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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,520 --> 00:00:04,040 BBC Four Collections, 2 00:00:04,040 --> 00:00:07,440 specially chosen programmes from the BBC archive. 3 00:00:07,440 --> 00:00:09,520 For this collection, Sir David Attenborough 4 00:00:09,520 --> 00:00:13,040 has chosen documentaries from the start of his career. 5 00:00:13,040 --> 00:00:14,520 More programmes on this theme 6 00:00:14,520 --> 00:00:18,280 and other BBC Four Collections are available on BBC iPlayer. 7 00:00:56,680 --> 00:00:59,840 DIDGERIDOO PLAYS 8 00:00:59,840 --> 00:01:04,600 PERCUSSIVE STICKS 9 00:01:04,600 --> 00:01:07,760 ABORIGINAL SINGING 10 00:01:25,200 --> 00:01:27,680 If you like the wide open spaces, 11 00:01:27,680 --> 00:01:30,840 if you want to get away from it all, well, this is the place to be - 12 00:01:30,840 --> 00:01:33,440 in the middle of the Northern Territory of Australia. 13 00:01:33,440 --> 00:01:36,240 This highway here - the bitumen, as they call it - 14 00:01:36,240 --> 00:01:41,080 links Alice Springs in the centre of Australia 600 miles that way 15 00:01:41,080 --> 00:01:45,560 with Darwin on the north coast, which is 400 miles that way. 16 00:01:45,560 --> 00:01:48,880 And in the entire 1,000 miles of highway, 17 00:01:48,880 --> 00:01:52,440 which is longer than the length of the entire British Isles, 18 00:01:52,440 --> 00:01:55,040 there are perhaps three or four settlements 19 00:01:55,040 --> 00:01:58,280 that can compare in size with a large English village. 20 00:01:58,280 --> 00:02:00,240 In-between, a few hamlets 21 00:02:00,240 --> 00:02:05,480 consisting of no more than a petrol pump, a store and a place to sleep. 22 00:02:05,480 --> 00:02:08,760 That's lonely enough, but if you REALLY want to be lonely 23 00:02:08,760 --> 00:02:11,800 then turn off the bitumen, down a road like this. 24 00:02:11,800 --> 00:02:16,880 Down here, you travel for 250 miles and you see nothing. 25 00:02:16,880 --> 00:02:21,680 No settlement, no store, no house, no human being, 26 00:02:21,680 --> 00:02:23,720 not even a source of fresh water. 27 00:02:23,720 --> 00:02:26,640 If you break down, you don't go and walk for help 28 00:02:26,640 --> 00:02:29,880 because there's nowhere to walk to and you would die of thirst. 29 00:02:29,880 --> 00:02:34,040 No, you just settle down beside your car and prepare for a long wait 30 00:02:34,040 --> 00:02:36,440 until a car may come by, perhaps a week, 31 00:02:36,440 --> 00:02:39,360 and you prepare too to drink the water of your radiator. 32 00:02:42,840 --> 00:02:45,680 We set off down this road a fortnight ago 33 00:02:45,680 --> 00:02:48,640 and we took with us an extra five gallons of oil, 34 00:02:48,640 --> 00:02:54,080 20 gallons of petrol, 25 gallons of water and food for a week. 35 00:02:54,080 --> 00:02:56,160 The road is flat and straight. 36 00:02:56,160 --> 00:02:57,640 You can drive for 20 miles 37 00:02:57,640 --> 00:03:00,720 without having to move the wheel more than a few inches. 38 00:03:00,720 --> 00:03:03,040 The worst hazard is dust. 39 00:03:08,760 --> 00:03:12,920 A fine talc-like powder lies over the road in drifts so deep 40 00:03:12,920 --> 00:03:17,080 that it conceals boulders and potholes big enough to break an axle. 41 00:03:17,080 --> 00:03:21,120 It swirls behind you and filters into the car, covering everything. 42 00:03:21,120 --> 00:03:24,760 It sticks in your hair and clogs your eyes and your mouth. 43 00:03:24,760 --> 00:03:27,680 It was unpleasant, but not as unpleasant as the thought 44 00:03:27,680 --> 00:03:30,360 that if the car broke down and we couldn't repair it, 45 00:03:30,360 --> 00:03:32,840 we would be marooned in this wilderness for days 46 00:03:32,840 --> 00:03:36,440 and maybe weeks until a passing car could take a message for help. 47 00:03:38,040 --> 00:03:43,160 After 250 miles of emptiness, this was the first building we saw. 48 00:03:43,160 --> 00:03:45,600 This is Borroloola Hotel. 49 00:03:51,760 --> 00:03:54,440 HARSH BIRD CALL 50 00:04:05,320 --> 00:04:09,600 Once, there was enough room here for 20 guests. 51 00:04:09,600 --> 00:04:13,520 Perhaps the accommodation, even at its best, was never very comfortable. 52 00:04:13,520 --> 00:04:16,120 But at least they would have got shade from the sun 53 00:04:16,120 --> 00:04:18,560 and shelter from the dust storms. 54 00:04:18,560 --> 00:04:21,720 A horseman reaching Borroloola might have travelled for days 55 00:04:21,720 --> 00:04:24,880 with little to moisten his mouth but tepid water from a water hole 56 00:04:24,880 --> 00:04:26,200 green with scum. 57 00:04:26,200 --> 00:04:29,040 Here, he could've got a decent drink. 