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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:01:01,611 --> 00:01:04,705 Mount Everest... 2 00:01:04,747 --> 00:01:08,239 Twenty-nine thousand feet... 3 00:01:08,484 --> 00:01:13,979 The highest point on Earth... 4 00:01:14,023 --> 00:01:16,184 Captivating and deadly. 5 00:01:17,893 --> 00:01:20,760 In the 1920s, to conquer this mountain 6 00:01:20,796 --> 00:01:25,130 was the greatest challenge remaining in a golden age of adventure. 7 00:01:28,571 --> 00:01:31,734 Everest was the edge of heaven, 8 00:01:31,774 --> 00:01:35,608 where many believed no human could survive. 9 00:01:37,780 --> 00:01:40,078 But not George Mallory. 10 00:02:03,072 --> 00:02:09,238 (Mallory) "Everest is the last great conquest for man... 11 00:02:09,278 --> 00:02:11,906 The Wildest Dream." 12 00:02:26,562 --> 00:02:30,862 George Mallory dreamed of being the first man to climb Everest. 13 00:02:30,900 --> 00:02:34,131 On June 8, 1924, 14 00:02:34,170 --> 00:02:37,606 dressed in gabardine and hobnailed boots, 15 00:02:37,640 --> 00:02:40,575 he and his fellow climber, Sandy Irvine, 16 00:02:40,609 --> 00:02:43,942 were last seen 800 feet below the summit. 17 00:02:47,850 --> 00:02:51,342 Then the clouds rolled in... 18 00:02:51,587 --> 00:02:53,953 They were never seen alive again. 19 00:02:57,026 --> 00:03:03,090 Many believed that almost 30 years before Everest was officially conquered, 20 00:03:03,132 --> 00:03:07,899 George Mallory was the first man to set foot on the top of the world. 21 00:03:33,162 --> 00:03:37,030 Seventy-five years after Mallory and Irvine vanished, 22 00:03:37,066 --> 00:03:40,866 mountaineer Conrad Anker took part in an expedition 23 00:03:40,903 --> 00:03:43,872 looking for their bodies high on Everest. 24 00:03:46,642 --> 00:03:48,303 (radio communication) Conrad, come in please. 25 00:03:49,912 --> 00:03:53,143 I'm down at 26,7 - over. 26 00:03:54,650 --> 00:03:56,277 Anker struck off on his own. 27 00:03:57,653 --> 00:03:59,746 Conrad, you're way below the search zone. 28 00:03:59,789 --> 00:04:01,086 You need to be higher - over. 29 00:04:02,658 --> 00:04:04,285 (Conrad Anker) I was curious. 30 00:04:04,326 --> 00:04:07,659 I stopped, turned around... 31 00:04:07,696 --> 00:04:10,893 and there was a patch of white. 32 00:04:10,933 --> 00:04:14,164 It wasn't snow; it was matte - 33 00:04:14,203 --> 00:04:19,436 a light-absorbing color, like marble. 34 00:04:31,220 --> 00:04:37,181 As I got closer, I realized this was the body 35 00:04:37,226 --> 00:04:39,820 of one of the pioneering English climbers, 36 00:04:39,862 --> 00:04:42,194 frozen onto the mountainside. 37 00:04:47,703 --> 00:04:50,194 For a moment I thought... 38 00:04:50,239 --> 00:04:54,938 maybe I can just keep walking and keep it to myself. 39 00:04:59,715 --> 00:05:03,344 But then, that's what we were there for. 40 00:05:08,390 --> 00:05:11,086 (radio) Group Meeting. 41 00:05:11,126 --> 00:05:14,095 Mandatory group meeting - over. 42 00:05:38,354 --> 00:05:41,118 Here, wait! This is George Mallory! 43 00:05:42,091 --> 00:05:44,992 Oh, my God! Oh, my God! 44 00:05:45,895 --> 00:05:48,261 You see that? George Mallory. 45 00:05:48,297 --> 00:05:50,128 Oh, my God! 46 00:06:08,050 --> 00:06:09,540 George Mallory and I - 47 00:06:09,785 --> 00:06:15,417 our two paths have intersected 75 years apart. 48 00:06:21,330 --> 00:06:28,361 My aunt called me and said in a rather small voice on the phone: 49 00:06:28,404 --> 00:06:33,808 "Suzie, they've found my father's body on Mount Everest." 50 00:06:33,842 --> 00:06:35,901 I was amazed, 51 00:06:35,945 --> 00:06:37,572 I was absolutely shocked. 52 00:06:39,081 --> 00:06:42,073 It was very powerful to know 53 00:06:42,117 --> 00:06:47,054 where my grandfather was and how he died. 54 00:06:50,125 --> 00:06:54,585 (Anker) He had a compound fracture of his right leg, above the ankle - 55 00:06:54,830 --> 00:06:57,458 fatal on Everest. 56 00:06:57,499 --> 00:07:01,060 His arms were outstretched as if he had tried 57 00:07:01,103 --> 00:07:03,936 to dig his fingers into the side of the mountain. 58 00:07:06,842 --> 00:07:09,333 He was last seen up on the ridge, 59 00:07:09,378 --> 00:07:12,074 heading west for the summit. 60 00:07:12,114 --> 00:07:15,083 But I found him far to the east. 61 00:07:15,117 --> 00:07:17,415 So Mallory was on his way back, 62 00:07:17,453 --> 00:07:20,616 maybe returning from the summit itself. 63 00:07:31,133 --> 00:07:34,967 His sun goggles, vital against the glare from the snow, 64 00:07:35,004 --> 00:07:36,631 were in his pocket. 65 00:07:36,872 --> 00:07:39,102 So it must have been getting dark. 66 00:07:45,214 --> 00:07:49,514 He and Irvine were tied together by a thin cotton rope. 67 00:07:58,327 --> 00:08:03,663 They were tired, absolutely beat, no energy left, 68 00:08:03,899 --> 00:08:05,924 minds not functioning clearly. 69 00:08:46,475 --> 00:08:50,172 Mallory crossed his left leg over the broken one 70 00:08:50,212 --> 00:08:52,305 to ease the pain. 71 00:08:54,349 --> 00:08:57,045 It was a matter of minutes, 72 00:08:57,086 --> 00:09:00,055 a half hour at the very most, 73 00:09:00,089 --> 00:09:02,182 before he died. 74 00:09:14,503 --> 00:09:16,733 Did Mallory reach the summit 75 00:09:16,972 --> 00:09:21,102 almost three decades before the first official climb? 76 00:09:25,981 --> 00:09:30,475 We discovered many things on his body... 77 00:09:30,519 --> 00:09:36,219 Documents and letters perfectly preserved 75 years later. 78 00:09:36,258 --> 00:09:41,491 His wristwatch, rusted in at 10 after 5. 79 00:09:41,530 --> 00:09:45,762 The goggles that were inside of his vest. 80 00:09:46,001 --> 00:09:50,529 An altimeter - the face broken and the hands missing. 81 00:09:52,341 --> 00:09:55,572 But one very significant item was missing: 82 00:09:55,611 --> 00:09:58,239 The photo of his wife Ruth, 83 00:09:58,280 --> 00:10:00,510 which he'd promised to leave on the summit. 84 00:10:03,352 --> 00:10:04,785 Was the photo missing 85 00:10:05,020 --> 00:10:08,251 because Mallory had reached the summit and placed it there - 86 00:10:08,290 --> 00:10:11,259 the ultimate tribute to his love of Ruth? 87 00:10:17,299 --> 00:10:21,065 He was last seen about 800 feet below the summit, 88 00:10:21,103 --> 00:10:24,402 near the notoriously difficult Second Step. 89 00:10:29,178 --> 00:10:32,670 If Mallory was able to make it to the summit in 1924, 90 00:10:32,714 --> 00:10:36,810 he and Irvine would have had to have climbed this overhanging cliff 91 00:10:37,052 --> 00:10:38,747 at about 28,000 feet. 92 00:10:41,323 --> 00:10:45,692 There's never been a confirmed free climb of the Second Step. 93 00:10:45,727 --> 00:10:47,422 Everyone who climbs it today 94 00:10:47,462 --> 00:10:50,158 uses a metal ladder bolted to the rock 95 00:10:50,199 --> 00:10:53,168 by Chinese climbers in 1975. 96 00:10:55,337 --> 00:10:57,567 I want to go back to Everest 97 00:10:57,606 --> 00:11:00,837 to try and climb the Second Step, 98 00:11:01,076 --> 00:11:04,477 under the very same conditions Mallory faced. 99 00:11:06,748 --> 00:11:11,708 It was a pure cliff when Mallory and Irvine approached it. 100 00:11:11,753 --> 00:11:13,846 No one had ever been there. 101 00:11:14,089 --> 00:11:17,752 It would have been an incredible feat of climbing 102 00:11:17,793 --> 00:11:19,852 if they had pulled that off. 103 00:11:26,235 --> 00:11:29,864 Adventure, risk... 104 00:11:30,105 --> 00:11:32,403 There are some people that thrive on it, 105 00:11:32,441 --> 00:11:33,874 that seek it out, 106 00:11:34,109 --> 00:11:36,509 they want to push their own limits. 107 00:11:40,115 --> 00:11:42,345 Mallory is one of those people. 108 00:11:50,125 --> 00:11:52,889 Mallory grew up in Cheshire, Northern England. 109 00:11:54,529 --> 00:11:59,262 He made his first fateful climb in Mobberley, his home village. 110 00:12:02,804 --> 00:12:06,365 Mallory's father was a vicar here at this church. 111 00:12:10,412 --> 00:12:13,438 And it was here that the young boy escaped 112 00:12:13,482 --> 00:12:19,387 and climbed to the top of the church - age seven. 113 00:12:19,421 --> 00:12:21,912 You can imagine that... 114 00:12:23,458 --> 00:12:28,919 Finding climbing, it's his true passion in life. 115 00:12:51,353 --> 00:12:53,821 (Susan Robertson) I actually think that some people who climb 116 00:12:53,855 --> 00:12:57,291 are wired a little differently from the rest of us. 117 00:12:57,326 --> 00:13:00,853 My grandfather really didn't feel fear of heights 118 00:13:00,896 --> 00:13:05,959 or precipices or anything like that. 119 00:13:06,201 --> 00:13:11,764 He had a way of climbing that was not quite like everyone else's. 120 00:13:11,807 --> 00:13:14,867 His arms and legs would just sort of eat up a mountain 121 00:13:14,910 --> 00:13:18,710 and he would start flowing over it like a wave. 122 00:13:23,618 --> 00:13:27,577 Aged 19, Mallory entered the University of Cambridge 123 00:13:27,622 --> 00:13:30,648 at a time of great cultural upheaval. 124 00:13:33,628 --> 00:13:36,495 When Mallory arrived in Cambridge in 1905 125 00:13:36,531 --> 00:13:39,989 he pitched into this ferment and bubble of ideas, 126 00:13:40,235 --> 00:13:44,865 excitement, intellectual, sexual, social, secret societies. 