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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:06,000 --> 00:00:12,074 Advertise your product or brand here contact www.OpenSubtitles.org today 2 00:00:17,434 --> 00:00:18,476 Hurry up! 3 00:00:33,074 --> 00:00:35,827 Nice job. Nice flick of the wrist. 4 00:00:38,246 --> 00:00:44,169 The focus of my life is to allow my kids to be who they are. 5 00:00:48,131 --> 00:00:51,342 Our lifestyle and the way that I raise my kids 6 00:00:51,426 --> 00:00:54,512 is just to continually be evolving, and awakening, 7 00:00:54,596 --> 00:00:58,099 and consciousness, and awareness and mindfulness. 8 00:01:09,194 --> 00:01:11,613 I believe a healthy child 9 00:01:11,696 --> 00:01:15,158 has the ability to build up immunity naturally. 10 00:01:19,871 --> 00:01:22,332 So, Pearl, do you know what the word consent means? 11 00:01:22,415 --> 00:01:24,793 - No. - Me, either. I don't. 12 00:01:24,876 --> 00:01:27,420 It means you give someone permission. 13 00:01:27,504 --> 00:01:30,548 Remember whenever we talk about body parts and I'm like, we all... 14 00:01:30,632 --> 00:01:33,802 we don't touch other people's body unless we get permission, 15 00:01:33,885 --> 00:01:36,072 and then there's even certain places that we don't even touch... 16 00:01:36,096 --> 00:01:37,764 Don't say it. 17 00:01:37,847 --> 00:01:39,766 Don't say it. 18 00:01:39,849 --> 00:01:41,827 You know, there can be people that you think 19 00:01:41,851 --> 00:01:43,353 you should be able to trust. 20 00:01:43,436 --> 00:01:46,606 - Yeah. - Whether it's... a doctor, 21 00:01:46,689 --> 00:01:49,526 or it's a pastor, 22 00:01:49,609 --> 00:01:52,779 or it's an owner of a business, 23 00:01:52,862 --> 00:01:54,531 even the president. 24 00:01:54,614 --> 00:01:57,659 And no matter who it is that we're in contact with, 25 00:01:57,742 --> 00:02:01,412 we have the right to be able to feel within our bodies, 26 00:02:01,496 --> 00:02:03,957 does this feel safe and do I... 27 00:02:04,040 --> 00:02:07,836 do I want to move forward? We should all be given the freedom to do that. 28 00:02:07,919 --> 00:02:10,672 And so we have to really think through how, 29 00:02:10,755 --> 00:02:13,049 if this bill passes, 30 00:02:13,133 --> 00:02:15,385 what the effects of that will be for all of us. 31 00:02:19,055 --> 00:02:21,766 Dozens of people are rallying in Salem 32 00:02:21,850 --> 00:02:25,812 against a bill that would eliminate non-medical vaccine exemptions. 33 00:02:25,895 --> 00:02:28,148 Now, if it passes, most unvaccinated kids 34 00:02:28,231 --> 00:02:31,526 would not be allowed to attend school and daycare programs in Oregon. 35 00:02:31,609 --> 00:02:34,404 Supporters say the effort to limit exemptions 36 00:02:34,487 --> 00:02:36,489 is about safe schools 37 00:02:36,573 --> 00:02:38,575 and protecting children and adults. 38 00:02:38,658 --> 00:02:43,413 Those against limiting exemptions question vaccine safety standard. 39 00:02:43,496 --> 00:02:49,043 A doctor today described the measles vaccine as, "incredibly safe." 40 00:02:51,212 --> 00:02:52,130 Where's Khalil? 41 00:02:52,131 --> 00:02:54,151 Wait, you're right there. One, two, three, four, five. 42 00:02:54,174 --> 00:02:55,334 I still have to do the count. 43 00:02:56,217 --> 00:03:00,096 This bill would require that whether you go to private school, 44 00:03:00,180 --> 00:03:01,389 or you're in public school, 45 00:03:01,472 --> 00:03:04,309 or in a charter school, you would have to get every single vaccine 46 00:03:04,392 --> 00:03:07,272 that they say that you should have at the timing that you should have it. 47 00:03:07,437 --> 00:03:09,314 What does freedom mean, you guys? 48 00:03:09,397 --> 00:03:11,900 - Free! - Like, like... 49 00:03:11,983 --> 00:03:13,193 You're just out there. 50 00:03:13,276 --> 00:03:15,570 You don't have to do what people say or... 51 00:03:15,653 --> 00:03:19,115 I don't know, I have to think about it. I've never thought about it. 52 00:03:19,199 --> 00:03:22,493 For me, it's not about whether you vaccinate or you don't, 53 00:03:22,577 --> 00:03:24,621 it's us having the freedom of choice to choose 54 00:03:24,704 --> 00:03:27,415 what we think as a parent is the best thing for our child. 55 00:03:27,498 --> 00:03:31,252 Rumi, to calm us down, roll this over your heart. 56 00:03:31,336 --> 00:03:32,795 Okay? 57 00:03:32,879 --> 00:03:37,550 I am confident that no one else can teach, direct and guide 58 00:03:37,634 --> 00:03:40,678 my kids' hearts, minds and souls better than me. 59 00:03:40,762 --> 00:03:44,557 Everything with this whole vaccine bill 60 00:03:44,641 --> 00:03:49,020 is someone who believes that they know what's better for you 61 00:03:49,103 --> 00:03:51,481 than I do and what you do. 62 00:03:51,564 --> 00:03:53,566 So, it's removing our choice. 63 00:03:54,984 --> 00:03:57,904 On my family, this bill will have a very large impact, 64 00:03:57,987 --> 00:04:01,449 'cause my oldest is passionate about basketball. 65 00:04:01,532 --> 00:04:04,244 She will no longer be able to play on specific teams. 66 00:04:04,327 --> 00:04:08,248 You won't be able to play soccer and you won't be able to play basketball 67 00:04:08,331 --> 00:04:09,832 if you don't get vaccines. 68 00:04:10,416 --> 00:04:12,627 I don't feel comfortable getting vaccines, 69 00:04:12,710 --> 00:04:15,296 and if were to even muscle test them, I don't know if your body 70 00:04:15,380 --> 00:04:16,649 - would feel comfortable with it. - You're making me cry. 71 00:04:16,673 --> 00:04:18,567 - I'm making you cry? - I don't want that. 72 00:04:18,591 --> 00:04:20,343 It's kind of a lot to take in, huh? 73 00:04:20,426 --> 00:04:24,681 I am raising you guys to be the 10% of the world, 74 00:04:24,764 --> 00:04:28,601 which means you're not gonna fit in with the 90% and that's okay. 75 00:04:31,980 --> 00:04:35,233 We're advocating to our children "my body, my rules," 76 00:04:35,316 --> 00:04:37,527 and here, that is being stripped away. 77 00:04:38,903 --> 00:04:41,739 As a protector of our children, to not have that, 78 00:04:41,823 --> 00:04:43,783 it's like, "What are we stepping into next?" 79 00:05:25,533 --> 00:05:28,328 The commissioner of US Customs and Border Protection 80 00:05:28,411 --> 00:05:31,914 is ordering new steps to protect children in US custody 81 00:05:31,998 --> 00:05:34,709 after the death of an eight-year-old Guatemalan boy. 82 00:05:35,960 --> 00:05:40,048 Four days after eight-year-old Felipe Gómez died, 83 00:05:40,131 --> 00:05:44,177 new autopsy results show that the boy tested positive for the flu. 84 00:05:44,844 --> 00:05:49,182 Felipe now the second migrant child to die this month in US custody. 85 00:06:03,154 --> 00:06:09,786 My brother's health was good before he left... 86 00:06:10,578 --> 00:06:16,626 It was so hard for us to understand why his death was so sudden. 87 00:06:17,543 --> 00:06:18,961 Very sudden. 88 00:06:22,006 --> 00:06:28,638 He was a mischievous little boy, but he always did well in school. 89 00:06:28,721 --> 00:06:33,226 "I'm going to the United States with Dad," he said, excitedly. 90 00:06:34,769 --> 00:06:38,272 "But I'll come back for Mom." That's what he said when he left. 91 00:06:39,816 --> 00:06:43,820 I do regret that he left... 92 00:06:48,950 --> 00:06:53,287 but we just did it because of how poor we are. 93 00:06:57,750 --> 00:06:59,794 I'm very scared 94 00:06:59,877 --> 00:07:01,921 of the flu and of its lethal outcomes. 