58 00:04:30,640 --> 00:04:33,800 Here, once, he would have found company 59 00:04:33,800 --> 00:04:37,720 after days without seeing another human face. 60 00:04:37,720 --> 00:04:43,960 Now the only sound is the wind creaking in the corrugated iron roof. 61 00:04:43,960 --> 00:04:48,160 A wind that has already blown down much of the place. 62 00:04:48,160 --> 00:04:51,160 From the look of it, another gale will be sufficient 63 00:04:51,160 --> 00:04:53,760 to demolish the whole rickety construction. 64 00:04:55,440 --> 00:04:59,360 50 years ago, Borroloola was quite a large settlement. 65 00:04:59,360 --> 00:05:01,800 A base from which prospectors and cattlemen 66 00:05:01,800 --> 00:05:05,120 set off into the largely unexplored Northern Territory. 67 00:05:05,120 --> 00:05:07,680 It stood on the banks of the McArthur River, 68 00:05:07,680 --> 00:05:09,960 up which sailed ships laden with stores 69 00:05:09,960 --> 00:05:13,720 having made the thousand-mile voyage round the coast from Darwin. 70 00:05:16,440 --> 00:05:18,680 Pioneering cattlemen bringing up herds 71 00:05:18,680 --> 00:05:22,400 to establish new stations in the territory came through Borroloola 72 00:05:22,400 --> 00:05:25,880 because there was good fresh water by the river. 73 00:05:25,880 --> 00:05:29,880 Here, the drovers stopped and drank the hotel dry. 74 00:05:29,880 --> 00:05:32,280 If there was a white flag flying above the pub 75 00:05:32,280 --> 00:05:33,880 then all the drinks were free, 76 00:05:33,880 --> 00:05:36,960 for it meant that one of Borroloola's citizens had become a father. 77 00:05:36,960 --> 00:05:40,360 At the turn of the century, Borroloola had two hotels, 78 00:05:40,360 --> 00:05:44,720 five stores and a permanent population of over 50 Europeans. 79 00:05:44,720 --> 00:05:49,280 Even more remarkable, there was a library here of nearly 3,000 books. 80 00:05:49,280 --> 00:05:52,840 The government sent up surveyors to lay out squares and terraces, 81 00:05:52,840 --> 00:05:55,240 and divide the desert into building plots. 82 00:05:55,240 --> 00:05:59,520 Borroloola seemed certain to grow into a big and prosperous town. 83 00:05:59,520 --> 00:06:04,080 But somehow, for some reason, it never happened. 84 00:06:04,080 --> 00:06:07,600 Out in the desert, boreholes were drilled for water 85 00:06:07,600 --> 00:06:09,600 and it was no longer essential 86 00:06:09,600 --> 00:06:12,480 for the cattle to come by way of Borroloola. 87 00:06:12,480 --> 00:06:15,160 New roads were driven through the parched bush 88 00:06:15,160 --> 00:06:18,280 and traffic up the river dwindled. 89 00:06:18,280 --> 00:06:22,800 The ox wagons, waiting at Borroloola to take the ships' cargoes 90 00:06:22,800 --> 00:06:26,440 and haul them out to the cattle stations, waited in vain. 91 00:06:26,440 --> 00:06:28,080 One by one, they rotted 92 00:06:28,080 --> 00:06:32,480 until nothing remained of them but the iron hoops of their wheels. 93 00:06:34,280 --> 00:06:36,080 In the 1920s and '30s, 94 00:06:36,080 --> 00:06:39,200 a few cars came roaring and rattling across the desert, 95 00:06:39,200 --> 00:06:41,680 driven by enterprising prospectors. 96 00:06:41,680 --> 00:06:44,640 Some managed to return to civilisation, 97 00:06:44,640 --> 00:06:47,840 but others coughed their way as far as Borroloola 98 00:06:47,840 --> 00:06:50,320 and then stopped for good. 99 00:06:50,320 --> 00:06:53,600 There was no-one here to tackle a major repair. 100 00:06:53,600 --> 00:06:57,640 Already, business at the hotel had shrivelled to almost nothing. 101 00:06:59,000 --> 00:07:03,400 White ants chewed their way through the entire library. 102 00:07:03,400 --> 00:07:05,080 Only one volume survives. 103 00:07:05,080 --> 00:07:10,200 The Imitation Of Christ by Thomas Akempis. 104 00:07:10,200 --> 00:07:12,640 Its title page is still easily legible. 105 00:07:12,640 --> 00:07:17,960 But, inside, the termites have eaten most of the holy man's words. 106 00:07:19,720 --> 00:07:23,800 Although gold had been found close by, the claim petered out 107 00:07:23,800 --> 00:07:27,440 and the machinery, brought in with enormous labour to sort the ore, 108 00:07:27,440 --> 00:07:30,160 was abandoned to rust. 109 00:07:30,160 --> 00:07:33,800 Up in the hot hills, the last of the full-time prospectors 110 00:07:33,800 --> 00:07:37,680 sitting alone, shot himself. 111 00:07:37,680 --> 00:07:42,400 Life ebbed away from Borroloola. But it never entirely left it. 112 00:07:42,400 --> 00:07:46,720 For some, the town was more attractive as a dead shell 113 00:07:46,720 --> 00:07:49,440 than it would have been had it grown and flourished. 