127 00:13:46,808 --> 00:13:50,005 He obviously possessed some remarkable charisma, 128 00:13:50,245 --> 00:13:53,339 sort of charmed presence that drew the eye, 129 00:13:53,382 --> 00:13:55,282 compelled the gaze. 130 00:13:59,254 --> 00:14:03,486 (Mallory) "My mind is in a state of constant rebellion. 131 00:14:03,525 --> 00:14:05,959 I believe that will always be so." 132 00:14:07,262 --> 00:14:10,891 He was a dreamer... 133 00:14:10,932 --> 00:14:16,370 And he was in Cambridge at a time of great and powerful dreaming. 134 00:14:16,405 --> 00:14:20,398 And eventually that dream took its form in the shape of Everest. 135 00:14:24,613 --> 00:14:27,912 This was the golden age of exploration. 136 00:14:27,949 --> 00:14:30,042 Mallory watched with the rest of the world 137 00:14:30,285 --> 00:14:33,413 as explorers from America, Norway, and Britain 138 00:14:33,455 --> 00:14:36,913 raced first to the North and then the South Pole. 139 00:14:40,295 --> 00:14:45,460 In 1912, Captain Scott, the legendary British adventurer, 140 00:14:45,500 --> 00:14:49,436 died in the attempt to be the first to the South Pole. 141 00:14:49,471 --> 00:14:52,838 Mallory was among those inspired by the tragedy. 142 00:14:54,309 --> 00:14:56,971 Britain is at the waning of the empire at this time. 143 00:14:57,012 --> 00:14:59,810 It is looking for ways to reinvigorate itself. 144 00:14:59,848 --> 00:15:05,081 So attention inevitably turns to Everest as the final possibility - 145 00:15:05,320 --> 00:15:06,685 The Third Pole. 146 00:15:09,858 --> 00:15:14,693 Surveyors had calculated that Everest was the highest mountain in the world. 147 00:15:14,729 --> 00:15:18,426 But no Westerner had ever been within 40 miles. 148 00:15:20,335 --> 00:15:24,465 Mallory became obsessed by a mountain he'd never even seen. 149 00:15:26,508 --> 00:15:29,739 (Mallory) "Everest is the highest mountain in the world. 150 00:15:29,778 --> 00:15:33,373 No man has reached its summit. 151 00:15:33,415 --> 00:15:38,512 "Its existence is a challenge to man's desire to conquer the universe." 152 00:15:46,895 --> 00:15:50,456 Mallory wasn't just enthralled with Everest... 153 00:15:53,368 --> 00:15:57,805 He had also fallen in love with 21-year-old Ruth Turner. 154 00:16:00,408 --> 00:16:03,809 Right from the start, they wrote each other adoring letters. 155 00:16:05,914 --> 00:16:07,677 "My darling," 156 00:16:07,716 --> 00:16:10,014 I'm longing for you. 157 00:16:10,051 --> 00:16:13,612 I would kiss your lips and look into your eyes 158 00:16:13,655 --> 00:16:18,058 and you, you, you all near me and with me, 159 00:16:18,093 --> 00:16:22,393 "strong and glorious and loving and laughing." 160 00:16:23,999 --> 00:16:27,059 (Ruth) "I cannot find words that would be sure 161 00:16:27,102 --> 00:16:29,696 to convey what I feel about you. 162 00:16:29,738 --> 00:16:32,104 What I really want is to know you 163 00:16:32,140 --> 00:16:35,632 and to love you more and more. 164 00:16:35,677 --> 00:16:39,044 "Dearest and most beloved, your loving Ruth." 165 00:16:40,582 --> 00:16:46,452 George and my grandmother Ruth fell madly in love in 1914. 166 00:16:46,488 --> 00:16:47,921 They were both idealists, 167 00:16:47,956 --> 00:16:51,517 really seeing kindred spirits in each other. 168 00:16:51,560 --> 00:16:56,930 They were married three days before the start of World War I. 169 00:16:59,968 --> 00:17:02,801 Mallory enlisted and came face to face 170 00:17:02,837 --> 00:17:04,668 with death once more, 171 00:17:04,706 --> 00:17:06,196 fighting in the Somme, 172 00:17:06,441 --> 00:17:08,671 the bloodiest battle known to man. 173 00:17:12,881 --> 00:17:15,816 "There is no reckoning with death here. 174 00:17:15,850 --> 00:17:19,581 Life presents itself very much to me as a gift." 175 00:17:21,122 --> 00:17:25,218 (Anker) Mallory had witnessed the mass slaughter of the first World War. 176 00:17:25,460 --> 00:17:28,827 His fellow soldiers, some of them six feet away, 177 00:17:28,863 --> 00:17:31,229 killed by German shelling. 178 00:17:31,466 --> 00:17:34,026 He knew how fragile life was. 179 00:17:34,069 --> 00:17:37,971 And knowing this, he wanted to live it to the fullest. 180 00:17:38,006 --> 00:17:40,975 He wanted the ultimate challenge. 181 00:17:41,009 --> 00:17:44,604 And that, in the 20s, was Mount Everest. 182 00:17:47,649 --> 00:17:49,241 Once the war was over, 183 00:17:49,484 --> 00:17:51,975 the Royal Geographical Society in London 184 00:17:52,020 --> 00:17:55,649 planned the first-ever expedition to Everest. 185 00:17:58,493 --> 00:18:02,190 They needed Mallory for his supreme climbing skills; 186 00:18:02,230 --> 00:18:06,132 He needed their backing to realize his obsession. 187 00:18:12,641 --> 00:18:17,044 When Mallory undertook that first expedition in 1921, 188 00:18:17,078 --> 00:18:21,640 he had to approach Everest through Tibet from the north. 189 00:18:21,683 --> 00:18:25,813 The Nepalese refused to allow access to the easier south side 190 00:18:25,854 --> 00:18:30,223 used when Everest was first officially climbed in 1953. 191 00:18:32,060 --> 00:18:34,620 After an eight-week journey, 192 00:18:34,663 --> 00:18:37,063 Mallory finally set eyes on the mountain 193 00:18:37,098 --> 00:18:39,191 that had haunted him for so long. 194 00:18:42,070 --> 00:18:47,633 "Like the wildest creation of a dream - Everest!" 195 00:18:47,676 --> 00:18:50,076 A rugged giant... 196 00:18:50,111 --> 00:18:53,171 A prodigious white fang... 197 00:18:53,214 --> 00:18:56,650 A colossal rock plastered with snow. 198 00:18:56,685 --> 00:18:58,983 From the mountaineer's point of view, 199 00:18:59,020 --> 00:19:02,251 "no more appalling sight could be imagined." 200 00:19:03,958 --> 00:19:05,721 When he first saw Everest, 201 00:19:05,760 --> 00:19:08,923 he describes it really almost as an adversary. 202 00:19:08,963 --> 00:19:12,660 It's very beautiful, but also ugly or frightful, 203 00:19:12,701 --> 00:19:14,669 like an ogre. 204 00:19:19,708 --> 00:19:21,073 There were no maps. 205 00:19:21,109 --> 00:19:23,134 No one knew the terrain there. 206 00:19:23,178 --> 00:19:27,239 And this first trip, the trip of 1921, 207 00:19:27,282 --> 00:19:30,809 it was imperative that the team find the route 208 00:19:30,852 --> 00:19:32,581 that would lead them to the summit. 209 00:19:42,597 --> 00:19:45,088 For months, Mallory led the search, 210 00:19:45,133 --> 00:19:48,034 but the route to the summit eluded him. 211 00:19:53,742 --> 00:19:57,974 Finally, late in August, he found what he was looking for... 212 00:20:10,158 --> 00:20:13,719 An enormous glacial valley that snaked for miles 213 00:20:13,762 --> 00:20:18,256 around the other giant peaks towards the very foot of Everest. 214 00:20:30,645 --> 00:20:32,135 "My dearest Ruth, 215 00:20:32,180 --> 00:20:35,274 We have found our way to the great mountain." 216 00:20:41,689 --> 00:20:47,423 At the end of the valley was a wall of snow and ice 1,000 feet high. 217 00:20:47,662 --> 00:20:51,894 It led up to a crest that Mallory named 'The North Col. ' 218 00:20:58,206 --> 00:21:00,674 And then on to the top of the world. 219 00:21:05,079 --> 00:21:08,913 (Mallory) "We have established our way to the summit 220 00:21:08,950 --> 00:21:12,442 for anyone who cares to try the highest adventure." 221 00:21:21,996 --> 00:21:25,454 But the heavy snow that comes with the monsoon each summer 222 00:21:25,700 --> 00:21:28,464 quickly made climbing impossible. 223 00:21:28,703 --> 00:21:30,068 They had to head home. 224 00:21:36,110 --> 00:21:40,945 But within six months, Mallory was back again... 225 00:21:40,982 --> 00:21:45,214 this time with film cameras, to show Everest to the world. 226 00:21:50,758 --> 00:21:53,852 He climbed higher than anyone else before him. 227 00:22:00,735 --> 00:22:02,100 But late in the season, 228 00:22:02,136 --> 00:22:06,095 as Mallory led porters up the mountain, disaster struck. 229 00:22:08,443 --> 00:22:11,173 A great snowfall had come. 230 00:22:11,212 --> 00:22:15,842 They got to a delicate place on this massive ice slope 231 00:22:15,884 --> 00:22:17,374 and triggered an avalanche. 232 00:22:36,170 --> 00:22:38,263 "My dearest Ruth," 233 00:22:38,306 --> 00:22:41,207 Seven brave men killed... 234 00:22:41,242 --> 00:22:44,006 and I am to blame. 235 00:22:44,045 --> 00:22:46,343 It has happened forever 236 00:22:46,381 --> 00:22:49,441 "and I can do nothing to make it good." 237 00:22:53,121 --> 00:22:56,557 After the avalanche, when George returned to Europe, 238 00:22:56,791 --> 00:22:59,419 he really had no wish to go back to Everest. 239 00:22:59,460 --> 00:23:01,428 He just wanted to get away 240 00:23:01,462 --> 00:23:03,293 from the deprivation and the danger, 241 00:23:03,331 --> 00:23:05,162 and also the memories of that avalanche. 242 00:23:12,240 --> 00:23:15,175 He had been away for a very long period 243 00:23:15,209 --> 00:23:16,904 over two successive years. 244 00:23:16,945 --> 00:23:19,311 He wanted to get back to his wife and his family. 245 00:23:25,019 --> 00:23:27,317 They had three children. 246 00:23:27,355 --> 00:23:31,451 My mother was the second daughter of George Mallory. 247 00:23:31,492 --> 00:23:35,519 And at this point, I think, he was really starting 248 00:23:35,563 --> 00:23:39,590 to think about wanting to be home more, 249 00:23:39,834 --> 00:23:41,961 to be with Ruth more, 250 00:23:42,003 --> 00:23:46,064 and to address himself to raising the kids. 251 00:23:51,512 --> 00:23:54,481 But a new expedition was being planned... 