All language subtitles for HTUW S06x10 Mystery of Spacetime

SUB BY : DENI AUROR@
https://aurorarental.blogspot.com/

What does our universe consist of?

It is the biggest unanswered question in science.

Despite the name, it is not space In an empty space in any case.

Space itself consists of something.

Hidden structure and strength are present in the space itself.

Space is a very dynamic dynamic medium.

A force that connects everything in our universe.

He is a vital player in the game of life.

It strengthens our reality, connects Time and space from the start.

We call him "spacetime.".

It's all, space-time is what the universe is.

Spacetime is how our universe works.

But what exactly is it? How do you control our past, our present and our future?

We cannot see it.

We cannot touch it.

But without space-time ... we wouldn't be there.

Space-time is our fabric It shapes and governs our lives.

If we wanted to understand the story of the universe, then who is it? The important thing is to understand the behavior of space-time.

Spacetime active since everything began It is the key to the development of everything.

We have to understand spacetime to understand the history of the universe.

To understand how the universe began, and how Evolution, and what will happen in the future.

The story of spacetime is the story of our universe.

To know how the story revolves, and how It will end . We have to go back to the beginning.

Until there is nothing.

There are no stars or space A time before time.

...Suddenly.

Our entire universe was born in the Big Bang.

It started in a moment, as our universe arose out of nowhere.

The definition of the moment of the Big Bang is The origins of time and space at that moment.

It is as far as we know it is a genesis Time and space are the same.

The nascent universe, a finite point of Energy and spacetime, embodied in nothing.

Then the universe suddenly expanded.

The idea of ??expansion is that it is an infinitesimal spot, and in little time Very much less than a second, growing to fold and fold.

Imagine me suddenly becoming the size of a galaxy.

In a split second, the universe grew from Less than corn to the size of a basket ball.

In cosmic terms, this is like growth A grain of sand to the size of the visible universe.

The moment the universe expands faster than light.

It looks like a breach of everything we learned in physics.

The astronomer may argue, saying Nothing moves faster than light.

This is somewhat true.

But the rule is that he is not traveling Something across the universe is faster than light.

In expansion, space itself is what It expands, there is no breach or contradiction.

By rapidly expanding, the universe has undergone a phenomenal growth rate.

At the moment of the Big Bang, spacetime was an entity Moving in all directions, the space itself was expanding.

But the universe did not expand evenly.

There was more slick from the universe Intensity just below it.

, And we're talking about a very small percentage Part of a hundred thousand, but that was enough.

The differences occurred in spacetime Expansion is made with areas of higher density.

The expansion made those High-density areas are larger.

This allowed the formation of our universe.

When the parts of our universe have not expanded Equally, things started to gather suddenly.

When the universe cooled, energy turned into matter.

And this substance joined together in the densest areas.

And they had those areas in a way A critical mass is greater than other regions.

The mass bends spacetime so what It consists of the material bends spacetime.

The more the material in Somewhere the bend over was over.

I'm folding space-time now.

When I bow, I fold More because there is more muscle density.

I don�t bend as hard as I can By destroying the Earth and the Solar System.

But it's an effect, it's a fact.

If you imagine wearing glasses that allow I can see spacetime directly.

Suddenly, you see these hidden features The curved universe is like a hand in front of my face.

We would have seen the curvature of the spacetime network It moves and interacts with the objects inside it.

And we felt the curvature of space-time As a force we call gravity.

Gravity differs from all other forces.

It is related to the curvature of space-time.

The thing that bends spacetime has gravity.

That gravity folds spacetime itself.

It's hard to represent.

But the good resemblance is an acrobatic swing and a safety net.

Imagine acrobatic intentionally falling on the net and that The grid is flat and looks like an equal distance grid.

But when do they fall, they misrepresent that Grid, and it's a lot like space.

When matter is in space, it deflects the frame.

When does an acrobat settle down on the net? Then the spacetime is bent slightly.

If acrobatic settles, the mass doubles in itself The larger the decrease the more the deviation is greater.

And this is how space-time works.

Excess mass means a greater curvature of space-time.

It means more attraction.

But understand the nature of gravity Spacetime is not an easy thing.

It is an idea coined by anyone Greatest minds ever.

Einstein coined the idea that space is an entity By itself it can be folded and folded.

We are bound by space-time.

"Einstein" assumes that space Time has mathematical engineering.

They have both their lives and their driving power.

That driving force is what we call gravity.

