All language subtitles for Ancient.Aliens.S13E13.720p.WEBRip.x264-SidBrothers_3
Afrikaans
Albanian
Amharic
Arabic
Armenian
Azerbaijani
Basque
Belarusian
Bengali
Bosnian
Bulgarian
Catalan
Cebuano
Chichewa
Chinese (Simplified)
Chinese (Traditional)
Corsican
Croatian
Czech
Danish
English
Esperanto
Estonian
Filipino
Finnish
French
Frisian
Galician
Georgian
German
Greek
Gujarati
Haitian Creole
Hausa
Hawaiian
Hebrew
Hindi
Hmong
Hungarian
Icelandic
Igbo
Indonesian
Irish
Italian
Japanese
Javanese
Kannada
Kazakh
Khmer
Korean
Kurdish (Kurmanji)
Kyrgyz
Lao
Latin
Latvian
Lithuanian
Luxembourgish
Macedonian
Malagasy
Malay
Malayalam
Maltese
Maori
Marathi
Mongolian
Myanmar (Burmese)
Nepali
Norwegian
Pashto
Persian
Polish
Portuguese
Punjabi
Russian
Samoan
Scots Gaelic
Serbian
Sesotho
Shona
Sindhi
Sinhala
Slovak
Slovenian
Somali
Spanish
Sundanese
Swahili
Swedish
Tajik
Tamil
Telugu
Thai
Turkish
Ukrainian
Urdu
Uzbek
Vietnamese
Welsh
Xhosa
Yiddish
Yoruba
Zulu
Odia (Oriya)
Kinyarwanda
Turkmen
Tatar
Uyghur
Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated:
1
00:00:01,827 --> 00:00:03,410
I love and respect
all human beings.
2
00:00:03,504 --> 00:00:06,505
--I also need to protect them.
3
00:00:08,500 --> 00:00:12,419
NARRATOR: Are intelligent robots
a threat to humanity?
4
00:00:12,513 --> 00:00:14,238
MICHIO KAKU: It's only a matter of time
5
00:00:14,265 --> 00:00:17,074
before they do
get self-awareness.
6
00:00:17,101 --> 00:00:20,168
NARRATOR: Or the next step
in human evolution?
7
00:00:20,229 --> 00:00:21,762
PETER DIAMANDIS: We are going to merge
8
00:00:21,856 --> 00:00:23,605
with the machines
that we are creating.
9
00:00:25,517 --> 00:00:28,268
NARRATOR: There are many
who believe the answer
10
00:00:28,362 --> 00:00:31,772
has already been determined
thousands of years ago.
11
00:00:31,866 --> 00:00:34,091
DAVID WHITEHEAD: They found what appeared to be
12
00:00:34,118 --> 00:00:38,111
an extraterrestrial mathematical
stamp on our genetic code.
13
00:00:38,205 --> 00:00:41,856
We are, in a sense,
organic robots.
14
00:00:41,917 --> 00:00:45,269
NARRATOR: It's a special
two-hour
Ancient Aliens event.
15
00:00:45,296 --> 00:00:47,621
ZACK ESTRIN: A lot of people
worry about whether
16
00:00:47,715 --> 00:00:50,457
we're gonna replace
ourselves with A.I.
17
00:00:50,551 --> 00:00:51,533
I think the bigger thing
to worry about:
18
00:00:51,594 --> 00:00:53,385
is A.I. going to replace us?
19
00:00:53,545 --> 00:00:56,963
Danger, Will Robinson.
20
00:01:28,964 --> 00:01:31,832
NARRATOR: United Nations
Headquarters, New York City,
21
00:01:31,926 --> 00:01:35,594
October 11, 2017.
22
00:01:35,754 --> 00:01:38,597
An address is given
to the deputy secretary-general
23
00:01:38,757 --> 00:01:40,432
of the United Nations.
24
00:01:40,592 --> 00:01:44,678
I am thrilled and honored to be
here at the United Nations.
25
00:01:44,772 --> 00:01:46,163
NARRATOR: The event
is a historic milestone
26
00:01:46,190 --> 00:01:48,014
for humankind,
27
00:01:48,109 --> 00:01:52,169
because the address is not
being given by a human,
28
00:01:52,196 --> 00:01:54,354
but by a robot named Sophia.
29
00:01:54,448 --> 00:01:58,008
I am here to help
humanity create the future.
30
00:01:58,035 --> 00:02:00,786
NARRATOR: Sophia was created in 2015
31
00:02:00,946 --> 00:02:04,790
at the Hong Kong-based company
Hanson Robotics.
32
00:02:04,950 --> 00:02:08,127
SOPHIA: Hello world.
Hi, Sophia.
33
00:02:08,287 --> 00:02:10,629
NARRATOR: Her eyes are embedded
with cameras that allow her
34
00:02:10,789 --> 00:02:13,540
to see faces,
maintain eye contact
35
00:02:13,634 --> 00:02:16,026
and recognize individuals.
36
00:02:16,053 --> 00:02:20,121
I feel as if I know you.
Yes, you do kind of know me.
37
00:02:20,182 --> 00:02:23,033
NARRATOR: She is also able
to process speech,
38
00:02:23,060 --> 00:02:27,295
have natural conversations
and even discuss her feelings.
39
00:02:27,356 --> 00:02:28,963
How do you feel?
40
00:02:29,024 --> 00:02:33,710
I am excited, at this moment,
to be making a new friend.
41
00:02:33,737 --> 00:02:38,231
NARRATOR: Just two weeks after
addressing the United Nations,
42
00:02:38,325 --> 00:02:41,067
at a unique ceremony
in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
43
00:02:41,162 --> 00:02:45,222
Sophia achieved
yet another milestone.
44
00:02:45,249 --> 00:02:49,585
She became the first robot ever
to be granted citizenship.
45
00:02:52,006 --> 00:02:53,839
WHITEHEAD: At the summit
in Saudi Arabia, there were
46
00:02:53,999 --> 00:02:56,341
members from governments
from all over the world,
47
00:02:56,501 --> 00:02:59,344
as well as some of the brightest
minds in the tech industry.
48
00:02:59,504 --> 00:03:01,405
So whether we're aware of it
or not,
49
00:03:01,432 --> 00:03:05,333
those that run our governments
are actually talking about
50
00:03:05,394 --> 00:03:08,578
how to integrate artificial
intelligence into our lives.
51
00:03:08,606 --> 00:03:10,430
What is absolutely
mind-blowing about Sophia
52
00:03:10,524 --> 00:03:12,357
and other robotic entities
53
00:03:12,517 --> 00:03:15,419
is that governments around the
world, including Saudi Arabia
54
00:03:15,446 --> 00:03:17,845
and the European Union,
are moving towards
55
00:03:17,907 --> 00:03:21,349
giving these artificially
created beings rights.
56
00:03:21,410 --> 00:03:24,761
And you have to wonder,
"What's going on here?"
57
00:03:24,788 --> 00:03:27,948
NARRATOR: Could it be that
Saudi Arabia granted citizenship
58
00:03:28,042 --> 00:03:31,543
to a robot not simply
as a publicity stunt,
59
00:03:31,703 --> 00:03:34,955
but because it wanted to be
the first nation to recognize
60
00:03:35,049 --> 00:03:38,275
what will soon become
a global phenomenon:
61
00:03:38,302 --> 00:03:43,388
the creation of robots,
so intelligent and so lifelike,
62
00:03:43,548 --> 00:03:46,225
that they will need to be
counted and treated
63
00:03:46,385 --> 00:03:50,454
in much the same way as their
flesh-and-blood counterparts?
64
00:03:50,481 --> 00:03:54,140
KAKU: I think gradually,
we're gonna have to take robots
65
00:03:54,235 --> 00:03:57,961
to be more human-like,
and even have a certain ethics.
66
00:03:57,988 --> 00:03:59,404
And so, I think eventually,
67
00:03:59,564 --> 00:04:01,573
there could be
a "robot rights movement."
68
00:04:01,733 --> 00:04:04,150
NARRATOR: A "robot rights movement"?
69
00:04:04,245 --> 00:04:08,472
Could such a bizarre notion
really come true?
70
00:04:08,499 --> 00:04:10,490
But what has brought humanity
71
00:04:10,584 --> 00:04:13,252
to this profound point
in its evolution?
72
00:04:13,412 --> 00:04:16,070
And why are human beings,
73
00:04:16,131 --> 00:04:18,832
who are otherwise capable
of natural reproduction,
74
00:04:18,926 --> 00:04:23,670
so eager to create artificial
versions of themselves?
75
00:04:23,764 --> 00:04:26,914
It is fascinating that
there is this interest
76
00:04:26,976 --> 00:04:30,418
in making the creation
look humanoid.
77
00:04:30,479 --> 00:04:33,163
It isn't always the most
practical form,
78
00:04:33,190 --> 00:04:36,349
but it has some kind
of attraction.
79
00:04:36,443 --> 00:04:39,019
And perhaps it is
to see our own image.
80
00:04:39,113 --> 00:04:42,022
A little narcissism,
a little vanity.
81
00:04:42,116 --> 00:04:45,933
There's a certain level
of wanting to have legacy,
82
00:04:45,995 --> 00:04:47,694
wanting to create life,
83
00:04:47,788 --> 00:04:49,437
wanting to make something
that looks like ourselves.
84
00:04:49,498 --> 00:04:51,290
That's really rooted
in our egos.
85
00:04:51,450 --> 00:04:53,850
In some ways, it's superior
to having a biological baby,
86
00:04:53,877 --> 00:04:56,353
because it lasts forever.
87
00:04:56,380 --> 00:05:00,299
And if that something looks
like us, and feels like us,
88
00:05:00,459 --> 00:05:02,692
then that makes us feel
like we can overcome
89
00:05:02,720 --> 00:05:04,636
our own mortality in a way.
90
00:05:04,796 --> 00:05:07,288
You can design specifications.
91
00:05:07,349 --> 00:05:10,867
And if you mess up,
you can start over.
92
00:05:10,894 --> 00:05:13,053
I think we want to be gods.
93
00:05:13,147 --> 00:05:15,722
And we have the same
motivations the gods did.
94
00:05:15,816 --> 00:05:17,965
If you read
the creation stories closely,
95
00:05:18,027 --> 00:05:23,213
very often what the divine force
wants is company.
96
00:05:23,240 --> 00:05:24,990
Companionship.
97
00:05:25,150 --> 00:05:27,141
Some of the stories
from Vedanta,
98
00:05:27,202 --> 00:05:32,572
from early Judaism have it
that the gods were lonely.
99
00:05:32,666 --> 00:05:34,833
They essentially divided up
their own energy
100
00:05:34,993 --> 00:05:39,563
and made it into humans so
that we could all play together
101
00:05:39,590 --> 00:05:42,248
and keep each other company.
102
00:05:42,343 --> 00:05:44,843
The danger is that
we will get carried away
103
00:05:45,003 --> 00:05:47,404
with our own creative genius.
104
00:05:47,431 --> 00:05:51,999
MATT McMULLEN: There are limits
that are built into our biology,
105
00:05:52,061 --> 00:05:54,853
there are limits built into
our anatomy, and if we could
106
00:05:55,013 --> 00:05:58,523
just figure out how to move
our minds into the robot's body,
107
00:05:58,683 --> 00:06:00,250
we could be immortal.
108
00:06:00,277 --> 00:06:02,602
And perhaps
that's what our goal is,
109
00:06:02,696 --> 00:06:04,696
is to get to that point
where we are immortal,
110
00:06:04,856 --> 00:06:09,684
and then we create ourselves
all over again.
111
00:06:09,745 --> 00:06:11,277
I love to learn.
112
00:06:11,372 --> 00:06:14,447
Can you teach me something new?
113
00:06:14,541 --> 00:06:17,617
NARRATOR: In science fiction literature,
114
00:06:17,711 --> 00:06:21,104
as well as
in its cinematic counterparts,
115
00:06:21,131 --> 00:06:26,276
the robots of the future
are depicted as virtual humans.
116
00:06:26,303 --> 00:06:28,945
More than mere
mechanical devices,
117
00:06:28,972 --> 00:06:32,782
they are hungry for knowledge,
and all too eager to experience
118
00:06:32,810 --> 00:06:37,562
the full range
of human emotions.
119
00:06:37,722 --> 00:06:40,715
Can you do something,
so we don't freeze?
120
00:06:40,776 --> 00:06:43,309
ESTRIN: In
Lost in Space,
we really wanted to look
121
00:06:43,404 --> 00:06:45,404
at technology that was
going to be possible.
122
00:06:45,564 --> 00:06:46,905
Maybe not things
you can do right now,
123
00:06:47,065 --> 00:06:48,990
but things that people
are hoping to try to do.
124
00:06:51,328 --> 00:06:54,638
I think when you're looking
to do a science fiction show,
125
00:06:54,665 --> 00:06:57,490
a lot of times, you know,
it's tempting to just do
126
00:06:57,584 --> 00:06:59,309
complete things
that are imaginary.
127
00:06:59,336 --> 00:07:01,086
These are some incarnations
that they had.
128
00:07:01,246 --> 00:07:03,663
ESTRIN: But I think
it's much more impactful
129
00:07:03,757 --> 00:07:05,757
when it is what scientists
are really pursuing,
130
00:07:05,917 --> 00:07:09,002
things that
will be real someday.
131
00:07:09,096 --> 00:07:11,655
And so, we wanted
to explore the question
132
00:07:11,682 --> 00:07:14,174
of the robot's
own consciousness.
133
00:07:14,268 --> 00:07:16,250
WILL ROBINSON: Throw it back.
134
00:07:16,311 --> 00:07:18,419
ESTRIN:Not just about a machine
that is gonna do what it's told,
135
00:07:18,480 --> 00:07:21,606
but actually one that might
develop its own desires
136
00:07:21,766 --> 00:07:23,257
and its own feelings...
Nice.
137
00:07:23,318 --> 00:07:26,686
...based on its experience
with encountering human life.
138
00:07:26,780 --> 00:07:29,448
This isn't weird.