252 00:23:57,385 --> 00:24:01,219 And Mallory desperately wanted to be part of it - 253 00:24:01,255 --> 00:24:03,348 against Ruth's wishes. 254 00:24:04,459 --> 00:24:07,155 "I love you and you love me," 255 00:24:07,195 --> 00:24:10,289 and that ought to be happiness enough for a lifetime. 256 00:24:10,331 --> 00:24:12,356 But I do want you. 257 00:24:12,400 --> 00:24:15,164 We want to live together all the time 258 00:24:15,203 --> 00:24:19,367 and share thoughts and joys and sorrows. 259 00:24:19,407 --> 00:24:23,104 "And we can't apart as we can together." 260 00:24:24,345 --> 00:24:28,372 "I am having a horrible time, on a tightrope." 261 00:24:28,416 --> 00:24:30,577 It would be an awful tug going away 262 00:24:30,618 --> 00:24:34,019 instead of settling down here with Ruth. 263 00:24:34,055 --> 00:24:36,649 But it would look rather grim to see others, 264 00:24:36,891 --> 00:24:39,519 "without me, conquering the summit." 265 00:24:45,299 --> 00:24:47,927 Mallory clearly loved Ruth very dearly. 266 00:24:47,969 --> 00:24:52,065 She was his sweet, domestic, beloved partner 267 00:24:52,106 --> 00:24:55,405 who represented all that was appealing about home, family, 268 00:24:55,443 --> 00:24:58,037 the flatlands of Cambridge, at sea level. 269 00:25:00,581 --> 00:25:03,482 But Everest represented all that was exciting, 270 00:25:03,518 --> 00:25:05,611 adventurous, visionary, mystical. 271 00:25:08,122 --> 00:25:11,091 His personality was pulled between those two poles. 272 00:25:19,333 --> 00:25:23,167 Early in 1923, the crisis came to a head 273 00:25:23,204 --> 00:25:28,164 when Mallory sailed to America to speak about his Everest adventures. 274 00:25:32,246 --> 00:25:36,307 He was the star turn at the Explorers Club in New York. 275 00:25:37,952 --> 00:25:43,254 I can just imagine the audience on the edge of their seats 276 00:25:43,291 --> 00:25:47,318 as Mallory told them about the biting wind, 277 00:25:47,361 --> 00:25:52,321 the lack of appetite, the fierce cold. 278 00:25:54,969 --> 00:25:58,063 A New York Times journalist asked the question, 279 00:25:58,106 --> 00:26:01,269 "Why climb Everest?" 280 00:26:01,309 --> 00:26:04,278 Mallory gave his legendary reply... 281 00:26:07,248 --> 00:26:11,378 "Because it's there." 282 00:26:18,126 --> 00:26:22,495 Three words that have probably become more famous than Mallory himself, 283 00:26:22,530 --> 00:26:26,626 suggests a sort of fatalism bubbling away in Mallory. 284 00:26:26,667 --> 00:26:30,228 The mountain remains, it's unclimbed, 285 00:26:30,271 --> 00:26:33,638 and so the quest remains. 286 00:26:33,674 --> 00:26:36,643 And he is the man who is locked into 287 00:26:36,677 --> 00:26:39,441 this almost fairytale relationship with the mountain. 288 00:26:39,480 --> 00:26:43,541 He's been twice and he must go back for the third time. 289 00:26:49,290 --> 00:26:53,454 I think that the idea that someone else would build on his progress 290 00:26:53,494 --> 00:26:57,555 and get to the summit on his shoulders was quite difficult for him to accept. 291 00:26:57,598 --> 00:27:01,193 It was, after all, his route and his mountain. 292 00:27:01,235 --> 00:27:05,171 It is actually a surprisingly selfish thing for someone like Mallory to experience. 293 00:27:05,206 --> 00:27:09,267 But then mountaineers all do have this kind of element of selfishness deep down. 294 00:27:16,050 --> 00:27:17,813 Aged 38, 295 00:27:18,052 --> 00:27:20,680 this was Mallory's last chance to conquer the mountain. 296 00:27:39,140 --> 00:27:42,166 Conrad Anker will follow Mallory's footsteps, 297 00:27:42,210 --> 00:27:44,576 leading his own expedition to Everest 298 00:27:44,612 --> 00:27:46,170 and the Second Step. 299 00:27:50,751 --> 00:27:54,710 During his climb, Conrad plans to test clothes and boots 300 00:27:54,755 --> 00:27:57,451 modeled on those he found on Mallory's body. 301 00:28:02,263 --> 00:28:04,731 Using this replica clothing, 302 00:28:04,765 --> 00:28:07,325 I'm going to have this chance to go back and see 303 00:28:07,368 --> 00:28:11,498 what it was like for Mallory to try climbing Everest in 1924. 304 00:28:17,545 --> 00:28:20,207 But like Mallory, Conrad is torn between 305 00:28:20,248 --> 00:28:23,240 his passion for Everest and his love for his family. 306 00:28:24,652 --> 00:28:27,416 My family's anxious about this trip. 307 00:28:27,455 --> 00:28:29,889 I'm going to Everest... 308 00:28:30,124 --> 00:28:32,388 It's a deadly mountain. 309 00:28:32,426 --> 00:28:33,893 What's it worth? 310 00:28:34,128 --> 00:28:36,494 Is it worth leaving your kids behind? 311 00:28:36,530 --> 00:28:38,623 Why are you going to this mountain? 312 00:28:38,666 --> 00:28:40,657 Are you going to be safe? 313 00:28:40,701 --> 00:28:42,896 You know I love you. 314 00:28:43,137 --> 00:28:44,764 And I can see there, 315 00:28:44,805 --> 00:28:47,706 as I was trying to rationalize it to my wife and children 316 00:28:47,742 --> 00:28:50,905 that it's a safe thing and it's a fine thing to go on Everest 317 00:28:51,145 --> 00:28:52,544 and it's a noble thing, 318 00:28:52,580 --> 00:28:56,539 that these were the same answers Mallory had for Ruth. 319 00:28:58,152 --> 00:29:02,248 I know what it's like to be the wife of a climber. 320 00:29:02,290 --> 00:29:04,417 And I know what it's like to be 321 00:29:04,458 --> 00:29:06,517 the wife of a climber who doesn't come home. 322 00:29:09,297 --> 00:29:11,197 Jennifer was previously married 323 00:29:11,232 --> 00:29:15,328 to one of America's finest mountaineers, Alex Lowe, 324 00:29:15,369 --> 00:29:18,532 Conrad's climbing partner and closest friend. 325 00:29:21,309 --> 00:29:24,403 Just a few months after finding Mallory's body, 326 00:29:24,445 --> 00:29:28,541 Conrad was climbing with Alex when the mountains claimed another life. 327 00:29:30,318 --> 00:29:32,286 An avalanche struck Alex and I 328 00:29:32,320 --> 00:29:34,550 as we were climbing in the Himalayas. 329 00:29:34,588 --> 00:29:38,422 He died and I was three feet away from him. 330 00:29:41,462 --> 00:29:45,694 (Jennifer) You could look at him and tell that he was burdened 331 00:29:45,733 --> 00:29:49,430 with this world of guilt and grief, 332 00:29:49,470 --> 00:29:53,304 that somehow he could have prevented Alex's death. 333 00:29:56,911 --> 00:29:59,311 In the aftermath of this tragedy, 334 00:29:59,347 --> 00:30:00,905 we communicated with each other 335 00:30:00,948 --> 00:30:04,907 and eventually we grew to fall in love. 336 00:30:04,952 --> 00:30:07,978 It wasn't just Jennifer that my love grew for, 337 00:30:08,222 --> 00:30:09,849 it was also the boys. 338 00:30:11,559 --> 00:30:15,325 Jennifer must really like climbers to willingly bring me into her life 339 00:30:15,363 --> 00:30:17,854 and then marry and have me adopt the boys, 340 00:30:17,898 --> 00:30:20,867 because she knows it's downright dangerous work. 341 00:30:23,771 --> 00:30:26,934 Boys, look what I found downstairs. 342 00:30:26,974 --> 00:30:30,774 - Wow! - Good God! 343 00:30:31,545 --> 00:30:33,274 Is this my Halloween costume 344 00:30:33,314 --> 00:30:35,680 or is this what I'm going up Everest in? 345 00:30:35,716 --> 00:30:38,480 - You guys are laughing. - You look like Inspector Gadget. 346 00:30:38,519 --> 00:30:40,009 You're supposed to take me serious. 347 00:30:40,254 --> 00:30:41,619 Mom can appreciate it. 348 00:30:41,655 --> 00:30:43,520 It's amazing to think of those guys 349 00:30:43,557 --> 00:30:46,287 going for the summit in clothing like that. 350 00:30:48,396 --> 00:30:50,421 Would you climb Everest in that suit? 351 00:30:50,464 --> 00:30:52,796 - No. - What would you wear? 352 00:30:52,833 --> 00:30:54,767 I wouldn't climb Everest. 353 00:31:13,354 --> 00:31:15,288 Before climbing Everest, 354 00:31:15,322 --> 00:31:18,917 Mallory had to choose his climbing partner. 355 00:31:18,959 --> 00:31:23,794 Among the candidates was a 21-year-old chemistry student, 356 00:31:23,831 --> 00:31:28,063 Andrew 'Sandy' Irvine - a mountaineering novice. 357 00:31:31,338 --> 00:31:33,829 My great uncle Sandy Irvine took life by the horns, 358 00:31:33,874 --> 00:31:36,468 and if there was an opportunity that presented itself to him 359 00:31:36,510 --> 00:31:37,943 he would take it. 360 00:31:37,978 --> 00:31:40,412 He loved the theater, he loved cars, 361 00:31:40,448 --> 00:31:42,313 and above all he loved women. 362 00:31:42,349 --> 00:31:44,681 And he had this very indiscreet love affair 363 00:31:44,718 --> 00:31:47,687 with his best friend's step-mother. 364 00:31:47,721 --> 00:31:50,417 It was a terrible scandal. 365 00:31:53,727 --> 00:31:58,096 But Sandy Irvine was first and foremost an oarsman. 366 00:31:58,332 --> 00:32:01,324 And when he got to Oxford he was selected to take part 367 00:32:01,368 --> 00:32:03,563 in the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race. 368 00:32:05,606 --> 00:32:09,508 The annual boat race was the most prestigious sporting event of the day. 369 00:32:18,619 --> 00:32:20,109 (Summers) They were victorious. 370 00:32:20,354 --> 00:32:22,584 And what Mallory saw in Sandy 371 00:32:22,623 --> 00:32:25,854 was this extraordinary ability that great oarsmen have, 372 00:32:25,893 --> 00:32:27,884 which is to row through pain, 373 00:32:27,928 --> 00:32:32,865 to push himself almost beyond normal human limit. 