95 00:07:04,841 --> 00:07:09,679 If another of my children dies, I'd lose all will to live. 96 00:07:15,685 --> 00:07:17,311 US Border Patrol agents 97 00:07:17,395 --> 00:07:20,064 apprehended a group of more than 1,000 migrants, 98 00:07:20,148 --> 00:07:23,568 who illegally crossed the southern border near El Paso, Texas. 99 00:07:24,277 --> 00:07:25,379 A decade ago, 100 00:07:25,403 --> 00:07:27,822 90% of immigrants caught crossing illegally 101 00:07:27,905 --> 00:07:29,907 were single adult men from Mexico. 102 00:07:29,991 --> 00:07:31,909 Today, nearly 90% 103 00:07:31,993 --> 00:07:34,912 are families and unaccompanied children from Central America. 104 00:07:43,421 --> 00:07:45,590 When I heard that Felipe died... 105 00:07:45,673 --> 00:07:50,261 I mean, I was angry because it's all such bullshit. 106 00:07:50,344 --> 00:07:53,097 We have horrible things that happen 107 00:07:53,181 --> 00:07:55,600 with the different hurricanes, with the tornadoes. 108 00:07:55,683 --> 00:07:58,144 We don't need any man-made catastrophes. 109 00:07:58,227 --> 00:08:00,146 And that's exactly what this one is. 110 00:08:02,148 --> 00:08:03,691 Mama. Mama. 111 00:08:23,753 --> 00:08:26,172 I volunteered 9/11 and went down the day after. 112 00:08:26,255 --> 00:08:27,840 And then I went down to Katrina. 113 00:08:27,924 --> 00:08:29,693 And I worked down there for almost two months. 114 00:08:29,717 --> 00:08:32,512 If you're able to help, you have to go. 115 00:08:47,652 --> 00:08:49,278 Good afternoon. 116 00:08:54,408 --> 00:08:56,869 In Tucson, people have rallied. 117 00:08:56,953 --> 00:08:58,746 I want to make sure 118 00:08:58,829 --> 00:09:00,682 the children get to eat first and then the grown-ups. 119 00:09:00,706 --> 00:09:02,708 Tangerine, perfect! 120 00:09:02,792 --> 00:09:04,311 They make sure they're fed. 121 00:09:04,335 --> 00:09:08,130 We give them two sets of clothing and then they have the to-go bags 122 00:09:08,214 --> 00:09:10,550 where they have food for their bus rides. 123 00:09:11,551 --> 00:09:15,930 It's a little group here, doing this. It's amazing. 124 00:09:25,273 --> 00:09:27,775 I'm so happy to be able to give the flu shots 125 00:09:27,858 --> 00:09:30,653 because I really, really believe in them. 126 00:09:30,736 --> 00:09:35,575 And I think it's up to 36 cases this year of children that have died from the flu. 127 00:09:35,658 --> 00:09:39,203 This is preventable. It's ridiculous not to get 'em a flu shot. 128 00:09:39,287 --> 00:09:41,247 - Okay. - It's okay. 129 00:09:41,330 --> 00:09:43,207 Look, look. Like this, look. 130 00:09:43,291 --> 00:09:45,376 I kept my license after I retired, 131 00:09:45,459 --> 00:09:48,713 because I knew I was gonna still be doing volunteer work. 132 00:09:48,796 --> 00:09:51,424 But I hadn't given any shots since Katrina. 133 00:09:51,507 --> 00:09:53,050 It's pretty hard to do. 134 00:09:53,134 --> 00:09:54,844 Yeah, I was up all night. 135 00:09:54,927 --> 00:09:56,487 I just couldn't sleep. I kept thinking, 136 00:09:56,512 --> 00:09:58,392 "I'm gonna hurt these kids tomorrow." 137 00:09:59,265 --> 00:10:02,018 That's... quite a large needle. 138 00:10:03,561 --> 00:10:05,001 So, they're not gonna like me today. 139 00:10:06,731 --> 00:10:08,524 - Hi. - Hi. 140 00:10:09,483 --> 00:10:11,152 That's it. Okay, okay. 141 00:10:11,235 --> 00:10:12,713 I don't want to open all of them yet. 142 00:10:12,737 --> 00:10:14,155 Yeah, let's focus. 143 00:10:15,197 --> 00:10:18,200 Oh, silly. You're a silly, silly. 144 00:10:18,951 --> 00:10:20,369 You silly! 145 00:10:20,453 --> 00:10:22,038 Okay, honey, I'm gonna pinch. 146 00:10:26,751 --> 00:10:28,419 - So good! - That's all. 147 00:10:28,502 --> 00:10:30,254 Okay? You want your Band-Aid? 148 00:10:32,214 --> 00:10:34,842 I would hate to have a baby or a child die 149 00:10:34,925 --> 00:10:37,345 just because I didn't think about doing a flu shot, 150 00:10:37,428 --> 00:10:39,847 I didn't want to go through the hassle. 151 00:10:39,930 --> 00:10:41,641 Why take that chance? 152 00:10:50,775 --> 00:10:52,318 There's a risk 153 00:10:52,401 --> 00:10:54,779 that somehow having a bunch of complementary DNA 154 00:10:54,862 --> 00:10:56,989 and their synthesis process might cause weird issues. 155 00:10:59,200 --> 00:11:01,786 Okay. Yeah, right on. Done. Cool. Bye. 156 00:11:01,869 --> 00:11:03,412 My vision for Distributed Bio 157 00:11:03,496 --> 00:11:05,496 is that I wanted to build fundamentally new things. 158 00:11:05,539 --> 00:11:07,333 I wanted to create a space 159 00:11:07,416 --> 00:11:10,961 where innovation and a willingness to not be trapped by the past 160 00:11:11,045 --> 00:11:13,172 would allow people the bravery or the foolishness 161 00:11:13,255 --> 00:11:15,295 to try something new that hadn't been tested before. 162 00:11:16,258 --> 00:11:18,178 So, when we have young scientists that come here, 163 00:11:18,260 --> 00:11:22,056 we give them really hard problems and then see what happens. 164 00:11:24,934 --> 00:11:27,436 - How's it going, folks? I'm Jake. - This is Jack. 165 00:11:29,105 --> 00:11:30,314 Nice to meet you. 166 00:11:30,398 --> 00:11:31,816 Cool, thanks for coming out. 167 00:11:31,899 --> 00:11:33,317 Come and step into my parlor, 168 00:11:33,401 --> 00:11:35,403 - I'll give you an update. - Sounds great. 169 00:11:36,237 --> 00:11:38,322 As you probably already know, 170 00:11:38,406 --> 00:11:41,701 if you receive a vaccine for flu on any given year, 171 00:11:41,784 --> 00:11:44,412 you get some protection and it lasts a little while, 172 00:11:44,495 --> 00:11:45,955 but the virus keeps mutating 173 00:11:46,038 --> 00:11:48,878 and making your vaccine obsolete, so you need a new one, and this sucks. 174 00:11:49,250 --> 00:11:50,918 So our strategy 175 00:11:51,001 --> 00:11:55,256 was instead of make one vaccine you'd have to keep changing all the time, 176 00:11:55,339 --> 00:11:57,059 take all the different versions of the virus 177 00:11:57,133 --> 00:11:59,468 and load them in a shot, all at once. 178 00:12:00,136 --> 00:12:02,364 That would teach your immune system to respond to parts of the virus 179 00:12:02,388 --> 00:12:05,808 that have never changed over 100 years and you provide a longer protection. 180 00:12:06,600 --> 00:12:08,060 But the way engineering works, 181 00:12:08,144 --> 00:12:10,312 you can't do these things all at once, right? 182 00:12:10,396 --> 00:12:12,857 If someone's trying to go for the Apollo Program, 183 00:12:12,940 --> 00:12:14,358 you're trying to go... 184 00:12:14,442 --> 00:12:16,402 take a rocket, put a bunch of people in it, 185 00:12:16,485 --> 00:12:19,238 send it up to the moon, that thing's not gonna make it. 186 00:12:19,321 --> 00:12:23,284 So, the way you succeed in science is through iteration. 187 00:12:24,368 --> 00:12:26,537 Kind of like our Apollo 1, Apollo 2, Apollo 3... 188 00:12:26,620 --> 00:12:29,123 The early tests, we just wanna ask, "Is the theory correct?" 189 00:12:29,206 --> 00:12:32,460 If we could take 100 years of flu, give a little bit of it all at once, 190 00:12:32,543 --> 00:12:34,271 would that teach the immune system to provide protection? 191 00:12:34,295 --> 00:12:36,380 Let's just keep boosting it over and over again. 192 00:12:36,464 --> 00:12:38,883 I'm gonna stop drawing syringes, but you get the idea. 193 00:12:38,966 --> 00:12:40,968 You end up giving them seven shots. 194 00:12:41,051 --> 00:12:42,887 After giving the same vaccine seven times, 195 00:12:42,970 --> 00:12:45,931 then we've got these gorgeous responses that were great, 196 00:12:46,015 --> 00:12:48,934 but that's a ridiculous vaccine because nobody wants to get seven shots. 