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Mount Everest...
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00:01:04,747 --> 00:01:08,239
Twenty-nine thousand feet...
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00:01:08,484 --> 00:01:13,979
The highest point on Earth...
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00:01:14,023 --> 00:01:16,184
Captivating and deadly.
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00:01:17,893 --> 00:01:20,760
In the 1920s,
to conquer this mountain
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00:01:20,796 --> 00:01:25,130
was the greatest challenge remaining
in a golden age of adventure.
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00:01:28,571 --> 00:01:31,734
Everest was the edge of heaven,
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00:01:31,774 --> 00:01:35,608
where many believed
no human could survive.
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00:01:37,780 --> 00:01:40,078
But not George Mallory.
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00:02:03,072 --> 00:02:09,238
(Mallory)
"Everest is the last
great conquest for man...
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00:02:09,278 --> 00:02:11,906
The Wildest Dream."
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00:02:26,562 --> 00:02:30,862
George Mallory dreamed of being
the first man to climb Everest.
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00:02:30,900 --> 00:02:34,131
On June 8, 1924,
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00:02:34,170 --> 00:02:37,606
dressed in gabardine
and hobnailed boots,
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00:02:37,640 --> 00:02:40,575
he and his fellow climber,
Sandy Irvine,
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00:02:40,609 --> 00:02:43,942
were last seen
800 feet below the summit.
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00:02:47,850 --> 00:02:51,342
Then the clouds rolled in...
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00:02:51,587 --> 00:02:53,953
They were never seen alive again.
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00:02:57,026 --> 00:03:03,090
Many believed that almost 30 years
before Everest was officially conquered,
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00:03:03,132 --> 00:03:07,899
George Mallory was the first man
to set foot on the top of the world.
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00:03:33,162 --> 00:03:37,030
Seventy-five years after
Mallory and Irvine vanished,
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00:03:37,066 --> 00:03:40,866
mountaineer Conrad Anker
took part in an expedition
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00:03:40,903 --> 00:03:43,872
looking for their bodies
high on Everest.
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00:03:46,642 --> 00:03:48,303
(radio communication)
Conrad, come in please.
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00:03:49,912 --> 00:03:53,143
I'm down at 26,7 - over.
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Anker struck off on his own.
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00:03:57,653 --> 00:03:59,746
Conrad, you're way below
the search zone.
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You need to be higher - over.
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00:04:02,658 --> 00:04:04,285
(Conrad Anker) I was curious.
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I stopped, turned around...
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and there was a patch of white.
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It wasn't snow; it was matte -
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a light-absorbing color, like marble.
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As I got closer,
I realized this was the body
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00:04:37,226 --> 00:04:39,820
of one of the pioneering
English climbers,
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00:04:39,862 --> 00:04:42,194
frozen onto the mountainside.
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00:04:47,703 --> 00:04:50,194
For a moment I thought...
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maybe I can just keep walking
and keep it to myself.
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00:04:59,715 --> 00:05:03,344
But then,
that's what we were there for.
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00:05:08,390 --> 00:05:11,086
(radio) Group Meeting.
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Mandatory group meeting - over.
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Here, wait!
This is George Mallory!
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Oh, my God!
Oh, my God!
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00:05:45,895 --> 00:05:48,261
You see that?
George Mallory.
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Oh, my God!
46
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George Mallory and I -
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our two paths have intersected
75 years apart.
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00:06:21,330 --> 00:06:28,361
My aunt called me and said
in a rather small voice on the phone:
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"Suzie, they've found
my father's body on Mount Everest."
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00:06:33,842 --> 00:06:35,901
I was amazed,
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00:06:35,945 --> 00:06:37,572
I was absolutely shocked.
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00:06:39,081 --> 00:06:42,073
It was very powerful to know
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00:06:42,117 --> 00:06:47,054
where my grandfather was
and how he died.
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(Anker)
He had a compound fracture
of his right leg, above the ankle -
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00:06:54,830 --> 00:06:57,458
fatal on Everest.
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00:06:57,499 --> 00:07:01,060
His arms were outstretched
as if he had tried
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00:07:01,103 --> 00:07:03,936
to dig his fingers
into the side of the mountain.
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00:07:06,842 --> 00:07:09,333
He was last seen up on the ridge,
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00:07:09,378 --> 00:07:12,074
heading west for the summit.
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00:07:12,114 --> 00:07:15,083
But I found him far to the east.
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00:07:15,117 --> 00:07:17,415
So Mallory was on his way back,
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00:07:17,453 --> 00:07:20,616
maybe returning
from the summit itself.
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00:07:31,133 --> 00:07:34,967
His sun goggles,
vital against the glare from the snow,
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were in his pocket.
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00:07:36,872 --> 00:07:39,102
So it must have been getting dark.
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00:07:45,214 --> 00:07:49,514
He and Irvine were tied together
by a thin cotton rope.
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00:07:58,327 --> 00:08:03,663
They were tired, absolutely beat,
no energy left,
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00:08:03,899 --> 00:08:05,924
minds not functioning clearly.
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00:08:46,475 --> 00:08:50,172
Mallory crossed his left leg
over the broken one
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to ease the pain.
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00:08:54,349 --> 00:08:57,045
It was a matter of minutes,
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a half hour at the very most,
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00:09:00,089 --> 00:09:02,182
before he died.
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00:09:14,503 --> 00:09:16,733
Did Mallory reach the summit
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00:09:16,972 --> 00:09:21,102
almost three decades
before the first official climb?
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00:09:25,981 --> 00:09:30,475
We discovered
many things on his body...
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Documents and letters
perfectly preserved 75 years later.
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00:09:36,258 --> 00:09:41,491
His wristwatch,
rusted in at 10 after 5.
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00:09:41,530 --> 00:09:45,762
The goggles that were
inside of his vest.
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00:09:46,001 --> 00:09:50,529
An altimeter - the face broken
and the hands missing.
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00:09:52,341 --> 00:09:55,572
But one very significant item
was missing:
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The photo of his wife Ruth,
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00:09:58,280 --> 00:10:00,510
which he'd promised
to leave on the summit.
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00:10:03,352 --> 00:10:04,785
Was the photo missing
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00:10:05,020 --> 00:10:08,251
because Mallory had
reached the summit and placed it there -
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00:10:08,290 --> 00:10:11,259
the ultimate tribute to his love of Ruth?
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00:10:17,299 --> 00:10:21,065
He was last seen
about 800 feet below the summit,
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near the notoriously difficult
Second Step.
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00:10:29,178 --> 00:10:32,670
If Mallory was able
to make it to the summit in 1924,
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00:10:32,714 --> 00:10:36,810
he and Irvine would have had
to have climbed this overhanging cliff
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00:10:37,052 --> 00:10:38,747
at about 28,000 feet.
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00:10:41,323 --> 00:10:45,692
There's never been a confirmed
free climb of the Second Step.
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Everyone who climbs it today
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uses a metal ladder
bolted to the rock
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00:10:50,199 --> 00:10:53,168
by Chinese climbers in 1975.
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I want to go back to Everest
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to try and climb
the Second Step,
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00:11:01,076 --> 00:11:04,477
under the very same conditions
Mallory faced.
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00:11:06,748 --> 00:11:11,708
It was a pure cliff
when Mallory and Irvine approached it.
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No one had ever been there.
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00:11:14,089 --> 00:11:17,752
It would have been
an incredible feat of climbing
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if they had pulled that off.
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00:11:26,235 --> 00:11:29,864
Adventure, risk...
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There are some people
that thrive on it,
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that seek it out,
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they want to
push their own limits.
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00:11:40,115 --> 00:11:42,345
Mallory is one of those people.
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00:11:50,125 --> 00:11:52,889
Mallory grew up in Cheshire,
Northern England.
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00:11:54,529 --> 00:11:59,262
He made his first fateful climb
in Mobberley, his home village.
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00:12:02,804 --> 00:12:06,365
Mallory's father was a vicar
here at this church.
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And it was here that
the young boy escaped
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and climbed to the top
of the church - age seven.
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You can imagine that...
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Finding climbing,
it's his true passion in life.
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(Susan Robertson)
I actually think that
some people who climb
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are wired a little differently
from the rest of us.
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My grandfather really didn't
feel fear of heights
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00:13:00,896 --> 00:13:05,959
or precipices or anything like that.
119
00:13:06,201 --> 00:13:11,764
He had a way of climbing that was
not quite like everyone else's.
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00:13:11,807 --> 00:13:14,867
His arms and legs would
just sort of eat up a mountain
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00:13:14,910 --> 00:13:18,710
and he would start
flowing over it like a wave.
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00:13:23,618 --> 00:13:27,577
Aged 19, Mallory entered
the University of Cambridge
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00:13:27,622 --> 00:13:30,648
at a time of great cultural upheaval.
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00:13:33,628 --> 00:13:36,495
When Mallory arrived
in Cambridge in 1905
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00:13:36,531 --> 00:13:39,989
he pitched into this ferment
and bubble of ideas,
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excitement, intellectual,
sexual, social, secret societies.
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He obviously possessed
some remarkable charisma,
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sort of charmed presence
that drew the eye,
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00:13:53,382 --> 00:13:55,282
compelled the gaze.
130
00:13:59,254 --> 00:14:03,486
(Mallory)
"My mind is in a state
of constant rebellion.
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00:14:03,525 --> 00:14:05,959
I believe that will always be so."
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00:14:07,262 --> 00:14:10,891
He was a dreamer...
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00:14:10,932 --> 00:14:16,370
And he was in Cambridge at a time
of great and powerful dreaming.
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00:14:16,405 --> 00:14:20,398
And eventually that dream
took its form in the shape of Everest.
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00:14:24,613 --> 00:14:27,912
This was the golden age of exploration.
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00:14:27,949 --> 00:14:30,042
Mallory watched
with the rest of the world
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00:14:30,285 --> 00:14:33,413
as explorers from America,
Norway, and Britain
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00:14:33,455 --> 00:14:36,913
raced first to the North
and then the South Pole.
139
00:14:40,295 --> 00:14:45,460
In 1912, Captain Scott,
the legendary British adventurer,
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00:14:45,500 --> 00:14:49,436
died in the attempt
to be the first to the South Pole.
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00:14:49,471 --> 00:14:52,838
Mallory was among those
inspired by the tragedy.
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00:14:54,309 --> 00:14:56,971
Britain is at the waning
of the empire at this time.
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00:14:57,012 --> 00:14:59,810
It is looking for ways
to reinvigorate itself.
144
00:14:59,848 --> 00:15:05,081
So attention inevitably turns
to Everest as the final possibility -
145
00:15:05,320 --> 00:15:06,685
The Third Pole.
146
00:15:09,858 --> 00:15:14,693
Surveyors had calculated that Everest
was the highest mountain in the world.
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00:15:14,729 --> 00:15:18,426
But no Westerner had
ever been within 40 miles.
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Mallory became obsessed
by a mountain he'd never even seen.
