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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:01,068 --> 00:00:03,335 ♪ 2 00:00:03,337 --> 00:00:08,240 Narrator: An elaborate complex that continues to mystify. 3 00:00:08,242 --> 00:00:09,875 Meigs: As you go down this tunnel, 4 00:00:09,877 --> 00:00:12,511 There's hardly room for a human to fit through. 5 00:00:12,513 --> 00:00:15,414 You start to feel the heat rising. 6 00:00:15,416 --> 00:00:17,049 ♪ 7 00:00:17,051 --> 00:00:21,253 Narrator: An american colossus carved into the bay. 8 00:00:21,255 --> 00:00:23,288 Bell: There's a real spooky feeling, 9 00:00:23,290 --> 00:00:26,458 Especially when the mist is just hanging over it. 10 00:00:26,460 --> 00:00:28,394 It's almost like a ghost workforce 11 00:00:28,396 --> 00:00:31,363 Has vanished from sight. 12 00:00:31,365 --> 00:00:36,635 Narrator: An apparent paradise masking a history of violence. 13 00:00:36,637 --> 00:00:39,471 Auerbach: And some of these drawings are made in blood, 14 00:00:39,473 --> 00:00:41,540 Hinting at the island's dark past. 15 00:00:41,542 --> 00:00:46,445 ♪ 16 00:00:46,447 --> 00:00:49,448 Narrator: Engineering marvels now abandoned. 17 00:00:49,450 --> 00:00:52,684 Ruins shrouded in mystery. 18 00:00:52,686 --> 00:00:57,222 Within these decaying structures are the echoes of history. 19 00:00:57,224 --> 00:01:00,359 They speak of death and destruction, 20 00:01:00,361 --> 00:01:04,863 But also human ingenuity and endeavor. 21 00:01:04,865 --> 00:01:08,567 Each haunted shell ready to be unmasked 22 00:01:08,569 --> 00:01:11,637 And tell its own unique story. 23 00:01:11,639 --> 00:01:14,640 -- Captions by vitac -- www.Vitac.Com 24 00:01:14,642 --> 00:01:17,643 Captions paid for by discovery communications 25 00:01:17,645 --> 00:01:21,246 [ rumbling, crumbling ] 26 00:01:21,248 --> 00:01:24,283 ♪ 27 00:01:24,285 --> 00:01:27,453 ♪ 28 00:01:27,455 --> 00:01:30,155 Narrator: In the lichtenburg district of berlin, 29 00:01:30,157 --> 00:01:32,057 Capital city of germany, 30 00:01:32,059 --> 00:01:37,096 An imposing gray wall lines an otherwise typical street. 31 00:01:40,067 --> 00:01:42,267 We don't really think about what horrors 32 00:01:42,269 --> 00:01:45,204 Might have happened behind the walls right beside us. 33 00:01:45,206 --> 00:01:48,040 It looks ominous, and you know intuitively 34 00:01:48,042 --> 00:01:51,210 That you wouldn't want to be on the other side of that wall. 35 00:01:51,212 --> 00:01:54,012 You can't go by without asking yourself, 36 00:01:54,014 --> 00:01:57,249 "what did people have to do to get locked up 37 00:01:57,251 --> 00:02:00,252 In a horrible place like that?" 38 00:02:00,254 --> 00:02:03,755 Narrator: Inside, long corridors are lined 39 00:02:03,757 --> 00:02:06,625 With bars and thick gray doors. 40 00:02:14,101 --> 00:02:18,637 A few miles away, intrinsically linked to this complex 41 00:02:18,639 --> 00:02:21,440 Is an innocuous looking tower block. 42 00:02:21,442 --> 00:02:23,142 These hallways and offices, 43 00:02:23,144 --> 00:02:27,746 They seem almost deliberately bland, faceless, anonymous. 44 00:02:27,748 --> 00:02:29,148 Nusbacher: It could be the offices 45 00:02:29,150 --> 00:02:31,884 Of a third-rate office supplies company. 46 00:02:31,886 --> 00:02:35,921 It's banal, it's cold, it's dull. 47 00:02:35,923 --> 00:02:39,892 Narrator: On closer inspection, the interiors of these offices 48 00:02:39,894 --> 00:02:43,262 Could have come straight from a set of a spy movie. 49 00:02:43,264 --> 00:02:46,532 You do see a lot of equipment -- old-fashioned equipment 50 00:02:46,534 --> 00:02:48,834 And various electronic devices. 51 00:02:48,836 --> 00:02:53,572 Nusbacher: This isn't just an office where people do something productive. 52 00:02:53,574 --> 00:02:58,143 This is an office where people pry and spy 53 00:02:58,145 --> 00:03:03,182 And look into things that perhaps ought to be left alone. 54 00:03:03,184 --> 00:03:07,452 Narrator: How are these contrasting complexes connected? 55 00:03:07,454 --> 00:03:09,221 Who was based here? 56 00:03:09,223 --> 00:03:12,057 And what was their ultimate purpose? 57 00:03:12,059 --> 00:03:15,594 ♪ 58 00:03:15,596 --> 00:03:18,764 This high-walled complex still sends shudders 59 00:03:18,766 --> 00:03:21,934 Down the spine of many germans. 60 00:03:21,936 --> 00:03:26,371 Among them is former inmate peter keup. 61 00:03:26,373 --> 00:03:30,876 At the age of just 22, peter was bundled into one of these vans 62 00:03:30,878 --> 00:03:33,946 And locked in a cell the size of a cupboard, 63 00:03:33,948 --> 00:03:38,083 No idea where he was going and what fate awaited him. 64 00:03:50,764 --> 00:03:53,832 Narrator: After four hours locked in this van, 65 00:03:53,834 --> 00:03:57,436 Peter was brought to a stark facility. 66 00:03:57,438 --> 00:03:59,771 So, what was peter's crime? 67 00:03:59,773 --> 00:04:02,975 And whose betrayal was behind his capture? 68 00:04:05,379 --> 00:04:07,646 Nusbacher: We hear a lot about the berlin wall, 69 00:04:07,648 --> 00:04:09,681 And, of course, that was significant, 70 00:04:09,683 --> 00:04:14,086 But the entire border between east germany 71 00:04:14,088 --> 00:04:17,522 And its neighbors was heavily fortified. 72 00:04:17,524 --> 00:04:19,191 ♪ 73 00:04:19,193 --> 00:04:22,127 Narrator: Peter was trying to escape east germany 74 00:04:22,129 --> 00:04:25,931 By crossing the border into neighboring czechoslovakia. 75 00:04:25,933 --> 00:04:29,301 Nusbacher: It was hard to get from any part of 76 00:04:29,303 --> 00:04:33,372 East germany into west germany or czechoslovakia 77 00:04:33,374 --> 00:04:39,177 Or anywhere that might make it easier to get to the west. 78 00:04:39,179 --> 00:04:43,181 Narrator: East germany was turned into one giant prison. 79 00:04:43,183 --> 00:04:47,719 The reason it developed this way goes back to its birth. 80 00:04:47,721 --> 00:04:49,521 After world war ii, 81 00:04:49,523 --> 00:04:54,559 It was agreed nazi germany would be divided into occupied zones. 82 00:04:54,561 --> 00:04:58,397 The east would come under soviet control. 83 00:04:58,399 --> 00:05:00,999 Nusbacher: The communist regime of east germany 84 00:05:01,001 --> 00:05:06,405 Discovered very early on that moscow, their soviet overlords, 85 00:05:06,407 --> 00:05:09,174 Would not tolerate anything 86 00:05:09,176 --> 00:05:15,580 Other than unthinking obedience to moscow's rule. 87 00:05:15,582 --> 00:05:18,383 But they're going to exceed the soviet union 88 00:05:18,385 --> 00:05:20,285 In their devotion to communism. 89 00:05:20,287 --> 00:05:23,922 They're going to exceed stalin in their work 90 00:05:23,924 --> 00:05:27,025 To create the new socialist man. 91 00:05:27,027 --> 00:05:28,360 And to do so, 92 00:05:28,362 --> 00:05:31,563 You have to control every aspect of people's life. 93 00:05:31,565 --> 00:05:33,799 That is the job of the stasi. 