to new heights.
798
01:00:43,225 --> 01:00:45,793
Muffett:
The latest estimate from
the american chemistry council
799
01:00:45,795 --> 01:00:48,028
Is that $194 billion
800
01:00:48,030 --> 01:00:51,665
Will be invested in the U.S.
Into 325 new
801
01:00:51,667 --> 01:00:54,768
Or expanded facilities for
petrochemicals,
802
01:00:54,770 --> 01:00:56,403
Primarily for plastics
803
01:00:56,405 --> 01:01:00,874
Between now and 2025.
That's a remarkable expansion.
804
01:01:00,876 --> 01:01:03,744
We're already producing more
plastics in the united states
805
01:01:03,746 --> 01:01:05,079
Than we can use.
806
01:01:05,081 --> 01:01:08,048
So the question is,
"where is that plastic going?"
807
01:01:08,050 --> 01:01:10,751
It's flowing to asia.
It's flowing to europe.
808
01:01:10,753 --> 01:01:13,454
It's flowing into
every new product streams.
809
01:01:13,456 --> 01:01:15,589
This highlights
a really fundamental truth
810
01:01:15,591 --> 01:01:18,759
About the plastics crisis
and about plastics as a product.
811
01:01:18,761 --> 01:01:22,596
To a far greater extent
than in any other product chain,
812
01:01:22,598 --> 01:01:25,866
Plastics are driven
not by the demand for them,
813
01:01:25,868 --> 01:01:27,501
But by the supply.
814
01:01:30,673 --> 01:01:32,473
This is the story of plastics.
815
01:01:32,475 --> 01:01:35,509
It is fossil fuels
finding a new form
816
01:01:35,511 --> 01:01:38,178
And finding a new place
to flow through the economy.
817
01:01:42,184 --> 01:01:44,785
This is a crisis that is
accelerating literally
818
01:01:44,787 --> 01:01:47,621
By the day as we speak.
819
01:01:47,623 --> 01:01:49,423
Exxon opens a new plant here.
820
01:01:49,425 --> 01:01:51,391
Chevron builds
a new plant there.
821
01:01:51,393 --> 01:01:53,494
Total builds yet another.
822
01:02:00,903 --> 01:02:03,904
We're seeing the same thing
happened in the U.S. East Coast,
823
01:02:03,906 --> 01:02:05,873
We're seeing the same thing
happen in europe,
824
01:02:05,875 --> 01:02:08,008
In the middle east, in china,
825
01:02:08,010 --> 01:02:11,011
This buildout is going on
and it's going on now.
826
01:02:17,219 --> 01:02:19,153
Once these plants are built,
827
01:02:19,155 --> 01:02:22,689
The debt to build them
will already have been incurred,
828
01:02:22,691 --> 01:02:26,693
And they will squeeze
every last ounce of plastic film
829
01:02:26,695 --> 01:02:29,897
And plastic packaging
out of those plants
830
01:02:29,899 --> 01:02:31,999
Until they crumble to dust.
831
01:02:47,383 --> 01:02:49,183
We're back with an alarming
new report
832
01:02:49,185 --> 01:02:50,651
That came out this past week
833
01:02:50,653 --> 01:02:52,319
On the state of the world's
oceans,
834
01:02:52,321 --> 01:02:55,723
Specifically the finding that
they contain far more plastic
835
01:02:55,725 --> 01:02:57,391
Than scientists had first
thought.
836
01:02:57,393 --> 01:03:00,695
Carpenter: The surge of
attention to plastic pollution
837
01:03:00,697 --> 01:03:02,897
Is pretty striking.
838
01:03:02,899 --> 01:03:04,498
Reporter: Searching for a fish,
839
01:03:04,500 --> 01:03:07,735
But finding
an ocean of plastic trash,
840
01:03:07,737 --> 01:03:10,438
Woglom:
About 8 million metric tons
go into the ocean every year.
841
01:03:10,440 --> 01:03:13,140
That's the equivalent
of one city garbage truck
842
01:03:13,142 --> 01:03:15,109
Dumping a load of plastic
into the ocean
843
01:03:15,111 --> 01:03:17,478
Every minute of every day.
844
01:03:17,480 --> 01:03:20,281
Narrator:
Celebrities urging people
to give up using things
845
01:03:20,283 --> 01:03:22,450
Like plastic straws and cups.