114 00:07:49,440 --> 00:07:52,160 The last keeper of the hotel never left it. 115 00:07:52,160 --> 00:07:55,720 He's an Irishman and his name is Jack Mulholland. 116 00:07:57,080 --> 00:08:00,040 Jack, what brought you first to Borroloola? 117 00:08:00,040 --> 00:08:03,440 I heard it was a good place, nice country. 118 00:08:03,440 --> 00:08:09,040 Plenty of water holes and springs and ducks and geese... Nice climate. 119 00:08:09,040 --> 00:08:11,560 And did you settle down in the place then? 120 00:08:11,560 --> 00:08:15,800 No, no. I stopped one night here, joined the library up here 121 00:08:15,800 --> 00:08:18,480 and put in about three or four months' reading. 122 00:08:18,480 --> 00:08:20,000 Did you? What did you read? 123 00:08:20,000 --> 00:08:23,240 All those books in the lib... Not them all, but quite a few of them. 124 00:08:23,240 --> 00:08:25,360 - What sort of thing? - Oh, well, 125 00:08:25,360 --> 00:08:29,760 it had almost a complete set of WW Jacobs, and I like Jacobs. 126 00:08:29,760 --> 00:08:32,600 - Oh, yeah? - And I read all those. 127 00:08:32,600 --> 00:08:34,120 What else? 128 00:08:34,120 --> 00:08:36,800 And also various other books. I've forgotten them now. 129 00:08:36,800 --> 00:08:38,440 I remember reading one medical book. 130 00:08:38,440 --> 00:08:40,600 - Did you? - After I'd read the medical book, 131 00:08:40,600 --> 00:08:42,920 I reckoned I suffered with every disease known to man. 132 00:08:42,920 --> 00:08:44,760 HE LAUGHS 133 00:08:44,760 --> 00:08:47,840 I liked the place while I was here. 134 00:08:47,840 --> 00:08:52,800 Then I had this offer to manage this public house here, which I did. 135 00:08:52,800 --> 00:08:54,800 I took it up and came over this way. 136 00:08:54,800 --> 00:08:57,280 Was that a full-time job? 137 00:08:57,280 --> 00:08:59,040 Well, yes. You had to be here all the time. 138 00:08:59,040 --> 00:09:02,440 - Yeah. I mean, was it a busy job? - Definitely no, no. No. 139 00:09:02,440 --> 00:09:05,200 You got plenty of time to sleep, plenty of time to read, 140 00:09:05,200 --> 00:09:07,160 plenty of time to eat. 141 00:09:07,160 --> 00:09:10,240 How many guests do you reckon you would get at any one time? 142 00:09:12,120 --> 00:09:15,720 At one time, oh, never more than one, and I don't think there'd be more 143 00:09:15,720 --> 00:09:21,360 than about four or five all the time I've been here while it was a hotel. 144 00:09:21,360 --> 00:09:23,240 What? Do you mean at any one time? 145 00:09:23,240 --> 00:09:25,400 Or four or five guests at all? 146 00:09:25,400 --> 00:09:27,360 - At all. - What, total? 147 00:09:27,360 --> 00:09:29,720 - Total. - No wonder it closed. 148 00:09:29,720 --> 00:09:32,600 Jack, what do you reckon keeps a man in this country? 149 00:09:32,600 --> 00:09:35,200 It must be a pretty lonely sort of life. 150 00:09:35,200 --> 00:09:38,000 Oh, no. That all depends. 151 00:09:39,080 --> 00:09:41,800 I've never been lonely in my life. 152 00:09:41,800 --> 00:09:44,600 There's always been so much in life, 153 00:09:44,600 --> 00:09:47,040 I could never honestly say I was lonely. 154 00:09:47,040 --> 00:09:50,400 I've lived for years on my own in the desert, 155 00:09:50,400 --> 00:09:54,560 haven't seen anyone for months, but I've never been lonely. 156 00:09:54,560 --> 00:09:58,960 The trees are company and the birds and all the rest of it. 157 00:09:58,960 --> 00:10:01,520 You've made a lot of sacrifices to live here. 158 00:10:01,520 --> 00:10:04,480 Which one would you like to take back, as it were? 159 00:10:07,120 --> 00:10:13,360 Well, I can't honestly think of any sacrifice that I regret...making. 160 00:10:13,360 --> 00:10:14,600 Hmm. 161 00:10:16,160 --> 00:10:18,080 No, I honestly can't think... 162 00:10:18,080 --> 00:10:20,800 You must miss... You must miss people? 163 00:10:20,800 --> 00:10:22,600 Oh, no, no. I don't miss people. 164 00:10:24,360 --> 00:10:26,160 Oh, no. 165 00:10:26,160 --> 00:10:30,760 Or the company of drinking companions or beautiful women? 166 00:10:30,760 --> 00:10:33,040 No, I don't miss beautiful women. 167 00:10:33,040 --> 00:10:35,920 Women never made much impression on me. 168 00:10:37,560 --> 00:10:39,440 - No? - No. 169 00:10:39,440 --> 00:10:40,880 What's wrong with them? 170 00:10:40,880 --> 00:10:44,040 Oh, I consider they're very deceitful, they're liars 171 00:10:44,040 --> 00:10:46,880 and they're totally without principle whatsoever. 