94 00:05:33,801 --> 00:05:37,402 ♪ 95 00:05:37,404 --> 00:05:42,107 Narrator: This complex is the stasi's central remand prison. 96 00:05:42,109 --> 00:05:44,943 Peter was one of many picked up by the stasi, 97 00:05:44,945 --> 00:05:49,181 Who were attempting to control a population of 18 million 98 00:05:49,183 --> 00:05:53,118 And prevent them escaping to the west. 99 00:05:53,120 --> 00:05:56,054 The state security services 100 00:05:56,056 --> 00:06:00,525 Comprised a force of over a quarter of a million people, 101 00:06:00,527 --> 00:06:04,029 And this was essentially the political police 102 00:06:04,031 --> 00:06:05,897 To enforce conformity 103 00:06:05,899 --> 00:06:08,767 To the communist regime in east germany. 104 00:06:08,769 --> 00:06:13,171 This is a state that is utterly repressive. 105 00:06:13,173 --> 00:06:18,076 Narrator: Once incarcerated, inmates were kept in total isolation. 106 00:06:27,488 --> 00:06:31,423 Narrator: With no contact with anyone, including family, 107 00:06:31,425 --> 00:06:35,327 This was part of the stasi's interrogation technique. 108 00:06:35,329 --> 00:06:40,031 Nusbacher: The stasi would isolate people with no other human contact, 109 00:06:40,033 --> 00:06:43,301 Rob them of an understanding of day and night, 110 00:06:43,303 --> 00:06:45,737 When their meals were going to come, 111 00:06:45,739 --> 00:06:49,241 And most important, rob them of sleep. 112 00:06:49,243 --> 00:06:51,376 Narrator: The man behind peter's arrest 113 00:06:51,378 --> 00:06:55,480 And pulling the strings was erich mielke. 114 00:06:55,482 --> 00:06:58,083 He was the head of the stasi. 115 00:06:58,085 --> 00:07:00,552 He was a very bland, 116 00:07:00,554 --> 00:07:04,055 Very unremarkable government bureaucrat 117 00:07:04,057 --> 00:07:07,893 Who ruled over one of the most frightening 118 00:07:07,895 --> 00:07:12,130 And intrusive secret polices ever known in the world. 119 00:07:12,132 --> 00:07:13,965 ♪ 120 00:07:13,967 --> 00:07:16,134 Narrator: Just minutes away from the prison 121 00:07:16,136 --> 00:07:18,303 Was mielke's seat of power -- 122 00:07:18,305 --> 00:07:21,072 The nerve center of the stasi state. 123 00:07:32,519 --> 00:07:35,754 Meigs: The stasi headquarters was, in a way, 124 00:07:35,756 --> 00:07:38,590 The most important building in east germany. 125 00:07:38,592 --> 00:07:41,893 It was entirely focused on controlling the population, 126 00:07:41,895 --> 00:07:43,662 Gathering as much information 127 00:07:43,664 --> 00:07:47,532 About the most intimate details of people's lives. 128 00:07:47,534 --> 00:07:51,169 Narrator: With construction complete in 1961, 129 00:07:51,171 --> 00:07:53,672 This complex functioned as the nerve center 130 00:07:53,674 --> 00:07:59,077 For a surveillance state on an unprecedented scale. 131 00:07:59,079 --> 00:08:01,613 They needed to know what was happening in your apartment, 132 00:08:01,615 --> 00:08:04,683 In your house, in your factory, in your school, 133 00:08:04,685 --> 00:08:07,586 And they had spies in all those places. 134 00:08:07,588 --> 00:08:11,623 Narrator: That meant collating a truly massive archive. 135 00:08:11,625 --> 00:08:15,494 Two to three percent of the population is actually paid 136 00:08:15,496 --> 00:08:18,930 To inform on their neighbors, their classmates, 137 00:08:18,932 --> 00:08:22,601 Their work colleagues to inform the state security 138 00:08:22,603 --> 00:08:25,537 As to what people are thinking. 139 00:08:25,539 --> 00:08:27,672 And they kept vast files. 140 00:08:27,674 --> 00:08:32,110 Everything that you want to know about 18 million people 141 00:08:32,112 --> 00:08:34,379 Is kept in the stasi headquarters. 142 00:08:34,381 --> 00:08:38,083 Narrator: However, by the late 1980s, 143 00:08:38,085 --> 00:08:42,754 Momentum was shifting, dissidence snowballing. 144 00:08:42,756 --> 00:08:45,524 Among those members of the stasi on the ground 145 00:08:45,526 --> 00:08:48,193 Trying desperately to maintain order 146 00:08:48,195 --> 00:08:50,028 Was none other than the current 147 00:08:50,030 --> 00:08:52,797 Russian president vladimir putin. 148 00:08:52,799 --> 00:08:55,800 Corum: Very often the k.G.B. Would would use the stasi 149 00:08:55,802 --> 00:08:58,370 In some cases to influence the west, 150 00:08:58,372 --> 00:09:01,139 To carry out espionage operations. 151 00:09:01,141 --> 00:09:02,974 But they're also supervising 152 00:09:02,976 --> 00:09:06,778 And keeping close contact of the stasi's activities 153 00:09:06,780 --> 00:09:09,514 Against any dissidence in east germany. 154 00:09:09,516 --> 00:09:14,286 In dresden, the head of the k.G.B. Branch office 155 00:09:14,288 --> 00:09:19,357 Is vladimir putin, who is a career k.G.B. Officer. 156 00:09:19,359 --> 00:09:21,293 Narrator: But for how long could putin 157 00:09:21,295 --> 00:09:24,162 And the stasi maintain control, 158 00:09:24,164 --> 00:09:28,233 And what would happen to their vast classified archive? 159 00:09:34,808 --> 00:09:41,880 ♪ 160 00:09:41,882 --> 00:09:44,616 Narrator: After months of civil unrest, 161 00:09:44,618 --> 00:09:50,455 The berlin wall came crashing down on November 9, 1989. 162 00:09:50,457 --> 00:09:53,091 As well as a wave of euphoria, 163 00:09:53,093 --> 00:09:56,227 People began to turn their anger and frustration 164 00:09:56,229 --> 00:10:00,565 Against the state, and in particular, the stasi. 165 00:10:00,567 --> 00:10:03,902 In January of 1990, something incredible happened. 166 00:10:03,904 --> 00:10:06,738 The public had this idea that the records contained 167 00:10:06,740 --> 00:10:09,708 In the stasi headquarters were gonna be destroyed, 168 00:10:09,710 --> 00:10:12,844 And they wanted these records preserved. 169 00:10:12,846 --> 00:10:15,747 They went and they occupied the building and they insisted 170 00:10:15,749 --> 00:10:18,283 That the government preserve what had happened here. 171 00:10:18,285 --> 00:10:20,418 They wanted to give some kind of a testimony 172 00:10:20,420 --> 00:10:22,020 To what they lived through, 173 00:10:22,022 --> 00:10:24,089 And they felt that if the records were gone, 174 00:10:24,091 --> 00:10:25,824 There would be no way to document 175 00:10:25,826 --> 00:10:27,792 These generations of injustice. 176 00:10:27,794 --> 00:10:29,761 ♪ 177 00:10:29,763 --> 00:10:32,497 Narrator: Meanwhile, the prison closed its gates 178 00:10:32,499 --> 00:10:34,966 As the stasi was dissolved. 179 00:10:34,968 --> 00:10:39,104 Mielke was publicly disgraced live on television, 180 00:10:39,106 --> 00:10:43,308 And he himself faced the inside of a prison cell. 181 00:10:43,310 --> 00:10:47,912 Then, from 1992, the records were declassified, 182 00:10:47,914 --> 00:10:51,816 And people like peter could finally access their files. 