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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:01,360 --> 00:00:02,360 NARRATOR: Meteors... 2 00:00:02,683 --> 00:00:04,483 bombarding the Earth 3 00:00:04,560 --> 00:00:06,420 from space. 4 00:00:07,110 --> 00:00:09,090 Material from other bodies in our solar system 5 00:00:09,180 --> 00:00:12,780 is continually raining down on the planet Earth. 6 00:00:12,960 --> 00:00:14,850 NARRATOR: And with that are billions 7 00:00:15,030 --> 00:00:17,820 of microscopic alien life-forms. 8 00:00:19,260 --> 00:00:21,960 800 million viruses 9 00:00:22,050 --> 00:00:23,580 are falling from the skies 10 00:00:23,670 --> 00:00:26,190 every single day. 11 00:00:26,370 --> 00:00:29,250 NARRATOR: Is our planet properly prepared 12 00:00:29,430 --> 00:00:32,940 for an extraterrestrial invasion... of disease? 13 00:00:33,030 --> 00:00:34,740 BILL BIRNES: What if the terrible plagues 14 00:00:34,830 --> 00:00:37,260 that ravaged the Earth were the result 15 00:00:37,440 --> 00:00:39,420 of alien viruses 16 00:00:39,510 --> 00:00:42,390 that are constantly bombarding the planet? 17 00:00:42,480 --> 00:00:44,820 NARRATOR: But are these alien viruses 18 00:00:45,000 --> 00:00:48,330 meant to harm us... or change us 19 00:00:48,510 --> 00:00:51,480 in ways we can hardly imagine? 20 00:00:51,570 --> 00:00:53,550 ANDREW COLLINS: Sometimes, viruses help 21 00:00:53,640 --> 00:00:55,620 human evolution. 22 00:00:55,800 --> 00:00:57,510 GIORGIO A. TSOUKALOS: It is a deliberate 23 00:00:57,600 --> 00:01:00,750 artificial change of our DNA. 24 00:01:03,990 --> 00:01:06,150 NARRATOR: There is a doorway 25 00:01:06,240 --> 00:01:08,490 in the universe. 26 00:01:08,670 --> 00:01:12,630 Beyond it is the promise of truth. 27 00:01:12,720 --> 00:01:15,510 It demands we question everything 28 00:01:15,690 --> 00:01:18,120 we have ever been taught. 29 00:01:18,210 --> 00:01:21,540 The evidence is all around us. 30 00:01:21,720 --> 00:01:25,320 The future is right before our eyes. 31 00:01:25,500 --> 00:01:27,840 We are not alone. 32 00:01:27,930 --> 00:01:31,260 We have never been alone. 33 00:01:44,760 --> 00:01:46,830 NARRATOR: A Stanford University study 34 00:01:46,920 --> 00:01:49,170 published in the journal eLife, 35 00:01:49,260 --> 00:01:52,320 reveals a remarkable finding that dramatically changes 36 00:01:52,500 --> 00:01:56,190 our understanding of human evolution. 37 00:01:56,370 --> 00:02:00,960 The study reports that since modern humans first emerged 38 00:02:01,050 --> 00:02:04,020 from earlier primates, roughly one third 39 00:02:04,200 --> 00:02:06,900 of their evolutionary adaptations have been caused 40 00:02:06,990 --> 00:02:10,950 not by means of natural selection, but by viruses. 41 00:02:12,930 --> 00:02:14,460 KIRSTEN FISHER: We have genes in our own genome 42 00:02:14,640 --> 00:02:17,340 that were derived from a retrovirus 43 00:02:17,430 --> 00:02:18,780 at some point in our history. 44 00:02:20,580 --> 00:02:22,830 And some actually have important functions 45 00:02:23,010 --> 00:02:25,260 for our development as humans. 46 00:02:25,350 --> 00:02:28,590 This suggests that there has been some kind 47 00:02:28,680 --> 00:02:32,730 of symbiotic relationship with viruses 48 00:02:32,820 --> 00:02:36,240 since the beginning of life itself. 49 00:02:36,330 --> 00:02:42,270 Sometimes, viruses help human evolution. 50 00:02:42,450 --> 00:02:44,610 NARRATOR: According to another study, 51 00:02:44,790 --> 00:02:47,940 one important human adaptation that resulted from a virus 52 00:02:48,030 --> 00:02:50,730 is a special layer of the human placenta 53 00:02:50,820 --> 00:02:52,980 that prevents the fetus from being rejected 54 00:02:53,160 --> 00:02:55,770 by the mother’s body. 55 00:02:55,860 --> 00:02:59,910 The genes that create this tissue are called syncytins 56 00:03:00,090 --> 00:03:03,240 and they were not originally found in human ancestors. 57 00:03:04,950 --> 00:03:06,480 FISHER: They were acquired at 58 00:03:06,570 --> 00:03:08,370 a couple different points in our history, 59 00:03:08,550 --> 00:03:10,260 about 25 and 40 million years ago. 60 00:03:10,350 --> 00:03:12,420 And they’re important for the connection 61 00:03:12,510 --> 00:03:14,490 between the mother and the fetus. 62 00:03:16,200 --> 00:03:18,090 NARRATOR: Some scientists now believe 63 00:03:18,270 --> 00:03:21,510 that viral genes like this were as important 64 00:03:21,690 --> 00:03:24,390 for human evolution as natural selection. 65 00:03:24,480 --> 00:03:27,900 HOOVER: I think that horizontal gene transfer 66 00:03:27,990 --> 00:03:30,870 being carried out by viruses or phages 67 00:03:30,960 --> 00:03:36,270 was probably the primary mechanism whereby changes 68 00:03:36,450 --> 00:03:41,040 in species and major changes within a species occurred. 69 00:03:41,220 --> 00:03:43,470 NARRATOR: Was it by pure chance 70 00:03:43,560 --> 00:03:45,720 that viruses helped to create a species 71 00:03:45,810 --> 00:03:48,060 as sophisticated as humans? 72 00:03:48,240 --> 00:03:51,840 Or might this viral evolution have been intelligently 73 00:03:52,020 --> 00:03:56,970 directed by beings from outer space? 74 00:03:57,060 --> 00:04:01,650 Anthropologists are telling us that humans evolved Anthropologists are telling us that humans evolved 75 00:04:01,740 --> 00:04:05,610 over time out of Africa and that we had certain, 76 00:04:05,790 --> 00:04:07,680 uh, genetic leaps... 77 00:04:11,550 --> 00:04:15,690 uh, became greater and so these genetic leaps 78 00:04:15,780 --> 00:04:19,650 throughout evolutionary history might have just been 79 00:04:19,740 --> 00:04:24,060 a natural thing, but they could have been engineered as well. 80 00:04:24,240 --> 00:04:26,940 TSOUKALOS: There is no doubt in my mind 81 00:04:27,030 --> 00:04:31,350 that viruses that have originated from space 82 00:04:31,440 --> 00:04:35,490 somehow had to do with our development here on Earth. 83 00:04:35,670 --> 00:04:38,640 However, it is very clear 84 00:04:38,820 --> 00:04:41,700 that the ancient astronaut theory proposes 85 00:04:41,790 --> 00:04:45,840 that the one reason why we became humans 86 00:04:46,020 --> 00:04:49,440 as we are today is not due to an accident 87 00:04:49,620 --> 00:04:52,500 by some natural virus from outer space, 88 00:04:52,500 --> 00:04:57,630 but a deliberate, artificial change of our DNA. 89 00:04:57,720 --> 00:05:00,870 NARRATOR: Could humans be the subject 90 00:05:01,050 --> 00:05:04,290 of a bioengineering project by extraterrestrials 91 00:05:04,380 --> 00:05:08,430 who use viruses from space to alter our evolution? 92 00:05:08,520 --> 00:05:11,670 And if so, could those viruses 93 00:05:11,850 --> 00:05:13,560 have been delivered to Earth in comets? 94 00:05:13,650 --> 00:05:19,050 Ancient astronaut theorists point to a curious event 95 00:05:19,230 --> 00:05:21,570 in our evolutionary history: 96 00:05:21,660 --> 00:05:24,720 the moment humans almost went extinct. 97 00:05:26,700 --> 00:05:32,370 Around 75,000 years ago, there was a bottleneck 98 00:05:32,460 --> 00:05:34,170 in human evolution. 