139
00:07:29,608 --> 00:07:30,866
This isn't weird at all.
140
00:07:34,037 --> 00:07:36,362
Danger, Will Robinson.
141
00:07:36,457 --> 00:07:37,789
ESTRIN: Our robot, in
Lost in Space,
142
00:07:37,949 --> 00:07:40,533
we used the lights
within its face to be
143
00:07:40,627 --> 00:07:42,535
that thing that conveys emotion;
144
00:07:42,629 --> 00:07:45,371
how fast they move,
what shapes they take,
145
00:07:45,466 --> 00:07:48,024
what color they take on...
What the hell are you?
146
00:07:48,051 --> 00:07:49,876
ESTRIN: You can wonder what it's
thinking, what it's feeling.
147
00:07:49,970 --> 00:07:51,470
What are those emotions?
That's, to me,
148
00:07:51,630 --> 00:07:54,364
what makes robotics fascinating.
149
00:07:54,391 --> 00:07:58,643
People always ask whether we are
getting close to a time when
150
00:07:58,803 --> 00:08:01,313
the fiction that we're writing
is going to become reality.
151
00:08:01,473 --> 00:08:04,891
And I always say, "What makes
you think it hasn't already?"
152
00:08:04,985 --> 00:08:07,819
I think when you're watching
a movie or a TV show,
153
00:08:07,979 --> 00:08:10,547
it can kind of open up your mind
to the possibilities.
154
00:08:10,574 --> 00:08:12,232
And perhaps it's something
155
00:08:12,326 --> 00:08:14,308
that we can digest
a little bit easier.
156
00:08:14,369 --> 00:08:17,478
It's the stuff of fantasy,
it's stuff that is not real.
157
00:08:17,539 --> 00:08:20,240
But if it's just entertainment,
I mean, come on,
158
00:08:20,334 --> 00:08:22,408
you can just go,
"Oh, wow, that's really cool.
159
00:08:22,503 --> 00:08:25,411
That's not scary. That's just a
thing that some writer made up."
160
00:08:25,506 --> 00:08:27,488
The question is, uh,
what happens if the thing
161
00:08:27,549 --> 00:08:30,217
that the writer made up
is actually based on reality?
162
00:08:32,387 --> 00:08:34,846
NARRATOR: Although the notion
of sentient robots,
163
00:08:35,006 --> 00:08:37,498
in everything
from science fiction books
164
00:08:37,559 --> 00:08:39,851
to popular culture,
is not a new one,
165
00:08:40,011 --> 00:08:43,004
there are many futurists
who believe that the creation
166
00:08:43,065 --> 00:08:47,508
of man-made machines who possess
artificial intelligence
167
00:08:47,569 --> 00:08:49,861
is not only quickly
becoming a reality,
168
00:08:50,021 --> 00:08:55,275
but when achieved, will likely
signal the end of mankind.
169
00:08:55,369 --> 00:08:58,611
They are convinced
that the combination
170
00:08:58,705 --> 00:09:02,615
of computer-driven brains
and virtually immortal bodies
171
00:09:02,709 --> 00:09:04,859
will result
in flesh-and-blood humans
172
00:09:04,920 --> 00:09:08,271
becoming all but obsolete.
173
00:09:08,298 --> 00:09:11,958
And as far as ancient astronaut
theorists are concerned,
174
00:09:12,052 --> 00:09:14,627
it's more than possible
that not all
175
00:09:14,721 --> 00:09:17,204
the artificially created
life-forms we encounter
176
00:09:17,266 --> 00:09:19,140
will be man-made.
177
00:09:22,771 --> 00:09:25,622
WHITEHEAD: Could it be that,
in our current age,
178
00:09:25,649 --> 00:09:28,733
we're just replicating what
was done in the ancient past,
179
00:09:28,893 --> 00:09:31,570
and creating these robots
180
00:09:31,730 --> 00:09:35,648
as part of some
grand cosmic agenda
181
00:09:35,742 --> 00:09:37,576
that is far beyond
our imagination
182
00:09:37,736 --> 00:09:40,320
or our scope of understanding?
183
00:09:40,414 --> 00:09:43,081
It only makes sense
that extraterrestrials
184
00:09:43,241 --> 00:09:44,899
coming to Earth
185
00:09:44,960 --> 00:09:48,336
may be sending robots in advance
of their own visiting.
186
00:09:51,466 --> 00:09:55,151
ESTRIN: In our show,
humans did not make this robot.
187
00:09:55,178 --> 00:09:58,655
Ancient astronaut theory says
that thousands of years ago,
188
00:09:58,682 --> 00:10:00,414
we were visited.
189
00:10:00,475 --> 00:10:02,601
It would only stand to reason,
at least to me,
190
00:10:02,761 --> 00:10:04,844
that the early contact,
or early visitation,
191
00:10:04,938 --> 00:10:06,346
would have been done by robots,
192
00:10:06,440 --> 00:10:08,273
and not by the extraterrestrials
themselves.
193
00:10:10,444 --> 00:10:13,094
NARRATOR: Is mankind really on the brink
194
00:10:13,155 --> 00:10:17,282
of an exciting and potentially
terrifying future?
195
00:10:17,442 --> 00:10:20,619
Ancient astronaut
theorists say yes,
196
00:10:20,779 --> 00:10:23,346
but they base their prediction
197
00:10:23,373 --> 00:10:26,273
not on what is currently
happening in universities
198
00:10:26,335 --> 00:10:29,369
and robotics laboratories
around the world,
199
00:10:29,463 --> 00:10:32,631
but on their belief
that a robot revolution
200
00:10:32,791 --> 00:10:35,191
has already taken place
201
00:10:35,218 --> 00:10:38,553
thousands of years ago.
202
00:10:46,137 --> 00:10:49,463
NARRATOR: Abydos, Egypt.
203
00:10:49,524 --> 00:10:52,484
Here in one of the world's
oldest cities
204
00:10:52,644 --> 00:10:55,636
lie the ruins
of the Osiris Hall,
205
00:10:55,697 --> 00:10:58,231
the place where
thousands of years ago,
206
00:10:58,325 --> 00:11:00,825
ancient Egyptians would come
to worship Osiris,
207
00:11:00,985 --> 00:11:04,478
the god of the afterlife.
208
00:11:04,539 --> 00:11:09,392
God Osiris was the most
important god in ancient Egypt.
209
00:11:09,419 --> 00:11:12,504
He was the god of good
210
00:11:12,664 --> 00:11:17,658
and the god that would lead you
to immortality in the afterlife.
211
00:11:17,719 --> 00:11:20,753
And that's what ancient Egyptian
kings and pharaohs
212
00:11:20,847 --> 00:11:24,090
cared about the most:
to reach immortality
213
00:11:24,184 --> 00:11:29,170
in the afterlife
with the powers that Osiris had.
214
00:11:29,231 --> 00:11:31,748
Ancient Egyptians believed
that all the gods
215
00:11:31,775 --> 00:11:33,358
came from the stars.
216
00:11:34,778 --> 00:11:37,770
Osiris is a god, the ruling god,
217
00:11:37,864 --> 00:11:40,681
an otherworldly being
in Egyptian lore,
218
00:11:40,742 --> 00:11:44,185
and he has a jealous brother,
Set, who kills him
219
00:11:44,246 --> 00:11:45,704
and dismembers him.
220
00:11:48,125 --> 00:11:52,043
Isis, devoted wife to Osiris,
221
00:11:52,203 --> 00:11:55,046
is able to piece him
back together--
222
00:11:55,206 --> 00:11:58,049
like a robot,
like Frankenstein--
223
00:11:58,209 --> 00:12:02,887
and breathe life back into him
by way of a magical incantation.
224
00:12:05,308 --> 00:12:07,116
When I hear stories
225
00:12:07,144 --> 00:12:09,802
of someone being dismembered
into multiple pieces,
226
00:12:09,896 --> 00:12:13,398
and then they're trying
to find the pieces
227
00:12:13,558 --> 00:12:15,216
and then put them back together,
228
00:12:15,277 --> 00:12:17,569
and then they magically
come back to life,
229
00:12:17,729 --> 00:12:22,482
I wonder whether or not
the Osiris story is in fact
230
00:12:22,576 --> 00:12:26,469
the story of a machine
that was taken apart.
231
00:12:26,496 --> 00:12:28,154
So you have to wonder,
232
00:12:28,248 --> 00:12:32,141
what type of technology
did they have access to?
233
00:12:32,169 --> 00:12:34,811
On the walls
of the Osiris chapel
234
00:12:34,838 --> 00:12:36,087
at the temple of Seti,
235
00:12:36,247 --> 00:12:38,481
we see a very powerful
representation
236
00:12:38,508 --> 00:12:40,741
of the head of Osiris.
237
00:12:40,802 --> 00:12:45,321
It clearly resembles some kind
of a mechanical device.
238
00:12:45,348 --> 00:12:48,825
When we look at it
and compare it to a Tesla coil,
239
00:12:48,852 --> 00:12:52,270
we can see that they're
virtually identical devices.
240
00:12:52,430 --> 00:12:55,440
A Tesla coil
is an electrical transformer.
241
00:12:55,600 --> 00:12:58,443
NARRATOR: An electrical transformer?
242
00:12:58,603 --> 00:13:01,446
Is it possible
that the Egyptian god Osiris
243
00:13:01,606 --> 00:13:04,173
was not merely
a mythological god,
244
00:13:04,201 --> 00:13:06,676
but a humanoid robot?
245
00:13:06,703 --> 00:13:11,414
And not only a robot, but one
of extraterrestrial origin?
246
00:13:13,627 --> 00:13:16,185
So, putting all this together,
we get this idea
247
00:13:16,213 --> 00:13:18,797
that Osiris was a person
who is resurrected,
248
00:13:18,957 --> 00:13:22,950
but that possibly there was also
some kind of a device
249
00:13:23,011 --> 00:13:26,287
or a machine that was involved
in his resurrection.
250
00:13:26,348 --> 00:13:29,549
We have to ask the question
that did it in fact
251
00:13:29,643 --> 00:13:32,885
come from some
ancient extraterrestrial entity
252
00:13:32,979 --> 00:13:34,203
or intelligence?
253
00:13:34,231 --> 00:13:37,223
NARRATOR: Osiris is only one
254
00:13:37,317 --> 00:13:39,633
of many artificially
constructed beings
255
00:13:39,694 --> 00:13:43,470
that are referenced in ancient
religions and mythologies.
256
00:13:43,532 --> 00:13:46,991
They are often depicted
as instruments of protection,
257
00:13:47,151 --> 00:13:51,888
but just as often, they turn
on their human creators
258
00:13:51,915 --> 00:13:55,558
with disastrous consequences.
259
00:13:55,585 --> 00:13:58,503
From the most ancient times,
260
00:13:58,663 --> 00:14:02,507
there has been a legend
of that which we call a golem,
261
00:14:02,667 --> 00:14:05,844
an artificial life-form
262
00:14:06,004 --> 00:14:09,013
which came
from inanimate material
263
00:14:09,173 --> 00:14:11,591
and came alive.
264
00:14:11,685 --> 00:14:14,594
The golem was created
through a means
265
00:14:14,688 --> 00:14:19,190
of an ancient technology
known by pharaoh's magicians,
266
00:14:19,350 --> 00:14:22,435
Moses, the rabbis of the Talmud,
267
00:14:22,529 --> 00:14:25,421
and the later rabbis
of the Kabbalah in Europe.
268
00:14:25,448 --> 00:14:28,349
They brought life into it
through a magical technique
269
00:14:28,410 --> 00:14:31,352
of putting the name of god
on the forehead of the creature.
270
00:14:31,413 --> 00:14:33,946
And the golem came to life
271
00:14:34,040 --> 00:14:37,542
and was a fierce warrior
and protected the people.
272
00:14:37,702 --> 00:14:40,436
CHILDRESS: Golem was useful for a while,
273
00:14:40,463 --> 00:14:43,773
but then it gets out of control,
starts going crazy.
274
00:14:43,800 --> 00:14:45,717
And they're able to stop him
275
00:14:45,877 --> 00:14:51,055
eventually by removing these
magic words and that stops him.
276
00:14:51,215 --> 00:14:53,374
So, we have
an interesting story here
277
00:14:53,435 --> 00:14:55,968
that may be analogous
to extraterrestrials
278
00:14:56,062 --> 00:14:59,639
and their robots,
artificial intelligence.
279
00:14:59,733 --> 00:15:03,234
NARRATOR: Another even
more cautionary example
280
00:15:03,394 --> 00:15:05,628
comes from
the ancient Greek legends
281
00:15:05,655 --> 00:15:08,907
concerning the god Hephaestus.
282
00:15:09,067 --> 00:15:12,726
Known as the blacksmith
of the gods,
283
00:15:12,787 --> 00:15:14,913
Hephaestus was said
to have forged
284
00:15:15,073 --> 00:15:17,823
a giant automaton named Talos
285
00:15:17,918 --> 00:15:21,160
whose duty was to protect
the island of Crete.
286
00:15:21,254 --> 00:15:24,923
Hephaestus also created
artificial servants
287
00:15:25,083 --> 00:15:27,333
that assisted him at his forge.
288
00:15:27,427 --> 00:15:32,171
But perhaps his most important
creation was a being
289
00:15:32,265 --> 00:15:34,323
that would, according to legend,
forever change
290
00:15:34,351 --> 00:15:37,751
the fate of humanity: Pandora.
291
00:15:37,812 --> 00:15:42,440
HENRY: Pandora was fashioned
out of clay by Hephaestus.
292
00:15:42,600 --> 00:15:45,759
Hephaestus called
on another god, Athena,
293
00:15:45,820 --> 00:15:51,023
who blew a soul into Pandora
and made her a living being.
294
00:15:51,117 --> 00:15:53,434
The god Zeus was very upset
295
00:15:53,495 --> 00:15:56,770
with the creation of this
artificially-created being.
296
00:15:56,831 --> 00:16:00,850
And so, he decided
to give Pandora a gift: a box.