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00:15:26,508 --> 00:15:29,739
(Mallory)
"Everest is the highest mountain
in the world.
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00:15:29,778 --> 00:15:33,373
No man has reached its summit.
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00:15:33,415 --> 00:15:38,512
"Its existence is a challenge
to man's desire to conquer the universe."
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00:15:46,895 --> 00:15:50,456
Mallory wasn't just
enthralled with Everest...
153
00:15:53,368 --> 00:15:57,805
He had also fallen in love
with 21-year-old Ruth Turner.
154
00:16:00,408 --> 00:16:03,809
Right from the start,
they wrote each other adoring letters.
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00:16:05,914 --> 00:16:07,677
"My darling,"
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00:16:07,716 --> 00:16:10,014
I'm longing for you.
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00:16:10,051 --> 00:16:13,612
I would kiss your lips
and look into your eyes
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00:16:13,655 --> 00:16:18,058
and you, you,
you all near me and with me,
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00:16:18,093 --> 00:16:22,393
"strong and glorious
and loving and laughing."
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00:16:23,999 --> 00:16:27,059
(Ruth)
"I cannot find words
that would be sure
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00:16:27,102 --> 00:16:29,696
to convey what I feel about you.
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00:16:29,738 --> 00:16:32,104
What I really want
is to know you
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00:16:32,140 --> 00:16:35,632
and to love you more and more.
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00:16:35,677 --> 00:16:39,044
"Dearest and most beloved,
your loving Ruth."
165
00:16:40,582 --> 00:16:46,452
George and my grandmother Ruth
fell madly in love in 1914.
166
00:16:46,488 --> 00:16:47,921
They were both idealists,
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00:16:47,956 --> 00:16:51,517
really seeing kindred spirits
in each other.
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00:16:51,560 --> 00:16:56,930
They were married three days
before the start of World War I.
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00:16:59,968 --> 00:17:02,801
Mallory enlisted
and came face to face
170
00:17:02,837 --> 00:17:04,668
with death once more,
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00:17:04,706 --> 00:17:06,196
fighting in the Somme,
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00:17:06,441 --> 00:17:08,671
the bloodiest battle
known to man.
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00:17:12,881 --> 00:17:15,816
"There is no reckoning
with death here.
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00:17:15,850 --> 00:17:19,581
Life presents itself
very much to me as a gift."
175
00:17:21,122 --> 00:17:25,218
(Anker)
Mallory had witnessed
the mass slaughter of the first World War.
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00:17:25,460 --> 00:17:28,827
His fellow soldiers,
some of them six feet away,
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00:17:28,863 --> 00:17:31,229
killed by German shelling.
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00:17:31,466 --> 00:17:34,026
He knew how fragile life was.
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00:17:34,069 --> 00:17:37,971
And knowing this,
he wanted to live it to the fullest.
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00:17:38,006 --> 00:17:40,975
He wanted the ultimate challenge.
181
00:17:41,009 --> 00:17:44,604
And that, in the 20s,
was Mount Everest.
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00:17:47,649 --> 00:17:49,241
Once the war was over,
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00:17:49,484 --> 00:17:51,975
the Royal Geographical Society
in London
184
00:17:52,020 --> 00:17:55,649
planned the first-ever
expedition to Everest.
185
00:17:58,493 --> 00:18:02,190
They needed Mallory
for his supreme climbing skills;
186
00:18:02,230 --> 00:18:06,132
He needed their backing
to realize his obsession.
187
00:18:12,641 --> 00:18:17,044
When Mallory undertook
that first expedition in 1921,
188
00:18:17,078 --> 00:18:21,640
he had to approach Everest
through Tibet from the north.
189
00:18:21,683 --> 00:18:25,813
The Nepalese refused to allow
access to the easier south side
190
00:18:25,854 --> 00:18:30,223
used when Everest was first
officially climbed in 1953.
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00:18:32,060 --> 00:18:34,620
After an eight-week journey,
192
00:18:34,663 --> 00:18:37,063
Mallory finally set eyes
on the mountain
193
00:18:37,098 --> 00:18:39,191
that had haunted him for so long.
194
00:18:42,070 --> 00:18:47,633
"Like the wildest creation of a dream -
Everest!"
195
00:18:47,676 --> 00:18:50,076
A rugged giant...
196
00:18:50,111 --> 00:18:53,171
A prodigious white fang...
197
00:18:53,214 --> 00:18:56,650
A colossal rock plastered with snow.
198
00:18:56,685 --> 00:18:58,983
From the mountaineer's point of view,
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00:18:59,020 --> 00:19:02,251
"no more appalling sight
could be imagined."
200
00:19:03,958 --> 00:19:05,721
When he first saw Everest,
201
00:19:05,760 --> 00:19:08,923
he describes it
really almost as an adversary.
202
00:19:08,963 --> 00:19:12,660
It's very beautiful,
but also ugly or frightful,
203
00:19:12,701 --> 00:19:14,669
like an ogre.
204
00:19:19,708 --> 00:19:21,073
There were no maps.
205
00:19:21,109 --> 00:19:23,134
No one knew the terrain there.
206
00:19:23,178 --> 00:19:27,239
And this first trip, the trip of 1921,
207
00:19:27,282 --> 00:19:30,809
it was imperative
that the team find the route
208
00:19:30,852 --> 00:19:32,581
that would lead them
to the summit.
209
00:19:42,597 --> 00:19:45,088
For months, Mallory led the search,
210
00:19:45,133 --> 00:19:48,034
but the route
to the summit eluded him.
211
00:19:53,742 --> 00:19:57,974
Finally, late in August,
he found what he was looking for...
212
00:20:10,158 --> 00:20:13,719
An enormous glacial valley
that snaked for miles
213
00:20:13,762 --> 00:20:18,256
around the other giant peaks
towards the very foot of Everest.
214
00:20:30,645 --> 00:20:32,135
"My dearest Ruth,
215
00:20:32,180 --> 00:20:35,274
We have found our way
to the great mountain."
216
00:20:41,689 --> 00:20:47,423
At the end of the valley was a wall
of snow and ice 1,000 feet high.
217
00:20:47,662 --> 00:20:51,894
It led up to a crest
that Mallory named 'The North Col. '
218
00:20:58,206 --> 00:21:00,674
And then on to the top of the world.
219
00:21:05,079 --> 00:21:08,913
(Mallory)
"We have established
our way to the summit
220
00:21:08,950 --> 00:21:12,442
for anyone who cares to try
the highest adventure."
221
00:21:21,996 --> 00:21:25,454
But the heavy snow that comes
with the monsoon each summer
222
00:21:25,700 --> 00:21:28,464
quickly made climbing impossible.
223
00:21:28,703 --> 00:21:30,068
They had to head home.
224
00:21:36,110 --> 00:21:40,945
But within six months,
Mallory was back again...
225
00:21:40,982 --> 00:21:45,214
this time with film cameras,
to show Everest to the world.
226
00:21:50,758 --> 00:21:53,852
He climbed higher
than anyone else before him.
227
00:22:00,735 --> 00:22:02,100
But late in the season,
228
00:22:02,136 --> 00:22:06,095
as Mallory led porters up the mountain,
disaster struck.
229
00:22:08,443 --> 00:22:11,173
A great snowfall had come.
230
00:22:11,212 --> 00:22:15,842
They got to a delicate place
on this massive ice slope
231
00:22:15,884 --> 00:22:17,374
and triggered an avalanche.
232
00:22:36,170 --> 00:22:38,263
"My dearest Ruth,"
233
00:22:38,306 --> 00:22:41,207
Seven brave men killed...
234
00:22:41,242 --> 00:22:44,006
and I am to blame.
235
00:22:44,045 --> 00:22:46,343
It has happened forever
236
00:22:46,381 --> 00:22:49,441
"and I can do nothing
to make it good."
237
00:22:53,121 --> 00:22:56,557
After the avalanche,
when George returned to Europe,
238
00:22:56,791 --> 00:22:59,419
he really had no wish
to go back to Everest.
239
00:22:59,460 --> 00:23:01,428
He just wanted to get away
240
00:23:01,462 --> 00:23:03,293
from the deprivation
and the danger,
241
00:23:03,331 --> 00:23:05,162
and also the memories
of that avalanche.
242
00:23:12,240 --> 00:23:15,175
He had been away
for a very long period
243
00:23:15,209 --> 00:23:16,904
over two successive years.
244
00:23:16,945 --> 00:23:19,311
He wanted to get back
to his wife and his family.
245
00:23:25,019 --> 00:23:27,317
They had three children.
246
00:23:27,355 --> 00:23:31,451
My mother was the
second daughter of George Mallory.
247
00:23:31,492 --> 00:23:35,519
And at this point, I think,
he was really starting
248
00:23:35,563 --> 00:23:39,590
to think about wanting
to be home more,
249
00:23:39,834 --> 00:23:41,961
to be with Ruth more,
250
00:23:42,003 --> 00:23:46,064
and to address himself
to raising the kids.
251
00:23:51,512 --> 00:23:54,481
But a new expedition
was being planned...
252
00:23:57,385 --> 00:24:01,219
And Mallory desperately
wanted to be part of it -
253
00:24:01,255 --> 00:24:03,348
against Ruth's wishes.
254
00:24:04,459 --> 00:24:07,155
"I love you and you love me,"
255
00:24:07,195 --> 00:24:10,289
and that ought to be
happiness enough for a lifetime.
256
00:24:10,331 --> 00:24:12,356
But I do want you.
257
00:24:12,400 --> 00:24:15,164
We want to live together
all the time
258
00:24:15,203 --> 00:24:19,367
and share thoughts
and joys and sorrows.
259
00:24:19,407 --> 00:24:23,104
"And we can't apart
as we can together."
260
00:24:24,345 --> 00:24:28,372
"I am having a horrible time,
on a tightrope."
261
00:24:28,416 --> 00:24:30,577
It would be
an awful tug going away
262
00:24:30,618 --> 00:24:34,019
instead of settling down
here with Ruth.
263
00:24:34,055 --> 00:24:36,649
But it would look rather grim
to see others,
264
00:24:36,891 --> 00:24:39,519
"without me,
conquering the summit."
265
00:24:45,299 --> 00:24:47,927
Mallory clearly loved Ruth very dearly.
266
00:24:47,969 --> 00:24:52,065
She was his sweet, domestic,
beloved partner
267
00:24:52,106 --> 00:24:55,405
who represented all that was
appealing about home, family,
268
00:24:55,443 --> 00:24:58,037
the flatlands of Cambridge,
at sea level.
269
00:25:00,581 --> 00:25:03,482
But Everest represented
all that was exciting,
270
00:25:03,518 --> 00:25:05,611
adventurous, visionary, mystical.
271
00:25:08,122 --> 00:25:11,091
His personality was pulled
between those two poles.
