All language subtitles for Soul of the Elephant PBS Nature S34E04 EN SUB_Subtitles01.ENG

DERECK: They emerged from
the swamps 50 million years ago

and became creatures that ruled
the world from coast to coast,

mountains to deserts.

NARRATOR: Dereck and Beverly
Joubert are many things --

award-winning filmmakers,

explorers,
and dedicated conservationists.

Now they've set their sights
once again

on the elephants of Botswana --
but from a whole new angle.

DERECK: We've lived in the wild
in Botswana for 30 years,

telling the stories
of this place.

But we haven't seen it all.

We're still searching
for something.

[ Trumpeting ]

NARRATOR: Journey
with the Jouberts

to one of the most remote places
in Africa,

where they'll explore
one of the last remaining

herds of elephants

and contemplate the inner lives

of these iconic creatures.

BEVERLY: Did they know
the dead elephant?

Is this a curiosity
or remembrance?

What is the very soul
of the elephant?

♪♪

[ Animals calling ]

♪♪

DERECK: The story of elephants
is a timeless story of ghosts.

[ Elephants rumbling ]

They leave us messages --

ancient footprints in the sands
of time.

In some places, it's the message
of extinction

as 35,000 elephants are poached
each year,

purely for their ivory.

[ Elephant rumbles ]

But in other places,
there are messages of hope --

like where we live,
where they are still giants.

[ Elephant rumbles ]

Seven-ton giants in full sail.

Their movements

are a meditation.

[ Elephant snorts ]

Their eyes shine
with a deep intelligence.

We've lived in the wild
in Botswana for 30 years,

filming, exploring, researching,

telling the stories
of this place.

But we haven't seen it all.

We're still searching
for something.

And often,
what we find surprises us.

I often think of myself
as an elephant.

I try to think their thoughts,

live life with their values.

BEVERLY: This all started
one day

while exploring the backwaters
of the bush.

This place is endless.

[ Woman vocalizing ]

BEVERLY: We stumbled across
something intriguing --

a sun-bleached skull
from a bull elephant

who'd died two years earlier,

but with tusks so heavy,
I could barely lift them.

♪♪

It's rare to find a carcass
with its ivory still intact.

What's so exciting about that
is in what it represents.

It means that no one has been
here for at least two years.

But something
just didn't add up.

DERECK: We had too many bones

for this to be
from one elephant.

As we looked around,

we found enough to make up
two huge bull elephants,

a literal killing field,
but with a difference --

absolutely no sign of man.

♪♪

You can age an elephant
by its molar teeth,

and these bulls were old.

But still, at around 70, they
had a few years left to live.

They both died in exactly
the same place at the same time.

Usually, that would mean
poaching.

But why would these two bulls
still have their ivory?

It was a mystery that would
change the course of our lives

over the next few months.

We decided to reconstruct
their lives.

As we left the grave site,
we didn't feel sad.

Out here, you learn that
a natural death like these,

elephants that die
with their ivory,

is rare and a celebration,
as it should be.

Dust to dust.

The soul of the elephant
at peace.

♪♪

This is a magical place,
the Selinda Spillway,

a wave of rivers that snake away
from the Okavango Delta

and join the northern rivers
in Botswana,

ultimately feeding
into the great Zambezi.

So, to understand the lives
of the two bulls,

we've decided to paddle from one
end of this river to the other.

It would have been
their home range

from their birthplace
to their final resting place.

BEVERLY: Very shallow here.

DERECK: Starting to get
into that yellow water

that we saw from the air.

[ Bird chirping ]

We'll also survey the carcasses
we find

to thoroughly understand
poaching levels, hunting,

and other influences of man.

For the next few months,
we'll paddle and walk,

explore the river and its banks

as it cuts through the largest
elephant populations

in the world.

[ Elephant trumpets ]

[ Rumbling ]

The mystery of the two bulls
still works inside my head.

♪♪

They were born over 70 years ago

into a very different world.

There would have been over
5 million elephants then.

We were waging a world war

as a 250-pound baby

fought his own first battle
against gravity

to stand

and his mother diligently
cleaned away the placenta

to hide the scent

and to protect him
from lions and hyenas.

[ Elephant rumbles ]

♪♪

Each baby born then
had less than a 10% chance

of making it
past our guns and snares

to the age of the two old bulls.

