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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:02:29,580 --> 00:02:35,495 The inscription on King Solomon's ring read: ''All is vanity''. 2 00:02:36,579 --> 00:02:42,495 l would assert that in the human mind all is imprinted and preserved. 3 00:02:42,579 --> 00:02:47,015 Ethically speaking, time is reversible. 4 00:02:47,098 --> 00:02:51,489 For man, time can't just disappear without a trace- 5 00:02:51,578 --> 00:02:56,287 -because it's subjective, belongs in the category of spirituality. 6 00:02:56,377 --> 00:03:01,929 The times we live through are stored in our soul as layers of experience- 7 00:03:02,017 --> 00:03:04,814 -bound by time. 8 00:03:32,014 --> 00:03:36,404 ln some ways, the past is much more real- 9 00:03:36,493 --> 00:03:41,009 -or at least more stable and constant than the present. 10 00:03:41,093 --> 00:03:45,483 The present is ever elusive and disappears like sand through fingers- 11 00:03:45,572 --> 00:03:49,724 -and only achieves material weight in memory. 12 00:03:51,132 --> 00:03:53,122 Once upon a time, long ago- 13 00:03:55,131 --> 00:03:58,123 -an old monk lived in an orthodox monastery. 14 00:03:59,611 --> 00:04:01,601 His name was Pamve. 15 00:04:02,130 --> 00:04:07,124 And once, he planted a barren tree on a mountainside, just like this. 16 00:04:10,130 --> 00:04:14,964 Then he told his young pupil, a monk called lvan Kolov- 17 00:04:15,129 --> 00:04:20,600 -that he should water the tree each day until it came to life. 18 00:04:25,608 --> 00:04:34,117 The monastery scene happens here. You tell the boy the story here... 19 00:04:35,127 --> 00:04:44,125 You talk about the system. Then you say: look how beautiful it is- 20 00:04:45,126 --> 00:04:48,118 -like an ikebana, only bigger than in Japan. 21 00:04:49,126 --> 00:04:51,116 Then there's a cry from Otto... 22 00:04:55,125 --> 00:04:57,958 You can't get rid of me so easily, Alexander! 23 00:04:58,125 --> 00:05:00,115 Beautiful, isn't it? 24 00:05:01,124 --> 00:05:02,955 lt's like in Japan...ikebana. 25 00:05:03,124 --> 00:05:07,117 l've been invited to your place tonight to celebrate your birthday. 26 00:05:08,124 --> 00:05:09,954 lt's a great honour for me! 27 00:05:10,123 --> 00:05:13,115 And then, when he asks about God, you tell him nothing. 28 00:05:15,123 --> 00:05:18,115 You don't want to talk about it. 29 00:05:23,122 --> 00:05:25,033 You walk in this direction... 30 00:05:25,122 --> 00:05:31,117 -What's your relationship to God? -None. What do you mean? 31 00:05:32,121 --> 00:05:35,033 You get on the bike... 32 00:05:35,121 --> 00:05:38,112 ..and begin cycling around him. 33 00:05:41,120 --> 00:05:44,112 And you walk... 34 00:05:46,120 --> 00:05:49,111 ...and you cycle around. 35 00:05:50,119 --> 00:05:53,111 You walk. Do you follow? 36 00:05:55,119 --> 00:05:57,109 Walk just the way you like. 37 00:06:02,038 --> 00:06:10,388 Cinema is the only art that operates with the concept of time. 38 00:06:10,477 --> 00:06:17,951 Not because of its developing in time, because so does music- 39 00:06:18,036 --> 00:06:25,465 -and theatre and ballet and other art forms. 40 00:06:27,075 --> 00:06:32,103 l mean time in the literal sense. 41 00:06:34,475 --> 00:06:38,103 After all, what is a take? 42 00:06:39,994 --> 00:06:45,386 From when we say: ''action!'' 43 00:06:45,473 --> 00:06:50,103 To when we end by saying ''cut'', what is happening? 44 00:06:54,473 --> 00:07:01,503 lt is the fixing of reality, the fixing of time. 45 00:07:07,071 --> 00:07:11,747 The conservation of time- 46 00:07:11,831 --> 00:07:17,462 -for us to keep forever. 47 00:07:17,550 --> 00:07:24,182 No other art form can fix time except cinema. 48 00:07:24,269 --> 00:07:29,389 So film is a mosaic of time. 49 00:07:29,469 --> 00:07:32,108 ...all three have dialogue. 50 00:07:39,028 --> 00:07:44,579 So what is the essence of the artistic work in film? 51 00:07:44,667 --> 00:07:49,377 With certain reservations, you could call it sculpting in time. 52 00:07:49,467 --> 00:07:52,981 Just like the sculptor takes a block of marble and with a feel for- 53 00:07:53,066 --> 00:07:57,378 -how the future piece will look, carves away all that is superfluous. 54 00:07:57,466 --> 00:08:03,904 The film maker also carves away all that's superfluous from a time block- 55 00:08:03,985 --> 00:08:08,376 -from an enormous and solid mass of living facts. 56 00:08:08,465 --> 00:08:13,458 ln the finished product, he only leaves the necessary elements. 57 00:08:13,544 --> 00:08:18,857 That which will stand out as the components of the cinematic image. 58 00:08:19,104 --> 00:08:22,095 We dolly a little faster. 59 00:08:23,103 --> 00:08:26,095 The walls are... 60 00:08:27,103 --> 00:08:29,094 Come here. 61 00:08:33,102 --> 00:08:37,095 This is what they were like in Gotland. 62 00:08:40,582 --> 00:08:43,573 Does he want it darker? 63 00:08:44,101 --> 00:08:47,093 No, l don't think so. 64 00:08:56,100 --> 00:08:59,012 Doesn't he like it? 65 00:08:59,100 --> 00:09:02,091 lt's beautiful in its own right... 66 00:09:05,099 --> 00:09:10,092 l don't like the colour. lt's red. 67 00:09:13,098 --> 00:09:17,091 -The sofa or the cushions? -Both. 68 00:09:18,338 --> 00:09:23,365 The biggest obstacle in dealing with the set designer and cinematographer- 69 00:09:23,457 --> 00:09:27,575 -is to make them, as well as every other member of the crew- 70 00:09:27,657 --> 00:09:33,367 -into collaborators and shapers of the idea behind the film. 71 00:09:33,456 --> 00:09:39,974 lt is fundamental that they are not passive, indifferent to the work- 72 00:09:40,055 --> 00:09:43,889 -but instead participate as creative artists- 73 00:09:43,975 --> 00:09:47,968 -who share the director's feelings and thoughts. 74 00:09:48,095 --> 00:09:49,083 Beige? 75 00:09:52,094 --> 00:09:55,006 ...in this colour, for example? 76 00:09:55,094 --> 00:09:59,928 lt would be good. There'd be contrast. 77 00:10:00,093 --> 00:10:04,689 Right. So we could have the same for the chairs and the sofa. 78 00:10:08,092 --> 00:10:12,005 The glass is very beautiful. 79 00:10:13,092 --> 00:10:18,324 There could be reflections from over there, too - everywhere. 80 00:10:25,051 --> 00:10:30,078 What do you think? Do you like it? 81 00:10:32,090 --> 00:10:38,358 l think it's good, but we should blacken it a bit. 82 00:10:38,449 --> 00:10:42,078 -No, no, no! -Yes. Just a bit. 83 00:10:43,049 --> 00:10:46,007 We have to make a decision on principle. 84 00:10:46,089 --> 00:10:49,080 The background will be dark. 85 00:10:52,848 --> 00:10:58,717 And the walls will be dark; it'll be better. 86 00:11:02,087 --> 00:11:08,355 Can we move this mirror if we have to? lt's very beautiful - so simple. 87 00:11:08,446 --> 00:11:15,954 He was very involved in the set design. 88 00:11:16,045 --> 00:11:22,359 He chose the exteriors himself, plus the interiors and the furniture... 89 00:11:22,445 --> 00:11:29,361 The assistant director normally takes care of all that- 90 00:11:29,444 --> 00:11:33,960 -at least in Moscow. Here, there's no such job. 91 00:11:34,044 --> 00:11:40,437 l was assistant director for all his earlier films. 92 00:11:40,523 --> 00:11:45,357 He was pedantic about detail- 93 00:11:45,442 --> 00:11:52,359 -the colour of a dress, or hair or make-up... 94 00:11:52,442 --> 00:12:00,837 He was involved in everything. And the results show on the screen. 