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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 3 00:00:09,884 --> 00:00:11,593 -Okay. -Welcome. 4 00:00:11,761 --> 00:00:12,761 Hi. 5 00:00:12,929 --> 00:00:15,931 Thanks for sitting down with us. We appreciate it. 6 00:00:16,474 --> 00:00:20,602 Would you recount for me the incident where you were wounded? 7 00:00:20,812 --> 00:00:24,148 Well, l was standing... 8 00:00:24,399 --> 00:00:28,777 ...on the top of this hill at the aid station... 9 00:00:28,987 --> 00:00:32,781 ...and a random shell came in. 10 00:00:32,991 --> 00:00:36,577 It couldn't have gone off more than 1 0 feet away... 11 00:00:36,786 --> 00:00:42,332 ...because all I remember is a tremendous blast and a flash. 12 00:00:42,542 --> 00:00:46,795 And the next thing l knew, I was on the ground in the snow... 13 00:00:47,005 --> 00:00:49,548 ...and l tried to get up. 14 00:00:49,799 --> 00:00:53,135 And when I tried to get up, l.... 15 00:00:53,344 --> 00:00:58,766 Only thing l could see were the broken ends of my legs. 16 00:00:58,975 --> 00:01:01,560 And l thought my legs were gone. I was-- 17 00:01:01,811 --> 00:01:05,355 Because that's all-- Both femurs were shattered. 18 00:01:05,565 --> 00:01:11,070 They were laying down here as l was on my back, trying to raise my legs up. 19 00:01:11,321 --> 00:01:12,988 And l thought: 20 00:01:13,156 --> 00:01:17,951 "I'm dead," you know, "I'm about to die." 21 00:01:18,161 --> 00:01:19,828 And l said-- 22 00:01:20,038 --> 00:01:24,333 I said my Act of Contrition, because l am a Catholic. 23 00:01:24,542 --> 00:01:28,170 And then the next thing I thought of was my mother. 24 00:01:29,547 --> 00:01:33,509 And l thought, "What's she gonna say?" 25 00:01:33,760 --> 00:01:36,178 Because I was an only child. 26 00:03:11,357 --> 00:03:15,611 My name is C. Carwood Lipton. 27 00:03:16,571 --> 00:03:20,782 I was born in Huntington, West Virginia. Grew up in Huntington. 28 00:03:21,075 --> 00:03:25,704 Frederick T. Heyliger. Concord, Massachusetts was my hometown. 29 00:03:25,955 --> 00:03:29,291 I was born in a town named Inchelium, Washington. 30 00:03:29,542 --> 00:03:32,085 It's on an lndian reservation. 31 00:03:32,295 --> 00:03:36,340 My name's J.B. Stokes. I was born close to Bonham, Texas... 32 00:03:36,591 --> 00:03:38,634 ...in an area called Leonard. 33 00:03:38,885 --> 00:03:41,220 Born and raised in Columbus, Ohio... 34 00:03:41,387 --> 00:03:45,307 ...my dad worked for the railroad. My mom was a housewife. 35 00:03:45,558 --> 00:03:49,144 My nickname was Babe. And my mother... 36 00:03:49,354 --> 00:03:52,814 ...she was a little Irish broad. Red hair. Fiery. 37 00:03:54,400 --> 00:03:55,484 Great woman. 38 00:03:56,402 --> 00:04:00,155 Born and raised in Philadelphia, where times were tough. 39 00:04:00,323 --> 00:04:04,326 Mom had 1 0 children, so you had to work to survive. 40 00:04:05,203 --> 00:04:08,956 It was just survival in the streets of Philadelphia. 41 00:04:09,165 --> 00:04:15,170 We came up in the Depression. Sometimes we'd live on a farm and have... 42 00:04:15,338 --> 00:04:17,339 ...pigs and raise a garden. 43 00:04:17,590 --> 00:04:21,760 I saw people that really were hungry and had hard times. 44 00:04:21,970 --> 00:04:26,139 My father was able to find employment. We never went hungry. 45 00:04:26,349 --> 00:04:31,979 We lived on a farm. Everybody was poor. That was the Depression. 46 00:04:32,188 --> 00:04:35,774 When I got to about 1 0, I got a paper route. 47 00:04:35,984 --> 00:04:40,153 I made $5 a month. Something like that. But it was something. 48 00:04:40,363 --> 00:04:46,201 There's a work ethic the Pennsylvania Dutch in this area are very proud of. 49 00:04:46,452 --> 00:04:51,581 I was the oldest one, so l sort of branched out on my own at an early age. 50 00:04:51,791 --> 00:04:56,378 I was married when I was 1 9 years old in 1 941 . 51 00:04:56,629 --> 00:04:59,631 On December 7 of '41 ... 52 00:04:59,882 --> 00:05:02,801 ...we were in a store, and a guy, he says: 53 00:05:03,011 --> 00:05:06,096 "The U.S.A. is in a war with Japan." 54 00:05:06,389 --> 00:05:09,599 And everything just went silent. 55 00:05:10,893 --> 00:05:14,813 I said, "Let's go in the Army." He said, "l don't want to." 56 00:05:15,023 --> 00:05:18,525 I said, "You're gonna have to go sooner or later." 57 00:05:18,693 --> 00:05:22,529 Something was wrong with you if you weren't in the service. 58 00:05:22,697 --> 00:05:24,531 It was what you had to do. 59 00:05:24,782 --> 00:05:29,119 I wasn't gonna be in the infantry. I was gonna be in some... 60 00:05:29,329 --> 00:05:32,998 ...top kind of a unit, or l wasn't gonna be in the Army. 61 00:05:36,711 --> 00:05:41,089 LIFE magazine had run an article on paratroopers... 62 00:05:41,716 --> 00:05:45,093 ...sometime in early 1 942. 63 00:05:45,261 --> 00:05:48,638 And it told about the training that they got... 64 00:05:50,099 --> 00:05:55,103 ...and the difficult physical requirements, and l got interested... 65 00:05:55,271 --> 00:05:58,148 ...in seeing if I could become a paratrooper. 66 00:05:58,441 --> 00:06:02,694 Nobody forced you to do this, you volunteered. 67 00:06:02,945 --> 00:06:06,281 And it was the notion... 68 00:06:06,574 --> 00:06:11,787 ...that you wanted to do something. You wanted to be with the best. 69 00:06:11,996 --> 00:06:16,124 But once you got in there, you was proud to be. 70 00:06:16,667 --> 00:06:20,003 We was proud of our boots, and our shoulder patch. 71 00:06:20,171 --> 00:06:23,215 And we was proud to be paratroopers. 72 00:06:23,466 --> 00:06:28,595 And we was proud to be working with the guys we were working with. 73 00:06:29,180 --> 00:06:33,642 You know these people that you're in service with.... 74 00:06:33,893 --> 00:06:37,604 You know those people better than anybody in your life. 75 00:06:37,814 --> 00:06:40,941 You know them right down to the final thing. 76 00:06:41,150 --> 00:06:46,154 And that comes when you start your training, while that progresses. 77 00:06:55,206 --> 00:07:00,001 -Each man was like a championship boxer. -Out of 1 00% , only 1 0% made it. 78 00:07:00,211 --> 00:07:03,004 -l thought l'd die. -No holding back. 79 00:07:03,214 --> 00:07:08,301 -You had to hang in there and be tough. -We marched 1 1 8 miles in three days. 80 00:07:08,511 --> 00:07:11,596 The training l got and the men I trained with... 81 00:07:12,515 --> 00:07:16,476 ...gave me the confidence to go into battle. 82 00:07:21,190 --> 00:07:24,776 We were just a bunch of ordinary kids when we went in. 83 00:07:24,944 --> 00:07:28,905 The training was to build you up physically and mentally. 84 00:07:29,115 --> 00:07:32,659 Some of them lost as much as 40 pounds. 85 00:07:32,869 --> 00:07:36,872 But l didn't have nothing to lose. I weighed about 1 30. 86 00:07:37,123 --> 00:07:40,750 If l lost 40 pounds, I'd have been too small to stay. 87 00:07:40,960 --> 00:07:45,464 You know, they weeded out so many. 88 00:07:45,715 --> 00:07:49,176 They'd be there one day, and they'd be gone the next. 89 00:07:49,385 --> 00:07:54,055 They couldn't keep up with it. They couldn't take that hard training. 90 00:07:55,516 --> 00:07:58,727 You had the cream of the cream of the cream. 91 00:07:58,895 --> 00:08:04,274 We had to climb this mountain called Currahee every morning. Run up and back. 92 00:08:04,525 --> 00:08:07,694 If you couldn't, you'd end up in another unit. 93 00:08:07,904 --> 00:08:11,531 The name Currahee means "We stand alone together." 94 00:08:11,741 --> 00:08:17,204 That's an Indian name. It became a symbol of the camp... 95 00:08:17,455 --> 00:08:20,916 ...because it was rough and tough, going up and down. 96 00:08:21,125 --> 00:08:26,922 A lot of times, when some of the guys would go and get them a drink or so... 97 00:08:27,173 --> 00:08:31,092 ...you'd see them laying on the road, where they were sick. 98 00:08:31,302 --> 00:08:35,430 It didn't matter how hard you trained and how tired you got... 99 00:08:35,598 --> 00:08:40,101 ...you would still go out on your own and run the mountain at night... 100 00:08:40,394 --> 00:08:43,438 ...which was ridiculous because during the day... 101 00:08:43,606 --> 00:08:45,941 ...all you did was bitch and moan. 102 00:08:46,192 --> 00:08:50,779 At night, they'd get a couple guys and go up and do it on your own. 103 00:08:50,947 --> 00:08:54,533 We learned how to be soldiers at Toccoa... 104 00:08:54,742 --> 00:08:58,370 ...as a group, all of us coming in... 105 00:08:58,538 --> 00:09:01,248 ...from no experience in the Army at all... 106 00:09:01,415 --> 00:09:04,167 ...coming in directly from civilian life. 107 00:09:04,418 --> 00:09:07,045 I'm gonna say this, I believe... 108 00:09:07,296 --> 00:09:11,841 ...that the paratroopers of the 1 01 st Airborne Division... 109 00:09:12,134 --> 00:09:17,639 ...was as well-trained as you could get a soldier to be at that time. 110 00:09:19,934 --> 00:09:23,270 -We packed our own chutes. -Nervous as hell. 111 00:09:23,479 --> 00:09:26,731 You're asking yourself, "What am I doing here?" 112 00:09:28,150 --> 00:09:31,778 -Coming down is great. -lt affects everybody different. 113 00:09:31,946 --> 00:09:35,323 -l broke my foot. -You're dropping 1 6 feet a second. 114 00:09:35,533 --> 00:09:38,577 I can remember just like it was yesterday. 115 00:09:38,744 --> 00:09:40,787 That morning after breakfast... 116 00:09:40,997 --> 00:09:45,000 ...they marched us all out there to the airfield. 117 00:09:46,836 --> 00:09:50,046 There were guys that already made their jump. 118 00:09:50,298 --> 00:09:55,510 And they were all hollering, "You're gonna be sorry!" You know? 119 00:09:55,678 --> 00:09:58,430 You didn't want to be afraid, you know... 120 00:09:58,639 --> 00:10:03,518 ...because these other guys are there with you. Your bravado and all that.... 121 00:10:03,811 --> 00:10:07,856 You didn't wanna be afraid, so you kept that out of your mind. 122 00:10:08,065 --> 00:10:13,028 Jumping out of a plane wasn't like today. My first flight up, I jumped. 