But both somehow survived.

BEVERLY: I've also been thinking
about those first steps.

Soon after birth, a mother takes
her newborn into the herd.

The family gently adjusts pace

for the smallest, shortest,
newest legs.

Within hours, he is their
much-celebrated new baby

that everyone wants to greet and
to get to know and to protect.

♪♪

This social world he is
introduced to

will help him develop into one
of the most intelligent

and sensitive beings
on the planet.

[ Rumbling ]

♪♪

[ Rumbles ]

[ Bird chirping ]

The pace of a herd is
misleadingly slow.

They cover huge distances
at an apparent stroll.

But a quick nap while
standing up

disorientates him.

[ Birds calling ]

That's the time to panic.

[ Adult rumbling ]

[ Rumbling continues ]

He's a miniature elephant
in a world of giants

and on strange, slippery
terrain.

[ Adult rumbles ]

Even at his age, days old,

he would have understood
the ways of elephants,

to recover from any indignity
with aggression.

[ Adult rumbling ]

Charge at egrets,

charge at shadows, but charge
whenever you can.

[ Trumpets ]

♪♪

[ Rumbling ]

At his mother's side,
an amazing lesson begins.

He wants milk now,

having survived his near-death
experience

with shadows and demons,

but she withholds
his privileges.

♪♪

He needs to strengthen his bond
with her.

And with elephants,
that early imprinting is vital.

He is frustrated.

He wants that milk.

But colossal legs
outsmart his every move.

It's only when his temper
tantrum passes

that he is allowed in.

His constant pounding away
yields results,

and milk squirts out.

These are the intimate lives of
elephants we often forget about

when we see them just as
falling numbers on a chart.

The water's deep enough
for the hippo here.

DERECK: It's on the next bend.

BEVERLY: It's two weeks in,
and we have a problem already.

We know enough
from 30 years of filming them

exactly what is going on.

DERECK: There, up ahead --
hippos fighting.

BEVERLY: This narrow channel
is not big enough

for us and angry hippos.

Better go around them.

It's time to get out
of the deep water.

Dereck is always keen
to give it a try.

But it really is time
to find an alternative route.

Our reluctant captain checks
the GPS

and plots another course,

except there isn't really
an alternative

but to pull our canoe and gear
through the backwaters

and shallows, where we can,
at least, see hippos coming.

Very shallow here.

DERECK: So much for paddling
down the river.

BEVERLY: If anything goes wrong,

we'll need to be airlifted
by helicopter from here.

It's over five days' drive
to the nearest town.

DERECK: All right, well done.

BEVERLY: All right.

DERECK: In the backwaters,
we find another skull.

A submerged skull gives us
very little to go on.

It's like coaxing stories

out of spirits.

But the clues are all there.

The lower jaw indicates it was
only about 25 years old.

We always replace each bone

exactly as we find it,
out of respect.

The sloping forehead tells us
it was a young bull.

The tusks have not
been chopped out.

We write it up as another
natural death

in a watery grave.

There is a richness
to life here,

but none quite as dramatic

as what we finally come across
downstream.

♪♪

Just ahead, we see our first
living elephants in weeks.

The phantoms of this expedition

are actually real at last.

♪♪

We also get a rare private view
of wild elephants.

A little like looking in through
a bedroom window.

[ Elephant snoring ]

And actually,
elephants do snore.

The wind changes,
swirling our scent towards them,

and it seems
they know that smell.

[ Trumpets ]

[ Rumbling ]

Our only defense
in this shallow water

is to keep dead still.

[ Elephant trumpets ]

And perfectly quiet.

[ Rumbling ]

[ Trumpets ]

There's always a heavy sleeper.

Caught off guard,
they're the most dangerous --

more prone to panic
and to charge.

[ Trumpets ]

♪♪

Now, these are moments I love.

There is something hypnotic

about being in the path
of a charging elephant --

something dangerous,
but peaceful, beautiful.

Time warps.

You focus on the dance
of their ears.

And sound dulls because you
believe he'll stop,

but you don't know it for sure.

It's strange that you feel
most alive when you face death.

[ Rumbles ]

[ Rumbling ]

And when it's over,

I find myself strangely relaxed,

privileged at having been
face-to-face with an elephant.