95 00:12:00,921 --> 00:12:06,358 All this might seem petty, but it isn't- 96 00:12:06,440 --> 00:12:11,958 -because everything contributes to the feeling in a film. 97 00:12:12,040 --> 00:12:18,956 lt wasn't that he didn't trust people or didn't want their help- 98 00:12:19,039 --> 00:12:24,431 -he just believed that what he could do himself, he should do. 99 00:12:24,518 --> 00:12:30,354 l'd like to quote from his diary... 100 00:12:30,438 --> 00:12:33,952 ...from March 25, 1 985. 101 00:12:34,037 --> 00:12:38,508 ''Never trouble anyone else with what you can do yourself.'' 102 00:12:38,597 --> 00:12:46,355 That was typical of Andrei. Both at work and in private. 103 00:12:47,076 --> 00:12:51,069 We could be placed diagonally, too. As we like. 104 00:12:57,075 --> 00:12:59,953 There's not much window there. 105 00:13:00,035 --> 00:13:03,071 Maybe over here instead. 106 00:13:05,914 --> 00:13:07,905 This is good! 107 00:13:08,074 --> 00:13:12,066 We could move the table... to the centre of the picture. 108 00:13:14,073 --> 00:13:17,065 lt'll be melancholic. 109 00:13:19,073 --> 00:13:25,068 lt's good, this interior with the old furniture and the lamps... 110 00:13:28,072 --> 00:13:33,429 lt provokes a sort of nostalgic feeling... 111 00:13:37,071 --> 00:13:40,062 We can do it however we like. 112 00:13:42,070 --> 00:13:48,339 So you prefer this angle? Because there are dark walls and 2 windows? 113 00:13:48,430 --> 00:13:52,945 This or the one from the middle. 114 00:13:53,029 --> 00:13:56,066 -But dark walls? -Yes. 115 00:14:19,026 --> 00:14:23,941 The lights dimmed more and more, but it didn't grow darker. 116 00:14:24,026 --> 00:14:29,418 As if the age of light, the unnatural delayer of darkness- 117 00:14:29,505 --> 00:14:31,814 -was almost in reach. 118 00:14:31,905 --> 00:14:37,104 The darkness that should have fallen long ago, but still had not set in. 119 00:14:41,424 --> 00:14:45,940 Alexander sat in an armchair by one of the living room windows- 120 00:14:46,024 --> 00:14:50,892 -thumbing through a thick monograph of old Russian icons. 121 00:14:50,983 --> 00:14:54,896 The pages rustled. Gold and ivory- 122 00:14:54,983 --> 00:15:00,852 -purple-coloured and fire-like creases in garments, rock-ledges in ochre- 123 00:15:00,942 --> 00:15:07,779 -glimmers of a fantastical, never existing architecture were observed. 124 00:15:07,861 --> 00:15:10,933 Look in the camera. 125 00:15:11,021 --> 00:15:13,899 That's good, Erland. l just wanted to see something. 126 00:15:14,061 --> 00:15:17,052 ...too much at an angle. 127 00:15:18,060 --> 00:15:20,972 Could it be like this? 128 00:15:21,060 --> 00:15:24,052 But it'll be hard for him. 129 00:15:25,060 --> 00:15:28,051 Hold it like that. 130 00:15:35,938 --> 00:15:39,089 The curtains should be fluttering. 131 00:15:47,977 --> 00:15:52,926 So, film is fundamentally an observation about the facts of life- 132 00:15:53,017 --> 00:15:55,166 -through time. 133 00:15:55,256 --> 00:16:00,933 Contemplation that corresponds with the patterns of life and laws of time. 134 00:16:01,016 --> 00:16:04,326 Observation means making choices. 135 00:16:04,416 --> 00:16:08,931 After all, we only leave behind the right components of the image. 136 00:16:09,015 --> 00:16:14,407 But the image doesn't become truly cinematic until it not only lives in time- 137 00:16:14,494 --> 00:16:17,486 -but when time also lives in it. 138 00:16:17,574 --> 00:16:24,411 l used to feel that way, but when the boy was born everything changed. 139 00:16:24,493 --> 00:16:28,406 Not all at once, of course, but little by little- 140 00:16:28,493 --> 00:16:34,931 -as he grew. l'm very attached to him. 141 00:16:35,012 --> 00:16:41,042 They have to be able to walk behind the picture, Kicki. 142 00:16:43,052 --> 00:16:46,043 ...so the actors can walk here. 143 00:16:53,050 --> 00:16:56,963 We could put a weight here and two supports. 144 00:16:57,050 --> 00:17:00,042 When the father stands up... 145 00:17:01,530 --> 00:17:04,521 ...you'll begin from here. 146 00:17:05,049 --> 00:17:13,046 Then you straighten up... turn...and walk... 147 00:17:14,048 --> 00:17:18,917 Should she do that with her hair? - Do like that with your hair. 148 00:17:19,008 --> 00:17:24,035 But there were people living then, and not so badly at that. 149 00:17:28,487 --> 00:17:35,403 And after that line you add: ''What are the words?'' 150 00:17:38,486 --> 00:17:41,046 -''l am so sick for freedom...'' -Yes! 151 00:17:42,045 --> 00:17:45,037 You are trying to recall something. 152 00:17:49,045 --> 00:17:53,083 We want to suggest that these are not your thoughts. 153 00:17:55,004 --> 00:17:57,882 You turn around and walk... 154 00:18:01,683 --> 00:18:08,031 ''l am so sick for freedom, that if anyone should forbid me access''- 155 00:18:09,403 --> 00:18:13,031 -''to some corner of the lndies, l should live''- 156 00:18:14,402 --> 00:18:16,870 -''distinctly less comfortably.'' 157 00:18:17,042 --> 00:18:21,353 ''As long as l find earth or air open elsewhere''- 158 00:18:21,521 --> 00:18:25,878 -''l shall not lurk in any place where l have to hide.'' 159 00:18:25,961 --> 00:18:30,033 This is how we'll do it: Adelaide stands... 160 00:18:39,399 --> 00:18:45,474 Searching as a process, is to the finished product- 161 00:18:45,559 --> 00:18:49,312 -as the walk through the woods in search of mushrooms- 162 00:18:49,398 --> 00:18:54,916 -is to what has already been found and collected in the mushroom basket. 163 00:18:54,998 --> 00:18:59,275 Only the full mushroom basket is like the finished work of art. 164 00:18:59,357 --> 00:19:03,396 The content of the basket is real and unconditional- 165 00:19:03,477 --> 00:19:08,311 -while walking through the woods remains a question of loving walks- 166 00:19:08,396 --> 00:19:11,388 -and fresh air. 167 00:19:47,992 --> 00:19:51,871 l want Sven and Andrei to decide how to set up the dolly- 168 00:19:51,952 --> 00:19:55,865 -by the water because the guys want to start building the rails. 169 00:19:56,032 --> 00:20:00,024 Shall we pump water from the pool over there? 170 00:20:03,231 --> 00:20:08,384 The difficulties in connection with a film's concept has very little- 171 00:20:08,470 --> 00:20:12,463 -to do with the original inspiration for it. 172 00:20:12,550 --> 00:20:17,304 The problem is keeping your conception intact and uncorrupted- 173 00:20:17,389 --> 00:20:22,224 -as a source of inspiration and symbol for the finished product. 174 00:20:22,309 --> 00:20:27,860 The risk is that the conception degenerates in the rush during filming- 175 00:20:27,948 --> 00:20:33,386 -and that the film is mutilated during the process of its own realisation. 176 00:20:33,468 --> 00:20:38,825 The film's path from conception to finished copy is fraught with danger. 177 00:20:38,907 --> 00:20:43,742 lt's not just technical problems, but also the number of people- 178 00:20:43,827 --> 00:20:45,942 -who are involved in the process. 179 00:20:47,026 --> 00:20:50,416 The hotel will go crazy if they have to give us lunch. 180 00:20:50,506 --> 00:20:55,295 So much to do! l hope these won't be in shot tomorrow... 