846
01:03:22,452 --> 01:03:25,453
By 2050,
there will be more plastic waste
847
01:03:25,455 --> 01:03:27,655
In the world's oceans than fish.
848
01:03:27,657 --> 01:03:31,158
Reporter:
These pictures after its death
show the 80 plastic bags
849
01:03:31,160 --> 01:03:32,226
Found inside the whale.
850
01:03:37,300 --> 01:03:40,768
Reporter:
It's getting into the food
that we end up eating.
851
01:03:40,770 --> 01:03:43,771
Reporter: The polyester fibers
that you take into your lungs,
852
01:03:43,773 --> 01:03:47,675
They're small enough to cross
the blood brain barrier.
853
01:03:47,677 --> 01:03:50,745
Reporter: The five gyres,
giant swirling bodies of water
854
01:03:50,747 --> 01:03:53,214
Where plastic accumulates.
855
01:03:53,216 --> 01:03:55,015
When I mention plastic
to younger people,
856
01:03:55,017 --> 01:03:58,385
They say, "plastic
is that giant island
857
01:03:58,387 --> 01:04:01,655
That's the size of
antarctica in an ocean,
858
01:04:01,657 --> 01:04:04,125
And that's what plastic did,
it wrecked the environment."
859
01:04:04,127 --> 01:04:07,061
But the world is still going
toward plastic.
860
01:04:07,063 --> 01:04:09,497
We do have
a plastic waste problem.
861
01:04:09,499 --> 01:04:12,132
And at this point in time,
I've never seen the industry
862
01:04:12,134 --> 01:04:14,368
More aligned
about tackling that problem.
863
01:04:14,370 --> 01:04:15,603
We've been working...
864
01:04:15,605 --> 01:04:17,271
Mafira: They're mostly
making these statements
865
01:04:17,273 --> 01:04:19,540
That are quite normative.
866
01:04:19,542 --> 01:04:22,443
"we'll look into this.
We're committed."
867
01:04:27,383 --> 01:04:29,917
The covestro industry has
products and processes
868
01:04:29,919 --> 01:04:33,587
That can help address
these sustainability issues.
869
01:04:33,589 --> 01:04:35,523
Narrator: We believe
in sustainable practices
870
01:04:35,525 --> 01:04:38,959
And sustainable business growth.
871
01:04:38,961 --> 01:04:44,064
Mafira:
But that hasn't translated into
what the step-by-step plan is.
872
01:04:46,869 --> 01:04:49,370
Graham van't hoff, who's
the executive vice president
873
01:04:49,372 --> 01:04:52,072
Of shell's chemical division
wrote...
874
01:04:56,245 --> 01:04:57,378
And then he adds...
875
01:05:03,653 --> 01:05:07,054
I can't speculate about
what the executives
876
01:05:07,056 --> 01:05:08,856
At petrochemical companies
actually believe,
877
01:05:08,858 --> 01:05:11,091
But it's certainly true that
in their communications
878
01:05:11,093 --> 01:05:15,162
And their actions,
most of them indicate that,
879
01:05:15,164 --> 01:05:17,631
While they
might generously offer
880
01:05:17,633 --> 01:05:19,834
To help
with the cleanup problem,
881
01:05:19,836 --> 01:05:22,169
There's nothing wrong
with the product
882
01:05:22,171 --> 01:05:24,939
Or with the companies
that are making the product.
883
01:05:24,941 --> 01:05:28,609
The fault lies with
the consumers and with countries
884
01:05:28,611 --> 01:05:32,446
That have inadequate
waste recycling infrastructure.
885
01:05:32,448 --> 01:05:34,715
I think everyone agrees
that plastic waste
886
01:05:34,717 --> 01:05:37,218
Does not belong in the ocean
or the environment.
887
01:05:37,220 --> 01:05:39,553
So I'm very happy
to announce today
888
01:05:39,555 --> 01:05:41,989
The formation of the
"alliance to end plastic waste."
889
01:05:41,991 --> 01:05:46,227
This can bring together
companies that make plastic
890
01:05:46,229 --> 01:05:49,430
And those that handle plastic
after the consumer use.