183 00:11:02,229 --> 00:11:04,529 Narrator: But the most extraordinary discovery 184 00:11:04,531 --> 00:11:06,865 Peter made was more recent -- 185 00:11:06,867 --> 00:11:10,068 After his brother died in 2012. 186 00:11:23,850 --> 00:11:26,985 Narrator: Peter's brother was a stasi spy, 187 00:11:26,987 --> 00:11:29,954 Informing on both him and his family. 188 00:11:29,956 --> 00:11:31,656 ♪ 189 00:11:31,658 --> 00:11:34,059 While the wall has long gone, 190 00:11:34,061 --> 00:11:37,228 The victims and perpetrators of this terror state 191 00:11:37,230 --> 00:11:40,165 Still walk and live amongst each other, 192 00:11:40,167 --> 00:11:42,400 The memories still fresh. 193 00:11:53,146 --> 00:11:57,082 ♪ 194 00:11:57,084 --> 00:12:00,485 Narrator: Today, 600 million shreds of paper 195 00:12:00,487 --> 00:12:03,521 From stasi files are being pieced together 196 00:12:03,523 --> 00:12:06,357 Using new computer technology -- 197 00:12:06,359 --> 00:12:09,661 Testament to just how much this still means to those 198 00:12:09,663 --> 00:12:12,664 Who lived in this police state. 199 00:12:12,666 --> 00:12:15,433 Germans desperate to find closure, 200 00:12:15,435 --> 00:12:19,504 To finally know who betrayed them and why. 201 00:12:19,506 --> 00:12:21,673 ♪ 202 00:12:21,675 --> 00:12:24,375 On the west coast of the united states, 203 00:12:24,377 --> 00:12:27,112 Just north of the city of san francisco, 204 00:12:27,114 --> 00:12:30,982 Lies a colossal structure carved into the ground. 205 00:12:30,984 --> 00:12:35,386 ♪ 206 00:12:35,388 --> 00:12:38,189 Bell: It's a long, stadium-like structure 207 00:12:38,191 --> 00:12:40,158 Sitting right next to the water, 208 00:12:40,160 --> 00:12:44,229 And it is enormous -- this vast, empty pit. 209 00:12:44,231 --> 00:12:46,364 ♪ 210 00:12:46,366 --> 00:12:50,034 The entire structure slopes away from you in steps, 211 00:12:50,036 --> 00:12:53,671 Like an inverted mayan pyramid. 212 00:12:53,673 --> 00:12:57,909 Whatever this was built for, this was a serious operation. 213 00:12:57,911 --> 00:12:59,944 ♪ 214 00:12:59,946 --> 00:13:03,214 Narrator: Down at the base of this vast site 215 00:13:03,216 --> 00:13:05,917 Are possible clues to its demise. 216 00:13:05,919 --> 00:13:08,787 It's clearly designed to be a strong structure, 217 00:13:08,789 --> 00:13:10,622 But sort of towards the bottom, 218 00:13:10,624 --> 00:13:14,325 It appears to be made of something quite different. 219 00:13:14,327 --> 00:13:18,930 Scott: The last few steps, they are crumbling away, 220 00:13:18,932 --> 00:13:20,698 And it's just confusing 221 00:13:20,700 --> 00:13:23,868 That they've changed the materials in this way. 222 00:13:23,870 --> 00:13:27,438 Why -- why would you do that? 223 00:13:27,440 --> 00:13:30,341 Narrator: So, was this abandoned before it had time 224 00:13:30,343 --> 00:13:32,410 To prove its worth? 225 00:13:32,412 --> 00:13:35,580 And did it eventually collapse under its own weight? 226 00:13:35,582 --> 00:13:38,416 ♪ 227 00:13:38,418 --> 00:13:43,021 The roots of this structure reach back to the 19th century. 228 00:13:43,023 --> 00:13:46,558 While the east coast was developed and well defended, 229 00:13:46,560 --> 00:13:49,861 The younger west coast cities were catching up, 230 00:13:49,863 --> 00:13:53,932 But this shore was left vulnerable. 231 00:13:53,934 --> 00:13:57,035 As gold is discovered in california, 232 00:13:57,037 --> 00:14:01,306 It becomes more and more important to project power 233 00:14:01,308 --> 00:14:02,841 To the west coast 234 00:14:02,843 --> 00:14:08,046 In order to make sure that nobody comes along and takes it. 235 00:14:08,048 --> 00:14:09,681 It must be defended. 236 00:14:11,952 --> 00:14:15,720 Narrator: With wars being fought against native americans to the north 237 00:14:15,722 --> 00:14:18,790 And others in central america to the south, 238 00:14:18,792 --> 00:14:21,092 Mare island was the obvious site 239 00:14:21,094 --> 00:14:25,063 For the first naval station on the west coast. 240 00:14:25,065 --> 00:14:30,134 But it was the completion of this particular facility in 1891 241 00:14:30,136 --> 00:14:33,805 That would propel the u.S. Into the next century, 242 00:14:33,807 --> 00:14:37,775 As retired engineer bruce christensen explains. 243 00:14:37,777 --> 00:14:40,278 ♪ 244 00:14:40,280 --> 00:14:43,248 This was definitely the dawn of a new era 245 00:14:43,250 --> 00:14:44,682 For the united states navy 246 00:14:44,684 --> 00:14:47,652 In the defense of the united states of america. 247 00:14:47,654 --> 00:14:49,520 ♪ 248 00:14:49,522 --> 00:14:52,857 Narrator: Standing at over 400 feet in length 249 00:14:52,859 --> 00:14:56,394 And taking almost 20 years to construct, 250 00:14:56,396 --> 00:15:00,765 This is mare island's drydock number 1. 251 00:15:00,767 --> 00:15:05,837 The construction of this huge drydock resulted in a new era 252 00:15:05,839 --> 00:15:10,742 To allow ships larger than had ever been allowed before 253 00:15:10,744 --> 00:15:13,745 To dock and be repaired and overhauled. 254 00:15:13,747 --> 00:15:15,713 ♪ 255 00:15:15,715 --> 00:15:18,650 Narrator: It immediately proved invaluable, 256 00:15:18,652 --> 00:15:22,453 Advancing the defensive capability of the west coast. 257 00:15:22,455 --> 00:15:24,188 But an unexpected event 258 00:15:24,190 --> 00:15:27,458 Soon threatened the core of this structure. 259 00:15:27,460 --> 00:15:29,694 The main parts of the structure, these big steps, 260 00:15:29,696 --> 00:15:32,063 Are made of massive blocks of granite, 261 00:15:32,065 --> 00:15:35,066 And all of that granite had to be brought in by ship. 262 00:15:35,068 --> 00:15:37,735 So you can imagine this is a major undertaking. 263 00:15:37,737 --> 00:15:39,237 Scott: Granite is heavy. 264 00:15:39,239 --> 00:15:42,540 Whoever built this, they weren't thinking about saving money. 265 00:15:42,542 --> 00:15:44,876 They were thinking about building a structure 266 00:15:44,878 --> 00:15:47,078 That would last. 267 00:15:47,080 --> 00:15:51,516 Narrator: But the bottom few steps tell a different story. 268 00:15:51,518 --> 00:15:55,520 Nusbacher: When you look at this crumbling of the lowest levels, 269 00:15:55,522 --> 00:15:59,357 You wonder, was it this disintegration 270 00:15:59,359 --> 00:16:01,826 That caused this place to be abandoned? 271 00:16:01,828 --> 00:16:03,561 ♪ 272 00:16:03,563 --> 00:16:07,598 Narrator: So, is this evidence of an early catastrophe, 273 00:16:07,600 --> 00:16:10,501 Or did the granite prove its worth? 274 00:16:10,503 --> 00:16:14,572 In 1898, it was put to the test. 275 00:16:14,574 --> 00:16:17,342 Testament to how good and strong the structure is 276 00:16:17,344 --> 00:16:20,845 That there was a big earthquake that struck that island. 277 00:16:20,847 --> 00:16:23,348 All the buildings in the facility sort of around it, 278 00:16:23,350 --> 00:16:25,483 They -- they collapsed. 