181 00:20:55,385 --> 00:20:58,775 Try to get them to shoot from the inside looking out... 182 00:20:58,865 --> 00:21:04,018 We're gonna need farmers and cows... 183 00:21:05,384 --> 00:21:09,297 lt's no exaggeration to say that the director runs the risk of transforming- 184 00:21:09,384 --> 00:21:13,899 -into just a witness who watches while the writer writes- 185 00:21:13,983 --> 00:21:17,373 -the set designer designs the sets, the actors act- 186 00:21:17,463 --> 00:21:20,773 -and the editor edits the movie. 187 00:21:20,863 --> 00:21:26,300 That is actually what happens in extremely commercialised productions. 188 00:21:26,382 --> 00:21:28,850 l just have to check the exposure... 189 00:21:29,022 --> 00:21:32,855 We could as easily shoot this scene outside the Film lnstitute! 190 00:21:33,021 --> 00:21:36,013 1 52 when he goes in, and 1 65 later... 191 00:21:37,021 --> 00:21:40,013 First there are big letters saying: 'Katinka Farrago presents'- 192 00:21:41,021 --> 00:21:45,013 -and then it says: 'Tarkovsky' and then itjust starts! 193 00:21:48,940 --> 00:21:54,059 You can move mountains when people who work together to realise a vision- 194 00:21:54,139 --> 00:21:58,178 -in spite of different personalities, temperaments and ages are united- 195 00:21:58,259 --> 00:22:03,332 -into one single collective inspired by a common passion. 196 00:22:03,418 --> 00:22:08,287 lf you can build a genuinely creative atmosphere among the crew- 197 00:22:08,378 --> 00:22:12,893 -it won't matter who's the originator of one idea or the other- 198 00:22:12,977 --> 00:22:16,890 -about how to realize the movie. Who thought of how to achieve a close-up- 199 00:22:16,977 --> 00:22:21,288 -or a panning shot, who suggested a certain lighting- 200 00:22:21,376 --> 00:22:24,368 -or a certain camera angle. 201 00:22:37,015 --> 00:22:40,007 -We'll shoot as soon as possible. -Yes. 202 00:22:42,014 --> 00:22:45,848 -But we have to fix the poles. -All of them? 203 00:22:46,014 --> 00:22:47,493 Yep. All six. 204 00:22:52,373 --> 00:22:56,366 lf there's something l see before a shot- 205 00:22:56,453 --> 00:23:01,287 -something l visualize, it is more the actual state- 206 00:23:01,372 --> 00:23:05,490 -the character of the tension in the scenes to be filmed- 207 00:23:05,572 --> 00:23:09,359 -and the psychological state of the characters. 208 00:23:09,451 --> 00:23:14,366 But l still don't know anything about what form it will take. 209 00:23:14,451 --> 00:23:20,286 l go to the location to get a feel for exactly how- 210 00:23:20,370 --> 00:23:24,886 -and with the aid of what tools this state can be realized on-screen. 211 00:23:24,970 --> 00:23:28,360 Once l have this clear in my mind the shooting begins. 212 00:24:31,003 --> 00:24:35,360 Not at all! lt's genuine. lt's an original. 213 00:24:35,443 --> 00:24:38,832 -lt's not possible! -Oh, so beautiful! 214 00:24:39,002 --> 00:24:42,358 We'll have to take it inside. Come on, then! 215 00:24:42,442 --> 00:24:46,992 lt's much too expensive... l'm not sure that l should... 216 00:24:53,001 --> 00:24:58,438 My memory retains only what l need to remember. 217 00:24:58,520 --> 00:25:05,357 l never remember things that could hurt or disturb me. 218 00:25:05,439 --> 00:25:10,957 This doesn't mean l'm not aware of things. 219 00:25:11,039 --> 00:25:15,350 lt's just that my memory is selective. 220 00:25:15,438 --> 00:25:20,353 lt retains certain things independent of my will. 221 00:25:20,438 --> 00:25:25,875 l'm not claiming l have a good memory: on the contrary. 222 00:25:25,957 --> 00:25:32,271 l remember few concrete details. But l have a strong emotional recall. 223 00:25:32,357 --> 00:25:39,546 l recall feelings rather than meetings, people and situations. 224 00:26:20,432 --> 00:26:26,347 External events, intrigues, causal connections- 225 00:26:26,431 --> 00:26:31,061 -mean less and less with each movie l make. 226 00:26:31,151 --> 00:26:34,938 l've always been interested in man's internal world. 227 00:26:35,030 --> 00:26:40,263 That's why it's more natural to travel through my main character's psyche- 228 00:26:40,350 --> 00:26:45,343 -within the cultural traditions that is the foundation for his spiritual world. 229 00:26:50,349 --> 00:26:54,864 l'm interested in the human being, because she has the entire universe- 230 00:26:54,948 --> 00:26:59,897 -hidden within her. And in order to express this idea- 231 00:26:59,988 --> 00:27:04,424 -about the meaning of human existence you don't need a wide screen- 232 00:27:04,507 --> 00:27:07,499 -with an abundance of events. 233 00:27:33,544 --> 00:27:39,778 You mean that in 3 or 4 shots he walks around her? 234 00:27:42,943 --> 00:27:45,776 Maybe it's a little unnatural? 235 00:27:49,782 --> 00:27:52,774 What do you think is best? 236 00:27:53,782 --> 00:27:57,775 We see her in the foreground and he walks around behind. 237 00:28:02,781 --> 00:28:08,776 So she is in medium shot in the foreground- 238 00:28:11,780 --> 00:28:15,773 -and he is in the background. That could be really good. 239 00:28:22,939 --> 00:28:26,614 And then a cross-cut shot - and this is a close-up- 240 00:28:26,779 --> 00:28:29,770 -where we see her face only once. 241 00:28:30,778 --> 00:28:37,774 lt's important to see that she's tense and a little mysterious. 242 00:28:38,777 --> 00:28:43,771 And then a really good close-up of her face and eyes. 243 00:28:48,776 --> 00:28:50,767 l'll go now. 244 00:29:11,774 --> 00:29:19,248 My relationship with the world is more emotional. 245 00:29:19,333 --> 00:29:24,327 l have a contemplative relationship with reality. 246 00:29:24,413 --> 00:29:30,851 l don't think about reality - l try to perceive it. 247 00:29:30,932 --> 00:29:36,847 l relate to reality more like an animal, like a child- 248 00:29:36,931 --> 00:29:45,759 -more than a mature adult who can think and draw conclusions. 249 00:30:14,887 --> 00:30:18,323 The actor has to maintain a psychological state- 250 00:30:18,407 --> 00:30:21,319 -that is impossible to simulate. 251 00:30:21,407 --> 00:30:27,800 The film has to show the truth of the state of the soul that can't be hidden. 252 00:30:27,886 --> 00:30:31,322 The director who has put the actor into the right frame of mind- 253 00:30:31,406 --> 00:30:36,320 -must then make sure that no false notes arise. 254 00:30:36,405 --> 00:30:41,320 The film actor can put himself into the right frame of mind in different ways. 255 00:30:41,405 --> 00:30:45,238 lt depends on external circumstances and the personality of the actor- 256 00:30:45,324 --> 00:30:48,236 -that you're working with. 257 00:31:28,400 --> 00:31:33,234 The important thing is for the actor to express different soul states- 258 00:31:33,319 --> 00:31:37,312 -that are his own, that are natural to him- 259 00:31:37,399 --> 00:31:44,076 -and correspond to his psychophysical, emotional, intellectual constitution. 260 00:31:44,918 --> 00:31:49,309 l don't care how he does it. l don't have the right to force- 261 00:31:49,398 --> 00:31:54,391 -the actor to express in a certain way, as we all have different ways- 262 00:31:54,477 --> 00:31:57,469 -to experience any given situation. 263 00:32:05,756 --> 00:32:11,193 Your mental state is what is important. 264 00:32:11,275 --> 00:32:16,747 Shall she move towards me or away from me? Towards or away? 265 00:33:49,465 --> 00:33:54,300 lt can be detrimental for an actor to be too aware- 266 00:33:54,385 --> 00:33:58,502 -of the director's overall plan when he arrives on location. 267 00:33:58,584 --> 00:34:02,338 lt is up to the director to structure the role- 268 00:34:02,424 --> 00:34:08,293 -in order to give the actor complete freedom in the individual passages. 