[ Rumbling ]

Any disturbance ripples through
the herds,

and they stop as one

in what we call a freeze.

[ Insects chirping ]

The leader gives an order
and releases them

with another ultrasonic call
to move on.

[ Trumpets ]

That order sends them

back our way.

[ Trumpets ]

[ Rumbling ]

[ Trumpets ]

But it breaks our hearts to see
each herd we approach

disappear like ghosts

before we can even get to know
them

or even count them.

♪♪

[ Mooing ]

Perhaps it isn't entirely
our fault.

Within minutes, we find out
that the animals here

may be upset for a different
reason.

There are lions hunting
in the dusk.

[ Mooing ]

[ Lion growling ]

[ Mooing ]

Lions are unafraid of the most
dangerous of prey

and the largest.

But old bull elephants

are the true omnipotent rulers
of the savannas,

not even pausing
to look at the carnage.

Certainly it wasn't lions that
brought down the two old bulls

we found over a month ago now.

♪♪

[ Elephant rumbles ]

Our nights under a flimsy tent

are filled with sounds
that light up the imagination.

[ Various animal calls ]

We dream of giants

moving as silently
as ghost ships under sail.

[ Animals calling ]

BEVERLY: Looks like there's
a skull over there.

The skull of an elephant.
Looks typical.

DERECK: Yeah,
let's go down there.

BEVERLY: We heard them calling
all night,

and now we understand why.

It's one of those gatherings
we think are like burial rituals

or wakes.

DERECK: Let's see what happens
here.

That looks like the --
over there

'cause there are all those
females next to it.

[ Rumbling ]

♪♪

BEVERLY: We want to be quiet,
respectful,

but we still feel like intruders
on a family in mourning.

When she lifts the body,

she may be looking, searching
for the cause of death.

[ Elephant exhales ]

So much attention is given
to the ivory,

as if it is the very symbol
of that elephant --

the embodiment
of an elephant's soul.

♪♪

Their brains are almost
five times the size of ours.

There is no doubt that they
are feeling emotions,

and I wonder what information
they are getting

as their trunks delicately hover
over the remains.

♪♪

Did they know the dead elephant?

Was it a family member?

Is this curiosity
or remembrance?

[ Rumbling ]

As we intrude
just a little longer,

we can see that it
was a young bull.

Cause of death could have been
just like many a young bull --

raging testosterone.

[ Trumpeting ]

[ Rumbling ]

DERECK: There is a saying
in Africa

that when two elephants fight,

it's the ground beneath them
that suffers the most.

[ Trumpeting continues ]

But a misplaced tusk,
a broken leg,

and either young bull
will end up

as bleached skin and bones
under the harsh African sky.

[ Trumpeting continues ]

♪♪

[ Rumbling ]

[ Trumpeting ]

The threats are
not just from humans.

As we leave, we understand

that for our two old bulls
to have survived,

they would have had to also

make it through this intense
phase of their lives.

It's sizzling hot now --
over 100 degrees Fahrenheit.

That should make everyone
lethargic.

Or so you'd think.

In some cases, it just makes
them cranky.

When elephants really mean
to attack,

they approach with a side-on
strut

and then dip their heads
for the charge.

[ Trumpeting ]

While they're flapping ears
and trumpeting, we're okay.

It's when they go quiet
and drop that head

that it could go either way.

[ Trumpeting ]

There is a subtle language
to all of this.

[ Trumpets ]

BEVERLY: Gotta be careful
if we're underneath

the bird's perch --
like that one.

DERECK: You see that
under my feet.

We're drifting over a submerged
acacia tree.

[ Branches snapping ]

It breaks the silence.

The herd's suddenly wary.

We can't backpedal

without becoming
even more obvious to them.

♪♪

Beverly's instinct
is to crouch down

and record the sound
of the bulls coming in

'cause she knows this is gonna
be very loud.

[ Trumpeting ]

♪♪

Too close.

[ Trumpeting ]

There's only one thing to do...

stare him down.

Elephants are so used to being
dominant

that when something
doesn't run off,

they sometimes feel intimidated,
unsettled.

Confidence is the only weapon
we have.

[ Rumbling ]

These elephants
are wild and angry,

unlike earlier ones
that just disappeared.

[ Trumpeting ]

They're charging like crazy
from every direction,

around every bend in the river.