197 00:12:49,018 --> 00:12:51,437 But we wanted to prove that the principle was sound, 198 00:12:51,520 --> 00:12:53,814 and we could create neutralization against future viruses. 199 00:12:53,898 --> 00:12:55,876 So the next one is, "Can we make it more practical?" 200 00:12:55,900 --> 00:12:58,569 Less shots, higher, tighter, more broad response. 201 00:12:59,278 --> 00:13:01,631 And that's the next experiments. They're gonna be live challenges. 202 00:13:01,655 --> 00:13:04,700 That's the ultimate test and that's why we're pumped. 203 00:13:05,910 --> 00:13:08,579 I was asking them earlier, from an evolutionary perspective, 204 00:13:08,662 --> 00:13:11,707 why don't our bodies attack this naturally? 205 00:13:11,791 --> 00:13:13,709 - Isn't that strange? - Yeah. That is... 206 00:13:13,793 --> 00:13:17,588 That is the single most fascinating and annoying thing about flu viruses, 207 00:13:17,671 --> 00:13:19,215 and that's what got me into it. 208 00:13:19,298 --> 00:13:21,300 The virus hides its Achilles heel 209 00:13:21,383 --> 00:13:23,594 in an ocean of things it can flexibly change. 210 00:13:23,677 --> 00:13:26,305 We're teaching the body to help focus on the Achilles heel 211 00:13:26,388 --> 00:13:28,098 and ignore that ocean of nonsense. 212 00:13:28,182 --> 00:13:30,392 In the end of it, it's elegant and simple. 213 00:13:30,476 --> 00:13:33,729 That could apply to any rapidly mutating pathogen. 214 00:13:33,813 --> 00:13:36,398 We can go after flu, but we can also go after HIV, 215 00:13:36,482 --> 00:13:40,402 dengue, Zika, SARS, MERS and a whole bunch of others, so... 216 00:13:40,486 --> 00:13:42,863 It's a big platform we're contemplating here, right? 217 00:13:42,947 --> 00:13:44,156 You build one thing at a time, 218 00:13:44,240 --> 00:13:46,635 but it's a good idea to have a big vision of where this could go. 219 00:13:46,659 --> 00:13:48,410 If this just kept growing, 220 00:13:48,494 --> 00:13:52,039 could we have a big dent in making a pathogen-free humanity? 221 00:13:52,122 --> 00:13:53,958 Which I think should be not just us, 222 00:13:54,041 --> 00:13:57,169 but collectively a consequence of the biotechnology revolution. 223 00:13:57,253 --> 00:14:01,006 I know that sounds like a big dream, but it's good to have big dreams. 224 00:14:01,090 --> 00:14:02,925 Big dreams got us to the moon. 225 00:14:35,416 --> 00:14:38,794 I live and breathe being a Muslim. It shapes my daily life. 226 00:14:41,422 --> 00:14:42,548 I don't drink. 227 00:14:42,631 --> 00:14:45,467 I don't eat meat that's not halal. 228 00:14:45,551 --> 00:14:47,303 And, of course, one of the Pillars of Islam 229 00:14:47,386 --> 00:14:49,513 is making sure that we pray. 230 00:14:50,431 --> 00:14:54,518 Prayer is not for God. It's for me, making sure I remember God day-to-day. 231 00:14:54,602 --> 00:14:58,188 And also, in my way of life, making sure that I do no harm 232 00:14:58,772 --> 00:14:59,857 and help others. 233 00:15:00,482 --> 00:15:04,486 So, I pray every morning before I leave for work or start my day. 234 00:15:05,613 --> 00:15:07,990 Syrup. 235 00:15:08,073 --> 00:15:10,576 Syrup. 236 00:15:11,118 --> 00:15:13,704 Syrup. 237 00:15:14,622 --> 00:15:16,874 Syrup. 238 00:15:17,374 --> 00:15:18,959 Yeah! 239 00:15:19,043 --> 00:15:23,172 I think it's very hard for me to distance myself from my work. 240 00:15:23,255 --> 00:15:25,299 I struggle with that at times. 241 00:15:25,883 --> 00:15:27,635 Mommy, mine is dripping. 242 00:15:28,385 --> 00:15:31,597 For my kids, I actually don't tell them exactly what I do. 243 00:15:31,680 --> 00:15:33,360 I think it's a little bit hard to explain. 244 00:15:33,390 --> 00:15:36,185 They know Mommy works in a hospital environment. 245 00:15:36,268 --> 00:15:38,354 My five-year-old is more concerned about, 246 00:15:38,437 --> 00:15:41,231 "How come other mommies don't work and you work?" 247 00:15:43,817 --> 00:15:44,817 Can you... 248 00:15:44,860 --> 00:15:46,195 Your brother's with you. 249 00:15:57,247 --> 00:15:58,499 My name is Dr. Syra Madad, 250 00:15:58,582 --> 00:16:01,062 I am the senior director of New York City Health and Hospitals' 251 00:16:01,126 --> 00:16:02,836 system-wide Special Pathogens Program. 252 00:16:02,920 --> 00:16:04,922 I deal with preparedness and response 253 00:16:05,005 --> 00:16:07,591 to these types of high-consequence infectious diseases 254 00:16:07,675 --> 00:16:09,736 across the entire enterprise of New York City Health and Hospitals. 255 00:16:09,760 --> 00:16:13,847 Like, Ebola, SARS, MERS... Seasonal flu is a big one that we see every year. 256 00:16:15,182 --> 00:16:18,435 Anyone know what the definition is of a special pathogen? 257 00:16:19,770 --> 00:16:21,689 There is actually no definition, right? 258 00:16:21,772 --> 00:16:24,233 There is no defined definition of a special pathogen. 259 00:16:24,316 --> 00:16:26,485 However, there are characteristics. 260 00:16:26,568 --> 00:16:29,363 So, think about Ebola. What are some characteristics of Ebola 261 00:16:29,446 --> 00:16:30,715 that make it a special pathogen? 262 00:16:30,739 --> 00:16:32,425 - High mortality? - High mortality. 263 00:16:32,449 --> 00:16:34,952 High morbidity, high mortality, right? So it is deadly. 264 00:16:35,035 --> 00:16:37,496 - What's another one? - It causes panic. 265 00:16:37,579 --> 00:16:39,123 Causes panic, exactly. 266 00:16:39,206 --> 00:16:42,334 It is something that can cause public panic. 267 00:16:42,418 --> 00:16:43,979 It's something that creates a lot of fear. 268 00:16:44,003 --> 00:16:45,587 There's two more. 269 00:16:45,671 --> 00:16:46,671 Hard to treat. 270 00:16:46,672 --> 00:16:47,899 Hard to treat, that is a third one, 271 00:16:47,923 --> 00:16:51,010 that you have no prophylactic treatment, or vaccine, 272 00:16:51,093 --> 00:16:53,512 or therapeutic intervention, so that's a third. 273 00:16:53,595 --> 00:16:55,235 - The fourth? - Very contagious. 274 00:16:55,264 --> 00:16:56,574 Very contagious, there is a high likelihood 275 00:16:56,598 --> 00:16:59,398 of person-to-person transmission, so you have a lot of secondary cases. 276 00:16:59,435 --> 00:17:02,938 Influenza is extremely hard to predict. 277 00:17:03,022 --> 00:17:04,940 It just takes one person, one host, 278 00:17:05,024 --> 00:17:08,235 and then you can start a whole outbreak that can lead to a pandemic. 279 00:17:11,030 --> 00:17:13,449 Over 3,000 commercial flights 280 00:17:13,532 --> 00:17:16,744 pass through New York City airports every single day. 281 00:17:16,827 --> 00:17:22,458 If a passenger arrives in New York City with a novel disease like H7N9 flu, 282 00:17:22,541 --> 00:17:25,669 it can very well begin to spread undetected. 283 00:17:26,503 --> 00:17:28,255 This is an airborne virus, 284 00:17:28,338 --> 00:17:31,675 so things like coughing and sneezing, mere fact of just breathing, 285 00:17:31,759 --> 00:17:33,761 is a way of spreading this disease. 286 00:17:34,344 --> 00:17:36,180 Because there is no prior immunity... 287 00:17:37,181 --> 00:17:39,933 the outbreak would proceed very aggressively. 288 00:17:40,934 --> 00:17:43,729 There's 8.6 million people here in New York City. 289 00:17:44,897 --> 00:17:48,525 Every day, hospitals operate at over 100% capacity. 290 00:17:48,609 --> 00:17:52,696 In a matter of weeks, a novel virulent influenza strain 291 00:17:52,780 --> 00:17:54,406 will incapacitate our city. 292 00:17:55,365 --> 00:17:58,535 The demand for burials will become overwhelming 293 00:17:58,619 --> 00:18:03,207 and morgues will begin to overflow, just like we saw in 1918. 