99 00:05:36,060 --> 00:05:39,480 It’s suggested that the human population 100 00:05:39,570 --> 00:05:43,440 actually went down from millions 101 00:05:43,530 --> 00:05:46,410 down to just a few thousand. 102 00:05:46,590 --> 00:05:50,820 This is certainly something that genetics backs up. 103 00:05:51,000 --> 00:05:55,500 And we have to ask ourselves what was going on at this time. 104 00:05:55,590 --> 00:05:59,370 PHILIP IMBROGNO: Originally, geologists believed that 105 00:05:59,550 --> 00:06:02,250 that bottleneck of humanity was caused 106 00:06:02,340 --> 00:06:05,760 by the supervolcano in, uh, Sumatra exploding. 107 00:06:05,940 --> 00:06:10,980 Now, recent finds have indicated that’s not the case 108 00:06:11,070 --> 00:06:13,410 and they’re leaning more towards 109 00:06:13,500 --> 00:06:17,910 a virus, a plague, that was genetically 110 00:06:18,000 --> 00:06:19,260 programmed for early humans. 111 00:06:19,440 --> 00:06:22,320 Wiped them out. 112 00:06:22,500 --> 00:06:25,200 NARRATOR: One controversial theory 113 00:06:25,290 --> 00:06:27,720 is that the cause of this bottleneck event 114 00:06:27,810 --> 00:06:30,240 was not just a virus, but a virus 115 00:06:30,420 --> 00:06:34,380 that was brought to Earth on a comet. 116 00:06:34,560 --> 00:06:38,070 According to this theory, a comet slammed into the planet 117 00:06:38,160 --> 00:06:41,040 with such devastating force, that it created 118 00:06:41,130 --> 00:06:43,290 a nuclear winter... 119 00:06:43,380 --> 00:06:47,430 killing almost all human life on Earth. 120 00:06:47,610 --> 00:06:50,490 Almost. Because those that could survive 121 00:06:50,580 --> 00:06:53,460 both the nuclear winter and the alien virus 122 00:06:53,550 --> 00:06:58,050 emerged as a profoundly altered and improved species. 123 00:06:59,940 --> 00:07:02,370 It was immediately following this event 124 00:07:02,460 --> 00:07:04,890 that humans first began to leave evidence 125 00:07:05,070 --> 00:07:09,390 of symbolic thinking, art, music and advanced language. 126 00:07:09,480 --> 00:07:12,000 Somehow, human beings 127 00:07:12,180 --> 00:07:15,060 reached another stage of evolution. 128 00:07:15,150 --> 00:07:20,010 It was the transformation of the human brain. 129 00:07:20,190 --> 00:07:24,600 Could it be, and we believe it did happen, 130 00:07:24,690 --> 00:07:28,380 that alien viruses infected Planet Earth 131 00:07:28,470 --> 00:07:30,270 at this inflection point 132 00:07:30,450 --> 00:07:33,150 of the extinction of the human species. 133 00:07:33,240 --> 00:07:36,750 They implanted viruses in the human species 134 00:07:36,930 --> 00:07:39,360 that changed the brain. 135 00:07:39,450 --> 00:07:42,510 NARRATOR: But could viruses really survive 136 00:07:42,600 --> 00:07:45,480 in the frozen vacuum of space? 137 00:07:45,570 --> 00:07:48,180 And if so, could they have come here 138 00:07:48,270 --> 00:07:50,610 not by accident, but as some kind 139 00:07:50,790 --> 00:07:53,220 of extraterrestrial invasion? 140 00:07:55,020 --> 00:07:58,530 Ancient astronaut theorists say yes and suggest 141 00:07:58,710 --> 00:08:01,950 further clues might be found by examining a controversial 142 00:08:02,040 --> 00:08:05,550 theory that comets, far from being lifeless, 143 00:08:05,640 --> 00:08:09,150 are brimming with alien microbes 144 00:08:09,240 --> 00:08:12,030 and they are headed our way. 145 00:08:20,670 --> 00:08:22,380 NARRATOR: Boston, Massachusetts. 146 00:08:22,380 --> 00:08:26,160 August 27, 1918. 147 00:08:26,340 --> 00:08:30,030 Two sailors visit the sick bay at a seaside pier 148 00:08:30,120 --> 00:08:32,010 with frightening symptoms. 149 00:08:32,190 --> 00:08:35,970 Their bodies are literally covered with dark splotches, 150 00:08:36,060 --> 00:08:38,850 they suffer from severe bleeding 151 00:08:39,030 --> 00:08:41,460 and they are foaming at the mouth. 152 00:08:41,550 --> 00:08:47,220 The next day, eight more arrive with the same symptoms. 153 00:08:47,400 --> 00:08:51,990 And, in just a few weeks, thousands die, 154 00:08:52,080 --> 00:08:55,950 as Boston falls into the grip of one of the deadliest 155 00:08:56,040 --> 00:09:00,540 viral outbreaks of all time, the Spanish flu. 156 00:09:00,630 --> 00:09:03,510 FISHER: The 1918 Spanish flu epidemic 157 00:09:03,600 --> 00:09:08,010 is probably the worst epidemic in recorded human history. 158 00:09:09,540 --> 00:09:10,800 Medical historians estimate 159 00:09:10,980 --> 00:09:12,330 that up to 20 million 160 00:09:12,420 --> 00:09:14,670 people, uh, died during that epidemic. 161 00:09:14,850 --> 00:09:17,010 BIRNES: It didn’t just focus 162 00:09:17,100 --> 00:09:19,170 on one group of people. 163 00:09:19,260 --> 00:09:22,050 People from the very top echelon of society 164 00:09:22,140 --> 00:09:24,390 all the way to the working poor 165 00:09:24,480 --> 00:09:27,180 were struck down by the Spanish flu. 166 00:09:31,770 --> 00:09:33,840 NARRATOR: Half a world away, the same 167 00:09:34,020 --> 00:09:37,890 influenza epidemic ravages populations across India. 168 00:09:37,980 --> 00:09:42,210 Its starting point is traced back to the city of Bombay. 169 00:09:42,300 --> 00:09:46,530 And there’s a strange connection between these two outbreaks: 170 00:09:46,710 --> 00:09:51,030 they began on the same day. 171 00:09:51,120 --> 00:09:53,730 One of the things that’s not often discussed 172 00:09:53,910 --> 00:09:56,430 is that the great flu epidemic began 173 00:09:56,520 --> 00:09:59,580 on the same day in two different places: 174 00:09:59,760 --> 00:10:04,440 in Boston and on the other side of the world in Bombay. 175 00:10:04,530 --> 00:10:06,420 Now, those are two spots on the Earth 176 00:10:06,600 --> 00:10:08,490 that are virtually on opposite ends 177 00:10:08,670 --> 00:10:12,000 and you have to wonder how that is possible because 178 00:10:12,090 --> 00:10:17,760 you can’t travel, within a day, by ship from Boston to India. 179 00:10:17,850 --> 00:10:20,820 And air travel, at the time, didn’t exist. 180 00:10:20,910 --> 00:10:23,430 IMBROGNO: How does an outbreak occur 181 00:10:23,610 --> 00:10:26,310 of the same virus on places 182 00:10:26,490 --> 00:10:29,280 so spread apart 183 00:10:29,370 --> 00:10:33,330 in 1918 in less than 24 hours? 184 00:10:33,510 --> 00:10:39,450 The answer is that the virus probably fell from space. 185 00:10:39,540 --> 00:10:45,030 Perhaps the Earth was grazed by the tail of a comet... 186 00:10:47,190 --> 00:10:50,520 ...and so that’s why we had the outbreak of the epidemic 187 00:10:50,610 --> 00:10:52,590 on two sides of the planet. 188 00:10:54,210 --> 00:10:56,100 NARRATOR: Until recently, 189 00:10:56,280 --> 00:10:59,970 it was believed that radiation, extreme temperatures 190 00:11:00,150 --> 00:11:02,130 and the vacuum of space... 191 00:11:02,220 --> 00:11:04,650 that is to say, the absence of any oxygen... 192 00:11:04,740 --> 00:11:08,070 would kill any life-form. 193 00:11:08,160 --> 00:11:09,960 -ASTRONAUT: Pressurization, go Atlas. -ASTRONAUT 2: Go Centaur. 194 00:11:10,140 --> 00:11:13,020 NARRATOR: But ever since humans first ventured into space, 195 00:11:13,110 --> 00:11:17,700 scientists have been finding evidence to the contrary. 