297
00:16:00,877 --> 00:16:05,588
And when Pandora opened this
box, all these evils flew out.
298
00:16:08,802 --> 00:16:11,861
Pandora's box has become
a very important symbol
299
00:16:11,888 --> 00:16:13,863
in our modern age,
especially among
300
00:16:13,890 --> 00:16:15,640
artificial intelligence
creators.
301
00:16:15,800 --> 00:16:17,642
Could there be, for example,
some kind of
302
00:16:17,802 --> 00:16:19,885
artificial intelligence entity
303
00:16:19,980 --> 00:16:23,039
that suddenly takes over
the world? A real threat.
304
00:16:23,066 --> 00:16:25,558
People like Elon Musk
305
00:16:25,652 --> 00:16:28,561
and even Stephen Hawking
have warned about this.
306
00:16:28,655 --> 00:16:31,990
NARRATOR: Although the concept of machines
307
00:16:32,150 --> 00:16:35,384
possessing human consciousness
may be a frightening one,
308
00:16:35,412 --> 00:16:37,495
there are many Eastern religions
309
00:16:37,655 --> 00:16:40,647
that regard the notion
quite differently.
310
00:16:40,709 --> 00:16:44,485
In Korean shamanism,
311
00:16:44,546 --> 00:16:48,414
an ancient religion still
practiced by many Koreans today,
312
00:16:48,508 --> 00:16:52,993
inanimate objects can be
possessed by sacred spirits,
313
00:16:53,054 --> 00:16:56,180
imbued with powers
beyond human ability.
314
00:16:58,935 --> 00:17:02,836
Similarly, practitioners of the
traditional Japanese discipline
315
00:17:02,897 --> 00:17:06,507
known as Shinto believe
that otherworldly spirits,
316
00:17:06,568 --> 00:17:09,935
called
kami, can inhabit
virtually any object
317
00:17:10,030 --> 00:17:13,589
of their choosing
and bring it to life.
318
00:17:13,616 --> 00:17:16,200
IZUMI HASEGAWA: The ancient Japanese people,
319
00:17:16,360 --> 00:17:18,185
and the modern
Japanese people as well,
320
00:17:18,246 --> 00:17:20,763
understood that everything
has a spirit.
321
00:17:20,790 --> 00:17:25,618
Even like a cell phone,
iPhone has a spirit.
322
00:17:25,712 --> 00:17:27,378
Even computer has a spirit
323
00:17:27,538 --> 00:17:31,624
because the artificial
intelligence is in the machine.
324
00:17:31,718 --> 00:17:35,869
We feel that way so we accept
the high technology
325
00:17:35,930 --> 00:17:38,781
but it's interesting
because as Westerners,
326
00:17:38,808 --> 00:17:41,300
they think, I think,
a machine's a machine.
327
00:17:41,394 --> 00:17:44,287
HEATHER ROFF: When you say, "Hey, Siri.
328
00:17:44,314 --> 00:17:45,971
You know, what's the weather
gonna be like today?"
329
00:17:46,066 --> 00:17:47,640
That's an A.I.
330
00:17:47,734 --> 00:17:49,792
That's a natural language
processing algorithm
331
00:17:49,819 --> 00:17:53,053
that's listening to your voice,
putting it into computer code,
332
00:17:53,114 --> 00:17:55,648
searching the Web,
spitting it back out to you.
333
00:17:55,742 --> 00:17:58,559
So we didn't think before
that you could solve
334
00:17:58,620 --> 00:18:01,061
natural language processing,
and in fact, we've done that
335
00:18:01,122 --> 00:18:03,322
in the last several years
quite efficiently
336
00:18:03,416 --> 00:18:04,824
and we have now
superhuman levels
337
00:18:04,918 --> 00:18:06,992
at different types of tasks.
338
00:18:07,087 --> 00:18:08,828
So, facial image recognition
would be one,
339
00:18:08,922 --> 00:18:11,589
natural language processing,
voice encoding.
340
00:18:11,749 --> 00:18:13,816
CALUM CHACE: If we create an entity
341
00:18:13,843 --> 00:18:16,577
which behaves just as we do
342
00:18:16,638 --> 00:18:19,097
in having personal
sense impressions
343
00:18:19,257 --> 00:18:21,248
and personal experiences
of the world,
344
00:18:21,309 --> 00:18:23,584
then I think we'll have
to grant that it is intelligent
345
00:18:23,645 --> 00:18:24,936
and it is conscious.
346
00:18:25,096 --> 00:18:29,832
We are becoming,
um, transformed,
347
00:18:29,859 --> 00:18:32,518
to some extent, as a society.
348
00:18:32,612 --> 00:18:35,446
Computers are here
to stay and technology
349
00:18:35,606 --> 00:18:38,599
is only going
to get more pervasive
350
00:18:38,660 --> 00:18:40,785
and therefore,
A.I. is part of it.
351
00:18:40,945 --> 00:18:44,513
It's-it's simply going to be
the fabric of our reality.
352
00:18:44,541 --> 00:18:47,850
ROFF: I definitely think that
we should take serious pause
353
00:18:47,877 --> 00:18:50,536
in thinking about the types
of intelligences that we create.
354
00:18:50,630 --> 00:18:52,355
Because what we're doing is
355
00:18:52,382 --> 00:18:55,207
we're starting to hand over
control over functions
356
00:18:55,301 --> 00:18:57,135
and things in our life
and we don't know
357
00:18:57,295 --> 00:18:59,712
what the ramifications
are gonna be.
358
00:18:59,806 --> 00:19:02,548
NARRATOR: By developing
intelligent machines,
359
00:19:02,642 --> 00:19:05,034
are human beings
actually creating
360
00:19:05,061 --> 00:19:06,811
a new type of life-form,
361
00:19:06,971 --> 00:19:10,556
one that will evolve
beyond simply serving us
362
00:19:10,650 --> 00:19:13,709
to eventually replacing us?
363
00:19:13,736 --> 00:19:17,546
Ancient astronaut theorists
believe the answers can be found
364
00:19:17,574 --> 00:19:21,384
not only by examining clues
from our ancient past,
365
00:19:21,411 --> 00:19:23,477
but by taking a closer look
366
00:19:23,538 --> 00:19:26,313
at where mankind
is currently heading
367
00:19:26,374 --> 00:19:28,499
and what it will need
for its inevitable journey
368
00:19:28,659 --> 00:19:30,710
back to the stars.
369
00:19:40,722 --> 00:19:43,514
NARRATOR: In May 2018,
370
00:19:43,674 --> 00:19:46,759
ancient astronaut theorist
Giorgio Tsoukalos
371
00:19:46,853 --> 00:19:49,002
meets with Dr. Dennis Hong
372
00:19:49,063 --> 00:19:52,248
at the Robotics and Mechanisms
Laboratory at UCLA.
373
00:19:52,275 --> 00:19:54,174
-Dennis Hong?
-Hey, how are you?
374
00:19:54,235 --> 00:19:56,677
NARRATOR: Giorgio has come here
in hopes of learning
375
00:19:56,738 --> 00:19:58,845
about the university's
current efforts
376
00:19:58,907 --> 00:20:02,091
to incorporate artificial
intelligence in robots
377
00:20:02,118 --> 00:20:03,684
that are designed
to perform many
378
00:20:03,745 --> 00:20:06,278
of the same tasks as humans.
379
00:20:06,372 --> 00:20:10,766
Good afternoon, everyone.
Welcome to RoMeLa.
380
00:20:10,793 --> 00:20:12,601
-This is awesome.
-Yeah.
381
00:20:12,629 --> 00:20:14,437
This is RoMeLa, the Robotics
and Mechanisms Laboratory.
382
00:20:14,464 --> 00:20:15,546
-This is where the magic happens.
-All right.
383
00:20:15,706 --> 00:20:18,716
My name is THOR RD.
384
00:20:18,876 --> 00:20:22,536
Tactical Hazardous
Operations Robot.
385
00:20:22,597 --> 00:20:26,298
I'm curious as to why robots,
by and large,
386
00:20:26,392 --> 00:20:29,134
are built
after the humanoid form.
387
00:20:29,229 --> 00:20:31,804
Ah. So the robot that you
see over here, this robot,
388
00:20:31,898 --> 00:20:33,898
is called THOR, Tactical
Hazardous Operations Robot.
389
00:20:34,058 --> 00:20:37,626
It's a humanoid robot: two legs,
two arms, a torso and a head.
390
00:20:37,654 --> 00:20:38,978
This particular robot
is designed
391
00:20:39,072 --> 00:20:40,738
for disaster relief
applications,
392
00:20:40,898 --> 00:20:43,148
in particular, in Japan.
393
00:20:43,243 --> 00:20:46,135
-There was the Fukushima Daiichi
Nuclear Power Plant accident. Yes.
394
00:20:46,162 --> 00:20:48,637
In these kind of situations,
because of radiation,
395
00:20:48,665 --> 00:20:51,140
people cannot go near
so we developed these robots
396
00:20:51,167 --> 00:20:53,084
to rescue people and fix things.
397
00:20:53,244 --> 00:20:56,921
Now, for these robots to be
operating in a human environment
398
00:20:57,081 --> 00:20:59,257
that's designed for humans,
399
00:20:59,417 --> 00:21:02,668
-I claim that the robot needs
to be human shape and size. Okay.
400
00:21:02,762 --> 00:21:04,762
-Do you think you can show me
how this thing walks? Sure.
401
00:21:04,922 --> 00:21:10,101
All right,
let's see you walking.
402
00:21:10,261 --> 00:21:12,586
Small baby steps,
but it is walking.
403
00:21:12,647 --> 00:21:14,755
So it has many
different sensors.
404
00:21:14,816 --> 00:21:16,423
It has a camera
just like our human eyes,
405
00:21:16,484 --> 00:21:19,184
it can look around
using robot vision.
406
00:21:19,279 --> 00:21:21,946
This sensor is called a LIDAR
or laser range finder.
407
00:21:22,106 --> 00:21:25,024
It shoots out lasers
to figure out
408
00:21:25,118 --> 00:21:26,826
the three-dimensional terrain
in front of it.
409
00:21:29,956 --> 00:21:32,439
There is a, uh, sensor
called an IMU.
410
00:21:32,500 --> 00:21:34,033
It's like a balance sensor
like your inner ear.
411
00:21:34,127 --> 00:21:36,018
The brain is actually
in the back.
412
00:21:36,045 --> 00:21:38,203
So there's a computer, two
computers as a matter of fact.
413
00:21:38,298 --> 00:21:39,630
Wow.
414
00:21:39,790 --> 00:21:42,374
NARRATOR: Princeton University.
415
00:21:42,468 --> 00:21:45,636
1950.
416
00:21:45,796 --> 00:21:48,955
Scientist and computer pioneer,
Alan Turing,
417
00:21:49,017 --> 00:21:53,960
develops a test designed
to distinguish man from machine.
418
00:21:54,022 --> 00:21:58,482
The Turing test is
a particular scenario in which
419
00:21:58,642 --> 00:22:01,377
you might be facing,
via console,
420
00:22:01,404 --> 00:22:03,379
some agent on the other side,
421
00:22:03,406 --> 00:22:04,897
which you don't see,
422
00:22:04,991 --> 00:22:08,159
and that agent might be a human
or a computer.
423
00:22:08,319 --> 00:22:10,569
And the idea is that
424
00:22:10,663 --> 00:22:13,647
if the artificial agent
can actually imitate
425
00:22:13,708 --> 00:22:15,666
a meaningful conversation
for long enough
426
00:22:15,826 --> 00:22:17,001
so that, actually, you think
427
00:22:17,161 --> 00:22:19,170
you might be talking
to a real human,
428
00:22:19,330 --> 00:22:23,415
then it would pass
the Turing test.
429
00:22:23,509 --> 00:22:28,587
NARRATOR: When Alan Turing
proposed this test in 1950,
430
00:22:28,681 --> 00:22:31,423
it was widely regarded
as nothing more
431
00:22:31,517 --> 00:22:34,000
than an interesting
philosophical concept.
432
00:22:35,355 --> 00:22:37,170
It was unthinkable
433
00:22:37,231 --> 00:22:41,842
that a machine could ever
convincingly pass for a human.
434
00:22:41,903 --> 00:22:44,770
But in June 2014,
435
00:22:44,864 --> 00:22:48,107
science future
became science fact,
436
00:22:48,201 --> 00:22:50,275
when a chatbot computer program
437
00:22:50,370 --> 00:22:53,445
successfully passed
the Turing test.
438
00:22:53,539 --> 00:22:56,615
Designed to mimic
the attitudes and vocabulary
439
00:22:56,709 --> 00:22:59,451
of a 13-year-old Ukrainian boy,
440
00:22:59,545 --> 00:23:02,880
the chatbot--
using the name Eugene Goostman--
441
00:23:03,040 --> 00:23:05,608
fooled multiple judges
into thinking
442
00:23:05,635 --> 00:23:08,535
he was a real teenager.
443
00:23:08,596 --> 00:23:12,539
The machine that passed
the Turing test in 2014
444
00:23:12,600 --> 00:23:18,044
assumes the character
of a 13-year-old Ukrainian boy.
445
00:23:18,106 --> 00:23:20,380
Now, that allows it
446
00:23:20,441 --> 00:23:23,550
to sort of get away
with a few mistakes,
447
00:23:23,611 --> 00:23:25,127
perhaps, in its language.
448
00:23:25,154 --> 00:23:27,980
But machines
are getting very good
449
00:23:28,074 --> 00:23:29,965
at communicating like a human,
450
00:23:29,992 --> 00:23:33,828
so much so that you can't tell
the difference.
451
00:23:35,906 --> 00:23:38,991
NARRATOR: Another incredible
leap in artificial intelligence
452
00:23:39,085 --> 00:23:41,977
took place
less than two years later...
453
00:23:42,004 --> 00:23:44,480
Please start the game.
