All language subtitles for David Attenborough BBC Dynasties 3of5 25th Nov 2018 1080p (Deep61) [WWRG]

Lions are the very image of majesty.

And indeed, of Africa itself.

Their strength lies in the power
of the pride.

They're a tight-knit family.

Lions have ruled the Savannas
for millennia.

And yet, within the last 20 years or so,

the numbers have fallen by almost half.

Our team has spent two years

following perhaps the most
famous lion family of all.

The Marsh Pride of Kenya's Maasai Mara.

As we join them, the very survival
of this great dynasty is under threat.

Their future depends entirely
on the strength and determination

of one extraordinary leader.

Perhaps the most powerful
in the history of the Marsh Pride.

A lioness known as Charm.

The Maasai Mara.

The pride have always thrived here,

through an alliance between powerful
alpha males to protect the family,

and experienced females
to raise the cubs.

But for the first time
in the pride's history,

this alliance has been shattered.

The family has been abandoned
by all the adult males.

The survival of the pride
now rests upon the shoulders of Charm

and her cousin Siena,

the only remaining adults.

If their young are to reach adulthood,

and the dynasty return
to full strength,

they must now both protect
and feed the whole family.

August.

Following the recent rains,
it's a time of plenty.

The lions are surrounded by Wildebeest
on their annual migration.

A quarter-tonne bull would make
a good meal for all 10 of the pride.

But even though Charm
is an experienced hunter,

most attempts end in failure.

Charm uses her hind legs
to knock the Wildebeest off balance.

The smallest cubs
won't be able to catch food

for themselves for another 12 months.

Their ever-growing appetites mean that

Charm and Siena
have to hunt around the clock.

The females are often
forced to head out alone.

Tonight, it's Siena's turn.

Sunrise.

Siena is seriously injured.

She's too weak to move.

A [one [ion is a!ways at risk of attack
17 y buffalo, hyenas,

even other lion prides.

It's evening.

And Siena hasn't returned to her family.

Now, everything depends on Charm.

As night falls, Charm has no choice
but to head out to hunt,

leaving the vulnerable cubs alone.

She's being trailed.

Hyenas.

They'll attack the lions
if they get a chance

to steal any kill they make.

Charm must work fast
before they find her.

They've tracked her down.

On her own, she couldn't hold them off.

But another of the pride
has been following Charm.

Her three-year-old daughter, Yaya.

The rest of the pride arrive to eat.

Yaya has stepped up
to help defend the pride

and feed her family.

Daughters stay
with their mothers for life,

and may eventually
have cubs of their own.

Yaya is not yet an adult,

but as Charm's eldest daughter,
she's next in line to lead the pride.

Charm also has
a three-year-old son, Tatu.

The beginnings of an impressive mane

are a sign
of his approaching adulthood.

Like every adolescent,

Tatu can't resist the chance
to test his growing strength.

Even against a two-tonne hippo.

But he's not the only young male
in this pride.

His cousin, Red.

Over the last few months,
the two of them

have begun to forge an alliance.

But even together, they're not
really going to worry an angry hippo.

Unlike their sisters,
sons always leave their family

when they reach adulthood.

Their growing bond may enable them
to leave as a powerful partnership.

Eventually, they'll fight other males,

to try and take over
a pride of their own.

But for the time being,

they still need Charm
to look after them.

It's been four days
since Siena was attacked.

She's back on her feet,

but she's in urgent need
of a meal.

She simply doesn't have the strength.

As they mature, young males
begin to explore the boundaries

of the pride's territory.

Red has ventured out alone.

And landed straight into the middle
of the hyena clan.

He's trapped, by over 20 of them.

The pack tries to wear him down.

This number of hyenas could kill him.

It's impossible to fight them
all at once.

He can't keep them at bay
for much longer.

He's tiring fast.

His ally, Tatu,
has heard the commotion.

Now, the odds have changed.

Even for 20 hyenas,

a pair of male lions
is too much to take on.

Red is lucky.

Tatu has saved his cousin'5 life.

After weeks of feeding on scraps,

Siena has grown strong enough

to try and rejoin her family.

She greets Charm first.

Even after being apart
for so long,

the bond between them
is still strong.

Yaya also welcomes Siena
back into the pride.

At last, Charm's family
are back together.

Charm not only has
her hunting partner back,

but another hunter is emerging.

Yaya is becoming a powerful lioness.

She's learned how to stalk.

Stay low.

Approach silently,

and from downwind.

But the key to a successful ambush

is not being noticed.

Now it's seen her, the Wildebeest
with its sharp horns

has the advantage.