196 00:11:26,340 --> 00:11:28,320 NASA’s unmanned Surveyor 3 lander 197 00:11:28,410 --> 00:11:31,380 touches down on the Moon 198 00:11:31,560 --> 00:11:33,810 and begins its mission collecting soil 199 00:11:33,900 --> 00:11:36,600 from the lunar surface. 200 00:11:36,690 --> 00:11:39,210 Two years later, 201 00:11:39,300 --> 00:11:41,640 astronauts on the Apollo 12 mission 202 00:11:41,820 --> 00:11:46,500 recover parts of Surveyor 3 and return them to Earth. 203 00:11:46,590 --> 00:11:50,190 To the astonishment of scientists, 204 00:11:50,370 --> 00:11:54,240 living strep bacteria is found on the probe. 205 00:11:54,330 --> 00:11:58,920 But this is only the first of many cases of microorganisms 206 00:11:59,010 --> 00:12:01,260 surviving space travel. 207 00:12:03,870 --> 00:12:05,130 HOOVER: There have been experiments 208 00:12:05,310 --> 00:12:08,190 in which microorganisms have been flown 209 00:12:08,190 --> 00:12:10,260 to the International Space Station 210 00:12:10,440 --> 00:12:13,950 and exposed to the hard vacuum and the radiation 211 00:12:14,040 --> 00:12:16,920 and the temperature changes of deep space. 212 00:12:17,100 --> 00:12:19,350 And many of those organisms survived. 213 00:12:20,880 --> 00:12:22,860 NARRATOR: Incredibly, 214 00:12:22,950 --> 00:12:26,100 several types of bacteria have thrived back on Earth 215 00:12:26,280 --> 00:12:28,350 after spending up to two years 216 00:12:28,440 --> 00:12:31,230 outside the International Space Station. 217 00:12:31,320 --> 00:12:35,460 But even more surprisingly, this durability isn’t reserved 218 00:12:35,550 --> 00:12:38,340 for single-celled organisms alone. 219 00:12:38,430 --> 00:12:43,290 In September 2007, a Russian Soyuz rocket 220 00:12:43,470 --> 00:12:46,980 carried tiny animals called tardigrades into space 221 00:12:47,070 --> 00:12:48,600 to test their legendary ability 222 00:12:48,780 --> 00:12:52,740 to thrive in extreme environments. 223 00:12:52,830 --> 00:12:55,170 HOOVER: Tardigrades are called water bears. 224 00:12:55,350 --> 00:12:59,220 Uh, they’re found in the polar regions on mosses and so forth, 225 00:12:59,310 --> 00:13:01,200 and they’re beautiful little animals. 226 00:13:01,290 --> 00:13:04,710 They have a very unusual life history, 227 00:13:04,890 --> 00:13:07,860 and there were experiments in which tardigrades were carried 228 00:13:07,950 --> 00:13:09,840 to the International Space Station, 229 00:13:10,020 --> 00:13:12,630 and they were found to survive exposure 230 00:13:12,720 --> 00:13:14,970 to the deep space environment. 231 00:13:15,150 --> 00:13:17,220 And after they were brought back, 232 00:13:17,310 --> 00:13:18,930 there were several of the tardigrades 233 00:13:19,020 --> 00:13:21,900 that were still alive. 234 00:13:22,080 --> 00:13:26,940 Now, in the last 20 years, it was shown beyond any doubt 235 00:13:27,030 --> 00:13:30,540 that microbes are essentially born space travelers. 236 00:13:30,720 --> 00:13:34,950 They can survive almost any of the rigors that you can think of 237 00:13:35,130 --> 00:13:36,930 that would greet them in space. 238 00:13:37,110 --> 00:13:38,460 High temperatures, 239 00:13:38,550 --> 00:13:40,530 high radiation, 240 00:13:40,620 --> 00:13:41,970 intense cooling 241 00:13:42,150 --> 00:13:44,850 and even intense heating. 242 00:13:44,940 --> 00:13:48,810 It’s also well established that microorganisms can 243 00:13:48,900 --> 00:13:52,680 very easily survive in bodies like comets 244 00:13:52,770 --> 00:13:57,450 and could well live in bodies like Europa and Enceladus 245 00:13:57,540 --> 00:14:02,040 because there is ice there, there is liquid water oceans 246 00:14:02,130 --> 00:14:05,370 underneath the icy crust. 247 00:14:05,460 --> 00:14:08,340 NARRATOR: In recent years, astronomers are identifying 248 00:14:08,430 --> 00:14:12,660 more and more planets that could potentially harbor life. 249 00:14:12,840 --> 00:14:15,810 Some believe that microbial life 250 00:14:15,900 --> 00:14:18,870 first evolved on one of these distant planets. 251 00:14:21,390 --> 00:14:25,890 Eons later, meteor impacts blasted some of them into space, 252 00:14:25,980 --> 00:14:28,950 where they took root in comets. 253 00:14:29,130 --> 00:14:30,750 But even if true, 254 00:14:30,840 --> 00:14:33,810 how could they descend to Earth and infect humans? 255 00:14:33,990 --> 00:14:37,680 HOOVER: We know for a fact that material from other bodies 256 00:14:37,770 --> 00:14:41,190 in our solar system is continually raining down 257 00:14:41,370 --> 00:14:43,350 on the surface of the planet Earth, 258 00:14:43,440 --> 00:14:46,500 and it could well be bringing with it dead 259 00:14:46,680 --> 00:14:49,830 and possibly even living microorganisms 260 00:14:49,920 --> 00:14:53,340 as it enters the Earth’s atmosphere and then lands 261 00:14:53,430 --> 00:14:56,670 in oceans or lakes or streams of the planet. 262 00:14:56,850 --> 00:15:00,000 NARRATOR: Could this explain many of the plagues 263 00:15:00,090 --> 00:15:02,970 that sickened and killed millions throughout history? 264 00:15:03,060 --> 00:15:08,280 In 2007, an international team of researchers set up 265 00:15:08,460 --> 00:15:12,150 a research facility in the Sierra Nevada mountains of Spain 266 00:15:12,330 --> 00:15:16,020 to collect data on microbes falling to Earth from the sky. 267 00:15:16,110 --> 00:15:20,340 What they discovered remains controversial. 268 00:15:20,430 --> 00:15:23,310 The total amount of viruses 269 00:15:23,400 --> 00:15:26,460 that were falling down on the Earth 270 00:15:26,550 --> 00:15:31,680 was something like 800 million individual viruses 271 00:15:31,860 --> 00:15:35,190 per square meter of the Earth. 272 00:15:35,280 --> 00:15:37,080 The conclusion they came to, of course, was that 273 00:15:37,260 --> 00:15:40,230 this was essentially viruses that were lofted 274 00:15:40,410 --> 00:15:42,480 from the surface of the Earth, 275 00:15:42,570 --> 00:15:45,990 taken up to the clouds and brought back. 276 00:15:46,170 --> 00:15:50,400 Now, I think some would have been recirculated in this way, 277 00:15:50,490 --> 00:15:52,380 but not all, 278 00:15:52,560 --> 00:15:55,530 and I feel that this is 279 00:15:55,620 --> 00:16:00,660 one of the most striking examples of science 280 00:16:00,840 --> 00:16:05,700 being essentially dishonest in its conclusions. 281 00:16:05,790 --> 00:16:10,920 These 800 million viruses per square meter 282 00:16:11,010 --> 00:16:14,970 falling on the Earth must include viruses 283 00:16:15,150 --> 00:16:17,220 that are coming from outside. 284 00:16:19,740 --> 00:16:21,630 NARRATOR: Although some scientists believe 285 00:16:21,810 --> 00:16:24,060 that life on Earth actually originated 286 00:16:24,240 --> 00:16:28,110 with microbes that rained down from comets, 287 00:16:28,200 --> 00:16:31,080 a theory known as panspermia, 288 00:16:31,170 --> 00:16:33,330 an even more controversial theory 289 00:16:33,510 --> 00:16:35,850 called directed panspermia 290 00:16:35,940 --> 00:16:41,250 proposes that these comets were sent here not by accident, 291 00:16:41,430 --> 00:16:44,040 but deliberately. 