269 00:34:08,383 --> 00:34:12,217 A freedom which would be unthinkable on the stage of a theatre. 270 00:34:12,303 --> 00:34:16,215 lf the actor structures his role himself he is bereaved of the opportunity- 271 00:34:16,302 --> 00:34:21,171 -to act spontaneously and instinctively within the dictated framework- 272 00:34:21,262 --> 00:34:24,571 -of the intentions for the plan of the movie. 273 00:34:51,379 --> 00:34:54,290 He drank more brandy in the dark- 274 00:34:54,378 --> 00:34:58,690 -but felt ill and dizzy. 275 00:34:58,778 --> 00:35:02,214 So he knelt down, clasped his hands- 276 00:35:02,298 --> 00:35:07,007 -and tried to focus on the immobile tree tops. 277 00:35:07,097 --> 00:35:10,806 Then he started praying for the first time in his life. 278 00:35:10,897 --> 00:35:14,889 Serious prayers for the first time in his life. 279 00:35:18,976 --> 00:35:25,210 You remember, you should be looser, and you turn your back. 280 00:35:25,295 --> 00:35:33,247 This is the pattern: you walk away, with the glass- 281 00:35:37,494 --> 00:35:42,647 -and then you stop, look at the picture, and remember the words. 282 00:35:42,733 --> 00:35:46,726 ''Our Father, Who art in Heaven''... 283 00:35:52,732 --> 00:35:56,725 The feeling we get is that we don't know what you're doing. 284 00:35:58,732 --> 00:36:02,724 You go down on your knees, but not to pray. 285 00:36:09,891 --> 00:36:16,204 Maybe you're drunk, maybe you just have no strength; l don't know. 286 00:36:16,290 --> 00:36:19,726 Then you start talking and lift your eyes... 287 00:36:28,729 --> 00:36:34,598 -Ready for a rehearsal! -''Repetition!'' 288 00:36:42,287 --> 00:36:47,281 ln order for an actor to look expressive in a scene- 289 00:36:47,367 --> 00:36:50,802 -it is not enough for him to be understandable. 290 00:36:50,886 --> 00:36:56,279 He also has to be forthright and honest. 291 00:36:56,366 --> 00:37:01,723 What is forthright and honest is not always easy to understand. 292 00:37:01,805 --> 00:37:07,198 When a human being on-screen, as in life, honestly expresses- 293 00:37:07,285 --> 00:37:13,200 -a specific feeling, it is a unique experience that can't be cut up- 294 00:37:13,284 --> 00:37:16,640 -or given a final explanation. 295 00:37:16,724 --> 00:37:22,719 Our Father, Who art in Heaven, hallowed be Thy Name... 296 00:37:48,880 --> 00:37:54,876 Lord, deliver us in this terrible hour! 297 00:37:57,319 --> 00:38:04,270 Don't let my children die! Nor my friends, nor my wife- 298 00:38:04,359 --> 00:38:11,196 Nor Victor - nor anyone who loves You, believes in You... 299 00:38:11,278 --> 00:38:14,190 Nor anyone who doesn't believe in You! 300 00:38:14,278 --> 00:38:20,273 You don't have to direct Erland. He knows what to do himself. 301 00:38:20,357 --> 00:38:26,192 l never have to- 302 00:38:26,276 --> 00:38:34,752 -make an effort to push him in any certain direction. 303 00:38:34,836 --> 00:38:41,274 l just tell him my understanding of the character- 304 00:38:41,355 --> 00:38:46,189 -and what my intentions are in general- 305 00:38:46,274 --> 00:38:52,270 -and that's all Erland needs for him to know what to do. 306 00:38:53,354 --> 00:39:02,182 l have never had trouble communicating with him. 307 00:39:02,273 --> 00:39:07,187 Of course, you always have to tell an actor- 308 00:39:07,272 --> 00:39:15,189 -what you want from your film and what you want from his role. 309 00:39:15,271 --> 00:39:22,859 But working with Erland isn't hard. lt isn't work at all! 310 00:39:26,710 --> 00:39:29,702 ...it's better anyway. 311 00:39:30,710 --> 00:39:33,701 We need the mirror here. 312 00:39:39,269 --> 00:39:43,705 Otherwise, we're dollying into emptiness. 313 00:39:47,708 --> 00:39:50,541 lt's not right, l don't understand why... 314 00:39:50,708 --> 00:39:53,699 We'll have to turn it that way, but it may just work. 315 00:39:58,707 --> 00:40:00,698 Raise the light! 316 00:40:02,706 --> 00:40:04,537 Number one, Hasse! 317 00:40:04,706 --> 00:40:08,699 Now it'll show. Do you see? 318 00:40:11,266 --> 00:40:14,701 -ls it better now? -ln principle, yes. 319 00:40:23,704 --> 00:40:25,695 Lift a bit... 320 00:40:42,422 --> 00:40:46,256 When the director decides the camera's and actors'movements- 321 00:40:46,342 --> 00:40:51,256 -he must use the main characters' psychological state as a starting point- 322 00:40:51,341 --> 00:40:56,779 -and the inner dynamic atmosphere of the situation, and tie it all back- 323 00:40:56,861 --> 00:41:01,251 -to the truth in the individual, in the directly observed- 324 00:41:01,340 --> 00:41:03,934 -in the unique texture. 325 00:41:04,020 --> 00:41:08,172 That's when his concrete staging is combined with the ambiguity- 326 00:41:08,260 --> 00:41:10,853 -of this truth. 327 00:42:21,252 --> 00:42:26,770 lt's often, and correctly, said that all art forms experiment with montages- 328 00:42:26,851 --> 00:42:32,164 -a selection and a new composition of parts and fragments. 329 00:42:32,251 --> 00:42:38,246 But the film image originates during filming and exists within the shot. 330 00:42:39,250 --> 00:42:45,166 Therefore, l concentrate on the lapse of time in the shot- 331 00:42:45,250 --> 00:42:49,242 -in order to recreate and reproduce this. 332 00:43:17,246 --> 00:43:23,196 The editing, the process in the editing room, disrupts the time flow- 333 00:43:23,286 --> 00:43:28,154 -interrupts it and at the same time brings it new qualities. 334 00:43:28,245 --> 00:43:33,160 The distortion of time is a way to rhythmically articulate it- 335 00:43:33,245 --> 00:43:36,759 -and sculpt time. 336 00:43:45,243 --> 00:43:48,838 -No, no, no! -What is it? 337 00:43:50,683 --> 00:43:52,674 No, no! 338 00:43:59,682 --> 00:44:02,674 l can't! 339 00:44:05,001 --> 00:44:07,276 Drink this... 340 00:44:07,681 --> 00:44:08,670 No! 341 00:44:09,681 --> 00:44:10,670 ...there! 342 00:44:14,240 --> 00:44:16,674 lt'll soon be over. 343 00:44:25,239 --> 00:44:28,675 Who has frightened you, Alexander? 344 00:45:02,835 --> 00:45:08,228 Editing is just the perfect variation of the joining of the shots- 345 00:45:08,315 --> 00:45:12,193 -which is already implicit in the filmed material. 346 00:45:12,274 --> 00:45:17,143 Through the special qualities that the material has obtained during filming- 347 00:45:17,234 --> 00:45:22,148 -a self-organizing structure arises during the editing phase. 348 00:45:22,233 --> 00:45:28,229 Therefore, the editing will express the inherent nature of the material. 349 00:45:49,311 --> 00:45:52,302 Everything yellow has to go! 350 00:45:54,310 --> 00:45:58,701 ln the courtyard, a flowering bird-cherry grows - placed there. 351 00:45:58,790 --> 00:46:03,658 And beneath it is a stack of firewood, against which Alexander leans a bike. 352 00:46:03,749 --> 00:46:09,141 The bird-cherry blossoms fall down over his wet face and dirty clothes. 353 00:46:12,308 --> 00:46:17,063 A flock of sheep runs away, bleating, when Alexander reaches them. 354 00:46:17,148 --> 00:46:21,504 We'll try to have the sheep further down, but remember- 355 00:46:21,747 --> 00:46:25,217 -not to scare them in that direction, but here instead. 356 00:46:25,307 --> 00:46:31,222 l'm just worried about in which direction they're going to scare me! 357 00:46:31,306 --> 00:46:34,662 Erland, some on this side, too... 358 00:46:37,506 --> 00:46:42,579 This looks like dry dirt; shouldn't it come from a pool as usual? 