[ Trumpeting ]

[ Trumpets ]

BEVERLY: Whew, that was close.

DERECK: Not far downstream,

we understand exactly why.

Piles of skulls lie scattered
all around.

BEVERLY: Look at this --
from the teeth,

it doesn't look very old.

DERECK: This one's got
lots of teeth.

BEVERLY: Look.
Look at this one, too, this...

Wow.

He was shot...

DERECK: Until 2014, hunting of
elephants was legal here.

Have been in here.

Hunters were only allowed
to shoot males,

but we uncover female skulls
as well.

Given what we now know,

it must be deeply traumatic
for elephants

when they stumble across
these piles of discarded bones.

BEVERLY: This is
a killing field.

DERECK: It explains why

at the start
of each hunting season,

elephants would leave
hunting areas.

They must know
what we do to them.

♪♪

The two old bulls were lucky
to escape this era as well.

♪♪

It feels like we're
in hostile territory.

[ Hippo calling ]

We decide to quietly

follow the family just ahead.

If the Egyptian geese

can navigate hippo waters,

so can we.

[ Hippos calling ]

Hippos tend to go
to the deep water...

...and then come up anywhere.

It's like walking
through a mine field.

We both silently push back
the words

swirling around in our heads...

[ Hippo calling ]

...that hippos kill more people
in Africa than other animal.

Staying calm
is our best weapon.

We try not to look
into the black water

for monsters
that may not even be there.

But this river is full
of surprises.

♪♪

They emerged from the swamps
50 million years ago

and became creatures that ruled
the world

from Africa to Asia,

and even into the Americas,

from coast to coast,
mountains to deserts.

♪♪

And today, they are as at home
in the water as ever.

These water dances
are playful games,

but with an undercurrent of
testing wits and strengths.

[ Rumbling ]

♪♪

They're not used to people
approaching on water,

so we decide to drift in

while they're distracted

by the calm bulls
playing nearby.

[ Rumbling ]

The story of elephants
is also the story of water.

Botswana has over one-third of
the world's elephants today,

thriving here for many reasons.

Abundant water may be
the most important of them.

Even the big males barely
give us a second glance

as they glide by.

♪♪

And as the heat relaxes its grip
on everything,

we sit silently,
reluctant to return to normal,

and realize that what we've been
affected by all of this as well.

It's intoxicating.

[ Animals calling ]

BEVERLY: Oh,
this will guide us in.

DERECK: This is bliss.

BEVERLY: Truly, yes.

DERECK: Our camp tonight will be
under the full moon

and in the company of magical
beasts

in fairy tale moonbeams --

remnants of a time past,
perhaps.

[ Rumbling ]

We realize
that we have tapped in

to that ancient heartbeat
of the elephant,

the very soul of who they are.

[ Rumbling ]

And we definitely know

that when we spend time
with elephants,

we come away somehow better.

♪♪

[ Birds calling ]

Go forward on your side?

BEVERLY: It's hard to see.
The water's so black.

BEVERLY: We're driven
by the hope that today will be

at least as good as yesterday.

So no dawn is left to rise
without us.

[ Rumbling ]

We're more than a month in.

From early morning
through the midday heat

and until late at night,

the river is packed
with elephants.

As we drift alongside them now

day after day,

we seem to have cracked
some kind of elephant code,

and we can get in close.

[ Rumbling ]

We can see details
we didn't before.

We soak up the closeness,

the smell, the trust,

and feel the beat of their
silent calls in our chests.

It's euphoric

being in the accepting presence
of these animals.

[ Rumbling ]

With the elephants this calm,

Dereck wants to experience
that closeness even more.

The more we do this,

the more we embed ourselves
into their culture,

we imagine for a moment

that we thoroughly
understand them.

And then, for some reason,

they all suddenly head away
from the river at this point.

♪♪

DERECK: We're now close enough
to get our plane

to get an overview
and find out exactly why.

Floating over Botswana
is magical.

I love Africa from the air.

What looks like random paths
from the ground

magically form into
well-organized patterns

from the air.

Ancient networks of paths

once connected water holes
across the continent.

They lead elephants out across
the grasslands,

herd after herd
following behind their mothers

and the memories
of their ancestors

in the never-ending search

that drives elephants.