292 00:16:45,210 --> 00:16:48,450 If I’m an alien species, 293 00:16:48,630 --> 00:16:52,680 and I want to start a colony on a different planet, 294 00:16:52,770 --> 00:16:54,570 think of what we’re doing now. 295 00:16:54,750 --> 00:16:59,610 We want to send human beings back to the Moon. 296 00:16:59,700 --> 00:17:02,760 We want to send human beings to Mars. 297 00:17:02,940 --> 00:17:05,730 What if that’s not what they did? 298 00:17:05,820 --> 00:17:11,670 What if the ancient aliens didn’t send complete life-forms, 299 00:17:11,760 --> 00:17:17,250 but sent submicroscopic life-forms? 300 00:17:17,430 --> 00:17:20,670 NARRATOR: Mainstream scientists remain skeptical 301 00:17:20,760 --> 00:17:23,640 that microbes can survive for thousands of years 302 00:17:23,820 --> 00:17:28,950 inside icy comets, much less that they might be sent to Earth 303 00:17:29,040 --> 00:17:31,650 deliberately to alter human evolution. 304 00:17:33,360 --> 00:17:35,430 But others argue that the proof 305 00:17:35,520 --> 00:17:37,770 can be found right here on Earth, 306 00:17:37,950 --> 00:17:40,830 in the closest environment we have to comets: 307 00:17:41,010 --> 00:17:44,520 the icy depths of glaciers. 308 00:17:51,000 --> 00:17:55,050 TSOUKALOS: April 17, 2019.. 309 00:17:55,230 --> 00:17:59,010 Ancient astronaut theorist Giorgio Tsoukalos 310 00:17:59,190 --> 00:18:02,430 and retired NASA scientist Dr. Richard Hoover 311 00:18:02,520 --> 00:18:05,670 are about to board a helicopter bound for a massive ice cave 312 00:18:05,850 --> 00:18:07,290 in the Canadian wilderness. 313 00:18:07,380 --> 00:18:08,820 All right, you ready for this? 314 00:18:09,000 --> 00:18:11,160 -Yes, absolutely. -All right. 315 00:18:11,340 --> 00:18:15,030 NARRATOR: Dr. Hoover spent most of his career studying fossils 316 00:18:15,120 --> 00:18:18,360 for signs of extraterrestrial microscopic life, 317 00:18:18,450 --> 00:18:21,150 and is a leading proponent of panspermia, 318 00:18:21,330 --> 00:18:24,480 the idea that life on Earth originally rained down 319 00:18:24,570 --> 00:18:26,640 from comets in outer space. 320 00:18:30,150 --> 00:18:32,310 He has invited Giorgio to accompany him 321 00:18:32,400 --> 00:18:34,560 while he investigates the Whistler ice cave... 322 00:18:34,650 --> 00:18:36,360 I always love this. 323 00:18:36,450 --> 00:18:38,160 NARRATOR: ...where he is confident they will find 324 00:18:38,250 --> 00:18:40,140 the glacial ice teeming with microbial 325 00:18:40,320 --> 00:18:44,730 and perhaps even more sophisticated life-forms. 326 00:18:44,820 --> 00:18:48,060 Life-forms that may be thousands of years old. 327 00:18:48,150 --> 00:18:50,040 HOOVER: Oh, this is just... 328 00:18:50,130 --> 00:18:53,190 -absolutely magnificent. -It really is. 329 00:18:53,280 --> 00:18:55,440 NARRATOR: If alien viruses are reaching Earth, 330 00:18:55,620 --> 00:18:59,040 Dr. Hoover suggests that those that don’t find a host 331 00:18:59,130 --> 00:19:01,470 could survive within such an environment 332 00:19:01,560 --> 00:19:04,260 for long periods of time. 333 00:19:04,350 --> 00:19:05,970 Today, he’ll examine the glacier 334 00:19:06,060 --> 00:19:09,840 for the perfect samples to analyze in his laboratory. 335 00:19:10,020 --> 00:19:12,270 So, Richard, how excited are you to be here 336 00:19:12,450 --> 00:19:14,430 to conduct this experiment? 337 00:19:14,520 --> 00:19:16,680 (chuckles): Well, I’m tremendously excited. 338 00:19:16,770 --> 00:19:20,190 -This-this is absolutely a-a marvelous opportunity... -Yeah. 339 00:19:20,280 --> 00:19:23,070 ...to do more studies of life in ice. 340 00:19:23,160 --> 00:19:26,940 NARRATOR: After a 20-minute helicopter ride, the team arrives 341 00:19:27,120 --> 00:19:30,180 at the Whistler ice cave in the Pemberton glacier. 342 00:19:31,710 --> 00:19:33,510 TSOUKALOS: Wow. 343 00:19:33,690 --> 00:19:37,380 -This is incredible. -HOOVER: Yeah, amazing. 344 00:19:38,550 --> 00:19:40,260 HOOVER: Look at that. 345 00:19:40,440 --> 00:19:43,770 There must be a thousand shades of blue in this ice cave. 346 00:19:43,860 --> 00:19:45,930 Just absolutely fantastic. 347 00:19:48,270 --> 00:19:51,690 And here we see all of these magnificent shades of blue, 348 00:19:51,780 --> 00:19:55,110 and up there you see big streaks of black. 349 00:19:55,290 --> 00:19:58,800 Glaciers like to eat rocks, and as they eat rocks, 350 00:19:58,890 --> 00:20:02,310 the rocks gather inside, and when the sun shines 351 00:20:02,490 --> 00:20:04,290 through the ice and hits the rocks, 352 00:20:04,380 --> 00:20:08,070 it can cause it to melt and form nice little pools of water, 353 00:20:08,250 --> 00:20:11,760 and then when bacteria and algae grow in there 354 00:20:11,850 --> 00:20:15,630 and respire and produce their... their photosynthetic products, 355 00:20:15,720 --> 00:20:16,980 they make their own atmosphere. 356 00:20:17,160 --> 00:20:18,600 So, around every tiny rock 357 00:20:18,690 --> 00:20:21,930 in this glacier, there is a tiny planetary system 358 00:20:22,020 --> 00:20:24,990 with its own biology, its own atmosphere, 359 00:20:25,170 --> 00:20:29,130 its own soil, in effect. And its own oceans. 360 00:20:29,310 --> 00:20:32,190 NARRATOR: The ice here is tens of thousands of years old. 361 00:20:32,280 --> 00:20:35,790 But Dr. Hoover believes it is teeming with life. 362 00:20:35,970 --> 00:20:37,680 Wow. I mean, this is, uh, spectacular. 363 00:20:37,860 --> 00:20:40,920 So, you just described, basically, our environment 364 00:20:41,010 --> 00:20:43,350 -on a microscopic level. -Exactly. 365 00:20:43,530 --> 00:20:47,310 HOOVER: There is an enormous amount of biology above us 366 00:20:47,400 --> 00:20:50,460 and throughout this wonderful glacier. 367 00:20:54,330 --> 00:20:57,300 What we’re about to do is take a core sample 368 00:20:57,390 --> 00:20:58,920 of this beautiful blue ice. 369 00:21:00,810 --> 00:21:02,430 TSOUKALOS: So, what are you looking for specifically 370 00:21:02,610 --> 00:21:04,500 -right now? -What I want to do first is 371 00:21:04,590 --> 00:21:07,920 chop away an outer layer and get into the inner ice. 372 00:21:08,100 --> 00:21:11,970 We’ll be looking inside of the ice for the ice microorganisms. 373 00:21:13,500 --> 00:21:16,290 Now we know there can’t possibly be 374 00:21:16,380 --> 00:21:18,810 any contamination, 375 00:21:18,900 --> 00:21:22,050 because this ice has been in the glacier 376 00:21:22,230 --> 00:21:25,290 and now is only freshly exposed. 377 00:21:25,380 --> 00:21:27,630 And now we take the core. 378 00:21:31,500 --> 00:21:33,570 Now we’re into the ice. 379 00:21:33,660 --> 00:21:37,530 I’ll pull the ice core out. 380 00:21:46,260 --> 00:21:47,430 -It’s okay? -Mm-hmm. 381 00:21:47,520 --> 00:21:48,780 And that’s enough, right? 382 00:21:48,960 --> 00:21:50,040 -That’s enough. Yeah. -Okay, great. 383 00:21:50,130 --> 00:21:51,300 For that first sample. 384 00:21:51,390 --> 00:21:53,640 -Yeah, cap that. -Okay. 385 00:21:53,730 --> 00:21:55,890 All the microorganisms that grow in ice 386 00:21:56,070 --> 00:21:58,500 typically grow very, very slowly. 