891
01:05:49,432 --> 01:05:52,233
We're ready to invest over
$1.5 billion
892
01:05:52,235 --> 01:05:53,601
To identify projects
893
01:05:53,603 --> 01:05:56,604
And fund projects to really
get at solving solutions.
894
01:05:58,107 --> 01:06:01,609
Carpenter:
I think if you look at some of
the industry-backed plans,
895
01:06:01,611 --> 01:06:03,744
The alliance
to end plastic waste,
896
01:06:03,746 --> 01:06:06,213
They want to put significant
investment into recycling
897
01:06:06,215 --> 01:06:08,649
And waste collection
infrastructure,
898
01:06:08,651 --> 01:06:11,652
And that's great
where it happens.
899
01:06:11,654 --> 01:06:14,054
But that's not going
to reach everywhere.
900
01:06:14,056 --> 01:06:16,624
It's definitely not
on the same scale
901
01:06:16,626 --> 01:06:19,193
Or even close to the scale
of the amount of plastic
902
01:06:19,195 --> 01:06:22,329
That is projected to be produced
in the coming decade
903
01:06:22,331 --> 01:06:24,865
Based upon all this new
investment in infrastructure.
904
01:06:45,554 --> 01:06:49,223
The metaphor I use in the piece
is it's like trying to bail out
905
01:06:49,225 --> 01:06:53,861
A bathtub with a teaspoon
while the tap is on full blast.
906
01:06:53,863 --> 01:06:56,697
And certainly we see that
this distraction
907
01:06:56,699 --> 01:06:58,699
Has been effective
in terms of media coverage.
908
01:06:58,701 --> 01:07:02,803
There is a lot of coverage
about cleanup.
909
01:07:02,805 --> 01:07:05,039
Whether it's the
big ocean cleanup
910
01:07:05,041 --> 01:07:07,341
That has a lot of big money
behind it
911
01:07:07,343 --> 01:07:09,009
Or whether it's smaller efforts,
912
01:07:09,011 --> 01:07:11,412
Whether it's industry
investments in cleanup,
913
01:07:11,414 --> 01:07:13,914
That definitely
has dominated the narrative.
914
01:07:16,218 --> 01:07:19,620
That famous quote, "the future
of plastic is in the trash can."
915
01:07:19,622 --> 01:07:24,825
It's no secret that the industry
has for decades understood
916
01:07:24,827 --> 01:07:26,560
That the way to profit more
917
01:07:26,562 --> 01:07:28,729
Is to get people
to use more plastic.
918
01:07:30,833 --> 01:07:33,334
Their incentive is to get us
to use more,
919
01:07:33,336 --> 01:07:35,502
And if we throw it away,
920
01:07:35,504 --> 01:07:37,838
That creates P.R. Problems
for them.
921
01:07:37,840 --> 01:07:39,640
But economically, it's great
922
01:07:39,642 --> 01:07:43,410
If we just keep using
single-use products.
923
01:07:48,851 --> 01:07:51,285
So, if we stop to pick up
everything on the way out there,
924
01:07:51,287 --> 01:07:53,520
We'd never make it out
past the jetty,
925
01:07:53,522 --> 01:07:57,224
So we have to leave
some things by the wayside.
926
01:08:00,963 --> 01:08:04,665
I'm captain of the oceanographic
research vessel
alguita
927
01:08:04,667 --> 01:08:11,872
And founder of alguita
marine research and education.
928
01:08:11,874 --> 01:08:15,676
I'm known for working well
off shore of the coastal ocean
929
01:08:15,678 --> 01:08:19,380
In what are known
as the oceanic gyres.
930
01:08:23,419 --> 01:08:26,653
In 1997, I decided
to take a shortcut
931
01:08:26,655 --> 01:08:30,190
And cut across
this vast expanse,
932
01:08:30,192 --> 01:08:35,062
Which was basically
a thousand miles in diameter.
933
01:08:35,064 --> 01:08:38,465
And I couldn't come on deck
without seeing a single piece
934
01:08:38,467 --> 01:08:40,768
Of plastic float by
within five minutes.
935
01:08:46,342 --> 01:08:49,176
It's proliferated so fast,
within 20 years
936
01:08:49,178 --> 01:08:51,879
From my time of discovering it
until today,
937
01:08:51,881 --> 01:08:57,684
I feel I underestimated
the actual danger.