279 00:16:25,485 --> 00:16:28,486 But the structure itself remained pretty much intact 280 00:16:28,488 --> 00:16:30,254 With very little damage whatsoever. 281 00:16:30,256 --> 00:16:32,557 ♪ 282 00:16:32,559 --> 00:16:35,226 Narrator: The fractured lower steps, in fact, 283 00:16:35,228 --> 00:16:39,197 Reveal a later attempt to adapt the site. 284 00:16:39,199 --> 00:16:43,801 So as soon as the surrounding facilities were rebuilt, 285 00:16:43,803 --> 00:16:47,372 This and other shipyards combined to advance 286 00:16:47,374 --> 00:16:50,942 The defense of the west coast to another level. 287 00:16:50,944 --> 00:16:54,579 But mare island was a cut above the rest, 288 00:16:54,581 --> 00:16:57,482 Setting the bar high during the first world war 289 00:16:57,484 --> 00:17:01,252 With a construction of u.S.S. Ward. 290 00:17:01,254 --> 00:17:04,122 This place set a record in ship building. 291 00:17:04,124 --> 00:17:09,093 Just 17 days to construct a battleship. 292 00:17:09,095 --> 00:17:10,695 That's just phenomenal. 293 00:17:10,697 --> 00:17:12,864 ♪ 294 00:17:12,866 --> 00:17:16,567 Narrator: Sliding off a neighboring shipbuilding way, 295 00:17:16,569 --> 00:17:18,870 U.S.S. Ward soon entered the drydock 296 00:17:18,872 --> 00:17:21,172 For some essential finishing touches 297 00:17:21,174 --> 00:17:23,241 Before joining active service. 298 00:17:23,243 --> 00:17:26,544 ♪ 299 00:17:26,546 --> 00:17:30,348 However, the real turning point for both u.S.S. Ward 300 00:17:30,350 --> 00:17:33,818 And this drydock would be in the next world war. 301 00:17:33,820 --> 00:17:36,954 ♪ 302 00:17:43,396 --> 00:17:50,301 ♪ 303 00:17:50,303 --> 00:17:53,004 Narrator: As the second world war began in europe, 304 00:17:53,006 --> 00:17:55,606 Mare island's u.S.S. Ward 305 00:17:55,608 --> 00:17:59,610 Was soon recommissioned and upgraded ready for battle. 306 00:17:59,612 --> 00:18:05,349 Both the drydock and that ship would soon make history. 307 00:18:05,351 --> 00:18:07,885 The pacific starts to be a place of danger 308 00:18:07,887 --> 00:18:10,655 For the u.S., and in order to ensure 309 00:18:10,657 --> 00:18:14,358 That the united states can defend its pacific coast, 310 00:18:14,360 --> 00:18:19,297 It needs facilities to support a navy on the pacific coast. 311 00:18:19,299 --> 00:18:21,165 ♪ 312 00:18:21,167 --> 00:18:24,202 Narrator: In 1941, as japanese forces 313 00:18:24,204 --> 00:18:26,237 Prepared to attack pearl harbor, 314 00:18:26,239 --> 00:18:30,241 U.S.S. Ward tracked down a lone enemy vessel nearby. 315 00:18:30,243 --> 00:18:32,043 ♪ 316 00:18:32,045 --> 00:18:34,312 U.S.S. Ward fired the first shots 317 00:18:34,314 --> 00:18:36,747 For the americans in world war ii. 318 00:18:36,749 --> 00:18:39,317 She saw a japanese submarine in her sights 319 00:18:39,319 --> 00:18:42,820 And seized the opportunity. 320 00:18:42,822 --> 00:18:46,791 Nusbacher: And it's significant that the first ship 321 00:18:46,793 --> 00:18:50,728 To cause japanese casualties 322 00:18:50,730 --> 00:18:53,898 Is a ship that's built on the california coast 323 00:18:53,900 --> 00:18:56,701 In mare island's own facility. 324 00:18:56,703 --> 00:18:58,369 ♪ 325 00:18:58,371 --> 00:19:01,606 In terms of u.S. History, the attack on pearl harbor 326 00:19:01,608 --> 00:19:04,909 Was one of the country's gravest moments, 327 00:19:04,911 --> 00:19:07,245 But that first retaliation by u.S.S. Ward 328 00:19:07,247 --> 00:19:09,313 Would set the tone. 329 00:19:09,315 --> 00:19:13,584 The americans were gonna come right back at the enemy. 330 00:19:13,586 --> 00:19:18,489 Narrator: The second world war saw drydock number 1 come into its own. 331 00:19:18,491 --> 00:19:21,726 Here, the ingenious design made light work 332 00:19:21,728 --> 00:19:26,497 Of getting damaged ships in and ready for repair. 333 00:19:26,499 --> 00:19:28,766 Well, first we take this drydock, 334 00:19:28,768 --> 00:19:32,436 We fill it with water through the pumps at the far end. 335 00:19:32,438 --> 00:19:37,241 Next, we bring it to the level of the strait out here. 336 00:19:37,243 --> 00:19:40,244 Narrator: With the water now level either side, 337 00:19:40,246 --> 00:19:42,046 And the pressure balanced, 338 00:19:42,048 --> 00:19:46,350 This end gate called a caisson can be moved out, 339 00:19:46,352 --> 00:19:49,287 Allowing the damaged ship in. 340 00:19:49,289 --> 00:19:53,424 Next, the drydock is sealed back up and drained, 341 00:19:53,426 --> 00:19:56,894 Leaving the ship ready to be worked on. 342 00:19:56,896 --> 00:19:58,462 In order for the united states 343 00:19:58,464 --> 00:20:01,999 To keep its navy fighting in the pacific theater, 344 00:20:02,001 --> 00:20:05,403 It had to be able to rebuild warships. 345 00:20:05,405 --> 00:20:07,805 And american ships that had been chewed up 346 00:20:07,807 --> 00:20:12,009 By the japanese navy needed to be brought back to america 347 00:20:12,011 --> 00:20:17,481 And refitted and sent back out to fight the japanese again. 348 00:20:17,483 --> 00:20:21,552 Narrator: This was all about efficiency in war. 349 00:20:21,554 --> 00:20:22,853 Christensen: It was vital. 350 00:20:22,855 --> 00:20:26,290 This dock probably was key in being able 351 00:20:26,292 --> 00:20:30,494 To keep the fleet as operational as it was 352 00:20:30,496 --> 00:20:32,863 For as long as it was during the war. 353 00:20:32,865 --> 00:20:35,032 ♪ 354 00:20:35,034 --> 00:20:38,869 Narrator: Having now been invaluable in two world wars, 355 00:20:38,871 --> 00:20:42,707 This giant would next enlist for the cold war, 356 00:20:42,709 --> 00:20:48,613 And it's here that those cracked bottom steps came into play. 357 00:20:48,615 --> 00:20:53,284 Mare island adapted from being a place 358 00:20:53,286 --> 00:20:56,387 Where you would build or repair surface ships 359 00:20:56,389 --> 00:21:00,458 Into a place where you would repair submarines 360 00:21:00,460 --> 00:21:04,328 That would be shadowing the soviet navy in the pacific. 361 00:21:04,330 --> 00:21:05,830 ♪ 362 00:21:05,832 --> 00:21:08,132 Narrator: Not part of the original structure, 363 00:21:08,134 --> 00:21:12,103 These steps and the long concrete section at the end 364 00:21:12,105 --> 00:21:16,907 Were added in the late 1960s to allow larger ships to dock. 365 00:21:16,909 --> 00:21:20,544 Scott: So, those layers that you see and those bottom few steps, 366 00:21:20,546 --> 00:21:22,847 Those ones that are now crumbling, 367 00:21:22,849 --> 00:21:26,384 They were the tagged-on extension, so to speak. 368 00:21:26,386 --> 00:21:28,686 ♪ 369 00:21:28,688 --> 00:21:32,523 Narrator: Playing a vital role in the cold war effort, 370 00:21:32,525 --> 00:21:34,692 This site was finally deemed 371 00:21:34,694 --> 00:21:39,897 Surplus to requirements in 1993, 372 00:21:39,899 --> 00:21:43,834 And from that moment, while the granite stood strong, 373 00:21:43,836 --> 00:21:48,039 The lower levels began to suffer. 