172 00:10:46,880 --> 00:10:48,760 But they're lovely to look at. 173 00:10:48,760 --> 00:10:50,600 I admire them and I like looking at them. 174 00:10:50,600 --> 00:10:53,000 It sounds as though you might have come out here 175 00:10:53,000 --> 00:10:54,360 for the classical reason 176 00:10:54,360 --> 00:10:57,240 of an unhappy encounter with a beautiful woman, Jack. 177 00:10:57,240 --> 00:10:59,520 Oh, no. No. Definitely no. 178 00:10:59,520 --> 00:11:01,160 You just never had any use for them? 179 00:11:02,560 --> 00:11:05,240 Oh, I wouldn't say I wouldn't have any use for them. 180 00:11:05,240 --> 00:11:08,120 Oh, no. I like them...very much. 181 00:11:08,120 --> 00:11:11,760 But, er, as far as... 182 00:11:11,760 --> 00:11:16,880 as, er, devoting my life to any particular woman, 183 00:11:16,880 --> 00:11:18,480 no, definitely no. 184 00:11:18,480 --> 00:11:21,320 Jack, how do you fill your days? 185 00:11:21,320 --> 00:11:23,960 Well, most of the time I'm in the bush. 186 00:11:25,400 --> 00:11:27,560 Got an old truck there, 187 00:11:27,560 --> 00:11:31,800 I make periodic visits out into the scrub, prospecting and... 188 00:11:31,800 --> 00:11:34,560 Prospecting? What are you looking for? 189 00:11:34,560 --> 00:11:38,040 Well, I'm supposed to be looking for copper or gold, silver and lead, 190 00:11:38,040 --> 00:11:42,880 something like that, but I'm looking for contentment mostly. 191 00:11:42,880 --> 00:11:45,320 - For contentment? - Yeah. 192 00:11:45,320 --> 00:11:47,360 Of course, the prospector wouldn't admit that. 193 00:11:47,360 --> 00:11:51,920 But most of them are doing just that very thing, looking for contentment. 194 00:11:53,200 --> 00:11:56,000 - Do they find it? - I think they do. 195 00:11:56,000 --> 00:11:58,480 - Do you find it? - I find it, yes. 196 00:11:59,520 --> 00:12:02,960 I'm still the same as I was when I was 25, 197 00:12:02,960 --> 00:12:04,880 I like to see what's over the next hill. 198 00:12:04,880 --> 00:12:09,720 Yeah. And that's a reward for life in itself? 199 00:12:09,720 --> 00:12:12,280 - I consider it is, yes. - Yes. 200 00:12:12,280 --> 00:12:15,720 Have you ever found any diamonds or gold or...? 201 00:12:15,720 --> 00:12:17,480 Oh, yes. I've found a little bit. 202 00:12:17,480 --> 00:12:20,280 I've found a little bit of opal, a little bit of gold. 203 00:12:20,280 --> 00:12:22,320 I've found copper. 204 00:12:22,320 --> 00:12:24,560 Have you ever exploited it? 205 00:12:24,560 --> 00:12:29,840 No. I've sent samples away, parcels away, but never did any good. 206 00:12:29,840 --> 00:12:32,360 Which is typical of most prospectors. 207 00:12:32,360 --> 00:12:34,000 DAVID LAUGHS 208 00:12:34,000 --> 00:12:36,200 Well, isn't that pretty disappointing? 209 00:12:36,200 --> 00:12:39,880 Oh, no. No, it would break a man's heart if he DID discover anything. 210 00:12:39,880 --> 00:12:43,640 What would there be to live for? Nothing. 211 00:12:43,640 --> 00:12:46,040 - Truly? - Well, there's nothing in life. 212 00:12:46,040 --> 00:12:49,160 If you've a lot of money, what good's money to you? 213 00:12:49,160 --> 00:12:51,360 Well, it can make life comfortable, easy. 214 00:12:51,360 --> 00:12:53,600 Yes, well, what are you going to do, drink it? 215 00:12:53,600 --> 00:12:56,080 Give it away to women, something like that? 216 00:12:56,080 --> 00:13:01,080 Buy a few motorcars? A yacht or two? Something like that? 217 00:13:01,080 --> 00:13:03,320 No. I can see nothing in that. 218 00:13:03,320 --> 00:13:05,480 You must have a need for SOME money? 219 00:13:05,480 --> 00:13:07,360 - What do you do? - Yes, you have to. 220 00:13:07,360 --> 00:13:10,240 This life makes it necessary to have a few pound. 221 00:13:11,440 --> 00:13:13,960 Well, I, er, get it where I can. 222 00:13:15,280 --> 00:13:19,400 Scalping dogs and crocodile hides and... 223 00:13:19,400 --> 00:13:20,760 DAVID LAUGHS 224 00:13:20,760 --> 00:13:26,320 But...that way you get enough pounds to sort of buy, what, flour? 225 00:13:26,320 --> 00:13:28,280 Flour and tobacco is the main things. 226 00:13:28,280 --> 00:13:30,880 Flour, tea, sugar, tobacco - that's the main things. 227 00:13:30,880 --> 00:13:32,320 Ammunition, of course. 228 00:13:33,520 --> 00:13:35,640 You don't work over-hard at it? 229 00:13:35,640 --> 00:13:41,600 Oh, you work... I work MORE the way I'm living now, I work harder 230 00:13:41,600 --> 00:13:45,560 than the present day fella in this country works 231 00:13:45,560 --> 00:13:47,280 to get his £25 and £30 a week. 232 00:13:49,240 --> 00:13:50,640 You spend a fair amount of time 233 00:13:50,640 --> 00:13:52,480 sitting and thinking, don't you, Jack? 234 00:13:52,480 --> 00:13:54,720 Oh, I do a lot of thinking at times, 235 00:13:54,720 --> 00:14:01,240 but when you've got to walk 20 miles a day prospecting, that's work. 236 00:14:01,240 --> 00:14:04,080 Would you describe yourself as a happy, contented man? 237 00:14:04,080 --> 00:14:05,200 I should say so. 238 00:14:05,200 --> 00:14:08,240 - The gods have been very good to me. - Yeah. 239 00:14:08,240 --> 00:14:10,760 I consider myself a remarkable fella. 