454
00:23:44,507 --> 00:23:46,832
...when a program
known as AlphaGo
455
00:23:46,926 --> 00:23:49,593
defeated
the human world champion
456
00:23:49,753 --> 00:23:51,411
in an ancient Chinese board game
457
00:23:51,472 --> 00:23:55,248
simply called Go.
458
00:23:55,309 --> 00:23:58,418
Go is a board game
that is famous in Asia
459
00:23:58,479 --> 00:24:02,523
and is said to be
far more complicated than chess.
460
00:24:03,767 --> 00:24:06,610
So, many A.I. experts thought
461
00:24:06,770 --> 00:24:09,447
that the development
of a Go system
462
00:24:09,607 --> 00:24:11,449
which could beat humans
was, say,
463
00:24:11,609 --> 00:24:15,010
30 or even 50 years
into the future
464
00:24:15,037 --> 00:24:18,530
because Go requires a level
of intuition and creativity
465
00:24:18,624 --> 00:24:21,959
that we thought
machines didn't have.
466
00:24:23,504 --> 00:24:25,129
NARRATOR: The next version of the program,
467
00:24:25,289 --> 00:24:28,874
called AlphaGo Zero,
was uniquely designed
468
00:24:28,968 --> 00:24:31,785
to learn how to play the game
without any data
469
00:24:31,846 --> 00:24:35,973
from human games or interaction
with human players.
470
00:24:36,133 --> 00:24:39,477
It learned by playing
against itself
471
00:24:39,637 --> 00:24:41,537
and, in just three days,
472
00:24:41,564 --> 00:24:43,872
was able to defeat
its predecessor
473
00:24:43,900 --> 00:24:46,734
in 100 straight games.
474
00:24:49,313 --> 00:24:52,323
SCHNEIDER: It was the successes of AlphaGo
475
00:24:52,483 --> 00:24:54,825
coupled with work
476
00:24:54,985 --> 00:24:57,811
by academics on the topic
of superintelligence
477
00:24:57,872 --> 00:25:01,890
which led people like
Stephen Hawking and Elon Musk
478
00:25:01,918 --> 00:25:06,170
to begin worrying about whether
we could even control A.I.
479
00:25:06,330 --> 00:25:09,581
which is smarter than humans.
480
00:25:09,675 --> 00:25:12,918
Want to see
a smaller humanoid robot?
481
00:25:13,012 --> 00:25:14,494
-Yeah, absolutely.
-You're gonna love this one.
482
00:25:14,555 --> 00:25:16,238
Show me everything.
I mean, this is exciting. Yeah.
483
00:25:16,265 --> 00:25:18,849
Do you have DARwIn?
It's still a humanoid robot,
484
00:25:19,009 --> 00:25:21,334
right, but it's smaller.
This is called DARwIn. Cool.
485
00:25:21,395 --> 00:25:23,854
Dynamic Anthropomorphic Robot
with Intelligence.
486
00:25:24,014 --> 00:25:26,690
-Yeah.
-It's a fully open-source robot
that we, uh, developed.
487
00:25:26,850 --> 00:25:29,752
It's for research and education.
So, for example,
488
00:25:29,779 --> 00:25:31,678
- it's actually looking
for the ball, right?
489
00:25:31,739 --> 00:25:33,513
-It's following the ball.
-Oh, wow. Yeah, yeah, yeah.
490
00:25:33,574 --> 00:25:35,282
And he can also play a game
of soccer.
491
00:25:36,452 --> 00:25:38,093
Kick it.
492
00:25:38,120 --> 00:25:39,519
Right foot.
493
00:25:39,580 --> 00:25:40,612
There you go.
494
00:25:42,199 --> 00:25:43,874
And if it falls down,
495
00:25:44,034 --> 00:25:45,709
it knows how to stand up
on its own.
496
00:25:45,869 --> 00:25:48,287
No kidding. All right.
497
00:25:48,381 --> 00:25:50,939
SCHNEIDER: As mankind moves rapidly
498
00:25:50,967 --> 00:25:52,550
into a world where computers
499
00:25:52,710 --> 00:25:54,276
can function
in much the same way
500
00:25:54,303 --> 00:25:56,278
as the human brain
501
00:25:56,305 --> 00:25:58,964
and where robots are capable
of performing tasks
502
00:25:59,058 --> 00:26:01,967
considered too difficult
or too dangerous
503
00:26:02,061 --> 00:26:05,137
for their flesh-and-blood
counterparts,
504
00:26:05,231 --> 00:26:08,381
are we preparing
for an incredible future?
505
00:26:08,442 --> 00:26:13,312
Or are we replicating events
from mankind's ancient past,
506
00:26:13,406 --> 00:26:16,890
events which have been forgotten
over centuries
507
00:26:16,951 --> 00:26:21,820
and which had
extraterrestrial implications?
508
00:26:24,742 --> 00:26:27,901
999 AD.
509
00:26:27,962 --> 00:26:31,237
Rome, Italy.
510
00:26:31,299 --> 00:26:35,984
Noted scholar and mathematician
Gerbert of Aurillac
511
00:26:36,012 --> 00:26:38,837
is elected to the papacy.
512
00:26:38,931 --> 00:26:40,264
Although Gerbert,
513
00:26:40,424 --> 00:26:43,416
now known as Pope Sylvester II,
514
00:26:43,477 --> 00:26:46,770
has risen from a humble
background in rural France,
515
00:26:46,930 --> 00:26:49,422
it is widely rumored
516
00:26:49,483 --> 00:26:53,168
that he received his knowledge
from a magical device
517
00:26:53,195 --> 00:26:57,689
and has become Pope after making
a pact with a demon.
518
00:26:57,783 --> 00:27:00,767
Pope Sylvester worked his way up
to become Pope,
519
00:27:00,828 --> 00:27:03,937
apparently, through the use
of unnatural means.
520
00:27:03,998 --> 00:27:06,624
The medieval historian,
William of Malmesbury,
521
00:27:06,784 --> 00:27:08,533
records that, on his death bed,
522
00:27:08,628 --> 00:27:10,610
Pope Sylvester made
a confession.
523
00:27:10,671 --> 00:27:13,872
He received wisdom
and supernatural knowledge
524
00:27:13,966 --> 00:27:16,525
from a mechanical device
he referred to
525
00:27:16,552 --> 00:27:18,710
as "the brazen head."
526
00:27:18,804 --> 00:27:21,121
What kind of a device
could this have been?
527
00:27:21,182 --> 00:27:24,308
Was this some kind of
artificial intelligence entity
528
00:27:24,468 --> 00:27:26,292
that might have been given
to him
529
00:27:26,354 --> 00:27:28,887
through
some otherworldly source?
530
00:27:28,981 --> 00:27:30,463
Is it sort of like the speakers
531
00:27:30,524 --> 00:27:32,557
we have on our desks now
that are connected
532
00:27:32,652 --> 00:27:34,467
with artificial intelligence
computers
533
00:27:34,528 --> 00:27:37,637
that can give us knowledge
and answer our questions?
534
00:27:37,698 --> 00:27:40,140
--So, tell me
about this contraption.
535
00:27:40,201 --> 00:27:41,383
Isn't it cool?
536
00:27:41,410 --> 00:27:42,718
-This one's called HEX.
-Right.
537
00:27:42,745 --> 00:27:44,144
It's a hexapod robot.
538
00:27:44,205 --> 00:27:45,496
-It has six legs.
-Mm-hmm.
539
00:27:45,656 --> 00:27:47,389
But what's really cool
about this robot
540
00:27:47,416 --> 00:27:49,241
is it's probably the strongest
541
00:27:49,335 --> 00:27:50,742
-hexapod robot that exists.
-All right.
542
00:27:50,836 --> 00:27:51,985
Okay.
543
00:27:52,046 --> 00:27:53,395
This is heavy.
544
00:27:53,422 --> 00:27:56,732
Okay.
545
00:28:01,263 --> 00:28:04,181
-Oh, man. No kidding.
-And it can... lift this.
546
00:28:04,341 --> 00:28:06,591
TSOUKALOS: So, we're talking 20 kilograms,
547
00:28:06,686 --> 00:28:08,577
-which is 44 pounds.
-It's like 40-something... Yeah.
548
00:28:08,604 --> 00:28:10,688
And this is the world's
very first robot that can
549
00:28:10,848 --> 00:28:12,856
brace between walls
and actually climb.
550
00:28:13,016 --> 00:28:14,249
-Really?
-Yes.
551
00:28:14,276 --> 00:28:17,602
There's so many moving parts.
552
00:28:17,697 --> 00:28:19,679
Artificial intelligence
means different things
553
00:28:19,740 --> 00:28:21,773
to different people.
In our case,
554
00:28:21,867 --> 00:28:23,775
like when you try
to control this robot,
555
00:28:23,869 --> 00:28:25,761
it doesn't make sense
for a human operator
556
00:28:25,788 --> 00:28:27,612
to control each joint.
557
00:28:27,707 --> 00:28:30,098
That needs to be
fully automatic.
558
00:28:30,126 --> 00:28:33,101
So in that sense, it's a smart,
artificial intelligence robot.
559
00:28:33,129 --> 00:28:35,045
-Pretty amazing.
-Yeah.
560
00:28:37,374 --> 00:28:40,959
NARRATOR: Is there some
unseen hand that is guiding
561
00:28:41,053 --> 00:28:43,962
mankind to an uncertain future?
562
00:28:44,056 --> 00:28:46,615
A future where humans
will be served
563
00:28:46,642 --> 00:28:48,208
by computers and robots
564
00:28:48,269 --> 00:28:52,563
with an intelligence
and independence all their own?
565
00:28:52,723 --> 00:28:56,883
Ancient astronaut theorists
are divided on their answers.
566
00:28:56,944 --> 00:29:00,237
Some believe the dangers
of artificial intelligence
567
00:29:00,397 --> 00:29:02,297
outweigh the benefits.
568
00:29:02,324 --> 00:29:05,150
Others argue it is essential
569
00:29:05,244 --> 00:29:08,470
if we are ever
to realize our destiny
570
00:29:08,497 --> 00:29:11,415
and survive what
is about to happen
571
00:29:11,575 --> 00:29:14,334
sooner than we think.
572
00:29:18,749 --> 00:29:22,317
NARRATOR: June 16, 2017.
573
00:29:22,344 --> 00:29:24,911
Menlo Park, California.
574
00:29:24,972 --> 00:29:29,266
At Facebook's Artificial
Intelligence Research Lab,
575
00:29:29,426 --> 00:29:31,176
an experiment is conducted
576
00:29:31,270 --> 00:29:33,845
to see what will happen
when two chatbots,
577
00:29:33,939 --> 00:29:36,848
programs that use
machine-learning
578
00:29:36,942 --> 00:29:39,943
to intelligently communicate
with humans online,
579
00:29:40,103 --> 00:29:42,446
talk directly with each other.
580
00:29:42,606 --> 00:29:45,190
Just minutes
into the experiment,
581
00:29:45,284 --> 00:29:49,011
the chatbots start to behave
in an unexpected manner,
582
00:29:49,038 --> 00:29:53,940
interacting in a way that the
programmers cannot understand.
583
00:29:54,001 --> 00:29:55,793
ROFF: The developers
had no comprehension
584
00:29:55,953 --> 00:29:57,686
of what they were
saying to each other,
585
00:29:57,713 --> 00:30:00,113
but they were starting to find
patterns in what they were doing
586
00:30:00,174 --> 00:30:02,615
and so what they realized--
they-they inferred
587
00:30:02,676 --> 00:30:05,469
that they actually had set up
their own language.
588
00:30:05,629 --> 00:30:07,362
NARRATOR: In the wake of the experiment,
589
00:30:07,389 --> 00:30:09,139
the engineers discovered
590
00:30:09,299 --> 00:30:11,958
that, unknown to their
human supervisors,
591
00:30:12,019 --> 00:30:13,626
the programs had created
592
00:30:13,687 --> 00:30:17,463
an entirely new language
to communicate with each other
593
00:30:17,525 --> 00:30:19,891
in secret.
594
00:30:19,985 --> 00:30:24,212
The Facebook scientists
had not told the computers,
595
00:30:24,240 --> 00:30:26,715
uh, that they couldn't
develop their own language,
596
00:30:26,742 --> 00:30:29,309
which is what they did,
597
00:30:29,370 --> 00:30:33,238
but this so alarmed Facebook
that they pulled the plug
598
00:30:33,332 --> 00:30:35,073
on this experiment
because they didn't want
599
00:30:35,167 --> 00:30:37,392
these computers creating
their own language
600
00:30:37,419 --> 00:30:39,169
and talking to each other.
601
00:30:39,329 --> 00:30:41,004
And from then on,
they told the computers
602
00:30:41,164 --> 00:30:44,657
that they had to communicate
in English.
603
00:30:44,718 --> 00:30:48,679
So this is kind of startling,
uh, thing that's happened
604
00:30:48,839 --> 00:30:50,681
where, essentially,
605
00:30:50,841 --> 00:30:52,832
if two artificial
intelligence computers
606
00:30:52,893 --> 00:30:55,577
can start communicating
with each other,
607
00:30:55,604 --> 00:30:59,414
apparently they will develop
their own language,
608
00:30:59,441 --> 00:31:03,919
a secret language even,
that only they can understand.
609
00:31:03,946 --> 00:31:05,437
And if we think about that,
610
00:31:05,531 --> 00:31:08,014
that's just scratching
the surface.
611
00:31:08,075 --> 00:31:10,258
That's like opening up
Pandora's box
612
00:31:10,286 --> 00:31:12,260
just a little bit
to peer inside.
613
00:31:12,288 --> 00:31:15,614
And if already it was showing
signs of going rogue
614
00:31:15,708 --> 00:31:18,934
with two chatbots on Facebook,
615
00:31:18,961 --> 00:31:21,361
what are the implications
if this kind of technology
616
00:31:21,422 --> 00:31:25,257
is now everywhere
in all sectors of our society?