272
00:25:19,333 --> 00:25:23,167
Early in 1923,
the crisis came to a head
273
00:25:23,204 --> 00:25:28,164
when Mallory sailed to America
to speak about his Everest adventures.
274
00:25:32,246 --> 00:25:36,307
He was the star turn at the
Explorers Club in New York.
275
00:25:37,952 --> 00:25:43,254
I can just imagine the audience
on the edge of their seats
276
00:25:43,291 --> 00:25:47,318
as Mallory told them
about the biting wind,
277
00:25:47,361 --> 00:25:52,321
the lack of appetite,
the fierce cold.
278
00:25:54,969 --> 00:25:58,063
A New York Times journalist
asked the question,
279
00:25:58,106 --> 00:26:01,269
"Why climb Everest?"
280
00:26:01,309 --> 00:26:04,278
Mallory gave his legendary reply...
281
00:26:07,248 --> 00:26:11,378
"Because it's there."
282
00:26:18,126 --> 00:26:22,495
Three words that have probably become
more famous than Mallory himself,
283
00:26:22,530 --> 00:26:26,626
suggests a sort of fatalism
bubbling away in Mallory.
284
00:26:26,667 --> 00:26:30,228
The mountain remains,
it's unclimbed,
285
00:26:30,271 --> 00:26:33,638
and so the quest remains.
286
00:26:33,674 --> 00:26:36,643
And he is the man
who is locked into
287
00:26:36,677 --> 00:26:39,441
this almost fairytale relationship
with the mountain.
288
00:26:39,480 --> 00:26:43,541
He's been twice and he must
go back for the third time.
289
00:26:49,290 --> 00:26:53,454
I think that the idea that someone else
would build on his progress
290
00:26:53,494 --> 00:26:57,555
and get to the summit on his shoulders
was quite difficult for him to accept.
291
00:26:57,598 --> 00:27:01,193
It was, after all, his route
and his mountain.
292
00:27:01,235 --> 00:27:05,171
It is actually a surprisingly selfish thing
for someone like Mallory to experience.
293
00:27:05,206 --> 00:27:09,267
But then mountaineers all do have this
kind of element of selfishness deep down.
294
00:27:16,050 --> 00:27:17,813
Aged 38,
295
00:27:18,052 --> 00:27:20,680
this was Mallory's last chance
to conquer the mountain.
296
00:27:39,140 --> 00:27:42,166
Conrad Anker
will follow Mallory's footsteps,
297
00:27:42,210 --> 00:27:44,576
leading his own expedition
to Everest
298
00:27:44,612 --> 00:27:46,170
and the Second Step.
299
00:27:50,751 --> 00:27:54,710
During his climb,
Conrad plans to test clothes and boots
300
00:27:54,755 --> 00:27:57,451
modeled on those he found
on Mallory's body.
301
00:28:02,263 --> 00:28:04,731
Using this replica clothing,
302
00:28:04,765 --> 00:28:07,325
I'm going to have this chance
to go back and see
303
00:28:07,368 --> 00:28:11,498
what it was like for Mallory
to try climbing Everest in 1924.
304
00:28:17,545 --> 00:28:20,207
But like Mallory,
Conrad is torn between
305
00:28:20,248 --> 00:28:23,240
his passion for Everest
and his love for his family.
306
00:28:24,652 --> 00:28:27,416
My family's
anxious about this trip.
307
00:28:27,455 --> 00:28:29,889
I'm going to Everest...
308
00:28:30,124 --> 00:28:32,388
It's a deadly mountain.
309
00:28:32,426 --> 00:28:33,893
What's it worth?
310
00:28:34,128 --> 00:28:36,494
Is it worth
leaving your kids behind?
311
00:28:36,530 --> 00:28:38,623
Why are you going
to this mountain?
312
00:28:38,666 --> 00:28:40,657
Are you going to be safe?
313
00:28:40,701 --> 00:28:42,896
You know I love you.
314
00:28:43,137 --> 00:28:44,764
And I can see there,
315
00:28:44,805 --> 00:28:47,706
as I was trying to rationalize it
to my wife and children
316
00:28:47,742 --> 00:28:50,905
that it's a safe thing
and it's a fine thing to go on Everest
317
00:28:51,145 --> 00:28:52,544
and it's a noble thing,
318
00:28:52,580 --> 00:28:56,539
that these were the same answers
Mallory had for Ruth.
319
00:28:58,152 --> 00:29:02,248
I know what it's like to be
the wife of a climber.
320
00:29:02,290 --> 00:29:04,417
And I know what it's like to be
321
00:29:04,458 --> 00:29:06,517
the wife of a climber
who doesn't come home.
322
00:29:09,297 --> 00:29:11,197
Jennifer was previously married
323
00:29:11,232 --> 00:29:15,328
to one of America's
finest mountaineers, Alex Lowe,
324
00:29:15,369 --> 00:29:18,532
Conrad's climbing partner
and closest friend.
325
00:29:21,309 --> 00:29:24,403
Just a few months
after finding Mallory's body,
326
00:29:24,445 --> 00:29:28,541
Conrad was climbing with Alex
when the mountains claimed another life.
327
00:29:30,318 --> 00:29:32,286
An avalanche struck Alex and I
328
00:29:32,320 --> 00:29:34,550
as we were climbing
in the Himalayas.
329
00:29:34,588 --> 00:29:38,422
He died and I was
three feet away from him.
330
00:29:41,462 --> 00:29:45,694
(Jennifer)
You could look at him
and tell that he was burdened
331
00:29:45,733 --> 00:29:49,430
with this world of guilt and grief,
332
00:29:49,470 --> 00:29:53,304
that somehow he could have
prevented Alex's death.
333
00:29:56,911 --> 00:29:59,311
In the aftermath of this tragedy,
334
00:29:59,347 --> 00:30:00,905
we communicated with each other
335
00:30:00,948 --> 00:30:04,907
and eventually
we grew to fall in love.
336
00:30:04,952 --> 00:30:07,978
It wasn't just Jennifer
that my love grew for,
337
00:30:08,222 --> 00:30:09,849
it was also the boys.
338
00:30:11,559 --> 00:30:15,325
Jennifer must really like climbers
to willingly bring me into her life
339
00:30:15,363 --> 00:30:17,854
and then marry
and have me adopt the boys,
340
00:30:17,898 --> 00:30:20,867
because she knows
it's downright dangerous work.
341
00:30:23,771 --> 00:30:26,934
Boys, look what I found downstairs.
342
00:30:26,974 --> 00:30:30,774
- Wow!
- Good God!
343
00:30:31,545 --> 00:30:33,274
Is this my Halloween costume
344
00:30:33,314 --> 00:30:35,680
or is this what
I'm going up Everest in?
345
00:30:35,716 --> 00:30:38,480
- You guys are laughing.
- You look like Inspector Gadget.
346
00:30:38,519 --> 00:30:40,009
You're supposed to take me serious.
347
00:30:40,254 --> 00:30:41,619
Mom can appreciate it.
348
00:30:41,655 --> 00:30:43,520
It's amazing to think of those guys
349
00:30:43,557 --> 00:30:46,287
going for the summit
in clothing like that.
350
00:30:48,396 --> 00:30:50,421
Would you climb Everest in that suit?
351
00:30:50,464 --> 00:30:52,796
- No.
- What would you wear?
352
00:30:52,833 --> 00:30:54,767
I wouldn't climb Everest.
353
00:31:13,354 --> 00:31:15,288
Before climbing Everest,
354
00:31:15,322 --> 00:31:18,917
Mallory had to choose
his climbing partner.
355
00:31:18,959 --> 00:31:23,794
Among the candidates was
a 21-year-old chemistry student,
356
00:31:23,831 --> 00:31:28,063
Andrew 'Sandy' Irvine -
a mountaineering novice.
357
00:31:31,338 --> 00:31:33,829
My great uncle Sandy Irvine
took life by the horns,
358
00:31:33,874 --> 00:31:36,468
and if there was an opportunity
that presented itself to him
359
00:31:36,510 --> 00:31:37,943
he would take it.
360
00:31:37,978 --> 00:31:40,412
He loved the theater,
he loved cars,
361
00:31:40,448 --> 00:31:42,313
and above all he loved women.
362
00:31:42,349 --> 00:31:44,681
And he had this
very indiscreet love affair
363
00:31:44,718 --> 00:31:47,687
with his
best friend's step-mother.
364
00:31:47,721 --> 00:31:50,417
It was a terrible scandal.
365
00:31:53,727 --> 00:31:58,096
But Sandy Irvine was first
and foremost an oarsman.
366
00:31:58,332 --> 00:32:01,324
And when he got to Oxford
he was selected to take part
367
00:32:01,368 --> 00:32:03,563
in the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race.
368
00:32:05,606 --> 00:32:09,508
The annual boat race was the most
prestigious sporting event of the day.
369
00:32:18,619 --> 00:32:20,109
(Summers) They were victorious.
370
00:32:20,354 --> 00:32:22,584
And what Mallory saw in Sandy
371
00:32:22,623 --> 00:32:25,854
was this extraordinary ability
that great oarsmen have,
372
00:32:25,893 --> 00:32:27,884
which is to row through pain,
373
00:32:27,928 --> 00:32:32,865
to push himself almost beyond
normal human limit.
374
00:32:34,902 --> 00:32:38,133
But there was another reason
for choosing Irvine.
375
00:32:38,372 --> 00:32:40,135
Mallory needed someone technical
376
00:32:40,374 --> 00:32:44,367
to master the oxygen equipment
vital at high altitude.
377
00:32:44,411 --> 00:32:47,642
And unlike Mallory,
Irvine was very practical.
378
00:32:48,916 --> 00:32:51,646
Sandy asked the
Mount Everest committee
379
00:32:51,685 --> 00:32:55,485
to send him a 1922 set,
plus the drawings.
380
00:32:55,523 --> 00:32:58,617
And he spent hours and hours
in his rooms in Oxford
381
00:32:58,659 --> 00:33:00,889
trying to make it serviceable,
382
00:33:00,928 --> 00:33:04,887
trying to make it lighter,
stronger and less fragile,
383
00:33:04,932 --> 00:33:09,028
so that the climbers could
use it with greater confidence.
384
00:33:09,069 --> 00:33:13,529
And so the fact that Sandy was
so practical with the apparatus,
385
00:33:13,574 --> 00:33:15,906
I think, made it quite clear
in Mallory's mind
386
00:33:15,943 --> 00:33:18,912
that he was a useful man
to have climbing with him.
387
00:33:27,821 --> 00:33:29,914
Conrad Anker has also chosen
388
00:33:29,957 --> 00:33:33,916
a young Englishman
as his climbing partner - Leo Houlding.
389
00:33:33,961 --> 00:33:38,091
Like Irvine, Leo is young,
strong, a natural athlete
390
00:33:38,132 --> 00:33:40,430
and has never climbed
at high altitude.
391
00:33:41,835 --> 00:33:44,065
The 90-feet high Second Step
392
00:33:44,104 --> 00:33:46,868
will be a dangerous venture
into the unknown.