374 00:32:34,902 --> 00:32:38,133 But there was another reason for choosing Irvine. 375 00:32:38,372 --> 00:32:40,135 Mallory needed someone technical 376 00:32:40,374 --> 00:32:44,367 to master the oxygen equipment vital at high altitude. 377 00:32:44,411 --> 00:32:47,642 And unlike Mallory, Irvine was very practical. 378 00:32:48,916 --> 00:32:51,646 Sandy asked the Mount Everest committee 379 00:32:51,685 --> 00:32:55,485 to send him a 1922 set, plus the drawings. 380 00:32:55,523 --> 00:32:58,617 And he spent hours and hours in his rooms in Oxford 381 00:32:58,659 --> 00:33:00,889 trying to make it serviceable, 382 00:33:00,928 --> 00:33:04,887 trying to make it lighter, stronger and less fragile, 383 00:33:04,932 --> 00:33:09,028 so that the climbers could use it with greater confidence. 384 00:33:09,069 --> 00:33:13,529 And so the fact that Sandy was so practical with the apparatus, 385 00:33:13,574 --> 00:33:15,906 I think, made it quite clear in Mallory's mind 386 00:33:15,943 --> 00:33:18,912 that he was a useful man to have climbing with him. 387 00:33:27,821 --> 00:33:29,914 Conrad Anker has also chosen 388 00:33:29,957 --> 00:33:33,916 a young Englishman as his climbing partner - Leo Houlding. 389 00:33:33,961 --> 00:33:38,091 Like Irvine, Leo is young, strong, a natural athlete 390 00:33:38,132 --> 00:33:40,430 and has never climbed at high altitude. 391 00:33:41,835 --> 00:33:44,065 The 90-feet high Second Step 392 00:33:44,104 --> 00:33:46,868 will be a dangerous venture into the unknown. 393 00:33:52,446 --> 00:33:54,141 I'm definitely concerned about the altitude 394 00:33:54,181 --> 00:33:55,808 and the acclimatization process, 395 00:33:55,849 --> 00:33:58,682 just because I've never been high enough before 396 00:33:58,719 --> 00:34:00,209 to know whether, you know, 397 00:34:00,454 --> 00:34:03,218 I might be one of those people that it doesn't gel with. 398 00:34:06,727 --> 00:34:08,558 I don't want to let Conrad down 399 00:34:08,596 --> 00:34:10,962 and I'm sure Irvine felt some of that pressure. 400 00:34:51,905 --> 00:34:56,865 Leo's never been to altitude, this unknown. 401 00:34:56,910 --> 00:35:01,279 And you can't walk into a hospital and take a test 402 00:35:01,515 --> 00:35:04,882 that will come back and say, oh, you'll do well at altitude. 403 00:35:04,918 --> 00:35:06,283 Some people do really well. 404 00:35:06,520 --> 00:35:08,147 But I've seen fit people 405 00:35:08,188 --> 00:35:10,884 doubled over and with splitting headaches. 406 00:35:18,132 --> 00:35:21,761 Being invited to climb the highest mountain in the world with Conrad, 407 00:35:21,802 --> 00:35:24,032 one of the best climbers in his generation, 408 00:35:24,071 --> 00:35:25,971 is such a privilege. 409 00:35:26,006 --> 00:35:29,305 For Irvine, being invited to climb with George Mallory, 410 00:35:29,543 --> 00:35:32,569 the best climber of his generation, on the unclimbed Mount Everest - 411 00:35:32,613 --> 00:35:34,547 I just can't imagine how he must have felt. 412 00:35:36,083 --> 00:35:40,645 "I am walking on metaphorical air." 413 00:35:40,688 --> 00:35:45,057 We shall go all out for the summit. 414 00:35:45,092 --> 00:35:49,791 If I have to die, then there would be no finer death 415 00:35:49,830 --> 00:35:52,663 "than in an attempt to conquer Everest." 416 00:35:56,236 --> 00:36:01,799 On February 29, 1924, Mallory set sail from Liverpool, 417 00:36:01,842 --> 00:36:04,333 after making Ruth a solemn promise. 418 00:36:05,579 --> 00:36:08,343 As my grandfather was leaving England 419 00:36:08,582 --> 00:36:10,345 and leaving my grandmother, 420 00:36:10,584 --> 00:36:14,714 he told her that he would leave a photograph of her 421 00:36:14,755 --> 00:36:17,747 at the top of Mount Everest. 422 00:36:17,791 --> 00:36:21,693 And I think he was pretty confident that he would get there 423 00:36:21,729 --> 00:36:24,630 and that he would leave that photograph. 424 00:36:27,901 --> 00:36:30,131 With the eyes of the world upon them, 425 00:36:30,170 --> 00:36:34,129 Mallory and Irvine set out on the three-week voyage for India. 426 00:36:47,955 --> 00:36:52,915 Late that March, their convoy began its 350-mile trek. 427 00:37:09,943 --> 00:37:12,411 Five thousand miles apart, 428 00:37:12,646 --> 00:37:16,412 Mallory and Ruth wrote to each other frequently. 429 00:37:16,650 --> 00:37:19,744 Couriers carried their letters across the world, 430 00:37:19,787 --> 00:37:22,654 and after the months of tension they had gone through, 431 00:37:22,689 --> 00:37:24,316 he and Ruth made up. 432 00:37:25,659 --> 00:37:29,026 "I do miss you a lot." 433 00:37:29,062 --> 00:37:33,692 I know I have rather often been cross and not nice, 434 00:37:33,734 --> 00:37:35,895 and I am very sorry. 435 00:37:35,936 --> 00:37:39,030 I was unhappy at getting so little of you. 436 00:37:39,072 --> 00:37:42,838 Very, very much love to you, my dear one, 437 00:37:42,876 --> 00:37:44,673 "Your loving Ruth." 438 00:37:48,816 --> 00:37:50,681 "Dearest one," 439 00:37:50,717 --> 00:37:54,050 We went through a difficult time together in the autumn. 440 00:37:54,087 --> 00:37:57,318 Your letters bring you much nearer. 441 00:37:57,357 --> 00:37:59,917 "I wish I had you with me." 442 00:38:02,095 --> 00:38:05,929 We can think of the relationship between Mallory, Everest and Ruth 443 00:38:05,966 --> 00:38:07,866 as a kind of love triangle. 444 00:38:07,901 --> 00:38:11,200 When he was at home with Ruth he was dreaming of Everest. 445 00:38:11,238 --> 00:38:13,934 When he was away with Everest he was dreaming of Ruth - 446 00:38:13,974 --> 00:38:17,466 until a certain point, until he got sufficiently close to the mountain 447 00:38:17,711 --> 00:38:20,077 that it cast its spell over him. 448 00:38:36,864 --> 00:38:40,891 The convoy of 300 pack animals and 70 porters 449 00:38:40,934 --> 00:38:43,266 journeyed through Tibet. 450 00:38:44,805 --> 00:38:49,242 Provisions included four cases of Montebello Champagne 451 00:38:49,276 --> 00:38:52,245 and 60 tins of quail and foie gras. 452 00:38:55,315 --> 00:38:59,274 On April 25th, 17,000 feet up, 453 00:38:59,319 --> 00:39:02,379 they reached the last pass before Everest - 454 00:39:02,422 --> 00:39:03,980 Pang La. 455 00:39:14,902 --> 00:39:16,199 The Pang-La is the pass 456 00:39:16,236 --> 00:39:19,296 where you get the first stunning view of Everest, right? 457 00:39:19,339 --> 00:39:21,204 Yeah, and it's this vista. 458 00:39:21,241 --> 00:39:24,267 You've got five of the world's highest peaks in one view. 459 00:39:39,359 --> 00:39:40,917 That's Everest. 460 00:39:45,065 --> 00:39:46,191 Wow. 461 00:39:53,006 --> 00:39:56,066 It's so much bigger than all the other ones, isn't it? 462 00:39:56,109 --> 00:39:57,303 Yeah. 463 00:39:58,946 --> 00:40:02,438 It's really special that we haven't had any sign of the mountain, 464 00:40:02,482 --> 00:40:04,450 and then you drive up to this high pass 465 00:40:04,484 --> 00:40:07,976 and then she just reveals herself in all her glory... 466 00:40:08,021 --> 00:40:10,387 you know, Chomolungma, Mother Goddess of the Earth, 467 00:40:10,424 --> 00:40:12,051 the mountain we call Everest. 468 00:40:12,092 --> 00:40:13,582 Just... bang! 469 00:40:20,834 --> 00:40:25,328 This wonderful photograph, taken on the 26th of April, 1924, 470 00:40:25,372 --> 00:40:27,101 is pretty amazing. 471 00:40:27,140 --> 00:40:31,099 See Everest there, there's Mallory, Irvine, 472 00:40:31,144 --> 00:40:34,511 a couple of their Sherpas they had with them and their pony. 473 00:40:36,249 --> 00:40:38,945 This is almost exactly the same spot, right? 474 00:40:38,986 --> 00:40:40,146 Pretty close. 475 00:40:40,187 --> 00:40:42,621 And they spent three weeks trekking on the plateau 476 00:40:42,856 --> 00:40:46,223 to get to this point, to be able to see it. 477 00:40:46,259 --> 00:40:48,625 And they were on their feet, they'd walked every day. 478 00:40:48,862 --> 00:40:51,854 I mean, you think for us to get here we've been in a Jeep. 479 00:40:58,271 --> 00:41:01,138 On April 29th, Mallory and Irvine 480 00:41:01,174 --> 00:41:05,042 set up their center of operations - Base Camp - 481 00:41:05,078 --> 00:41:06,909 12 miles from the summit. 482 00:41:22,229 --> 00:41:26,290 Like Mallory, Conrad will rely heavily on Sherpa porters, 483 00:41:26,333 --> 00:41:29,131 accustomed to high altitude. 484 00:41:29,169 --> 00:41:32,263 But this is a still a dangerous mountain. 485 00:41:32,305 --> 00:41:36,537 Over 200 people have died here - among them, many Sherpas. 486 00:41:37,310 --> 00:41:39,403 Well, most important is safety. 487 00:41:39,446 --> 00:41:44,679 Ten fingers, ten toes, one nose, all come back... 488 00:41:44,918 --> 00:41:47,546 - Two eyes! - Yes, two eyes! 489 00:41:49,322 --> 00:41:52,553 And if you see something with us, if we look sick, 490 00:41:52,592 --> 00:41:56,551 then you tell us and say, "Go down!" 491 00:42:26,359 --> 00:42:28,452 Before one embarks on an expedition, 492 00:42:28,495 --> 00:42:33,125 it's customary to have a puja, which is a blessing ceremony. 493 00:42:33,166 --> 00:42:37,193 As Chomolungma is Mother Goddess of the Earth, 494 00:42:37,237 --> 00:42:42,732 the mountain is a deity for the Tibetans and the Sherpas. 