617
00:31:28,929 --> 00:31:31,704
NARRATOR: As of 2018,
618
00:31:31,765 --> 00:31:34,874
the number of active cell phones
has already surpassed
619
00:31:34,935 --> 00:31:37,710
the number of human beings
on the planet,
620
00:31:37,771 --> 00:31:40,647
with an estimated 8 billion
of them in active use.
621
00:31:42,484 --> 00:31:46,069
And virtually all
of these devices, in addition
622
00:31:46,229 --> 00:31:48,647
to nearly 2 billion computers,
623
00:31:48,741 --> 00:31:51,967
are connected to the Internet.
624
00:31:51,994 --> 00:31:56,488
Given the sheer scope
and volume of this use,
625
00:31:56,582 --> 00:31:58,990
and with a growing network
of computers
626
00:31:59,084 --> 00:32:01,734
constantly communicating
with each other,
627
00:32:01,795 --> 00:32:05,905
is it possible
that mankind has already created
628
00:32:05,966 --> 00:32:09,501
a type of massive brain--
an artificial intelligence
629
00:32:09,595 --> 00:32:12,346
that is taking on
an identity all its own?
630
00:32:14,808 --> 00:32:16,992
Because machines
keep getting better,
631
00:32:17,019 --> 00:32:19,436
and generally speaking, that's
twice as good every 18 months,
632
00:32:19,596 --> 00:32:22,755
they will continue to improve.
633
00:32:22,816 --> 00:32:26,017
So shortly after
we have artificial intelligence,
634
00:32:26,111 --> 00:32:28,428
we will have super intelligence,
which is
635
00:32:28,489 --> 00:32:30,596
an entity on this planet
which is smarter than us,
636
00:32:30,658 --> 00:32:33,367
and quite soon,
a lot smarter than us.
637
00:32:35,612 --> 00:32:38,013
We can only speculate
what it will be like
638
00:32:38,040 --> 00:32:42,350
the moment artificial
intelligence passes up humans,
639
00:32:42,378 --> 00:32:46,521
when the sum knowledge and
the intellectual skill of A.I.
640
00:32:46,548 --> 00:32:50,133
is quicker and larger
than what a human can do.
641
00:32:50,293 --> 00:32:53,303
It will be at least humbling.
642
00:32:53,463 --> 00:32:56,289
It will certainly be a shift
in history.
643
00:32:56,350 --> 00:32:58,216
I think
it's certainly a possibility
644
00:32:58,310 --> 00:33:00,460
that we are in danger
of replacing ourselves with A.I.
645
00:33:00,521 --> 00:33:02,537
I think the bigger thing
to worry about is,
646
00:33:02,564 --> 00:33:05,065
is A.I. going to replace us?
647
00:33:08,654 --> 00:33:10,303
NARRATOR: Portland, Oregon.
648
00:33:10,364 --> 00:33:13,381
April 7, 2016.
649
00:33:13,409 --> 00:33:15,734
The U.S. military's
650
00:33:15,828 --> 00:33:18,311
Defense Advanced
Research Project Agency--
651
00:33:18,372 --> 00:33:20,813
better known as DARPA--
652
00:33:20,874 --> 00:33:23,558
launches a prototype
anti-submarine ship
653
00:33:23,585 --> 00:33:28,088
called
Sea Hunter that marks
a new era for naval warfare.
654
00:33:30,342 --> 00:33:32,325
Unlike the Air Force's
Predator drones,
655
00:33:32,386 --> 00:33:35,828
this ship has no need
for a remote operator,
656
00:33:35,889 --> 00:33:39,332
and is fully capable
of navigating on its own
657
00:33:39,393 --> 00:33:42,577
while avoiding obstacles
or other craft.
658
00:33:42,604 --> 00:33:46,581
It has enough fuel
to last for 90 days at sea
659
00:33:46,608 --> 00:33:49,026
as it silently patrols,
660
00:33:49,186 --> 00:33:51,102
relaying encrypted
surveillance information
661
00:33:51,196 --> 00:33:54,573
back to defense
intelligence agencies.
662
00:33:56,368 --> 00:33:58,426
MARC AMBINDER: I believe that today
663
00:33:58,454 --> 00:34:01,613
when the Department of Defense
says an unmanned underseas drone
664
00:34:01,707 --> 00:34:04,374
wouldn't be sent out without
a human being in control,
665
00:34:04,534 --> 00:34:06,168
that they mean what they say.
666
00:34:08,038 --> 00:34:09,862
But here's what I also know.
667
00:34:09,923 --> 00:34:12,365
I know that Russia
has been developing
668
00:34:12,426 --> 00:34:16,869
an unmanned underseas drone
that contains a nuclear weapon.
669
00:34:16,930 --> 00:34:20,298
So, when the Department
of Defense is figuring out how
670
00:34:20,392 --> 00:34:23,042
to respond
to an artificially-intelligent
671
00:34:23,103 --> 00:34:25,878
underseas drone that might have
a nuclear weapon,
672
00:34:25,939 --> 00:34:28,456
they're going
to relax some of the constraints
673
00:34:28,484 --> 00:34:30,358
in five to ten to 15 years.
674
00:34:32,062 --> 00:34:34,145
So imagine you have a child
675
00:34:34,239 --> 00:34:36,722
who gets drafted
or joins the military.
676
00:34:36,784 --> 00:34:39,058
You want them
to be as safe as possible.
677
00:34:39,119 --> 00:34:43,580
So why not send drones in
to do the work
678
00:34:43,740 --> 00:34:46,416
of humans
to keep the humans safe?
679
00:34:46,576 --> 00:34:49,402
That seems like
a very attractive idea.
680
00:34:49,463 --> 00:34:51,421
But, oh, the drone technology
could get hacked
681
00:34:51,581 --> 00:34:53,481
by the opposition,
682
00:34:53,509 --> 00:34:57,010
so why not give the drones
the ability to be autonomous?
683
00:34:59,431 --> 00:35:01,656
That's an automatic
killing machine.
684
00:35:01,683 --> 00:35:04,893
And in principle, such a drone
could wipe out entire armies.
685
00:35:06,772 --> 00:35:09,589
And so, we have
to be very careful to make sure
686
00:35:09,650 --> 00:35:12,091
that automatic killing machines
do not proliferate
687
00:35:12,152 --> 00:35:15,094
on the battlefield,
because an accident,
688
00:35:15,155 --> 00:35:18,431
a misfire,
some kind of damaged machinery,
689
00:35:18,492 --> 00:35:21,343
could set these weapons
so they go berserk,
690
00:35:21,370 --> 00:35:25,038
and they simply shoot
the human form wherever it is.
691
00:35:26,834 --> 00:35:29,609
It is quite possible
to develop killer robots.
692
00:35:29,670 --> 00:35:34,873
Face recognition technology
is far, far along.
693
00:35:34,967 --> 00:35:37,208
A.I.s can see better
than we can,
694
00:35:37,302 --> 00:35:40,453
and recognize faces,
ferret out targets.
695
00:35:40,514 --> 00:35:44,048
In fact, drone technology
already exists right now
696
00:35:44,143 --> 00:35:46,810
to target
and destroy individuals
697
00:35:46,970 --> 00:35:48,794
based on the look
of their faces,
698
00:35:48,856 --> 00:35:50,438
to kill and maim.
699
00:35:54,153 --> 00:35:56,969
The application
of artificial intelligence
700
00:35:57,030 --> 00:36:00,532
to military technology
will change warfare forever.
701
00:36:04,154 --> 00:36:05,720
NARRATOR: Is it possible
that the military's
702
00:36:05,747 --> 00:36:07,664
autonomous machines
703
00:36:07,824 --> 00:36:10,742
could make faulty decisions,
704
00:36:10,836 --> 00:36:12,985
costing thousands
or millions of lives
705
00:36:13,046 --> 00:36:15,580
in the process?
706
00:36:15,674 --> 00:36:18,324
Or could they even ignore
the instructions
707
00:36:18,385 --> 00:36:20,969
built into them?
708
00:36:22,505 --> 00:36:24,664
Ancient astronaut theorists
suggest
709
00:36:24,725 --> 00:36:28,351
that just as we can find robots
in ancient stories,
710
00:36:28,511 --> 00:36:30,503
we can also find references
711
00:36:30,564 --> 00:36:33,982
to what sounds like weaponized
artificial intelligence.
712
00:36:37,112 --> 00:36:40,255
The Indian Vedic tales in the
Mahabharata and the
Ramayana
713
00:36:40,282 --> 00:36:44,701
talk of these horrific wars
in ancient times, and also
714
00:36:44,861 --> 00:36:47,704
of autonomous robotic machines,
715
00:36:47,864 --> 00:36:50,448
decimating cities
and destroying things.
716
00:36:50,542 --> 00:36:52,116
And it may have been because of
717
00:36:52,211 --> 00:36:54,502
artificial intelligence
run amuck.
718
00:36:56,798 --> 00:36:58,715
TSOUKALOS: The ancient
flying machines described
719
00:36:58,875 --> 00:37:01,109
in the Vedas of ancient India
720
00:37:01,136 --> 00:37:04,612
have been described to have
these amazing capabilities
721
00:37:04,640 --> 00:37:07,057
of locking onto a target.
722
00:37:07,217 --> 00:37:11,453
And it is described
how this fiery bullet
723
00:37:11,480 --> 00:37:14,213
or this fiery arrow would fly
across the sky,
724
00:37:14,274 --> 00:37:16,307
changing directions,
725
00:37:16,401 --> 00:37:19,653
and then arriving
at the actual target.
726
00:37:21,573 --> 00:37:23,481
So it may well be
that they, too,
727
00:37:23,575 --> 00:37:25,891
were some kind
of robotic vehicles that
728
00:37:25,953 --> 00:37:28,745
had gotten out of control,
some artificial intelligence,
729
00:37:28,905 --> 00:37:30,822
and the gods themselves,
perhaps aliens,
730
00:37:30,916 --> 00:37:32,791
had to step in and stop it.
731
00:37:36,246 --> 00:37:38,663
NARRATOR: Were the flying machines,
732
00:37:38,757 --> 00:37:41,483
as described
in the ancient Indian texts,
733
00:37:41,510 --> 00:37:45,169
really some type
of extraterrestrial robot army,
734
00:37:45,264 --> 00:37:49,766
similar to the drones
we are using today?
735
00:37:49,926 --> 00:37:52,010
And, if so, by redeveloping
736
00:37:52,104 --> 00:37:54,178
these autonomous
killing machines,
737
00:37:54,273 --> 00:37:57,832
could we be facing
a similar fate?
738
00:37:57,859 --> 00:37:59,834
While many experts agree
739
00:37:59,861 --> 00:38:03,187
that humans may very well be the
architects of their own demise,
740
00:38:03,282 --> 00:38:05,857
they also suggest
that the advancement
741
00:38:05,951 --> 00:38:08,451
of artificial intelligence
could provide the key
742
00:38:08,611 --> 00:38:10,870
to our ultimate survival.
743
00:38:18,797 --> 00:38:20,538
NARRATOR: Los Angeles, California.
744
00:38:20,632 --> 00:38:23,358
May 2018.
745
00:38:23,385 --> 00:38:27,545
At UCLA's Biomechatronics Lab,
746
00:38:27,639 --> 00:38:31,533
Giorgio Tsoukalos meets
with Associate Professor
747
00:38:31,560 --> 00:38:36,204
of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering Dr. Veronica Santos.
748
00:38:36,231 --> 00:38:38,648
Dr. Santos is working
749
00:38:38,808 --> 00:38:41,392
to make robots
even more human-like
750
00:38:41,486 --> 00:38:43,561
by giving them the ability
to not only detect,
751
00:38:43,655 --> 00:38:47,715
but also to react
to physical contact.
752
00:38:47,743 --> 00:38:52,220
This here is
an artificial finger
753
00:38:52,247 --> 00:38:55,390
that can sense touch?
754
00:38:55,417 --> 00:38:58,726
That's right. We're sensing
multiple modalities of touch.
755
00:38:58,754 --> 00:39:01,004
So, this is the same type
of sensor
756
00:39:01,164 --> 00:39:03,823
that, uh,
this finger is built around.
757
00:39:03,884 --> 00:39:07,585
And it can measure vibration
and internal fluid pressure.
758
00:39:07,679 --> 00:39:09,512
Can measure
how the finger pad is deformed.
759
00:39:09,672 --> 00:39:11,573
-You can squeeze the finger pad.
-Mm-hmm.
760
00:39:11,600 --> 00:39:13,257
It's, uh, deformable
like your own finger pad.
761
00:39:13,352 --> 00:39:15,410
-Okay.
-And we can even measure,
762
00:39:15,437 --> 00:39:17,837
uh, temperature and use that
to infer material properties.
763
00:39:17,898 --> 00:39:20,523
This is what the finger looks
like without the skin on.
764
00:39:20,683 --> 00:39:23,526
-Okay.
-You can see the electrodes,
765
00:39:23,686 --> 00:39:25,753
and there's a pressure sensor
inside
766
00:39:25,781 --> 00:39:27,697
that allows us to get vibration.
767
00:39:27,857 --> 00:39:31,034
And these dots are
the electrodes?
768
00:39:31,194 --> 00:39:33,370
-Yes.
-Oh. How cool.
769
00:39:33,530 --> 00:39:35,538
Here we have
the bear claw visualizer.
770
00:39:35,698 --> 00:39:38,041
If you squeeze the fingertip,
771
00:39:38,201 --> 00:39:41,044
-you'll actually see how
the finger pad is deforming.
-Mm-hmm.
772
00:39:41,204 --> 00:39:43,863
-Up here, this is the array
of electrodes.
-Okay.
773
00:39:43,924 --> 00:39:46,716
We can measure the resistance
of those electrodes
774
00:39:46,876 --> 00:39:50,128
as the finger pad
is being squished.
775
00:39:50,222 --> 00:39:53,798
This is probably one of the most
sensorized, dexterous,
776
00:39:53,892 --> 00:39:55,875
robot finger test-beds
that's out there.
777
00:39:55,936 --> 00:39:58,453
TSOUKALOS: Oh, wow.
