All language subtitles for Journey to Space IMAX 2015 REPACK 1080p BluRay x264-DON EN SUB_Subtitles01.ENG

We are the
species that explores,

that fashions vessels
to carry us into the unknown.

We sailed
the planet of our birth,

saw its wonders
and made it home.

And it wasn't enough.

We built flying machines

to explore higher,
faster, farther.

Heroes flew them beyond
what once seemed possible.

And it wasn't enough.

In time,
we created special craft

that would ferry us
to the edge of space and back.

And as always,
there were the few...

brave and brilliant souls...

ready to guide this vessel
through dangers

in the name of discovery.

Using the space shuttle,

we built an unprecedented
outpost in the heavens.

We learned
in the weightless world

of the International
Space Station,

peered into the dark night
of an infinite universe.

And it wasn't enough.

Now we are
fashioning vessels to set off

on our greatest adventure
of exploration ever:

to Mars and beyond.

Who knew that 30 years
would go by so quickly?

That these unique spacecraft

would leave in their wake

a public captivated

by their achievements...

...a planet poised at the brink

of deep-space exploration.

As an astronaut,
I definitely felt

I was saying good-bye
to a long-time friend

when the last shuttle landed.

My name is Chris Ferguson.

I was lucky enough to fly
on three shuttle missions,

one of them on Endeavour.

So it's no surprise
that I wanted to be there

when she was headed
for her new home

at the California Science Center
in Los Angeles.

From the look of it,
you might think it took

as much engineering
to get Endeavour

through the streets of L.A.
as launching her into orbit.

Watching the orbiter squeeze
through the city neighborhoods,

you could feel just how much the
shuttle had come to stand for,

almost as if it had taken
all of us into space.

I sure don't want
the world to forget

this remarkable spacecraft
and those who built it,

and the legacy they left,

lighting the way toward
our next frontier in space.

MAN
They're coming.

The shuttle was the first

reusable piloted spacecraft.

And its engineering and software
was so bulletproof,

it could be flown by computers

less powerful than
today's smartphones.

MAN
Two hundred.

One hundred.

At 235 miles per hour,

the shuttle had
the fastest touchdown speed

of any flying vehicle
ever built.

When you glide
220,000 pounds of spacecraft

to a no-power landing, the gear
hits with a major whomp.

MAN
Touchdown.

Conceived in the 1970s

as a kind of
winged delivery truck

to build a United States
low-Earth-orbit space station...

Give you
a payload I.D. of one.

...the shuttle actually flew

more than a decade beyond
original expectations.

It was the shuttle program
that allowed us to do

real ongoing work in space,

to put delicate equipment
into orbit and to retrieve

and fix that equipment
when things went wrong.

Orbiters deployed,
retrieved and repaired

over a hundred scientific
and communications satellites.

And no missions were more
important to our understanding

of deep space than the
five flights, beginning in 1993,

made to repair and upgrade
the Hubble Space Telescope.

MISSION CONTROL
Hubble affirmative.

You have a go for release.

I think history will
view the Hubble Space Telescope

as one of the crowning
achievements in astronomy.

The Hubble gave us
an unprecedented view

of both our closest neighbors

and of galaxies
unimaginably far from our own.

Further space telescope
investigations have revealed

that the number
of Earth-like planets

capable of harboring
liquid water

is vastly greater than
scientists once calculated.

In 1995, the shuttles began

a new era of
international space exploration

when Atlantis docked,
for the first time,

with the Russian MIR station.

Eight inches.

One-oh-point-oh-seven.

One-oh-six.

Four inches.

Now. We have capture.

Altogether,

the orbiters made
11 trips to visit Mir.

These missions
established a level

of international cooperation
and expertise

that continues to this day.

Though MIR
no longer orbits Earth,

the shuttle proved itself
as a brilliant reusable tool

that allowed us to live,
build and do science

in the weightless environment
of space.

But the shuttles' truest legacy

crosses the sky above us
every 90 minutes.