294 00:18:03,832 --> 00:18:07,377 Within one month, the virus can spread throughout the country, 295 00:18:07,461 --> 00:18:11,381 and within a month after that, could be widespread throughout the world. 296 00:18:13,217 --> 00:18:16,261 And all it would take is just one person. 297 00:18:32,945 --> 00:18:35,614 Eastern parts of the Democratic Republic of Congo 298 00:18:35,697 --> 00:18:38,408 are struggling to contain the second-worst outbreak 299 00:18:38,492 --> 00:18:41,286 of the deadly Ebola virus in history. 300 00:18:42,329 --> 00:18:45,457 More than 1,100 people have died from the deadly virus 301 00:18:45,541 --> 00:18:48,752 in two provinces along the borders of three countries. 302 00:18:50,629 --> 00:18:56,009 Experts fear the outbreak is increasing and that the virus could soon spread. 303 00:18:59,513 --> 00:19:05,644 In Ebola, you miss one case, it can trigger six more and then multiply. 304 00:19:05,727 --> 00:19:08,063 For us, it's the worst scenario. 305 00:19:09,606 --> 00:19:12,442 There's the ETC visit. Um... 306 00:19:12,526 --> 00:19:17,489 There's also hopefully time to stop by an ITC training. 307 00:19:17,573 --> 00:19:21,952 Mmm-hmm. They want to know for the UN, what we are doing... 308 00:19:22,452 --> 00:19:27,457 and what are the key challenges and how we address them. 309 00:19:34,882 --> 00:19:37,509 Goma is a very dense city. 310 00:19:38,260 --> 00:19:41,013 Because of population movement, 311 00:19:41,096 --> 00:19:45,434 the risk of Ebola moving towards Goma is very high. 312 00:19:46,226 --> 00:19:49,354 The outbreak started in a place called Mangina, 313 00:19:49,438 --> 00:19:53,734 with a family, and from there it moved to Beni city, 314 00:19:53,817 --> 00:19:59,823 and from Beni people moved to Butembo, where the situation has exploded now. 315 00:20:00,324 --> 00:20:03,452 We are hoping that it doesn't reach Goma. 316 00:20:03,535 --> 00:20:04,953 We have two million people. 317 00:20:05,037 --> 00:20:10,042 With a high-density population, actually, Ebola can become incontrollable. 318 00:20:10,125 --> 00:20:14,880 And the risk that it can actually spread to other countries is very high. 319 00:20:20,594 --> 00:20:22,179 Hello, everyone, hello. 320 00:20:33,732 --> 00:20:36,360 People with a high temperature. 321 00:20:36,443 --> 00:20:39,446 A high temperature, we will direct them to here. 322 00:20:39,529 --> 00:20:40,739 All right. 323 00:20:40,822 --> 00:20:42,074 Let's continue. 324 00:20:46,703 --> 00:20:49,122 To survive from this virus, 325 00:20:49,206 --> 00:20:52,417 the objective in Ebola is to move faster. 326 00:20:53,335 --> 00:20:55,295 Detect the first case, 327 00:20:55,379 --> 00:20:57,214 isolate the case... 328 00:20:57,756 --> 00:21:00,342 and then stop the chain of transmission. 329 00:21:02,219 --> 00:21:07,015 One patient moving from these Ebola-affected places to Goma... 330 00:21:07,099 --> 00:21:09,184 and it can easily be... 331 00:21:09,268 --> 00:21:10,519 a disaster. 332 00:21:13,313 --> 00:21:16,066 Ebola virus is one of those viruses 333 00:21:16,149 --> 00:21:19,945 that is largely spread by direct physical contact 334 00:21:20,028 --> 00:21:22,489 between one person and another. 335 00:21:22,572 --> 00:21:23,907 When there is an outbreak, 336 00:21:23,991 --> 00:21:28,036 it's largely contained within a defined geographic area. 337 00:21:28,120 --> 00:21:30,998 Influenza and respiratory viruses 338 00:21:31,081 --> 00:21:32,881 are the ones that you're most concerned about, 339 00:21:32,958 --> 00:21:36,753 in terms of being able to spread rapidly from one human to another 340 00:21:36,837 --> 00:21:39,506 and spread around the world very quickly. 341 00:21:39,589 --> 00:21:41,174 By way of example, 342 00:21:41,758 --> 00:21:47,389 the Ebola virus that spread in West Africa from 2014 to 2016, 343 00:21:47,472 --> 00:21:49,599 the worst Ebola outbreak in history, 344 00:21:49,683 --> 00:21:54,062 largely stayed within the three countries in West Africa. 345 00:21:54,146 --> 00:21:57,858 One traveler went to Nigeria, one traveler went to Dallas, 346 00:21:57,941 --> 00:21:59,609 but they never spread. 347 00:21:59,693 --> 00:22:03,947 And 30,000 to 50,000 people were infected, 348 00:22:04,031 --> 00:22:08,410 as opposed to H1N1 pandemic influenza virus, 349 00:22:08,493 --> 00:22:13,915 sometimes referred to as swine flu, that emerged in the spring of 2009. 350 00:22:13,999 --> 00:22:15,208 Within 12 months, 351 00:22:15,292 --> 00:22:19,254 it had spread around the world and infected two billion people. 352 00:22:19,338 --> 00:22:22,132 The 50,000 versus two billion 353 00:22:22,215 --> 00:22:27,095 tells us the challenges of dealing with an influenza-like virus, 354 00:22:27,179 --> 00:22:30,557 simply by virtue of how easily and rapidly it can spread. 355 00:22:30,640 --> 00:22:32,726 It was just a matter of luck 356 00:22:32,809 --> 00:22:36,980 that the swine flu variant of 2009 wasn't more lethal. 357 00:22:37,064 --> 00:22:41,902 Had it been, hundreds of millions of men, women, and children would have died. 358 00:22:54,164 --> 00:22:57,834 We were traveling along with the Honduran caravan, 359 00:22:57,918 --> 00:22:59,378 and... 360 00:22:59,461 --> 00:23:03,548 we crossed over a fence that was in the way 361 00:23:03,632 --> 00:23:07,010 and we ran into an officer further up the road. 362 00:23:07,761 --> 00:23:09,179 He caught us. 363 00:23:11,890 --> 00:23:14,184 We were taken to... 364 00:23:14,267 --> 00:23:16,186 it was like a prison. 365 00:23:17,104 --> 00:23:22,025 We were kept there for two days and transferred to a different one, 366 00:23:22,109 --> 00:23:24,277 until we finally got here. 367 00:23:29,574 --> 00:23:31,636 It's hard for me to listen to them 368 00:23:31,660 --> 00:23:34,371 tell about how they walked, and walked, 369 00:23:34,454 --> 00:23:36,307 and how some of the Mexicans took advantage of them 370 00:23:36,331 --> 00:23:39,835 and stole their money, and how the women were badly treated. 371 00:23:40,669 --> 00:23:43,046 I can't get in my head what they've been through. 372 00:23:43,130 --> 00:23:45,006 All I can do is make them feel better now. 373 00:23:45,590 --> 00:23:46,925 Hey, little one. 374 00:23:47,342 --> 00:23:48,802 Boom! 375 00:23:49,636 --> 00:23:50,804 Boom, boom, boom... 376 00:23:50,887 --> 00:23:52,722 Here, you've gotta watch where you're going. 377 00:23:53,473 --> 00:23:54,808 How's that? Better? 378 00:23:55,559 --> 00:23:57,144 Well, see ya. 379 00:23:59,938 --> 00:24:01,606 You've got a little one. 380 00:24:03,942 --> 00:24:05,702 Good afternoon, how are you? 381 00:24:05,777 --> 00:24:07,779 Please come with me this way. 382 00:24:07,863 --> 00:24:10,073 Hi! Say hi to me, how are you? 383 00:24:10,157 --> 00:24:12,951 Come stand here with me, come. 384 00:24:16,538 --> 00:24:18,165 These papers 385 00:24:18,248 --> 00:24:20,917 that you have here are the most important thing you have now. 386 00:24:21,001 --> 00:24:24,546 This is your legal status in the US, okay? 387 00:24:24,629 --> 00:24:28,049 With this, you can take your kids to school. 388 00:24:28,133 --> 00:24:30,760 You can take them to the doctor if you need help. 389 00:24:30,844 --> 00:24:34,139 I want to make it clear, you are no longer detained. 390 00:24:34,222 --> 00:24:35,682 You are free. 391 00:24:36,266 --> 00:24:40,979 We are free, right? I think we are... 392 00:24:46,902 --> 00:24:48,153 Now, you're okay here... 393 00:24:53,200 --> 00:24:55,076 You're good, okay? 394 00:24:59,998 --> 00:25:03,460 Please, try to relax, I know you're still very tense. 