393
00:33:52,446 --> 00:33:54,141
I'm definitely concerned
about the altitude
394
00:33:54,181 --> 00:33:55,808
and the acclimatization process,
395
00:33:55,849 --> 00:33:58,682
just because I've never
been high enough before
396
00:33:58,719 --> 00:34:00,209
to know whether, you know,
397
00:34:00,454 --> 00:34:03,218
I might be one of those people
that it doesn't gel with.
398
00:34:06,727 --> 00:34:08,558
I don't want to let Conrad down
399
00:34:08,596 --> 00:34:10,962
and I'm sure Irvine
felt some of that pressure.
400
00:34:51,905 --> 00:34:56,865
Leo's never been to altitude,
this unknown.
401
00:34:56,910 --> 00:35:01,279
And you can't walk into
a hospital and take a test
402
00:35:01,515 --> 00:35:04,882
that will come back and say,
oh, you'll do well at altitude.
403
00:35:04,918 --> 00:35:06,283
Some people do really well.
404
00:35:06,520 --> 00:35:08,147
But I've seen fit people
405
00:35:08,188 --> 00:35:10,884
doubled over
and with splitting headaches.
406
00:35:18,132 --> 00:35:21,761
Being invited to climb the highest
mountain in the world with Conrad,
407
00:35:21,802 --> 00:35:24,032
one of the best climbers
in his generation,
408
00:35:24,071 --> 00:35:25,971
is such a privilege.
409
00:35:26,006 --> 00:35:29,305
For Irvine, being invited
to climb with George Mallory,
410
00:35:29,543 --> 00:35:32,569
the best climber of his generation,
on the unclimbed Mount Everest -
411
00:35:32,613 --> 00:35:34,547
I just can't imagine
how he must have felt.
412
00:35:36,083 --> 00:35:40,645
"I am walking on metaphorical air."
413
00:35:40,688 --> 00:35:45,057
We shall go all out for the summit.
414
00:35:45,092 --> 00:35:49,791
If I have to die,
then there would be no finer death
415
00:35:49,830 --> 00:35:52,663
"than in an attempt to conquer Everest."
416
00:35:56,236 --> 00:36:01,799
On February 29, 1924,
Mallory set sail from Liverpool,
417
00:36:01,842 --> 00:36:04,333
after making Ruth
a solemn promise.
418
00:36:05,579 --> 00:36:08,343
As my grandfather
was leaving England
419
00:36:08,582 --> 00:36:10,345
and leaving my grandmother,
420
00:36:10,584 --> 00:36:14,714
he told her that he would leave
a photograph of her
421
00:36:14,755 --> 00:36:17,747
at the top of Mount Everest.
422
00:36:17,791 --> 00:36:21,693
And I think he was pretty confident
that he would get there
423
00:36:21,729 --> 00:36:24,630
and that he would
leave that photograph.
424
00:36:27,901 --> 00:36:30,131
With the eyes of the world upon them,
425
00:36:30,170 --> 00:36:34,129
Mallory and Irvine set out
on the three-week voyage for India.
426
00:36:47,955 --> 00:36:52,915
Late that March, their convoy
began its 350-mile trek.
427
00:37:09,943 --> 00:37:12,411
Five thousand miles apart,
428
00:37:12,646 --> 00:37:16,412
Mallory and Ruth
wrote to each other frequently.
429
00:37:16,650 --> 00:37:19,744
Couriers carried their letters
across the world,
430
00:37:19,787 --> 00:37:22,654
and after the months of tension
they had gone through,
431
00:37:22,689 --> 00:37:24,316
he and Ruth made up.
432
00:37:25,659 --> 00:37:29,026
"I do miss you a lot."
433
00:37:29,062 --> 00:37:33,692
I know I have rather often
been cross and not nice,
434
00:37:33,734 --> 00:37:35,895
and I am very sorry.
435
00:37:35,936 --> 00:37:39,030
I was unhappy
at getting so little of you.
436
00:37:39,072 --> 00:37:42,838
Very, very much love
to you, my dear one,
437
00:37:42,876 --> 00:37:44,673
"Your loving Ruth."
438
00:37:48,816 --> 00:37:50,681
"Dearest one,"
439
00:37:50,717 --> 00:37:54,050
We went through a difficult
time together in the autumn.
440
00:37:54,087 --> 00:37:57,318
Your letters bring you much nearer.
441
00:37:57,357 --> 00:37:59,917
"I wish I had you with me."
442
00:38:02,095 --> 00:38:05,929
We can think of the relationship
between Mallory, Everest and Ruth
443
00:38:05,966 --> 00:38:07,866
as a kind of love triangle.
444
00:38:07,901 --> 00:38:11,200
When he was at home with Ruth
he was dreaming of Everest.
445
00:38:11,238 --> 00:38:13,934
When he was away with
Everest he was dreaming of Ruth -
446
00:38:13,974 --> 00:38:17,466
until a certain point, until he got
sufficiently close to the mountain
447
00:38:17,711 --> 00:38:20,077
that it cast its spell over him.
448
00:38:36,864 --> 00:38:40,891
The convoy of 300 pack animals
and 70 porters
449
00:38:40,934 --> 00:38:43,266
journeyed through Tibet.
450
00:38:44,805 --> 00:38:49,242
Provisions included four cases
of Montebello Champagne
451
00:38:49,276 --> 00:38:52,245
and 60 tins of quail and foie gras.
452
00:38:55,315 --> 00:38:59,274
On April 25th, 17,000 feet up,
453
00:38:59,319 --> 00:39:02,379
they reached the last pass
before Everest -
454
00:39:02,422 --> 00:39:03,980
Pang La.
455
00:39:14,902 --> 00:39:16,199
The Pang-La is the pass
456
00:39:16,236 --> 00:39:19,296
where you get the first
stunning view of Everest, right?
457
00:39:19,339 --> 00:39:21,204
Yeah, and it's this vista.
458
00:39:21,241 --> 00:39:24,267
You've got five of the world's
highest peaks in one view.
459
00:39:39,359 --> 00:39:40,917
That's Everest.
460
00:39:45,065 --> 00:39:46,191
Wow.
461
00:39:53,006 --> 00:39:56,066
It's so much bigger
than all the other ones, isn't it?
462
00:39:56,109 --> 00:39:57,303
Yeah.
463
00:39:58,946 --> 00:40:02,438
It's really special that we haven't
had any sign of the mountain,
464
00:40:02,482 --> 00:40:04,450
and then you drive up
to this high pass
465
00:40:04,484 --> 00:40:07,976
and then she just
reveals herself in all her glory...
466
00:40:08,021 --> 00:40:10,387
you know, Chomolungma,
Mother Goddess of the Earth,
467
00:40:10,424 --> 00:40:12,051
the mountain we call Everest.
468
00:40:12,092 --> 00:40:13,582
Just... bang!
469
00:40:20,834 --> 00:40:25,328
This wonderful photograph,
taken on the 26th of April, 1924,
470
00:40:25,372 --> 00:40:27,101
is pretty amazing.
471
00:40:27,140 --> 00:40:31,099
See Everest there,
there's Mallory, Irvine,
472
00:40:31,144 --> 00:40:34,511
a couple of their Sherpas
they had with them and their pony.
473
00:40:36,249 --> 00:40:38,945
This is almost exactly
the same spot, right?
474
00:40:38,986 --> 00:40:40,146
Pretty close.
475
00:40:40,187 --> 00:40:42,621
And they spent three weeks
trekking on the plateau
476
00:40:42,856 --> 00:40:46,223
to get to this point,
to be able to see it.
477
00:40:46,259 --> 00:40:48,625
And they were on their feet,
they'd walked every day.
478
00:40:48,862 --> 00:40:51,854
I mean, you think for us
to get here we've been in a Jeep.
479
00:40:58,271 --> 00:41:01,138
On April 29th, Mallory and Irvine
480
00:41:01,174 --> 00:41:05,042
set up their center of operations -
Base Camp -
481
00:41:05,078 --> 00:41:06,909
12 miles from the summit.
482
00:41:22,229 --> 00:41:26,290
Like Mallory, Conrad will
rely heavily on Sherpa porters,
483
00:41:26,333 --> 00:41:29,131
accustomed to high altitude.
484
00:41:29,169 --> 00:41:32,263
But this is a still
a dangerous mountain.
485
00:41:32,305 --> 00:41:36,537
Over 200 people have died here -
among them, many Sherpas.
486
00:41:37,310 --> 00:41:39,403
Well, most important is safety.
487
00:41:39,446 --> 00:41:44,679
Ten fingers, ten toes,
one nose, all come back...
488
00:41:44,918 --> 00:41:47,546
- Two eyes!
- Yes, two eyes!
489
00:41:49,322 --> 00:41:52,553
And if you see something with us,
if we look sick,
490
00:41:52,592 --> 00:41:56,551
then you tell us and say,
"Go down!"
491
00:42:26,359 --> 00:42:28,452
Before one embarks
on an expedition,
492
00:42:28,495 --> 00:42:33,125
it's customary to have a puja,
which is a blessing ceremony.
493
00:42:33,166 --> 00:42:37,193
As Chomolungma is
Mother Goddess of the Earth,
494
00:42:37,237 --> 00:42:42,732
the mountain is a deity
for the Tibetans and the Sherpas.
495
00:42:42,976 --> 00:42:46,343
Safe passage depends
upon having a good puja.
496
00:43:11,204 --> 00:43:13,297
Ho!
497
00:43:18,011 --> 00:43:19,774
Good luck, everybody!
498
00:43:22,549 --> 00:43:23,777
Lots of luck.
499
00:43:32,559 --> 00:43:35,460
The Monks from the
ancient monastery nearby
500
00:43:35,495 --> 00:43:37,725
gave Mallory a very mixed welcome
501
00:43:37,764 --> 00:43:41,393
when he approached their
sacred mountain, Chomolungma.
502
00:43:56,316 --> 00:43:59,808
It was 83 years ago
on this day, May 15th,
503
00:44:00,053 --> 00:44:02,283
that Mallory
and his team came here
504
00:44:02,322 --> 00:44:04,449
for a blessing from the lama.
505
00:44:12,499 --> 00:44:16,060
The head lama welcomed
the strange white climbers,
506
00:44:16,102 --> 00:44:18,696
but it was an ominous encounter.
507
00:44:24,411 --> 00:44:26,208
Along with the blessing,
508
00:44:26,246 --> 00:44:30,580
the lama had a very stern warning
for the expedition.
509
00:44:30,617 --> 00:44:32,847
He spoke of disaster to come,
510
00:44:33,086 --> 00:44:35,384
prophesying that
the mountain's demons
511
00:44:35,422 --> 00:44:38,516
would delight in forcing
the climbers off Everest.