But Yaya is learning.

Mother and daughter are starting
to develop their partnership.

It's October.

The great Wildebeest migration
never stops.

And now, they're leaving
the Maasai Mara.

For Charm and her family,

food is about to become
much more difficult to find.

The plains are empty,
and in search of food,

Charm leads the pride
to the edge of their range.

Here she finds another kind of prey.

Cattle, illegally brought into
the lions' territory to graze.

And opportunity to feed
her hungry family.

But hunting cattle
can lead to disaster.

To protect their livestock,

herdsmen sometimes put out
poison bait.

Lions can't tell when a meal is toxic.

A week later, Charm's one-year-old son

is so ill, he can hardly stand.

The whole pride are showing
the signs of poisoning.

And Siena is missing once again.

As the temperature climbs,
the pride heads off to find shade.

But the struggling cub
is too weak to follow.

Charm needs to stay
with the rest of the pride.

Hours later, the cub
still hasn't caught up with his mother.

And there's no sign
of Siena either.

The next day, Charm returns
to her son's side.

He's still very unsteady.

But his mother can't abandon
the rest of the pride.

For the sake of the pride,

Charm abandons her young cub.

The others are waiting for her.

They need her now, more than ever.

She will never see her son,
or Siena, alive again.

Despite her losses,

there may still be a future for Charm
and her dynasty.

Her eldest cubs, Yaya and Tatu,
have survived the poisoning.

Charm keeps the pride moving
in a constant search for prey.

Catching enough food is hard,

even with Yaya's help.

But Charm is relentless.

The younger members of the pride
try to follow her example.

Even with little to hunt,

and the constant harassment of hyenas,

Charm's skill and experience
as a leader

is keeping the pride alive.

A few weeks later,
her efforts begin to be rewarded.

Tatu and Red are now
over four years old,

ready to take the final step
to adulthood.

It's time for them to leave the pride.

For Charm, this is success.

They head out as a partnership

to battle other males,

to win a pride of their own,

and continue
the family's bloodline elsewhere.

But Charm still needs to get
the remaining four female cubs

safely to adulthood.

One early morning in May,

the roar of adult male lions.

Two new males, outsiders,

are searching for a pride
to take over as their own.

New males could bring the possibility
of a new generation of cubs.

But they could, just as easily,

bring disaster.

Soon, the new males begin to impose
their authority on the Marsh Pride.

Charm's youngest daughter
is still too young to breed.

To the males, she's nothing more

than another mouth to share food with.

They don't want her in their pride.

Try as she might,
Charm struggles to defend her daughter.

Even she is no match for an adult male.

Charm tries distracting them,

putting herself
between them and her cub.

But it's no good.

If her daughter stays,
the males will eventually kill her.

The cub has no choice but to leave.

And the males don't stop there.

Every young cub is driven out.

Their future is uncertain.

There's nothing Charm can do.

Eight months ago,
Charm's pride numbered ten lions.

Of them, only she and Yaya now remain.

The return of the Wildebeest signals
the end, at last, of the hard times.

Time for a new beginning.

Charm is starting the process
of rebuilding the Marsh Pride.

She and one of the males have separated
themselves from the rest of the group.

Females are only able to conceive
once every few months.

For those crucial days,
the male won't leave her side.

Charm stays close to him
to strengthen their band.

If the male isn't certain
any future cubs are his,

he will probably kill them.

Four months later.

Charm is alone, away from the pride.

Over the last 14 months,

her dynasty has faced ruin.

But now, there is new hope.

just two weeks old,

Charm gave birth away from the others.

Inquisitive and clumsy lions
could be a threat to the newborns.

But her two cubs are still
extremely vulnerable.

Buffalo seek out lion cubs

and will kill them
if they get the chance.

She shields them with her body.

Without her to protect them,
the buffalo will trample them to death.

Charm has forced the entire herd
to back down.

Life is always dangerous for lion cubs.

But these two have an experienced mother
to look after them.

At last, Charm's pride
is increasing again.

One male and one female.

And these cubs may soon
be joined by more.

Yaya has paired off
with the other adult male.

Soon, she too, will have cubs,

Charm's grandchildren.

Charm is taking her cubs to meet
the rest of the Marsh Pride

for the first time.

Once their father has accepted the cubs,

he'll defend them
as fiercely as their mother.

They are the future of his dynasty, too.

Charm has been away from the pride
since giving birth,

and hasn't seen Yaya for weeks.

Their bond has held,
through perhaps the hardest times

in the pride's history.