395 00:25:03,543 --> 00:25:05,462 But not anymore, okay? 396 00:25:06,421 --> 00:25:07,881 You're all from Honduras? 397 00:25:07,964 --> 00:25:09,341 Yes, all of us. 398 00:25:09,424 --> 00:25:14,012 How much time did you spend at the ICE center? 399 00:25:15,805 --> 00:25:17,724 - Two weeks. - Two weeks. 400 00:25:17,807 --> 00:25:20,060 How many days were you traveling? 401 00:25:21,520 --> 00:25:24,189 - Twenty-two days. - Twenty-two days? 402 00:25:28,151 --> 00:25:30,195 Does she want any ibuprofen? 403 00:25:30,278 --> 00:25:32,781 Do you want something for the pain? 404 00:25:32,864 --> 00:25:35,659 Yes, because it itches... Yes. 405 00:25:36,243 --> 00:25:40,956 When people have been experiencing adverse circumstances 406 00:25:41,039 --> 00:25:46,711 such as inadequate food and water, dehydration and particularly stress, 407 00:25:46,795 --> 00:25:50,173 all those factors would increase risk in terms of getting flu 408 00:25:50,257 --> 00:25:51,758 and other illnesses as well. 409 00:25:51,841 --> 00:25:53,444 She didn't fall, didn't hurt herself. 410 00:25:53,468 --> 00:25:54,970 Is it getting better? 411 00:25:55,053 --> 00:25:56,638 Is she able to eat right now? 412 00:25:56,721 --> 00:26:01,142 We knew that these refugees had been kept all together 413 00:26:01,226 --> 00:26:06,273 in some kind of facility for a few days under less-than-ideal conditions, 414 00:26:06,356 --> 00:26:07,399 then brought to us, 415 00:26:07,482 --> 00:26:10,819 and then they would be scattered across the country. 416 00:26:10,902 --> 00:26:15,574 And I thought, "This is a public health issue disaster waiting to happen." 417 00:26:15,657 --> 00:26:18,010 - Cough drops, anything else? - The tongue blades. 418 00:26:18,034 --> 00:26:19,470 And they don't have to be sterile ones. 419 00:26:19,494 --> 00:26:21,746 I said, "We gotta do something about this. 420 00:26:21,830 --> 00:26:24,541 We just need to get some flu vaccine for these people." 421 00:26:27,127 --> 00:26:29,337 - It's Juan and Juan. - Juan and Juan. 422 00:26:29,421 --> 00:26:33,216 Juan and Juan. Come on in, you're next on The Price is Right. 423 00:26:34,217 --> 00:26:38,054 The flu vaccine is about 50% effective. 424 00:26:39,848 --> 00:26:42,934 But it also, even if it doesn't prevent it, 425 00:26:43,018 --> 00:26:47,022 generally modulates it so that it'll be much milder, 426 00:26:47,105 --> 00:26:51,484 so your risk of having a serious consequence is much less. 427 00:26:52,986 --> 00:26:54,487 He laughs. 428 00:26:54,571 --> 00:26:56,990 I had a professor in pediatrics who said, 429 00:26:57,073 --> 00:26:59,576 "Why take care of people at the end of their lives 430 00:26:59,659 --> 00:27:01,762 when you can take care of them at the beginning of their lives 431 00:27:01,786 --> 00:27:03,955 and have an impact for the rest of their lives." 432 00:27:04,039 --> 00:27:06,333 Take a deep breath. 433 00:27:09,461 --> 00:27:10,879 Cough. 434 00:27:10,962 --> 00:27:11,920 Okay. 435 00:27:11,921 --> 00:27:15,425 There are tens of thousands of deaths every year from the flu. 436 00:27:15,508 --> 00:27:19,095 I'm not sure why that doesn't impress people. 437 00:27:19,179 --> 00:27:21,931 People got freaked out about the Ebola virus 438 00:27:22,015 --> 00:27:23,933 when there was one case in the United States, 439 00:27:24,017 --> 00:27:27,228 but the flu virus, which can kill thousands of people, 440 00:27:27,312 --> 00:27:30,523 for which we have a prevention, people don't get it. 441 00:27:30,607 --> 00:27:34,152 So, for us in the medical field, sometimes it becomes very frustrating. 442 00:27:34,235 --> 00:27:39,115 Kill the bill. Kill the bill. Kill the bill. 443 00:27:47,874 --> 00:27:49,769 My eight children are healthy, 444 00:27:49,793 --> 00:27:51,336 happy and vaccine-free. 445 00:27:54,047 --> 00:27:57,342 We're a responsible family that takes care of our immune system 446 00:27:57,425 --> 00:27:59,427 by living a healthy lifestyle. 447 00:28:00,679 --> 00:28:04,766 We are in charge of our children, not the government. 448 00:28:04,849 --> 00:28:08,770 - We do not consent. - We do not consent. 449 00:28:11,815 --> 00:28:14,401 The rally today at the courthouse... 450 00:28:14,484 --> 00:28:18,405 There's something really powerful about a physical body showing up 451 00:28:18,488 --> 00:28:21,157 to say enough is enough and I want my freedom of choice. 452 00:28:21,741 --> 00:28:23,201 Our specific beliefs, 453 00:28:23,284 --> 00:28:26,788 whether it be religion, personal views, health... 454 00:28:26,871 --> 00:28:29,916 We are standing together, fighting for our rights in Oregon. 455 00:28:30,667 --> 00:28:32,377 - Are you informed? - Yeah! 456 00:28:32,460 --> 00:28:34,671 - Do you consent? - No! 457 00:28:34,754 --> 00:28:36,506 Thank you for turning up. 458 00:28:36,589 --> 00:28:39,134 I don't want you guys harassed by these people. 459 00:28:39,217 --> 00:28:42,721 I don't think they're gonna cause physical damage to our office. 460 00:28:42,804 --> 00:28:44,681 I just don't want them getting in your faces. 461 00:28:44,764 --> 00:28:47,350 So, it is World Immunization Day, actually. 462 00:28:47,434 --> 00:28:49,203 - The radio told me today. - Are you serious? 463 00:28:49,227 --> 00:28:50,353 No, it is not! 464 00:28:50,437 --> 00:28:52,188 - It's World Immunization Day? - It is. 465 00:28:52,272 --> 00:28:55,442 I had no idea. We could not have planned this better. 466 00:28:55,525 --> 00:28:56,525 All right. 467 00:28:56,568 --> 00:28:58,862 - We're gonna take that as a good sign. - Yeah. 468 00:28:58,945 --> 00:29:02,323 You know, there are certain things that push people's buttons. 469 00:29:02,407 --> 00:29:06,327 Um, guns, gun bills... Turns out immunizations is one of them. 470 00:29:06,411 --> 00:29:10,039 There were already 42 voicemails when they came in this morning. 471 00:29:14,294 --> 00:29:18,590 We've had a large number of protests. People are pretty grumpy. 472 00:29:18,673 --> 00:29:19,841 A lot of hate mail 473 00:29:19,924 --> 00:29:22,010 that eventually descended into death threats 474 00:29:22,093 --> 00:29:23,261 against me and my children. 475 00:29:25,638 --> 00:29:27,932 I think the stairs are safer than the elevators. 476 00:29:28,016 --> 00:29:29,016 Mmm-hmm. 477 00:29:29,017 --> 00:29:31,644 - Good morning. - Good morning. 478 00:29:31,728 --> 00:29:32,812 Morning, Senator. 479 00:29:35,106 --> 00:29:39,986 Stop 3063! Stop 3063! 480 00:29:42,363 --> 00:29:46,242 It's your job to storm this building 481 00:29:46,326 --> 00:29:49,496 and tell them to stop this over-reach. 482 00:29:50,705 --> 00:29:53,333 Freedom now! Health now! 483 00:29:53,416 --> 00:29:54,501 Freedom now! 484 00:29:54,584 --> 00:29:56,795 Health now! Freedom now! 485 00:29:56,878 --> 00:29:58,880 I didn't come here to do easy stuff. 486 00:29:59,380 --> 00:30:01,674 That isn't why I came to legislation. 487 00:30:02,759 --> 00:30:05,678 I came here to protect Oregon's children. 488 00:30:06,805 --> 00:30:08,032 The US is now dealing 489 00:30:08,056 --> 00:30:11,434 with the worst outbreak of measles since 2000. 490 00:30:12,393 --> 00:30:17,357 There have been nearly 700 cases confirmed in 22 states this year. 491 00:30:17,899 --> 00:30:19,043 Measles is clearly 492 00:30:19,067 --> 00:30:23,071 one of the most contagious viruses known to man. 493 00:30:23,154 --> 00:30:25,657 The measles virus causes high fever and rash 494 00:30:25,740 --> 00:30:28,201 and can lead to serious complications. 