♪♪

[ Rumbling ]

We can now recognize individual
elephants,

like this one-tusker
and her family,

as they etch their own stories
into the paths with their feet.

[ Rumbling ]

Botswana's elephants
have very small tusks.

The water here has
little mineral value,

so tusks are brittle.

It may be a saving grace.

[ Birds chirping ]

[ Rumbling ]

Being a tuskless elephant
may actually be an advantage

in the future.

Virtually every family here

has at least one
tuskless female.

They leave the rivers here

for something other
than water --

salt.

Elephants need almost a
quarter-pound of salt every day,

and this is the only place
to find it.

They probe and prospect
for tiny crystals,

an almost impossible task
without fingers,

you would think.

But with at least 60,000 muscles
in their trunks,

elephants can pick out a crystal
and work it loose.

If need be, they use heavier
equipment.

Then they just work whole clods
into their mouths

to swallow,
and rely on efficient stomachs

to filter out the good stuff.

The trunk defines elephants.

It's their tool for digging,
breaking,

smelling, investigating --

always alive, always moving...

just like them.

♪♪

We can sense the two bulls
leaving these ancient digs.

20 years ago, they would have
been in search of something

even more important than salt
to securing their future.

To mate, both males and females

need to be in sync.

The male musth
happens once a year.

The tiny tuskless calf
is also in heat,

and he's not about
to let her get away.

[ Trumpets ]

22 months from now,

he could have an heir.

She may still be a teenager,

but she knows how to send

secret messages of seduction.

The only clues are
in her soundless open mouth

and flapping ears.

[ Rumbling ]

A series of six calls,

so low in frequency
we can't normally hear them.

[ Rumbling ]

This will attract every mating
male within 10 miles of here

to contest for the right

to pass his genes on to the next
generation of Selinda elephants.

[ Birds chirping ]

Elephants create a ripple effect
of advantage to others.

A pied kingfisher finds them
useful as a perch.

[ Rumbling ]

She's watching out
for small fish,

but elephants
have sensitive skins.

They hate biting flies...

and, apparently,
the feel of a kingfisher.

There is a time for babies
to just follow along

and a time for them to play

and enjoy the slippery feeling
of fine mud under their feet.

But this is not one of them.

We know from working with lions

just how quickly the see
an opportunity and react.

The baby is down,

floundering, drowning.

[ Trumpeting ]

♪♪

The lions are waiting here.

They know the hazards.

[ Trumpeting ]

And these lions
are not afraid of water.

♪♪

Lions don't give up easily.

They'll circle back
to this crossing point later.

Despite the swirling scent
of lions,

the calm crossings
are methodical.

Elephants just don't like
congestion, stress.

Each herd leaves enough space
ahead and behind.

♪♪

These gatherings and long lines
of elephant families,

floating across the landscape

in and out of the sparkling
floodplains,

are very typical of the freedom
of Botswana for elephants...

the freedom to come and go
almost endlessly,

to feel the weightlessness
of their huge bodies in water.

This opportunity gives us a rare
chance to see them at play,

but from inside their world

as swamp creatures.

They always maintain

the integrity of their family
groups,

keeping separate by just enough

so their young don't mingle
and get lost,

and yet close enough to stay
in touch as a herd --

as a clan of elephants.

At times, these clans will
gather at crossings

in numbers
of well over 400 elephants

along the Selinda Spillway.

♪♪

Keeping those families intact

in a huge herd like this
can be a challenge.

[ Rumbling ]

A cow has lost her calf

right at the vulnerable
crossing point.

After doing the very first
studies and films

on lions attacking elephants,

we can virtually replay it
from memory.

First, a lost calf panics
and calls out.

[ Calf trumpets ]

[ Adult trumpets ]

The lions respond.

They circle and attack
from behind.

[ Calf trumpets ]

The mother, just like this one
today, goes frantic.

It only adds to the confusion.

And confusion is exactly what
lions want.

[ Trumpeting ]

[ Growling ]

Today, it is different.

[ Trumpeting ]

And the nightmare is prevented
when the mother gets there

just in time to mount
a daring rescue.

[ Trumpeting ]

[ Trumpeting ]

[ Trumpeting ]

[ Trumpeting continues ]

With the rescued calf in tow,

she now has to make up ground

to join the rest of the herd.

[ Rumbling ]

But elephants are nothing if not
compassionate and understanding.