The International Space Station
could never have been built

without the shuttles' payload
and space-walk capabilities.

Space shuttles and Russian
Soyuz and Proton rockets

made more than 40 flights

to construct the International
Space Station...

a true engineering miracle.

All three of my Orbiter missions
were to the ISS.

Modules built
by NASA partners in Asia,

Europe and North America,
came together above Earth,

over a period of 13 years,

to create a floating world

longer than a football field

and with more living space
than a six-bedroom house.

A typical ISS mission
requires an astronaut

to live six months onboard.

But some crew members
will spend a year

learning even more
about the very real physical

and psychological stresses

of long-term separation
from Earth.

These missions
and the 15 nations

that designed,
built and crew the ISS,

forever changed
space exploration

into a cooperative
international program

and made a true home
and science lab like no other.

Wash away my troubles

Wash away my pain

With the rain in Shambala...

ISS system designs
and scientific experiments

have spawned a multitude
of Earth-useful discoveries,

including breakthroughs

in water purification
and robotic microsurgery.

But most important,

the ISS is our springboard
to the future,

giving us the knowledge
and confidence

to sustain human life
as we explore deep space.

Everyone is helpful

Everyone is kind...

Life on ISS is
all about getting the job done

and having a little fun.

Everyone is lucky

Everyone is so kind

On the road to Shambala...

And nationality is mostly

about tasting each other's food.

Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah

Ah, ooh, ooh, ooh

Ooh, ooh, ooh, yeah

Yeah, yeah,
yeah, yeah, yeah...

Through three decades
of camaraderie and dedication,

355 people rode the shuttle
into history.

They circled the Earth
21,000 times,

and it all came
to seem routine...

until it wasn't.

...one minute, 15 seconds.

Velocity 2,900 feet per second.

Altitude nine nautical miles.

Downrange distance
seven nautical miles.

This shuttle mission
will launch...

My God!

There's been an explosion.

MAN 3
Flight controllers here

looking very carefully
at the situation.

Obviously a major malfunction.

In two accidents
that stunned the world,

we lost 14 astronauts.

It was a sobering reminder
that every space flight

is charged
with potential danger.

They had a hunger
to explore the universe

and discover its truths.

They wished to serve,
and they did.

They were pioneers.

The future doesn't belong
to the fainthearted.

It belongs to the brave.

The world mourned,
but pushed on,

because the accomplishments
of the space shuttle

and the International
Space Station

were full
of life-changing promise.

In memory of our lost heroes,
the global space community

pulled together to reignite
the future of both programs.

Who could ask
for a better ending to my career

as an astronaut
than getting to fly

the last shuttle mission
on Atlantis,

and a final visit to the ISS.

Atlantis launch director,
air to ground one.

FERGUSON
Atlantis go.

And so, for the final time,
Fergie, Doug,

Sandy and Rex,
good luck, Godspeed,

and have a little fun up there.

FERGUSON We're not
ending the journey today, Mike,

we're completing a chapter of
a journey that will never end.

You and the thousands
of men and women

who gave their hearts,
souls and their lives

for the cause of exploration,
have rewritten history.

Let's light this fire
one more time, Mike.

Though the shuttles
no longer fly,

I never miss a chance
to see Atlantis

at the Kennedy Space Center.

But I came to KSC to get a look
at the next big step

in deep-space exploration,
and it's called Orion.

Here, in the giant operations
and checkout clean room,

the new Orion
multi-purposed crew vehicle

is coming together.

What an impressive
vehicle.

Look at that...
it's beautiful.

It's gorgeous.
I'd love to climb in there.

Orion is a true
deep-space exploration craft,

designed to carry
astronauts of the future

back to the moon,
to asteroids, and even to Mars.

I've always
been drawn to explore

and try new experiences.

Maybe that's why I applied
to be an astronaut.

I'm Serena Aunon,

and I am one of
the newer group of astronauts

chosen by NASA.