123 00:10:13,237 --> 00:10:16,114 That was years before I landed an aircraft. 124 00:10:16,324 --> 00:10:19,242 Most of the troopers was the same story. 125 00:10:19,452 --> 00:10:23,038 Foolishly, l didn't think it'd be so tough, but.... 126 00:10:23,247 --> 00:10:27,334 The first time-- The first jump you make is not all that bad. 127 00:10:27,543 --> 00:10:31,087 You don't know what you're doing. When you step out... 128 00:10:31,339 --> 00:10:33,715 ...the chute just opened right then. 129 00:10:34,133 --> 00:10:36,593 As l went out the door, l was blank. 130 00:10:36,761 --> 00:10:39,346 I cannot remember leaving the plane... 131 00:10:39,513 --> 00:10:42,724 ...until after the chute opened up. My God. 132 00:10:42,933 --> 00:10:45,477 But after that, it wasn't as bad. 133 00:10:45,686 --> 00:10:49,397 It was a thrill. It was like going on a roller coaster. 134 00:10:49,565 --> 00:10:51,900 You get off and want to get back on. 135 00:10:52,360 --> 00:10:54,319 It was a thrill. 136 00:10:54,570 --> 00:10:57,405 It was a high, as they say these days. 137 00:10:57,948 --> 00:11:02,077 Everybody enjoyed themselves. Landing was the hardest part. 138 00:11:02,328 --> 00:11:05,705 Once that chute opened, I was happy as a lark. 139 00:11:05,915 --> 00:11:08,416 You know, coming down is great. 140 00:11:08,876 --> 00:11:13,505 I was small too, and I didn't hurt myself when I hit the ground. 141 00:11:13,881 --> 00:11:18,051 Some of the big ones hit like a ton of-- What's his name? 142 00:11:18,260 --> 00:11:22,097 You worried most about your chute. Did you pack it right? 143 00:11:22,306 --> 00:11:28,061 You'd pack it one day and jump the next day. You thought about it all night. 144 00:11:28,270 --> 00:11:30,021 You had... 145 00:11:30,231 --> 00:11:33,441 ...ideas of what you might have done wrong, or.... 146 00:11:33,609 --> 00:11:35,610 But it worked out fine. 147 00:11:35,778 --> 00:11:39,239 We made five jumps in the third week there. 148 00:11:39,448 --> 00:11:44,828 Then you were a qualified paratrooper. Got your wings pinned on... 149 00:11:46,288 --> 00:11:51,459 ...and became one of the elite members of the parachute regiment. 150 00:11:51,669 --> 00:11:54,629 We were thoroughly prepared. 151 00:11:55,214 --> 00:11:56,756 The men were... 152 00:11:57,007 --> 00:12:00,260 ...trained, hardened... 153 00:12:01,095 --> 00:12:03,471 ...physically and mentally. 154 00:12:03,681 --> 00:12:06,850 And they were ready to jump. 155 00:12:10,062 --> 00:12:14,107 That's how we started off for Normandy. 156 00:12:27,079 --> 00:12:31,499 When you walk up that gangplank, you know you're gone. 157 00:12:32,334 --> 00:12:38,173 As you pull out of harbor, and you pass the Statue of Liberty.... 158 00:12:39,133 --> 00:12:42,385 "Will l ever be coming back? I don't know." 159 00:12:49,310 --> 00:12:51,811 You know you're in a parachute troop. 160 00:12:52,021 --> 00:12:56,357 You're gonna be jumping behind enemy lines. What do you expect? 161 00:12:57,359 --> 00:12:59,694 You have no idea. 162 00:13:01,572 --> 00:13:04,699 That'll make anybody stand... 163 00:13:04,909 --> 00:13:08,328 ...and search his soul for a few minutes. 164 00:13:14,168 --> 00:13:16,044 We were ready. 165 00:13:16,212 --> 00:13:20,840 We were stationed in England for about a year before D-Day. 166 00:13:21,342 --> 00:13:25,220 We had a lot of maneuvers and parachute jumping. 167 00:13:25,387 --> 00:13:28,223 They put us in a camp... 168 00:13:28,516 --> 00:13:30,225 ...preparing us for D-Day. 169 00:13:30,434 --> 00:13:32,852 At just about a week before D-Day... 170 00:13:33,062 --> 00:13:38,066 ...they put us in. No liberties, no nothing. You couldn't get out of camp. 171 00:13:38,234 --> 00:13:41,736 They had guards around the marshaling area... 172 00:13:41,904 --> 00:13:44,656 ...so nobody could leave. 173 00:13:45,074 --> 00:13:47,909 That's when you felt that, "This is it." 174 00:13:48,118 --> 00:13:50,662 We did not know which day. 175 00:13:50,871 --> 00:13:55,375 We did not know where we were gonna jump until we were locked in. 176 00:13:55,626 --> 00:13:57,919 And then they had the briefing... 177 00:13:58,128 --> 00:14:02,173 ...to tell you exactly what your mission was. 178 00:14:02,383 --> 00:14:04,968 And they took this map... 179 00:14:05,135 --> 00:14:08,596 ...and they made a model of the features of the land. 180 00:14:08,764 --> 00:14:12,475 They put in all the buildings, the bridges, the knolls... 181 00:14:12,643 --> 00:14:16,729 ...all the sand dunes. Everything was in on that layout. 182 00:14:16,939 --> 00:14:20,275 We knew it by heart. We knew where we were going. 183 00:14:20,442 --> 00:14:22,318 We knew exactly what to do. 184 00:14:22,528 --> 00:14:26,197 I mean, if you could've been there at the time to see... 185 00:14:26,448 --> 00:14:31,411 ...where the planes were lined up and all the gliders hooked up to the planes. 186 00:14:31,620 --> 00:14:35,415 Tanks and trucks and fields and fields of them. 187 00:14:35,666 --> 00:14:39,919 I had no idea that there was that much hardware. 188 00:14:40,129 --> 00:14:42,964 No question, we knew it was gonna be big. 189 00:14:43,132 --> 00:14:44,966 And that day... 190 00:14:45,175 --> 00:14:50,305 ...that we got the orders to get on the planes.... This is it. 191 00:15:04,904 --> 00:15:07,989 We had confidence in our leaders... 192 00:15:08,198 --> 00:15:13,536 ...and all the plans and preparations that took place before the invasion. 193 00:15:14,747 --> 00:15:19,208 We were confident and calm. 194 00:15:39,730 --> 00:15:44,400 We were all loaded down. We carried everything we thought we could... 195 00:15:44,652 --> 00:15:47,362 ...in the line of personal items... 196 00:15:47,571 --> 00:15:51,824 ...plus the necessary things we were assigned to carry. 197 00:15:52,034 --> 00:15:53,868 And we were loaded. 198 00:16:10,678 --> 00:16:13,096 Everybody got in there... 199 00:16:14,056 --> 00:16:18,726 ...and a lot of them were very scared. l was scared too... 200 00:16:18,978 --> 00:16:22,897 ...but probably in a different way that other people were. 201 00:16:24,108 --> 00:16:26,734 As long as l was in that plane... 202 00:16:26,986 --> 00:16:30,113 ...and they were gonna get me there safely... 203 00:16:30,364 --> 00:16:33,533 ...that's all that I worried about. 204 00:16:46,797 --> 00:16:49,799 At the time, I had no feeling whatsoever. 205 00:16:50,050 --> 00:16:53,136 My feeling was for my brother, who was killed. 206 00:16:56,724 --> 00:16:57,932 That infuriated me. 207 00:16:58,142 --> 00:17:02,937 And that's why, when l jumped on D-Day, I swore.... 208 00:17:03,147 --> 00:17:06,774 I swore l would kill every damn German I came across. 209 00:17:06,984 --> 00:17:11,446 That's why they nicknamed me Wild Bill. l killed a lot on D-Day. 210 00:17:14,783 --> 00:17:17,785 The sky was clear, coming across the channel. 211 00:17:17,995 --> 00:17:23,416 Since I was jump master, l could lie at the plane door with my head out... 212 00:17:23,625 --> 00:17:26,002 ...in the slipstream, looking down. 213 00:17:26,211 --> 00:17:29,464 And l saw the thousands of craft ships... 214 00:17:29,631 --> 00:17:32,467 ...everything from LCIs to battleships... 215 00:17:32,676 --> 00:17:37,513 ...down there in the channel. I think that's when I first realized... 216 00:17:37,806 --> 00:17:43,019 ...how large the invasion was. Tremendously large, the invasion was. 217 00:17:43,228 --> 00:17:48,733 We were out for 1 1/2 hours before we-- We went down the south end of England... 218 00:17:48,984 --> 00:17:52,236 ...and then across the Jersey islands... 219 00:17:52,446 --> 00:17:55,865 ...and then across the Cherbourg peninsula. 220 00:17:56,116 --> 00:17:58,743 And that's when the fireworks started. 221 00:18:01,872 --> 00:18:03,664 Flak was terrible. 222 00:18:03,874 --> 00:18:06,667 Anti-aircraft was absolutely horrendous. 223 00:18:06,835 --> 00:18:08,086 It was like... 224 00:18:08,295 --> 00:18:11,422 ...a July the 4th celebration, 1 0 times over. 225 00:18:11,632 --> 00:18:15,176 Then it would hit under the wings and body... 226 00:18:15,427 --> 00:18:20,431 ...and you could hear it go...like gravel hitting a car fender. 227 00:18:20,641 --> 00:18:22,683 You could see tracers all over. 228 00:18:22,893 --> 00:18:25,937 Everybody wanted to get out of the plane fast. 229 00:18:26,105 --> 00:18:29,899 Whether it was high, low, no matter where we were. Out! 230 00:18:30,109 --> 00:18:32,360 They were getting shot up. 231 00:18:32,528 --> 00:18:35,905 Finally, the pilots-- I happened to read their minds-- 232 00:18:36,073 --> 00:18:38,491 "Okay, we got so much gas... 233 00:18:38,700 --> 00:18:43,454 ...and we're gonna have to get back to England. 234 00:18:43,664 --> 00:18:46,374 What do we do with all the guys back here? 235 00:18:46,583 --> 00:18:48,918 Give them the green light. Get out." 236 00:18:49,169 --> 00:18:50,586 We're ready to jump. 237 00:18:50,796 --> 00:18:56,092 There was a relief when the green light came on, and we said, "Let's go." 238 00:18:56,301 --> 00:18:58,553 Well, l jumped up on a run... 239 00:18:58,762 --> 00:19:03,516 ...and hit the static line with the hook and out the door... 240 00:19:04,268 --> 00:19:07,562 ...and got such an opening shock... 241 00:19:07,729 --> 00:19:11,607 ...from the prop blast, that it broke this chin strap... 242 00:19:11,775 --> 00:19:14,318 ...that we had on this helmet liner. 243 00:19:14,570 --> 00:19:19,907 And that's when l lost this famous leg bag that everybody talks about... 244 00:19:20,117 --> 00:19:25,913 ...just from the shock of the opening. It just flew right off my foot. 245 00:19:26,123 --> 00:19:28,833 The British call them leg bags. 246 00:19:29,084 --> 00:19:33,629 They gotta be this big, and you stuff everything you can into them. 247 00:19:33,839 --> 00:19:39,051 They're supposed to weigh 1 5 pounds. By the time you're done, they're 60. 248 00:19:39,261 --> 00:19:42,847 Everyone that jumped with a leg bag, they lost it. 249 00:19:43,098 --> 00:19:47,101 Most of the paratroopers that landed didn't have nothing. 