The herd has waited for her
to resolve her problem

and sets off again.

[ Rumbling ]

BEVERLY: After the excitement
with the lions,

there is a palpable change
in atmosphere,

as if the herd understands
the need for balance.

It goes from high stress

to a little fun.

Of course, it's about covering
themselves against biting flies

and cooling.

But from down here,

it looks almost tempting
and definitely fun.

There is not much
of the world left

that can make you feel
like this

at this relaxed place

where elephants are what they
have always been

on their terms.

[ Trumpets ]

[ Trumpets ]

A coating of dust dries the mud.

When it cracks and falls off,

it takes the ticks and other
parasites along with it.

[ Rumbling ]

[ Trumpets ]

The security of being
in the fold once again

allows the calf to shake off
his encounter with the lions

and cover his superficial
wounds.

DERECK: Following that unending
cycle of dust to dust,

one day we find some elephants
veering off track.

The leaders pad across country
with purpose.

[ Rumbling ]

Her soul long departed,

she lies as a gentle reminder
to her clan of who she was,

her long life, her successes,

her rescues, her compassion,
and the days spent together

in the mud and the dust.

[ Rumbling ]

♪♪

How she died, we'll never know.

Perhaps she just ran out
of time.

As they bob and weave
around her,

we're reminded that they are
sentient beings,

thinking thoughts, having ideas.

Touch, smell, remember, think.

All you ever need to know

to be inside of an elephant's
head at these moments.

♪♪

Herd after herd come in,

with just enough time between
each wave

for us to place some cameras
and to disguise our scent.

[ Elephant trumpets ]

At the last minute, I remember

that actually turning
the camera on may be useful.

[ Elephant rumbles ]

♪♪

We were able to capture the most
intimate views

we've ever seen
of an elephant wake --

so close, neither of us
wants to breathe,

break the spell.

[ Elephant rumbles ]

♪♪

[ Elephant rumbles ]

[ Elephant rumbles ]

And right here, we've seen

that something special

that we both love about Africa
at its best,

a skull with its ivory intact --

pure, the way it should be,

absolutely worthless.

I like that ivory is worthless.

The only value should be
as a beacon of memory

to the elephant clan
she was once a part of.

♪♪

[ Rumbling ]

BEVERLY:
What legacy is left behind?

As I stand and think
about the romance of our lives,

these magical moments remind me

of the ripples we cause
around us.

I hope that our own legacy

walking in the footsteps
of these bulls

can make a difference.

They could have walked
right by here one day,

even fed on the tree
I'm standing under.

After the sixth set of molars
wears out,

their lives are over.

As it nears that time,
they pick food carefully,

saving those precious teeth.

The story of elephants
may be all about ivory,

but it should only be
about their teeth.

[ Thunder rumbling ]

[ Crashing ]

DERECK: The lashing rain
triggers respite for elephants

and their teeth.

They scoop up
the soft green grass

and shovel it down
for 16 hours a day.

We remember the teeth
of the bulls.

They still had years to go.

As we follow the elephants
into the open,

we have a flash of inspiration.

[ Trumpeting ]

Elephants often go to water

to get out of the stinging rain
on their sensitive skins.

They could have been struck down
instantly by lightning.

It's the best answer we can find

for two bulls struck dead
together

with their tusks intact.

These phantoms have somehow
become real to us --

no longer apparitions
in the half-light.

They're living beings

with full lives

and even, quite possibly, souls.

It feels like we knew them
as newborn babies,

at play in the fields
of paradise.

We've filled in the gaps
of these gentle

seven-ton giants' lives,

companions for life.

BEVERLY: Over and over,
we find the same evidence.

Botswana is one of the few
places on the planet

where elephants can still
live out a natural life.

DERECK: We're obsessed now

with coaxing these secret
stories from the bones.

She was probably a matriarch
with unusually long tusks.

Like others here, she enjoyed

the vast freedom of a protected
land in Botswana.

But we were also shocked
by the fact

that since you started watching
this film,

five elephants were killed

simply for their tusks.

It's not their ivory
that will enrich us.

We'll find far greater
enchantment

in the journey of life
they will lead us on.

Whether they survive long enough

for us to really
get to know them

depends entirely
on what we can learn

about the very soul
of the elephant.

♪♪

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