374 00:21:48,041 --> 00:21:50,041 It's funny when you look at the structure. 375 00:21:50,043 --> 00:21:51,809 The most modern parts -- those -- 376 00:21:51,811 --> 00:21:54,545 Those concrete step extensions, 377 00:21:54,547 --> 00:21:57,281 They're the ones that are in the worst state of repair. 378 00:21:57,283 --> 00:22:00,518 ♪ 379 00:22:00,520 --> 00:22:03,954 Ultimately, this drydock had been a vital part 380 00:22:03,956 --> 00:22:07,391 Of the defense of the west coast for over a century. 381 00:22:07,393 --> 00:22:09,560 Without this place, the history books 382 00:22:09,562 --> 00:22:12,263 Might tell a very different story. 383 00:22:12,265 --> 00:22:18,703 ♪ 384 00:22:18,705 --> 00:22:21,305 Narrator: In the so-called fire fields of Italy 385 00:22:21,307 --> 00:22:23,240 On the bay of naples 386 00:22:23,242 --> 00:22:26,243 Is a site imbued with the supernatural. 387 00:22:26,245 --> 00:22:30,614 ♪ 388 00:22:30,616 --> 00:22:35,086 In the shadow of mount vesuvius, destroyer of pompeii, 389 00:22:35,088 --> 00:22:40,291 A labyrinth of underground tunnels continues to mystify. 390 00:22:40,293 --> 00:22:42,226 This tunnel entrance looks like something 391 00:22:42,228 --> 00:22:43,961 Straight out of "lord of the rings". 392 00:22:43,963 --> 00:22:45,796 It takes you deep under a mountain, 393 00:22:45,798 --> 00:22:49,100 And it looks like you're entering mordor. 394 00:22:49,102 --> 00:22:51,068 Meigs: A location like this was surrounded 395 00:22:51,070 --> 00:22:53,504 By a lot of myth and mystery. 396 00:22:53,506 --> 00:22:56,474 Symbolically, it certainly seems like an entrance 397 00:22:56,476 --> 00:22:58,809 To the underworld. 398 00:22:58,811 --> 00:23:01,812 Narrator: Evidence suggests this tunnel complex 399 00:23:01,814 --> 00:23:04,048 Was purposely filled in, 400 00:23:04,050 --> 00:23:08,352 Its secrets left buried for thousands of years. 401 00:23:08,354 --> 00:23:11,422 Yet, investigations are unearthing clues 402 00:23:11,424 --> 00:23:14,492 That this was some kind of ritual center. 403 00:23:14,494 --> 00:23:16,093 ♪ 404 00:23:16,095 --> 00:23:18,896 Barratt: There was a kind of feeling of showmanship. 405 00:23:18,898 --> 00:23:22,466 This is not just an access a to b tunnel. 406 00:23:22,468 --> 00:23:26,637 This complex network of caverns and tunnels was so extensive 407 00:23:26,639 --> 00:23:29,573 That clearly some incredible engineering happened here. 408 00:23:29,575 --> 00:23:30,875 ♪ 409 00:23:39,218 --> 00:23:42,553 Narrator: This subterranean network is somehow connected 410 00:23:42,555 --> 00:23:46,791 To a grand complex of ruins above. 411 00:23:46,793 --> 00:23:49,660 Meigs: It was meticulously built with a massive amount 412 00:23:49,662 --> 00:23:53,130 Of difficult engineering of tunnels and waterways, 413 00:23:53,132 --> 00:23:56,500 Columns, frescos, mosaics. 414 00:23:56,502 --> 00:23:59,036 Somara: Above ground it looks so palatial 415 00:23:59,038 --> 00:24:02,306 That you couldn't help but wonder what this was for 416 00:24:02,308 --> 00:24:05,176 Or who it was for. 417 00:24:05,178 --> 00:24:08,579 Narrator: This site is connected to some of the most famous names 418 00:24:08,581 --> 00:24:10,748 In human history. 419 00:24:10,750 --> 00:24:12,850 But why did they come here? 420 00:24:12,852 --> 00:24:15,953 And what secrets are held beneath this mountain? 421 00:24:15,955 --> 00:24:20,891 ♪ 422 00:24:20,893 --> 00:24:24,795 Descending under the sister volcano of mount vesuvius 423 00:24:24,797 --> 00:24:27,898 Is a mesmerizing tunnel. 424 00:24:27,900 --> 00:24:29,567 Purposely filled in, 425 00:24:29,569 --> 00:24:32,069 The secrets contained at the base of this mountain 426 00:24:32,071 --> 00:24:35,840 Remained dormant for thousands of years 427 00:24:35,842 --> 00:24:40,144 Until a dramatic discovery was made in the 1960s, 428 00:24:40,146 --> 00:24:43,347 As caver graziano ferrari explains. 429 00:24:45,218 --> 00:24:46,484 [ beeps ] 430 00:24:49,355 --> 00:24:51,889 ♪ 431 00:25:01,267 --> 00:25:04,835 In the 1960s, you've got a big local n.A.T.O. Base, 432 00:25:04,837 --> 00:25:06,937 And all sorts of people are working there, 433 00:25:06,939 --> 00:25:10,641 Including a chap whose hobby was archaeology, 434 00:25:10,643 --> 00:25:13,110 And he found this site. 435 00:25:13,112 --> 00:25:16,514 Narrator: This amateur archaeologist was robert paget, 436 00:25:16,516 --> 00:25:18,616 And he realized he'd stumbled onto something 437 00:25:18,618 --> 00:25:21,418 Hugely significant. 438 00:25:21,420 --> 00:25:23,120 Barratt: He read up about it, 439 00:25:23,122 --> 00:25:28,526 And then the next 10 years spent digging out these tunnels. 440 00:25:28,528 --> 00:25:29,860 And in that 10 years 441 00:25:29,862 --> 00:25:33,664 He came up with the most incredible theories. 442 00:25:33,666 --> 00:25:35,966 Narrator: Paget was convinced this passage 443 00:25:35,968 --> 00:25:39,236 Was part of an elaborate ceremonial site. 444 00:25:52,618 --> 00:25:55,152 ♪ 445 00:25:55,154 --> 00:26:00,457 Today, explorers are once again delving into the mystery. 446 00:26:00,459 --> 00:26:04,228 Could this be the site of the famed oracle of the dead? 447 00:26:11,237 --> 00:26:18,342 ♪ 448 00:26:18,344 --> 00:26:21,011 Narrator: Caver graziano ferrari is exploring 449 00:26:21,013 --> 00:26:24,448 The age-old mystery of the oracle of the dead, 450 00:26:24,450 --> 00:26:26,417 Descending into an elaborate tunnel 451 00:26:26,419 --> 00:26:27,751 Equipped with analyzers 452 00:26:27,753 --> 00:26:31,288 To monitor potentially lethal gases. 453 00:26:31,290 --> 00:26:33,424 It looks ancient and otherworldly, 454 00:26:33,426 --> 00:26:37,328 And at times it's extremely narrow -- barely shoulder width. 455 00:26:37,330 --> 00:26:39,330 And you have to descend down these ladders 456 00:26:39,332 --> 00:26:40,898 With gas analyzers. 457 00:26:40,900 --> 00:26:42,266 It's actually really frightening. 458 00:26:42,268 --> 00:26:43,534 [ beeps ] barratt: Someone's put 459 00:26:43,536 --> 00:26:45,235 A lot of work into this. 460 00:26:45,237 --> 00:26:47,905 There are niches for candles as you go down. 461 00:26:47,907 --> 00:26:49,239 Not just enough to light the way, 462 00:26:49,241 --> 00:26:51,275 But enough to make a massive impact. 463 00:26:51,277 --> 00:26:55,980 This is some serious illumination going on here. 464 00:26:55,982 --> 00:26:59,083 Narrator: Amateur archaeologist robert paget believed 465 00:26:59,085 --> 00:27:01,952 The tunnels' design backed up his theory 466 00:27:01,954 --> 00:27:04,521 That it was more than simply functional, 467 00:27:04,523 --> 00:27:07,291 But part of something ritualistic. 468 00:27:07,293 --> 00:27:09,226 Barratt: It's also not straightforward. 469 00:27:09,228 --> 00:27:11,762 As you go down into this tunnel, very narrow, 470 00:27:11,764 --> 00:27:13,764 You have to turn your shoulders. 