387 00:21:58,590 --> 00:22:01,020 So... In fact, there are some microorganisms 388 00:22:01,110 --> 00:22:03,090 that only reproduce once every half a century, 389 00:22:03,270 --> 00:22:04,710 -or once a century. -Mm-hmm. 390 00:22:04,800 --> 00:22:06,960 So the microbes that are found in here, 391 00:22:07,050 --> 00:22:10,200 are they in suspended animation, or are they moving around? 392 00:22:10,290 --> 00:22:11,370 Probably both. 393 00:22:11,460 --> 00:22:13,440 So, essentially, what you’re saying 394 00:22:13,620 --> 00:22:15,870 is that this entire cave 395 00:22:15,960 --> 00:22:18,570 -is filled with life. -Yes. 396 00:22:18,660 --> 00:22:20,190 But not just that. 397 00:22:20,280 --> 00:22:23,430 This entire ice cap is filled with life. 398 00:22:23,610 --> 00:22:27,570 There is this enormous amount of microorganisms 399 00:22:27,660 --> 00:22:30,540 that live and thrive and love to live 400 00:22:30,720 --> 00:22:32,700 in these low temperatures of the... 401 00:22:32,880 --> 00:22:35,220 of the ice cave that we have here, 402 00:22:35,310 --> 00:22:37,380 and ice caves and icy, uh, glaciers 403 00:22:37,560 --> 00:22:39,090 all over the planet Earth. 404 00:22:39,180 --> 00:22:42,330 And probably all over icy regions 405 00:22:42,420 --> 00:22:44,760 within our entire solar system, and maybe... 406 00:22:44,940 --> 00:22:47,820 maybe widely distributed throughout the entire universe. 407 00:22:47,910 --> 00:22:53,040 Are we essentially inside the interior of a... of a comet? 408 00:22:53,220 --> 00:22:54,660 -Is this what it looks like? -Well... 409 00:22:54,750 --> 00:22:58,260 Yes. Microorganisms can live in ice, 410 00:22:58,440 --> 00:23:02,130 and ice is the dominant component of comets. 411 00:23:02,220 --> 00:23:05,190 Organisms can remain alive and protected by 412 00:23:05,370 --> 00:23:07,620 the icy material of the comet 413 00:23:07,800 --> 00:23:10,680 until it arrives into another solar system 414 00:23:10,770 --> 00:23:14,370 and blows off chunks of material that can find a planet 415 00:23:14,550 --> 00:23:17,250 that it can consider a wonderful home. 416 00:23:17,340 --> 00:23:20,760 And so, this basically ties in to the whole idea of panspermia. 417 00:23:20,940 --> 00:23:24,000 Water is a wonderful radiation shield. 418 00:23:24,090 --> 00:23:26,880 And when you have a comet that is 419 00:23:26,970 --> 00:23:29,400 a few miles in diameter, 420 00:23:29,580 --> 00:23:32,190 on the inside of that cometary crust, 421 00:23:32,370 --> 00:23:34,890 there is all of this magnificent ice that has been 422 00:23:34,980 --> 00:23:38,490 frozen, and then reworked with material going in and out. 423 00:23:38,670 --> 00:23:40,380 So comets are not just 424 00:23:40,560 --> 00:23:43,170 a magnificent place for panspermia. 425 00:23:43,260 --> 00:23:45,780 I am convinced that comets are an absolutely wonderful place 426 00:23:45,960 --> 00:23:47,400 for the origin of life. 427 00:23:49,650 --> 00:23:53,790 NARRATOR: Incredibly, Giorgio and Dr. Hoover discover 428 00:23:53,970 --> 00:23:57,480 that the glacier isn’t home to just microscopic life. 429 00:23:57,570 --> 00:24:00,270 This is magnificent. Look, these ice worms. 430 00:24:00,360 --> 00:24:02,160 This one has just crawled out of the glacier. 431 00:24:02,340 --> 00:24:04,680 -Oh, wow. -He’s deep in the ice. Look at this. 432 00:24:07,110 --> 00:24:08,730 Over here, two more ice worms. 433 00:24:08,820 --> 00:24:10,800 They’re all in here. 434 00:24:10,980 --> 00:24:12,060 TSOUKALOS: He’s clearly looking for something. 435 00:24:12,150 --> 00:24:14,130 HOOVER: Yeah, he’s hunting. 436 00:24:14,220 --> 00:24:17,100 We discovered life in the most inhospitable of environments. 437 00:24:17,280 --> 00:24:20,160 NARRATOR: Amazingly, Dr. Hoover has found 438 00:24:20,250 --> 00:24:22,770 some of the rarest animals on Earth. 439 00:24:22,950 --> 00:24:26,280 Ice worms only exist in a handful of locations 440 00:24:26,460 --> 00:24:28,080 in North America. 441 00:24:28,170 --> 00:24:30,420 But how can animals live and thrive 442 00:24:30,510 --> 00:24:32,490 in frozen blocks of ice? 443 00:24:32,670 --> 00:24:35,280 So, how have these ice worms come about? 444 00:24:35,370 --> 00:24:38,880 HOOVER: This is an incredible evolutionary phenomenon. 445 00:24:39,060 --> 00:24:41,760 They have apparently evolved to be able to 446 00:24:41,850 --> 00:24:44,730 live and grow and feed and reproduce 447 00:24:44,820 --> 00:24:47,070 inside of glacial ice and snow. 448 00:24:47,160 --> 00:24:51,390 They are feeding on algae, cyanobacteria 449 00:24:51,570 --> 00:24:54,270 and other bacteria that live in the ice, 450 00:24:54,360 --> 00:24:56,610 and they can make burrows through the ice, 451 00:24:56,700 --> 00:24:59,580 just like an earthworm makes burrows through the soil. 452 00:24:59,580 --> 00:25:02,460 And we may see similar kinds of organisms 453 00:25:02,640 --> 00:25:06,510 on the polar cap of Mars, or perhaps even in 454 00:25:06,600 --> 00:25:09,300 craters on the moon, or perhaps the icy moons 455 00:25:09,390 --> 00:25:12,630 of our solar system, like Europa and Enceladus. 456 00:25:12,720 --> 00:25:15,060 You know, it’s kind of incredible, because we came here 457 00:25:15,240 --> 00:25:17,670 in the hopes of finding microbial life, 458 00:25:17,850 --> 00:25:19,830 and here we are looking at ice worms, 459 00:25:19,920 --> 00:25:21,270 which are actual animals. 460 00:25:21,360 --> 00:25:23,610 So this is more than what we’d hoped for. 461 00:25:23,700 --> 00:25:24,960 It-it’s incredible. 462 00:25:25,140 --> 00:25:27,480 NARRATOR: As Giorgio and Dr. Hoover 463 00:25:27,570 --> 00:25:30,450 take their samples to a lab to be analyzed, 464 00:25:30,540 --> 00:25:33,600 what kind of life-forms might they find 465 00:25:33,780 --> 00:25:36,030 within the Pemberton glacier? 466 00:25:36,210 --> 00:25:38,820 Could it support the theory that life on comets 467 00:25:38,910 --> 00:25:41,700 is more common than we ever thought possible? 468 00:25:41,790 --> 00:25:45,300 And if so, is it just the random byproduct 469 00:25:45,480 --> 00:25:49,350 of a universe that is teeming with various forms of life? 470 00:25:49,440 --> 00:25:53,490 Or is it part of a more strategic plan? 471 00:25:53,580 --> 00:25:58,800 A plan deliberately designed to alter human evolution? 472 00:26:05,100 --> 00:26:08,430 NARRATOR: Ancient astronaut theorist Giorgio Tsoukalos -TSOUKALOS: See anything? -HOOVER: Oh, yes, yes. 473 00:26:08,520 --> 00:26:11,940 and retired NASA scientist Dr. Richard Hoover 474 00:26:12,030 --> 00:26:13,920 have just collected deep ice core samples 475 00:26:14,100 --> 00:26:16,980 from the Pemberton glacier in Whistler, Canada. 476 00:26:17,160 --> 00:26:20,040 First sample that we got. 477 00:26:20,130 --> 00:26:22,470 NARRATOR: Now back in the lab, they are hoping 478 00:26:22,650 --> 00:26:25,530 to observe microorganisms that remain dormant 479 00:26:25,710 --> 00:26:26,880 within the glacial ice 480 00:26:27,060 --> 00:26:28,950 and are just now returning to life 481 00:26:29,130 --> 00:26:32,190 for the first time in thousands of years. 