495 00:42:42,976 --> 00:42:46,343 Safe passage depends upon having a good puja. 496 00:43:11,204 --> 00:43:13,297 Ho! 497 00:43:18,011 --> 00:43:19,774 Good luck, everybody! 498 00:43:22,549 --> 00:43:23,777 Lots of luck. 499 00:43:32,559 --> 00:43:35,460 The Monks from the ancient monastery nearby 500 00:43:35,495 --> 00:43:37,725 gave Mallory a very mixed welcome 501 00:43:37,764 --> 00:43:41,393 when he approached their sacred mountain, Chomolungma. 502 00:43:56,316 --> 00:43:59,808 It was 83 years ago on this day, May 15th, 503 00:44:00,053 --> 00:44:02,283 that Mallory and his team came here 504 00:44:02,322 --> 00:44:04,449 for a blessing from the lama. 505 00:44:12,499 --> 00:44:16,060 The head lama welcomed the strange white climbers, 506 00:44:16,102 --> 00:44:18,696 but it was an ominous encounter. 507 00:44:24,411 --> 00:44:26,208 Along with the blessing, 508 00:44:26,246 --> 00:44:30,580 the lama had a very stern warning for the expedition. 509 00:44:30,617 --> 00:44:32,847 He spoke of disaster to come, 510 00:44:33,086 --> 00:44:35,384 prophesying that the mountain's demons 511 00:44:35,422 --> 00:44:38,516 would delight in forcing the climbers off Everest. 512 00:44:41,628 --> 00:44:44,722 The monks had even created an illustration, 513 00:44:44,764 --> 00:44:46,732 a very gruesome one, 514 00:44:46,766 --> 00:44:50,202 of the Gods disemboweling a western man 515 00:44:50,237 --> 00:44:52,330 and pitching him into hell. 516 00:44:54,507 --> 00:44:56,873 It must have been a terrifying moment for Mallory. 517 00:44:57,110 --> 00:44:59,476 He was not a superstitious man, but I think it would have been 518 00:44:59,512 --> 00:45:03,744 hard to be in that landscape at that time on the third expedition 519 00:45:04,452 --> 00:45:07,080 And not feel the atmosphere to be saturated 520 00:45:07,122 --> 00:45:11,218 with signs and portent and hints and forebodings. 521 00:45:17,465 --> 00:45:19,296 Despite the bad omens, 522 00:45:19,334 --> 00:45:23,168 Mallory hoped that this time he'd summit the mountain. 523 00:45:25,073 --> 00:45:26,938 The weather was good. 524 00:45:26,975 --> 00:45:30,103 He planned to reach the top of Everest by mid-May, 525 00:45:30,145 --> 00:45:32,841 to beat the snows that came with the monsoon. 526 00:45:46,161 --> 00:45:51,326 On May 2, 1924, the giant convoy of climbers and porters 527 00:45:51,366 --> 00:45:53,926 made its way out of Base Camp. 528 00:46:05,113 --> 00:46:07,081 "My dearest Ruth, 529 00:46:07,115 --> 00:46:12,485 The thought of you will be present in the most important decisions... 530 00:46:12,520 --> 00:46:15,250 I am eager for the great events to begin." 531 00:46:19,995 --> 00:46:24,227 (Anker) Mallory realized that the way to attack Everest 532 00:46:24,265 --> 00:46:29,362 was a series of camps, almost militaristic in style. 533 00:46:29,404 --> 00:46:33,101 You go some way up, then come back down, 534 00:46:33,141 --> 00:46:36,975 recuperate, and then move back up. 535 00:46:37,012 --> 00:46:39,242 It's how you acclimatize. 536 00:46:39,280 --> 00:46:41,248 He pioneered this technique, 537 00:46:41,282 --> 00:46:45,309 and it's the one we still use on Everest today. 538 00:47:06,041 --> 00:47:08,532 Conrad and Leo follow Mallory's route 539 00:47:08,576 --> 00:47:12,672 through a forest of ice pinnacles, up to Camp 3. 540 00:47:28,596 --> 00:47:33,499 You definitely can't cheat or hide from altitude and acclimatization. 541 00:47:33,535 --> 00:47:35,696 It just makes everything really hard work. 542 00:47:38,473 --> 00:47:40,703 - This is it, Leo. - Finally. 543 00:47:40,942 --> 00:47:43,172 Camp 3 for 1924. 544 00:47:46,948 --> 00:47:52,614 At Camp 3, altitude really begins to show its nasty side effects. 545 00:47:52,654 --> 00:47:57,318 With each breath you're getting fewer molecules of oxygen in. 546 00:47:57,358 --> 00:47:58,518 It's insidious. 547 00:47:58,560 --> 00:48:00,391 You lose your appetite, 548 00:48:00,428 --> 00:48:02,453 you have splitting headaches, 549 00:48:02,497 --> 00:48:07,332 you have a difficult time just doing the simplest of tasks. 550 00:48:07,368 --> 00:48:12,533 And yet 9,000 feet above you, the summit of Everest, 551 00:48:12,574 --> 00:48:14,064 and it's calling you. 552 00:48:27,655 --> 00:48:30,351 Somewhere above their Camp 2, 553 00:48:30,391 --> 00:48:35,419 Mallory and Irvine experienced their first bout of bad weather. 554 00:48:35,463 --> 00:48:38,364 A storm came in, the temperatures plummeted, 555 00:48:38,399 --> 00:48:41,493 and Mallory realized it wasn't going to be 556 00:48:41,536 --> 00:48:43,766 easy street up to the summit of Everest. 557 00:48:46,441 --> 00:48:48,500 "My dearest girl, 558 00:48:48,543 --> 00:48:54,641 I was acting as a lone horse and arrived first in Camp 3. 559 00:48:54,682 --> 00:49:00,712 The glacier is everywhere beneath the stones... 560 00:49:00,755 --> 00:49:04,589 My boots were frozen hard on my feet. 561 00:49:04,626 --> 00:49:10,292 I was a good deal depressed by the situation... 562 00:49:10,331 --> 00:49:13,061 I love you always, dear one." 563 00:49:17,238 --> 00:49:18,398 Shall we try it on? 564 00:49:18,439 --> 00:49:22,603 Yeah, I'm pretty keen to see how this stuff works. 565 00:49:22,644 --> 00:49:24,043 Check this out. 566 00:49:28,049 --> 00:49:30,415 Can you imagine climbing up with these things? 567 00:49:30,451 --> 00:49:31,748 They're something else. 568 00:49:33,454 --> 00:49:36,048 So I've got every layer on here. 569 00:49:36,090 --> 00:49:38,149 Mallory and Irvine had seven layers on 570 00:49:38,193 --> 00:49:40,559 when they went for the summit in '24. 571 00:49:40,595 --> 00:49:44,292 But the big difference is here, in the footwear. 572 00:49:44,332 --> 00:49:48,166 I tell you, the rest of this outfit seems pretty good. 573 00:49:48,203 --> 00:49:51,104 But compared to the boots that we wear these days, 574 00:49:51,139 --> 00:49:54,597 these things look decidedly, you know, inappropriate. 575 00:49:59,814 --> 00:50:03,716 Wearing hobnailed boot and gabardine jackets, 576 00:50:03,751 --> 00:50:06,311 Conrad and Leo venture onto the mountain. 577 00:50:09,490 --> 00:50:12,254 We were right near the spot 578 00:50:12,293 --> 00:50:17,356 where seven of Mallory's porters lost their lives in the avalanche. 579 00:50:17,398 --> 00:50:19,866 But as in 1924, 580 00:50:20,101 --> 00:50:24,333 we were just bound together by a thin cotton rope. 581 00:50:32,513 --> 00:50:34,504 Using Mallory's technique, 582 00:50:34,549 --> 00:50:37,643 Conrad cuts steps into the steep ice slope. 583 00:50:41,656 --> 00:50:43,487 This is real mountain terrain. 584 00:50:43,524 --> 00:50:44,684 I mean, if you lose your footing 585 00:50:44,726 --> 00:50:47,217 you'll fall down 1,000 feet to the base of it. 586 00:50:47,262 --> 00:50:49,287 And we need to start being careful now, 587 00:50:49,330 --> 00:50:52,629 there's crevasses, there's danger of avalanche. 588 00:50:54,702 --> 00:50:56,897 When you stand on the edge of a crevasse, 589 00:50:57,138 --> 00:51:00,232 you just see this slot disappearing down into the glacier, 590 00:51:00,275 --> 00:51:01,902 hundreds of feet deep. 591 00:51:02,143 --> 00:51:04,771 But the dangerous ones are the ones that you can't see. 592 00:51:04,812 --> 00:51:07,679 You can be walking across a snow bridge just a few feet thick 593 00:51:07,715 --> 00:51:10,684 and fall through it to certain death. 594 00:51:11,419 --> 00:51:14,388 - Yikes, she's deep, isn't she? - Yeah. 595 00:51:18,493 --> 00:51:20,324 I'm right at the bridge! 596 00:51:21,162 --> 00:51:22,390 Ten feet of rope! 597 00:51:23,698 --> 00:51:25,393 Be careful, my friend. 598 00:51:41,749 --> 00:51:46,209 It's phenomenal that they were able to get to 28,000 feet 599 00:51:46,254 --> 00:51:49,348 in what I would basically call 600 00:51:49,390 --> 00:51:52,359 clothing you'd walk through the forest. 601 00:51:56,331 --> 00:51:57,958 Good job, Leo. 602 00:51:58,199 --> 00:52:00,565 No... Good job Conrad. 603 00:52:03,471 --> 00:52:04,836 Ohhh... 604 00:52:04,872 --> 00:52:06,567 I'm knackered! 605 00:52:12,613 --> 00:52:17,573 In 1924, Mallory's team were pinned down by weather so severe 606 00:52:17,618 --> 00:52:20,314 Sandy Irvine feared for his life. 607 00:52:21,522 --> 00:52:23,717 "May 10th... 608 00:52:23,758 --> 00:52:27,489 Had a terrible night with wind and snow. 609 00:52:27,528 --> 00:52:30,463 I don't know how the tent stood it. 610 00:52:30,498 --> 00:52:32,329 Very little sleep, 611 00:52:32,367 --> 00:52:36,861 and about two inches of snow over everything in the tent. 612 00:52:36,904 --> 00:52:39,338 Awful headache this morning." 613 00:52:41,376 --> 00:52:44,607 Irvine was suffering from altitude sickness. 614 00:52:44,645 --> 00:52:49,878 His role as Mallory's climbing partner was now in doubt. 615 00:52:49,917 --> 00:52:54,752 The harsh conditions forced the entire team back down to Base Camp. 616 00:52:57,792 --> 00:52:59,419 When they arrived there 617 00:52:59,460 --> 00:53:02,759 they found that two of the staff were dead. 618 00:53:02,797 --> 00:53:05,027 Instead of preparing for a summit bid 619 00:53:05,266 --> 00:53:07,029 they were burying people in Base Camp. 620 00:53:07,268 --> 00:53:10,897 It must have been quite strange for Irvine to come to terms with that. 621 00:53:13,608 --> 00:53:17,271 "One of our NCOs suddenly got paralysis, 622 00:53:17,311 --> 00:53:21,907 probably due to a clot on the brain from frostbitten fingers. 