938
01:08:57,686 --> 01:08:59,553
And the "aha" moment
was the first time
939
01:08:59,555 --> 01:09:02,956
We threw that trawl
in the ocean and pulled it in.
940
01:09:02,958 --> 01:09:04,925
It was full
of plastic fragments.
941
01:09:04,927 --> 01:09:07,161
That's what blew my mind,
when we realized
942
01:09:07,163 --> 01:09:09,630
No matter where you're gonna
throw that net and out here,
943
01:09:09,632 --> 01:09:13,267
You're going to find that stuff.
944
01:09:13,269 --> 01:09:15,969
So, we just
pulled in the trawl.
945
01:09:15,971 --> 01:09:17,938
This is all plastic
that we caught
946
01:09:17,940 --> 01:09:22,509
At the surface
of the ocean.
947
01:09:22,511 --> 01:09:24,311
Wow. That's a lot.
948
01:09:24,313 --> 01:09:25,412
You'll see
the nurdles,
949
01:09:25,414 --> 01:09:27,781
Which are the preproduction
resin pellets
950
01:09:27,783 --> 01:09:30,150
For majority of all of
our plastics we've ever owned.
951
01:09:30,152 --> 01:09:32,886
It started out
as the nurdles.
952
01:09:32,888 --> 01:09:36,023
Look at that separation
between the plastic layer.
953
01:09:36,025 --> 01:09:39,660
Look how many different layers
there are of materials there.
954
01:09:39,662 --> 01:09:42,830
See how the plastic
separating from that foil.
955
01:09:42,832 --> 01:09:46,033
So, how easy do you think it is
for the recyclers to do that?
956
01:09:55,244 --> 01:10:02,616
Oh, we love our sachets.
957
01:10:02,618 --> 01:10:04,818
Just about anywhere
you look now,
958
01:10:04,820 --> 01:10:06,987
You can find plastic
if you look,
959
01:10:06,989 --> 01:10:09,857
Especially,
at the nano scale materials,
960
01:10:09,859 --> 01:10:15,729
Which are now beginning to enter
into the web of life itself.
961
01:10:36,652 --> 01:10:41,021
Ballent: When you realize
how widespread this issue is
962
01:10:41,023 --> 01:10:44,525
And how small the particles are,
you realize that cleanup
963
01:10:44,527 --> 01:10:48,162
Is really just a great way
to see how bad the problem is.
964
01:10:48,164 --> 01:10:51,198
We cannot rely on it
as a solution.
965
01:11:01,410 --> 01:11:05,712
Grate: There are solutions
that have been proven to work.
966
01:11:05,714 --> 01:11:09,216
There are cities
working towards zero waste.
967
01:11:29,405 --> 01:11:34,308
My vision for the future is
all cities are going zero waste,
968
01:11:34,310 --> 01:11:37,144
And that means
that all that we use,
969
01:11:37,146 --> 01:11:41,381
All that they produce, can
either be composed or recycled,
970
01:11:41,383 --> 01:11:45,786
And all cities have the capacity
to manage these composed
971
01:11:45,788 --> 01:11:48,522
Of all of these recyclables.
972
01:11:48,524 --> 01:11:51,391
Currently,
we still have residual waste.
973
01:11:51,393 --> 01:11:53,560
These are products or packaging
974
01:11:53,562 --> 01:11:56,563
That can neither be composed
nor recycled.
975
01:11:56,565 --> 01:11:58,298
But the beauty of
a zero-waste program
976
01:11:58,300 --> 01:12:01,568
Is that we are not hiding
these products.
977
01:12:20,257 --> 01:12:22,691
Man: Right now, we are having
a brand audit
978
01:12:22,693 --> 01:12:24,760
In which we are trying
to identify
979
01:12:24,762 --> 01:12:29,331
The brands which contribute
the most to plastic waste
980
01:12:29,333 --> 01:12:31,700
Which is generated
at the household level.
981
01:12:31,702 --> 01:12:34,870
We are trying to generate
enough baseline data
982
01:12:34,872 --> 01:12:37,172
To enable the government
to take a stand
983
01:12:37,174 --> 01:12:40,342
So that they can follow
guidelines for implementing epr
984
01:12:40,344 --> 01:12:44,680
To fix extended
producer responsibility.