471 00:27:13,766 --> 00:27:15,966 It doesn't actually lead you straight to where you're going. 472 00:27:15,968 --> 00:27:19,903 It's curved. It snakes around a little bit. 473 00:27:19,905 --> 00:27:23,607 Narrator: As the tunnel takes on a steeper gradient and curves, 474 00:27:23,609 --> 00:27:27,077 There is a sense of the theatrical in this journey. 475 00:27:27,079 --> 00:27:30,547 The point of the journey is partly in this kind of curve, 476 00:27:30,549 --> 00:27:32,549 In this showmanship. 477 00:27:32,551 --> 00:27:34,451 And then it's getting hotter in there. 478 00:27:34,453 --> 00:27:37,021 You can kind of feel the volcanic activity. 479 00:27:37,023 --> 00:27:39,023 You can feel that this is getting into 480 00:27:39,025 --> 00:27:40,624 The depths of the earth. 481 00:27:40,626 --> 00:27:44,161 And the smell is kind of sulfurous, but exciting. 482 00:27:45,865 --> 00:27:48,699 Narrator: But what was the purpose of this journey? 483 00:27:48,701 --> 00:27:52,269 And where does this tunnel lead? 484 00:27:52,271 --> 00:27:56,206 The tunnel comes across this small underground stream. 485 00:27:56,208 --> 00:27:58,342 It's really a hot spring. 486 00:27:58,344 --> 00:28:00,077 But in the mythology, 487 00:28:00,079 --> 00:28:03,947 Perhaps it was a representation of the famous river styx -- 488 00:28:03,949 --> 00:28:06,550 That the dead would have to be transported across 489 00:28:06,552 --> 00:28:09,586 On their way to the underworld. 490 00:28:09,588 --> 00:28:13,257 Narrator: This pool of hot water was once a flowing river, 491 00:28:13,259 --> 00:28:17,061 Believed by some to be the river styx, 492 00:28:17,063 --> 00:28:20,431 In greek mythology, the border between the world of the living 493 00:28:20,433 --> 00:28:24,034 And the underworld known as hades. 494 00:28:24,036 --> 00:28:26,470 Paget believed there might be a landing stage 495 00:28:26,472 --> 00:28:28,005 Where boats could pull up 496 00:28:28,007 --> 00:28:30,441 To take people across to the other side. 497 00:28:30,443 --> 00:28:34,344 ♪ 498 00:28:47,493 --> 00:28:49,293 Narrator: Above the pool, however, 499 00:28:49,295 --> 00:28:52,796 Is a filled-in chamber, or hidden sanctuary. 500 00:28:52,798 --> 00:28:55,966 This led paget to conclude the whole design 501 00:28:55,968 --> 00:28:57,468 Of this cavernous system 502 00:28:57,470 --> 00:29:00,537 Was meant to mimic a visit to the underworld. 503 00:29:00,539 --> 00:29:05,642 ♪ 504 00:29:05,644 --> 00:29:08,345 He was convinced he'd stumbled upon 505 00:29:08,347 --> 00:29:11,181 The so-called oracle of the dead. 506 00:29:11,183 --> 00:29:13,050 In both the greek and the roman eras, 507 00:29:13,052 --> 00:29:15,152 People believed that in certain locations like this 508 00:29:15,154 --> 00:29:17,354 There was a special type of a priestess, 509 00:29:17,356 --> 00:29:21,658 An oracle who could tell your future. 510 00:29:21,660 --> 00:29:24,495 Narrator: People would descend to the sweltering depths 511 00:29:24,497 --> 00:29:25,896 To hear prophecy 512 00:29:25,898 --> 00:29:29,032 And have their future read by this priestess. 513 00:29:29,034 --> 00:29:31,902 Investigators believe they may have unlocked 514 00:29:31,904 --> 00:29:35,038 Some of the mystery surrounding these oracles. 515 00:29:35,040 --> 00:29:37,808 Today, there's a theory that many of these oracles 516 00:29:37,810 --> 00:29:39,943 Were actually in locations 517 00:29:39,945 --> 00:29:43,080 Where, in fact, there were fumes coming out of the earth 518 00:29:43,082 --> 00:29:47,317 That would lead any person to begin to hallucinate 519 00:29:47,319 --> 00:29:50,087 Or to have out-of-body experiences. 520 00:29:50,089 --> 00:29:53,023 Barratt: And the priestesses at the area kind of played on that, 521 00:29:53,025 --> 00:29:55,759 And if they were using the sulfurous fumes 522 00:29:55,761 --> 00:29:59,196 And the sheer theater of the experience, 523 00:29:59,198 --> 00:30:01,398 Then perhaps I'd fall for it today 524 00:30:01,400 --> 00:30:04,902 Just as people did 2,000 years ago. 525 00:30:04,904 --> 00:30:07,237 Narrator: Some of the tunnels and cavernous rooms 526 00:30:07,239 --> 00:30:10,207 Remain a mystery to this day. 527 00:30:10,209 --> 00:30:13,644 Others, however, provide a clue to the connection 528 00:30:13,646 --> 00:30:15,512 With the ruin site above. 529 00:30:29,829 --> 00:30:32,596 Narrator: For current investigator graziano, 530 00:30:32,598 --> 00:30:37,034 The subterranean tunnels served a purely functional purpose. 531 00:30:37,036 --> 00:30:39,403 This was, in modern terms, 532 00:30:39,405 --> 00:30:42,472 A steam room and part of a wider complex 533 00:30:42,474 --> 00:30:46,009 Designed to exploit the geology of the region. 534 00:30:46,011 --> 00:30:49,746 The whole complex was engineered to let visitors take advantage 535 00:30:49,748 --> 00:30:52,482 Of all this volcanic heat and hot water. 536 00:30:52,484 --> 00:30:55,285 There were steam rooms, there were hot tubs, 537 00:30:55,287 --> 00:30:57,020 There were also cold pools. 538 00:30:57,022 --> 00:30:58,755 All of them connected, 539 00:30:58,757 --> 00:31:03,093 All of them clearly part of some kind of health giving ritual. 540 00:31:03,095 --> 00:31:05,762 ♪ 541 00:31:05,764 --> 00:31:09,166 Narrator: This is baia archaeological park, 542 00:31:09,168 --> 00:31:11,602 Once a roman spa town. 543 00:31:11,604 --> 00:31:13,470 ♪ 544 00:31:13,472 --> 00:31:16,974 But why did it gain such a notorious reputation? 545 00:31:16,976 --> 00:31:19,643 And what triggered its demise? 546 00:31:28,020 --> 00:31:34,524 ♪ 547 00:31:34,526 --> 00:31:36,159 Narrator: In the bay of naples 548 00:31:36,161 --> 00:31:38,328 Is a former roman spa town 549 00:31:38,330 --> 00:31:41,932 That developed quite the reputation. 550 00:31:41,934 --> 00:31:45,903 The whole complex was a luxurious resort 551 00:31:45,905 --> 00:31:47,838 For the roman elite. 552 00:31:47,840 --> 00:31:51,241 You had beautiful mosaics along the walkways, 553 00:31:51,243 --> 00:31:53,877 Frescos painted on the walls. 554 00:31:53,879 --> 00:31:56,847 An enormous amount of work and artistry 555 00:31:56,849 --> 00:31:59,049 Went into building this complex. 556 00:31:59,051 --> 00:32:00,684 ♪ 557 00:32:00,686 --> 00:32:03,687 Narrator: Chambers and tanks interconnected with tunnels 558 00:32:03,689 --> 00:32:07,858 And underground steam channels complete with waterproof lining 559 00:32:07,860 --> 00:32:11,828 Created a complex hydraulics system. 560 00:32:11,830 --> 00:32:14,364 Domes, such as the temple of diana, 561 00:32:14,366 --> 00:32:17,000 Which is older than the pantheon in rome, 562 00:32:17,002 --> 00:32:19,436 Functioned as cold baths. 563 00:32:19,438 --> 00:32:21,538 Other features include sunning rooms 564 00:32:21,540 --> 00:32:23,740 And swimming pools on the terraces 565 00:32:23,742 --> 00:32:27,344 With dramatic views across the bay. 566 00:32:27,346 --> 00:32:30,814 Somara: Baia became notorious for that hedonistic lifestyle. 