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Hello, this is AJ.
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Welcome to the vocabulary lesson for “Healthy
at 100.”
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Now, I know the vocabulary lesson is probably
the least exciting and interesting lesson
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of the collection.
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And that’s okay.
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In fact, it’s really my least favorite as
well.
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I’d say listen to it one or two times, maybe
the first and second day, and after that you
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don’t need to listen to it every single
day.
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The most important lessons are, y’know,
the main, the main lesson, the main audio
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and the mini‐story and the POV.
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Those are the most important but, y’know,
listen to the vocabulary lesson a few times
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the first couple days of the week.
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Alright, let’s get started with the vocabulary
lesson for Healthy at 100.
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There is actually a good amount of vocabulary
in this one.
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Our first word is correlation, so he talks
about the correlation between cancer and animal
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food.
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Cancer and animal food, there’s a correlation
between the two.
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Correlation means connection or association.
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It means the two go together.
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They happen at the same time.
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If you’re eating a lot of animal food then
you’re going to have more chance of cancer.
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They’re connected.
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There’s a connection there.
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So that’s called a correlation, correlation.
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Now, it does have a little bit more specific,
scientific meaning if you’re talking about
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research but you’ll learn that in a research
class or a statistics class.
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The general meaning is a connection, an association
between two things, correlation.
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So correlation, there’s a correlation between
cancer, high cancer rates, and eating animal
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food.
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Next we have the word consumption.
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There’s a correlation between cancer and
animal food consumption.
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So here, consumption just means eating.
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Consumption, eating, very simple.
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Animal food consumption, animal food eating.
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When you consume, it’s the verb is consume,
to consume means to eat or to use up.
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Use it all.
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So consumption is the noun.
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It just means eating.
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Very simple.
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Little bit later we have the word colon.
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There is a study of colon cancer.
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Women who ate a lot of meat had high rates
of colon cancer.
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So colon is part of your body, it’s your
gut.
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It’s your bowel.
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It’s your lower intestine, right?
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So your food goes in.
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It goes down your throat into your stomach.
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From your stomach it goes into your upper
intestine...do da do da do...and then finally
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into your lower intestine.
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Into your colon, and then it comes out your
body again.
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So colon is your bowel, your gut, your lower
intestine.
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Next we have the word dairy.
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Dairy products, dairy food.
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Dairy just means milk or cheese.
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It’s something that comes from milk or cheese.
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Comes from an animal, you don’t kill it.
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It’s not meat.
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You know, meat is the muscle of the animal.
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But dairy products, it usually comes from
the milk of the animal.
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So milk and cheese are the most common dairy
products.
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Milk and cheese, dairy, dairy products.
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So the more dairy products you consume, the
more dairy products you eat, the more cancer
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you’re going to have, the more disease you’re
going to have or may have.
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Your risk is much higher.
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Next we have the word prostate, prostate cancer.
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So there was this study at Harvard University
and they found a correlation, a connection,
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between dairy products and prostate cancer,
that’s a specific kind of cancer.
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Prostate is a gland, it’s a, like a little
organ, a little body part in men, and it’s
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kind of near the penis and testicles.
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It’s down, y’know, it’s kind of in that
area.
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It’s a little tiny area of tissue.
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And it is at risk for cancer so a lot of men
get prostate cancer.
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In fact, my grandfather died of prostate cancer,
one of my grandfathers.
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And a lot of men are at risk for prostate
cancer.
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And more dairy products men eat, drink, consume,
the higher their risk for prostate cancer,
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whereas strict vegetarian men, for example,
have a very low risk for prostate cancer.
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So again prostate is the part of the body
and cancer is the disease.
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We see the phrase advanced cancer, advanced
cancer.
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You know the word advanced.
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Advanced means, y’know, high level.
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So if we’re talking about advanced cancer
it just means cancer that has already grown
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a lot.
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High level cancer means very bad cancer.
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It’s not just starting, it’s already grown
a lot.
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It’s developed a lot, so that’s advanced
cancer.
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It’s very serious, very bad cancer.
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There’s another phrase, it’s not common
at all, but it’s in the article so we’ll
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talk about it, metastatic cancer.
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Metastatic means spreading.
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It means something that’s growing.
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It’s moving through the body.
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It’s not just in one part of the body.
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And of course, that’s very serious, it’s
very bad.
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It’s a very terrible thing.
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Later we have the phrase on the other hand.
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You probably already know this one but on
the other hand means however.
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Say “On the other hand people who don’t
eat dairy products have low rates of cancer.”
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So it means however.
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Okay.
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Next we have associated with, associated with,
so high rates of meat consumption are associated
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with cancer.
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And that’s the same as correlation, it just
means connected to.
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So associated with means connected to, connected
to...associated with.
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It means they go together, they happen together.
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Next we have the word whopping.
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Okay, so they studied men and men who drank
soy milk instead of cow’s milk had a whopping
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70% reduction in their risk of prostate cancer.
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Whopping means very big, huge.
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So it’s a huge reduction.
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It’s not small.
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It’s not a small reduction.
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It’s a huge reduction.
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Of course reduction means make something smaller,
get smaller.
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So much less, much, much less, whopping, big
change.
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Big difference, a whopping difference is a
big difference.
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It’s a huge difference.
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It’s a whopping difference.
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Next we have the word genetic.
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The differences are not genetic.
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So genetic means related to biology, related
to family, related to race, right?
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My father and I are genetically connected,
right?
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His biology and mine are connected, they’re
similar.
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And my mother and I and my sister and I, right,
we are genetically connected.
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So the differences are not genetic.
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It’s not because someone is Chinese.
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If someone is Chinese it doesn’t guarantee
they will be healthy.
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Their race, their genetics is not what is
important.
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It’s how they eat.
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A Chinese person who eats like an American
is going to be unhealthy.
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And actually today, many, many Chinese people
are eating like Americans and they are becoming
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less healthy.
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It’s happening in many parts of the world.
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So it’s not genetic, it’s not because
of family or race.
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It’s because of behavior.
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And finally we have the word counterparts.
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So it’s talking about the study between
Chinese people who eat traditional food, vegetarian
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kind of diets in China, and then Chinese Americans
who eat American food.
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So he says Chinese American men living in
the United States are 10 times more likely
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to get cancer as their genetic counterparts
who eat vegetarian food in China.
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Okay, so they’re counterparts.
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Counterparts means a match or equal, an identical
thing, an identical part.
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So in other words you have genetically, biologically,
a Chinese American and a Chinese person.
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They’re both Chinese, right?
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Their biology, their body, they’re both
Chinese.
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One is living in the United States.
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One is living in China.
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Maybe it’s brothers, for example.
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You might have one brother living in China,
one brother living in San Francisco.
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So genetically they’re very close biology,
right?
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They are counterparts, they are genetic counterparts,
genetic matches, genetic equals, right?
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So they are identical parts, almost identical,
very similar.
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Two brothers, Chinese in China, Chinese in
the United States, right?
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They’re counterparts.
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They’re matches.
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They’re equals.
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But the one who eats a high fat, high meat,
high dairy diet is going to get sick, has
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a very high risk for cancer.
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The one that eats a very low meat, low dairy,
almost vegetarian diet has very low risk for
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cancer.
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So they’re genetic counterparts but the
behavior can determine their health.
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So again counterpart means two parts that
are equal, two parts that are very similar.
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And that is the end of the vocabulary lesson
for Healthy at 100.
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Big smile.
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Big breath.
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On to the next lesson.
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