250 00:19:47,269 --> 00:19:48,853 I was one of them. 251 00:19:49,104 --> 00:19:50,688 It tore right off... 252 00:19:51,356 --> 00:19:55,610 ...because we jumped at speeds of 1 50 miles an hour... 253 00:19:55,777 --> 00:19:57,945 ...maybe even higher. l don't know. 254 00:19:58,155 --> 00:20:00,656 And lower than we should've been. 255 00:20:00,866 --> 00:20:05,119 That wasn't bad either, because you got to the ground quicker. 256 00:20:05,287 --> 00:20:09,624 When we went out the door, l looked to see if my chute was open... 257 00:20:09,791 --> 00:20:12,960 ...and l saw tracer bullets burning holes in the chute. 258 00:20:13,170 --> 00:20:18,507 And they told us all you'll have to do is shuffle up to the door... 259 00:20:18,759 --> 00:20:23,346 ...throw that leg out, prop blast will hit it, and you're gone. 260 00:20:24,348 --> 00:20:26,515 Well, they were right. 261 00:20:26,767 --> 00:20:30,394 Only I was going out, and my leg was in... 262 00:20:30,604 --> 00:20:33,648 ...and l was hanging upside down... 263 00:20:33,857 --> 00:20:37,652 ...looking at everything down with my leg in the plane. 264 00:20:37,819 --> 00:20:41,656 All this happened in a split second. Paul rolled me out. 265 00:20:41,823 --> 00:20:43,658 Paul Rogers rolled me out. 266 00:20:43,825 --> 00:20:49,455 I just helped him out. l just picked him up and threw him out, l guess. 267 00:20:49,665 --> 00:20:52,750 I had to get out. We wanted to get out so bad. 268 00:20:52,960 --> 00:20:56,254 And l come down right behind city hall... 269 00:20:56,463 --> 00:21:00,841 ...watched them shoot at me all the way, which wasn't very long. 270 00:21:01,093 --> 00:21:06,847 I could see the tracers. They were kind of spraying around in the air. 271 00:21:07,224 --> 00:21:12,687 Whoever the machine gunner was down there that was concentrating on me... 272 00:21:12,854 --> 00:21:15,356 ...apparently was not a very good shot. 273 00:21:15,524 --> 00:21:18,276 They were firing in every direction. 274 00:21:18,485 --> 00:21:21,862 You don't know which way to go. 275 00:21:22,030 --> 00:21:26,534 The next thing is that you are getting close to landing... 276 00:21:26,743 --> 00:21:30,997 ...and you're saying, "There's some trees. There's a road. 277 00:21:31,248 --> 00:21:37,211 Try and slip to avoid the trees. Try and slip to avoid landing on the road." 278 00:21:37,379 --> 00:21:41,799 I slipped and my chute fell across power lines, and l hit a fence... 279 00:21:42,009 --> 00:21:45,303 ...and fell into a farmer's garden. 280 00:21:45,554 --> 00:21:49,307 I'll never forget that fence. It had glass on top of it... 281 00:21:49,516 --> 00:21:53,102 ...and cut me up, but that didn't bother me. 282 00:21:53,353 --> 00:21:57,148 I just-- l was down, and l got down with my gun. 283 00:21:58,191 --> 00:22:02,820 I hit the ground in a field, and we were way-- l got looking at my map... 284 00:22:03,071 --> 00:22:07,575 ...and we weren't close to where we were supposed to be. 285 00:22:07,784 --> 00:22:11,245 We was plumb off our maps that they'd given us. 286 00:22:11,496 --> 00:22:15,374 So we had to make our way back. We knew that the beach... 287 00:22:15,584 --> 00:22:21,130 ...was to the east. We headed that way to find out where the outfit was. 288 00:22:21,715 --> 00:22:26,552 My friend from Erie was in another plane. 289 00:22:26,762 --> 00:22:31,849 When I hit the ground, l hit about 2 feet away from him. 290 00:22:32,100 --> 00:22:36,937 And him and l start walking around looking for more of our troops. 291 00:22:37,189 --> 00:22:42,151 And we were running into Germans everywhere, but we had to hide. 292 00:22:42,402 --> 00:22:47,573 You know, because if we didn't, we were dead meat. 293 00:22:48,116 --> 00:22:52,370 And l laid in a tree. I had my trench knife. 294 00:22:52,579 --> 00:22:55,790 And l reached up... 295 00:22:55,999 --> 00:23:00,795 ...and grabbed hold-- lt was a big trunk, the tree, and I swung into it. 296 00:23:01,004 --> 00:23:05,883 I cut those risers with, I think, one swipe. 297 00:23:06,051 --> 00:23:08,803 And l come down that tree like a monkey. 298 00:23:08,970 --> 00:23:12,807 And then there l was with a trench knife and a canteen... 299 00:23:12,974 --> 00:23:16,685 ...and about six candy bars in my pocket... 300 00:23:16,895 --> 00:23:21,065 ...ready to fight the German army, you know. 301 00:23:21,900 --> 00:23:26,112 So there's four guys that were with me on D-Day... 302 00:23:26,321 --> 00:23:30,491 ...who didn't have nothing but a jump knife when they landed. 303 00:23:30,700 --> 00:23:34,912 So we had to hope, scrounge. 304 00:23:35,997 --> 00:23:38,040 As it worked out for all of us... 305 00:23:38,250 --> 00:23:42,086 ...later on, we'd run across somebody who had been killed... 306 00:23:42,295 --> 00:23:44,255 ...and you'd take his weapon. 307 00:23:44,506 --> 00:23:48,467 And that's how you get a weapon for D-Day. 308 00:23:48,677 --> 00:23:50,052 Rather haphazard. 309 00:23:50,303 --> 00:23:53,431 We were scattered all over the peninsula... 310 00:23:53,682 --> 00:23:57,226 ...so it was quite a confused situation... 311 00:23:57,436 --> 00:24:01,021 ...but we were better prepared than the Germans were. 312 00:24:01,189 --> 00:24:03,732 The Germans didn't know where we were. 313 00:24:03,942 --> 00:24:07,695 Whereas on the beach, those people coming in on boats... 314 00:24:07,904 --> 00:24:11,699 ...those Germans had guns aimed at them, waiting on them. 315 00:24:11,908 --> 00:24:15,911 They had it tough. I admire every one of them. 316 00:24:23,879 --> 00:24:27,715 These guns were pointed and firing right down on the beach. 317 00:24:29,926 --> 00:24:36,056 People on the landing craft were coming onto the beach and were being fired at. 318 00:24:47,986 --> 00:24:52,781 This battery of 1 05s was placed precisely where it should be... 319 00:24:52,991 --> 00:24:57,077 ...to protect any troops coming up that causeway. 320 00:24:58,497 --> 00:25:01,499 As you sit back years later, you think: 321 00:25:01,750 --> 00:25:05,586 "This was laid out exactly right, tactically." 322 00:25:16,890 --> 00:25:19,975 We thought we knew every foxhole in Normandy. 323 00:25:20,185 --> 00:25:23,437 We knew where everything was. We knew it cold. 324 00:25:23,688 --> 00:25:27,733 But on this one, the Germans had moved in there... 325 00:25:27,984 --> 00:25:32,821 ...and camouflaged it so well, we didn't know it was there. 326 00:25:45,252 --> 00:25:48,629 E Company was the assault company of the battalion. 327 00:25:48,880 --> 00:25:53,968 We were trained from special assaults and whatnot, special assignments. 328 00:25:54,219 --> 00:25:59,640 They weren't aware of what we had. They didn't realize we only had 12 people. 329 00:25:59,891 --> 00:26:03,143 We worked our way down through the farm area... 330 00:26:03,353 --> 00:26:08,148 ...to a hedgerow. Lt. Winters had us set up a firing position. 331 00:26:08,525 --> 00:26:12,319 And l went up to scout it for myself... 332 00:26:12,529 --> 00:26:15,364 ...crawled out along this hedgerow... 333 00:26:15,657 --> 00:26:21,328 ...to get a little closer, to look it over, and I felt l could see a trench. 334 00:26:21,746 --> 00:26:24,999 And l thought l knew where our machine gun was. 335 00:26:25,250 --> 00:26:26,584 Winters... 336 00:26:26,793 --> 00:26:29,670 ...was an exceptional leader. 337 00:26:29,921 --> 00:26:34,300 And he was able to size up, all through the war... 338 00:26:34,509 --> 00:26:39,138 ...size up combat situations and decide quickly... 339 00:26:39,347 --> 00:26:44,476 ...and correctly the best way to take care of whatever the problem was. 340 00:26:44,686 --> 00:26:49,315 I divided the group into two units. Lt. Compton was with me. 341 00:26:49,524 --> 00:26:52,276 I gave him half the men, and l took half. 342 00:26:53,320 --> 00:26:58,532 I gave instructions, "I want Compton, Malarkey... 343 00:26:58,742 --> 00:27:03,704 ...and Wynn to crawl up there and hand-grenade that machine gun. 344 00:27:03,955 --> 00:27:09,376 Crawl through the grass, and as you throw your grenades... 345 00:27:09,544 --> 00:27:12,379 ...l'll charge up with the rest of the guys." 346 00:27:12,547 --> 00:27:14,590 I had the two machine guns set up... 347 00:27:15,133 --> 00:27:18,927 ...to give him covering fire while he crawled up there. 348 00:27:19,137 --> 00:27:21,347 I get out to this hedgerow... 349 00:27:21,556 --> 00:27:25,726 ...and l peek-- I look out, and l peek through the bushes... 350 00:27:25,935 --> 00:27:31,440 ...and l see a couple of Germans over there, about 30, 50 yards away... 351 00:27:31,733 --> 00:27:34,568 ...stoking this gun and firing it. 352 00:27:36,154 --> 00:27:38,739 I pull out a grenade and pull the pin... 353 00:27:38,907 --> 00:27:43,494 ...and l threw it as high and as far as l could throw it... 354 00:27:43,662 --> 00:27:47,665 ...in their general direction. It had enough hang time on it... 355 00:27:47,832 --> 00:27:51,919 ...that by the time it got to them, it went off in the air. 356 00:27:52,128 --> 00:27:55,255 I jumped up with other guys, and we charged... 357 00:27:55,423 --> 00:28:00,135 ...so that we all jumped into the first position together. 358 00:28:00,470 --> 00:28:04,890 They had trenches cut in where they worked, the Germans did. 359 00:28:05,100 --> 00:28:07,393 They jumped down in them trenches... 360 00:28:07,644 --> 00:28:11,146 ...and they worked them Germans like a ghost assault. 361 00:28:11,356 --> 00:28:16,110 Three Germans broke off from this position... 362 00:28:16,778 --> 00:28:21,281 ...to run across the field, which was the wrong thing to do... 363 00:28:21,449 --> 00:28:22,950 ...from their viewpoint. 364 00:28:24,285 --> 00:28:25,869 We cut them down. 365 00:28:26,329 --> 00:28:30,791 I was in a trench, and I looked, and l saw an arm. 366 00:28:31,084 --> 00:28:34,628 I didn't even see-- The man was in a camouflage tent... 367 00:28:34,879 --> 00:28:39,174 ...and l didn't see him. Then I saw an arm stuck out of that tent... 368 00:28:39,384 --> 00:28:42,136 ...and one of those potato-masher grenades... 