495 00:30:28,284 --> 00:30:29,887 Health officials are blaming 496 00:30:29,911 --> 00:30:32,288 the outbreak on misinformation about vaccines. 497 00:30:32,372 --> 00:30:35,124 The vast majority of cases have occurred in children 498 00:30:35,208 --> 00:30:37,293 who have not received the vaccine. 499 00:30:37,377 --> 00:30:39,057 The problem's so widespread, 500 00:30:39,087 --> 00:30:41,840 the World Health Organization is calling the refusal to vaccinate 501 00:30:41,923 --> 00:30:45,218 one of the biggest threats of 2019, right behind Ebola. 502 00:30:46,511 --> 00:30:49,514 Vaccine hesitancy is one of the largest threats 503 00:30:49,597 --> 00:30:51,349 to human health there is. 504 00:30:51,432 --> 00:30:55,103 The complications of a serious viral illness like measles 505 00:30:55,186 --> 00:30:57,939 can be very profound, up to and including death. 506 00:30:58,648 --> 00:31:01,985 House Bill 3063, at its heart, does one thing. 507 00:31:02,068 --> 00:31:03,736 If you have a child 508 00:31:03,820 --> 00:31:06,072 and you want that child to attend a licensed school 509 00:31:06,155 --> 00:31:07,949 or childcare provider in this state, 510 00:31:08,032 --> 00:31:10,577 that child either has to have a medical exemption 511 00:31:10,660 --> 00:31:13,496 or they have to get all the required immunizations. 512 00:31:14,455 --> 00:31:19,711 If I don't want to immunize my child, I'm putting my child at risk. 513 00:31:19,794 --> 00:31:21,170 You could make an argument 514 00:31:21,254 --> 00:31:24,007 that as a parent, I have that choice, and that right, 515 00:31:24,090 --> 00:31:26,301 but do I have a right to put your child at risk? 516 00:31:27,010 --> 00:31:28,720 Any baby under the age of one 517 00:31:28,803 --> 00:31:31,097 and people whose immune systems are suppressed, 518 00:31:31,180 --> 00:31:34,767 are really being placed at risk by people not immunizing their children. 519 00:31:34,851 --> 00:31:38,938 The vast majority of people who choose not to immunize their children, 520 00:31:39,022 --> 00:31:41,316 do choose to obey traffic laws. 521 00:31:41,399 --> 00:31:45,278 For example, immunizing your children is like stopping at a red light. 522 00:31:45,361 --> 00:31:47,822 It's a pretty good idea so you don't run into somebody 523 00:31:47,906 --> 00:31:50,450 who's going the other direction with a green light, right? 524 00:31:51,159 --> 00:31:55,872 We all have to make a series of choices when we choose to live in society. 525 00:31:55,955 --> 00:31:58,416 I mean, this is a public health emergency. 526 00:31:58,499 --> 00:32:01,711 At some point, we have to take some tough votes. 527 00:32:19,687 --> 00:32:22,190 There are times where I do feel 528 00:32:22,273 --> 00:32:25,026 like people look at me that either I'm too young 529 00:32:25,109 --> 00:32:28,279 or I'm a woman and out of place or both. 530 00:32:28,363 --> 00:32:32,325 It motivates me to work even harder to be successful. 531 00:32:37,872 --> 00:32:40,750 For those of you who have joined us recently, this is a good opportunity 532 00:32:40,833 --> 00:32:44,462 to see what we've been working on for the vaccine program. 533 00:32:45,964 --> 00:32:48,174 Vaccines have been hugely successful 534 00:32:48,257 --> 00:32:52,845 in nearly eradicating many pathogens that have once plagued humanity. 535 00:32:53,721 --> 00:32:56,808 However, they have failed in rapidly mutating pathogens 536 00:32:56,891 --> 00:32:59,727 such as influenza and HIV and others. 537 00:32:59,811 --> 00:33:03,982 Many groups have tried to find a universal influenza vaccine. 538 00:33:04,065 --> 00:33:06,275 All of these previous attempts have failed 539 00:33:06,359 --> 00:33:11,948 at producing a broadly-neutralizing, universally-protective flu vaccine. 540 00:33:13,116 --> 00:33:16,786 More complex but also brilliant solutions have been attempted 541 00:33:16,869 --> 00:33:20,915 and failed for various reasons that maybe no one really knows. 542 00:33:20,999 --> 00:33:24,794 So we just had to completely turn it around and say, 543 00:33:24,877 --> 00:33:28,172 "What kind of barriers exist and how can we do it differently?" 544 00:33:29,298 --> 00:33:33,177 Our approach is new, and then we tried it out in pigs. 545 00:33:35,263 --> 00:33:39,475 The immune systems between pigs and humans are actually remarkably similar, 546 00:33:40,518 --> 00:33:46,691 so if it works in pigs, we can be reasonably sure it will work in humans. 547 00:33:47,692 --> 00:33:51,446 What Jake did is he figured, "Okay, well, it's gonna be too expensive 548 00:33:51,529 --> 00:33:53,781 for me to run a pig study in the US, 549 00:33:53,865 --> 00:33:57,326 but I really wanna see this through and see if my idea is gonna work." 550 00:33:58,786 --> 00:34:02,540 So I wanted to do pigs and Guatemala became a way that I could do that. 551 00:34:05,918 --> 00:34:10,840 Guatemala has a pretty big pig industry and I grew up down there. 552 00:34:11,799 --> 00:34:14,319 My father still has a hotel and restaurant, so we had property nearby 553 00:34:14,343 --> 00:34:16,054 that I could use to set up a facility. 554 00:34:16,763 --> 00:34:21,809 It turns out it's only about $40 or $50 US to buy a pig in Guatemala. 555 00:34:22,727 --> 00:34:24,955 And suddenly, this whole thing lined up where I realized 556 00:34:24,979 --> 00:34:28,483 there was an opportunity to go run these animal studies in Guatemala 557 00:34:28,566 --> 00:34:31,360 and then having nice labs in the States to analyze the results. 558 00:34:32,403 --> 00:34:36,741 We paid a fraction, a tenth of the cost 559 00:34:36,824 --> 00:34:39,243 it would have been to run this study in the US. 560 00:34:41,579 --> 00:34:44,791 And these are some pictures of us in Guatemala with our baby pigs. 561 00:34:45,416 --> 00:34:49,253 We had a group of all-female pigs so we tried to give them all pig-related names. 562 00:34:50,004 --> 00:34:54,092 Oh, it's Squeeyonce and Jennifer Hamiston and Kim Kardashioink, 563 00:34:54,175 --> 00:34:57,804 Spamela Anderson, Hamon Biles, Katy Porky, Squeeanna, 564 00:34:57,887 --> 00:34:59,527 and then the list goes on. 565 00:35:01,015 --> 00:35:05,436 And right there was the moment when we realized that it was working. 566 00:35:08,106 --> 00:35:12,610 I've flown down to Guatemala 16 times in about three years. 567 00:35:13,277 --> 00:35:17,156 Right now, we're prepping to go back to Guatemala for one final test. 568 00:35:18,407 --> 00:35:21,869 We're really confident in our data and we know that the vaccine works. 569 00:35:21,953 --> 00:35:27,458 However, the vaccine requires seven shots to get the response that we like to see. 570 00:35:28,292 --> 00:35:30,586 Nobody likes to go to the doctor to get shots, 571 00:35:30,670 --> 00:35:33,339 especially shot after shot after shot. 572 00:35:33,422 --> 00:35:37,009 So we had to figure out how to get the same protection that we had before, 573 00:35:37,093 --> 00:35:39,303 but with fewer shots. Ideally, one shot. 574 00:35:39,387 --> 00:35:41,430 So that's our next big milestone. 575 00:35:42,306 --> 00:35:44,684 We also need to move on to human clinical trials. 576 00:35:46,102 --> 00:35:47,830 There is a lot of pressure leading up to this trip, 577 00:35:47,854 --> 00:35:50,690 because this is our final animal study in Guatemala. 578 00:35:51,315 --> 00:35:56,237 What we want is for Centivax to be the last flu vaccine you'll ever need. 579 00:36:05,621 --> 00:36:08,461 Thank you for giving me time to speak. 580 00:36:11,419 --> 00:36:15,715 We have 1,023 cases, of which 958 are confirmed cases. 