512
00:44:41,628 --> 00:44:44,722
The monks had even
created an illustration,
513
00:44:44,764 --> 00:44:46,732
a very gruesome one,
514
00:44:46,766 --> 00:44:50,202
of the Gods disemboweling
a western man
515
00:44:50,237 --> 00:44:52,330
and pitching him into hell.
516
00:44:54,507 --> 00:44:56,873
It must have been
a terrifying moment for Mallory.
517
00:44:57,110 --> 00:44:59,476
He was not a superstitious man,
but I think it would have been
518
00:44:59,512 --> 00:45:03,744
hard to be in that landscape
at that time on the third expedition
519
00:45:04,452 --> 00:45:07,080
And not feel the atmosphere
to be saturated
520
00:45:07,122 --> 00:45:11,218
with signs and portent
and hints and forebodings.
521
00:45:17,465 --> 00:45:19,296
Despite the bad omens,
522
00:45:19,334 --> 00:45:23,168
Mallory hoped that this time
he'd summit the mountain.
523
00:45:25,073 --> 00:45:26,938
The weather was good.
524
00:45:26,975 --> 00:45:30,103
He planned to reach
the top of Everest by mid-May,
525
00:45:30,145 --> 00:45:32,841
to beat the snows
that came with the monsoon.
526
00:45:46,161 --> 00:45:51,326
On May 2, 1924, the giant convoy
of climbers and porters
527
00:45:51,366 --> 00:45:53,926
made its way out of Base Camp.
528
00:46:05,113 --> 00:46:07,081
"My dearest Ruth,
529
00:46:07,115 --> 00:46:12,485
The thought of you will be present
in the most important decisions...
530
00:46:12,520 --> 00:46:15,250
I am eager for
the great events to begin."
531
00:46:19,995 --> 00:46:24,227
(Anker)
Mallory realized that
the way to attack Everest
532
00:46:24,265 --> 00:46:29,362
was a series of camps,
almost militaristic in style.
533
00:46:29,404 --> 00:46:33,101
You go some way up,
then come back down,
534
00:46:33,141 --> 00:46:36,975
recuperate,
and then move back up.
535
00:46:37,012 --> 00:46:39,242
It's how you acclimatize.
536
00:46:39,280 --> 00:46:41,248
He pioneered this technique,
537
00:46:41,282 --> 00:46:45,309
and it's the one
we still use on Everest today.
538
00:47:06,041 --> 00:47:08,532
Conrad and Leo
follow Mallory's route
539
00:47:08,576 --> 00:47:12,672
through a forest
of ice pinnacles, up to Camp 3.
540
00:47:28,596 --> 00:47:33,499
You definitely can't cheat or hide
from altitude and acclimatization.
541
00:47:33,535 --> 00:47:35,696
It just makes everything
really hard work.
542
00:47:38,473 --> 00:47:40,703
- This is it, Leo.
- Finally.
543
00:47:40,942 --> 00:47:43,172
Camp 3 for 1924.
544
00:47:46,948 --> 00:47:52,614
At Camp 3, altitude really begins
to show its nasty side effects.
545
00:47:52,654 --> 00:47:57,318
With each breath you're getting
fewer molecules of oxygen in.
546
00:47:57,358 --> 00:47:58,518
It's insidious.
547
00:47:58,560 --> 00:48:00,391
You lose your appetite,
548
00:48:00,428 --> 00:48:02,453
you have splitting headaches,
549
00:48:02,497 --> 00:48:07,332
you have a difficult time
just doing the simplest of tasks.
550
00:48:07,368 --> 00:48:12,533
And yet 9,000 feet above you,
the summit of Everest,
551
00:48:12,574 --> 00:48:14,064
and it's calling you.
552
00:48:27,655 --> 00:48:30,351
Somewhere above their Camp 2,
553
00:48:30,391 --> 00:48:35,419
Mallory and Irvine experienced
their first bout of bad weather.
554
00:48:35,463 --> 00:48:38,364
A storm came in,
the temperatures plummeted,
555
00:48:38,399 --> 00:48:41,493
and Mallory realized
it wasn't going to be
556
00:48:41,536 --> 00:48:43,766
easy street up to
the summit of Everest.
557
00:48:46,441 --> 00:48:48,500
"My dearest girl,
558
00:48:48,543 --> 00:48:54,641
I was acting as a lone horse
and arrived first in Camp 3.
559
00:48:54,682 --> 00:49:00,712
The glacier is everywhere
beneath the stones...
560
00:49:00,755 --> 00:49:04,589
My boots were frozen
hard on my feet.
561
00:49:04,626 --> 00:49:10,292
I was a good deal depressed
by the situation...
562
00:49:10,331 --> 00:49:13,061
I love you always, dear one."
563
00:49:17,238 --> 00:49:18,398
Shall we try it on?
564
00:49:18,439 --> 00:49:22,603
Yeah, I'm pretty keen
to see how this stuff works.
565
00:49:22,644 --> 00:49:24,043
Check this out.
566
00:49:28,049 --> 00:49:30,415
Can you imagine
climbing up with these things?
567
00:49:30,451 --> 00:49:31,748
They're something else.
568
00:49:33,454 --> 00:49:36,048
So I've got every layer on here.
569
00:49:36,090 --> 00:49:38,149
Mallory and Irvine
had seven layers on
570
00:49:38,193 --> 00:49:40,559
when they went for
the summit in '24.
571
00:49:40,595 --> 00:49:44,292
But the big difference
is here, in the footwear.
572
00:49:44,332 --> 00:49:48,166
I tell you, the rest of this outfit
seems pretty good.
573
00:49:48,203 --> 00:49:51,104
But compared to the boots
that we wear these days,
574
00:49:51,139 --> 00:49:54,597
these things look decidedly,
you know, inappropriate.
575
00:49:59,814 --> 00:50:03,716
Wearing hobnailed boot
and gabardine jackets,
576
00:50:03,751 --> 00:50:06,311
Conrad and Leo
venture onto the mountain.
577
00:50:09,490 --> 00:50:12,254
We were right near the spot
578
00:50:12,293 --> 00:50:17,356
where seven of Mallory's porters
lost their lives in the avalanche.
579
00:50:17,398 --> 00:50:19,866
But as in 1924,
580
00:50:20,101 --> 00:50:24,333
we were just bound together
by a thin cotton rope.
581
00:50:32,513 --> 00:50:34,504
Using Mallory's technique,
582
00:50:34,549 --> 00:50:37,643
Conrad cuts steps
into the steep ice slope.
583
00:50:41,656 --> 00:50:43,487
This is real mountain terrain.
584
00:50:43,524 --> 00:50:44,684
I mean, if you lose your footing
585
00:50:44,726 --> 00:50:47,217
you'll fall down 1,000 feet
to the base of it.
586
00:50:47,262 --> 00:50:49,287
And we need to
start being careful now,
587
00:50:49,330 --> 00:50:52,629
there's crevasses,
there's danger of avalanche.
588
00:50:54,702 --> 00:50:56,897
When you stand
on the edge of a crevasse,
589
00:50:57,138 --> 00:51:00,232
you just see this slot
disappearing down into the glacier,
590
00:51:00,275 --> 00:51:01,902
hundreds of feet deep.
591
00:51:02,143 --> 00:51:04,771
But the dangerous ones
are the ones that you can't see.
592
00:51:04,812 --> 00:51:07,679
You can be walking across
a snow bridge just a few feet thick
593
00:51:07,715 --> 00:51:10,684
and fall through it to certain death.
594
00:51:11,419 --> 00:51:14,388
- Yikes, she's deep, isn't she?
- Yeah.
595
00:51:18,493 --> 00:51:20,324
I'm right at the bridge!
596
00:51:21,162 --> 00:51:22,390
Ten feet of rope!
597
00:51:23,698 --> 00:51:25,393
Be careful, my friend.
598
00:51:41,749 --> 00:51:46,209
It's phenomenal that they
were able to get to 28,000 feet
599
00:51:46,254 --> 00:51:49,348
in what I would basically call
600
00:51:49,390 --> 00:51:52,359
clothing you'd walk through the forest.
601
00:51:56,331 --> 00:51:57,958
Good job, Leo.
602
00:51:58,199 --> 00:52:00,565
No... Good job Conrad.
603
00:52:03,471 --> 00:52:04,836
Ohhh...
604
00:52:04,872 --> 00:52:06,567
I'm knackered!
605
00:52:12,613 --> 00:52:17,573
In 1924, Mallory's team were
pinned down by weather so severe
606
00:52:17,618 --> 00:52:20,314
Sandy Irvine feared for his life.
607
00:52:21,522 --> 00:52:23,717
"May 10th...
608
00:52:23,758 --> 00:52:27,489
Had a terrible night
with wind and snow.
609
00:52:27,528 --> 00:52:30,463
I don't know how
the tent stood it.
610
00:52:30,498 --> 00:52:32,329
Very little sleep,
611
00:52:32,367 --> 00:52:36,861
and about two inches of snow
over everything in the tent.
612
00:52:36,904 --> 00:52:39,338
Awful headache this morning."
613
00:52:41,376 --> 00:52:44,607
Irvine was suffering
from altitude sickness.
614
00:52:44,645 --> 00:52:49,878
His role as Mallory's
climbing partner was now in doubt.
615
00:52:49,917 --> 00:52:54,752
The harsh conditions forced the
entire team back down to Base Camp.
616
00:52:57,792 --> 00:52:59,419
When they arrived there
617
00:52:59,460 --> 00:53:02,759
they found that two
of the staff were dead.
618
00:53:02,797 --> 00:53:05,027
Instead of preparing
for a summit bid
619
00:53:05,266 --> 00:53:07,029
they were burying people
in Base Camp.
620
00:53:07,268 --> 00:53:10,897
It must have been quite strange
for Irvine to come to terms with that.
621
00:53:13,608 --> 00:53:17,271
"One of our NCOs
suddenly got paralysis,
622
00:53:17,311 --> 00:53:21,907
probably due to a clot on the brain
from frostbitten fingers.
623
00:53:21,949 --> 00:53:26,318
The poor fellow died
within half a mile of Base Camp."
624
00:53:29,290 --> 00:53:33,056
Meanwhile, Mallory planned
another dangerous summit bid.
625
00:53:35,897 --> 00:53:39,389
But he allowed no sign
of the team's suffering to show
626
00:53:39,434 --> 00:53:41,994
in a letter to his eldest daughter, Clare.
627
00:53:44,639 --> 00:53:45,833
"My darling,
628
00:53:45,873 --> 00:53:49,809
There is not much wind today,
so it is nice and warm.
629
00:53:49,844 --> 00:53:52,608
Now tea has come
and for the first time
630
00:53:52,647 --> 00:53:56,549
since I don't know when, cake.
631
00:53:56,584 --> 00:54:00,418
Shall we have a little tea party together
one day in August,
632
00:54:00,455 --> 00:54:05,825
with a flat, warm squidgy cake
and nothing else?
633
00:54:05,860 --> 00:54:08,090
Haven't you got a greedy Daddy!