623 00:53:21,949 --> 00:53:26,318 The poor fellow died within half a mile of Base Camp." 624 00:53:29,290 --> 00:53:33,056 Meanwhile, Mallory planned another dangerous summit bid. 625 00:53:35,897 --> 00:53:39,389 But he allowed no sign of the team's suffering to show 626 00:53:39,434 --> 00:53:41,994 in a letter to his eldest daughter, Clare. 627 00:53:44,639 --> 00:53:45,833 "My darling, 628 00:53:45,873 --> 00:53:49,809 There is not much wind today, so it is nice and warm. 629 00:53:49,844 --> 00:53:52,608 Now tea has come and for the first time 630 00:53:52,647 --> 00:53:56,549 since I don't know when, cake. 631 00:53:56,584 --> 00:54:00,418 Shall we have a little tea party together one day in August, 632 00:54:00,455 --> 00:54:05,825 with a flat, warm squidgy cake and nothing else? 633 00:54:05,860 --> 00:54:08,090 Haven't you got a greedy Daddy! 634 00:54:14,602 --> 00:54:16,968 It was already mid-May. 635 00:54:17,004 --> 00:54:19,438 And soon, the snows would come. 636 00:54:20,741 --> 00:54:24,108 The monsoon arrives early June every year. 637 00:54:24,345 --> 00:54:26,370 It releases a tremendous amount of snow. 638 00:54:27,348 --> 00:54:28,975 Climbing is impossible. 639 00:54:46,634 --> 00:54:50,764 We had the same challenge as Mallory in 1924. 640 00:54:50,805 --> 00:54:53,467 We were there late in the season. 641 00:54:53,508 --> 00:54:56,602 If we didn't get up the mountain before the monsoon hit 642 00:54:56,644 --> 00:54:58,908 we'd be in very serious trouble. 643 00:55:06,821 --> 00:55:09,483 Over 22,000 feet up, 644 00:55:09,524 --> 00:55:12,960 Conrad and Leo start the ascent of Everest itself. 645 00:55:17,965 --> 00:55:21,901 They are on one of the most treacherous parts of the mountain - 646 00:55:21,936 --> 00:55:26,771 the giant wall of ice and snow that leads up to the North Col, 647 00:55:26,807 --> 00:55:28,638 the launchpad to the summit. 648 00:55:57,838 --> 00:56:02,138 Despite all the modern equipment, the altitude hits Leo hard. 649 00:56:03,978 --> 00:56:06,674 This is the first time I've ever been to this altitude, 650 00:56:06,714 --> 00:56:12,209 and you move so desperately slowly, it's unreal, you just can't believe. 651 00:56:12,453 --> 00:56:14,683 You take two steps and you're completely out of breath, 652 00:56:14,722 --> 00:56:16,849 and I'm sure it's going to get worse as we get up. 653 00:56:34,642 --> 00:56:37,577 With hobnailed boots and no guide-ropes, 654 00:56:37,612 --> 00:56:40,604 Mallory led the assault on the North Col, 655 00:56:40,648 --> 00:56:45,051 cutting steps into what he called 'its great battlements of ice. ' 656 00:56:47,622 --> 00:56:50,250 "The North Col was a triumph. 657 00:56:50,491 --> 00:56:55,485 I enjoyed the conquest of the ice wall and making the steps. 658 00:56:55,529 --> 00:56:58,896 Afterwards I was practically bust to the world." 659 00:57:00,768 --> 00:57:02,736 Looking back down the valley, 660 00:57:02,770 --> 00:57:07,605 he was already higher than the greatest peaks in Europe or America. 661 00:57:07,642 --> 00:57:11,510 But the summit was still 6,000 feet above. 662 00:57:22,690 --> 00:57:26,888 Here on the Col, Mallory set up his bridgehead to Everest - 663 00:57:26,927 --> 00:57:29,623 Camp 4. 664 00:57:29,664 --> 00:57:33,156 He planned higher camps further up the mountain. 665 00:57:33,200 --> 00:57:36,897 These would take him within striking distance of the summit. 666 00:57:38,873 --> 00:57:42,536 Mallory had a cough that wouldn't go away, 667 00:57:42,576 --> 00:57:46,034 Irvine was suffering from diarrhea, 668 00:57:46,080 --> 00:57:48,048 and the cold never left them. 669 00:57:53,688 --> 00:57:55,315 "My dearest Ruth, 670 00:57:55,556 --> 00:57:56,989 I couldn't sleep, 671 00:57:57,024 --> 00:58:01,654 distressed with bursts of coughing fit to tear one's guts. 672 00:58:01,696 --> 00:58:04,665 Fierce squalls visited our tents and shook them 673 00:58:04,699 --> 00:58:08,931 with the disagreeable threat of tearing them away from their moorings. 674 00:58:08,969 --> 00:58:12,803 There was never a more determined and bitter enemy." 675 00:58:18,579 --> 00:58:20,342 Twenty-three thousand feet up, 676 00:58:20,581 --> 00:58:24,244 Conrad and Leo test out Mallory's gear one last time. 677 00:58:25,853 --> 00:58:30,586 Suddenly, temperatures plummet to 20 below freezing. 678 00:58:30,624 --> 00:58:32,353 They're in severe danger of frostbite. 679 00:58:43,204 --> 00:58:44,967 Thank you, Mingma. 680 00:58:45,005 --> 00:58:45,903 No problem. 681 00:58:54,215 --> 00:58:57,981 I can't imagine going to 8,500 meters in these boots. 682 00:59:00,287 --> 00:59:02,380 Which is my theory, 683 00:59:02,623 --> 00:59:06,992 that if those guys were moving they were okay... 684 00:59:07,027 --> 00:59:09,996 but once they stopped moving the clock was ticking, 685 00:59:10,030 --> 00:59:12,658 and it was a different game altogether. 686 00:59:18,639 --> 00:59:20,266 My toes are freezing. 687 00:59:25,646 --> 00:59:30,413 In '22, Mallory frostbit one of his fingers... 688 00:59:30,651 --> 00:59:33,916 And he commented that it was bad but not that bad. 689 00:59:33,954 --> 00:59:38,755 And then as a note aside he said, 690 00:59:38,793 --> 00:59:42,923 "I wouldn't mind if I lost a finger for this summit." 691 00:59:44,331 --> 00:59:46,663 And if I was in his shoes I probably would have thought 692 00:59:46,700 --> 00:59:52,036 the same thing because it was the golden age of exploration. 693 00:59:57,678 --> 00:59:59,043 Ahh, that's it. 694 00:59:59,079 --> 01:00:00,444 Come on, my beauties. 695 01:00:03,818 --> 01:00:05,786 Oh, God. 696 01:00:11,826 --> 01:00:14,192 Bad weather blocks Conrad's path 697 01:00:14,228 --> 01:00:17,061 and the monsoon snows are imminent. 698 01:00:17,097 --> 01:00:21,932 He and Leo risk being trapped high on Everest, beyond rescue. 699 01:00:24,705 --> 01:00:27,469 It was a stressful moment. 700 01:00:27,708 --> 01:00:28,800 What are we doing? 701 01:00:28,843 --> 01:00:31,073 We're climbing into the second week of June, 702 01:00:31,111 --> 01:00:33,238 the monsoon's on our ass. 703 01:00:33,280 --> 01:00:36,943 I get on the phone to Jennifer, and I say to her, 704 01:00:36,984 --> 01:00:41,080 it's not worth what I'm putting you and the family through, 705 01:00:41,121 --> 01:00:42,884 and I'm ready to come home. 706 01:00:44,992 --> 01:00:47,483 The window was closing; I knew the monsoon was coming. 707 01:00:47,728 --> 01:00:51,220 I was looking at the satellite imagery of the weather. 708 01:00:51,265 --> 01:00:52,732 I said, Conrad, you know what? 709 01:00:52,766 --> 01:00:54,495 I'm looking at the computer screen 710 01:00:54,735 --> 01:00:57,135 and I'm seeing this giant wall of weather - 711 01:00:57,171 --> 01:00:59,162 and it's the monsoon. 712 01:00:59,206 --> 01:01:01,106 And I just said, Conrad, 713 01:01:01,141 --> 01:01:05,976 you need to be confident that you can make it. 714 01:01:06,013 --> 01:01:09,505 But if you have a chance to climb the Second Step, 715 01:01:09,750 --> 01:01:11,183 I want you to go for it. 716 01:01:16,757 --> 01:01:18,247 "My dear one, 717 01:01:18,292 --> 01:01:20,522 What is happening to you? 718 01:01:20,761 --> 01:01:22,854 I wonder so much. 719 01:01:22,897 --> 01:01:26,333 Are you happy and are you well? 720 01:01:26,367 --> 01:01:30,326 All the immortal love my soul has is with you... 721 01:01:30,371 --> 01:01:32,134 Ruth." 722 01:01:34,775 --> 01:01:37,209 Early in June, 1924, 723 01:01:37,244 --> 01:01:41,010 two of Mallory's team, Norton and Somervell, 724 01:01:41,048 --> 01:01:46,816 pushed on up the mountain, but Everest forced them back. 725 01:01:46,854 --> 01:01:50,551 Snow-blind, Norton had to be carried down. 726 01:01:50,791 --> 01:01:53,316 Somervell almost choked to death 727 01:01:53,360 --> 01:01:56,352 before coughing up part of his frostbitten larynx. 728 01:01:58,933 --> 01:02:02,027 Clearly, it was time to go home. 729 01:02:02,069 --> 01:02:05,436 They were weak with exhaustion... 730 01:02:05,472 --> 01:02:08,805 The monsoon was due... 731 01:02:08,842 --> 01:02:10,935 But Mallory refused to give in. 732 01:02:13,347 --> 01:02:15,372 "My dear girl, 733 01:02:15,416 --> 01:02:19,443 This has been a bad time altogether... 734 01:02:19,486 --> 01:02:23,047 Perhaps it's mere folly to go up again. 735 01:02:23,090 --> 01:02:26,582 But how can I be out of the hunt? 736 01:02:26,827 --> 01:02:31,264 Six days to the top from this camp. 737 01:02:31,298 --> 01:02:35,064 It's 50 to 1 against, but we'll have a whack yet 738 01:02:35,102 --> 01:02:38,196 and do ourselves proud. 739 01:02:38,238 --> 01:02:39,466 Great love to you, 740 01:02:39,506 --> 01:02:41,872 ever your loving George." 741 01:02:58,258 --> 01:03:01,352 The big question is why George Mallory 742 01:03:01,395 --> 01:03:03,420 thought it was worth one more shot. 743 01:03:03,464 --> 01:03:06,900 I think the way to reconcile the overriding conflict in his life, 744 01:03:06,934 --> 01:03:09,300 was actually to climb the mountain and be done with it 745 01:03:09,336 --> 01:03:12,032 and go home to Ruth and say I've done it, 746 01:03:12,072 --> 01:03:15,041 it's over, now we can get on with the rest of our lives. 