581 00:36:16,507 --> 00:36:20,469 638 deaths, 321 healed. 582 00:36:20,553 --> 00:36:23,306 Ebola is a very contagious virus. 583 00:36:24,056 --> 00:36:26,392 It's going to kill the whole family. 584 00:36:27,143 --> 00:36:28,436 The whole village. 585 00:36:30,062 --> 00:36:31,230 The whole city. 586 00:36:32,481 --> 00:36:35,818 The first confirmed case is a 23-year-old woman. 587 00:36:35,902 --> 00:36:39,238 The second case was a three-year-old child. 588 00:36:39,322 --> 00:36:43,910 It's a very painful disease, like a severe flu. 589 00:36:43,993 --> 00:36:46,913 You have muscular pain. You have fever. 590 00:36:47,705 --> 00:36:50,499 For the fourth case, it's a 33-year-old man. 591 00:36:51,209 --> 00:36:55,671 The fifth case is a five-year-old female child. 592 00:36:56,672 --> 00:37:00,635 And when it reaches organ failure, then you start bleeding. 593 00:37:01,510 --> 00:37:06,891 I can see the patient suffering and dying with a lot of pain. 594 00:37:07,475 --> 00:37:09,101 I have to solve this issue. 595 00:37:09,185 --> 00:37:11,395 I have to stop the outbreak, 596 00:37:11,479 --> 00:37:14,565 and stop the suffering of all these people. 597 00:37:14,649 --> 00:37:17,485 The sixth case is a 16-year-old girl. 598 00:37:17,568 --> 00:37:20,154 The seventh case, is a 56-year-old man. 599 00:37:20,780 --> 00:37:23,115 This is the main motivation. 600 00:37:25,493 --> 00:37:27,536 When do you wanna schedule that for? 601 00:37:28,579 --> 00:37:32,083 It takes a lot of heart, really, to do this kind of job. 602 00:37:41,133 --> 00:37:45,221 Michel is able to engage people and build trust in people, 603 00:37:45,304 --> 00:37:49,016 in a way that cuts through any kind of hierarchy. 604 00:37:49,100 --> 00:37:51,769 And really cuts through a lot of the different communities, 605 00:37:51,852 --> 00:37:53,896 cultures, nationalities that we have coming here. 606 00:37:53,980 --> 00:37:56,816 His Excellency. His Excellency is handsome. 607 00:37:57,692 --> 00:38:00,528 Michel has a great respect, both for other people, 608 00:38:00,611 --> 00:38:02,238 but also other people for him, 609 00:38:02,321 --> 00:38:06,200 and I always was struck by his immediate ability 610 00:38:06,284 --> 00:38:09,662 to make people calm in a very stressful environment, 611 00:38:09,745 --> 00:38:11,330 and that's a real skill. 612 00:38:11,414 --> 00:38:15,668 But we have not yet been able to overcome a lot of the lack of trust 613 00:38:15,751 --> 00:38:18,587 and the deficit of trust that communities have in us. 614 00:38:18,671 --> 00:38:19,964 People are terrified, 615 00:38:20,464 --> 00:38:22,264 and they're terrified for a number of reasons, 616 00:38:22,341 --> 00:38:23,592 but this is a scary disease. 617 00:38:24,552 --> 00:38:26,721 Okay, can we start? 618 00:38:26,804 --> 00:38:33,769 Doctor, how do you respond to views that vaccines against the Ebola virus 619 00:38:33,853 --> 00:38:39,567 are a means used by the West, Americans, 620 00:38:39,650 --> 00:38:45,156 to infect the population with the virus, to perpetuate the epidemic? 621 00:38:45,239 --> 00:38:48,826 This vaccine doesn't have the Ebola virus. 622 00:38:48,909 --> 00:38:52,538 It's a vaccine that stimulates immunity. 623 00:38:52,621 --> 00:38:57,043 I've taken exactly the same vaccine. 624 00:38:57,126 --> 00:39:02,298 There are rumors, notably in Goma, which are spreading, 625 00:39:02,381 --> 00:39:06,552 that a person has died from the vaccine inoculation. 626 00:39:06,635 --> 00:39:09,680 That's not the case. 627 00:39:10,514 --> 00:39:12,159 To date, I can guarantee 628 00:39:12,183 --> 00:39:13,768 we don't have any major incidents 629 00:39:13,851 --> 00:39:17,813 directly linked to the vaccine. 630 00:39:20,149 --> 00:39:21,525 In influenza, 631 00:39:21,609 --> 00:39:24,987 during the crisis, you may have to change vaccine, 632 00:39:25,071 --> 00:39:27,823 because the flu virus can mutate easily. 633 00:39:28,699 --> 00:39:33,496 At least, the good thing for Ebola is that we have actually one vaccine. 634 00:39:34,663 --> 00:39:36,374 It's an experimental vaccine 635 00:39:36,457 --> 00:39:40,336 that the manufacturer cannot produce in huge numbers. 636 00:39:40,419 --> 00:39:44,757 At the beginning of the outbreak, we had 300,000 doses, 637 00:39:45,591 --> 00:39:47,301 and this is for worldwide. 638 00:39:48,010 --> 00:39:50,805 We cannot afford to do a mass campaign. 639 00:39:50,888 --> 00:39:52,681 We don't have enough vaccine. 640 00:39:53,849 --> 00:39:55,017 So, in this case, 641 00:39:55,101 --> 00:39:59,021 the appropriate strategy is to vaccinate frontline workers. 642 00:40:10,533 --> 00:40:12,413 Okay, this doesn't scare you? 643 00:40:12,868 --> 00:40:14,161 Are you still okay with this? 644 00:40:14,912 --> 00:40:15,912 Okay, Doctor. 645 00:40:15,955 --> 00:40:17,748 We will vaccinate the young lady. 646 00:40:18,707 --> 00:40:20,185 This vaccine will protect 647 00:40:20,209 --> 00:40:22,586 the health workers from the disease. 648 00:40:23,379 --> 00:40:27,758 But, unfortunately, Ebola is not the only danger they face. 649 00:40:33,389 --> 00:40:34,866 A new spike in deadly violence 650 00:40:34,890 --> 00:40:37,184 has gripped the Democratic Republic of Congo. 651 00:40:37,852 --> 00:40:41,230 Armed rebel groups are targeting Ebola health care teams 652 00:40:41,313 --> 00:40:43,107 in the country's eastern region. 653 00:40:43,190 --> 00:40:45,985 Two aid workers were killed in one attack over the weekend. 654 00:40:46,861 --> 00:40:50,865 Two days ago, we had one of the vaccination team members 655 00:40:50,948 --> 00:40:53,617 being beaten and even thrown into the river. 656 00:40:56,829 --> 00:41:00,374 We are experiencing attacks from different armed groups. 657 00:41:01,167 --> 00:41:02,501 We became the target. 658 00:41:04,003 --> 00:41:05,379 This is quite hard. 659 00:41:06,088 --> 00:41:07,923 It's like fighting two armies. 660 00:41:08,883 --> 00:41:09,925 The outbreak itself... 661 00:41:11,093 --> 00:41:14,972 and the groups that fight Ebola teams. 662 00:41:26,275 --> 00:41:27,651 Good morning! 663 00:41:28,235 --> 00:41:31,697 Do you have a pill for my ear pain? 664 00:41:31,780 --> 00:41:34,950 Are you in a lot of pain? Does your throat hurt, too? 665 00:41:35,034 --> 00:41:36,034 Yes. 666 00:41:38,287 --> 00:41:39,788 Thank you! 667 00:41:41,081 --> 00:41:42,875 Now, you can eat the lozenge. 668 00:41:44,793 --> 00:41:46,337 - Does it taste funny? - Yes. 669 00:41:49,632 --> 00:41:52,968 We're coming from Poptun, Ixobel, Guatemala. 670 00:41:55,930 --> 00:41:58,724 I didn't want to leave my country and my mother behind, but I had to. 671 00:42:00,267 --> 00:42:02,770 I might lose a family member or even my girls, 672 00:42:02,853 --> 00:42:04,355 the most important people in my life. 673 00:42:04,438 --> 00:42:05,523 I decided I'd rather leave. 674 00:42:06,398 --> 00:42:07,459 Mmm-hmm. 675 00:42:07,483 --> 00:42:09,944 But I know I'll be back with them someday. 676 00:42:11,820 --> 00:42:14,573 Here's the one where they threaten my husband. 677 00:42:16,033 --> 00:42:19,620 Said they'd turn her into ground pork and kidnap us. 678 00:42:22,164 --> 00:42:25,042 Until they get rid of every single person in the family. 679 00:42:27,294 --> 00:42:29,129 That's what the message says. 680 00:42:30,297 --> 00:42:33,050 - Were you scared when you saw it? - Yeah. 681 00:42:36,929 --> 00:42:39,306 But, yeah, we're already here. 682 00:42:39,390 --> 00:42:43,769 Things will be different once we are with our family, God willing. 