359 00:47:07,662 --> 00:47:14,818 l shouldn't have to describe a Bird-cherry to Swedes! 360 00:47:17,661 --> 00:47:23,657 Everyone knows what they look like, but they're giving me black looks! 361 00:47:27,740 --> 00:47:35,294 We went out to the country yesterday just to see what they look like! 362 00:47:36,659 --> 00:47:39,651 lt was as white as a bride! 363 00:47:41,659 --> 00:47:44,651 But this one isn't! 364 00:47:48,658 --> 00:47:50,649 Clear it all away! 365 00:47:53,458 --> 00:48:00,647 You've got 1 0 minutes to take everything away! 366 00:48:10,216 --> 00:48:13,174 There's no time. Take it all away. 367 00:48:41,813 --> 00:48:47,205 He returned to the entrance and knocked. No one answered. 368 00:48:47,292 --> 00:48:50,728 After a few minutes, when he'd already been filled with despair- 369 00:48:50,812 --> 00:48:57,125 -the floorboards started creaking inside the house. Steps were heard. 370 00:48:57,211 --> 00:49:03,126 ln the small window by the entrance a sharp, flickering light appeared. 371 00:49:03,210 --> 00:49:07,408 Alexander heard Maria's voice, filled with drowsiness. 372 00:49:22,808 --> 00:49:31,125 Film directors can be divided into two categories: 373 00:49:31,208 --> 00:49:37,203 Those who strive to imitate the world they live in- 374 00:49:37,287 --> 00:49:41,643 -to recreate the world that surrounds them... 375 00:49:43,206 --> 00:49:48,644 ...and the directors who create their own worlds. 376 00:49:54,045 --> 00:50:01,314 Those who create their own worlds are generally the poets. 377 00:50:10,283 --> 00:50:16,722 They are: Bresson, above all... 378 00:50:16,803 --> 00:50:23,640 Dovzhenko...Mizoguchi... Bergman...Bu�uel... 379 00:50:26,122 --> 00:50:28,113 Kurosawa... 380 00:50:28,202 --> 00:50:33,992 ...and however strange it may sound, the most prominent in film-making. 381 00:50:36,641 --> 00:50:42,237 That is why they have trouble getting their films out. 382 00:50:42,320 --> 00:50:49,714 Because the audience is used to a symbolic, non-existent film world- 383 00:50:49,799 --> 00:50:55,954 -the result of the audience's own interests and tastes. 384 00:50:56,039 --> 00:51:00,190 The directors l named have all opposed this- 385 00:51:00,278 --> 00:51:05,557 -that the taste of the audience should be the deciding factor. 386 00:51:05,638 --> 00:51:13,510 Not because they want to be obscure- 387 00:51:17,636 --> 00:51:21,470 -but because they want to listen secretly. 388 00:51:21,636 --> 00:51:28,632 To give expression to what is deep inside those we call the audience. 389 00:51:33,635 --> 00:51:40,187 You ask what relationship he had to his home... 390 00:51:40,274 --> 00:51:43,903 Home was very important to him. 391 00:51:43,994 --> 00:51:50,182 And as you have seen he has put our home into every one of his films. 392 00:51:50,273 --> 00:51:53,106 The interiors, the feeling... 393 00:51:53,193 --> 00:51:58,186 ...the soul of our home. 394 00:51:58,272 --> 00:52:05,859 Not as exactly as a photograph - this is art, after all. 395 00:52:07,911 --> 00:52:15,101 He used other forms and other characters than ourselves. 396 00:52:15,191 --> 00:52:22,107 But still: his life and his home are present in every film. 397 00:52:22,190 --> 00:52:28,901 We deeply missed our home during our five years in the West. 398 00:52:30,269 --> 00:52:35,900 This was our first home, and he loved it very much- 399 00:52:36,908 --> 00:52:42,107 -and worked so well there. He used to draw the house often. 400 00:52:42,188 --> 00:52:46,738 He wrote: ''l have been resting here for three days''- 401 00:52:46,907 --> 00:52:50,900 -''but it feels like l have regained a whole year.'' 402 00:52:51,907 --> 00:52:56,900 ''Now, l can work. But where is there work to be had?'' 403 00:52:58,906 --> 00:53:04,980 ln ''The Sacrifice'' he told the story of how we found the house. 404 00:53:05,065 --> 00:53:10,697 lt was just as the man told his son- 405 00:53:10,785 --> 00:53:16,097 -who is, in fact, our youngest, Andryushka- 406 00:53:16,184 --> 00:53:21,895 -we went into the woods to gather mushrooms and got lost. 407 00:53:22,903 --> 00:53:27,897 lt was grey and drizzling - a strange atmosphere. 408 00:53:28,903 --> 00:53:32,736 There was a nasty, cold drizzle falling. 409 00:53:32,822 --> 00:53:35,894 We came to the bend where the dry old pine tree is. 410 00:53:36,902 --> 00:53:39,735 And just then, the sun peeped through. 411 00:53:39,902 --> 00:53:43,735 lt stopped raining and there was a strange light. 412 00:53:43,901 --> 00:53:47,894 And then we saw it. And suddenly l was so sad it wasn't me- 413 00:53:48,901 --> 00:53:50,892 -that is, not me and your mother- 414 00:53:51,900 --> 00:53:54,892 -who lived in that house, under the pines and by the sea. 415 00:53:56,900 --> 00:53:59,892 Do you like your house, my son? 416 00:54:04,659 --> 00:54:08,049 Film is the only art form where the artist can feel like- 417 00:54:08,139 --> 00:54:15,169 -the creator of a reality, of his own world - literally. 418 00:54:15,258 --> 00:54:18,694 ln film, mankind's inherent need for self-assertion- 419 00:54:18,778 --> 00:54:23,567 -has its most comprehensive and direct realization. 420 00:54:23,657 --> 00:54:27,093 Film is an emotional reality. 421 00:54:27,177 --> 00:54:31,169 lt is also that way, as an alternative reality- 422 00:54:31,256 --> 00:54:34,373 -that it is perceived by the viewer. 423 00:54:38,896 --> 00:54:40,886 Stop moving! 424 00:54:51,374 --> 00:54:57,370 The artist's inspiration arises from the very depths of his ego. 425 00:54:57,454 --> 00:55:02,083 lt cannot be dictated by external, business considerations- 426 00:55:02,173 --> 00:55:06,689 -but must have a connection with the artist's psyche and conscience. 427 00:55:06,773 --> 00:55:11,766 lt stems from the totality that his world view represents. 428 00:55:40,689 --> 00:55:48,880 People often asked Andrei about the dreams. 429 00:55:50,168 --> 00:55:57,085 Many critics saw the dream scenes in his films as symbolic. 430 00:55:57,168 --> 00:56:03,163 But this is a misunderstanding. 431 00:56:03,247 --> 00:56:10,084 Andrei saw dreams as a physical process in the body. 432 00:56:10,166 --> 00:56:13,681 He was very interested in dreams. 433 00:56:13,766 --> 00:56:21,160 Many of his own dreams, about himself, were used in his films. 434 00:56:21,245 --> 00:56:27,433 ln his last film, ''The Sacrifice''- 435 00:56:27,524 --> 00:56:32,678 -he used one of his own dreams. 436 00:56:32,764 --> 00:56:37,883 When Erland is lying like a corpse on the camp bed with hands folded- 437 00:56:38,883 --> 00:56:41,875 -with Maria beside him. 438 00:56:42,883 --> 00:56:48,081 That was a dream Andrei had in 1 978, when he was still living in Moscow. 439 00:56:48,162 --> 00:56:55,272 Life was hard. We were sleeping on camp beds, which is why he dreamt- 440 00:56:55,561 --> 00:57:03,036 -about lying dead in a camp bed, with me sitting beside him- 441 00:57:03,121 --> 00:57:07,511 -and tears running down my stony face. 442 00:57:07,600 --> 00:57:14,073 He was seeing all this from above, as if from the ceiling. 