The greater the density of the material region The gravity is deeper and the curve is deeper.

This bond is the foundation of our material reality.

The interaction between matter, energy, and spacetime What created the universe that we see around us today.

But that does not mean that we fully understand it.

We don't know much, and it's disappointing.

With the laws of physics I can I talk about how space-time behaves.

But it appears to be a stretching and shrinking entity And that gravity is the embodiment of spacetime.

Growing up in the Big Bang, he merged Time, space and energy to make our newborn universe.

Those basic materials were the basis.

But how did we get to the structures extremely The complexity that we see today?

How did spacetime build our great universe?

Our entire universe arose in the explosion The Great 13.8 billion years ago.

Everything arose out of nowhere.

But our contemporary universe is a complex mixture of materials.

We marvel at our approach to this strange composition For our universe and galaxies and ask yourselves where did all this come from?

The matter in the universe organizes Itself on a vast cosmic web.

Galaxies and galaxy clusters are arranged on plates and strings.

... that intricate web was organized by Cosmic Architect.

Spacetime.

He formed everything from planets For galaxies, and atoms for cities.

The universe consists of spacetime.

Whatever the matter, time and space are related They expand and create the universe that we see around us.

It's all, space-time is what the universe is.

It is a difficult idea to understand.

The most difficult to imagine.

Scientists are watching the universe in Various wavelengths of light.

... this is the sun with visible light X-rays ... and ultraviolet light.

Imagine if we could see it with the spectrum of space-time.

We'll see space-time deviation as objects pass through it.

Spacetime can deviate and push objects around.

It can stretch and push out objects.

But the shape of spacetime determines how we see it.

Imagine you are in a car as you climb up and down a hill.

The shape of the Earth�s surface is what determines it How to travel across the surface of the Earth.

In the same way, the geometry of spacetime is determined How light and matter travel through space-time.

The rules are simple.

Matter, and what object tells space-time how to bend.

The curvature of space-time tells the material how to move.

Because the shape of spacetime tells the material How to move, in what we call gravity.

This means that gravity and the shape of spacetime tell Matter is how it coalesces and creates larger structures.

But at first, it was an environment Space-time is different from its environment today.

The first article began to change the shape of spacetime.

In this space there is a substance A little more room here.

And where there is an extra mass You will bend more space.

And if space leans more, then there will be more mass.

In the nascent universe, the most matter regions Intensity made deep curves in space-time.

And when the mass increased with the fall Substances that become deeper and deeper.

It attracts more material, it is a quick process.

Gravity intensifies to attract more and more material.

It became denser, and stars quickly generated.

Then many stars, then a galaxy arose.

These stars evolved and began to form compositions The largest and most of its nuclear fuel was burned.

It blew up and made all the heavier elements.

Over time things like planets arose The covers, the people, and everything we care about today.

It all started as differences in Energy in expanded space.

Initially, the slight differences became that The huge structures we see today.

Over billions of years, that substance began By gathering into galaxies, stars, planets, and you.

The differences in spacetime expansion patterned the universe.

The curvature of space-time controlled In the development of everything we see today.

If he did not possess spacetime The property and collects the material together.

We will only be a thin mist of hydrogen gas.

It wouldn't be an interesting universe.

Because spacetime did not bend because of matter Inside it the universe will be strange.

I mean there will be no attraction and no There is something that brings things together.

The absence of the force of gravity means The absence of stars, planets or humans.

We attribute our existence to space-time.

But scientists struggle to understand it.

I hope to know what spacetime is.

We know things about spacetime, but in oneself Time feels like we know nothing about spacetime.

Then in 2015, we had the opportunity.

For the first time, "we heard" ripples in space-time.

It generated one of the most intense events in the history of the universe.

The universe is full of spacetime.

We believe it has existed since every start Something quietly pulls the threads of the universe.

Sometimes we watch this hidden controller while it is operating.

In 2016, the silicon saw a strange visual phenomenon.

A strange circle of light like a cosmic aura.

This is what you really see in the sky if it were Your eyes are as sensitive as a telephoto, it's real.

It is not a fake photo when we adjust the images.

Something actually folds spacetime into a lens.

This thing is a red galaxy away Seven billion light years from Earth.

It bends light from a blue galaxy that should hide behind it.

This is called a gravitational lensing effect.

Gravitational lenticular effect is an amazing phenomenon because it manifests itself What Einstein clearly told us is that space is curved.