With her daughter pregnant and her son
looking for a pride of his own,

Charm's dynasty,
and the Marsh Pride, will live on.

This extraordinary lioness
has succeeded.

To follow the story
of Charm and her family,

the Dynasties team travelled
to the Maasai Mara,

one of these big cats'
last strongholds.

The crew's aim is to immerse themselves

in the lives
of these powerful predators,

following them closely
for over 400 days.

But first
they need to master the tricky task

of identifying each individual lion.

Every lion has its own unique set
of whisker spots.

And put that together with coat colour,

ear notches, nose colour,
you can pretty much

identify that lion.

It would be really great
if we could stick moustaches on them

and glasses and hats,

'cause that would make it a lot easier
for everybody to understand

who they were.

After weeks of following
the family for 12 hours a day,

they're getting to know the lions.

And the lions, it seems,
are getting to know them too.

He's...

It was the closest I've ever been.

- She had her chin over the door.
- Hmm.

I mean,
my feet are within two feet of her.

She's big when she's that close.

Before long, it becomes clear that each lion

has its own particular character.

On a long project
like this, there's a real luxury.

And the luxury is,
you get to know the individuals.

They are different to each other.

Some sit and follow, others watch,
some are into everything.

Some are funny,
some are really stupid in a way.

I mean, you can see the rest
of the pride kind of rolling their eyes,

as yet another male
comes in and blows another hunt.

You begin to care for them,
you can't help it.

Charm, she is what a lion should be.

She's a provider, she's a mother.

She look after cubs that aren't her own.

She's the matriarch,
she's the dame.

The crew's attachment to the lions

is what makes what happens next
so hard to deal with.

Poisoning is one of the biggest threats
lions face across Africa today.

It becomes very close to home

when it's animals
that you know so well...

The individuals,
we know them very well now.

It's much more...

You feel it much more.

Soon after the pride leave him,

emergency wildlife vets arrive
to try and save Charm's youngest son.

But the poison has no simple antidote.

The vets try to ease the symptoms.

All they and the crew can do now
is wait in the hope he can recover,

and return to the pride.

Eventually, it becomes clear

nothing more can be done for him.

This animal is in a very bad condition,
critical condition.

And we think it's not going to make.

Across Africa, the need
for teams like these is on the rise,

treating wildlife after encounters
with man.

It's just entirely wrong, isn't it?
Lions are so endangered.

There are hardly any of them, really,

this is one of the best places
in the world.

They're disappearing so quickly,
and then, this happens to them.

Because of pressure on the land,
of people.

Conflict between humans and lions

is increasing throughout the continent.

Dr. Shivani Bhalla
is a Kenyan conservationist

who has been working with lions
and local communities

for over a decade.

So many people are surprised to hear
that there's only about 20,000 lions

left in Africa, there's less than
2,000 lions left in Kenya.

They're disappearing so quickly.

Lions don't have enough food
and they don't have enough space,

but communities also don't have enough
grazing for their livestock.

They also don't have enough space.

We've got to try and understand
both sides of the picture.

Coexistence between people and lions
is possible.

Our strategy has been working
with warriors, women, children,

to really bring them on board,
and engage them in lion conservation,

because they're the ones herding
livestock every day.

They are the one coming into contact
with wildlife every day.

Community programs have shown that [ions
can actually recover in areas where

they used to be once,
but then their numbers declined

because they were being killed.

And Sophie and John

witness that power of recovery
first hand, here with Charm.

Oh, wow.

Well, that's that,
I think, today's the day.

She's gone in there now
to have her cubs,

which is quite exciting, really.

We're kind of living it with her,
really, aren't we?

It's about sharing that experience,
that's the whole point,

that's why we're making the film.

Over a year ago, the team set out to find a lion

and to tell its story.

And here we are, over a year later,

and just there,

where the camera's pointing

we've got Charm and two little cubs.

She's had such a hard, hard year.

I don't think any of us could have

predicted a happier, better way.
She's the most amazing lion.

She's just incredible, and...

It's the perfect ending, really.

Lions are incredibly resilient.

Given space, enough food,

and security, they can bounce back.

The challenges facing
lion conservationists are formidable.

Indeed, unbelievable though
as it may sound,

there is a real possibility
that before long,

lions in the wild
could disappear entirely.

But if conservationists and the people
who have to live alongside

these great beasts of prey
can work together,

there is still a chance to save them.

Next time, one of the last great families

of painted wolves.

An intense rivalry.

Mother against daughter.

Each striving to rule.
Who will triumph?

And can they bring peace to these lands?