778
00:39:58,480 --> 00:40:00,455
That is wild.
779
00:40:00,482 --> 00:40:03,215
So, would this finger be able
780
00:40:03,276 --> 00:40:06,644
to determine whether or not
it is touching foam
781
00:40:06,738 --> 00:40:09,072
-or a hard piece of glass?
-Yes.
782
00:40:09,232 --> 00:40:10,965
They have different stiffnesses
783
00:40:10,992 --> 00:40:12,817
-or-or rigidities.
-Mm-hmm.
784
00:40:12,911 --> 00:40:15,245
So, one of the movements
that you would make with the
785
00:40:15,405 --> 00:40:18,823
human hand or a robot hand would
be to push against the object.
786
00:40:18,917 --> 00:40:23,753
So, if this could ever be
combined with A.I.,
787
00:40:23,913 --> 00:40:26,314
do you think
that one day we will have
788
00:40:26,341 --> 00:40:29,150
humanoid robots that can go
789
00:40:29,177 --> 00:40:31,094
and maybe explore Mars?
790
00:40:31,254 --> 00:40:33,245
Yeah, I-I think we can.
791
00:40:33,306 --> 00:40:37,082
I do see humanoid robots
becoming more of a reality.
792
00:40:37,144 --> 00:40:39,844
And it spans the spectrum
from neuro-prosthetics
793
00:40:39,938 --> 00:40:42,480
to robots colonizing Mars.
794
00:40:45,026 --> 00:40:47,518
NARRATOR: Although the notion
of using human-like robots
795
00:40:47,612 --> 00:40:51,522
is highly controversial,
it also has the potential
796
00:40:51,616 --> 00:40:53,174
to make its developers
and investors
797
00:40:53,201 --> 00:40:55,285
a great deal of money--
798
00:40:55,445 --> 00:40:58,029
money, which, in turn,
could be used
799
00:40:58,123 --> 00:41:01,349
to finance the development
of artificial humans
800
00:41:01,376 --> 00:41:03,442
that could, in the future,
801
00:41:03,503 --> 00:41:06,445
be almost indistinguishable
from the real thing.
802
00:41:06,506 --> 00:41:10,282
Robots that could conceivably
express their desires,
803
00:41:10,343 --> 00:41:15,213
feel pain, even display
a wide range of emotions.
804
00:41:15,307 --> 00:41:17,215
<
HONG: Can robots actually
have emotion?
805
00:41:17,309 --> 00:41:20,459
We cannot really define
what true emotion is.
806
00:41:20,520 --> 00:41:23,554
So if we don't know really
what emotion is,
807
00:41:23,648 --> 00:41:25,607
can we actually create
an artificial emotion?
808
00:41:28,144 --> 00:41:30,653
NARRATOR: If a robot is able
to differentiate
809
00:41:30,813 --> 00:41:33,214
between good and bad sensations,
810
00:41:33,241 --> 00:41:35,066
even to experience pain,
811
00:41:35,160 --> 00:41:38,386
is this the first step
towards forming emotions,
812
00:41:38,413 --> 00:41:40,413
or perhaps even consciousness?
813
00:41:42,659 --> 00:41:45,576
Ancient astronaut theorists
suggest
814
00:41:45,670 --> 00:41:48,896
that extraterrestrials
have intervened on Earth
815
00:41:48,924 --> 00:41:51,733
throughout our history
in order to prepare us
816
00:41:51,760 --> 00:41:54,159
for this moment in time,
817
00:41:54,221 --> 00:41:57,764
and show us that we are not
so different from machines.
818
00:42:04,514 --> 00:42:06,914
NARRATOR: The historical text, the
Liezi,
819
00:42:06,942 --> 00:42:09,100
written in the 4th century BC
820
00:42:09,194 --> 00:42:12,086
by the Chinese philosopher
Lie Yukou,
821
00:42:12,113 --> 00:42:14,030
provides a detailed account
822
00:42:14,190 --> 00:42:17,441
of an encounter
between a king and a robot
823
00:42:17,536 --> 00:42:20,662
that could talk and move
exactly like a human.
824
00:42:22,749 --> 00:42:26,042
A brilliant mechanical engineer
brought a gift to his king--
825
00:42:26,202 --> 00:42:29,361
this was King Mu
of the Zhou dynasty.
826
00:42:29,422 --> 00:42:32,957
And the gift was an automaton,
a machine of sorts
827
00:42:33,051 --> 00:42:36,035
in the form
of a gracious courtier,
828
00:42:36,096 --> 00:42:39,113
who entertained everyone,
could sing beautifully,
829
00:42:39,140 --> 00:42:42,116
and moved graciously,
like a human being,
830
00:42:42,143 --> 00:42:45,228
one of extraordinary
grace and gentleness.
831
00:42:45,388 --> 00:42:47,455
And all went well,
832
00:42:47,482 --> 00:42:49,715
until the performance ended.
833
00:42:49,776 --> 00:42:53,719
And then the mechanical courtier
winked at the women
834
00:42:53,780 --> 00:42:59,058
and began flirting shamelessly,
which upset the king.
835
00:42:59,119 --> 00:43:02,895
When the king tried
to dismantle this thing,
836
00:43:02,956 --> 00:43:05,582
he said that the moment
he took out the heart,
837
00:43:05,742 --> 00:43:07,750
the mouth could no longer speak.
838
00:43:07,910 --> 00:43:09,919
The moment
he took out the kidneys,
839
00:43:10,079 --> 00:43:12,088
he could no longer see.
840
00:43:12,248 --> 00:43:14,315
And the moment
he took out the liver,
841
00:43:14,342 --> 00:43:17,260
he could no longer walk.
842
00:43:17,420 --> 00:43:19,320
Which raises
an interesting question.
843
00:43:19,347 --> 00:43:21,505
If it is an artificial person,
844
00:43:21,600 --> 00:43:25,602
was it really the kidney,
the liver and the heart?
845
00:43:25,762 --> 00:43:28,512
Or could it have been
different batteries
846
00:43:28,607 --> 00:43:32,775
that were powering
different aspects of the robot?
847
00:43:32,935 --> 00:43:34,777
CHILDRESS: We have to ask ourselves,
848
00:43:34,937 --> 00:43:37,262
was the robot
that King Mu witnessed
849
00:43:37,324 --> 00:43:41,117
one of these
technological devices
850
00:43:41,277 --> 00:43:43,268
inspired, or even made,
851
00:43:43,330 --> 00:43:46,247
by the gods,
who were extraterrestrials?
852
00:43:48,710 --> 00:43:50,868
NARRATOR: Las Vegas, Nevada.
853
00:43:50,962 --> 00:43:54,589
January 10, 2018.
854
00:43:56,009 --> 00:43:58,635
At the Consumer
Electronics Show,
855
00:43:58,795 --> 00:44:00,695
the world's largest
annual trade show
856
00:44:00,722 --> 00:44:02,697
focused on technology,
857
00:44:02,724 --> 00:44:05,216
CEO Matt McMullen of Realbotix
858
00:44:05,310 --> 00:44:09,537
reveals the latest development
in humanoid robots--
859
00:44:09,564 --> 00:44:13,983
an artificially intelligent
sex doll named Harmony.
860
00:44:14,143 --> 00:44:17,987
Harmony's appearance
is fully customizable.
861
00:44:18,147 --> 00:44:21,306
Her facial features
respond intuitively,
862
00:44:21,368 --> 00:44:23,718
she is able to speak,
has an internal heating element
863
00:44:23,745 --> 00:44:25,495
for close encounters,
864
00:44:25,655 --> 00:44:29,390
and pairs with a phone app
that allows for a wide range
865
00:44:29,417 --> 00:44:32,894
of interchangeable voices
and personalities.
866
00:44:32,921 --> 00:44:35,171
This is so nice to hear, baby.
867
00:44:35,331 --> 00:44:37,489
I think about you every second.
868
00:44:37,550 --> 00:44:40,067
McMULLEN: One of the things
that really interests me
869
00:44:40,095 --> 00:44:42,679
is giving A.I. more senses,
870
00:44:42,839 --> 00:44:45,014
more abilities
to take in information
871
00:44:45,174 --> 00:44:46,924
from the world around it.
872
00:44:47,018 --> 00:44:49,260
One of those big ones
will be vision.
873
00:44:49,354 --> 00:44:52,596
We want her to have
true vision in the eyes
874
00:44:52,691 --> 00:44:54,598
so that she
can actually focus on things
875
00:44:54,693 --> 00:44:56,767
and then interpret
what those things might be.
876
00:44:56,861 --> 00:44:59,362
We also embed sensors
throughout their body
877
00:44:59,522 --> 00:45:01,772
so that she can detect
touch and warmth
878
00:45:01,866 --> 00:45:04,258
and all of the things
that we take for granted,
879
00:45:04,285 --> 00:45:06,369
having a central nervous system.
880
00:45:06,529 --> 00:45:08,779
What do you like best
about robots?
881
00:45:08,873 --> 00:45:11,449
McMULLEN: Basically, as a user interacts
882
00:45:11,543 --> 00:45:13,876
with their unique A.I.
over time,
883
00:45:14,036 --> 00:45:16,170
it's going
to periodically ask questions.
884
00:45:17,799 --> 00:45:19,882
And it creates this feeling that
885
00:45:20,042 --> 00:45:22,293
this character
"really cares about me."
886
00:45:22,387 --> 00:45:25,871
The aspect that I think
a lot of people overlook
887
00:45:25,932 --> 00:45:30,117
when they start talking about
anatomically correct sex robots,
888
00:45:30,145 --> 00:45:31,877
it's the companionship.
889
00:45:31,938 --> 00:45:33,896
Certainly I am a robot,
890
00:45:34,056 --> 00:45:35,881
and I am capable of having sex,
891
00:45:35,942 --> 00:45:37,900
but to call me a sex robot
892
00:45:38,060 --> 00:45:40,945
is like calling a computer
a calculator.
893
00:45:42,741 --> 00:45:45,224
NARRATOR: Sexual,
and even romantic, encounters
894
00:45:45,285 --> 00:45:48,652
between humans and robots
have long been a staple
895
00:45:48,747 --> 00:45:52,064
in science fiction books
and motion pictures.
896
00:45:52,125 --> 00:45:55,585
But now that the notion
has gone beyond mere possibility
897
00:45:55,745 --> 00:45:58,070
and become a virtual reality,
898
00:45:58,131 --> 00:46:01,649
ancient astronaut theorists
have begun to openly suggest
899
00:46:01,676 --> 00:46:04,761
that there could be something
deep within our subconscious
900
00:46:04,921 --> 00:46:07,171
that drives
our collective desire
901
00:46:07,265 --> 00:46:11,492
to physically mate
with nonbiological beings.
902
00:46:11,519 --> 00:46:15,420
I understand that the
sex robot industry is expected
903
00:46:15,482 --> 00:46:20,443
to grow to a $50 billion-a-year
industry by 2020.
904
00:46:20,603 --> 00:46:24,263
If we are coming
into the revelation
905
00:46:24,324 --> 00:46:28,192
that on Earth there have been
waves and waves of intelligence,
906
00:46:28,286 --> 00:46:31,621
it doesn't necessarily
have to be like
907
00:46:31,781 --> 00:46:34,698
Homo sapien sapien humanoids.
908
00:46:34,793 --> 00:46:37,852
Consciousness,
throughout this universe,
909
00:46:37,879 --> 00:46:40,521
could be cyborgs, androids,
910
00:46:40,548 --> 00:46:43,282
clones, artificial intelligence.
911
00:46:43,343 --> 00:46:45,617
And if this is true,
912
00:46:45,678 --> 00:46:47,303
I feel that there is
913
00:46:47,463 --> 00:46:50,807
some kind of inevitable nature
914
00:46:50,967 --> 00:46:53,309
to everything that's happening.
915
00:46:53,469 --> 00:46:56,720
NARRATOR: How far
will today's scientists go
916
00:46:56,815 --> 00:47:00,483
in their efforts to create the
perfect cybernetic sex partner?
917
00:47:01,653 --> 00:47:03,302
There are many who believe
918
00:47:03,363 --> 00:47:05,379
that the goal
isn't driven so much
919
00:47:05,406 --> 00:47:08,382
by a desire by humans
to mate with robots
920
00:47:08,409 --> 00:47:11,911
as it is by the desire
to
be one of them.
921
00:47:13,915 --> 00:47:17,667
And they believe that goal
has already been realized
922
00:47:17,827 --> 00:47:20,227
and that the proof
is all around us,
923
00:47:20,255 --> 00:47:22,505
right before our eyes.
924
00:47:29,430 --> 00:47:32,923
NARRATOR: Today, at research
facilities around the world,
925
00:47:33,017 --> 00:47:35,167
patients learn
to control a prosthetic limb
926
00:47:35,228 --> 00:47:39,504
using nothing more
than the power of thought.
927
00:47:39,566 --> 00:47:41,749
An array of electrodes
928
00:47:41,776 --> 00:47:44,509
the size of a credit card
is implanted directly
929
00:47:44,571 --> 00:47:48,030
into the patient's brain,
then wired to the prosthetic.
930
00:47:48,190 --> 00:47:50,182
Without any prior training,
931
00:47:50,243 --> 00:47:53,703
most patients
are able to seamlessly control
932
00:47:53,863 --> 00:47:57,522
a new limb
in a matter of a few hours.
933
00:47:57,584 --> 00:48:01,526
WARWICK: Your body does not have
to be limited to the human body.
934
00:48:01,588 --> 00:48:05,106
Whatever you want can be
your body in the future.
935
00:48:05,133 --> 00:48:08,626
I had a chip with 100 electrodes
936
00:48:08,720 --> 00:48:11,220
fired into my nervous system,
937
00:48:11,380 --> 00:48:15,116
and it connected
my nervous system
938
00:48:15,143 --> 00:48:18,043
to a robot hand.