482 00:26:32,280 --> 00:26:33,900 -See anything? -Oh, yes. Oh, yes, yes. 483 00:26:33,990 --> 00:26:36,240 We’ve got bacteria. 484 00:26:36,330 --> 00:26:38,310 This is fantastic. I mean, 485 00:26:38,400 --> 00:26:40,470 look at this one spinning right here. 486 00:26:40,650 --> 00:26:42,450 This one just moved straight across the screen. 487 00:26:42,540 --> 00:26:44,700 And this one is tumbling. 488 00:26:44,880 --> 00:26:46,590 And notice there’s a cell that has just undergone 489 00:26:46,770 --> 00:26:48,840 cell division. Here’s another one that’s 490 00:26:48,930 --> 00:26:50,550 -just undergone cell division. -Okay. 491 00:26:52,260 --> 00:26:55,500 The quest for extraterrestrial life, to me, 492 00:26:55,680 --> 00:26:59,280 has been a lifelong one, as it has been with you. 493 00:26:59,370 --> 00:27:01,980 So I’ve traveled around the world, climbing pyramids. 494 00:27:02,070 --> 00:27:05,040 I’ve looked at statues, I’ve been to hundreds of museums. 495 00:27:05,220 --> 00:27:07,290 I’ve read countless ancient texts. 496 00:27:07,380 --> 00:27:10,260 And here, we are looking at something 497 00:27:10,440 --> 00:27:14,850 that shows extraterrestrial life that may have come here 498 00:27:14,940 --> 00:27:16,560 millions of years ago. 499 00:27:16,650 --> 00:27:20,610 The fascinating thing is that a far more 500 00:27:20,790 --> 00:27:23,220 extraordinary hypothesis than the existence 501 00:27:23,310 --> 00:27:25,020 of extraterrestrial life 502 00:27:25,200 --> 00:27:28,350 is the hypothesis that life exists on the planet Earth 503 00:27:28,440 --> 00:27:30,240 and nowhere else in the universe. 504 00:27:30,420 --> 00:27:33,840 If that were to turn out to be what really is the case, 505 00:27:34,020 --> 00:27:36,990 then we would be completely unique, 506 00:27:37,080 --> 00:27:39,240 and we would be different from everywhere else 507 00:27:39,420 --> 00:27:40,860 in the universe. 508 00:27:40,950 --> 00:27:43,830 And that would be an amazing discovery. 509 00:27:44,010 --> 00:27:45,450 Much more amazing 510 00:27:45,630 --> 00:27:48,780 than finding out that bacteria or ice worms 511 00:27:48,870 --> 00:27:51,750 are crawling around on the surface of Europa today. 512 00:27:51,840 --> 00:27:53,820 This is incredibly fascinating, you know. 513 00:27:54,000 --> 00:27:57,960 And it’s also refreshing to hear an actual NASA scientist 514 00:27:58,050 --> 00:28:00,300 telling me these things. 515 00:28:00,390 --> 00:28:03,900 NARRATOR: If, as Dr. Hoover’s research indicates, 516 00:28:04,080 --> 00:28:08,040 icy comets are ideal incubators for extraterrestrial life, 517 00:28:08,130 --> 00:28:11,010 and if microorganisms are incredibly common 518 00:28:11,100 --> 00:28:15,150 in the universe, is the Earth being regularly bombarded 519 00:28:15,330 --> 00:28:17,850 by tiny alien life-forms? 520 00:28:17,940 --> 00:28:21,810 Life-forms that could not only grow and mutate, 521 00:28:21,900 --> 00:28:25,860 but could also pose a deadly threat to mankind? 522 00:28:30,630 --> 00:28:34,500 Sussex, England, 1992. 523 00:28:34,590 --> 00:28:37,290 Cattle are slaughtered by the thousands 524 00:28:37,380 --> 00:28:39,900 as government officials try to prevent the spread 525 00:28:40,080 --> 00:28:42,870 of the most frightening new disease on Earth 526 00:28:43,050 --> 00:28:45,300 called "mad cow disease." 527 00:28:45,390 --> 00:28:47,820 It is an entirely new kind of illness 528 00:28:47,910 --> 00:28:51,150 caused by bizarre proteins called prions. 529 00:28:51,240 --> 00:28:53,490 FISHER: So, mad cow really sort of challenged our, 530 00:28:53,580 --> 00:28:56,640 uh, traditional concepts of disease causation 531 00:28:56,820 --> 00:29:00,240 in the sense that it wasn’t a bacterium, wasn’t a virus. 532 00:29:00,240 --> 00:29:02,220 It’s actually sort of like rogue proteins 533 00:29:02,400 --> 00:29:04,110 that don’t fold correctly 534 00:29:04,200 --> 00:29:07,710 and sort of pass on that information to other proteins, 535 00:29:07,800 --> 00:29:09,870 and that sort of makes them dysfunctional as well. 536 00:29:09,960 --> 00:29:13,830 NARRATOR: Some of the microbes found in cometary debris 537 00:29:14,010 --> 00:29:17,790 contain chemical structures very similar to prions. 538 00:29:17,880 --> 00:29:20,040 HOOVER: They could have been introduced from space 539 00:29:20,130 --> 00:29:22,290 because of the fact that mad cow disease 540 00:29:22,380 --> 00:29:24,630 seemed to have appeared rather abruptly 541 00:29:24,720 --> 00:29:27,960 and been transferred rather widely. 542 00:29:28,140 --> 00:29:30,930 NARRATOR: According to ancient astronaut theorists, 543 00:29:31,020 --> 00:29:33,000 the sudden appearance of mad cow disease 544 00:29:33,180 --> 00:29:36,150 raises an intriguing question. 545 00:29:36,330 --> 00:29:38,220 Could many of history’s worst epidemics 546 00:29:38,400 --> 00:29:40,020 have come from space? 547 00:29:40,110 --> 00:29:44,700 And if so, did they come here purely by chance, 548 00:29:44,790 --> 00:29:47,670 or were they sent here on purpose? 549 00:29:47,850 --> 00:29:51,090 BIRNES: What if the terrible plagues that ravaged the Earth 550 00:29:51,270 --> 00:29:54,690 were the result of alien viruses 551 00:29:54,870 --> 00:29:57,300 that are constantly bombarding the planet? 552 00:29:57,390 --> 00:30:01,710 NARRATOR: August 26, 1976. 553 00:30:01,890 --> 00:30:05,130 The small village of Yambuku in Zaire 554 00:30:05,220 --> 00:30:08,460 is struck by a deadly disease that causes victims 555 00:30:08,550 --> 00:30:11,430 to ooze blood from every orifice. 556 00:30:11,610 --> 00:30:14,850 The name of the disease: Ebola. 557 00:30:14,940 --> 00:30:18,180 Ebola is a viral hemorrhagic fever 558 00:30:18,360 --> 00:30:20,250 of humans and other primates, 559 00:30:20,340 --> 00:30:22,590 so it causes, like, massive internal bleeding 560 00:30:22,680 --> 00:30:25,830 and often death in, like, over 50% of cases. 561 00:30:28,530 --> 00:30:31,950 NARRATOR: Initially thought to be a new disease, 562 00:30:32,040 --> 00:30:35,190 alert historians recognized the symptoms of Ebola 563 00:30:35,370 --> 00:30:38,430 as being identical to those of an epidemic 564 00:30:38,520 --> 00:30:42,300 that ravaged the Roman Empire nearly 2,000 years ago. 565 00:30:42,390 --> 00:30:46,350 In 250 AD, the Plague of Cyprian 566 00:30:46,440 --> 00:30:49,590 struck the city of Carthage in North Africa. 567 00:30:49,680 --> 00:30:53,820 Incredibly contagious, it caused infected victims 568 00:30:54,000 --> 00:30:56,160 to ooze blood from every orifice, 569 00:30:56,250 --> 00:30:58,680 just like Ebola virus, 570 00:30:58,860 --> 00:31:01,740 and killed off half the population. 571 00:31:03,630 --> 00:31:07,230 But just as quickly as it appeared, 572 00:31:07,410 --> 00:31:11,910 the plague seemed to disappear completely from the planet. 573 00:31:12,000 --> 00:31:16,680 If Ebola is present on Earth in the third century, 574 00:31:16,860 --> 00:31:21,360 then disappears all the way through to the 1970s, 575 00:31:21,540 --> 00:31:24,330 if it isn’t somewhere hiding on Earth, 576 00:31:24,420 --> 00:31:27,390 is it possible that it was out in space itself? 577 00:31:27,480 --> 00:31:29,640 Perhaps on a comet? 