443 00:57:14,160 --> 00:57:17,788 He told me that everything felt light and easy- 444 00:57:17,879 --> 00:57:20,791 -but that he felt compassion for everybody else- 445 00:57:20,879 --> 00:57:23,791 -because they had lost him- 446 00:57:23,879 --> 00:57:28,793 -and because it was sad to be leaving life on earth- 447 00:57:28,878 --> 00:57:33,076 -so he was happy to wake up. 448 00:57:33,158 --> 00:57:39,153 He used that dream in ''The Sacrifice''. 449 00:57:39,237 --> 00:57:47,871 He wrote about dreams in his diary, although that was long ago. 450 00:57:49,156 --> 00:57:52,865 On January 26, 1 978- 451 00:57:53,875 --> 00:58:00,030 -this is what he wrote...l'll just put my glasses on... 452 00:58:00,115 --> 00:58:07,668 ''There are 2 types of dreams. ln one, the dreamer steers events.'' 453 00:58:07,754 --> 00:58:13,146 ''He controls what is happening and what will happen. He is a demiurge.'' 454 00:58:13,233 --> 00:58:18,068 ''ln the other, he is incapable of control''- 455 00:58:18,153 --> 00:58:23,067 -''and is subjected to violence he cannot defend himself against.'' 456 00:58:23,152 --> 00:58:27,987 ''Everything results in suffering and anguish.'' 457 00:58:37,231 --> 00:58:41,144 The director's job is to depict life. 458 00:58:41,230 --> 00:58:47,829 lts movements, its contradictions, its dynamic and conflicts. 459 00:58:47,910 --> 00:58:52,664 His duty is not to hide an ounce of the truth he has found- 460 00:58:52,749 --> 00:58:56,059 -even if it's not to everyone's liking. 461 00:58:56,149 --> 00:58:59,061 An artist can also make mistakes. 462 00:58:59,149 --> 00:59:03,664 But his mistakes are honest, deserving of being taken seriously- 463 00:59:03,748 --> 00:59:08,139 -because they reflect the reality that is his spirituality- 464 00:59:08,228 --> 00:59:12,061 -reflect the fluctuations and the struggle within him- 465 00:59:12,147 --> 00:59:16,106 -that the world around him has caused. 466 00:59:36,225 --> 00:59:38,216 My boy! 467 01:00:08,701 --> 01:00:14,059 l sense my own feebleness and that of mankind- 468 01:00:14,141 --> 01:00:19,055 -towards the world and nature, and especially towards anyone- 469 01:00:19,140 --> 01:00:24,658 -who is an enemy. That's the worst of all. 470 01:00:24,740 --> 01:00:31,133 The worst thing of all is to be subjected to human violence. 471 01:00:31,219 --> 01:00:36,134 The evil in man is worse than everything else. 472 01:00:41,858 --> 01:00:45,851 They must criss-cross each other's paths. 473 01:00:46,857 --> 01:00:51,851 We see what's happening underneath here. 474 01:00:52,857 --> 01:00:55,849 We can see the stones. 475 01:00:57,856 --> 01:01:00,848 All 400 run down the steps. 476 01:01:03,856 --> 01:01:09,134 Some should stay around here- 477 01:01:13,855 --> 01:01:21,852 -in front of the steps, and the others should go into the tunnel. 478 01:01:29,213 --> 01:01:35,845 Take off your glasses...Very nice! You'll have to take your watch off. 479 01:01:37,172 --> 01:01:40,642 You can put this on later. 480 01:01:40,732 --> 01:01:42,848 Take off yourjewelry, too. 481 01:01:45,851 --> 01:01:48,843 l'll give you another shirt - that one's too clean. 482 01:01:49,851 --> 01:01:54,844 We see only white patches. lt would be good to have dark ones, too. 483 01:02:00,850 --> 01:02:06,048 There are both light and dark - a lot of beige and light colours- 484 01:02:06,129 --> 01:02:10,839 -with some dark, but we can use all the black we have. 485 01:02:16,848 --> 01:02:18,679 There's so much white: 486 01:02:18,848 --> 01:02:22,841 We need some black. Black plastic, for example. 487 01:02:25,847 --> 01:02:29,760 We can buy lots of black plastic bags. 488 01:02:29,847 --> 01:02:33,839 lt would be better to have more black hanging there. 489 01:02:36,846 --> 01:02:39,838 lt's good against the light background. 490 01:02:44,085 --> 01:02:48,317 He's so happy with all this dirt and rubbish around! 491 01:02:51,845 --> 01:02:53,835 There's some truth in that... 492 01:03:10,843 --> 01:03:12,833 Put it along here. 493 01:03:15,842 --> 01:03:18,754 With the whole thing on its side. 494 01:03:18,842 --> 01:03:22,754 The roof should be on this side- 495 01:03:22,841 --> 01:03:25,833 -and the wheels should face this way. 496 01:03:32,840 --> 01:03:35,832 We'll have to place it so that the other cars can get by. 497 01:03:36,840 --> 01:03:38,831 lt'll be in the middle, here. 498 01:03:47,839 --> 01:03:48,828 More! 499 01:03:59,837 --> 01:04:03,750 Will you get up, please? We have a little problem here. 500 01:04:03,837 --> 01:04:05,316 Look, Sven... 501 01:04:06,837 --> 01:04:08,316 This level... 502 01:04:11,836 --> 01:04:17,832 We'll need this for the mirror and the boy. 503 01:04:24,675 --> 01:04:27,826 This is where the mirror will be. 504 01:04:29,834 --> 01:04:34,828 lf this is where the mirror is, the camera will have to be here. 505 01:04:46,633 --> 01:04:50,830 There will be a trail of blood here... 506 01:04:52,512 --> 01:04:57,869 Focus on the blood, then you'll see the hand and then the boy. 507 01:05:07,110 --> 01:05:13,629 Alright, that's changed. So we don't have to go up to infinity. 508 01:05:13,710 --> 01:05:18,829 When we get on to the mirror, we focus on the blood. 509 01:05:22,829 --> 01:05:25,821 Don't throw things! 510 01:05:40,667 --> 01:05:44,819 No laughing! Serious expressions, please! 511 01:05:46,186 --> 01:05:48,825 Don't be afraid. 512 01:05:51,826 --> 01:05:55,102 My poor dear! What have they done to you? 513 01:05:59,665 --> 01:06:05,102 lt would be wrong to say that the artist looks for material. 514 01:06:05,184 --> 01:06:11,942 lnstead, material grows from within him and starts to demand creation. 515 01:06:12,024 --> 01:06:17,097 lt's like giving birth. The poet has nothing to be proud of. 516 01:06:17,183 --> 01:06:21,096 He is not the master of the situation, he is its servant. 517 01:06:21,183 --> 01:06:26,017 There is no other form of existence for him than as a creator. 518 01:06:26,102 --> 01:06:31,096 Each creation he produces becomes an action that he can't experience. 519 01:06:31,182 --> 01:06:35,174 Only through the faith in its ideal can he be ensured of the necessity- 520 01:06:35,261 --> 01:06:39,095 -and logic of these actions. 521 01:06:39,181 --> 01:06:45,096 For this faith is the only thing that can confirm his system of images. 522 01:06:45,180 --> 01:06:48,172 Read.. system of life. 523 01:06:54,099 --> 01:06:59,617 l cannot draw a line between my films and my life. 524 01:06:59,699 --> 01:07:04,010 The films are a part of my life. 525 01:07:04,098 --> 01:07:06,817 To be able to make a film- 526 01:07:07,898 --> 01:07:14,006 -l've always had to make some sort of a fateful choice. 527 01:07:14,097 --> 01:07:19,615 l know many people can distinguish between their films and their lives. 528 01:07:19,697 --> 01:07:26,613 l know many who act one way in their daily lives- 529 01:07:26,696 --> 01:07:33,009 -and then express other ideas in their films. 530 01:07:33,095 --> 01:07:41,013 ln some way, they make the thoughts in their films into their own. 531 01:07:41,095 --> 01:07:48,011 l'm not like that. Filming isn't a job for me - it's my life. 532 01:07:48,094 --> 01:07:52,086 And every film is a fundamental act. 533 01:07:56,813 --> 01:07:58,804 Quiet. This is a take. 534 01:08:02,812 --> 01:08:04,291 Same thing. 535 01:08:13,651 --> 01:08:20,089 The artist is committed to his art, not in order to tell someone something- 536 01:08:20,170 --> 01:08:24,607 -but as an insurance that he is ready to serve mankind. 