Like the rest of my class,
I'm absolutely honored

and humbled to be here, and it's
great to be a part of this team.

I guess you could say I'm one

of those people for whom
the future has always seemed

an unfolding adventure.

So you can go forward
and backwards in the procedure

just by using
this toggle switch over here.

Yes, that, exactly.

Learning from astronauts,

like Lee Morin, who have
already spent weeks in space,

gives you a great sense
of confidence.

The Orion mock-up
provides astronauts in training,

like Serena, a chance
to learn flight procedures,

and also give feedback
to perfect new systems.

This should be a piece of cake
for Serena,

since my shuttle's ten screens

and more than
a thousand switches

have been streamlined
to just three screens

and 60 switches on Orion.

Hey, Lee, you can open
the helium cross-feed valve.

Okay, we got that, so go
ahead and send that command

on the helium
cross-feed valve.

All right, copy that.

And the shuttle's hundred pounds

of flight manuals and checklists
have been reduced to...

well... zero, since Orion's
are all on computer.

Stand by,
and we'll evaluate.

But even
with all these improvements,

to get Orion into deep space,

we're gonna need
a bigger rocket.

When NASA's
giant space launch system,

built by Boeing, is complete,

the rocket will stand
as tall as a 38-story building

and make more than
nine million pounds of thrust,

enough to lift 22 elephants
into space.

For deep-space expeditions,

the SLS will need to lift
five key mission components

beyond low-Earth orbit.

Since Orion is too cramped

for a six-month journey to Mars,

one solution being developed
is an inflatable habitat

to house the crew en route.

A solar electric
propulsion device will provide

continuous power
for the round-trip journey.

A lander craft will carry the
crew from their orbit above Mars

down to the planet's surface.

Months later, an ascent vehicle

will lift the crew back up
to the orbiting Orion

for the return trip to Earth.

But even using
the most sophisticated

future spacecraft,
a two-and-a-half year

round-trip journey to Mars

will present new challenges
to the human body.

I wanted to thank the Indiana
State Museum for having me here.

It is an absolute pleasure.

As a medical doctor with a
specialty in aerospace medicine,

I am particularly interested
in keeping astronauts healthy

as we head into deep space
for long periods of time.

Our experience with more
extended weightlessness

on the ISS has shown us that the
human body will face challenges

during lengthy journeys
to deep space.

Key issues are muscle
and bone loss,

which can start after just
a few days of weightlessness,

along with degrading
of vision for some astronauts.

We now know that exercise
is the antidote

for most problems
caused by weightlessness.

And I mean exercise...

about two hours a day.

But, even so,
the first explorers to Mars

will need to rest
at least a few days

after landing on the planet
to readjust to walking,

though Mars has less than
40% of Earth's gravity.

Radiation is another risk
in deep space.

Radiation from
our sun's solar storms

is one source of danger.

But cosmic radiation, which
permeates all of deep space,

is another ever-present
challenge to human health.

Sections of Orion,
as well as the transit habitat,

will have to serve as a shelter

in the case of a major
solar flare.

In the Arizona desert,

an Orion mock-up
is being drop-tested

to evaluate reentry systems.

On returning from deep space,

Orion will enter our atmosphere

more than 50% faster

than shuttles or Soyuz capsules,

and generate
five times more heat,

so perfecting
her parachute deployment

and heat shield
is key to crew survival.

At the Kennedy Space Center,
Orion is being prepped

for an uncrewed
test flight into deep space.

This new vessel marks
the first step in over 40 years

to put humans beyond
low Earth orbit.

A journey to Mars
is on the horizon

because of wide-ranging
international efforts

by both governments
and private enterprise.

Companies from Boeing
and Lockheed

to newcomers like
SpaceX, Sierra Nevada

and Orbital Sciences

are developing spacecraft

to service the ISS and beyond.

Some private groups
foresee a technically simpler

one-way mission
to colonize Mars.