747 01:03:16,276 --> 01:03:20,235 He knew that this was it. 748 01:03:20,280 --> 01:03:22,646 He couldn't come back again later 749 01:03:22,883 --> 01:03:25,113 if he didn't get to the top. 750 01:03:25,152 --> 01:03:29,646 It would be impossible to put Ruth through that again. 751 01:03:31,892 --> 01:03:34,656 "I must tell you, dearest one, 752 01:03:34,895 --> 01:03:39,332 I feel full of energy and strength. 753 01:03:39,366 --> 01:03:42,392 My plan will be to carry as little as possible, 754 01:03:42,436 --> 01:03:45,064 go fast, and rush the summit." 755 01:03:54,948 --> 01:04:00,545 Mallory now needed oxygen and Irvine more than ever. 756 01:04:00,587 --> 01:04:03,055 He wanted his partner, 757 01:04:03,090 --> 01:04:06,082 now over the worst of his altitude sickness, 758 01:04:06,126 --> 01:04:09,425 to apply his technical skills to the final assault. 759 01:04:11,498 --> 01:04:14,934 "Irvine has been brilliantly skillful about the oxygen. 760 01:04:14,968 --> 01:04:18,165 He has practically invented a new instrument." 761 01:04:21,608 --> 01:04:23,473 "Fifth of June... 762 01:04:23,510 --> 01:04:27,571 It will be a great triumph if my impromptu apparatus 763 01:04:27,614 --> 01:04:30,310 gets us to the top. 764 01:04:30,350 --> 01:04:33,080 It has been very trying for everyone 765 01:04:33,120 --> 01:04:36,988 with terribly strong reflection off the snow. 766 01:04:37,024 --> 01:04:39,515 I've prepared two oxygen apparatus 767 01:04:39,560 --> 01:04:42,358 for our start tomorrow morning." 768 01:04:45,499 --> 01:04:48,957 These are the last words written by Sandy Irvine. 769 01:04:51,371 --> 01:04:52,736 He would have gone 770 01:04:52,973 --> 01:04:55,066 wherever Mallory would have wanted him to go, 771 01:04:55,109 --> 01:04:58,203 and I'm quite sure that he had every intention 772 01:04:58,245 --> 01:04:59,735 of coming back from the mountain 773 01:04:59,980 --> 01:05:02,380 with both feet, both legs, both arms intact. 774 01:05:02,416 --> 01:05:06,011 I don't think he even entertained, truly entertained, 775 01:05:06,053 --> 01:05:07,748 the idea that he would die. 776 01:05:07,988 --> 01:05:10,479 I think he believed that he was indestructible. 777 01:05:14,394 --> 01:05:16,089 Early on June the 6th, 778 01:05:16,130 --> 01:05:20,294 support climber Noel Odell photographed Mallory and Irvine 779 01:05:20,334 --> 01:05:23,098 as they set out from the North Col. 780 01:05:28,008 --> 01:05:31,239 (Odell) "Who could hold back when such a victory, 781 01:05:31,278 --> 01:05:36,580 such a triumph of human endeavor was within their grasp." 782 01:05:40,020 --> 01:05:44,719 (Mallory) "One must conquer, achieve, get to the top... 783 01:05:44,758 --> 01:05:49,593 to know there's no dream that mustn't be dared." 784 01:05:59,039 --> 01:06:01,166 There's nothing on top of Mount Everest. 785 01:06:01,208 --> 01:06:04,143 There's not a pot of gold. 786 01:06:04,178 --> 01:06:07,272 Well, why are we doing this? 787 01:06:07,314 --> 01:06:09,145 You want the glory. 788 01:06:09,183 --> 01:06:13,279 You want that feeling of standing on top of the world. 789 01:06:17,057 --> 01:06:21,756 Gambling on beating the monsoon, Conrad makes his choice - 790 01:06:21,795 --> 01:06:24,593 to follow Mallory up to the Second Step. 791 01:06:27,334 --> 01:06:31,430 We're starting our summit bid and it's the 10th of June. 792 01:06:31,471 --> 01:06:33,098 I think the 5th of June 793 01:06:33,140 --> 01:06:36,303 is the latest anyone's ever climbed pre-monsoon. 794 01:06:36,343 --> 01:06:38,834 The clouds in the background are an indication 795 01:06:39,079 --> 01:06:40,444 of the monsoon rolling in, 796 01:06:40,480 --> 01:06:44,348 so we're gonna play it by ear, one day at a time, 797 01:06:44,384 --> 01:06:47,444 but this is our window. 798 01:07:13,814 --> 01:07:16,339 It's just ridiculously tiring, 799 01:07:16,383 --> 01:07:19,352 like it feels like someone's taking the Michael... 800 01:07:19,386 --> 01:07:22,651 You take one step and your head's in your hands. 801 01:07:51,485 --> 01:07:53,680 That is unreal, isn't it? 802 01:07:53,720 --> 01:07:56,245 It's like an out-of-body experience. 803 01:08:08,769 --> 01:08:11,863 On June the 7th, cameraman John Noel 804 01:08:11,905 --> 01:08:15,671 filmed the last images of Mallory and Irvine. 805 01:08:19,513 --> 01:08:23,677 They were two miles above him with their porters, 806 01:08:23,717 --> 01:08:25,708 climbing into the death zone, 807 01:08:25,752 --> 01:08:27,549 where the lack of oxygen 808 01:08:27,587 --> 01:08:29,817 makes it impossible to function for long. 809 01:08:32,626 --> 01:08:35,959 In the death zone, above 26,000 feet, 810 01:08:36,196 --> 01:08:41,964 the body enters into what is known as necrosis... 811 01:08:42,202 --> 01:08:43,965 One is dying. 812 01:08:48,275 --> 01:08:51,574 Humans weren't meant to survive at this altitude, 813 01:08:51,611 --> 01:08:53,511 and you're on borrowed time. 814 01:08:58,785 --> 01:09:03,245 As they enter the death zone, Conrad and Leo use oxygen, 815 01:09:03,290 --> 01:09:05,588 like Mallory and Irvine before them. 816 01:09:16,236 --> 01:09:17,464 I was just thinking, 817 01:09:17,504 --> 01:09:20,473 oh, the death zone - this place isn't that bad. 818 01:09:20,507 --> 01:09:23,670 All of a sudden the first of the dead bodies 819 01:09:23,710 --> 01:09:29,478 that we encountered appeared right by the path. 820 01:09:29,516 --> 01:09:31,006 And it was a real... 821 01:09:31,251 --> 01:09:34,015 Where else do you walk past a dead body? 822 01:09:34,254 --> 01:09:35,482 Unless you're in a war zone 823 01:09:35,522 --> 01:09:37,649 you're never going to witness anything like that. 824 01:09:37,691 --> 01:09:39,488 It's such an extreme environment up there 825 01:09:39,526 --> 01:09:41,619 that no one can do anything about it, 826 01:09:41,661 --> 01:09:43,356 they can't bring them down. 827 01:09:50,570 --> 01:09:54,666 High in the death zone, some 2,000 feet below the summit, 828 01:09:54,708 --> 01:09:58,405 Mallory and Irvine pitched their last camp. 829 01:10:01,281 --> 01:10:03,909 Here Mallory wrote to cameraman John Noel, 830 01:10:03,950 --> 01:10:07,784 who was waiting further down to film the moment of triumph. 831 01:10:09,689 --> 01:10:10,815 "Dear Noel, 832 01:10:10,857 --> 01:10:14,657 We'll probably start early tomorrow to have clear weather. 833 01:10:14,694 --> 01:10:16,662 Start looking out for us 834 01:10:16,696 --> 01:10:19,529 either crossing the rock band under the pyramid 835 01:10:19,566 --> 01:10:22,399 or going up the skyline at 8 p.m." 836 01:10:24,337 --> 01:10:26,965 (Anker) Clearly he meant to say 8 a.m. 837 01:10:31,878 --> 01:10:33,072 He was tired. 838 01:10:33,313 --> 01:10:35,577 He had been on expedition for three months 839 01:10:35,615 --> 01:10:38,846 and now over three days in the death zone. 840 01:10:58,872 --> 01:11:01,568 We knew the monsoon was imminent. 841 01:11:01,608 --> 01:11:05,840 We only had a 12-hour window... 842 01:11:05,879 --> 01:11:08,712 We had to strike while the iron was hot. 843 01:11:09,883 --> 01:11:12,647 You're so nervous that I woke up 844 01:11:12,686 --> 01:11:15,849 before the alarm and turned our headlamps on, 845 01:11:15,889 --> 01:11:18,119 got all the layering systems set up. 846 01:11:18,358 --> 01:11:21,350 When you step out of the tent it was a bit like a starting gate. 847 01:11:21,394 --> 01:11:22,759 I was ready to go. 848 01:11:23,363 --> 01:11:25,524 Leo was so excited, 849 01:11:25,565 --> 01:11:27,999 he had that boost of summit energy. 850 01:11:28,034 --> 01:11:30,628 It's probably similar to what Mallory and Irvine had 851 01:11:30,670 --> 01:11:32,729 on their summit day 852 01:11:32,772 --> 01:11:35,002 when they were there within striking distance 853 01:11:35,041 --> 01:11:36,941 of the first ascent of Everest. 854 01:11:53,793 --> 01:11:57,889 Imagine the morning of June 8, 1924... 855 01:11:59,933 --> 01:12:03,892 They're cold, they've had a restless night of sleep. 856 01:12:06,139 --> 01:12:09,768 Compound this with a lack of appetite, 857 01:12:09,809 --> 01:12:13,575 severe dehydration. 858 01:12:13,613 --> 01:12:15,638 Their bodies are wasted. 859 01:12:15,682 --> 01:12:18,651 Their mental faculties are compromised. 860 01:12:18,685 --> 01:12:22,177 Simple things become monumental chores. 861 01:12:38,438 --> 01:12:40,565 Twenty-eight thousand feet is at the limit 862 01:12:40,607 --> 01:12:43,440 of what is humanly possible. 863 01:12:43,476 --> 01:12:48,937 Even with supplemental oxygen, it's very, very desperate. 864 01:12:48,982 --> 01:12:52,213 And above them is a route that no one has ever been on. 865 01:12:52,452 --> 01:12:53,817 And when you're the first, 866 01:12:53,853 --> 01:12:56,481 overcoming this sense of the unknown 867 01:12:56,523 --> 01:12:58,548 is one of the greatest challenges. 868 01:13:08,602 --> 01:13:10,229 Think about it: 869 01:13:10,470 --> 01:13:13,962 The anxiety, the fear, trepidation, 870 01:13:14,007 --> 01:13:17,465 combined with the exhilaration. 871 01:13:17,510 --> 01:13:21,844 All those things stirring around 872 01:13:21,881 --> 01:13:26,716 and held fast by pain and suffering. 873 01:13:36,062 --> 01:13:39,725 Mallory and Irvine climbed the North Face, 874 01:13:39,766 --> 01:13:41,734 up towards the summit ridge, 875 01:13:41,768 --> 01:13:43,998 where the Second Step blocked their path. 876 01:13:49,109 --> 01:13:53,011 We got to the ridge just on schedule, right after dawn. 877 01:13:56,950 --> 01:13:58,884 Absolutely wonderful. 