369 00:28:42,345 --> 00:28:45,723 ...you know, with a stick come out of there. 370 00:28:45,974 --> 00:28:47,766 I said, "He's gonna miss me." 371 00:28:47,976 --> 00:28:51,019 It fell right down in that trench with me. 372 00:28:51,187 --> 00:28:55,274 I was trying to scuttle my way out of the way, and it went off... 373 00:28:55,483 --> 00:29:00,320 ...and l felt like it blew my butt over my head, and it pretty near did. 374 00:29:00,655 --> 00:29:04,658 He's behind the enemy lines on D-Day. 375 00:29:04,868 --> 00:29:07,244 Does he holler, "Help"? 376 00:29:07,454 --> 00:29:08,662 No. 377 00:29:08,830 --> 00:29:14,501 He hollers, "I'm sorry, lieutenant. I'm sorry. I goofed." 378 00:29:15,003 --> 00:29:20,674 I felt like l kind of let him down, but that's neither here nor there. 379 00:29:20,842 --> 00:29:23,260 My God. 380 00:29:26,264 --> 00:29:32,269 It's beautiful when you think of a guy who's... 381 00:29:32,854 --> 00:29:37,858 ...so dedicated to his company, to his buddies... 382 00:29:38,109 --> 00:29:43,363 ...that he apologizes for getting hit, but that's the kind of guy he was. 383 00:29:43,656 --> 00:29:47,785 That's the kind each one of them was. They were all the same. 384 00:29:54,667 --> 00:29:58,587 I look upon them, each man, with great respect. 385 00:29:58,880 --> 00:30:00,964 Respect I can't describe. 386 00:30:01,716 --> 00:30:04,885 Each one of them proved himself... 387 00:30:05,970 --> 00:30:07,930 ...that he... 388 00:30:08,181 --> 00:30:10,349 ...could do the job. 389 00:30:17,398 --> 00:30:21,568 We've been through Normandy, through battle. Maybe if l had been harder... 390 00:30:21,778 --> 00:30:26,907 ...if I had done a little bit better job, more men would've gone home. 391 00:30:40,797 --> 00:30:44,049 I never thought I'd get through D-Day... 392 00:30:44,300 --> 00:30:49,429 ...let alone the next phase. I thought I was gonna get killed instantly. 393 00:30:50,390 --> 00:30:52,808 The chances of survival is very slim. 394 00:30:58,606 --> 00:31:00,816 There's the parachute. 395 00:31:01,067 --> 00:31:05,612 I got that done in Edinburgh, Scotland, 1 944. 396 00:31:05,864 --> 00:31:08,198 Me and Johnny Martin. 397 00:31:08,408 --> 00:31:09,950 Drunk as a skunk. 398 00:31:10,285 --> 00:31:16,498 Guarnere and I decided we'd go to Scotland and get a tattoo. 399 00:31:16,791 --> 00:31:20,627 We didn't figure we had a chance to come home. 400 00:31:23,631 --> 00:31:25,215 But.... 401 00:31:26,467 --> 00:31:28,218 Yep. 402 00:31:28,386 --> 00:31:30,012 We thought, "Well, hell... 403 00:31:30,221 --> 00:31:35,642 ...the war is just starting, and Christ, we're 50% gone now. 404 00:31:35,810 --> 00:31:38,020 So it's a long haul." 405 00:31:44,444 --> 00:31:47,654 The 1 01 st came back from Normandy after about 33 days... 406 00:31:47,822 --> 00:31:51,366 ...and we were replacements for those who were killed... 407 00:31:51,534 --> 00:31:53,744 ...or wounded in Normandy. 408 00:31:54,704 --> 00:31:57,873 There were young kids that came in... 409 00:31:58,124 --> 00:32:01,251 ...and for some reason, I don't know why... 410 00:32:02,128 --> 00:32:04,338 ...they were the first ones killed. 411 00:32:04,631 --> 00:32:07,549 And l think maybe they were trying... 412 00:32:07,842 --> 00:32:13,472 ...to impress the older guys, maybe people like me or Shifty. 413 00:32:13,681 --> 00:32:18,226 We were in awe of them. They had infantry badges on their uniform. 414 00:32:18,436 --> 00:32:22,689 They had a star on their jump wings. They.... 415 00:32:23,691 --> 00:32:27,194 They were our heroes. That's how we looked at them. 416 00:32:27,862 --> 00:32:31,073 I don't know why, but I got right there to where... 417 00:32:31,282 --> 00:32:35,744 ...l didn't want to be friendly with replacements coming in... 418 00:32:35,954 --> 00:32:39,873 ...because, God, l didn't like seeing them get killed. 419 00:32:40,124 --> 00:32:43,210 It just tore me up, and.... 420 00:32:44,337 --> 00:32:47,881 I don't know why, but they were the first ones killed. 421 00:32:48,132 --> 00:32:51,760 My 1 0-man squad that l was in, eight were replacements. 422 00:32:51,928 --> 00:32:55,222 The squad leader and the assistant squad leader... 423 00:32:55,390 --> 00:32:59,726 ...Sgt. Muck and Cpl. Penkala had been to Normandy. We hadn't. 424 00:32:59,936 --> 00:33:03,563 The eight of us hadn't been anywhere but Aldbourne. 425 00:33:03,773 --> 00:33:07,943 The training got really tough between there and the Holland jump. 426 00:33:08,111 --> 00:33:10,112 Training, training, training. 427 00:33:10,279 --> 00:33:13,198 We had missions scratched. We were to jump on... 428 00:33:13,366 --> 00:33:15,242 ...a French city of Touraine. 429 00:33:15,410 --> 00:33:17,619 And it got to the sand-table part... 430 00:33:17,787 --> 00:33:21,331 ...where we gathered round to see who was gonna do what... 431 00:33:21,541 --> 00:33:26,336 ...and Patton's troops overran the drop zone, so that was called off. 432 00:33:26,504 --> 00:33:31,925 We were wondering if we'd ever get to go, and then it got to be September. 433 00:33:39,058 --> 00:33:44,813 It was a Sunday afternoon, noontime, 70 degrees. 434 00:33:45,064 --> 00:33:46,982 The drop was perfect. 435 00:33:47,233 --> 00:33:50,444 Everybody was dropping on the same field. 436 00:33:50,653 --> 00:33:55,407 Daytime drops are a lot easier. You can prepare for the landing. 437 00:33:55,575 --> 00:33:59,411 I saw a plowed field, and l slipped right over it. 438 00:33:59,620 --> 00:34:04,875 I believe l almost landed standing up, you know, soft. A great jump. 439 00:34:05,084 --> 00:34:08,879 The most dangerous part about it was that people were... 440 00:34:09,088 --> 00:34:14,217 ...losing helmets and equipment, and all this equipment's raining down... 441 00:34:14,385 --> 00:34:17,679 ...and if you got hit with this, you're gonna be killed... 442 00:34:17,847 --> 00:34:20,474 ...or wounded before you got off the drop zone. 443 00:34:20,641 --> 00:34:24,853 Everybody got together. We all assembled very fast. 444 00:34:25,104 --> 00:34:28,648 We moved out towards the Wilhelmina Canal. 445 00:34:28,816 --> 00:34:34,237 Our mission was, first, to take a bridge over the Wilhelmina Canal. 446 00:34:34,447 --> 00:34:37,240 It took us hours to get there. 447 00:34:37,408 --> 00:34:41,036 And taking hours to get there, the few German troops... 448 00:34:41,287 --> 00:34:45,665 ...that were securing this bridge had plenty of time... 449 00:34:45,833 --> 00:34:48,668 ...to set their charges to blow the thing up. 450 00:34:48,878 --> 00:34:53,131 And just as we got to it, I was maybe 1 50 yards away... 451 00:34:53,299 --> 00:34:55,509 ...it blew up in our faces. 452 00:34:59,764 --> 00:35:04,142 Rocks and timbers were flying and falling all around you... 453 00:35:04,310 --> 00:35:10,107 ...and you can't help but think, "My God, what a way to die in combat... 454 00:35:10,274 --> 00:35:14,528 ...to be killed with a flying timber." 455 00:35:15,530 --> 00:35:17,072 We were that close. 456 00:35:17,281 --> 00:35:21,743 It delayed us until morning. We wanted to get across that night... 457 00:35:21,953 --> 00:35:26,206 ...but it took us till the next morning to get across. 458 00:35:26,457 --> 00:35:30,544 But once we got in, the Dutch-- 459 00:35:31,546 --> 00:35:34,297 It was just marvelous, their reaction. 460 00:35:34,549 --> 00:35:37,801 They loved Americans, and still do... 461 00:35:38,052 --> 00:35:43,306 ...for coming in there and pushing the Germans out. 462 00:35:49,730 --> 00:35:53,024 They called us "angels from the sky," which we were. 463 00:35:53,276 --> 00:35:58,113 I mean, you're under German occupation for four years, right? 464 00:35:58,322 --> 00:36:01,783 It's horrible, and you see paratroopers come out of the sky. 465 00:36:02,994 --> 00:36:06,746 Who were they? They were the angels. They loved you. 466 00:36:06,998 --> 00:36:09,416 Their welcome was unbelievable. 467 00:36:09,584 --> 00:36:15,255 They couldn't restrain how happy they were to see you. 468 00:36:15,423 --> 00:36:18,091 It was hard to get down the streets... 469 00:36:18,259 --> 00:36:20,844 ...because the people were swarming over us... 470 00:36:21,053 --> 00:36:23,638 ...trying to congratulate us for being there. 471 00:36:23,848 --> 00:36:27,434 They hugged you and kissed you, and we didn't mind. 472 00:36:27,602 --> 00:36:30,478 Naturally, we was young, We didn't mind at all. 473 00:36:30,938 --> 00:36:34,274 And they were really proud to see us in there... 474 00:36:34,483 --> 00:36:38,153 ...to the point where it was dangerous for us... 475 00:36:38,446 --> 00:36:42,157 ...trying to clean out the town because snipers did damage... 476 00:36:42,325 --> 00:36:44,451 ...in a situation like that. 477 00:36:56,881 --> 00:37:01,301 We had a lot of fighting because we're on the Rhine River... 478 00:37:01,469 --> 00:37:03,637 ...and Germany is across the river. 479 00:37:03,846 --> 00:37:07,474 They're fighting like heck to keep us out of Germany. 480 00:37:07,767 --> 00:37:13,480 It's called "The Island." We called it The Island, and we set up... 481 00:37:13,981 --> 00:37:16,149 ...positions there. 482 00:37:16,317 --> 00:37:19,903 We had some substantial battles there. 483 00:37:20,238 --> 00:37:24,157 They could observe any movement we made during the daytime... 484 00:37:24,367 --> 00:37:27,535 ...and at their will... 485 00:37:27,703 --> 00:37:32,457 ...they could just shell us. Mortar-- Put mortar fire on us... 486 00:37:32,667 --> 00:37:36,336 ...when they had a target of opportunity. 487 00:37:36,504 --> 00:37:38,755 I heard something coming down. 488 00:37:38,965 --> 00:37:41,007 I knew what it was... 489 00:37:41,217 --> 00:37:46,012 ...a mortar shell, and l threw my arm up, like that...and went down. 490 00:37:46,180 --> 00:37:48,682 It lit within 3 feet of me, 4. 