683 00:42:45,312 --> 00:42:46,313 Uh-huh. 684 00:42:49,316 --> 00:42:51,336 People don't like to leave their countries. 685 00:42:51,360 --> 00:42:55,531 They have relationships there. They have a feeling about the land. 686 00:42:55,656 --> 00:42:59,326 I'm sure if it was a safe environment and they could make a living, 687 00:42:59,410 --> 00:43:01,453 they would be happy staying there. 688 00:43:03,372 --> 00:43:06,542 You really feel you wanna do everything you can 689 00:43:06,625 --> 00:43:11,630 to make up for the horrible circumstances under which they've come here. 690 00:43:11,714 --> 00:43:13,924 And I think everyone at the facility feels that way. 691 00:43:16,010 --> 00:43:17,595 I got two of them. 692 00:43:18,721 --> 00:43:20,347 Both from Alia. 693 00:43:22,141 --> 00:43:24,518 My one daughter, she's in North Carolina. 694 00:43:25,894 --> 00:43:29,315 She's helping me out. She sent the boxes for the kids. 695 00:43:30,649 --> 00:43:33,319 I can't believe she got ten coats in here, but... 696 00:43:35,195 --> 00:43:37,656 Oh, one of the little girls will love that. 697 00:43:37,740 --> 00:43:39,241 That's so nice. 698 00:43:39,325 --> 00:43:42,411 I hate giving out second-hand stuff that's all yucky. 699 00:43:50,919 --> 00:43:53,505 For everything these families have been through, 700 00:43:53,964 --> 00:43:57,176 and some have been through so much that we don't even know about, 701 00:43:57,259 --> 00:43:59,678 and then they come up to this country, 702 00:43:59,762 --> 00:44:03,223 and to die from anything, much less the flu, something preventable, 703 00:44:03,307 --> 00:44:04,600 it's inexcusable. 704 00:44:04,683 --> 00:44:07,353 We're gonna do whatever we can to make sure that doesn't happen. 705 00:44:12,149 --> 00:44:14,151 Is it okay? Oh, oh... 706 00:44:16,403 --> 00:44:19,239 Oh... Oh... 707 00:44:19,323 --> 00:44:20,616 Oh, baby. 708 00:44:23,452 --> 00:44:24,703 Oh... 709 00:44:25,704 --> 00:44:27,665 Oh... Hey, baby. 710 00:44:27,748 --> 00:44:31,210 The acceptance of the vaccine among the refugee families 711 00:44:31,293 --> 00:44:33,796 was very shocking, because I felt, 712 00:44:33,879 --> 00:44:37,216 after their experience, why would they trust us? 713 00:44:37,758 --> 00:44:38,759 But they did. 714 00:44:38,842 --> 00:44:42,262 And when we said we are offering the flu vaccine, 715 00:44:42,346 --> 00:44:44,848 they basically all came to get it, 716 00:44:45,307 --> 00:44:48,018 and it was such a nice change 717 00:44:48,102 --> 00:44:50,354 from having to struggle with people, 718 00:44:50,437 --> 00:44:52,117 to fight with them about getting a vaccine. 719 00:44:52,147 --> 00:44:54,900 That was very rewarding. 720 00:44:55,984 --> 00:44:59,947 The challenges we're facing is maintaining a steady supply of the vaccine. 721 00:45:01,407 --> 00:45:02,783 Somebody has to pay for it, 722 00:45:02,866 --> 00:45:07,996 and there is no money in any budget, really, to provide that. 723 00:45:08,080 --> 00:45:12,209 I personally don't think a county should be responsible for this. 724 00:45:12,292 --> 00:45:14,712 This should be a federal government response. 725 00:45:15,462 --> 00:45:19,758 We are getting somewhere between 50 and 80 people a day. 726 00:45:19,842 --> 00:45:22,594 There have been a couple of days where they had up to 100. 727 00:45:24,555 --> 00:45:27,182 When it was clear that the vaccine was running low 728 00:45:27,266 --> 00:45:28,642 over the last few days, 729 00:45:28,726 --> 00:45:31,937 we've really been prioritizing just children and pregnant women. 730 00:45:32,020 --> 00:45:35,816 We haven't been able to give it to adults. 731 00:45:35,899 --> 00:45:39,778 And I feel bad turning people away, 'cause they come wanting it. 732 00:45:39,862 --> 00:45:43,490 They say, "But I'm leaving tomorrow. Can't you give it to me?" 733 00:45:43,574 --> 00:45:46,493 And we say, "This is what we have. We have ten doses left." 734 00:45:47,286 --> 00:45:49,872 - Okay. - You know this guy? 735 00:45:49,955 --> 00:45:50,955 Okay. 736 00:45:54,042 --> 00:45:55,335 Okay. 737 00:46:03,051 --> 00:46:05,471 So I think we only have, um... 738 00:46:06,388 --> 00:46:09,516 five or six doses left of the vaccine, 739 00:46:09,600 --> 00:46:12,561 and obviously we won't get any tomorrow, it's Sunday. 740 00:46:12,644 --> 00:46:14,646 Who knows about next week? 741 00:46:14,730 --> 00:46:16,732 - Yeah. - So we're probably gonna be out. 742 00:46:16,815 --> 00:46:20,068 They do understand that this flu season is now, and it's kind of... 743 00:46:20,152 --> 00:46:21,152 - Yes. - This is the time. 744 00:46:21,195 --> 00:46:22,780 That's crazy, okay. 745 00:46:23,655 --> 00:46:25,866 Unless we get something on Monday, 746 00:46:25,949 --> 00:46:28,869 we won't be able to give people the vaccine. 747 00:47:02,528 --> 00:47:05,823 My family owns a bed and breakfast in Guatemala, 748 00:47:05,906 --> 00:47:10,869 and because we had a little piece of extra property away from the bungalows, 749 00:47:12,162 --> 00:47:15,916 we were able to use that to build an animal facility to test the vaccine. 750 00:47:16,917 --> 00:47:20,087 What an old hotel! 751 00:47:20,170 --> 00:47:21,940 - How's it going? - How you doing? 752 00:47:21,964 --> 00:47:25,175 - It's good to see you, man. - Hey, a long ride, huh? 753 00:47:25,259 --> 00:47:26,861 They're paving both sides of the road at once. 754 00:47:26,885 --> 00:47:28,178 That's smart. 755 00:47:28,262 --> 00:47:29,930 We had to retreat an hour and a half... 756 00:47:30,013 --> 00:47:31,973 It took a special engineer to figure that one out. 757 00:47:32,224 --> 00:47:33,725 - Hola. - Hey, hey, what's up? 758 00:47:34,393 --> 00:47:35,578 How are you? 759 00:47:35,602 --> 00:47:37,312 I'm fine, thank you. 760 00:47:39,481 --> 00:47:42,025 - What's up? - Hey, man, how are you? 761 00:47:42,109 --> 00:47:44,111 - All good, all good. - Good? 762 00:47:44,194 --> 00:47:45,922 I love coming back to Guatemala. 763 00:47:45,946 --> 00:47:47,573 It will always feel like home to me. 764 00:47:47,656 --> 00:47:50,367 But it also feels, every time I come back, 765 00:47:50,450 --> 00:47:53,537 like I'm one step closer to achieving our vaccine goals. 766 00:47:54,580 --> 00:47:56,290 - Ooh, fresh paint. - Nice. 767 00:47:56,874 --> 00:47:58,792 - Looks really good. - Yeah. 768 00:48:03,463 --> 00:48:05,424 They are so freaking cute. 769 00:48:17,102 --> 00:48:18,302 They look really good. 770 00:48:18,353 --> 00:48:19,581 - They look healthy. - Yeah. 771 00:48:19,605 --> 00:48:20,605 Hi. 772 00:48:22,149 --> 00:48:23,065 Hi, piggy. 773 00:48:23,066 --> 00:48:24,526 Oh... 774 00:48:26,320 --> 00:48:27,404 Did a poop. 775 00:48:29,323 --> 00:48:31,658 I remember when I did the first vaccine study. 776 00:48:31,742 --> 00:48:33,493 I was scared the whole time. 777 00:48:35,287 --> 00:48:37,331 Imagine cooking a cake, 778 00:48:37,414 --> 00:48:39,809 where you're gonna spend six months on it and bring all your friends in, 779 00:48:39,833 --> 00:48:42,473 and you don't know if the whole thing's gonna be a mess at the end. 780 00:48:43,253 --> 00:48:46,924 This is really one of our most important experiments yet, 781 00:48:47,007 --> 00:48:51,637 because if we're successful, it'll be a huge step towards human trials. 782 00:48:52,804 --> 00:48:54,490 Who's gonna help us solve influenza? 783 00:48:54,514 --> 00:48:57,476 Who's gonna help us solve influenza? You are. 783 00:48:58,305 --> 00:49:04,648 Support us and become VIP member to remove all ads from OpenSubtitles.org 67301

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