878 01:14:31,551 --> 01:14:35,817 At 12:50 on June 8, 1924, 879 01:14:35,855 --> 01:14:40,189 support climber Noel Odell sighted Mallory and Irvine 880 01:14:40,226 --> 01:14:42,091 through a gap in the clouds. 881 01:14:45,565 --> 01:14:49,968 "My eyes became fixed on a tiny black dot, 882 01:14:50,003 --> 01:14:54,201 a short distance from the base of the final pyramid. 883 01:14:54,240 --> 01:14:56,800 Another moved up to join it. 884 01:14:56,843 --> 01:15:01,678 They were moving expeditiously, as if to make up for lost time. 885 01:15:01,715 --> 01:15:06,345 Then the whole fascinating vision vanished, 886 01:15:06,586 --> 01:15:09,248 enveloped in a cloud." 887 01:15:14,994 --> 01:15:17,588 Mallory and Irvine were missing. 888 01:15:19,866 --> 01:15:22,835 (Odell) "No trace can be found... 889 01:15:22,869 --> 01:15:24,700 Awaiting orders." 890 01:15:27,006 --> 01:15:30,169 Instead of capturing their victorious ascent, 891 01:15:30,210 --> 01:15:34,772 cameraman John Noel had to film the search for them. 892 01:15:38,818 --> 01:15:43,380 Days later, blankets laid out as a cross in the snow 893 01:15:43,623 --> 01:15:47,252 signaled the devastating news. 894 01:15:47,293 --> 01:15:51,753 Mallory and Irvine were lost, presumed dead. 895 01:16:07,714 --> 01:16:12,742 Mrs Mallory, Herschel House, Cambridge... 896 01:16:12,786 --> 01:16:17,280 Committee deeply regret receive bad news. 897 01:16:17,323 --> 01:16:21,282 Everest expedition today... 898 01:16:21,327 --> 01:16:23,295 Your husband killed... 899 01:16:23,329 --> 01:16:25,194 Last climb. 900 01:16:25,231 --> 01:16:28,758 Committee offer you and family heartfelt sympathy. 901 01:16:33,206 --> 01:16:36,039 Ruth received the news one evening. 902 01:16:36,075 --> 01:16:38,669 She decided not to tell her children that night 903 01:16:38,711 --> 01:16:40,178 because they'd already gone to bed. 904 01:16:40,213 --> 01:16:42,113 She actually went to bed herself 905 01:16:42,148 --> 01:16:44,048 and slept with that terrible knowledge, 906 01:16:44,083 --> 01:16:47,917 then in morning woke them up and took them into her bed, 907 01:16:47,954 --> 01:16:50,320 and told them this terrible news. 908 01:16:52,091 --> 01:16:56,824 (Ruth) "George's spirit was ready for another life, 909 01:16:56,863 --> 01:17:01,323 and his way of going to it was very beautiful. 910 01:17:01,367 --> 01:17:05,269 I know so absolutely he could not have failed 911 01:17:05,305 --> 01:17:09,264 in courage or self-sacrifice. 912 01:17:09,309 --> 01:17:12,938 If only it hadn't happened. 913 01:17:12,979 --> 01:17:15,072 It so easily might not have." 914 01:17:19,786 --> 01:17:25,884 The golden age of exploration had ended in tragedy. 915 01:17:25,925 --> 01:17:30,157 The fallen hero was mourned by King and country. 916 01:17:33,733 --> 01:17:36,258 It must have been an extraordinary day, 917 01:17:36,302 --> 01:17:40,898 the bells ringing out around Britain in mourning... 918 01:17:40,940 --> 01:17:44,501 And then a memorial service in St Paul's, 919 01:17:44,744 --> 01:17:47,508 the mourners packing the pews 920 01:17:47,747 --> 01:17:49,840 and speeches given in Mallory's honor. 921 01:17:55,421 --> 01:18:00,757 Mallory, the man, soon became Mallory, the legend. 922 01:18:00,793 --> 01:18:07,289 Many people were convinced he had reached the top of Everest. 923 01:18:07,333 --> 01:18:13,067 But to summit, he would first have had to free-climb the Second Step. 924 01:18:15,375 --> 01:18:21,280 On June 14th our expedition reached the Second Step - 925 01:18:21,314 --> 01:18:27,275 this formidable rock face that stood between Mallory and the summit. 926 01:18:29,822 --> 01:18:33,189 The Sherpas cleared the fixed-ropes and hauled the ladder away, 927 01:18:33,226 --> 01:18:37,287 restoring the Second Step to what it was like in 1924. 928 01:18:43,236 --> 01:18:50,574 Goal is today, pull the ladders up and climb it free - 929 01:18:50,810 --> 01:18:53,370 that is without the assistance of the Chinese ladder. 930 01:19:21,107 --> 01:19:22,836 This whole time on the expedition 931 01:19:22,875 --> 01:19:26,606 I knew it was going to come down to this half hour, 932 01:19:26,846 --> 01:19:31,078 on a cliff band at 28,300 feet. 933 01:19:31,117 --> 01:19:34,245 Could I do it in the form that Mallory and Irvine 934 01:19:34,287 --> 01:19:37,085 would have encountered it, free of any ladder, 935 01:19:37,123 --> 01:19:42,083 free of any rope, free of any indication of man? 936 01:19:42,128 --> 01:19:45,097 You have the whole North Face of Mount Everest 937 01:19:45,131 --> 01:19:48,225 all the way down to the central Rongbuk glacier below you. 938 01:19:50,269 --> 01:19:52,999 Seven, eight-thousand feet of exposure. 939 01:19:53,039 --> 01:19:55,098 God, what am I doing? 940 01:20:09,022 --> 01:20:10,649 Just like Mallory and Irvine, 941 01:20:10,890 --> 01:20:13,120 Leo and I were tied together. 942 01:20:15,428 --> 01:20:17,259 It's the brotherhood of the rope. 943 01:20:33,179 --> 01:20:35,409 Imagine this... 944 01:20:35,448 --> 01:20:41,148 June 8, 1924. 945 01:21:18,024 --> 01:21:19,048 Whoa! 946 01:21:30,236 --> 01:21:31,726 You okay? 947 01:21:31,971 --> 01:21:33,370 Yeah... 948 01:21:33,406 --> 01:21:34,600 Man! 949 01:21:34,640 --> 01:21:37,200 What happened? 950 01:21:37,243 --> 01:21:38,540 Bad step. 951 01:21:41,380 --> 01:21:43,974 Had I not caught myself, 952 01:21:44,016 --> 01:21:47,076 there's a good chance I could have fallen over the edge, 953 01:21:47,120 --> 01:21:49,281 pulled Leo off of the mountain 954 01:21:49,322 --> 01:21:53,088 and fallen 7,000 feet to the central Rongbuk glacier. 955 01:21:55,128 --> 01:21:56,755 I think it shook him up somewhat 956 01:21:56,996 --> 01:21:59,226 and he ended up spending quite a long time 957 01:21:59,265 --> 01:22:02,496 figuring out what to do next, recomposing himself. 958 01:22:02,535 --> 01:22:04,560 I mean, I'd say at least 20 minutes. 959 01:22:05,538 --> 01:22:08,098 Want to stand on my shoulders? 960 01:22:09,408 --> 01:22:11,376 I'm going to give it another go. 961 01:22:15,214 --> 01:22:20,174 My job was to... climb the Second Step. 962 01:22:20,219 --> 01:22:24,121 I knew that I had to try it from a different angle. 963 01:23:40,633 --> 01:23:42,225 Okay... 964 01:23:42,268 --> 01:23:43,496 High step... 965 01:24:13,266 --> 01:24:15,257 I think I got it, Leo. 966 01:24:15,301 --> 01:24:16,632 I think I got it... 967 01:24:23,342 --> 01:24:24,775 Aaaahhh! 968 01:24:57,243 --> 01:25:00,701 After eight years of keeping me awake at night 969 01:25:00,746 --> 01:25:06,946 and being the 90 feet of climbing that I had to get done... 970 01:25:07,186 --> 01:25:08,744 I got the Second Step. 971 01:25:20,333 --> 01:25:21,561 I can't breathe. 972 01:25:25,371 --> 01:25:29,740 I realized that my toes had gone completely numb. 973 01:25:29,775 --> 01:25:32,335 My biggest fear through this whole experience 974 01:25:32,378 --> 01:25:35,870 has been getting frostbite in my toes. 975 01:25:35,915 --> 01:25:39,248 I was just concerned about getting to the top of the Second Step 976 01:25:39,285 --> 01:25:40,912 as quickly as I possibly could. 977 01:25:49,228 --> 01:25:52,391 (Anker) I thought about Mallory. 978 01:25:52,431 --> 01:25:54,922 Our ascent of the Second Step 979 01:25:54,967 --> 01:25:59,597 opens up the possibility that they could have pulled it off. 980 01:26:03,509 --> 01:26:06,000 Earlier I was under the impression that the Second Step 981 01:26:06,245 --> 01:26:09,612 was an impossibility for climbers of that time. 982 01:26:09,648 --> 01:26:12,481 Now I'm changed on that. 983 01:26:12,518 --> 01:26:15,885 They definitely were capable of doing it. 984 01:26:18,257 --> 01:26:22,660 The Second Step is not too much of an obstacle for them to overcome. 985 01:26:47,453 --> 01:26:50,047 They were determined, 986 01:26:50,289 --> 01:26:54,555 and if they were strong and they were moving quickly, 987 01:26:54,593 --> 01:26:56,959 there's a chance they made it to the top. 988 01:26:59,999 --> 01:27:02,058 "Dear one, 989 01:27:02,301 --> 01:27:06,670 I will be thinking of you as you set off for the summit. 990 01:27:06,705 --> 01:27:10,072 I know you can achieve your wildest dream." 991 01:27:29,328 --> 01:27:32,422 (Irvine) "If we get within 200 yards or so 992 01:27:32,465 --> 01:27:34,592 of the top of Everest, 993 01:27:34,633 --> 01:27:38,694 we shall go... 994 01:27:38,737 --> 01:27:42,969 And if it's a one-way ticket, so be it." 995 01:28:35,928 --> 01:28:39,659 Eight years after I found the body of George Mallory, 996 01:28:39,698 --> 01:28:42,496 the circle is complete. 997 01:28:47,806 --> 01:28:51,503 A few hours before the monsoon closed in, 998 01:28:51,544 --> 01:28:54,911 Leo and I summitted Mount Everest. 999 01:28:58,717 --> 01:29:03,120 And we have shown that these could have been 1000 01:29:03,155 --> 01:29:06,682 Mallory and Irvine's final footsteps. 1001 01:29:17,970 --> 01:29:23,203 "Is this the summit crowning the day? 1002 01:29:23,442 --> 01:29:28,072 How cool and how quiet... 1003 01:29:28,113 --> 01:29:33,983 Have we vanquished an enemy? 1004 01:29:34,019 --> 01:29:36,544 None but ourselves?" 82185

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