Space works as a lens The two lenses work in my glasses.

When we look at the universe we see it all, that's cool.

The mass from the front galaxy makes bends In spacetime, which we know by gravity.

Light follows those bends Vertically, and bend around the galaxy.

It can giant bodies like clusters Hungarian to bend the path of light through space-time.

Like the glass that deflects the path of light.

When we look at a distant galaxy We have light passing through a galaxy cluster.

We see many images of the same galaxy.

We see parentheses and circles as if this The cluster is made of glass.

We see spacetime collapse in front of our eyes.

Lenticular gravitational effect gives us Area to see the effects of space-time on light.

But it is only an indirect observation of spacetime.

Is there another way to detect spacetime here on Earth?

You can't see everything that happens in space.

You should listen to him too.

Believe it or not, space is an element More like this iron plate.

Like this iron, space can bend.

If I put too much weight on this The metal plate will change its shape and bend.

It can amazingly space To carry waves, as well as this iron plate.

And to make ripples with this plate You need something strong.

Something like me and my hammer.

See those waves traveling through this iron plate?

The waves travel through space completely In the same way, we call it gravitational waves.

Gravitational waves are vibrations of Cosmic events transmitted through the substance of spacetime.

To launch waves into space, you need The most powerful and massive events in the universe.

Something like a black hole collision.

When two black holes collide, the released energy Shock waves are sent through space-time across the universe.

When you get to the ground you are Slim is not measurable.

Approximately.

In 2015, scientists at the Lego Observatory made a revolutionary observation.

They detected ripples in space-time.

Gravitational waves.

The commotion began to spread, but it became clear after a while.

This was the first direct discovery of waves Gravity with human-made equipment on Earth.

We discovered gravitational waves after waiting for signals for a long time.

... most of us just couldn't believe it.

Rather, she kept doubting all theories Plot by all means to be false.

When I saw that data, I still remember it Now, I remember her emotional impact on me.

This feeling is only matched by seeing a face My daughter for the first time after her birth.

Its emotional impact was huge, to reap the rewards Everything we did in one moment, is amazing.

We can hear these gravitational waves on the ground.

What astonishes us is that it was a coincidence - which was good.

The signals that Lego measures are of a range Frequency of the sounds that the human ear feels.

We can hear the wave frequency change when The black holes come close and collide.

It is a high frequency that looks like this sound.

What we heard with this voice is that two black holes They revolved around each other and collided.

That's how it was.

Listen to the ripples in space-time It gave us a powerful new tool to explore the universe.

Now we hear things attractive for the first time It is a realization that we could not apply to the universe.

And we start to find out.

Observing gravitational waves from black holes.

It is one of his most important discoveries One in astronomy in the past hundred years.

It's hard to overstate how important it is Gravitational waves in astronomy.

It's like directing Galileo Close up of the stars for the first time to see something new.

We now have a new window into the universe.

Gravitational lenticular effect and gravitational waves We see the complex relationship between gravity and space.

But what about the other half of the equation?

Time.

It is spacetime, gravity does not fold Space not only distorted time.

We may think that time cannot Change it, just pass it at a steady rate.

But that is not the universe we live in.

In some crazy circumstances, may My time depends on you.

We may also travel via Time, and we return to the future.

For science fiction lovers, space is the last resort.

For scholars who are investigating Time is their biggest challenge.

We thought time was recognized as sunrise and sunset.

Today we realized that time is a more fundamental concept.

Not only is time passing by But it is an essential part of our universe.

It is part of the fabric of space-time.

The Big Bang was the beginning of space and time.

Since then, space has been expanding And time passed forward.

It has been doing this for 13.8 billion years To make the universe that we see today.

Space and time are connected to each other, they are the same.

When matter affects space-time, do not make a deviation It depends not only on space but also on the passage of time.

Then space-time becomes wonderful.

Gravity also bends space It deflects the flow of time as well.

It is not about our awareness of time But at the rate at which time applies.

Huge objects can deflect and fold space-time.

Not only does space deviate, but it can That the time itself slows or even stops.

The greater the gravity, the greater the deviation.

And what has the strongest attraction? . Black hole.

By being close to the strong gravitational tension of the black hole.

Hours can do strange things Then things get more interesting.

About the black hole bends Space-time and deviation slows down time.

Scientists dream of sending a probe there to test their hypothesis.

There is a famous way of thinking This is called the "twin paradox.".

Where twins are born at the same moment, they are the same age.