Already thousands
have volunteered

to live permanently
on the Red Planet.

The demands of going
to deep space

will push old designs
to new limits.

- Looks good.
- Looks good. Hey.

- New glove. Should be good.
- Sounds good.

My name is Lindsey Aitchison

and I am a spacesuit
project engineer

at NASA Johnson Space Center.

I first started thinking
about space flight

when I was four years old,
when I first came to JSC

to take a tour
at the visitor's center.

We have pictures of me just
sitting inside this spacesuit,

and I just knew
that's what I wanted to do.

No, dad-gum it.

When the Apollo suits
were first done,

those were very
short-duration EVAs.

We didn't have a lot
of mobility in that suit,

so when you see
those astronauts hopping around

on the lunar surface,
it's not because they themselves

are clumsy or that the gravity
is just impossible to deal with.

We didn't give them enough
mobility in the suits.

So we learned a lot from that.

For the next generation suit,

there's still a lot
that we don't know

about what it's going
to be like to live

and work on Mars every day.

Once there,
you'd be doing EVA,

walking outside on the planet
about every other day.

Once we have the hardware
in-house, we become the experts

of how that hardware works,
what it does,

and how it meets the needs

for our next phase
of our mission design.

We actually get into the suits,
because the best way

to understand how
a spacesuit moves

is to be inside of it
and work it yourself.

I'll be asking Richard
to perform specific tasks.

And what I'm looking at is:
What is his gait like?

And so I'm watching how
the bearings in the hip move

and how the bearings
in the waist move.

And by comparing natural body
motion to suited body motion

we can start to tweak
the design of the suit

to make it more natural.

So that's what we're
focusing on for exploration...

is how do you walk, how do you
bend, how do you kneel,

how do you do all
those geology-type tasks?

So, one of the big problems
they had in Apollo

was all of that dust
on the lunar surface.

It stuck to everything.

When the guys would come back
inside of the lunar module

at the end of their EVAs,
taking off their suits,

there was dirt everywhere...
there was dirt on themselves.

It was just gross, right?

And that dirt is actually pretty
harmful... the lunar dirt...

specifically, to breathe in
for long periods of time,

so, long-duration missions,
we wouldn't want to

bring that dirt inside
with us all the time.

All right, Richard.
Nice job.

Time to come on in.

So one of the key
concepts we're looking at

for lunar and even
Martian missions

is using what we call
a suit port.

The idea of a suit port
is that you have this plate

that becomes your pressure seal
between the vehicle

and your suit, so when
you're not using the suit,

it stays outside
the entire time.

It is physically attached
to the vehicle

so you can come in and out
of your space suit

without ever
having to physically

go into an air lock
like we do today.

Welcome home, Richard.
How'd the suit feel?

Feels good.

Outstanding.
Strong work out there.

Driving a space
exploration vehicle on dry land

is great training for deep-space
missions of the future.

But driving a mini-sub
was even more exacting.

No, there are no
liquid oceans on Mars,

but before setting out
for the Red Planet,

astronauts may make test
missions to nearby asteroids.

A mini-sub resembles
the kind of craft

we will use
to explore asteroids,

and the ocean matches
the zero gravity of space.

This NEEMO 16 mission marks

the 16th time NASA has trained
at the Aquarius lab,

which is anchored
60 feet underwater,

off Key Largo in Florida.

NASA aquanauts live in the lab
for up to two weeks

without coming to the surface.

This allows us to work
the entire day

and only decompress once

at the end of the mission.

Any mistakes here
can have real consequences,

exactly as in deep,
inhospitable space.

Since asteroids appear
to have changed very little

since they first formed,

they could tell us a lot
about our early solar system.

Ultimately, we may develop
space tools to capture

and reposition a small asteroid
to orbit our moon.

This would allow
for easier study,

and also develop our ability
to deflect a larger asteroid

that was on a collision course
with Earth.