985
01:12:44,682 --> 01:12:47,316
When we say "extended
producer responsibility,"
986
01:12:47,318 --> 01:12:49,485
He try to transfer
the responsibility
987
01:12:49,487 --> 01:12:54,623
Of handling discards of branded
products back to the producer.
988
01:12:54,625 --> 01:12:56,992
For example, if you're buying
a packet of chips,
989
01:12:56,994 --> 01:12:59,595
You had essentially buying
the chips and not packaging
990
01:12:59,597 --> 01:13:02,130
Which comes along with it.
991
01:13:02,132 --> 01:13:05,367
So, the manufacturer
should take the responsibility
992
01:13:05,369 --> 01:13:08,303
For either collecting them back
993
01:13:08,305 --> 01:13:12,975
Or should support the government
in treating them.
994
01:13:12,977 --> 01:13:15,978
So, this is what we dream
by implementing
995
01:13:15,980 --> 01:13:18,647
Extended producer
responsibility.
996
01:13:18,649 --> 01:13:21,250
From what we see right here,
997
01:13:21,252 --> 01:13:24,086
There are five main contributors
to the majority
998
01:13:24,088 --> 01:13:26,588
Of the plastic waste generated.
999
01:13:26,590 --> 01:13:32,427
Unilever, itc, nestlé,
milman, and pepsico.
1000
01:13:32,429 --> 01:13:33,962
And we are getting
similar feedback
1001
01:13:33,964 --> 01:13:37,432
From different brands as their
collected all over the country
1002
01:13:37,434 --> 01:13:41,203
Where the same names are
coming up a the top brands.
1003
01:13:44,475 --> 01:13:47,442
Man:
We know who they are.
1004
01:13:47,444 --> 01:13:49,311
He's been trying
to work with them.
1005
01:13:49,313 --> 01:13:55,584
They have to step up,
and they had to own the problem.
1006
01:13:55,586 --> 01:13:58,720
Hernandez: It cannot be forever
supporting the bottom line
1007
01:13:58,722 --> 01:14:01,123
Of this companies
that has got to stop now.
1008
01:14:01,125 --> 01:14:04,626
They need to be given the bill.
1009
01:14:04,628 --> 01:14:07,496
We've got to pass legislation,
1010
01:14:07,498 --> 01:14:11,199
And we've got to create
public opinion to reduce waste.
1011
01:14:12,295 --> 01:14:17,564
To continue creating products
on the basis of petrochemicals
1012
01:14:17,566 --> 01:14:20,467
Is not embracing
the full potential
1013
01:14:20,469 --> 01:14:23,237
Of the opportunities
that we see elsewhere.
1014
01:14:23,239 --> 01:14:26,707
We're almost there
that you can create packaging
1015
01:14:26,709 --> 01:14:28,742
That has nothing to do
with plastics.
1016
01:14:28,744 --> 01:14:30,811
We're almost there.
1017
01:14:35,985 --> 01:14:37,518
If you can use less material,
1018
01:14:37,520 --> 01:14:40,021
For sure,
that's always number one.
1019
01:14:40,023 --> 01:14:42,423
But for everything else,
biodegradable
1020
01:14:42,425 --> 01:14:46,961
And bio-based plastic can be
a good solution in the future.
1021
01:14:59,175 --> 01:15:01,442
People always say, like,
"oh, molly, I thought of you.
1022
01:15:01,444 --> 01:15:03,611
I was at cvs, and I bought
1023
01:15:03,613 --> 01:15:05,346
A biodegradable shampoo bottle,"
and I'm like,
1024
01:15:05,348 --> 01:15:09,116
"I know exactly what you bought.
It's not biodegradable."
1025
01:15:09,118 --> 01:15:12,153
Just 'cause something's made
from corn or plants
1026
01:15:12,155 --> 01:15:14,021
Does not mean
it's biodegradable.
1027
01:15:14,023 --> 01:15:15,589
So, we see a lot of things
1028
01:15:15,591 --> 01:15:18,859
Like Bio-P.E.T.
On the market, for instance.
1029
01:15:18,861 --> 01:15:22,496
And Bio-P.E.T.
Is the same carbon chain
1030
01:15:22,498 --> 01:15:24,799
That's in conventional P.E.T.,
1031
01:15:24,801 --> 01:15:27,234
And you're not using
ancient fossil carbon
1032
01:15:27,236 --> 01:15:29,036
To make that material,
1033
01:15:29,038 --> 01:15:30,771
But it's
the exact same carbon chain.