491 00:37:48,933 --> 00:37:53,853 But when it blows, it goes up like that: 492 00:37:54,146 --> 00:37:59,234 It went through my arm and hit me in the head. l was bleeding pretty good. 493 00:37:59,443 --> 00:38:02,404 Well, l was picked to go up on a dike. 494 00:38:02,655 --> 00:38:08,201 So, of course, when you get to the top, you don't expose yourself. 495 00:38:08,411 --> 00:38:11,413 I took my rifle and put my helmet on it... 496 00:38:11,664 --> 00:38:17,669 ...and put it over, even with the road, on a dike. 497 00:38:17,837 --> 00:38:21,506 No action, so I brought it back down, put the helmet on... 498 00:38:21,674 --> 00:38:23,508 ...and l sort of peeked over. 499 00:38:23,718 --> 00:38:29,264 When I peeked over, l saw a hand with a potato masher, and he threw it at me. 500 00:38:29,432 --> 00:38:32,225 I ducked. lt hit my helmet and bounced off. 501 00:38:32,393 --> 00:38:37,230 When that thing bounced off my helmet, I hollered to the guys below: 502 00:38:37,398 --> 00:38:38,606 "Live grenade." 503 00:38:38,816 --> 00:38:41,401 If Lesniewski hadn't hollered, "Grenade"... 504 00:38:41,569 --> 00:38:45,113 ...and l had enough sense to know that that's that grenade... 505 00:38:45,281 --> 00:38:50,910 ...that hit my rifle and is right in front of my face, practically... 506 00:38:51,078 --> 00:38:53,580 ...l'd have either had my head blown off... 507 00:38:53,789 --> 00:38:58,418 ...or l'd have definitely been blinded. There's no question about that... 508 00:38:58,669 --> 00:39:01,713 ...because I just got turned, just part way... 509 00:39:01,881 --> 00:39:06,468 ...and it exploded, and it caught me in the face, neck... 510 00:39:06,719 --> 00:39:09,679 ...left arm, under the arm, in the shoulder. 511 00:39:09,889 --> 00:39:13,933 I hollered for them to take off. I said, "Get the hell back." 512 00:39:14,101 --> 00:39:18,104 I had eight grenades, so l had taken them off... 513 00:39:18,272 --> 00:39:20,690 ...pulled the pins and threw them over. 514 00:39:20,941 --> 00:39:27,280 And while the grenades were rolling down or landing wherever they were... 515 00:39:27,448 --> 00:39:30,116 ...they were hitting some of the Krauts... 516 00:39:30,326 --> 00:39:33,161 ...because I could hear screaming, crying. 517 00:39:33,454 --> 00:39:37,332 I think I threw eight grenades in about four seconds. 518 00:39:37,541 --> 00:39:39,793 And then I took off running. 519 00:39:39,960 --> 00:39:43,713 So the doctor that counted the holes in me down at Nijmegen.... 520 00:39:43,881 --> 00:39:45,382 Yeah, Nijmegen. 521 00:39:45,549 --> 00:39:49,386 The first doctor that really counted the holes... 522 00:39:49,553 --> 00:39:51,763 ...said there was 32. 523 00:39:51,931 --> 00:39:57,519 That was our first experience with artillery in large numbers. 524 00:39:57,686 --> 00:40:03,650 I can remember sitting there a couple of nights listening to artillery land. 525 00:40:05,945 --> 00:40:11,324 And the 88 was the fiercest cannon that the Germans had. 526 00:40:11,492 --> 00:40:14,536 It was the way they used it, an all-purpose gun. 527 00:40:14,703 --> 00:40:18,706 It could shoot anti-aircraft tanks, anti-personnel, airburst. 528 00:40:18,874 --> 00:40:21,626 That was the bad ones, when shells went up. 529 00:40:23,337 --> 00:40:28,758 I saw a huge mushroom cloud... 530 00:40:31,178 --> 00:40:32,762 ...from the shell... 531 00:40:33,347 --> 00:40:36,641 ...and Joe Toye stepped out of it. 532 00:40:36,809 --> 00:40:40,186 I run up. I remember that like it was yesterday. 533 00:40:40,354 --> 00:40:45,024 I run up, and l grabbed him. He said, "Don't touch me." 534 00:40:45,192 --> 00:40:50,822 I said, "What's the matter?" He said, "I'm hit all over." He said, "l'm bad." 535 00:40:50,990 --> 00:40:54,033 I said, "Okay." I said, "I'm gonna go see Jim." 536 00:40:54,201 --> 00:41:00,665 He said, as bad as he was hurting, Joe Toye, he said: 537 00:41:01,250 --> 00:41:06,838 "Heffron, l already checked him. He's gone." 538 00:41:13,053 --> 00:41:18,391 Jim Campbell might be alive today if he hadn't said to me: 539 00:41:18,559 --> 00:41:23,146 "Heffron, you stay here with your gun. 540 00:41:23,564 --> 00:41:25,607 I'm going up." 541 00:41:28,569 --> 00:41:34,616 And l never, never, never-- I sleep on it, I eat on it-- 542 00:41:36,243 --> 00:41:39,621 I never, never forgot that. 543 00:41:41,165 --> 00:41:43,917 And anybody that went through it... 544 00:41:44,084 --> 00:41:49,380 ...will tell you the same thing. They can't-- 545 00:41:50,799 --> 00:41:52,675 It's just... 546 00:41:53,802 --> 00:41:59,307 ...so bad all your life, you gotta remember what one guy did... 547 00:41:59,475 --> 00:42:05,396 ...because he thought it was his job to do, and he took a shot for you. 548 00:42:16,450 --> 00:42:19,911 The exhaustion on these men, the physical exhaustion... 549 00:42:20,079 --> 00:42:25,124 ...affects their endurance to be able to cope. 550 00:42:25,501 --> 00:42:29,170 You don't realize it at the time you come off the line... 551 00:42:29,338 --> 00:42:34,634 ...from living in the mud and being absolutely miserable... 552 00:42:34,802 --> 00:42:37,845 ...for 70 days straight. 553 00:42:38,055 --> 00:42:41,474 You didn't realize that you'd only be off the line... 554 00:42:41,642 --> 00:42:45,895 ...for a few days, and you're gonna be facing Bastogne. 555 00:42:51,652 --> 00:42:57,448 This is the last desperate action of the Germans... 556 00:42:57,616 --> 00:43:01,077 ...to turn the tide of this whole war. 557 00:43:45,497 --> 00:43:48,708 What it is, it is Bastogne. lt is-- 558 00:43:48,876 --> 00:43:53,796 -This is Bo Jack's woods, right? -lt is the woods. 559 00:43:53,964 --> 00:43:56,924 Sure looks different now. There ain't no snow. 560 00:43:58,510 --> 00:44:00,887 These trees might've been replanted. 561 00:44:01,055 --> 00:44:06,351 I think if the trees look like they did in '44 or '45... 562 00:44:06,518 --> 00:44:09,103 ...we could get a better idea. 563 00:44:09,897 --> 00:44:12,774 -That's it. -Yeah. 564 00:44:13,984 --> 00:44:15,526 That's the town of Foy. 565 00:44:16,278 --> 00:44:20,490 Oh, this is definitely the area. This is definitely. 566 00:44:21,241 --> 00:44:27,163 There's the town of Foy, after the empty field, where those cattle are grazing. 567 00:44:27,331 --> 00:44:28,831 About half a mile away. 568 00:44:28,999 --> 00:44:33,503 Yeah, we had an outpost set up looking right into the town of Foy. 569 00:44:33,671 --> 00:44:38,341 They had to watch everything because we'd come in here and sleep. 570 00:44:38,509 --> 00:44:43,304 We had our foxholes right over here, and the other area and the other. 571 00:44:43,472 --> 00:44:47,266 Wherever we had to move out and dig in again... 572 00:44:47,434 --> 00:44:50,061 ...because the Krauts had artillery. 573 00:44:50,229 --> 00:44:53,356 Most intense l ever went through here, shelling. 574 00:44:53,524 --> 00:44:57,944 Most intense in the world. Couldn't believe it. You had to be here. 575 00:44:58,112 --> 00:45:01,531 You just dove in the hole and prayed, and that's it. 576 00:45:01,699 --> 00:45:04,283 If it comes in, you ain't gonna know it. 577 00:45:04,451 --> 00:45:09,122 We lost Muck and Penkala over on this side. They were killed instantly. 578 00:45:09,289 --> 00:45:13,084 The shell went down, direct hit right in the hole. 579 00:45:13,252 --> 00:45:16,713 -Made mush out of them. -Luz come over and hollered: 580 00:45:16,880 --> 00:45:20,007 "I can't see nothing of them, nothing there." 581 00:45:20,175 --> 00:45:22,969 They were all gone, just disintegrated. 582 00:45:23,137 --> 00:45:25,471 Unmerciful shelling, really. 583 00:45:25,764 --> 00:45:32,103 Everything out here was shredded. Yeah, shredded by it. 584 00:45:36,775 --> 00:45:39,485 I tell you, it's an odd feeling. 585 00:45:40,279 --> 00:45:46,200 To me, it brings a lot of memories, memories of the men, the times... 586 00:45:46,368 --> 00:45:49,328 ...good and bad, a lot of memories. 587 00:45:59,006 --> 00:46:03,551 It was the most miserable place I've ever been in my life, even today. 588 00:46:04,094 --> 00:46:06,846 On a real cold night, we go to bed... 589 00:46:07,014 --> 00:46:12,101 ...and my wife will tell you, I'll say, "l'm glad l'm not in Bastogne." 590 00:46:12,311 --> 00:46:16,189 The Germans wanted Bastogne because of the road network. 591 00:46:16,356 --> 00:46:19,025 That's why it was such an objective. 592 00:46:19,193 --> 00:46:22,987 So that's where we had to hold, which we did. 593 00:46:27,367 --> 00:46:33,831 31 8 trucks come in around noontime, and by that evening... 594 00:46:33,999 --> 00:46:37,502 ...everybody was loaded and moving out. 595 00:46:37,669 --> 00:46:39,837 We were short of equipment. 596 00:46:40,005 --> 00:46:44,217 We didn't have enough ammunition or enough warm clothes. 597 00:46:44,384 --> 00:46:48,554 But we had confidence that our... 598 00:46:48,722 --> 00:46:53,518 ...higher military authorities would get to us whatever we needed. 599 00:46:53,685 --> 00:46:57,647 When we got up there, we didn't know what we were getting into. 600 00:46:57,815 --> 00:47:00,024 There was very little information... 601 00:47:00,192 --> 00:47:02,568 ...only that the Germans had broken through. 602 00:47:02,736 --> 00:47:07,615 We went down, loaded on the trucks. Another truck came by with weapons... 603 00:47:07,783 --> 00:47:12,870 ...and pitched weapons. You catch one, that's what you got until Bastogne. 604 00:47:13,038 --> 00:47:16,499 As it worked out, there was some men who actually... 605 00:47:16,667 --> 00:47:21,295 ...got on the trucks and left for Bastogne that didn't have a rifle. 606 00:47:26,051 --> 00:47:30,263 When we got there, we saw men singly and in twos and threes... 607 00:47:30,430 --> 00:47:34,225 ...working their way back, some of them without weapons... 608 00:47:34,393 --> 00:47:36,060 ...without equipment. 609 00:47:36,228 --> 00:47:38,062 Some of them were terrified. 610 00:47:38,605 --> 00:47:42,108 They were beat to a nub. Every one of them were saying: 611 00:47:42,276 --> 00:47:45,278 "They're gonna kill everybody. Running over everybody." 612 00:47:45,445 --> 00:47:50,658 They couldn't believe, when they saw us up there, that we intended... 