567 00:32:30,816 --> 00:32:34,651 It really became an area of scandalous immorality. 568 00:32:34,653 --> 00:32:37,321 We know from the records that caesar and cicero 569 00:32:37,323 --> 00:32:39,389 Frequently visited there. 570 00:32:39,391 --> 00:32:42,626 I mean, it was a playground for the rich and famous. 571 00:32:42,628 --> 00:32:44,761 ♪ 572 00:32:44,763 --> 00:32:47,731 Narrator: So, how and why did this extraordinary 573 00:32:47,733 --> 00:32:51,401 And famous resort meet its end? 574 00:32:51,403 --> 00:32:54,104 Ultimately, this site's abandonment 575 00:32:54,106 --> 00:32:57,107 Brings us back to the land. 576 00:32:57,109 --> 00:32:58,508 Barratt: The reason this site is here 577 00:32:58,510 --> 00:33:01,912 Is because of the thermal seismic activity. 578 00:33:01,914 --> 00:33:04,715 That was a big part of its downfall. 579 00:33:12,791 --> 00:33:14,691 Barratt: One day it all went too far, 580 00:33:14,693 --> 00:33:18,895 And parts of the resort started to slip underwater. 581 00:33:18,897 --> 00:33:21,798 When that happened, the writing was on the wall. 582 00:33:21,800 --> 00:33:26,803 ♪ 583 00:33:26,805 --> 00:33:30,540 Narrator: Today, this remarkable site is open to the public, 584 00:33:30,542 --> 00:33:34,044 Yet remains largely unknown to tourists. 585 00:33:34,046 --> 00:33:36,780 Meanwhile, investigators such as graziano 586 00:33:36,782 --> 00:33:39,416 Continue to delve into the mysteries held 587 00:33:39,418 --> 00:33:42,452 In this remarkable complex. 588 00:33:42,454 --> 00:33:46,623 This is over 2,000 years old, and yet you can imagine people 589 00:33:46,625 --> 00:33:49,860 Coming here for that luxury experience. 590 00:33:49,862 --> 00:33:52,496 The joy of the archaeology here is immense, 591 00:33:52,498 --> 00:33:54,398 And the stories behind it, 592 00:33:54,400 --> 00:33:56,099 Well, they could have happened yesterday. 593 00:33:56,101 --> 00:34:01,638 ♪ 594 00:34:01,640 --> 00:34:05,942 Narrator: In the gulf of nicoya, off costa rica's pacific coast, 595 00:34:05,944 --> 00:34:09,780 Is what appears to be an isolated paradise... 596 00:34:09,782 --> 00:34:12,749 ♪ 597 00:34:12,751 --> 00:34:17,454 ...An island encircled by palm trees and sandy beaches. 598 00:34:17,456 --> 00:34:19,956 Bell: This island is full of natural life 599 00:34:19,958 --> 00:34:22,426 And surrounded by tropical waters. 600 00:34:22,428 --> 00:34:25,862 At first glance, it looks like some kind of paradise, 601 00:34:25,864 --> 00:34:29,132 But it hides a dark and cruel history. 602 00:34:29,134 --> 00:34:30,667 ♪ 603 00:34:30,669 --> 00:34:33,303 Today, costa rica is a popular holiday destination 604 00:34:33,305 --> 00:34:34,905 For americans. 605 00:34:34,907 --> 00:34:39,576 This place, however, couldn't be further from that image. 606 00:34:39,578 --> 00:34:42,879 It has a haunted and desolate feel to it. 607 00:34:42,881 --> 00:34:44,848 ♪ 608 00:34:44,850 --> 00:34:46,516 Narrator: Approaching the island, 609 00:34:46,518 --> 00:34:50,887 A rickety old pier leads into a maze of structures. 610 00:34:50,889 --> 00:34:54,991 Roots and vines wrap themselves around ruined remains. 611 00:34:54,993 --> 00:34:58,829 Plants and trees emerge out of roofless buildings. 612 00:34:58,831 --> 00:35:01,598 The walls of these structures are covered 613 00:35:01,600 --> 00:35:04,267 In writing and graffiti, 614 00:35:04,269 --> 00:35:07,938 But it's not your typical drawings and graffiti. 615 00:35:07,940 --> 00:35:10,040 Bell: These painting depict life 616 00:35:10,042 --> 00:35:14,611 And tell stories of severe pain and anger. 617 00:35:14,613 --> 00:35:18,949 On closer inspection, it appears that some of these drawings 618 00:35:18,951 --> 00:35:21,218 Have been written in blood. 619 00:35:21,220 --> 00:35:22,819 ♪ 620 00:35:22,821 --> 00:35:25,388 Narrator: Why is there blood on the walls? 621 00:35:25,390 --> 00:35:29,126 What darkness took hold of this apparent paradise? 622 00:35:29,128 --> 00:35:32,963 ♪ 623 00:35:32,965 --> 00:35:36,333 This island has been exploited for centuries, 624 00:35:36,335 --> 00:35:38,869 Going back to a time when costa rica 625 00:35:38,871 --> 00:35:41,605 Was part of the spanish empire. 626 00:35:41,607 --> 00:35:44,574 Isla san lucas is an infamous island. 627 00:35:44,576 --> 00:35:46,943 It's been used as a prison for centuries, 628 00:35:46,945 --> 00:35:49,913 Going right back to the spanish conquistadors 629 00:35:49,915 --> 00:35:51,481 Who used it as a detention center 630 00:35:51,483 --> 00:35:55,118 For local tribes in the 16th century. 631 00:35:55,120 --> 00:35:58,889 Narrator: But remnants of metal bars and thick security doors 632 00:35:58,891 --> 00:36:02,726 Suggest this site has more recently been utilized. 633 00:36:02,728 --> 00:36:04,261 ♪ 634 00:36:04,263 --> 00:36:07,063 In 1871, president tomás guardia 635 00:36:07,065 --> 00:36:08,798 Created a constitution 636 00:36:08,800 --> 00:36:13,136 For the newly independent nation of costa rica. 637 00:36:13,138 --> 00:36:15,438 While he abolished the death penalty, 638 00:36:15,440 --> 00:36:19,609 He also chose this location for a new penitentiary, 639 00:36:19,611 --> 00:36:22,679 And being sent here was seen as virtually 640 00:36:22,681 --> 00:36:24,981 A death sentence in itself. 641 00:36:24,983 --> 00:36:27,984 ♪ 642 00:36:27,986 --> 00:36:32,088 This is isla san lucas prison. 643 00:36:32,090 --> 00:36:34,257 This became a prison for some of costa rica's 644 00:36:34,259 --> 00:36:36,593 Most notorious criminals. 645 00:36:36,595 --> 00:36:41,431 Thieves, murderers, hit men -- you name it, they were here. 646 00:36:41,433 --> 00:36:43,099 ♪ 647 00:36:43,101 --> 00:36:46,036 Narrator: How did this prison gain such notoriety? 648 00:36:46,038 --> 00:36:49,039 And did that lead to its demise? 649 00:36:56,949 --> 00:37:03,453 ♪ 650 00:37:03,455 --> 00:37:05,255 Narrator: This costa rican site 651 00:37:05,257 --> 00:37:08,091 Was not a place for the faint-hearted. 652 00:37:08,093 --> 00:37:12,062 Prisoners fought amongst themselves, not just with fists, 653 00:37:12,064 --> 00:37:14,531 But with self-styled machetes, 654 00:37:14,533 --> 00:37:18,068 As former inmate eloy solorzano recalls. 655 00:37:18,070 --> 00:37:20,403 [ speaking spanish ] 656 00:37:20,405 --> 00:37:21,638 Translator: I was in a machete fight 657 00:37:21,640 --> 00:37:23,907 With some prison inmates. 658 00:37:23,909 --> 00:37:27,010 Thank god I'm alive to tell this story. 659 00:37:27,012 --> 00:37:28,945 These things I experienced, 660 00:37:28,947 --> 00:37:32,349 I hoped to god never to live again. 661 00:37:32,351 --> 00:37:34,184 Atrocities were common place here, 662 00:37:34,186 --> 00:37:35,785 And overcrowding was rife. 663 00:37:35,787 --> 00:37:39,990 You had as many as 70 prisoners kept in a single cell. 664 00:37:39,992 --> 00:37:44,894 Adolescents as young as 14 years old were incarcerated 665 00:37:44,896 --> 00:37:49,866 And placed in this environment of disease and murder. 