240 00:14:10,760 --> 00:14:12,280 Why remarkable? 241 00:14:12,280 --> 00:14:15,040 Well, I'm reasonably happy and contented. 242 00:14:15,040 --> 00:14:16,880 Yeah? 243 00:14:16,880 --> 00:14:18,640 Well, there are not many people 244 00:14:18,640 --> 00:14:21,120 who can sit down and say that they're happy and contented. 245 00:14:21,120 --> 00:14:24,120 Oh, yes, well, of course, there's a screw loose somewhere. 246 00:14:24,120 --> 00:14:26,080 - Yeah. - Definitely a screw loose. 247 00:14:27,600 --> 00:14:31,280 'Jack's old truck is a 1928 model. 248 00:14:31,280 --> 00:14:32,680 'When we first saw it, 249 00:14:32,680 --> 00:14:36,480 'there was a large nest of white ants in the middle of the engine, 250 00:14:36,480 --> 00:14:39,000 'but Jack assured us that it was only a moment's work 251 00:14:39,000 --> 00:14:41,360 'to get it into running order. 252 00:14:41,360 --> 00:14:44,840 'It had no electric starter, nor even a crank handle, 253 00:14:44,840 --> 00:14:47,480 'but Jack had his own method of starting it. 254 00:14:47,480 --> 00:14:50,920 'The rear axle has been jacked up and the engine is in gear. 255 00:14:53,240 --> 00:14:56,800 'To have suggested to Jack that it might not go 256 00:14:56,800 --> 00:15:00,400 'would have been extremely tactless and have offended him deeply. 257 00:15:00,400 --> 00:15:02,200 'But I must admit I had my doubts.' 258 00:15:02,200 --> 00:15:04,640 - Nearly. - Nearly, but not quite. 259 00:15:10,040 --> 00:15:13,040 ENGINE SPLUTTERS 260 00:15:16,880 --> 00:15:19,600 ENGINE ROARS 261 00:15:38,360 --> 00:15:42,200 Jack rather prides himself on making his own roads. 262 00:15:42,200 --> 00:15:44,800 And when the engine is going sweetly, 263 00:15:44,800 --> 00:15:46,720 he never misses an opportunity 264 00:15:46,720 --> 00:15:50,200 of knocking down a few trees to improve one of his tracks. 265 00:16:05,040 --> 00:16:07,960 CLUNKING 266 00:16:12,680 --> 00:16:16,960 People in the territory say that Jack and his like are mad. 267 00:16:16,960 --> 00:16:19,960 They call them hatters or no-hopers. 268 00:16:19,960 --> 00:16:22,520 But he's not the only one in Borroloola. 269 00:16:22,520 --> 00:16:25,880 Two others live around the decaying remains of the town. 270 00:16:25,880 --> 00:16:28,400 One of them has built himself a cabin 271 00:16:28,400 --> 00:16:31,000 some five miles away from Jack's hotel 272 00:16:31,000 --> 00:16:33,000 by the side of a small lagoon. 273 00:16:33,000 --> 00:16:35,360 He's known as the Mad Fiddler. 274 00:16:35,360 --> 00:16:38,520 VIOLIN MUSIC 275 00:16:42,360 --> 00:16:46,280 He sits for weeks on end without leaving his tiny cabin, 276 00:16:46,280 --> 00:16:49,640 playing his violin. He refuses to be photographed. 277 00:16:49,640 --> 00:16:53,360 He's even been known to threaten unexpected visitors with a shotgun. 278 00:16:53,360 --> 00:16:57,400 Every few months, he drives out to a store in an ancient car 279 00:16:57,400 --> 00:17:00,040 to collect flour and tea and tobacco. 280 00:17:00,040 --> 00:17:03,360 But his visits are as short and as infrequent as he can make them. 281 00:17:03,360 --> 00:17:06,520 VIOLIN MUSIC CONTINUES 282 00:17:15,480 --> 00:17:17,640 There's a story in the territory 283 00:17:17,640 --> 00:17:21,360 that he is the titled son of an English aristocratic family. 284 00:17:21,360 --> 00:17:22,840 40 years ago, he told us, 285 00:17:22,840 --> 00:17:26,400 he had been an actor in the theatres of the north of England. 286 00:17:26,400 --> 00:17:29,240 And when I asked him why he had left, he replied, 287 00:17:29,240 --> 00:17:31,880 "I got out of England for England's good." 288 00:17:31,880 --> 00:17:36,200 Now he seeks no company except the birds that haunt his lagoon. 289 00:17:36,200 --> 00:17:39,360 VIOLIN MUSIC CONTINUES 290 00:17:41,440 --> 00:17:45,640 "A man's riches," he said to us, "are the fewness of his wants. 291 00:17:45,640 --> 00:17:49,320 "I find all I want in the country around me." 292 00:17:49,320 --> 00:17:51,480 VIOLIN MUSIC CONTINUES 293 00:17:58,200 --> 00:18:03,960 The last of the hermits of Borroloola is its oldest inhabitant, Roger Jose. 294 00:18:03,960 --> 00:18:05,800 No-one knows how old he is, 295 00:18:05,800 --> 00:18:08,880 and Roger himself has been claiming that he's 68 296 00:18:08,880 --> 00:18:11,120 for at least the last five years. 