634
00:54:14,602 --> 00:54:16,968
It was already mid-May.
635
00:54:17,004 --> 00:54:19,438
And soon, the snows would come.
636
00:54:20,741 --> 00:54:24,108
The monsoon arrives
early June every year.
637
00:54:24,345 --> 00:54:26,370
It releases a tremendous
amount of snow.
638
00:54:27,348 --> 00:54:28,975
Climbing is impossible.
639
00:54:46,634 --> 00:54:50,764
We had the same challenge
as Mallory in 1924.
640
00:54:50,805 --> 00:54:53,467
We were there late in the season.
641
00:54:53,508 --> 00:54:56,602
If we didn't get up the mountain
before the monsoon hit
642
00:54:56,644 --> 00:54:58,908
we'd be in very serious trouble.
643
00:55:06,821 --> 00:55:09,483
Over 22,000 feet up,
644
00:55:09,524 --> 00:55:12,960
Conrad and Leo start
the ascent of Everest itself.
645
00:55:17,965 --> 00:55:21,901
They are on one of the most
treacherous parts of the mountain -
646
00:55:21,936 --> 00:55:26,771
the giant wall of ice and snow
that leads up to the North Col,
647
00:55:26,807 --> 00:55:28,638
the launchpad to the summit.
648
00:55:57,838 --> 00:56:02,138
Despite all the modern equipment,
the altitude hits Leo hard.
649
00:56:03,978 --> 00:56:06,674
This is the first time
I've ever been to this altitude,
650
00:56:06,714 --> 00:56:12,209
and you move so desperately slowly,
it's unreal, you just can't believe.
651
00:56:12,453 --> 00:56:14,683
You take two steps
and you're completely out of breath,
652
00:56:14,722 --> 00:56:16,849
and I'm sure it's going to
get worse as we get up.
653
00:56:34,642 --> 00:56:37,577
With hobnailed boots
and no guide-ropes,
654
00:56:37,612 --> 00:56:40,604
Mallory led the assault
on the North Col,
655
00:56:40,648 --> 00:56:45,051
cutting steps into what he called
'its great battlements of ice. '
656
00:56:47,622 --> 00:56:50,250
"The North Col was a triumph.
657
00:56:50,491 --> 00:56:55,485
I enjoyed the conquest of
the ice wall and making the steps.
658
00:56:55,529 --> 00:56:58,896
Afterwards I was
practically bust to the world."
659
00:57:00,768 --> 00:57:02,736
Looking back down the valley,
660
00:57:02,770 --> 00:57:07,605
he was already higher than
the greatest peaks in Europe or America.
661
00:57:07,642 --> 00:57:11,510
But the summit was still
6,000 feet above.
662
00:57:22,690 --> 00:57:26,888
Here on the Col, Mallory set
up his bridgehead to Everest -
663
00:57:26,927 --> 00:57:29,623
Camp 4.
664
00:57:29,664 --> 00:57:33,156
He planned higher camps
further up the mountain.
665
00:57:33,200 --> 00:57:36,897
These would take him within
striking distance of the summit.
666
00:57:38,873 --> 00:57:42,536
Mallory had a cough
that wouldn't go away,
667
00:57:42,576 --> 00:57:46,034
Irvine was suffering from diarrhea,
668
00:57:46,080 --> 00:57:48,048
and the cold never left them.
669
00:57:53,688 --> 00:57:55,315
"My dearest Ruth,
670
00:57:55,556 --> 00:57:56,989
I couldn't sleep,
671
00:57:57,024 --> 00:58:01,654
distressed with bursts of coughing
fit to tear one's guts.
672
00:58:01,696 --> 00:58:04,665
Fierce squalls visited our tents
and shook them
673
00:58:04,699 --> 00:58:08,931
with the disagreeable threat of tearing
them away from their moorings.
674
00:58:08,969 --> 00:58:12,803
There was never a more
determined and bitter enemy."
675
00:58:18,579 --> 00:58:20,342
Twenty-three thousand feet up,
676
00:58:20,581 --> 00:58:24,244
Conrad and Leo test out
Mallory's gear one last time.
677
00:58:25,853 --> 00:58:30,586
Suddenly, temperatures plummet
to 20 below freezing.
678
00:58:30,624 --> 00:58:32,353
They're in severe danger of frostbite.
679
00:58:43,204 --> 00:58:44,967
Thank you, Mingma.
680
00:58:45,005 --> 00:58:45,903
No problem.
681
00:58:54,215 --> 00:58:57,981
I can't imagine going to
8,500 meters in these boots.
682
00:59:00,287 --> 00:59:02,380
Which is my theory,
683
00:59:02,623 --> 00:59:06,992
that if those guys
were moving they were okay...
684
00:59:07,027 --> 00:59:09,996
but once they stopped moving
the clock was ticking,
685
00:59:10,030 --> 00:59:12,658
and it was a different game altogether.
686
00:59:18,639 --> 00:59:20,266
My toes are freezing.
687
00:59:25,646 --> 00:59:30,413
In '22, Mallory frostbit one of his fingers...
688
00:59:30,651 --> 00:59:33,916
And he commented that it
was bad but not that bad.
689
00:59:33,954 --> 00:59:38,755
And then as a note aside he said,
690
00:59:38,793 --> 00:59:42,923
"I wouldn't mind if
I lost a finger for this summit."
691
00:59:44,331 --> 00:59:46,663
And if I was in his shoes
I probably would have thought
692
00:59:46,700 --> 00:59:52,036
the same thing because it
was the golden age of exploration.
693
00:59:57,678 --> 00:59:59,043
Ahh, that's it.
694
00:59:59,079 --> 01:00:00,444
Come on, my beauties.
695
01:00:03,818 --> 01:00:05,786
Oh, God.
696
01:00:11,826 --> 01:00:14,192
Bad weather blocks Conrad's path
697
01:00:14,228 --> 01:00:17,061
and the monsoon snows
are imminent.
698
01:00:17,097 --> 01:00:21,932
He and Leo risk being trapped
high on Everest, beyond rescue.
699
01:00:24,705 --> 01:00:27,469
It was a stressful moment.
700
01:00:27,708 --> 01:00:28,800
What are we doing?
701
01:00:28,843 --> 01:00:31,073
We're climbing
into the second week of June,
702
01:00:31,111 --> 01:00:33,238
the monsoon's on our ass.
703
01:00:33,280 --> 01:00:36,943
I get on the phone to Jennifer,
and I say to her,
704
01:00:36,984 --> 01:00:41,080
it's not worth what I'm putting you
and the family through,
705
01:00:41,121 --> 01:00:42,884
and I'm ready to come home.
706
01:00:44,992 --> 01:00:47,483
The window was closing;
I knew the monsoon was coming.
707
01:00:47,728 --> 01:00:51,220
I was looking at the satellite
imagery of the weather.
708
01:00:51,265 --> 01:00:52,732
I said, Conrad, you know what?
709
01:00:52,766 --> 01:00:54,495
I'm looking at the computer screen
710
01:00:54,735 --> 01:00:57,135
and I'm seeing this
giant wall of weather -
711
01:00:57,171 --> 01:00:59,162
and it's the monsoon.
712
01:00:59,206 --> 01:01:01,106
And I just said, Conrad,
713
01:01:01,141 --> 01:01:05,976
you need to be confident
that you can make it.
714
01:01:06,013 --> 01:01:09,505
But if you have a chance
to climb the Second Step,
715
01:01:09,750 --> 01:01:11,183
I want you to go for it.
716
01:01:16,757 --> 01:01:18,247
"My dear one,
717
01:01:18,292 --> 01:01:20,522
What is happening to you?
718
01:01:20,761 --> 01:01:22,854
I wonder so much.
719
01:01:22,897 --> 01:01:26,333
Are you happy
and are you well?
720
01:01:26,367 --> 01:01:30,326
All the immortal love
my soul has is with you...
721
01:01:30,371 --> 01:01:32,134
Ruth."
722
01:01:34,775 --> 01:01:37,209
Early in June, 1924,
723
01:01:37,244 --> 01:01:41,010
two of Mallory's team,
Norton and Somervell,
724
01:01:41,048 --> 01:01:46,816
pushed on up the mountain,
but Everest forced them back.
725
01:01:46,854 --> 01:01:50,551
Snow-blind, Norton had
to be carried down.
726
01:01:50,791 --> 01:01:53,316
Somervell almost choked to death
727
01:01:53,360 --> 01:01:56,352
before coughing up
part of his frostbitten larynx.
728
01:01:58,933 --> 01:02:02,027
Clearly, it was time to go home.
729
01:02:02,069 --> 01:02:05,436
They were weak with exhaustion...
730
01:02:05,472 --> 01:02:08,805
The monsoon was due...
731
01:02:08,842 --> 01:02:10,935
But Mallory refused to give in.
732
01:02:13,347 --> 01:02:15,372
"My dear girl,
733
01:02:15,416 --> 01:02:19,443
This has been
a bad time altogether...
734
01:02:19,486 --> 01:02:23,047
Perhaps it's mere folly
to go up again.
735
01:02:23,090 --> 01:02:26,582
But how can I be out of the hunt?
736
01:02:26,827 --> 01:02:31,264
Six days to the top
from this camp.
737
01:02:31,298 --> 01:02:35,064
It's 50 to 1 against,
but we'll have a whack yet
738
01:02:35,102 --> 01:02:38,196
and do ourselves proud.
739
01:02:38,238 --> 01:02:39,466
Great love to you,
740
01:02:39,506 --> 01:02:41,872
ever your loving George."
741
01:02:58,258 --> 01:03:01,352
The big question
is why George Mallory
742
01:03:01,395 --> 01:03:03,420
thought it was worth
one more shot.
743
01:03:03,464 --> 01:03:06,900
I think the way to reconcile
the overriding conflict in his life,
744
01:03:06,934 --> 01:03:09,300
was actually to climb the mountain
and be done with it
745
01:03:09,336 --> 01:03:12,032
and go home to Ruth
and say I've done it,
746
01:03:12,072 --> 01:03:15,041
it's over, now we can get on
with the rest of our lives.
747
01:03:16,276 --> 01:03:20,235
He knew that this was it.
748
01:03:20,280 --> 01:03:22,646
He couldn't
come back again later
749
01:03:22,883 --> 01:03:25,113
if he didn't get to the top.
750
01:03:25,152 --> 01:03:29,646
It would be impossible
to put Ruth through that again.
751
01:03:31,892 --> 01:03:34,656
"I must tell you, dearest one,
752
01:03:34,895 --> 01:03:39,332
I feel full of energy and strength.
753
01:03:39,366 --> 01:03:42,392
My plan will be to carry
as little as possible,
754
01:03:42,436 --> 01:03:45,064
go fast, and rush the summit."
755
01:03:54,948 --> 01:04:00,545
Mallory now needed oxygen
and Irvine more than ever.