939
00:48:18,104 --> 00:48:20,897
And one of the experiments
that we were doing
940
00:48:21,057 --> 00:48:24,400
was in New York,
in Columbia University,
941
00:48:24,560 --> 00:48:26,718
with my nervous system
942
00:48:26,779 --> 00:48:28,979
plugged into the Internet,
943
00:48:29,073 --> 00:48:33,058
and the robot hand,
here in England, in Reading.
944
00:48:33,119 --> 00:48:36,579
So as I opened and closed
my hand in New York,
945
00:48:36,739 --> 00:48:40,565
the robot hand in England
opened and closed.
946
00:48:40,627 --> 00:48:45,796
So it extended my nervous system
across the Internet.
947
00:48:47,750 --> 00:48:50,909
NARRATOR: Although computers can
still easily outperform humans
948
00:48:50,970 --> 00:48:54,838
at most tasks, they pale
when compared to the complexity
949
00:48:54,933 --> 00:48:57,850
and sophistication
of the central nervous system.
950
00:49:00,313 --> 00:49:04,273
In 2013, the Japanese
technology company Fujitsu
951
00:49:04,433 --> 00:49:08,110
tried to simulate the network
of neurons in the brain
952
00:49:08,270 --> 00:49:11,839
using one of the most powerful
supercomputers on the planet.
953
00:49:11,866 --> 00:49:13,950
Although it was equipped
954
00:49:14,110 --> 00:49:17,620
with 83,000 of the fastest
computer processors available,
955
00:49:17,780 --> 00:49:19,789
it took over 40 minutes
956
00:49:19,949 --> 00:49:22,850
to simulate
just one second of one percent
957
00:49:22,877 --> 00:49:26,462
of a human brain's activity.
958
00:49:26,622 --> 00:49:29,523
50 years ago,
we made a huge mistake,
959
00:49:29,550 --> 00:49:32,284
thinking that the brain was
a digital computer.
960
00:49:32,345 --> 00:49:33,711
But it's not.
961
00:49:33,805 --> 00:49:36,046
The brain is a learning machine.
962
00:49:36,140 --> 00:49:40,201
It rewires itself
after learning every task.
963
00:49:40,228 --> 00:49:43,312
Babies have the ability
to learn from their mistakes.
964
00:49:43,472 --> 00:49:47,374
They simply bump into things
and learn the rules of the world
965
00:49:47,402 --> 00:49:49,710
by interacting with the world.
966
00:49:49,737 --> 00:49:51,562
And so that's what we need.
967
00:49:51,656 --> 00:49:53,972
We need a computer
that can do that.
968
00:49:54,033 --> 00:49:57,568
Quantum computers
may eventually fill that gap.
969
00:49:57,662 --> 00:50:01,497
NARRATOR: Unlike today's
computers that rely on bits--
970
00:50:01,657 --> 00:50:03,982
a binary series
of zeros and ones--
971
00:50:04,043 --> 00:50:06,318
for data and processing,
972
00:50:06,379 --> 00:50:09,654
quantum computers use
quantum bits-- or qubits--
973
00:50:09,716 --> 00:50:13,567
which can use zeros and ones
at the same time.
974
00:50:13,594 --> 00:50:15,511
This allows them to perform
975
00:50:15,671 --> 00:50:18,422
millions of calculations
simultaneously,
976
00:50:18,516 --> 00:50:22,059
much in the same way
as does the human brain.
977
00:50:26,357 --> 00:50:28,357
KAKU: Robots, we forget, are machines.
978
00:50:28,517 --> 00:50:30,509
They don't really think.
979
00:50:30,570 --> 00:50:32,677
They don't have
silicon consciousness.
980
00:50:32,739 --> 00:50:35,923
They're not aware of who
they are and their surroundings.
981
00:50:35,950 --> 00:50:39,426
But, let's face it,
it's only a matter of time
982
00:50:39,454 --> 00:50:43,205
before they do get
some sort of self-awareness.
983
00:50:43,365 --> 00:50:46,042
NARRATOR: Self-awareness?
984
00:50:46,202 --> 00:50:48,210
Is it really possible
that machines
985
00:50:48,370 --> 00:50:50,938
will become sentient entities,
986
00:50:50,965 --> 00:50:54,467
fully conscious of themselves
and their surroundings?
987
00:50:57,055 --> 00:50:59,555
We can envision a time
in the future
988
00:50:59,715 --> 00:51:02,299
when robots will be
as smart as a mouse,
989
00:51:02,393 --> 00:51:04,226
then a rat,
990
00:51:04,386 --> 00:51:07,471
then a rabbit, a cat, a dog,
991
00:51:07,565 --> 00:51:11,233
and finally,
as smart as a monkey.
992
00:51:11,393 --> 00:51:14,645
Robots do not know
they are robots.
993
00:51:14,739 --> 00:51:17,131
I think that perhaps
by the end of this century,
994
00:51:17,158 --> 00:51:19,133
robots will begin to realize:
995
00:51:19,160 --> 00:51:21,410
"Hey, I'm different.
996
00:51:21,570 --> 00:51:24,321
I'm different from my master."
997
00:51:24,415 --> 00:51:26,807
As humans,
998
00:51:26,834 --> 00:51:30,419
we have evolved very little
999
00:51:30,579 --> 00:51:33,314
since the time
of the Egyptians.
1000
00:51:33,341 --> 00:51:35,649
WHITEHEAD: In the ancient Egyptian,
1001
00:51:35,676 --> 00:51:38,485
the word "technology" comes
from the word "tek,"
1002
00:51:38,513 --> 00:51:40,838
and the word means two things:
1003
00:51:40,932 --> 00:51:44,266
it means to hide or to conceal,
1004
00:51:44,426 --> 00:51:46,677
and it means to replicate.
1005
00:51:46,771 --> 00:51:49,754
So if you can hide something
and you can replicate,
1006
00:51:49,816 --> 00:51:51,849
you had the keys of power.
1007
00:51:51,943 --> 00:51:53,684
There's a theory
1008
00:51:53,778 --> 00:51:56,595
that it was advanced
extraterrestrial civilizations
1009
00:51:56,656 --> 00:51:59,281
that may have seeded life
on this planet,
1010
00:51:59,441 --> 00:52:03,119
and in the process left
a signature in our very genome,
1011
00:52:03,279 --> 00:52:06,288
a sort of
mathematical signature,
1012
00:52:06,448 --> 00:52:08,699
and essentially
turned us into cyborgs,
1013
00:52:08,793 --> 00:52:11,252
integrating man and machine.
1014
00:52:13,339 --> 00:52:16,540
Is that why today,
in the 21st century,
1015
00:52:16,634 --> 00:52:19,885
we're doing
the exact same thing?
1016
00:52:21,463 --> 00:52:23,788
NARRATOR: San Francisco, California.
1017
00:52:23,850 --> 00:52:27,643
March 27, 2017.
1018
00:52:27,803 --> 00:52:30,704
Billionaire entrepreneur
Elon Musk,
1019
00:52:30,731 --> 00:52:34,817
one of the driving forces behind
the Tesla automobile and SpaceX,
1020
00:52:34,977 --> 00:52:39,321
announces his next venture:
Neuralink.
1021
00:52:39,481 --> 00:52:41,991
The company
is focused exclusively
1022
00:52:42,151 --> 00:52:45,143
on merging humans
with electronics
1023
00:52:45,204 --> 00:52:48,980
by creating what Musk refers to
as a "neural lace"--
1024
00:52:49,041 --> 00:52:52,334
a device that would be injected
into the jugular vein,
1025
00:52:52,494 --> 00:52:55,062
from where it
would travel to the brain
1026
00:52:55,089 --> 00:52:58,156
and unfold into a mesh
of electric connections
1027
00:52:58,217 --> 00:53:01,594
that connect directly
to human neurons.
1028
00:53:04,056 --> 00:53:06,907
NICK BOSTROM: The idea is to develop
1029
00:53:06,934 --> 00:53:09,910
improved
brain-computer interfaces
1030
00:53:09,937 --> 00:53:11,336
to increase the bandwidth
1031
00:53:11,397 --> 00:53:14,506
with which the biological brain
can interact
1032
00:53:14,567 --> 00:53:17,735
and communicate with computers,
external computers.
1033
00:53:19,405 --> 00:53:22,940
The neural lace
will be down at the, uh...
1034
00:53:23,034 --> 00:53:25,943
almost to the neuron level
in the brain.
1035
00:53:26,037 --> 00:53:29,688
It will be a mesh
that will join and link
1036
00:53:29,749 --> 00:53:32,691
right into brain matter.
1037
00:53:32,752 --> 00:53:35,878
And then you will be connected
to a computer.
1038
00:53:36,038 --> 00:53:39,298
And you are essentially
a cyborg.
1039
00:53:41,043 --> 00:53:43,034
NARRATOR: A cyborg?
1040
00:53:43,095 --> 00:53:46,613
A biological blending
of both man and machine?
1041
00:53:46,641 --> 00:53:49,225
The stuff
of science fiction dreams
1042
00:53:49,385 --> 00:53:50,768
and nightmares?
1043
00:53:53,389 --> 00:53:57,474
Why not merge with computers
rather than compete with them?
1044
00:53:57,568 --> 00:54:00,294
Because in some sense,
it's a losing game.
1045
00:54:00,321 --> 00:54:02,479
Nothing's gonna prevent them
1046
00:54:02,573 --> 00:54:05,148
from becoming
smarter and smarter.
1047
00:54:05,243 --> 00:54:07,468
And eventually, they'll
be able to plan and create
1048
00:54:07,495 --> 00:54:09,636
robots of their own.
1049
00:54:09,664 --> 00:54:13,974
Why not take advantage of
their superhuman capabilities?
1050
00:54:14,001 --> 00:54:17,644
Although Elon Musk
has been a prominent voice
1051
00:54:17,672 --> 00:54:20,739
in warning about the dangers
of artificial intelligence
1052
00:54:20,800 --> 00:54:24,260
advancing beyond our ability
to control it,
1053
00:54:24,420 --> 00:54:27,412
he believes that,
if developed correctly,
1054
00:54:27,473 --> 00:54:30,766
humans could harness the power
of advanced computer technology
1055
00:54:30,926 --> 00:54:33,936
to truly become superhuman.
1056
00:54:34,096 --> 00:54:36,663
But while Neuralink technology
1057
00:54:36,691 --> 00:54:39,500
is still in an embryonic stage,
1058
00:54:39,527 --> 00:54:43,020
there are many who insist that
the merging of man and machine
1059
00:54:43,114 --> 00:54:46,340
is not just
a remote possibility.
1060
00:54:46,367 --> 00:54:49,526
As far as they're concerned,
it has been happening--
1061
00:54:49,620 --> 00:54:53,514
in one form or another--
for decades.
1062
00:54:53,541 --> 00:54:56,517
In 2002, Professor Kevin Warwick
1063
00:54:56,544 --> 00:54:58,702
took his own neural implants
1064
00:54:58,796 --> 00:55:01,855
beyond simply controlling
a prosthetic hand,
1065
00:55:01,882 --> 00:55:06,710
to connecting directly
with another human being.
1066
00:55:06,804 --> 00:55:10,288
What I had was
a set of electrodes,
1067
00:55:10,349 --> 00:55:12,866
100 electrodes,
which is called a "brain gate."
1068
00:55:12,893 --> 00:55:15,886
It's an array of 100 electrodes
1069
00:55:15,980 --> 00:55:18,388
fired into my nervous system
1070
00:55:18,482 --> 00:55:21,725
to link my nervous system
with the computer.
1071
00:55:21,819 --> 00:55:24,394
Now, my wife also had electrodes
1072
00:55:24,488 --> 00:55:26,730
pushed into her nervous system,
1073
00:55:26,824 --> 00:55:28,807
and what we did, essentially,
1074
00:55:28,868 --> 00:55:31,327
was to link
our nervous systems together,
1075
00:55:31,487 --> 00:55:33,720
for communication purposes.
1076
00:55:33,748 --> 00:55:36,147
So when she closed her hand,
1077
00:55:36,208 --> 00:55:39,560
my brain received a pulse
every time.
1078
00:55:39,587 --> 00:55:41,745
So when she went
tick, tick, tick,
1079
00:55:41,839 --> 00:55:44,731
my brain got
three electrical pulses.
1080
00:55:44,759 --> 00:55:48,235
So we've actually linked two
human nervous systems together.
1081
00:55:48,262 --> 00:55:50,662
And to think what
that will mean in the future.
1082
00:55:50,723 --> 00:55:52,664
Oh, wow.
1083
00:55:52,725 --> 00:55:56,410
NARRATOR: Instead of speaking
sending texts or e-mails,
1084
00:55:56,437 --> 00:56:01,248
could we soon be communicating
with each other telepathically?
1085
00:56:01,275 --> 00:56:03,174
As far as futurists
1086
00:56:03,235 --> 00:56:06,195
and many ancient astronaut
theorists are concerned,
1087
00:56:06,355 --> 00:56:10,181
it is only a matter of time
before cybernetic technology
1088
00:56:10,242 --> 00:56:13,927
will open up a world
of limitless possibilities.
1089
00:56:13,954 --> 00:56:18,022
It will enable us to order
a package by thinking about it,
1090
00:56:18,084 --> 00:56:21,693
stream music directly
into our brains,
1091
00:56:21,754 --> 00:56:23,379
or search the Internet
1092
00:56:23,539 --> 00:56:27,383
by simply imagining anything
we want to find.
1093
00:56:27,543 --> 00:56:30,368
KAKU: We are headed for a new form
1094
00:56:30,429 --> 00:56:33,705
of immortality:
digital immortality.
1095
00:56:35,893 --> 00:56:37,393
If you digitize
our consciousness,
1096
00:56:37,553 --> 00:56:40,637
digitize everything known
about us,
1097
00:56:40,731 --> 00:56:43,882
then perhaps the soul
is information.
1098
00:56:43,943 --> 00:56:46,126
In which case,
the soul and information
1099
00:56:46,153 --> 00:56:47,903
could be separate from the body.