613 00:47:50,826 --> 00:47:53,786 ...to set up lines and stop the Germans. 614 00:47:53,954 --> 00:47:55,830 They said they couldn't be stopped. 615 00:47:55,998 --> 00:48:00,084 We went in and started taking up their weapons and ammunition. 616 00:48:00,252 --> 00:48:05,423 Asking the retreating guys, "You got any extra ammunition or grenades?" 617 00:48:05,591 --> 00:48:09,677 You could hear the firing going on up ahead, and we're marching... 618 00:48:09,887 --> 00:48:11,888 ...to it with little ammunition. 619 00:48:12,055 --> 00:48:17,310 We marched through the night, went to the front of Bastogne and dug in. 620 00:48:17,477 --> 00:48:19,145 And then it snowed. 621 00:48:19,313 --> 00:48:24,150 Snow, cold up to your rump. 622 00:48:24,318 --> 00:48:27,486 We didn't have no winter clothing or nothing. 623 00:48:27,654 --> 00:48:30,990 A third of the doggone casualties was either... 624 00:48:31,158 --> 00:48:35,077 ...frostbite or trench foot, whatever you want to call it. 625 00:48:35,245 --> 00:48:39,665 Bad move. A lot of snow... 626 00:48:39,833 --> 00:48:43,085 ...a lot of everything you didn't like. 627 00:48:43,962 --> 00:48:46,172 It was a cold place. 628 00:48:46,340 --> 00:48:50,343 At this particular time, we was on top of kind of a hill... 629 00:48:50,510 --> 00:48:53,846 ...and the top of the hill had pine trees. 630 00:48:54,014 --> 00:48:57,600 We set up our positions around the fringe of the woods. 631 00:48:57,768 --> 00:49:01,520 In Belgium, trees are planted. They don't grow like in Maine. 632 00:49:01,688 --> 00:49:03,481 There are rows of trees. 633 00:49:03,649 --> 00:49:06,317 You look down a row and can see half a mile. 634 00:49:06,485 --> 00:49:10,029 On top of this hill, there was a ridge with a tree line. 635 00:49:10,197 --> 00:49:11,822 We were dug in there. 636 00:49:11,990 --> 00:49:17,536 The Germans knew right where we were, and they really gave us a shellacking. 637 00:49:21,875 --> 00:49:24,794 To an infantryman... 638 00:49:25,754 --> 00:49:30,007 ...in wartime, the mother earth is your best friend. 639 00:49:33,261 --> 00:49:36,889 You could always dig a hole and get out of sight, you know. 640 00:49:37,057 --> 00:49:40,267 We dug plenty of those. 641 00:49:44,231 --> 00:49:46,732 You get through hard ground quickly... 642 00:49:46,900 --> 00:49:50,027 ...when someone's shooting, and shells are falling. 643 00:49:50,195 --> 00:49:54,115 You can make fast work of it. We just have to dig that hole. 644 00:49:54,282 --> 00:49:57,660 We say we became experts on foreign European soil. 645 00:49:57,828 --> 00:50:01,580 We dug in, and two people could dig better than one. 646 00:50:01,748 --> 00:50:06,419 In ground that's frozen, it takes a while. You just chip it out. 647 00:50:06,586 --> 00:50:10,589 By the time you finish, they whistle to you, "We're moving out." 648 00:50:10,757 --> 00:50:13,592 And you go someplace else and dig another one. 649 00:50:13,760 --> 00:50:16,262 You must understand, the Germans were-- 650 00:50:16,430 --> 00:50:21,142 We were surrounded. The Germans were maybe 1 00 yards away from us. 651 00:50:21,309 --> 00:50:26,689 No matter where you looked in a circle, you could see artillery flashes. 652 00:50:26,857 --> 00:50:30,776 So we knew from that that we were surrounded. 653 00:50:30,944 --> 00:50:34,822 But we went through a couple of shellings at Bastogne... 654 00:50:34,990 --> 00:50:39,160 ...that were earthshaking. 655 00:50:39,327 --> 00:50:43,914 If you lived through them, you remember them for the rest of your life. 656 00:50:44,082 --> 00:50:47,668 I'm not sure you're the same for the rest of your life... 657 00:50:47,836 --> 00:50:51,422 ...after you live through them. You never forget them. 658 00:50:51,590 --> 00:50:55,384 There was one moment I remember. l'll never forget it. 659 00:50:55,552 --> 00:50:58,304 One guy got hit in the arm with shrapnel... 660 00:50:58,472 --> 00:51:01,140 ...took his arm off above the elbow. 661 00:51:01,308 --> 00:51:05,311 They were taking him out, he said, "Get my watch off my arm." 662 00:51:05,479 --> 00:51:07,229 Before they took him out. 663 00:51:07,397 --> 00:51:10,441 That always stayed with me. 664 00:51:10,609 --> 00:51:15,362 I mean, calm voice and everything, "Get my watch off my arm." 665 00:51:16,865 --> 00:51:22,536 On the 3rd of January, we withdrew back to our former positions... 666 00:51:22,704 --> 00:51:28,501 ...there, up the hill from Foy. And when we got there... 667 00:51:28,668 --> 00:51:34,048 ...we could see that the Germans had zeroed in artillery there. 668 00:51:34,216 --> 00:51:38,594 Trees were knocked down. There were holes in the ground. 669 00:51:38,762 --> 00:51:41,764 It was right at dusk, and the Germans had this.... 670 00:51:41,932 --> 00:51:45,893 This woods of ours zeroed in completely. 671 00:51:46,061 --> 00:51:50,189 And as we hit the woods, this tremendous artillery attack came. 672 00:51:56,905 --> 00:51:59,115 They knew where we were... 673 00:51:59,282 --> 00:52:03,369 ...and started shooting, point-blank, 88s into our area. 674 00:52:03,537 --> 00:52:07,123 They let us have it. Everything, the kitchen sink... 675 00:52:07,290 --> 00:52:11,210 ...mortars, a rocket thing with a screaming sound. 676 00:52:14,172 --> 00:52:18,509 It scared the hell-- I was scared, but I think I was petrified then. 677 00:52:18,677 --> 00:52:22,096 I thought the whole world was shooting at us at once. 678 00:52:22,305 --> 00:52:27,560 I jumped into a foxhole somebody had started and hadn't finished. 679 00:52:27,727 --> 00:52:33,190 So l was crouched down in that foxhole, but it wouldn't hold all of me. 680 00:52:33,358 --> 00:52:36,110 From about my nose up was above the ground. 681 00:52:36,278 --> 00:52:39,238 I could see all these shells hitting. 682 00:52:44,411 --> 00:52:47,746 Sgt. Guarnere and Joe Toye each lost a leg... 683 00:52:47,914 --> 00:52:51,709 ...in the same place, right there on one hill. l remember. 684 00:52:51,877 --> 00:52:53,711 Just this certain instance. 685 00:52:53,920 --> 00:52:59,675 Joe got caught not near his hole, and Bill and I were ahead of him... 686 00:52:59,843 --> 00:53:02,428 ...and Bill had not been hit. 687 00:53:02,596 --> 00:53:06,807 He came up out of his hole quickly. We were still under heavy fire. 688 00:53:07,058 --> 00:53:10,311 Joe said, "Jesus Christ... 689 00:53:10,478 --> 00:53:13,939 ...what do l have to do to die?" 690 00:53:14,107 --> 00:53:16,734 He got hit real bad in the back of his leg. 691 00:53:16,902 --> 00:53:20,571 He's out hollering, "Medic," and he can't find a medic. 692 00:53:20,739 --> 00:53:24,867 I went out to see what I could do for him...I got it too. 693 00:53:27,954 --> 00:53:31,707 I went over to Guarnere. He was sitting on the ground. 694 00:53:31,875 --> 00:53:35,294 His leg was badly mangled. 695 00:53:35,462 --> 00:53:39,673 He was holding his leg, and it was jerking like that: 696 00:53:44,596 --> 00:53:49,808 He said, "Lip, they got old Guarnere this time." 697 00:53:49,976 --> 00:53:54,521 He had been hit before, but they really got him there. 698 00:53:56,983 --> 00:54:01,570 We got him out of there, Babe Heffron and l and some others. 699 00:54:01,738 --> 00:54:07,785 And they brought a jeep down, and we put him on stretchers. 700 00:54:11,915 --> 00:54:16,835 I better not talk about him. 701 00:54:17,003 --> 00:54:19,171 It was terrible. 702 00:54:25,303 --> 00:54:28,973 We had lost some very good men there. 703 00:54:29,140 --> 00:54:32,559 Toye and Guarnere had lost their legs there. 704 00:54:32,727 --> 00:54:38,607 A number of other people were killed. It was a difficult situation there. 705 00:54:38,775 --> 00:54:42,987 When a man was wounded, we felt glad for them... 706 00:54:43,154 --> 00:54:44,947 ...we felt happy for them. 707 00:54:45,115 --> 00:54:51,495 He had a ticket to get out of there, and maybe a ticket to go home. 708 00:54:51,663 --> 00:54:54,957 And when we had a man who was killed... 709 00:54:55,125 --> 00:54:59,628 ...we found that he was at peace. 710 00:54:59,796 --> 00:55:02,715 And he looked so peaceful. 711 00:55:03,591 --> 00:55:07,886 And we were glad that he found peace. 712 00:55:13,059 --> 00:55:15,311 We had this... 713 00:55:15,478 --> 00:55:18,897 ...assistant squad leader, name of Mellet. 714 00:55:19,065 --> 00:55:21,984 He was from New York City. 715 00:55:22,152 --> 00:55:24,862 And l overheard him talking one time... 716 00:55:25,030 --> 00:55:29,033 ...this was in Bastogne, he says: 717 00:55:29,200 --> 00:55:32,328 "I been through... 718 00:55:32,495 --> 00:55:35,622 ...Normandy and went through Holland... 719 00:55:35,790 --> 00:55:38,751 ...and to this day, I haven't got one scratch." 720 00:55:38,918 --> 00:55:44,465 He says, "I'm afraid when l do get it, I'm really gonna get it." 721 00:55:44,632 --> 00:55:46,425 And he was right. 722 00:55:46,593 --> 00:55:51,263 In this little town of Foy, he got killed. 723 00:55:55,643 --> 00:56:00,939 I don't think he had any premonition of it. He just wondered about it. 724 00:56:01,107 --> 00:56:03,150 But l never did wonder. 725 00:56:03,318 --> 00:56:09,073 Never give it much thought. You just live from day to day. 726 00:56:11,284 --> 00:56:16,038 Keep your fingers crossed, and that was it. 727 00:56:34,766 --> 00:56:39,978 I have the honor to present the supreme commander, Gen. Eisenhower. 728 00:56:43,483 --> 00:56:48,779 It is a great personal honor for me to be here today. 729 00:56:48,947 --> 00:56:54,827 To take part in a ceremony that is unique in American history. 730 00:56:54,994 --> 00:56:58,872 Never before has a full division... 731 00:56:59,040 --> 00:57:01,583 ...been cited by the War Department... 732 00:57:01,751 --> 00:57:05,546 ...in the name of the president for gallantry in action. 733 00:57:05,713 --> 00:57:09,842 This day marks the beginning of a new tradition... 734 00:57:10,009 --> 00:57:12,594 ...in the American Army. 735 00:57:12,762 --> 00:57:16,807 With that tradition will always be associated the name... 736 00:57:16,975 --> 00:57:22,020 ...of the 1 01 st Airborne Division and of Bastogne. 