756
01:04:00,587 --> 01:04:03,055
He wanted his partner,
757
01:04:03,090 --> 01:04:06,082
now over the worst
of his altitude sickness,
758
01:04:06,126 --> 01:04:09,425
to apply his technical skills
to the final assault.
759
01:04:11,498 --> 01:04:14,934
"Irvine has been brilliantly
skillful about the oxygen.
760
01:04:14,968 --> 01:04:18,165
He has practically
invented a new instrument."
761
01:04:21,608 --> 01:04:23,473
"Fifth of June...
762
01:04:23,510 --> 01:04:27,571
It will be a great triumph
if my impromptu apparatus
763
01:04:27,614 --> 01:04:30,310
gets us to the top.
764
01:04:30,350 --> 01:04:33,080
It has been
very trying for everyone
765
01:04:33,120 --> 01:04:36,988
with terribly strong
reflection off the snow.
766
01:04:37,024 --> 01:04:39,515
I've prepared
two oxygen apparatus
767
01:04:39,560 --> 01:04:42,358
for our start tomorrow morning."
768
01:04:45,499 --> 01:04:48,957
These are the last words
written by Sandy Irvine.
769
01:04:51,371 --> 01:04:52,736
He would have gone
770
01:04:52,973 --> 01:04:55,066
wherever Mallory would have
wanted him to go,
771
01:04:55,109 --> 01:04:58,203
and I'm quite sure
that he had every intention
772
01:04:58,245 --> 01:04:59,735
of coming back from the mountain
773
01:04:59,980 --> 01:05:02,380
with both feet, both legs,
both arms intact.
774
01:05:02,416 --> 01:05:06,011
I don't think
he even entertained, truly entertained,
775
01:05:06,053 --> 01:05:07,748
the idea that he would die.
776
01:05:07,988 --> 01:05:10,479
I think he believed that
he was indestructible.
777
01:05:14,394 --> 01:05:16,089
Early on June the 6th,
778
01:05:16,130 --> 01:05:20,294
support climber Noel Odell
photographed Mallory and Irvine
779
01:05:20,334 --> 01:05:23,098
as they set out from the North Col.
780
01:05:28,008 --> 01:05:31,239
(Odell)
"Who could hold back
when such a victory,
781
01:05:31,278 --> 01:05:36,580
such a triumph of human endeavor
was within their grasp."
782
01:05:40,020 --> 01:05:44,719
(Mallory)
"One must conquer, achieve,
get to the top...
783
01:05:44,758 --> 01:05:49,593
to know there's no dream
that mustn't be dared."
784
01:05:59,039 --> 01:06:01,166
There's nothing on top
of Mount Everest.
785
01:06:01,208 --> 01:06:04,143
There's not a pot of gold.
786
01:06:04,178 --> 01:06:07,272
Well, why are we doing this?
787
01:06:07,314 --> 01:06:09,145
You want the glory.
788
01:06:09,183 --> 01:06:13,279
You want that feeling
of standing on top of the world.
789
01:06:17,057 --> 01:06:21,756
Gambling on beating the monsoon,
Conrad makes his choice -
790
01:06:21,795 --> 01:06:24,593
to follow Mallory
up to the Second Step.
791
01:06:27,334 --> 01:06:31,430
We're starting our summit bid
and it's the 10th of June.
792
01:06:31,471 --> 01:06:33,098
I think the 5th of June
793
01:06:33,140 --> 01:06:36,303
is the latest anyone's
ever climbed pre-monsoon.
794
01:06:36,343 --> 01:06:38,834
The clouds in the background
are an indication
795
01:06:39,079 --> 01:06:40,444
of the monsoon rolling in,
796
01:06:40,480 --> 01:06:44,348
so we're gonna play it by ear,
one day at a time,
797
01:06:44,384 --> 01:06:47,444
but this is our window.
798
01:07:13,814 --> 01:07:16,339
It's just ridiculously tiring,
799
01:07:16,383 --> 01:07:19,352
like it feels like
someone's taking the Michael...
800
01:07:19,386 --> 01:07:22,651
You take one step
and your head's in your hands.
801
01:07:51,485 --> 01:07:53,680
That is unreal, isn't it?
802
01:07:53,720 --> 01:07:56,245
It's like an out-of-body experience.
803
01:08:08,769 --> 01:08:11,863
On June the 7th,
cameraman John Noel
804
01:08:11,905 --> 01:08:15,671
filmed the last images
of Mallory and Irvine.
805
01:08:19,513 --> 01:08:23,677
They were two miles above him
with their porters,
806
01:08:23,717 --> 01:08:25,708
climbing into the death zone,
807
01:08:25,752 --> 01:08:27,549
where the lack of oxygen
808
01:08:27,587 --> 01:08:29,817
makes it impossible
to function for long.
809
01:08:32,626 --> 01:08:35,959
In the death zone,
above 26,000 feet,
810
01:08:36,196 --> 01:08:41,964
the body enters into
what is known as necrosis...
811
01:08:42,202 --> 01:08:43,965
One is dying.
812
01:08:48,275 --> 01:08:51,574
Humans weren't meant
to survive at this altitude,
813
01:08:51,611 --> 01:08:53,511
and you're on borrowed time.
814
01:08:58,785 --> 01:09:03,245
As they enter the death zone,
Conrad and Leo use oxygen,
815
01:09:03,290 --> 01:09:05,588
like Mallory and Irvine before them.
816
01:09:16,236 --> 01:09:17,464
I was just thinking,
817
01:09:17,504 --> 01:09:20,473
oh, the death zone -
this place isn't that bad.
818
01:09:20,507 --> 01:09:23,670
All of a sudden
the first of the dead bodies
819
01:09:23,710 --> 01:09:29,478
that we encountered
appeared right by the path.
820
01:09:29,516 --> 01:09:31,006
And it was a real...
821
01:09:31,251 --> 01:09:34,015
Where else do you
walk past a dead body?
822
01:09:34,254 --> 01:09:35,482
Unless you're in a war zone
823
01:09:35,522 --> 01:09:37,649
you're never going to
witness anything like that.
824
01:09:37,691 --> 01:09:39,488
It's such an extreme environment
up there
825
01:09:39,526 --> 01:09:41,619
that no one can
do anything about it,
826
01:09:41,661 --> 01:09:43,356
they can't bring them down.
827
01:09:50,570 --> 01:09:54,666
High in the death zone,
some 2,000 feet below the summit,
828
01:09:54,708 --> 01:09:58,405
Mallory and Irvine
pitched their last camp.
829
01:10:01,281 --> 01:10:03,909
Here Mallory wrote
to cameraman John Noel,
830
01:10:03,950 --> 01:10:07,784
who was waiting further down
to film the moment of triumph.
831
01:10:09,689 --> 01:10:10,815
"Dear Noel,
832
01:10:10,857 --> 01:10:14,657
We'll probably start early tomorrow
to have clear weather.
833
01:10:14,694 --> 01:10:16,662
Start looking out for us
834
01:10:16,696 --> 01:10:19,529
either crossing the rock band
under the pyramid
835
01:10:19,566 --> 01:10:22,399
or going up the skyline at 8 p.m."
836
01:10:24,337 --> 01:10:26,965
(Anker)
Clearly he meant to say 8 a.m.
837
01:10:31,878 --> 01:10:33,072
He was tired.
838
01:10:33,313 --> 01:10:35,577
He had been
on expedition for three months
839
01:10:35,615 --> 01:10:38,846
and now over three days
in the death zone.
840
01:10:58,872 --> 01:11:01,568
We knew the monsoon
was imminent.
841
01:11:01,608 --> 01:11:05,840
We only had a 12-hour window...
842
01:11:05,879 --> 01:11:08,712
We had to strike
while the iron was hot.
843
01:11:09,883 --> 01:11:12,647
You're so nervous
that I woke up
844
01:11:12,686 --> 01:11:15,849
before the alarm
and turned our headlamps on,
845
01:11:15,889 --> 01:11:18,119
got all the
layering systems set up.
846
01:11:18,358 --> 01:11:21,350
When you step out of the tent
it was a bit like a starting gate.
847
01:11:21,394 --> 01:11:22,759
I was ready to go.
848
01:11:23,363 --> 01:11:25,524
Leo was so excited,
849
01:11:25,565 --> 01:11:27,999
he had that boost
of summit energy.
850
01:11:28,034 --> 01:11:30,628
It's probably similar
to what Mallory and Irvine had
851
01:11:30,670 --> 01:11:32,729
on their summit day
852
01:11:32,772 --> 01:11:35,002
when they were there
within striking distance
853
01:11:35,041 --> 01:11:36,941
of the first ascent of Everest.
854
01:11:53,793 --> 01:11:57,889
Imagine the morning
of June 8, 1924...
855
01:11:59,933 --> 01:12:03,892
They're cold,
they've had a restless night of sleep.
856
01:12:06,139 --> 01:12:09,768
Compound this with
a lack of appetite,
857
01:12:09,809 --> 01:12:13,575
severe dehydration.
858
01:12:13,613 --> 01:12:15,638
Their bodies are wasted.
859
01:12:15,682 --> 01:12:18,651
Their mental faculties
are compromised.
860
01:12:18,685 --> 01:12:22,177
Simple things
become monumental chores.
861
01:12:38,438 --> 01:12:40,565
Twenty-eight thousand feet
is at the limit
862
01:12:40,607 --> 01:12:43,440
of what is humanly possible.
863
01:12:43,476 --> 01:12:48,937
Even with supplemental oxygen,
it's very, very desperate.
864
01:12:48,982 --> 01:12:52,213
And above them is a route
that no one has ever been on.
865
01:12:52,452 --> 01:12:53,817
And when you're the first,
866
01:12:53,853 --> 01:12:56,481
overcoming this sense
of the unknown
867
01:12:56,523 --> 01:12:58,548
is one of
the greatest challenges.
868
01:13:08,602 --> 01:13:10,229
Think about it:
869
01:13:10,470 --> 01:13:13,962
The anxiety, the fear, trepidation,
870
01:13:14,007 --> 01:13:17,465
combined with the exhilaration.
871
01:13:17,510 --> 01:13:21,844
All those things stirring around
872
01:13:21,881 --> 01:13:26,716
and held fast
by pain and suffering.
873
01:13:36,062 --> 01:13:39,725
Mallory and Irvine
climbed the North Face,
874
01:13:39,766 --> 01:13:41,734
up towards the summit ridge,
875
01:13:41,768 --> 01:13:43,998
where the Second Step
blocked their path.
876
01:13:49,109 --> 01:13:53,011
We got to the ridge
just on schedule, right after dawn.
877
01:13:56,950 --> 01:13:58,884
Absolutely wonderful.
878
01:14:31,551 --> 01:14:35,817
At 12:50 on June 8, 1924,
879
01:14:35,855 --> 01:14:40,189
support climber Noel Odell
sighted Mallory and Irvine
880
01:14:40,226 --> 01:14:42,091
through a gap in the clouds.