But one of them is accelerated near a black hole He waits there for a while and then returns.

If I had a twin symmetric shadow on Earth as I flew near a black hole.

... when we visually call, he will see me.

... and I'll see it.

We will notice that time passes by A different rhythm relative to each other.

The closer to the hole Black slows down time.

Instead of going home, I fell into a hole ... black, so my twin pair on Earth slowed more.

I totally stop and look firm on the horizon of the event.

Time seems to stop.

I feel sorry for him to come home again.

If the twins managed to escape from The black hole will return to the future.

Maybe a few days or weeks have passed And it depends on who traveled to the black hole.

But the other is impure and has grandchildren Where he lived for decades on earth here.

The black hole bends spacetime frequently So that science fiction becomes reality.

Time travel is the foundation of science fiction We know that travel to the past is excluded in our universe.

But time travel to the future is quite acceptable.

Time travel is impossible so far, but I have Space-time is a real influence on our daily lives.

Controls how we age.

The key to different rates of passage of time is gravity.

If you come across a different attractive environment You will have a different passage of time.

When I go up those stairs and get away from The Earth�s mass turns my watch a little faster.

If you go near the roof, your clock will slow down more.

Our hours are sensitive enough to measure This difference in the validity of time.

To maximize this effect we will see Running time varies before us.

The closest we are to the earth seems sluggish.

From above, they appear to be accelerating.

This means that the rich are in their high apartments Aging faster than people on earth.

This is an amazing idea.

But it is true.

The Earth's gravity controls time, even over the planet.

Up 12.5 thousand miles up there Matrix of global positioning satellites.

Important for navigational systems in our carts and mobile phones.

Here on Earth, we use a system Global positioning as a way to navigate.

Most people would get lost these days if 1 kilometer away from their homes.

Unless they use global positioning programs On their phone to tell them their destination.

Your GPS receiver is answering Signals more than four satellites to know your exact location.

It is an accurate timing training.

On board there is an atomic clock.

Weak gravity in orbit means that hours The moons move a little faster than those on Earth.

If we don't correct the fact that the hours are in Our moons are moving at different rates.

When the Global Positioning System worked here on Earth.

It will lose accuracy at rates that will not help the system Positioning in full is useful then in less than an hour.

We correct this every minute every day.

Space-time controlled all A stage in the evolution of our universe from its birth.

We now discover that spacetime It will also determine how the universe will die.

Our universe began with an explosion, 13.8 billion years ago.

It has been expanding ever since.

Does this expansion last forever?

Or will the universe come to a violent end?

We have known for more than a hundred years that the universe is expanding.

Everything in the universe expands away from everything.

We can test this by measuring the light from the exploding stars.

Type 1a supernovae explode with the same luster.

So scientists can know the exact distance from Earth.

For decades astronomers have measured this The light that expands in expanding space.

The universe is expanding, and there is matter in it.

This substance has gravity and works to fold the curvature of space-time.

It makes sense, then, that when the universe expands, it will hold together All materials cosmically attractive to each other.

If there is enough material in the universe, it can To tighten itself enough to slow down the expansion.

But in 1998, astronomers did With new measurements, they made an exciting discovery.

People expected expansion to slow But in return, they found it accelerating.

If expansion slows, it should appear These far lights are brighter.

In contrast, it was darker.

It was moving away faster than we expected.

This means only one thing.

Expansion is accelerating, it is accelerating every day.

This discovery completely changed our understanding of the universe.

In the first seven billion years of the universe The rate of expansion of the universe was slower and slower.

Then something crazy happened.

It is as if gravity has become the opposite, instead They attract galaxies as if they were pushing them away.

This is an amazing result that we are still trying to understand.

Was gravity losing its strength?

Or was there something else that kept space apart?

Then another component of our universe is behaving strangely.

A mysterious entity is called dark energy.

Like space-time, dark energy surrounds us.

We do not see it, but it composes up to seventy Percent of matter in our universe.

But what is it specifically?

Darkness means that we do not know what it is and do not know its shape.

Something is pouring energy In the universe, making it accelerate.

We don't know what it is.

There is no evidence at all.

We do not have the slightest explanation, it is the biggest mystery in science today.

Dark energy behaves in mysterious ways.

Regular material is attractive, but energy Darkness drives this causing acceleration.

Ordinary matter is affected by gravity You converge, but that does not happen with that substance.

Is dark energy a new force in the universe? Or came like gravity from spacetime itself?