1034
01:15:30,773 --> 01:15:32,873
It's not gonna be biodegradable.
1035
01:15:32,875 --> 01:15:35,076
So, those two things
are completely unrelated,
1036
01:15:35,078 --> 01:15:37,311
Biodegradable and bio-based.
1037
01:15:37,313 --> 01:15:42,249
But we really need to think
about both
1038
01:15:42,251 --> 01:15:46,520
What we're going up against,
the incumbent persistence,
1039
01:15:46,522 --> 01:15:48,322
Petrochemical-based plastics.
1040
01:15:48,324 --> 01:15:51,892
This is a massive
infrastructure challenge.
1041
01:16:09,545 --> 01:16:12,413
Morawski: If we really want
to completely transform
1042
01:16:12,415 --> 01:16:15,683
This industry,
we have to create that demand
1043
01:16:15,685 --> 01:16:17,685
And say to the producers,
1044
01:16:17,687 --> 01:16:22,256
"you must buy this much recycled
resin instead of virgin,
1045
01:16:22,258 --> 01:16:23,991
Then you're going to see demand.
1046
01:16:23,993 --> 01:16:26,794
Then you're going to see
investment in recycling.
1047
01:16:26,796 --> 01:16:32,066
Now, that being said,
it's not all about recycling.
1048
01:16:32,068 --> 01:16:36,570
I don't think we recycle
our way out of this problem.
1049
01:16:36,572 --> 01:16:41,642
We've got to reduce and reuse
our way out of this,
1050
01:16:41,644 --> 01:16:43,377
And that's definitely not what
1051
01:16:43,379 --> 01:16:49,016
Dow, and dupont,
and 3m, and target,
1052
01:16:49,018 --> 01:16:54,221
And procter & gamble,
and starbucks are thinking.
1053
01:16:59,262 --> 01:17:00,728
Simon: The question is,
are we going to see
1054
01:17:00,730 --> 01:17:03,564
A world of multinationals
in 20 or 30 years' time,
1055
01:17:03,566 --> 01:17:05,366
Or we want to see a world
where, actually,
1056
01:17:05,368 --> 01:17:08,903
You have a lot more
alternative delivery systems,
1057
01:17:08,905 --> 01:17:11,839
Business models that go
a lot more small scale,
1058
01:17:11,841 --> 01:17:14,708
And actually building
on the communities.
1059
01:17:14,710 --> 01:17:16,343
Priestland:
The world that I hope to see
1060
01:17:16,345 --> 01:17:21,015
Is one where your beauty-care
products or your drinks
1061
01:17:21,017 --> 01:17:22,716
Or whatever else
that you're buying
1062
01:17:22,718 --> 01:17:25,119
Is coming in reusable packaging,
1063
01:17:25,121 --> 01:17:28,222
And we have
more localized systems
1064
01:17:28,224 --> 01:17:31,692
So that we break free from these
huge, multinational companies
1065
01:17:31,694 --> 01:17:33,427
Who have massive supply chains
1066
01:17:33,429 --> 01:17:38,632
That force them to rely
on plastic packaging.
1067
01:17:38,634 --> 01:17:42,937
At least we can
turn off the tap, right?
1068
01:17:42,939 --> 01:17:45,406
That's the least
that we can do --
1069
01:17:45,408 --> 01:17:52,646
The very least that we can do.
1070
01:17:52,648 --> 01:17:57,218
People are thinking
that prevention is radical,
1071
01:17:57,220 --> 01:18:00,421
Something that comes
after recycling.
1072
01:18:00,423 --> 01:18:02,990
It's not it's supposed to be
the essential thing
1073
01:18:02,992 --> 01:18:04,859
To do first and foremost.
1074
01:18:04,861 --> 01:18:07,194
There has to be a policy.
1075
01:18:07,196 --> 01:18:11,065
That's the only way that you can
get massive-scale conversions
1076
01:18:11,067 --> 01:18:12,766
To single-use-plastic free.
1077
01:18:19,208 --> 01:18:23,677
Before we passed the plastic-bag
reduction law in california,
1078
01:18:23,679 --> 01:18:26,113
This would have been
full of plastic bags, too.