297 00:18:15,840 --> 00:18:19,640 With him lives Biddy, his wife, 298 00:18:19,640 --> 00:18:23,280 who catches fish for him in the river and cooks his meals. 299 00:18:29,240 --> 00:18:32,240 Every morning, he fetches water and chops wood 300 00:18:32,240 --> 00:18:37,040 so that he can have a fire to keep himself warm during the cold nights. 301 00:18:37,040 --> 00:18:40,440 His hat was made for him to his own design by Biddy 302 00:18:40,440 --> 00:18:44,400 out of the leaves of the pandanus trees that grow nearby. 303 00:18:47,480 --> 00:18:50,520 His house is extremely odd - 304 00:18:50,520 --> 00:18:54,040 a circular construction of corrugated iron with no windows 305 00:18:54,040 --> 00:18:58,240 and only a small opening cut in its side to serve as a door. 306 00:18:58,240 --> 00:19:01,920 It must be suffocatingly hot during the heat of the day, 307 00:19:01,920 --> 00:19:04,720 but then Roger spends most of his time outside, 308 00:19:04,720 --> 00:19:08,160 sitting down by the wall of his extraordinary house, thinking. 309 00:19:10,200 --> 00:19:15,560 Roger, this is a rather curious house. What exactly is it? 310 00:19:15,560 --> 00:19:19,440 It's a tank, a conservation of rainwater. 311 00:19:19,440 --> 00:19:21,400 How many gallons did it hold? 312 00:19:21,400 --> 00:19:23,600 5,000, I think. 313 00:19:23,600 --> 00:19:26,000 Where was this tank originally? 314 00:19:26,000 --> 00:19:28,760 Up there. You can see the base of it now. 315 00:19:28,760 --> 00:19:31,920 - What, by the hotel? - Yeah. Under that mango tree. 316 00:19:31,920 --> 00:19:33,560 What made you shift it? 317 00:19:33,560 --> 00:19:35,960 Well, it was crippled. It got badly crippled. 318 00:19:35,960 --> 00:19:40,600 And it was no longer any use. You can see where it's been patched. 319 00:19:40,600 --> 00:19:43,480 You can see patches stuck onto it in all sorts of cruel manner. 320 00:19:43,480 --> 00:19:45,160 I don't... 321 00:19:46,960 --> 00:19:49,240 And I thought it would make a good dwelling. 322 00:19:50,800 --> 00:19:53,960 So, I got it off and brought it down here. 323 00:19:53,960 --> 00:19:56,560 When did you first come to Borroloola? 324 00:19:56,560 --> 00:20:02,120 About... A little later than this, about this time in the storm time. 325 00:20:02,120 --> 00:20:05,640 - But which year? - 1916. 326 00:20:05,640 --> 00:20:07,520 A long time ago. 327 00:20:07,520 --> 00:20:10,600 46 years, I think. 328 00:20:10,600 --> 00:20:13,080 You're a man who likes solitude, I imagine. 329 00:20:13,080 --> 00:20:15,240 Oh, indeed I do. 330 00:20:15,240 --> 00:20:18,920 I don't know whether it's vanity, I'm very fond of my own company. 331 00:20:18,920 --> 00:20:21,240 - I never feel lonely. - Never? 332 00:20:21,240 --> 00:20:24,520 No. Well, hardly, to be honest. 333 00:20:24,520 --> 00:20:29,040 I've mostly always had a mate, a female, like a... 334 00:20:29,040 --> 00:20:31,960 And prior to that, I lived in civilisation. 335 00:20:31,960 --> 00:20:34,080 I got married about 30. 336 00:20:34,080 --> 00:20:38,640 Well, I hadn't developed this superiority complex, you know. 337 00:20:38,640 --> 00:20:40,280 I found out 338 00:20:40,280 --> 00:20:43,920 I couldn't get any better company than my own by then, you know! 339 00:20:43,920 --> 00:20:46,600 And I'd already learned enough off my fellows, savvy? 340 00:20:46,600 --> 00:20:48,160 Oh, goodness, yes. 341 00:20:48,160 --> 00:20:50,320 So, you came out for the wilderness? 342 00:20:50,320 --> 00:20:55,120 In a sense, but I'm at bay in a sense. 343 00:20:55,120 --> 00:20:59,520 I'm here. This is as far as I can travel! 344 00:20:59,520 --> 00:21:03,120 A lot of people, I suppose, would find this loneliness unendurable, 345 00:21:03,120 --> 00:21:04,800 Roger, for a long period of time. 346 00:21:04,800 --> 00:21:07,840 True enough! Oh, that's obvious. 347 00:21:07,840 --> 00:21:12,600 - Oh. It would overpower some men. - It would overpower them. 348 00:21:12,600 --> 00:21:16,280 It is overpowering, but I doubt it would ever overpower me. 349 00:21:16,280 --> 00:21:21,240 But like I said, I'm not an example of complete loneliness, see? 350 00:21:21,240 --> 00:21:26,440 Old Biddy, although she's primitive and all that, she's company, yes. 351 00:21:26,440 --> 00:21:29,720 And the sort I like - she won't argue the point with me! 352 00:21:29,720 --> 00:21:33,240 And moreover is not a bit interested in what I've got to say! 353 00:21:33,240 --> 00:21:34,880 THEY CHUCKLE 354 00:21:34,880 --> 00:21:37,120 Are you seeking loneliness? 