537 01:08:24,690 --> 01:08:29,922 l'm astounded by artists who say that they create themselves while free- 538 01:08:30,009 --> 01:08:33,001 -and that it's possible to do this. 539 01:08:33,089 --> 01:08:37,128 lt is the artist's lot in life to accept that he is a creation of the time- 540 01:08:37,209 --> 01:08:40,996 -and of the people he lives with. 541 01:08:41,088 --> 01:08:43,602 As Pasternack wrote.. 542 01:08:43,688 --> 01:08:47,601 ''Stay awake, artist. Stay awake.'' 543 01:08:47,688 --> 01:08:50,485 ''Don't give in to sleep.'' 544 01:08:50,567 --> 01:08:55,687 ''You are the hostage of eternity and the prisoner of time.'' 545 01:08:58,686 --> 01:09:02,679 You did marvellously! Thank you! 546 01:09:04,406 --> 01:09:08,081 l believe that... 547 01:09:08,166 --> 01:09:13,558 ...to form a concept of art- 548 01:09:13,645 --> 01:09:18,798 -you first have to face another, more important question: 549 01:09:19,804 --> 01:09:24,002 Why does man exist? 550 01:09:24,804 --> 01:09:33,279 We have to use our time on earth to improve ourselves spiritually. 551 01:09:33,363 --> 01:09:38,994 This means that art must serve this purpose. 552 01:09:39,082 --> 01:09:44,998 lf l had chosen another departure point for my life- 553 01:09:45,082 --> 01:09:48,630 -art would have meant something else- 554 01:09:48,801 --> 01:09:52,077 -and l would have made other films. 555 01:09:52,161 --> 01:09:55,198 Some want art to be educational- 556 01:09:55,281 --> 01:10:01,992 -like all other intellectual and spiritual activities. 557 01:10:02,080 --> 01:10:06,073 l don't believe in the possibility of education. 558 01:10:06,159 --> 01:10:10,550 Knowledge leads us away from knowledge. 559 01:10:10,639 --> 01:10:14,598 The more we learn, the less we know. 560 01:10:14,679 --> 01:10:22,995 We get so deep that we lose the broad view of life and the world. 561 01:10:26,797 --> 01:10:34,989 The purpose of art is to help man improve himself spiritually. 562 01:10:35,076 --> 01:10:40,025 To rise above himself by using his own free will. 563 01:10:40,116 --> 01:10:43,995 The script for ''The Sacrifice''- 564 01:10:44,076 --> 01:10:50,992 -was put together from two concepts: ''The Witch'' and ''The Offering''. 565 01:10:51,075 --> 01:10:55,989 Andrei got the idea when he was still in Moscow. 566 01:10:56,074 --> 01:11:00,067 He writes here: 567 01:11:00,154 --> 01:11:05,785 ''l have to produce a draft for 'The Sacrifice'.'' 568 01:11:07,073 --> 01:11:11,988 ''Perhaps the two scripts together, taking the best of both.'' 569 01:11:12,073 --> 01:11:17,066 ''Of course, that would make it long and l wanted a shorter film''- 570 01:11:17,152 --> 01:11:22,988 -''of 1 hour and 40 minutes from a concise dramaturgical concept!'' 571 01:11:23,072 --> 01:11:27,064 lt was not to be a short film... 572 01:11:27,151 --> 01:11:33,783 He wrote the first draft of ''The Sacrifice'' in San Gregorio in ltaly- 573 01:11:36,670 --> 01:11:41,585 -where he completed the script in February, 1 983. 574 01:11:41,670 --> 01:11:48,461 '''The Witch', 'The Sacrifice' - a son forbidden to speak.'' 575 01:11:48,549 --> 01:11:52,985 ''He has just had an operation on his vocal cords. At the end he makes''- 576 01:11:53,068 --> 01:11:58,062 - ''an important statement in defence of his father (tradition ).'' 577 01:11:58,148 --> 01:12:03,983 ''He makes common cause with the stupid rebellion of youth''- 578 01:12:04,067 --> 01:12:08,982 -''with a revolutionary view of tradition.'' 579 01:12:09,067 --> 01:12:15,062 ''Rejection of violence. Return to roots.'' 580 01:12:15,146 --> 01:12:21,062 ''Harmony, unity, opposed to evolutionary theory.'' 581 01:12:21,146 --> 01:12:27,061 ''But in favour of unity and true harmony.'' 582 01:12:27,145 --> 01:12:32,776 ''New impressions. Rejection of the impressions of others.'' 583 01:12:33,784 --> 01:12:36,776 ''The search for his own path.'' 584 01:12:37,784 --> 01:12:43,574 ''The heretical, i.e. holy character of poetry is motivated''- 585 01:12:43,663 --> 01:12:48,976 -''by a conviction that man is the hardest of all beings.'' 586 01:12:49,063 --> 01:12:53,977 ''The spiritual condition of the poet leads to catastrophe.'' 587 01:12:54,062 --> 01:13:01,979 ''Poetic culture springs from the desire to avoid that catastrophe.'' 588 01:13:02,061 --> 01:13:07,579 Those were his first thoughts. He wrote a lot about the script. 589 01:13:07,661 --> 01:13:12,575 He completed it very quickly - in three weeks. 590 01:13:12,660 --> 01:13:21,772 But it was not an amalgam of ''The Witch'' and ''The Offering''. 591 01:13:22,779 --> 01:13:25,771 Only partly. 592 01:13:26,779 --> 01:13:31,977 The scripts he wrote in Moscow - ''The Witch'' and ''The Offering''- 593 01:13:32,058 --> 01:13:38,769 -could only be made as separate films, whatever happened. 594 01:13:57,376 --> 01:13:59,525 Without orders? 595 01:14:02,255 --> 01:14:04,894 l think they have a problem... 596 01:14:22,053 --> 01:14:24,442 Shall we shoot, Sven? 597 01:14:25,733 --> 01:14:27,643 Everybody ready? 598 01:14:42,211 --> 01:14:44,202 Set it on fire! 599 01:14:46,210 --> 01:14:49,202 Light it and get out of frame! 600 01:14:51,210 --> 01:14:57,205 lt's not burning... l don't see any flames... 601 01:15:04,649 --> 01:15:07,116 lt takes time... 602 01:15:07,208 --> 01:15:08,687 More fire! 603 01:15:28,206 --> 01:15:30,197 Now! Lots of fire! 604 01:15:49,004 --> 01:15:51,199 The tree! 605 01:16:04,922 --> 01:16:07,197 Keep it that way! 606 01:16:23,040 --> 01:16:25,190 Camera! 607 01:16:33,079 --> 01:16:35,388 Wait, wait, wait! 608 01:16:40,199 --> 01:16:43,190 Where's he going? The motherfucker! 609 01:16:47,198 --> 01:16:50,190 Ambulance! Back! 610 01:16:58,197 --> 01:17:02,189 Ambulance! Wait, wait! 611 01:17:12,635 --> 01:17:15,195 Get going! Get going! 612 01:17:22,634 --> 01:17:28,186 We don't have the shot of Erland running. 613 01:17:30,633 --> 01:17:34,182 -We don't have it? -The camera jammed. 614 01:17:38,193 --> 01:17:41,184 Why didn't you tell me? 615 01:17:48,192 --> 01:17:51,183 ...Thanks. Thank you. 616 01:18:10,589 --> 01:18:13,581 That's how good we are! 617 01:18:37,786 --> 01:18:43,065 The last thing l expected was for the camera crew to foul up... 618 01:18:48,185 --> 01:18:55,182 lt was a tragedy for him. That was the first scene he wrote. 619 01:18:55,625 --> 01:19:01,540 lt was to be the climax of the main character's spiritual struggle. 620 01:19:01,624 --> 01:19:09,462 The whole film would hinge on this scene. 621 01:19:09,543 --> 01:19:16,539 lt was the most important scene and it failed. He was crushed. 622 01:19:16,622 --> 01:19:20,934 He rang me, and asked me in a broken voice to come to him. 623 01:19:23,022 --> 01:19:28,937 l was very busy arranging to reunite the family- 624 01:19:29,021 --> 01:19:35,937 -but l had to go to him immediately because he was feeling so bad. 625 01:19:36,020 --> 01:19:40,935 When l arrived on Gotland, they were discussing- 626 01:19:41,020 --> 01:19:46,537 -whether or not to do a retake. He was crushed. 627 01:19:46,619 --> 01:19:50,931 He felt misunderstood- 628 01:19:51,019 --> 01:19:57,014 -when some of the team suggested he could edit the scene together. 629 01:19:57,098 --> 01:20:04,015 But he maintained that without that scene there would be no film. 630 01:20:04,098 --> 01:20:10,536 And so it was. Because he never accepted the smallest compromise- 631 01:20:10,617 --> 01:20:15,531 -and always got his way. 632 01:20:15,616 --> 01:20:23,170 He was the only Soviet director to do exactly as he wanted. 