Dark energy may be a property of spacetime.

Perhaps space has energy and is What is being marketed to accelerate expansion.

Dark energy is an entity, we don't know exactly what it is.

But it will have a huge impact on Future changes in the universe three hundred fifty 00:34:16,189 --> 00:34:23,062 What would happen if you kept the energy Darkness on the acceleration of the expansion of our spacetime?

Due to the presence of dark energy it will expand faster and faster.

What makes the universe a more isolated place.

... all galaxies will accelerate apart.

... the universe will become darker and cooler.

Everything will become darker and more isolated.

There is a major candidate for what will happen in our future.

In the end, our temporal universe freezes.

The Great Freeze is the last end of the universe that we know.

It is a terrible fate, a bleak fate But fortunately for us, it will only happen after a long time.

After trillions of years, the universe may end in a great freeze.

But a 2017 study suggests a more terrifying possibility.

Dark energy may become more powerful.

There is an outrageous possibility of the ultimate fate of the universe.

Dark energy is strong enough To crush the gravitational pull of the galaxy itself.

You might even be able to tear black holes apart.

The fabric that ties everything together may be torn.

This theory is called the Great Rip.

Hungarian clusters will be torn first Then galaxies like ours are the Milky Way.

Then our solar system will be torn apart.

And in the last half hour of the universe, the Earth will explode.

In the last second, the atoms will evaporate.

Everything in the universe will be torn apart by the expansion of the universe.

We don't understand dark energy, uh Fixed? Are you strengthening? Is it weakening?

At that point, we don�t know.

The future of our temporal universe is suspended.

Asenah ends in great rip or great freezing? Or is the end just the beginning?

Space-time controlled me The birth of our universe, and his death will be decided too.

Today we discover that these two events are connected A link reveals a flaw in our understanding of the Big Bang.

All that we see, all matter and all energy in our universe.

She was previously held in A spot smaller than the size of an atom.

We call that tiny infinitely small point.

The general theory of relativity predicts the singularities.

... but the universe rules another set of rules.

Quantum mechanics.

Quantum mechanics is our description of the subatomic world Particles, fields, and fundamental forces and how they react.

Quantum mechanics states that no The presence of something infinitesimally small or dense.

The singularities cannot be present.

Uniqueness is a small part where everything is finite because The densities are finite and the gravitational forces are finite.

It breaks all laws and becomes unreasonable.

The lack of uniqueness means no The presence of the Big Bang as we understand it.

So how did our universe originate?

Scientists now believe they have the answer.

... a solution consistent with general relativity and quantum mechanics.

Quantum spacetime.

Successful quantum spacetime theory answers Asked what had happened in the first moments of our universe.

We hope that the correct quantum theory of gravity does not contain Any singularity, we'll replace the Big Bang with something else.

If we know what this other thing is, it will be lost We deduce how and why the universe began.

In the Big Bang of quantum space There was no uniqueness that exploded out of nowhere.

Rather, the universe arose from the remains of another dying universe.

A universe could exist before the Big Bang and space And a time, and instead of expanding the universe was shrinking.

The universes may not have ended in rips or freezes.

Maybe it collapses.

An ancient universe then expanded He started to fall apart by his gravity.

To crush space-time to a point.

But instead of being unique Space-time erupted again.

When matter became more dense when it was crushed That force pushed everything out.

Then the universe rebounds and explodes again on a tour New from expansion and new great explosion.

Understand that the Big Bang is the product of this bounce.

This assumes that the spacetime decides on Our lives today came from the collapse of an ancient universe.

And we live in an endless spacetime cycle of Birth, death, and rebirth.

The universe of my space is bouncing.

If we live in a regression, then who is it? It is accepted that the universe is very ancient.

And he underwent an endless series of Bounces and no absolute start.

We may be a repetition of an infinite number Of cycles in the life of an essential universe.

We hardly understand space-time.

Perhaps we will not fully understand it.

But it is clear that without Spacetime when we were here.

Space-time is a real thing, it is part of Basic architecture and furniture for reality.

To understand the ultimate fate of our universe you will not It suffices to look only more closely at our approach.

Rather, we must understand the fundamental nature of spacetime.

I think the biggest thing we draw From all this is that the universe is strange.

Many believe we are taking Drugs make up that and make up it.

The answer is that we are driven by this madness.

The universe is more crazy than we imagined.

You are now living in a former complex, beautiful universe More than the human mind can perceive.