737 00:57:22,188 --> 00:57:25,607 Good luck and God be with each of you. 738 00:57:34,367 --> 00:57:39,455 The Germans had started to surrender. They still had their arms... 739 00:57:39,622 --> 00:57:44,960 ...but as you're going down the autobahn... 740 00:57:45,128 --> 00:57:51,508 ...there was almost a solid line of German troops coming north. 741 00:57:51,885 --> 00:57:57,055 And our job is to get to the end and get to the heart of it. 742 00:58:01,019 --> 00:58:04,688 Berchtesgaden, that's the end of the line. 743 00:58:04,856 --> 00:58:09,109 It's the retreat that Hitler had for himself. 744 00:58:09,277 --> 00:58:12,529 And he built his Eagle's Nest... 745 00:58:12,697 --> 00:58:16,909 ...his penthouse on top of the Alp... 746 00:58:17,076 --> 00:58:22,206 ...to, I'm sure, relax and confer with his staff... 747 00:58:22,373 --> 00:58:25,667 ...because they all followed him to Berchtesgaden. 748 00:58:25,835 --> 00:58:29,046 This was their final retreat. 749 00:58:29,297 --> 00:58:32,674 Of course, this is where they had their loot as well. 750 00:58:32,926 --> 00:58:37,304 This was the goal of the French, who were on our right flank. 751 00:58:37,472 --> 00:58:41,975 This was the goal of the British. 752 00:58:42,143 --> 00:58:47,022 And this is the place to capture. This is the one everybody wanted. 753 00:58:47,190 --> 00:58:49,441 Hitler's Berchtesgaden retreat... 754 00:58:49,609 --> 00:58:52,694 ...burned by SS troops in the war's last days. 755 00:58:52,862 --> 00:58:57,199 The chalet from which he hoped to rule the world now lies in ruins. 756 00:58:57,367 --> 00:59:00,619 American Air Force's pictures show the gutted rooms... 757 00:59:00,787 --> 00:59:05,582 ...and the great window through which the führer gazed out on the Alps. 758 00:59:05,792 --> 00:59:11,296 We took Berchtesgaden May the 5th, no fighting, no shooting. 759 00:59:11,464 --> 00:59:14,633 The only thing I seen of Berchtesgaden was a couple... 760 00:59:14,842 --> 00:59:19,054 ...dead SS troopers laying on the road as we were going up. 761 00:59:19,305 --> 00:59:24,643 It was beautiful country. He knew how to pick out a good spot for a house. 762 00:59:24,811 --> 00:59:29,940 We took over his house... 763 00:59:30,108 --> 00:59:32,359 ...and liberated it, you might say. 764 00:59:32,569 --> 00:59:37,489 There was, obviously, loot of all kinds... 765 00:59:37,657 --> 00:59:42,744 ...that the men were looking for, such as guns.... 766 00:59:42,912 --> 00:59:46,039 There was money that they were looting. 767 00:59:46,207 --> 00:59:49,543 I was a pack rat anyway. I picked up a lot of German items... 768 00:59:49,711 --> 00:59:54,131 ...including some post cards and envelopes addressed to Hitler. 769 00:59:54,299 --> 00:59:57,718 Come to find out, that place was full of big art... 770 00:59:57,885 --> 01:00:02,431 ...Rembrandt and all those people hanging on the wall. 771 01:00:02,599 --> 01:00:06,560 Old soldiers like us, we don't recognize a painting when we see it. 772 01:00:06,728 --> 01:00:11,523 The 1 01 st Airborne Division uncovers Hermann Goering's art collection... 773 01:00:11,691 --> 01:00:14,359 ...hidden in a subterranean chamber. 774 01:00:14,527 --> 01:00:18,155 Twelve hundred artworks worth millions are included. 775 01:00:18,323 --> 01:00:23,285 The treasures will go back to rightful owners in pillaged nations. 776 01:00:25,663 --> 01:00:31,627 We found a warehouse full of gin and vodka and stuff like that. 777 01:00:31,794 --> 01:00:34,880 Wasn't much whiskey. Those people don't like it. 778 01:00:35,048 --> 01:00:37,758 And we took it all and set up a bar. 779 01:00:37,925 --> 01:00:41,094 Had seven truckloads of champagne and cognac... 780 01:00:41,262 --> 01:00:45,724 ...out of the wine cellars out of the Eagle's Nest. 781 01:00:46,142 --> 01:00:48,977 So we stayed pretty well oiled for a while. 782 01:00:49,145 --> 01:00:52,314 Oh, that champagne was good. Oh, that was good. 783 01:00:52,482 --> 01:00:57,819 I started drinking it one day, and l drank until about midnight that night. 784 01:00:57,987 --> 01:01:02,866 I went to the back and went to sleep. I didn't wake up the next day. 785 01:01:03,034 --> 01:01:06,328 I made a two-day thing out of it. 786 01:01:06,496 --> 01:01:11,750 It didn't taste like it would hurt you. It tasted like ginger ale. 787 01:01:11,918 --> 01:01:16,213 That was the only time I remember, when l was in service... 788 01:01:16,381 --> 01:01:18,799 ...that the company fell out in their underwear. 789 01:01:18,966 --> 01:01:21,677 We didn't even have to dress, you know. 790 01:01:21,844 --> 01:01:27,641 Everybody was looped, and so we fell out in line formation in our underwear. 791 01:01:27,809 --> 01:01:31,061 They're enjoying themselves. They're at peace with the world. 792 01:01:31,229 --> 01:01:35,440 They have a big, happy, satisfied grin on their face. 793 01:01:35,608 --> 01:01:39,736 It was a paradise for a soldier to move into. 794 01:01:40,613 --> 01:01:45,826 I had no problem with the looting, because l came down through Germany. 795 01:01:45,993 --> 01:01:50,789 And l had seen the Holocaust. 796 01:01:51,666 --> 01:01:56,545 And l had seen what the Germans had done to the Jewish race. 797 01:01:56,713 --> 01:02:02,300 And l had seen what they had done to the displaced persons... 798 01:02:02,468 --> 01:02:06,263 ...and what they had done in their occupation of France. 799 01:02:06,431 --> 01:02:12,686 And what they had done to their occupation in Holland, Belgium. 800 01:02:14,272 --> 01:02:19,401 So that by taking over their homes for a few nights... 801 01:02:19,569 --> 01:02:22,612 ...to bed down my men.... 802 01:02:22,780 --> 01:02:27,826 And if they picked up a few trinkets, l had no problem. 803 01:02:39,005 --> 01:02:45,051 Nobody has ever taken their time to tell you how to handle a surrender. 804 01:02:47,013 --> 01:02:53,435 We'll talk about it when we get there. Here we are. How do you handle this? 805 01:02:58,941 --> 01:03:01,777 The German army was a well-disciplined army. 806 01:03:01,944 --> 01:03:04,613 Those prisoners that come down out of the Alps... 807 01:03:04,781 --> 01:03:07,657 ...they came down in formation. They marched down. 808 01:03:07,825 --> 01:03:11,369 They didn't drag down or nothing like that. 809 01:03:11,537 --> 01:03:16,541 They came down as defeated soldiers. 810 01:03:16,709 --> 01:03:21,171 We thought the Germans were the evilest people in the world... 811 01:03:21,339 --> 01:03:26,802 ...but as the war went along, we found out also, it wasn't the Germans... 812 01:03:26,969 --> 01:03:31,556 ...per se, it was the SS and the special troops. 813 01:03:31,724 --> 01:03:36,019 They were the ones that could kill their own people... 814 01:03:36,187 --> 01:03:40,982 ...and the regular German soldier was not that way. 815 01:03:41,150 --> 01:03:44,694 One of those prisoners handed me this little book... 816 01:03:44,862 --> 01:03:48,406 ...and it was a Catholic prayer book for the Mass. 817 01:03:48,574 --> 01:03:53,537 And l realized, "Hey, l haven't got Nazis here. l've got some Catholics." 818 01:03:53,704 --> 01:03:57,624 And l've got a Catholic good enough to stick one of these in his pocket. 819 01:03:57,792 --> 01:04:03,463 I've thought we might've been friends. We might've had a lot in common. 820 01:04:03,631 --> 01:04:08,760 We might've liked to fish. He might've liked to hunt. You never know. 821 01:04:08,928 --> 01:04:13,765 They did what they were supposed to, and l did what l was supposed to. 822 01:04:13,933 --> 01:04:19,437 But under different circumstances, we might've been good friends. 823 01:04:20,314 --> 01:04:23,942 I have a great deal of respect for them as soldiers. 824 01:04:24,110 --> 01:04:27,070 They were very good soldiers. 825 01:04:27,238 --> 01:04:29,698 But they're still enemy... 826 01:04:30,032 --> 01:04:35,745 ...so they must be controlled as prisoners. 827 01:04:36,122 --> 01:04:41,459 When it reached the level of surrender for company... 828 01:04:41,627 --> 01:04:43,795 ...and smaller units... 829 01:04:43,963 --> 01:04:47,132 ...l was assigned this major... 830 01:04:47,300 --> 01:04:50,886 ...and when he walked in... 831 01:04:51,053 --> 01:04:54,180 ...he presented me this pistol... 832 01:04:54,348 --> 01:05:00,312 ...and offered his personal surrender... 833 01:05:03,274 --> 01:05:09,237 ...which, naturally, I accepted gratefully. 834 01:05:09,572 --> 01:05:13,992 So that would be the end of the war for his men... 835 01:05:14,160 --> 01:05:17,746 ...and this is basically the end of the war for my men. 836 01:05:17,914 --> 01:05:20,206 And the significance is... 837 01:05:20,374 --> 01:05:25,086 ...it wasn't until later, after he gave me his pistol and l had a chance... 838 01:05:25,296 --> 01:05:29,507 ...to look at it carefully, that I realized this pistol... 839 01:05:29,675 --> 01:05:32,052 ...had never been fired. 840 01:05:32,595 --> 01:05:35,305 There was no blood on it. 841 01:05:36,974 --> 01:05:40,143 That's the way all wars should end... 842 01:05:40,311 --> 01:05:43,688 ...with an agreement with no blood on it. 843 01:05:43,856 --> 01:05:47,734 And l assure you, this pistol has never, never been fired... 844 01:05:47,902 --> 01:05:52,364 ...since l've had it, and it will not be fired. 845 01:06:06,087 --> 01:06:08,546 We didn't come home and flout ourselves. 846 01:06:08,714 --> 01:06:11,424 I didn't come home and say I was a war hero. 847 01:06:11,592 --> 01:06:16,054 I came home and went back to it like we did before war. Just go to work... 848 01:06:16,222 --> 01:06:18,390 ...and live our life. 849 01:06:19,350 --> 01:06:23,061 I think it was difficult for most fellows coming back. 850 01:06:23,229 --> 01:06:28,400 They didn't know what they were going to do when they got out. l didn't. 851 01:06:28,567 --> 01:06:30,568 Went to work for a coal company. 