355 00:21:38,160 --> 00:21:42,160 No, not loneliness. I want you to understand, I'm not a bit lonely. 356 00:21:42,160 --> 00:21:44,960 - You're not? - No. Oh, goodness, no. 357 00:21:44,960 --> 00:21:47,960 If you said isolation, well, that would be slightly different. 358 00:21:47,960 --> 00:21:51,080 Yeah, I could say yes, I am fond of isolation. 359 00:21:51,080 --> 00:21:53,960 But I couldn't really talk of loneliness 360 00:21:53,960 --> 00:21:56,160 because I don't know what it is. 361 00:21:56,160 --> 00:21:59,640 But I gather that, for some men, it's overpowering, yes. 362 00:21:59,640 --> 00:22:03,520 Talk to a stump or anything. Well, I suppose I would, in a way. 363 00:22:05,160 --> 00:22:07,240 - In fact... - Do you talk...? 364 00:22:07,240 --> 00:22:09,440 Do you talk to the birds? 365 00:22:09,440 --> 00:22:11,120 Oh, yes, and talk to myself too. 366 00:22:11,120 --> 00:22:13,120 - Do you? - Yes. Quite often. 367 00:22:13,120 --> 00:22:15,720 You get the best answers that way? 368 00:22:15,720 --> 00:22:19,480 Yes, it improves my mental state too, talking to an intelligent man! Yes. 369 00:22:19,480 --> 00:22:22,080 DAVID CHUCKLES Oh, yes. 370 00:22:22,080 --> 00:22:24,560 There was a library here at Borroloola, wasn't there? 371 00:22:24,560 --> 00:22:26,960 What sort of things did you read? 372 00:22:26,960 --> 00:22:32,680 Oh, nearly anything. I'd read the labels on jam tins. Yes, really. 373 00:22:32,680 --> 00:22:35,120 - I'm a good reader once I start. - Yeah. 374 00:22:35,120 --> 00:22:38,400 But it's rather an odd place to have a library at Borroloola, isn't it? 375 00:22:38,400 --> 00:22:39,680 Beg yours? 376 00:22:39,680 --> 00:22:43,040 Borroloola's not the first place you'd think of as having a library. 377 00:22:43,040 --> 00:22:45,520 - Indeed no. - Was it a big library? 378 00:22:45,520 --> 00:22:48,520 Like I told you the other day, there was at least 2,900 books in it. 379 00:22:48,520 --> 00:22:50,600 There may have been more. 380 00:22:50,600 --> 00:22:54,880 I got a job rearranging them once and I distinctly remember 2,900. 381 00:22:54,880 --> 00:22:57,360 Who are your favourite authors, Roger? 382 00:22:57,360 --> 00:22:59,240 First and foremost, I would put Gray. 383 00:22:59,240 --> 00:23:01,560 Thomas Gray? 384 00:23:01,560 --> 00:23:03,600 - Was that his name? - What? Gray's Elegy, you mean? 385 00:23:03,600 --> 00:23:08,080 Yes, well, that'll just tell you how much I know. What was his name? 386 00:23:08,080 --> 00:23:15,600 I mean Gray, the author of Gray's Elegy, or the Lincolnshire poet. 387 00:23:15,600 --> 00:23:18,680 - I forget when he died... - And who else? 388 00:23:18,680 --> 00:23:22,320 Oh, well, I would put him first and foremost. 389 00:23:22,320 --> 00:23:26,400 You must understand I can only read English, like. Yes, that's all. 390 00:23:26,400 --> 00:23:29,120 But I don't want to read anything else, in a way. 391 00:23:29,120 --> 00:23:31,200 I would like to read 392 00:23:31,200 --> 00:23:34,240 anything that was better than Gray's Elegy, I would. 393 00:23:35,360 --> 00:23:38,360 And...and...and Shakespeare, of course. 394 00:23:38,360 --> 00:23:40,960 You sound particularly fond of poetry. 395 00:23:40,960 --> 00:23:42,160 - Me? - Yeah. 396 00:23:42,160 --> 00:23:43,400 Oh, indeed I am. 397 00:23:43,400 --> 00:23:45,000 Have you written much yourself? 398 00:23:45,000 --> 00:23:47,360 Oh, a good bit, but you know what I mean... 399 00:23:49,560 --> 00:23:54,000 Strange to say poetry was never in favour, was it? 400 00:23:54,000 --> 00:23:55,440 People bought it, 401 00:23:55,440 --> 00:23:58,160 but I don't think any poets ever made a fortune out of it. 402 00:23:58,160 --> 00:24:00,520 Can you recite any of your own poetry? 403 00:24:01,560 --> 00:24:05,400 Come to think of it, yes. One is not unconventionally long. Mm-hm. 404 00:24:07,760 --> 00:24:10,960 Strange to say it's got no title! THEY CHUCKLE 405 00:24:10,960 --> 00:24:13,200 But, er, would you like to hear it? 406 00:24:13,200 --> 00:24:14,600 - I would. - Wouldn't bore you? 407 00:24:14,600 --> 00:24:17,240 - No. - Well, I'll tell you about it. 408 00:24:17,240 --> 00:24:21,160 You can get a bit of a sideline on how I came to write such weird poem. 409 00:24:21,160 --> 00:24:25,480 There was one of the old-timers about here called Gaunt, Charlie Gaunt. 410 00:24:25,480 --> 00:24:28,440 And he was well up in the... must have been towards 70. 411 00:24:28,440 --> 00:24:32,240 He got a bug to write about the early days. 412 00:24:32,240 --> 00:24:35,560 Raiding the blacks, you know, and shooting them up. 413 00:24:35,560 --> 00:24:38,960 Well... 414 00:24:38,960 --> 00:24:42,800 I wrote once... I remember writing something. 