633 01:20:24,175 --> 01:20:31,092 Journalists often asked if he was forced to make cuts in his films- 634 01:20:31,175 --> 01:20:38,524 -and l could provide an answer, since l saw every film cut: 635 01:20:38,614 --> 01:20:46,088 He never compromised over a single frame. He did just what he wanted. 636 01:20:46,173 --> 01:20:52,089 The same happened here. He made them understand- 637 01:20:52,173 --> 01:20:57,166 -and they re-did the fire scene. And it was fantastic. 638 01:20:59,012 --> 01:21:05,007 ln a few days they built a house just like it, a copy of the burned down one. 639 01:21:05,091 --> 01:21:10,006 The entire house in just a few days.! lt is nothing short of a miracle- 640 01:21:10,091 --> 01:21:14,641 -and also evidence of what people can do when they believe in something. 641 01:21:14,730 --> 01:21:20,248 Not just people, but producers too, so-called supermen. 642 01:21:34,168 --> 01:21:37,160 l'll tell you exactly what to do. 643 01:21:38,168 --> 01:21:39,999 Kerstin - we're ready. 644 01:21:40,168 --> 01:21:44,558 -Are you ready, Kaj? -Nearly. Just the petrol in the car... 645 01:21:49,167 --> 01:21:53,159 -Janne! Minus eleven! -Shall l yell to him? 646 01:22:19,004 --> 01:22:21,153 Fire! 647 01:23:12,118 --> 01:23:14,154 Enough. 648 01:23:54,154 --> 01:23:58,988 What are you doing with him? Don't touch him! 649 01:24:00,073 --> 01:24:05,147 -Enough! -No more fire! 650 01:24:14,072 --> 01:24:18,144 ls it good? ls it good for you, too? 651 01:24:45,148 --> 01:24:47,582 Cycle slowly, Gudrun! 652 01:25:16,505 --> 01:25:18,939 Lift her, Sven! 653 01:25:24,144 --> 01:25:28,342 -He didn't have time... -Did you have enough film? 654 01:25:38,583 --> 01:25:44,896 During the retake of the scene, the tension wouldn't lose its grip on us- 655 01:25:44,982 --> 01:25:49,976 -until the cameras had been turned off. One by the camera assistant- 656 01:25:50,062 --> 01:25:55,499 -the other by hands that belonged to Sven Nykvist, the lighting genius. 657 01:25:55,581 --> 01:25:58,573 Hands that shook of fear. 658 01:25:58,661 --> 01:26:02,699 Not until then did relief set in. 659 01:26:02,780 --> 01:26:07,490 All of us cried like babies. We threw ourselves into each others'arms- 660 01:26:07,580 --> 01:26:13,051 -and l felt how tight, and how closely knit our group was. 661 01:26:17,859 --> 01:26:20,577 lt was so natural! 662 01:27:00,974 --> 01:27:05,126 Camera, you traitress! l don't like you... 663 01:27:09,133 --> 01:27:11,966 Let's throw it into the sea! 664 01:27:17,133 --> 01:27:22,126 Like they did in lceland with unfaithful wives. 665 01:27:30,131 --> 01:27:33,123 For some reason you're all smiling! 666 01:27:34,131 --> 01:27:38,123 You don't think there would be any women left! 667 01:27:41,130 --> 01:27:44,122 You'd be lost, for one! 668 01:27:51,569 --> 01:27:54,129 Thank you, on this final day! 669 01:28:21,126 --> 01:28:23,515 Like Death... 670 01:28:29,045 --> 01:28:33,118 Death doesn't exist for me. l don't know... 671 01:28:37,564 --> 01:28:42,115 l once dreamt l was dead. 672 01:28:42,884 --> 01:28:50,881 And it was such a relief - such lightness and incredible freedom! 673 01:28:50,963 --> 01:28:57,879 That very feeling of freedom and lightness made me believe- 674 01:28:57,962 --> 01:29:03,400 -that l was dead. 675 01:29:03,482 --> 01:29:08,077 That is, free from all bonds with this world. 676 01:29:08,161 --> 01:29:14,872 So death doesn't exist for me. There is just suffering and pain. 677 01:29:14,960 --> 01:29:23,117 People often confuse the two - suffering and death. 678 01:29:25,959 --> 01:29:33,512 l might think differently when l have to face it some day. 679 01:29:37,518 --> 01:29:44,832 -You think you're immortal? -Yes, certainly. 680 01:29:54,036 --> 01:30:00,475 ln ''The Offering'' the philosopher finds out on his birthday- 681 01:30:00,556 --> 01:30:05,868 -from his friend the doctor that he is incurably ill with cancer. 682 01:30:05,955 --> 01:30:11,473 On the advice of the insane Otto, he goes to the witch, who cures him. 683 01:30:11,555 --> 01:30:15,467 As l said earlier- 684 01:30:15,554 --> 01:30:20,867 -Andrei's life and his films dovetailed in a fatal way. 685 01:30:20,954 --> 01:30:26,471 When he was gravely ill with cancer he said: 686 01:30:26,553 --> 01:30:35,187 ''lt's time to chose a new artistic direction.'' He never had time... 687 01:30:58,110 --> 01:31:03,103 ...from the TV, that's where we should start colour reduction. 688 01:31:05,109 --> 01:31:13,106 Yes. Absolutely. l once thought...why should we be afraid- 689 01:31:15,948 --> 01:31:19,099 -to have too much black and white? 690 01:31:20,547 --> 01:31:25,098 lf there were lots of different places- 691 01:31:26,947 --> 01:31:31,098 -then it would be a pity. 692 01:31:32,466 --> 01:31:36,095 But it's mostly the same things all the time. 693 01:31:38,026 --> 01:31:43,099 lt's the same objects all the time, both in colour and black and white. 694 01:31:45,105 --> 01:31:51,862 ln the morning, the evening and during the day - it can be very good. 695 01:31:51,944 --> 01:31:56,096 One and the same detail in different states... 696 01:32:04,023 --> 01:32:10,939 We can make the dreams full of contrast. 697 01:32:11,022 --> 01:32:14,935 ln the field, for example. We can put in as much contrast as we like. 698 01:32:15,102 --> 01:32:20,095 There are no mathematically calculated proportions- 699 01:32:23,101 --> 01:32:28,094 -but there is an atmosphere between light and shadow. 700 01:32:30,100 --> 01:32:35,094 l'll explain why: if there is a lot of colour- 701 01:32:37,099 --> 01:32:42,093 -the film itself puts its own quality into it. 702 01:33:10,016 --> 01:33:14,089 Contact can be cut off at any second... 703 01:33:20,575 --> 01:33:25,489 ...but l have been able to tell you the most important things. 704 01:33:30,334 --> 01:33:34,929 When they passed the dry tree that he and the son planted- 705 01:33:35,013 --> 01:33:40,849 -the day before, Alexander caught sight of Lilleman. 706 01:33:40,933 --> 01:33:46,962 He carried a heavy bucket of water that was way too big for him. 707 01:33:47,052 --> 01:33:51,330 When the ambulance reached him he stopped- 708 01:33:51,412 --> 01:33:56,360 -put the bucket down and followed the car with his eyes. 709 01:33:56,451 --> 01:34:01,844 Alexander retreated from the window so that the son wouldn't see him. 710 01:34:01,931 --> 01:34:04,922 The ambulance passed by- 711 01:34:05,010 --> 01:34:10,767 -disturbing the dust along the white road, and disappeared behind the bend. 712 01:34:11,970 --> 01:34:16,918 Lilleman dried this sweat off with the hem of his shirt, picked up the bucket- 713 01:34:17,009 --> 01:34:21,048 -and went to his tree. Once there he stopped- 714 01:34:21,223 --> 01:34:25,932 -pulled the bucket towards the trunk and leaned on it. 715 01:34:26,022 --> 01:34:31,540 The hot, cracked dirt greedily absorbed the water. 716 01:34:31,622 --> 01:34:37,651 He didn't know how much water the tree trunk needed. 717 01:34:37,741 --> 01:34:41,939 But he was dead set on not wasting another day- 718 01:34:42,021 --> 01:34:46,810 -and on bringing the tree water until it started flowering. 719 01:34:46,900 --> 01:34:51,893 After all, his dad had told him that it would start flowering soon. 64542

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