852 01:06:30,736 --> 01:06:34,239 Did some bartendering and ran a pool hall. 853 01:06:34,407 --> 01:06:37,367 Took up a course in ornamental horticulture. 854 01:06:37,535 --> 01:06:41,746 It didn't pay very much, but I met a lot of nice people. 855 01:06:44,625 --> 01:06:47,919 I went to work where I was working before the war. 856 01:06:48,087 --> 01:06:49,963 It was Caterpillar Tractor Company. 857 01:06:50,131 --> 01:06:53,425 I became an industrial arts and social studies teacher. 858 01:06:53,592 --> 01:06:57,095 The spring of '46, l took a boat to Ketchikan, Alaska. 859 01:06:57,263 --> 01:07:01,683 I went to work for the government, a letter carrier for 37 years. 860 01:07:01,851 --> 01:07:06,771 I built homes. l was in construction. I went into hard work, tedious work. 861 01:07:06,939 --> 01:07:10,442 I'd done everything. You name it, l done it. 862 01:07:11,861 --> 01:07:14,279 I ended up working on the waterfront. 863 01:07:14,447 --> 01:07:16,698 I went with the ClA in Washington. 864 01:07:16,866 --> 01:07:18,616 Got my degree in 1 948. 865 01:07:18,784 --> 01:07:21,745 After the war, l taught for almost 30 years. 866 01:07:21,912 --> 01:07:24,873 Got a job working for Nixon Nitration Works. 867 01:07:25,041 --> 01:07:28,043 I was making $75 a week. 868 01:07:28,210 --> 01:07:30,837 We've never become wealthy in life... 869 01:07:31,005 --> 01:07:35,133 ...but we have a lot of other wealth that means more than that. 870 01:07:35,301 --> 01:07:40,096 Everyone done well, I done well too, thank God. 871 01:07:48,272 --> 01:07:49,981 I want to welcome you... 872 01:07:50,149 --> 01:07:55,361 ...to our banquet tonight to celebrate the ending of a fine reunion. 873 01:07:55,529 --> 01:07:57,322 Thank you all for coming. 874 01:07:57,490 --> 01:08:01,034 I want to extend the best wishes to all the men from company E506. 875 01:08:01,202 --> 01:08:04,829 I love you, God bless you all. Thank you. 876 01:08:05,956 --> 01:08:08,291 The purpose the reunions serve... 877 01:08:08,459 --> 01:08:12,337 ...is to give us a chance to get together and talk to each other. 878 01:08:12,505 --> 01:08:17,342 We relive some of the Army experiences. 879 01:08:17,510 --> 01:08:20,887 But we have great respect... 880 01:08:21,055 --> 01:08:24,516 ...and, you might say, affection for each other. 881 01:08:24,683 --> 01:08:28,144 The type of affection you get when you've lived through... 882 01:08:28,312 --> 01:08:31,106 ...many dangerous situations together... 883 01:08:31,273 --> 01:08:34,400 ...and have learned that you can rely on each other. 884 01:08:34,568 --> 01:08:40,031 If you see them today, that bond's there. The bond you can't explain. 885 01:08:40,199 --> 01:08:45,453 Soon as you see them, you're thinking of battles, thinking of it to yourself. 886 01:08:45,621 --> 01:08:48,164 The men stand out amongst each other. 887 01:08:48,332 --> 01:08:53,461 There's an intimacy develops and like nothing that l've ever experienced... 888 01:08:53,629 --> 01:08:57,924 ...not in college, not with any other group of people. 889 01:08:58,092 --> 01:09:02,720 We're a strange bunch of dudes, as far as I'm concerned. 890 01:09:02,888 --> 01:09:09,144 To be this close after all these years, that's the thing that gets me... 891 01:09:09,311 --> 01:09:11,938 ...is we're like brothers. 892 01:09:12,106 --> 01:09:13,773 I'm back in my youth now. 893 01:09:13,941 --> 01:09:18,111 When I get to these guys, I'm back when l went in the service. 894 01:09:18,863 --> 01:09:23,992 It's fantastic. I'd like to make 20 more reunions. 895 01:09:24,160 --> 01:09:28,079 We had a lot of real good times in there. 896 01:09:28,247 --> 01:09:31,624 Those are the times you really remember, you know? 897 01:09:31,792 --> 01:09:36,880 A lot of those is what we kid each other about at these reunions a lot. 898 01:09:37,047 --> 01:09:40,675 And then you had a lot of bad times. 899 01:09:40,968 --> 01:09:44,387 My family didn't know anything about it... 900 01:09:44,555 --> 01:09:47,098 ...and l just didn't tell them. 901 01:09:47,266 --> 01:09:50,185 I just, you know, figured it was something... 902 01:09:50,352 --> 01:09:54,105 ...that didn't need talking about. It was done, over with. 903 01:09:54,273 --> 01:09:58,610 We didn't know Shifty the way the men knew Shifty, you know. 904 01:09:58,777 --> 01:10:03,615 He started talking about it just in the last five or six years. 905 01:10:03,782 --> 01:10:05,700 Last five, l'd say. 906 01:10:05,868 --> 01:10:09,787 It was like he-- That was another life, you know. 907 01:10:09,955 --> 01:10:15,877 He was another person, and we weren't aware of the stuff he went through... 908 01:10:16,045 --> 01:10:17,837 ...things he had seen. 909 01:10:18,005 --> 01:10:22,133 It didn't even dawn on me that he had killed people. 910 01:10:22,301 --> 01:10:26,012 I really admire my dad, my daddy. 911 01:10:26,180 --> 01:10:30,141 He's a good guy. He's a real strong guy. 912 01:10:30,309 --> 01:10:34,687 We travel a lot, and we've been to France and to that cemetery. 913 01:10:34,855 --> 01:10:39,651 It's incredible. There's crosses upon crosses lined up perfectly... 914 01:10:39,818 --> 01:10:45,531 ...as far as the eye can see, and then there's a cliff and the ocean. 915 01:10:46,116 --> 01:10:48,910 These weren't just anonymous statistics. 916 01:10:49,078 --> 01:10:52,956 These were people I knew, and l told my daughter, l said: 917 01:10:53,123 --> 01:10:57,460 "This guy here died at age 1 9 or 20." 918 01:10:57,628 --> 01:11:01,089 A whole life never lived. 919 01:11:01,257 --> 01:11:04,133 No family... 920 01:11:04,301 --> 01:11:05,510 ...nothing. 921 01:11:05,678 --> 01:11:07,887 No children... 922 01:11:08,055 --> 01:11:13,643 ...no opportunity to have satisfaction in building a life, nothing. 923 01:11:14,103 --> 01:11:18,106 When I went there, I said, "Dad, my gosh, you were so lucky." 924 01:11:18,274 --> 01:11:21,401 He looked at me and said, "Yeah, l'm very lucky." 925 01:11:21,568 --> 01:11:23,987 And he started crying. 926 01:11:25,739 --> 01:11:29,284 These guys have been together in the absolute base experiences... 927 01:11:29,451 --> 01:11:32,745 ...of human existence. They were there with each other... 928 01:11:32,913 --> 01:11:37,875 ...thinking you're gonna die or seeing people dying all around you. 929 01:11:38,043 --> 01:11:41,212 And there they went day after day... 930 01:11:42,548 --> 01:11:46,801 ...and l admire that and held my father, even on his tombstone... 931 01:11:46,969 --> 01:11:50,805 ...as Sgt. Joe Toye. 932 01:11:52,766 --> 01:11:55,727 506 PIR 1 01st Airborne Division. 933 01:11:55,894 --> 01:12:00,982 That's what he wanted on his tombstone. It meant that much to him. 934 01:12:11,160 --> 01:12:15,163 How it happened that those various individuals... 935 01:12:15,331 --> 01:12:17,874 ...ended up in E Company, I don't know. 936 01:12:18,042 --> 01:12:23,046 But as you know, every Army unit thinks it's the best... 937 01:12:23,213 --> 01:12:26,341 ...but we knew we were the best. 938 01:12:30,512 --> 01:12:33,222 I think about the guys more than anything. 939 01:12:33,390 --> 01:12:35,600 I think about most of them every day. 940 01:12:35,768 --> 01:12:40,813 It's something that's etched in your memory, l guess. 941 01:12:41,565 --> 01:12:44,233 It'll never leave either. 942 01:12:45,152 --> 01:12:48,780 Am l proud of having served in that outfit? You bet your life. 943 01:12:48,947 --> 01:12:51,949 I wore that eagle on my right shoulder for 1 8 years. 944 01:12:52,117 --> 01:12:54,285 Probably the proudest thing in my whole life... 945 01:12:54,453 --> 01:12:58,331 ...was having been in Easy Company 506. 946 01:13:01,460 --> 01:13:04,420 The heroes had crosses over their heads... 947 01:13:04,588 --> 01:13:07,298 ...the ones that are buried in the cemeteries. 948 01:13:07,466 --> 01:13:09,926 Those are the true heroes, not us. 949 01:13:10,094 --> 01:13:12,387 We're just part of the works. 950 01:13:12,554 --> 01:13:16,641 And we thank God we got back alive. That's all. 951 01:13:18,644 --> 01:13:23,439 How would you like to be a mother or a father to a son never come back? 952 01:13:25,317 --> 01:13:29,654 The son and the mother and the father are the heroes of World War Il... 953 01:13:29,822 --> 01:13:32,281 ...not the guys that come home. 954 01:13:34,827 --> 01:13:36,994 Let me say this... 955 01:13:38,705 --> 01:13:41,874 ...l believe there's very, very few heroes... 956 01:13:42,042 --> 01:13:46,796 ...that came back from the war. They're still over there. 957 01:13:56,140 --> 01:14:00,893 Do you remember the letter that Mike Ranney wrote me? 958 01:14:01,061 --> 01:14:03,604 Do you remember how he ended it? 959 01:14:04,523 --> 01:14:09,360 "I cherish the memories of a question my grandson... 960 01:14:09,528 --> 01:14:13,990 ...asked me the other day when he said: 961 01:14:14,158 --> 01:14:18,161 'Grandpa, were you a hero in the war?' 962 01:14:20,497 --> 01:14:23,332 Grandpa said, 'No... 963 01:14:27,129 --> 01:14:30,715 ...but l served in a company of heroes."' 964 01:15:49,461 --> 01:15:54,006 Joe Toye. Oh, there was a big mick. 965 01:15:54,258 --> 01:15:59,011 And we used to have a few beers at night, and I'd sing. 966 01:15:59,846 --> 01:16:02,306 Guarnere would come over and sing. 967 01:16:02,474 --> 01:16:04,267 He'd say to Guarnere: 968 01:16:04,434 --> 01:16:07,979 "Guarnere, you're ltalian, you don't know this song." 969 01:16:08,146 --> 01:16:10,815 Guarnere could sing it better than he did. 970 01:16:10,983 --> 01:16:12,567 "Bridget O'Flynn." 971 01:16:12,734 --> 01:16:14,443 How's it go? 972 01:17:08,206 --> 01:17:12,877 Now, that's the song Toye liked, and that's what we sang. 973 01:17:13,045 --> 01:17:16,756 You only needed a sisal of beer. Two beers you were drunk... 974 01:17:16,923 --> 01:17:19,634 ...because you were in great physical condition. 975 01:17:19,801 --> 01:17:22,887 You were too piqued, you know... 976 01:17:23,055 --> 01:17:27,516 ...and two beers you were as high as Georgia pine, you know. 81354

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