1079
01:18:26,115 --> 01:18:29,917
So, it's pretty awesome that
there aren't very many
1080
01:18:29,919 --> 01:18:32,119
'cause those plastic bags
are a nightmare.
1081
01:18:32,121 --> 01:18:33,854
They gummed up everything.
1082
01:18:33,856 --> 01:18:36,690
And it's a success story
that gives us some ideas
1083
01:18:36,692 --> 01:18:41,795
About how we might deal with
some of these other materials.
1084
01:18:41,797 --> 01:18:43,797
Timmermans:
What we did is we looked at
1085
01:18:43,799 --> 01:18:45,933
Which single-use-plastics items
1086
01:18:45,935 --> 01:18:48,702
Could be easily replaced
like straws,
1087
01:18:48,704 --> 01:18:53,440
Q-tips, plastic cutlery,
plastic plates, et cetera,
1088
01:18:53,442 --> 01:18:56,377
So we could ban those products.
1089
01:18:56,379 --> 01:19:00,381
And then you have products that
are not as easily replaceable.
1090
01:19:00,383 --> 01:19:02,082
There, you need
to help industry
1091
01:19:02,084 --> 01:19:04,218
To try and develop
other products
1092
01:19:04,220 --> 01:19:05,920
That could replace
these products.
1093
01:19:05,922 --> 01:19:09,356
And, also, what has been
very successful are programs
1094
01:19:09,358 --> 01:19:11,959
To recollect plastic bottles.
1095
01:19:11,961 --> 01:19:15,829
You get collection
of over 90%.
1096
01:19:15,831 --> 01:19:21,735
All these things combined
should be one strategy.
1097
01:19:21,737 --> 01:19:26,574
This is not a europe-centric
or western-centric issue.
1098
01:19:30,913 --> 01:19:33,080
In some african countries,
1099
01:19:33,082 --> 01:19:35,416
Governments are willing to be
more radical than europe
1100
01:19:35,418 --> 01:19:37,952
On single-use plastics.
1101
01:19:37,954 --> 01:19:40,854
Woman:
Rwanda is a role model.
1102
01:19:40,856 --> 01:19:43,457
Since the ban was introduced
10 years ago,
1103
01:19:43,459 --> 01:19:48,529
Countries around the world have
since also banned plastic bags.
1104
01:19:48,531 --> 01:19:53,901
Morawski:
The public is happy to hear
about these bans taking place.
1105
01:19:53,903 --> 01:19:56,303
And companies are really afraid.
1106
01:19:56,305 --> 01:19:59,073
They're suddenly realizing
this is really serious.
1107
01:20:07,516 --> 01:20:09,483
Without the legislation,
we have nothing.
1108
01:20:09,485 --> 01:20:11,018
Because then
you're asking corporations
1109
01:20:11,020 --> 01:20:12,786
To voluntarily
do the right thing.
1110
01:20:12,788 --> 01:20:14,255
They're not going to do that.
1111
01:20:14,257 --> 01:20:16,957
But if everybody is forced
to do it, they all have to pay,
1112
01:20:16,959 --> 01:20:18,726
They're going to come together,
1113
01:20:18,728 --> 01:20:21,595
And those costs that were
externalized in the past
1114
01:20:21,597 --> 01:20:24,331
And basically borne
by poor communities
1115
01:20:24,333 --> 01:20:27,401
Suffering with all this marine
litter or municipalities
1116
01:20:27,403 --> 01:20:31,005
Having to deal with expensive
recycling and disposal programs
1117
01:20:31,007 --> 01:20:34,775
Or large incinerators
that they have to keep feeding,
1118
01:20:34,777 --> 01:20:36,644
Those are externalized costs
1119
01:20:36,646 --> 01:20:39,446
That companies
are profiting from.
1120
01:20:39,448 --> 01:20:41,215
Now we're going to give them
back those costs and say,
1121
01:20:41,217 --> 01:20:42,950
"you know what?
It's your problem now.
1122
01:20:42,952 --> 01:20:44,018
You deal with it.