666 00:37:49,868 --> 00:37:51,601 And to be sentenced here was considered 667 00:37:51,603 --> 00:37:53,803 By many to be a death sentence. 668 00:37:53,805 --> 00:37:56,039 ♪ 669 00:37:56,041 --> 00:37:58,275 Narrator: Inside the crumbling cells, 670 00:37:58,277 --> 00:38:01,311 Graffiti covers every wall. 671 00:38:01,313 --> 00:38:03,680 The art and graffiti on the cell walls 672 00:38:03,682 --> 00:38:05,548 Give a fascinating insight 673 00:38:05,550 --> 00:38:08,585 To what the prisoners were going through. 674 00:38:08,587 --> 00:38:12,422 They clearly depict the life of suffering, pain, 675 00:38:12,424 --> 00:38:17,594 Hatred, and loneliness, as well as highly sexual content. 676 00:38:17,596 --> 00:38:20,163 Narrator: A horrific rumor had surfaced 677 00:38:20,165 --> 00:38:23,166 Relating to the suspicious fading red color 678 00:38:23,168 --> 00:38:26,636 Of certain parts of the graffiti. 679 00:38:26,638 --> 00:38:29,673 Some were allegedly painted with the blood of a nurse 680 00:38:29,675 --> 00:38:31,641 Who was murdered inside the prison. 681 00:38:31,643 --> 00:38:38,715 ♪ 682 00:38:38,717 --> 00:38:40,417 Narrator: The notoriety of the prison 683 00:38:40,419 --> 00:38:43,486 Wasn't just from those incarcerated. 684 00:38:43,488 --> 00:38:47,290 The prison guards were infamous in their own right. 685 00:38:47,292 --> 00:38:50,026 They used torture to control the inmates, 686 00:38:50,028 --> 00:38:53,396 And one punishment was particularly barbaric. 687 00:38:53,398 --> 00:38:56,499 [ speaking spanish ] 688 00:38:56,501 --> 00:39:01,671 Translator: Here in san lucas, before human rights came in, 689 00:39:01,673 --> 00:39:04,974 You, for any reason, could be put in la plancha. 690 00:39:04,976 --> 00:39:06,810 [ concludes in spanish ] 691 00:39:08,480 --> 00:39:10,980 Bell: One common punishment was placing prisoners 692 00:39:10,982 --> 00:39:13,750 In a dungeon full of raw sewage 693 00:39:13,752 --> 00:39:16,653 And leaving them there for days on end. 694 00:39:16,655 --> 00:39:19,155 [ speaking spanish ] 695 00:39:19,157 --> 00:39:21,257 Translator: It was a penitence to be there. 696 00:39:21,259 --> 00:39:23,426 There were bugs. 697 00:39:23,428 --> 00:39:25,462 It was something subhuman. 698 00:39:25,464 --> 00:39:27,831 I wouldn't wish this for anybody. 699 00:39:27,833 --> 00:39:30,900 ♪ 700 00:39:30,902 --> 00:39:33,770 Narrator: This cruel and humiliating torture 701 00:39:33,772 --> 00:39:36,272 Was meted out by an infamous police squad 702 00:39:36,274 --> 00:39:38,341 Based at the prison. 703 00:39:38,343 --> 00:39:41,578 There was a police squad here called los cocobolos. 704 00:39:41,580 --> 00:39:43,346 Now, if you were a prisoner, 705 00:39:43,348 --> 00:39:47,083 These were guys you wanted to keep on the right side of. 706 00:39:47,085 --> 00:39:48,918 [ speaking spanish ] 707 00:39:48,920 --> 00:39:53,223 Translator: They were good at hitting us with sticks. 708 00:39:53,225 --> 00:39:55,392 That was the really bad part. 709 00:39:55,394 --> 00:39:59,829 You tried to get along with them to have a better coexistence. 710 00:39:59,831 --> 00:40:04,667 ♪ 711 00:40:04,669 --> 00:40:06,503 Narrator: Little wonder that escape 712 00:40:06,505 --> 00:40:10,640 Was never far from the minds of inmates. 713 00:40:10,642 --> 00:40:13,443 Translator: Some inmates would throw themselves into the water 714 00:40:13,445 --> 00:40:15,412 Trying to escape. 715 00:40:15,414 --> 00:40:17,013 ♪ 716 00:40:17,015 --> 00:40:19,582 Narrator: But was the island escapable, 717 00:40:19,584 --> 00:40:23,653 And would the prison's brutality lead to its own destruction? 718 00:40:23,655 --> 00:40:25,221 ♪ 719 00:40:25,223 --> 00:40:27,624 To escape from here was no easy feat. 720 00:40:27,626 --> 00:40:30,627 Even if you could get out of the complex and to the water, 721 00:40:30,629 --> 00:40:35,565 You were gonna find sharks and a long, dangerous swim. 722 00:40:35,567 --> 00:40:37,801 Isolated on this tropical island, 723 00:40:37,803 --> 00:40:39,769 They'd never have stood a chance. 724 00:40:39,771 --> 00:40:41,771 ♪ 725 00:40:41,773 --> 00:40:44,707 Narrator: Many didn't even make it to the water. 726 00:40:44,709 --> 00:40:46,909 [ speaking spanish ] 727 00:40:46,911 --> 00:40:48,611 Translator: And from where they were caught 728 00:40:48,613 --> 00:40:51,548 Within the perimeter of the island, 729 00:40:51,550 --> 00:40:53,249 They were brought to the dungeons, 730 00:40:53,251 --> 00:40:56,386 Hitting them without stopping. 731 00:40:56,388 --> 00:40:59,989 ♪ 732 00:40:59,991 --> 00:41:02,125 Narrator: But was this brutal retribution 733 00:41:02,127 --> 00:41:05,295 About to go too far? 734 00:41:05,297 --> 00:41:09,799 Translator: Here on this island there are bodies buried, 735 00:41:09,801 --> 00:41:12,469 And no one knows who killed that person. 736 00:41:12,471 --> 00:41:15,205 [ continues in spanish ] 737 00:41:15,207 --> 00:41:17,540 However, there are prisoners buried here, 738 00:41:17,542 --> 00:41:22,378 And their bodies never appeared drowned or anything. 739 00:41:22,380 --> 00:41:24,447 ♪ 740 00:41:24,449 --> 00:41:27,283 Narrator: Cruel and intentional torture, 741 00:41:27,285 --> 00:41:30,086 Bodies disappearing without a trace. 742 00:41:30,088 --> 00:41:32,789 Were these brutal actions about to come back 743 00:41:32,791 --> 00:41:36,059 And haunt the authorities? 744 00:41:36,061 --> 00:41:37,660 Translator: A lot of people were saying 745 00:41:37,662 --> 00:41:42,465 That san lucas was shut because of inhumane treatment. 746 00:41:42,467 --> 00:41:44,901 This is not necessarily true. 747 00:41:44,903 --> 00:41:47,270 ♪ 748 00:41:47,272 --> 00:41:49,105 Narrator: Some claim the island was set 749 00:41:49,107 --> 00:41:51,574 To be turned into a tourist resort, 750 00:41:51,576 --> 00:41:55,478 Complete with hotels, casinos, and an airstrip. 751 00:41:55,480 --> 00:41:57,480 This plan has never materialized, 752 00:41:57,482 --> 00:42:00,083 But the prison has been abandoned, 753 00:42:00,085 --> 00:42:02,218 And the future for isla san lucas 754 00:42:02,220 --> 00:42:04,087 Looks altogether brighter. 755 00:42:04,089 --> 00:42:07,857 ♪ 756 00:42:07,859 --> 00:42:12,795 Today, the island is part of the national wildlife preserve, 757 00:42:12,797 --> 00:42:15,398 With tourists visiting the island daily, 758 00:42:15,400 --> 00:42:18,234 Enjoying both the ruins and nature. 759 00:42:18,236 --> 00:42:20,503 ♪ 760 00:42:20,505 --> 00:42:24,307 And now it feels much more like the costa rica 761 00:42:24,309 --> 00:42:27,577 That holiday makers have come to know and love. 762 00:42:27,579 --> 00:42:29,145 ♪ 67797

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