This Olympus inflatable habitat,

designed by Bigelow Aerospace,

is a look at the future
of living in space.

Jay, this is amazing.
How big is that?

Thanks.
Yeah, it's really big.

It's about 2,250 cubic meters
interior volume, which is

a little over twice the size of
the International Space Station.

And it looks like it's, like,
40 feet tall or somethin'.

Yeah, it's probably 45 or 50.
It's really big.

Once you get into space,
y-you just inflate it with air?

Right, we bring up huge
compressed air tanks

that bring up large
volumes of air.

Um, this expands out so the
inside is about 16 meters

in diameter, and the outside's
a lot bigger than that.

It's surprising
that an inflatable habitat

can protect its crew against
micrometeorites and radiation,

but that's what tests
have shown.

The immense volume of Olympus

will provide ample work areas

as well as living space
to help maintain crew morale.

Supply craft
to provide food, fuel,

and radiation-protective living
space will be landed on Mars

well before the first human
expedition is launched.

We don't know exactly what all
the spacecraft will look like,

but concepts are under
active development.

Our infatuation
with space exploration

is as limitless as space itself.

Without the shuttle,
there would be

no International Space Station,

the vital test bed for a future
human expedition to Mars.

And that mission is closer
than you might imagine.

NASA projects we will get
to Mars in the 2030s.

In other words,
within the career

of today's young astronauts.

So any of these movies that you
see where people survive

even for 20 seconds...

Why go to Mars?

Why not just send more and more
sophisticated robotic vehicles?

I think to explore
beyond what is known

is simply
at the core of our DNA.

And only a human mission
can tell us definitively

if we can survive and establish
future settlements on Mars.

Astronauts exploring the planet
may notice

and learn things
robots could not,

things that could help take us

to the next frontiers
beyond Mars.

Every 26 months,
there is an optimal window

for launching spacecraft
to Mars.

But even using the planets'
orbits to shorten distance

and increase speed, with
currently planned propulsion,

the trip to and from Mars
will take six months...

each way.

Someday, even more exotic plasma
or fusion propulsion

could shorten the journey.

But the first explorers to Mars
will not have that luxury.

Orion can transport up
to six passengers,

but for a first trip to Mars,

it would likely carry
no more than four.

While going to and from
the Red Planet,

Orion and the inflatable habitat

will be the astronauts' life
support home for flight control,

science, and that all-important
physical exercise.

Going to Mars...

getting there, working there,
coming back...

will take nearly three years.

I wonder how that will feel,

to be away from home and friends
and family for so long.

There is no 911 in space.

When Orion nears Mars,
the spacecraft is two years away

from any possibility
of help from Earth.

Even radio communications
will take 40 minutes

to send and receive,

so any equipment failures
or other emergencies

must be solved
by the crew alone.

Nearly four decades
of robotic exploration on Mars

has blazed a path
for humans to follow...

...craft like Pathfinder
and Curiosity.

Maybe I'll get to kick the dust
off their tires.

Though it will be incredibly
exciting to land on Mars,

our ongoing training
in sophisticated simulator labs

means it won't feel entirely
unfamiliar when we get there.

Later explorers to Mars might
travel hundreds of kilometers

to mine their own water
and hydrogen

to make fuel
for their return to Earth.

But first visitors
will have their hands full

making the discoveries that only
a human mission can accomplish.

I don't know if I'll ever get
to walk and work on Mars,

but I may already know
some of those who will.

Someone who dreams of it,

just like me.

Humankind has forever
been drawn toward the unknown,

by the simple innate conviction

that, to see the long-hidden
side of the mountain,

to brush the infinite depth
of the sea, might reveal

where we come from
and who we are.

When humans do touch
and explore Mars,

it will be among the greatest
achievements in history.

But even that won't be enough.

We are the species
that explores.

We will fashion new vessels

to carry us still deeper
into space,

venturing
from our life-giving home

to uncover the secrets
of the cosmos

and our own
unimagined possibilities.