881
01:14:45,565 --> 01:14:49,968
"My eyes became fixed
on a tiny black dot,
882
01:14:50,003 --> 01:14:54,201
a short distance from the base
of the final pyramid.
883
01:14:54,240 --> 01:14:56,800
Another moved up to join it.
884
01:14:56,843 --> 01:15:01,678
They were moving expeditiously,
as if to make up for lost time.
885
01:15:01,715 --> 01:15:06,345
Then the whole
fascinating vision vanished,
886
01:15:06,586 --> 01:15:09,248
enveloped in a cloud."
887
01:15:14,994 --> 01:15:17,588
Mallory and Irvine were missing.
888
01:15:19,866 --> 01:15:22,835
(Odell)
"No trace can be found...
889
01:15:22,869 --> 01:15:24,700
Awaiting orders."
890
01:15:27,006 --> 01:15:30,169
Instead of capturing
their victorious ascent,
891
01:15:30,210 --> 01:15:34,772
cameraman John Noel
had to film the search for them.
892
01:15:38,818 --> 01:15:43,380
Days later, blankets laid out
as a cross in the snow
893
01:15:43,623 --> 01:15:47,252
signaled the devastating news.
894
01:15:47,293 --> 01:15:51,753
Mallory and Irvine were lost,
presumed dead.
895
01:16:07,714 --> 01:16:12,742
Mrs Mallory,
Herschel House, Cambridge...
896
01:16:12,786 --> 01:16:17,280
Committee deeply regret
receive bad news.
897
01:16:17,323 --> 01:16:21,282
Everest expedition today...
898
01:16:21,327 --> 01:16:23,295
Your husband killed...
899
01:16:23,329 --> 01:16:25,194
Last climb.
900
01:16:25,231 --> 01:16:28,758
Committee offer you and family
heartfelt sympathy.
901
01:16:33,206 --> 01:16:36,039
Ruth received
the news one evening.
902
01:16:36,075 --> 01:16:38,669
She decided not
to tell her children that night
903
01:16:38,711 --> 01:16:40,178
because they'd already gone to bed.
904
01:16:40,213 --> 01:16:42,113
She actually went to bed herself
905
01:16:42,148 --> 01:16:44,048
and slept with
that terrible knowledge,
906
01:16:44,083 --> 01:16:47,917
then in morning woke them up
and took them into her bed,
907
01:16:47,954 --> 01:16:50,320
and told them this terrible news.
908
01:16:52,091 --> 01:16:56,824
(Ruth)
"George's spirit
was ready for another life,
909
01:16:56,863 --> 01:17:01,323
and his way of going to it
was very beautiful.
910
01:17:01,367 --> 01:17:05,269
I know so absolutely
he could not have failed
911
01:17:05,305 --> 01:17:09,264
in courage or self-sacrifice.
912
01:17:09,309 --> 01:17:12,938
If only it hadn't happened.
913
01:17:12,979 --> 01:17:15,072
It so easily might not have."
914
01:17:19,786 --> 01:17:25,884
The golden age of exploration
had ended in tragedy.
915
01:17:25,925 --> 01:17:30,157
The fallen hero was
mourned by King and country.
916
01:17:33,733 --> 01:17:36,258
It must have been
an extraordinary day,
917
01:17:36,302 --> 01:17:40,898
the bells ringing out
around Britain in mourning...
918
01:17:40,940 --> 01:17:44,501
And then
a memorial service in St Paul's,
919
01:17:44,744 --> 01:17:47,508
the mourners packing the pews
920
01:17:47,747 --> 01:17:49,840
and speeches given
in Mallory's honor.
921
01:17:55,421 --> 01:18:00,757
Mallory, the man,
soon became Mallory, the legend.
922
01:18:00,793 --> 01:18:07,289
Many people were convinced
he had reached the top of Everest.
923
01:18:07,333 --> 01:18:13,067
But to summit, he would first have had
to free-climb the Second Step.
924
01:18:15,375 --> 01:18:21,280
On June 14th our expedition
reached the Second Step -
925
01:18:21,314 --> 01:18:27,275
this formidable rock face that
stood between Mallory and the summit.
926
01:18:29,822 --> 01:18:33,189
The Sherpas cleared the fixed-ropes
and hauled the ladder away,
927
01:18:33,226 --> 01:18:37,287
restoring the Second Step
to what it was like in 1924.
928
01:18:43,236 --> 01:18:50,574
Goal is today, pull the ladders up
and climb it free -
929
01:18:50,810 --> 01:18:53,370
that is without the assistance
of the Chinese ladder.
930
01:19:21,107 --> 01:19:22,836
This whole time on the expedition
931
01:19:22,875 --> 01:19:26,606
I knew it was going to
come down to this half hour,
932
01:19:26,846 --> 01:19:31,078
on a cliff band at 28,300 feet.
933
01:19:31,117 --> 01:19:34,245
Could I do it in the form
that Mallory and Irvine
934
01:19:34,287 --> 01:19:37,085
would have encountered it,
free of any ladder,
935
01:19:37,123 --> 01:19:42,083
free of any rope,
free of any indication of man?
936
01:19:42,128 --> 01:19:45,097
You have the whole
North Face of Mount Everest
937
01:19:45,131 --> 01:19:48,225
all the way down to the
central Rongbuk glacier below you.
938
01:19:50,269 --> 01:19:52,999
Seven, eight-thousand feet of exposure.
939
01:19:53,039 --> 01:19:55,098
God, what am I doing?
940
01:20:09,022 --> 01:20:10,649
Just like Mallory and Irvine,
941
01:20:10,890 --> 01:20:13,120
Leo and I were tied together.
942
01:20:15,428 --> 01:20:17,259
It's the brotherhood of the rope.
943
01:20:33,179 --> 01:20:35,409
Imagine this...
944
01:20:35,448 --> 01:20:41,148
June 8, 1924.
945
01:21:18,024 --> 01:21:19,048
Whoa!
946
01:21:30,236 --> 01:21:31,726
You okay?
947
01:21:31,971 --> 01:21:33,370
Yeah...
948
01:21:33,406 --> 01:21:34,600
Man!
949
01:21:34,640 --> 01:21:37,200
What happened?
950
01:21:37,243 --> 01:21:38,540
Bad step.
951
01:21:41,380 --> 01:21:43,974
Had I not caught myself,
952
01:21:44,016 --> 01:21:47,076
there's a good chance
I could have fallen over the edge,
953
01:21:47,120 --> 01:21:49,281
pulled Leo off of the mountain
954
01:21:49,322 --> 01:21:53,088
and fallen 7,000 feet
to the central Rongbuk glacier.
955
01:21:55,128 --> 01:21:56,755
I think it shook him up somewhat
956
01:21:56,996 --> 01:21:59,226
and he ended up
spending quite a long time
957
01:21:59,265 --> 01:22:02,496
figuring out what to do next,
recomposing himself.
958
01:22:02,535 --> 01:22:04,560
I mean, I'd say at least 20 minutes.
959
01:22:05,538 --> 01:22:08,098
Want to stand on my shoulders?
960
01:22:09,408 --> 01:22:11,376
I'm going to give it another go.
961
01:22:15,214 --> 01:22:20,174
My job was to...
climb the Second Step.
962
01:22:20,219 --> 01:22:24,121
I knew that I had to
try it from a different angle.
963
01:23:40,633 --> 01:23:42,225
Okay...
964
01:23:42,268 --> 01:23:43,496
High step...
965
01:24:13,266 --> 01:24:15,257
I think I got it, Leo.
966
01:24:15,301 --> 01:24:16,632
I think I got it...
967
01:24:23,342 --> 01:24:24,775
Aaaahhh!
968
01:24:57,243 --> 01:25:00,701
After eight years
of keeping me awake at night
969
01:25:00,746 --> 01:25:06,946
and being the 90 feet of climbing
that I had to get done...
970
01:25:07,186 --> 01:25:08,744
I got the Second Step.
971
01:25:20,333 --> 01:25:21,561
I can't breathe.
972
01:25:25,371 --> 01:25:29,740
I realized that my toes
had gone completely numb.
973
01:25:29,775 --> 01:25:32,335
My biggest fear
through this whole experience
974
01:25:32,378 --> 01:25:35,870
has been getting frostbite
in my toes.
975
01:25:35,915 --> 01:25:39,248
I was just concerned about
getting to the top of the Second Step
976
01:25:39,285 --> 01:25:40,912
as quickly as I possibly could.
977
01:25:49,228 --> 01:25:52,391
(Anker)
I thought about Mallory.
978
01:25:52,431 --> 01:25:54,922
Our ascent of the Second Step
979
01:25:54,967 --> 01:25:59,597
opens up the possibility
that they could have pulled it off.
980
01:26:03,509 --> 01:26:06,000
Earlier I was under the impression
that the Second Step
981
01:26:06,245 --> 01:26:09,612
was an impossibility
for climbers of that time.
982
01:26:09,648 --> 01:26:12,481
Now I'm changed on that.
983
01:26:12,518 --> 01:26:15,885
They definitely were
capable of doing it.
984
01:26:18,257 --> 01:26:22,660
The Second Step is not too much
of an obstacle for them to overcome.
985
01:26:47,453 --> 01:26:50,047
They were determined,
986
01:26:50,289 --> 01:26:54,555
and if they were strong
and they were moving quickly,
987
01:26:54,593 --> 01:26:56,959
there's a chance
they made it to the top.
988
01:26:59,999 --> 01:27:02,058
"Dear one,
989
01:27:02,301 --> 01:27:06,670
I will be thinking of you
as you set off for the summit.
990
01:27:06,705 --> 01:27:10,072
I know you can achieve
your wildest dream."
991
01:27:29,328 --> 01:27:32,422
(Irvine)
"If we get within
200 yards or so
992
01:27:32,465 --> 01:27:34,592
of the top of Everest,
993
01:27:34,633 --> 01:27:38,694
we shall go...
994
01:27:38,737 --> 01:27:42,969
And if it's a one-way ticket,
so be it."
995
01:28:35,928 --> 01:28:39,659
Eight years after I found
the body of George Mallory,
996
01:28:39,698 --> 01:28:42,496
the circle is complete.
997
01:28:47,806 --> 01:28:51,503
A few hours before
the monsoon closed in,
998
01:28:51,544 --> 01:28:54,911
Leo and I summitted Mount Everest.
999
01:28:58,717 --> 01:29:03,120
And we have shown
that these could have been
1000
01:29:03,155 --> 01:29:06,682
Mallory and Irvine's final footsteps.
1001
01:29:17,970 --> 01:29:23,203
"Is this the summit crowning the day?
1002
01:29:23,442 --> 01:29:28,072
How cool and how quiet...
1003
01:29:28,113 --> 01:29:33,983
Have we vanquished an enemy?
1004
01:29:34,019 --> 01:29:36,544
None but ourselves?"
82185
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