415 00:24:42,800 --> 00:24:48,320 Here doddering in senile decay My memory harks blithely away 416 00:24:48,320 --> 00:24:52,560 To pink dawns when I'd creep on blacks fast asleep 417 00:24:52,560 --> 00:24:55,240 And knock 'em hell-west in all of a heap 418 00:24:55,240 --> 00:24:58,920 A bravo just hired to slay 419 00:25:02,680 --> 00:25:05,560 That their weapons could scarcely compare 420 00:25:05,560 --> 00:25:07,960 Didn't cause me much care 421 00:25:07,960 --> 00:25:13,920 Nor the fact that they slept while sheer murder crept 422 00:25:13,920 --> 00:25:18,280 By red embers guided And no sentinel kept them apprised 423 00:25:18,280 --> 00:25:22,080 Of the sinister shapes lurking there 424 00:25:22,080 --> 00:25:27,160 And any who are prone to declare This one-sided fight wasn't fair 425 00:25:27,160 --> 00:25:31,760 Should have seen the bold bids made by women and kids 426 00:25:31,760 --> 00:25:35,680 Whom we slew for the benefit of opulent yids 427 00:25:35,680 --> 00:25:37,560 Reclining in far Belgrave Square. 428 00:25:37,560 --> 00:25:39,880 That'd be a joke if I haven't got that wrong. 429 00:25:39,880 --> 00:25:42,400 - Is that a residential area? Posh? - Yes, that's all right. 430 00:25:42,400 --> 00:25:44,480 Belgrave Square is a residential area. 431 00:25:44,480 --> 00:25:47,080 I couldn't afford to stop, you know. 432 00:25:47,080 --> 00:25:49,520 Reclining in fair Belgrave Square... 433 00:25:49,520 --> 00:25:52,400 Mm-hm. Don't know where I am now. 434 00:25:52,400 --> 00:25:56,400 Roger, it would seem that living out here, 435 00:25:56,400 --> 00:26:00,320 your life really couldn't be more simple. 436 00:26:00,320 --> 00:26:02,840 What do you live on, for example? What do you eat? 437 00:26:02,840 --> 00:26:07,600 Well, I live on the simplest kinds of food perforce. 438 00:26:07,600 --> 00:26:12,040 I would fain eat a bit more of the master's oxen, but I can't get 'em! 439 00:26:12,040 --> 00:26:17,440 I live mainly on tinned beef, damper - oh, not so bad. 440 00:26:17,440 --> 00:26:20,080 Damper is flour and water? 441 00:26:20,080 --> 00:26:23,880 Yeah, and baking powder. Might as well be without the baking powder. 442 00:26:23,880 --> 00:26:27,800 And I could go out and slay a marsupial or one of master's... 443 00:26:27,800 --> 00:26:30,440 Slay a marsupial? You mean, knock off a roo? 444 00:26:30,440 --> 00:26:32,160 Beg yours? Knock off a roo? 445 00:26:32,160 --> 00:26:34,600 Yes, that's to put it in your best Australian... 446 00:26:34,600 --> 00:26:37,040 HE MUTTERS 447 00:26:37,040 --> 00:26:39,680 Would you regard yourself as a philosophic man? 448 00:26:39,680 --> 00:26:41,480 Oh, yes. 449 00:26:41,480 --> 00:26:46,800 Like, er... I would interpret it this way for my convenience. 450 00:26:46,800 --> 00:26:50,920 I surely love wisdom and learning, goodness me, above all things. 451 00:26:52,800 --> 00:26:55,040 What do you regard as the greatest reward 452 00:26:55,040 --> 00:26:57,840 that comes from living this rather harsh life? 453 00:26:57,840 --> 00:27:00,760 Harsh and lonely out here in Borroloola? 454 00:27:02,320 --> 00:27:04,560 People wouldn't understand. 455 00:27:04,560 --> 00:27:07,200 I think one of the great advantages about living here... 456 00:27:08,600 --> 00:27:11,120 I've been accused of thinking too much, like, 457 00:27:11,120 --> 00:27:12,720 if you could think too much. 458 00:27:12,720 --> 00:27:14,720 What is a man frightened of? 459 00:27:14,720 --> 00:27:17,960 Did he uncover things in his thought or what? But, um, 460 00:27:17,960 --> 00:27:21,200 a keen sense of values of what really matters. 461 00:27:21,200 --> 00:27:23,000 And what does matter? 462 00:27:23,000 --> 00:27:24,840 Peace. 463 00:27:24,840 --> 00:27:28,040 And... Yeah, peace, I suppose. 464 00:27:28,040 --> 00:27:29,680 And, er... 465 00:27:29,680 --> 00:27:34,080 And you mightn't believe this, might think I'm piling it on, 466 00:27:34,080 --> 00:27:37,800 but I'm a very religious man, you know. 467 00:27:37,800 --> 00:27:39,360 And... 468 00:27:39,360 --> 00:27:42,160 You say, "Do I feel lonely?" 469 00:27:42,160 --> 00:27:46,240 Why should I feel lonely with God 470 00:27:46,240 --> 00:27:51,760 and men that ought to be immortal - Bill and Gray and old Omar, eh? 471 00:27:51,760 --> 00:27:54,280 Why should I feel lonely?! 472 00:27:54,280 --> 00:27:57,840 VIOLIN MUSIC 473 00:28:39,280 --> 00:28:42,200 ORCHESTRA JOINS IN 474 00:29:00,480 --> 00:29:02,600 MUSIC CRESCENDOS 475 00:29:20,680 --> 00:29:27,320 MUSIC DIMINUENDOS 39423

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