578 00:31:29,730 --> 00:31:33,240 And that this is the reason why it returned 579 00:31:33,420 --> 00:31:39,000 on a comet itself to rain down more misery on humanity? 580 00:31:39,090 --> 00:31:42,240 NARRATOR: Was the virus that we know as Ebola 581 00:31:42,330 --> 00:31:45,300 really dormant for nearly 20 centuries? 582 00:31:45,480 --> 00:31:51,420 Or was it deliberately sent to Earth not once but twice? 583 00:31:51,510 --> 00:31:54,750 As far as ancient astronaut theorists are concerned, 584 00:31:54,840 --> 00:31:57,540 the answer is obvious. 585 00:31:57,630 --> 00:32:00,330 And as proof, they point to accounts concerning 586 00:32:00,420 --> 00:32:03,300 another of history’s worst plagues: 587 00:32:03,480 --> 00:32:05,640 the Black Death. 588 00:32:05,730 --> 00:32:07,890 TSOUKALOS: What’s interesting about these accounts 589 00:32:08,070 --> 00:32:11,310 is that they seem to have originated 590 00:32:11,400 --> 00:32:14,640 after something strange was seen up in the sky. 591 00:32:14,730 --> 00:32:18,870 For example, they saw this black shield 592 00:32:19,050 --> 00:32:22,470 travel across, and then it is also described 593 00:32:22,560 --> 00:32:24,900 that this black dust 594 00:32:24,990 --> 00:32:28,770 came off that particular object. 595 00:32:28,950 --> 00:32:31,290 IMBROGNO: Also, in the wheat fields, 596 00:32:31,380 --> 00:32:33,450 they reported these strange figures 597 00:32:33,540 --> 00:32:36,510 holding some type of device, like a sickle. 598 00:32:36,690 --> 00:32:38,670 Some people feel today these reports were 599 00:32:38,760 --> 00:32:42,810 some types of extraterrestrials causing the disease. 600 00:32:44,070 --> 00:32:45,150 NARRATOR: Ironically, 601 00:32:45,240 --> 00:32:47,220 with half the population gone, 602 00:32:47,400 --> 00:32:49,110 those who survived the plague 603 00:32:49,200 --> 00:32:51,450 enjoyed twice the wealth and natural resources 604 00:32:51,540 --> 00:32:53,610 of the previous generation. 605 00:32:53,700 --> 00:32:56,490 They also had much stronger immune systems. 606 00:32:56,580 --> 00:32:58,470 So, could this have been part 607 00:32:58,650 --> 00:33:01,890 of some deliberate extraterrestrial plan? 608 00:33:01,980 --> 00:33:04,140 Ancient astronaut theorists believe 609 00:33:04,230 --> 00:33:07,560 that such an audacious notion is possible. 610 00:33:07,650 --> 00:33:09,900 If you’re an alien culture 611 00:33:09,990 --> 00:33:14,310 and you’re seeing Earth overpopulating 612 00:33:14,490 --> 00:33:19,080 to the point where the planet can’t sustain the population, 613 00:33:19,080 --> 00:33:21,510 -what do we do with animals in the wild? -(gunshot) 614 00:33:21,690 --> 00:33:23,400 We cull them. 615 00:33:23,580 --> 00:33:29,070 What if these plagues were alien cultures culling us? 616 00:33:29,160 --> 00:33:32,040 BARA: Well, these could actually be designer viruses, 617 00:33:32,130 --> 00:33:34,290 designer bacteria that are sent here 618 00:33:34,470 --> 00:33:36,990 to kill people with specific genetic weaknesses 619 00:33:37,080 --> 00:33:40,050 and make the rest of the gene pool that much stronger. 620 00:33:40,230 --> 00:33:44,460 NARRATOR: But if extraterrestrials are trying to cull our population 621 00:33:44,550 --> 00:33:46,620 or strengthen our genetic makeup 622 00:33:46,710 --> 00:33:50,220 through the introduction of microbes, why? 623 00:33:50,310 --> 00:33:53,460 Some ancient astronaut theorists suspect 624 00:33:53,640 --> 00:33:57,690 that the ultimate objective is to make us more like them. 625 00:34:05,430 --> 00:34:09,300 July 2013. 626 00:34:11,100 --> 00:34:12,810 Scientists announce the discovery 627 00:34:12,990 --> 00:34:14,790 of an entirely new class 628 00:34:14,880 --> 00:34:18,300 of extremely large microbes called Pandoraviruses. 629 00:34:20,280 --> 00:34:23,520 Up to 94% of the Pandoravirus genome 630 00:34:23,610 --> 00:34:27,030 has nothing in common with any other life-form on Earth. 631 00:34:27,210 --> 00:34:30,900 FISHER: These very large viruses, the Pandoraviruses, 632 00:34:30,990 --> 00:34:34,410 they have a very high frequency of genes that basically don’t 633 00:34:34,500 --> 00:34:36,120 correspond to any other genes 634 00:34:36,210 --> 00:34:38,010 in-in other organisms that we know of. 635 00:34:39,720 --> 00:34:41,790 NARRATOR: While seemingly alien, 636 00:34:41,880 --> 00:34:44,310 Pandoraviruses do share one thing in common 637 00:34:44,490 --> 00:34:49,170 with all life on Earth: DNA. 638 00:34:49,260 --> 00:34:51,420 Those who endorse panspermia say that this supports 639 00:34:51,600 --> 00:34:54,030 a key part of their hypothesis. 640 00:34:54,120 --> 00:34:59,340 Namely, that all life in the universe is based on DNA, 641 00:34:59,430 --> 00:35:01,230 and therefore, that life on Earth 642 00:35:01,410 --> 00:35:04,920 is closely related to life everywhere. 643 00:35:05,100 --> 00:35:10,500 If DNA is present throughout space 644 00:35:10,590 --> 00:35:13,560 and we are a product of that DNA 645 00:35:13,740 --> 00:35:18,330 and the other species elsewhere in the galaxy 646 00:35:18,330 --> 00:35:22,470 are also the result of the same DNA, 647 00:35:22,650 --> 00:35:25,620 then very clearly there’s some kind of 648 00:35:25,710 --> 00:35:29,670 symbiotic relationship between all of us. 649 00:35:31,290 --> 00:35:32,910 NARRATOR: If all life in the universe 650 00:35:33,000 --> 00:35:34,890 is based on DNA, 651 00:35:34,980 --> 00:35:38,040 then aliens would be closely related to humans. 652 00:35:40,380 --> 00:35:42,900 Is this why so many abductees report 653 00:35:43,080 --> 00:35:45,330 that their alien abductors are so interested 654 00:35:45,420 --> 00:35:47,400 in human genetic material? 655 00:35:49,380 --> 00:35:51,720 Many abductees have talked about 656 00:35:51,900 --> 00:35:54,870 how they were taken on board UFOs 657 00:35:54,960 --> 00:35:58,920 and subjected to medical experimentation. 658 00:35:59,010 --> 00:36:04,590 Witnesses talk about blood, sperm, eggs 659 00:36:04,680 --> 00:36:06,570 being removed from their bodies. 660 00:36:08,370 --> 00:36:10,980 IMBROGNO: It’s very possible that an alien intelligence 661 00:36:11,070 --> 00:36:13,050 is tinkering with our DNA 662 00:36:13,140 --> 00:36:16,470 to try to make us more compatible to them. 663 00:36:16,560 --> 00:36:20,520 And that perhaps one day, the two species will unite. 664 00:36:20,700 --> 00:36:23,490 And they will no longer be our gods, 665 00:36:23,580 --> 00:36:25,380 but we will be their equals. 666 00:36:25,560 --> 00:36:28,980 BARA: If aliens are using these microbes 667 00:36:29,070 --> 00:36:31,680 to make us more like them, then obviously we’re gonna start 668 00:36:31,770 --> 00:36:35,640 to show signs of that sort of genetic physical evolution. 669 00:36:35,820 --> 00:36:38,430 In other words, our testosterone levels should go down, 670 00:36:38,520 --> 00:36:41,760 we’re going to become more frail, 671 00:36:41,940 --> 00:36:45,000 we’re probably going to become more androgynous. 672 00:36:45,090 --> 00:36:48,330 Our intelligence is gonna be spiked. 