1123
01:20:44,020 --> 01:20:45,119
Are you still going
to do business
1124
01:20:45,121 --> 01:20:46,820
The same way
you do business now,
1125
01:20:46,822 --> 01:20:48,756
Or are you going to redesign
your product
1126
01:20:48,758 --> 01:20:50,257
So you're going to
reduce those costs
1127
01:20:50,259 --> 01:20:54,928
And it's actually going to be
more environmentally friendly?"
1128
01:20:54,930 --> 01:20:57,498
I believe we're at
a tipping point right now.
1129
01:20:57,500 --> 01:20:59,900
I've seen
more policy change globally
1130
01:20:59,902 --> 01:21:01,502
In the last 8 months
1131
01:21:01,504 --> 01:21:04,004
Than I've seen in 20 years
of my career
1132
01:21:04,006 --> 01:21:06,607
Because not only are governments
getting pissed off,
1133
01:21:06,609 --> 01:21:08,776
But companies are recognizing
1134
01:21:08,778 --> 01:21:10,511
They can't get away
with it anymore.
1135
01:22:26,522 --> 01:22:28,655
Carpenter:
So many parts of our economy,
1136
01:22:28,657 --> 01:22:30,691
So many places around the world
are dependent
1137
01:22:30,693 --> 01:22:34,027
On this relatively
small group of corporations
1138
01:22:34,029 --> 01:22:36,597
Who are making
a tremendous amount of money
1139
01:22:36,599 --> 01:22:40,267
Poisoning the rest of us.
1140
01:22:40,269 --> 01:22:43,570
And, so, figuring out
how to break out of that cycle.
1141
01:22:43,572 --> 01:22:48,442
That's the project
of our lifetime.
1142
01:22:48,444 --> 01:22:50,811
Bourque: Plastics are treated
as a product
1143
01:22:50,813 --> 01:22:53,347
That miraculously appears
from nowhere,
1144
01:22:53,349 --> 01:22:57,151
And it goes to nowhere.
1145
01:22:57,153 --> 01:23:00,854
That invisibility,
that magic nature of plastics
1146
01:23:00,856 --> 01:23:04,758
Is something that the oil
and gas industry has perpetuated
1147
01:23:04,760 --> 01:23:07,728
And promoted very effectively
for decades.
1148
01:23:07,730 --> 01:23:12,900
But what was once invisible
is becoming visible.
1149
01:23:12,902 --> 01:23:15,636
The plastic crisis doesn't start
1150
01:23:15,638 --> 01:23:17,738
When the plastics
enter the ocean.
1151
01:23:17,740 --> 01:23:21,275
It starts when the oil
and the gas leave the wellhead
1152
01:23:21,277 --> 01:23:25,145
And it keeps on being a problem
at every step along the way.
1153
01:23:28,617 --> 01:23:29,917
So, if you want
to stop plastics,
1154
01:23:29,919 --> 01:23:33,253
If you want to truly confront
the plastics crisis,
1155
01:23:33,255 --> 01:23:36,356
Fight to end
fossil-fuel subsidies.
1156
01:23:36,358 --> 01:23:39,159
Make companies accountable
for the lifecycle impacts
1157
01:23:39,161 --> 01:23:41,028
Of their products.
1158
01:23:41,030 --> 01:23:44,431
The moment that exxon,
the moment that shell,
1159
01:23:44,433 --> 01:23:46,600
The moment that chevron
and dow and dupont
1160
01:23:46,602 --> 01:23:48,802
Own the impacts
of these products,
1161
01:23:48,804 --> 01:23:53,540
The plastics crisis will be over
and not before then.
1162
01:23:53,542 --> 01:23:56,076
Now, it may be
a kind of a token idea,
1163
01:23:56,078 --> 01:23:58,846
But I think that circular
economy is possible.
1164
01:23:58,848 --> 01:24:00,881
Zero waste is possible.
1165
01:24:17,666 --> 01:24:19,700
Mafira:
It's not reasonable at all
1166
01:24:19,702 --> 01:24:24,771
That we continue to live
like this and expect to survive.
1167
01:24:24,773 --> 01:24:27,741
We're ruining the planet
that gives us life,
1168
01:24:27,743 --> 01:24:30,577
And we're ruining the oceans
that give us fish.
1169
01:24:30,579 --> 01:24:33,947
We're ruining the rivers
that give us clean water.
1170
01:24:38,290 --> 01:24:46,093
I don't think they can keep on
tricking people forever.
96428