673 00:36:48,510 --> 00:36:52,470 NARRATOR: Some point out that these changes are happening already. 674 00:36:52,560 --> 00:36:54,540 BIRNES: There are trends in the evolution 675 00:36:54,630 --> 00:36:56,070 of human beings right now. 676 00:36:56,250 --> 00:36:57,960 Sperm counts are going down. 677 00:36:58,050 --> 00:37:01,380 Sperm counts are going down, by the way, 678 00:37:01,470 --> 00:37:04,530 as the world’s population is crashing 679 00:37:04,710 --> 00:37:07,230 through eight billion to ten billion. 680 00:37:09,210 --> 00:37:11,370 BARA: Maybe we’ll become more like the aliens, 681 00:37:11,550 --> 00:37:13,710 and perhaps that means that we’re actually more compatible 682 00:37:13,800 --> 00:37:15,240 with them genetically, 683 00:37:15,420 --> 00:37:17,310 if that path is the one that’s laid out. 684 00:37:17,400 --> 00:37:19,650 So, you could actually look at the development 685 00:37:19,740 --> 00:37:21,720 of higher intelligence as, again, 686 00:37:21,810 --> 00:37:23,250 kind of a genetic Trojan horse 687 00:37:23,430 --> 00:37:25,230 that eventually leads us to a point 688 00:37:25,410 --> 00:37:28,650 where it’s far easier for us to be crossed genetically 689 00:37:28,740 --> 00:37:30,810 with alien species. 690 00:37:32,970 --> 00:37:35,670 NARRATOR: Could human beings be the subjects 691 00:37:35,760 --> 00:37:38,010 of an ingenious bioengineering project 692 00:37:38,100 --> 00:37:40,980 conducted by extraterrestrials? 693 00:37:41,070 --> 00:37:43,320 Ancient astronaut theorists believe 694 00:37:43,410 --> 00:37:45,930 that not only is the answer yes, 695 00:37:46,110 --> 00:37:49,620 but that this process, while at times painful, 696 00:37:49,710 --> 00:37:52,770 will ultimately benefit humanity. 697 00:37:52,860 --> 00:37:55,740 But they also warn that the extraterrestrials 698 00:37:55,830 --> 00:37:58,260 may have another agenda, 699 00:37:58,440 --> 00:38:01,590 one that doesn’t benefit us, but them. 700 00:38:13,380 --> 00:38:15,630 NARRATOR: The scientific journal Current Biology 701 00:38:15,810 --> 00:38:18,780 reports that biologists at the University of Rochester 702 00:38:18,960 --> 00:38:21,840 have solved the mystery of the pea aphid, 703 00:38:21,840 --> 00:38:25,800 a tiny sap-sucking insect that is normally wingless 704 00:38:25,980 --> 00:38:28,410 but periodically develops wings 705 00:38:28,590 --> 00:38:31,200 when it needs to seek out new plants to colonize. 706 00:38:31,290 --> 00:38:33,720 What they found is that the genes 707 00:38:33,900 --> 00:38:37,950 that form the on/off switch for wings belong to a virus, 708 00:38:38,040 --> 00:38:40,560 the genome of which has become fully incorporated 709 00:38:40,650 --> 00:38:42,270 into that of its host. 710 00:38:45,060 --> 00:38:47,850 The researchers suggest that while this is beneficial 711 00:38:47,940 --> 00:38:50,640 to the aphid, it is actually the virus 712 00:38:50,730 --> 00:38:52,260 that induces wing development 713 00:38:52,440 --> 00:38:54,510 in order to spread itself around. 714 00:38:56,580 --> 00:39:00,090 NARRATOR: Similarly, it was also found in 2019 715 00:39:00,180 --> 00:39:03,690 that many wasps carry a virus that increases their longevity, 716 00:39:03,870 --> 00:39:07,290 enabling the virus to be spread further. 717 00:39:07,380 --> 00:39:09,990 FISHER: Viruses sort of straddle our concepts 718 00:39:10,080 --> 00:39:12,150 of living or nonliving 719 00:39:12,240 --> 00:39:14,670 because they require a host 720 00:39:14,850 --> 00:39:17,460 in order to reproduce themselves 721 00:39:17,550 --> 00:39:20,790 and also to carry out any life function. 722 00:39:20,970 --> 00:39:24,390 So they can’t metabolize or utilize their own energy. 723 00:39:24,570 --> 00:39:26,730 They have to rely on a host cell to do that 724 00:39:26,820 --> 00:39:29,430 and to make copies of themselves as well. 725 00:39:29,520 --> 00:39:32,400 NARRATOR: On its own, a virus is inert. 726 00:39:32,490 --> 00:39:35,100 It only comes to life and is able to reproduce 727 00:39:35,190 --> 00:39:38,070 once it comes in contact with a host. 728 00:39:38,250 --> 00:39:41,670 Like the viruses themselves, if extraterrestrials 729 00:39:41,760 --> 00:39:44,010 are altering humans, is it perhaps 730 00:39:44,100 --> 00:39:47,430 to further their own species? 731 00:39:47,520 --> 00:39:49,230 Are they slowly transforming us 732 00:39:49,410 --> 00:39:51,840 into new incarnations of themselves, 733 00:39:51,930 --> 00:39:55,620 not to advance humankind, but their own kind? 734 00:39:55,710 --> 00:39:57,870 Perhaps. 735 00:39:57,960 --> 00:40:00,570 But some ancient astronaut theorists suggest 736 00:40:00,750 --> 00:40:02,550 that, as is the case with the aphid 737 00:40:02,640 --> 00:40:04,350 and also the wasp, 738 00:40:04,440 --> 00:40:08,310 this process might be mutually beneficial. 739 00:40:08,400 --> 00:40:11,010 POPE: One theory is that these 740 00:40:11,100 --> 00:40:12,630 extraterrestrial visitors, 741 00:40:12,810 --> 00:40:15,420 they are a dying race, 742 00:40:15,510 --> 00:40:20,550 and that they are injecting new genetic material 743 00:40:20,640 --> 00:40:23,340 which will help save them. 744 00:40:23,430 --> 00:40:28,290 Another related theory is... let’s take human DNA, 745 00:40:28,470 --> 00:40:33,510 let’s take alien DNA, and let’s create something even better. 746 00:40:36,210 --> 00:40:38,100 TSOUKALOS: I think that humankind 747 00:40:38,190 --> 00:40:42,960 has been part of a... eternal experiment, 748 00:40:43,140 --> 00:40:46,110 something that’s begun a long, long time ago, 749 00:40:46,200 --> 00:40:49,890 and I think that this is an ongoing process. 750 00:40:50,070 --> 00:40:53,850 Now, figuring out what the change is, 751 00:40:54,030 --> 00:40:56,190 is... your guess is as good as mine. 752 00:40:56,280 --> 00:41:00,240 COLLINS: If we find that viruses 753 00:41:00,420 --> 00:41:03,840 do come from space, then we know 754 00:41:03,930 --> 00:41:08,520 that because there is a relationship between viruses 755 00:41:08,700 --> 00:41:11,310 and evolution, that this is something 756 00:41:11,400 --> 00:41:14,190 that must be universal. 757 00:41:14,280 --> 00:41:17,430 It’s something that connects us 758 00:41:17,520 --> 00:41:20,760 with every other possible life source 759 00:41:20,940 --> 00:41:23,460 everywhere out there in the universe. 760 00:41:28,140 --> 00:41:31,470 NARRATOR: Is it possible that the history of disease on our planet 761 00:41:31,560 --> 00:41:33,810 is not only a human story, 762 00:41:33,900 --> 00:41:36,150 but an extraterrestrial one? 763 00:41:36,240 --> 00:41:40,290 As far as ancient astronaut theorists are concerned, 764 00:41:40,380 --> 00:41:43,260 the answer is a profound "yes." 765 00:41:43,440 --> 00:41:46,860 And if such a notion is true, they insist that 766 00:41:46,950 --> 00:41:48,930 these so-called "alien infections" 767 00:41:49,020 --> 00:41:52,620 are not meant to destroy us, but to serve as a kind 768 00:41:52,710 --> 00:41:56,130 of inoculation, a preparation for the day 769 00:41:56,220 --> 00:42:01,170 when mankind comes face-to-face with its alien relatives. 61847

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