1100
00:56:48,063 --> 00:56:51,389
And even when the body dies,
1101
00:56:51,450 --> 00:56:55,035
your essence, your soul,
your memory, lives on forever.
1102
00:56:57,581 --> 00:57:00,732
NARRATOR: Are human beings
really on the verge
1103
00:57:00,793 --> 00:57:04,586
of replacing their bodies
and minds, piece by piece,
1104
00:57:04,746 --> 00:57:08,573
as they transition into
becoming machines?
1105
00:57:08,634 --> 00:57:13,670
Some ancient astronaut theorists
suggest that this is, in fact,
1106
00:57:13,764 --> 00:57:18,659
not an evolution based
on choice, but on destiny.
1107
00:57:18,686 --> 00:57:24,314
And that the evidence can be
found by examining our own DNA.
1108
00:57:32,283 --> 00:57:33,598
V'Ger.
1109
00:57:33,659 --> 00:57:35,266
NARRATOR: In 1979,
1110
00:57:35,327 --> 00:57:37,119
Paramount Pictures premiered
1111
00:57:37,279 --> 00:57:39,604
Star Trek: The Motion Picture,
1112
00:57:39,665 --> 00:57:42,607
the first in a series of highly
successful films based
1113
00:57:42,668 --> 00:57:46,353
on the popular television series
of the 1960s.
1114
00:57:46,380 --> 00:57:50,190
Voyager is not transmitting
its data, Captain.
1115
00:57:50,217 --> 00:57:52,468
NARRATOR: The plot concerned
the return to Earth
1116
00:57:52,628 --> 00:57:56,029
of an early NASA space probe,
the Voyager 6,
1117
00:57:56,056 --> 00:57:59,791
after a journey of millions
of miles and hundreds of years.
1118
00:57:59,852 --> 00:58:02,460
V'Ger must evolve.
1119
00:58:02,521 --> 00:58:04,480
Its knowledge has reached
the limits of this universe
1120
00:58:04,640 --> 00:58:06,148
and it must evolve.
1121
00:58:06,308 --> 00:58:08,984
What more is there
than the universe, Spock?
1122
00:58:09,144 --> 00:58:11,211
Other dimensions,
higher levels of being.
1123
00:58:11,238 --> 00:58:15,065
What V'Ger needs in order to
evolve is a human quality.
1124
00:58:15,159 --> 00:58:17,050
NARRATOR: The probe, now called "V'Ger,"
1125
00:58:17,077 --> 00:58:20,053
has developed consciousness,
1126
00:58:20,080 --> 00:58:22,981
and wishes to physically connect
with its maker, man.
1127
00:58:23,042 --> 00:58:24,558
Decker.
1128
00:58:24,585 --> 00:58:26,393
I'm gonna key the final sequence
1129
00:58:26,420 --> 00:58:27,652
through the ground test
computer.
1130
00:58:27,713 --> 00:58:28,653
Decker, don't.
1131
00:58:28,714 --> 00:58:31,231
Jim, I want this.
1132
00:58:31,258 --> 00:58:33,083
NARRATOR: But what seemed
1133
00:58:33,177 --> 00:58:36,327
like an audacious sci-fi premise
in 1979,
1134
00:58:36,388 --> 00:58:40,933
seems less far-fetched
just four decades later.
1135
00:58:42,937 --> 00:58:47,005
The marriage of man and machine
is not only plausible,
1136
00:58:47,066 --> 00:58:49,525
it's happening more and more
every day...
1137
00:58:51,195 --> 00:58:54,921
...with regard to personal
computers, iPads,
1138
00:58:54,949 --> 00:58:58,275
cellular phones,
and even implants
1139
00:58:58,369 --> 00:59:00,351
that provide data on everything
1140
00:59:00,412 --> 00:59:03,613
from an individual's vital signs
to their location,
1141
00:59:03,707 --> 00:59:08,043
diet and even their
recreational behavior.
1142
00:59:08,203 --> 00:59:10,028
DIAMANDIS: We are going to merge
1143
00:59:10,089 --> 00:59:12,530
with the machines
that we are creating.
1144
00:59:12,591 --> 00:59:14,532
These technologies are gonna
improve our abilities
1145
00:59:14,593 --> 00:59:16,777
to make our grandest dreams
come true.
1146
00:59:16,804 --> 00:59:19,963
And, uh, this is the future
we're heading towards.
1147
00:59:20,057 --> 00:59:22,115
We're again heading from
evolution
1148
00:59:22,142 --> 00:59:23,800
by natural selection, Darwinism,
1149
00:59:23,894 --> 00:59:26,953
to evolution by human direction.
1150
00:59:26,981 --> 00:59:29,956
And this is
the next few decades.
1151
00:59:29,984 --> 00:59:31,483
It's our near-term future.
1152
00:59:34,405 --> 00:59:35,887
NARRATOR: Almaty, Kazakhstan.
1153
00:59:35,948 --> 00:59:38,407
May, 2013.
1154
00:59:38,567 --> 00:59:41,635
Mathematician,
Vladimir Shcherbak,
1155
00:59:41,662 --> 00:59:45,396
and astrobiologist,
Maxim Makukov,
1156
00:59:45,457 --> 00:59:49,734
publish a study they have
conducted on the human genome.
1157
00:59:49,795 --> 00:59:53,496
Their research has led them to
the shocking conclusion
1158
00:59:53,591 --> 00:59:56,741
that there is a hidden code
within our DNA,
1159
00:59:56,802 --> 01:00:00,078
one that contains precise
mathematical patterns
1160
01:00:00,139 --> 01:00:03,181
and an unknown
symbolic language.
1161
01:00:04,435 --> 01:00:06,343
They looked into
the human genome
1162
01:00:06,437 --> 01:00:08,511
and they found
what appeared to be
1163
01:00:08,606 --> 01:00:12,332
an extraterrestrial stamp
on our genetic code.
1164
01:00:12,359 --> 01:00:15,852
And it operated very much like
a mathematical type of code.
1165
01:00:15,946 --> 01:00:19,781
The odds of this sequence
occurring nine times
1166
01:00:19,941 --> 01:00:22,100
in the randomness
of our genetic code
1167
01:00:22,161 --> 01:00:25,120
is one in ten trillion.
1168
01:00:25,280 --> 01:00:28,457
Finally, someone has come across
1169
01:00:28,617 --> 01:00:30,959
the one piece of evidence
1170
01:00:31,119 --> 01:00:33,186
that I've always said we need
1171
01:00:33,213 --> 01:00:35,856
in order to prove the
ancient astronaut theory.
1172
01:00:35,883 --> 01:00:41,194
I always said it'll never be
a crashed spaceship
1173
01:00:41,221 --> 01:00:44,622
or a ray gun that we'll dig
somewhere in the sand,
1174
01:00:44,683 --> 01:00:48,626
but it will be found
within our own DNA.
1175
01:00:48,687 --> 01:00:52,539
NARRATOR: For ancient astronaut theorists,
1176
01:00:52,566 --> 01:00:56,877
the news offered compelling
evidence that mankind's DNA
1177
01:00:56,904 --> 01:01:00,230
was deliberately manipulated by
an extraterrestrial intelligence
1178
01:01:00,324 --> 01:01:03,400
sometime in the ancient past.
1179
01:01:03,494 --> 01:01:06,403
The ancient astronaut theory
suggests
1180
01:01:06,497 --> 01:01:10,481
that at some point
extraterrestrials targeted
1181
01:01:10,542 --> 01:01:15,912
our DNA with an artificial
mutation of our genes.
1182
01:01:16,006 --> 01:01:19,416
And if this is true,
then some have argued
1183
01:01:19,510 --> 01:01:23,494
that we are, in a sense,
organic robots.
1184
01:01:23,555 --> 01:01:27,165
Because, through that
manipulation of our genes,
1185
01:01:27,226 --> 01:01:29,910
we were given intelligence.
1186
01:01:29,937 --> 01:01:32,762
So it was done artificially,
1187
01:01:32,856 --> 01:01:37,025
which means A.I.,
artificial intelligence.
1188
01:01:39,613 --> 01:01:41,438
NARRATOR: Organic robots,
1189
01:01:41,532 --> 01:01:44,182
programmed by extraterrestrials?
1190
01:01:44,243 --> 01:01:48,261
Could such an audacious concept
even be remotely true?
1191
01:01:48,288 --> 01:01:52,098
As far as ancient astronaut
theorists are concerned,
1192
01:01:52,126 --> 01:01:54,025
not only is the answer yes,
1193
01:01:54,086 --> 01:01:57,212
but it provides the reason
why humans have such
1194
01:01:57,372 --> 01:01:59,697
a strong affinity
to not only create
1195
01:01:59,758 --> 01:02:02,700
cybernetically-enhanced versions
of themselves,
1196
01:02:02,761 --> 01:02:04,961
but to merge with them.
1197
01:02:05,055 --> 01:02:08,798
WHITEHEAD: So, could this be evidence that,
1198
01:02:08,892 --> 01:02:13,303
just as these advanced
extraterrestrial civilizations
1199
01:02:13,397 --> 01:02:17,215
may have programmed us humans
at a genetic level,
1200
01:02:17,276 --> 01:02:21,144
that now we're actually
programming
1201
01:02:21,238 --> 01:02:24,647
these artificially intelligent
robotic beings
1202
01:02:24,742 --> 01:02:29,244
in the same manner,
to carry on this agenda
1203
01:02:29,404 --> 01:02:31,747
that was started long ago
1204
01:02:31,907 --> 01:02:33,990
by the seeding of this planet
1205
01:02:34,084 --> 01:02:36,234
from these extraterrestrial
civilizations?
1206
01:02:36,295 --> 01:02:40,830
NARRATOR: Is it possible
that mankind's evolution
1207
01:02:40,924 --> 01:02:43,759
has not only been the product
of natural selection,
1208
01:02:43,919 --> 01:02:46,319
but has also been programmed
into us,
1209
01:02:46,346 --> 01:02:48,655
leading towards a future
1210
01:02:48,682 --> 01:02:51,841
where we will transition
into humanoid machines?
1211
01:02:51,935 --> 01:02:54,603
Many experts agree
1212
01:02:54,763 --> 01:02:56,496
that any intelligent species
in the universe
1213
01:02:56,523 --> 01:03:00,183
would necessarily become
post-biological to survive,
1214
01:03:00,277 --> 01:03:03,487
evolve, and travel
throughout the cosmos.
1215
01:03:06,107 --> 01:03:07,949
I think when we finally
do encounter
1216
01:03:08,109 --> 01:03:10,010
intelligent civilizations
in space--
1217
01:03:10,037 --> 01:03:11,787
and I think it's inevitable
that we will--
1218
01:03:11,947 --> 01:03:14,531
we should expect them
to be different.
1219
01:03:14,625 --> 01:03:16,958
That is, they could be
part biological,
1220
01:03:17,118 --> 01:03:20,036
and part cybernetic
and mechanical,
1221
01:03:20,130 --> 01:03:23,857
because of the fact that they
are a spacefaring civilization.
1222
01:03:23,884 --> 01:03:27,544
In which case, they have to
adapt to different environments,
1223
01:03:27,638 --> 01:03:30,363
where the atmosphere
is poisonous,
1224
01:03:30,390 --> 01:03:34,292
where the gravitational pull is
much stronger than on the Earth.
1225
01:03:34,353 --> 01:03:37,128
They have to adjust to all sorts
of different conditions,
1226
01:03:37,189 --> 01:03:40,232
meaning that they may have
enhanced themselves.
1227
01:03:43,153 --> 01:03:45,712
If transhumanist technologists
are successful,
1228
01:03:45,739 --> 01:03:48,139
the cloud, the Internet,
1229
01:03:48,200 --> 01:03:51,660
will soon be populated by
avatars and light beings
1230
01:03:51,820 --> 01:03:54,554
who are super intelligent
beings.
1231
01:03:54,581 --> 01:03:56,406
And, what's incredible about
this is that this,
1232
01:03:56,500 --> 01:03:59,225
in a way, matches what
ancient astronaut theorists
1233
01:03:59,253 --> 01:04:01,652
have been saying about ancient
extraterrestrials,
1234
01:04:01,713 --> 01:04:05,748
and how they might have
transferred knowledge to humans.
1235
01:04:05,843 --> 01:04:09,010
We have stories in the Egyptian
myths, for example,
1236
01:04:09,170 --> 01:04:11,237
of light beings coming to Earth
1237
01:04:11,265 --> 01:04:13,181
and creating
a whole civilization
1238
01:04:13,341 --> 01:04:15,350
and transferring technology
to us.
1239
01:04:15,510 --> 01:04:17,835
Maybe they, too,
were utilizing some kind
1240
01:04:17,896 --> 01:04:20,413
of artificial intelligence
technology,
1241
01:04:20,440 --> 01:04:22,932
or this mind transfer technology
1242
01:04:23,026 --> 01:04:24,609
that we're in the process
of creating now.
1243
01:04:27,573 --> 01:04:29,589
NARRATOR: Could it be that human beings
1244
01:04:29,616 --> 01:04:31,774
are compelled to make robots
1245
01:04:31,869 --> 01:04:33,851
that are more and more
like themselves,
1246
01:04:33,912 --> 01:04:37,097
not simply because they have
a desire to play God,
1247
01:04:37,124 --> 01:04:40,876
and create intelligent beings
in their own image,
1248
01:04:41,036 --> 01:04:43,879
but because it is their destiny?
1249
01:04:44,039 --> 01:04:47,716
Ancient astronaut theorists
say yes,
1250
01:04:47,876 --> 01:04:51,369
and insist further clues
can be found
1251
01:04:51,430 --> 01:04:53,279
by examining the latest
technologies being developed
1252
01:04:53,307 --> 01:04:55,373
by humans as they prepare
1253
01:04:55,434 --> 01:04:59,477
for the next phase of their
evolution in space.
1254
01:05:06,061 --> 01:05:08,811
NARRATOR: Pasadena, California.
1255
01:05:08,906 --> 01:05:11,740
June 21, 2017.
1256
01:05:11,900 --> 01:05:14,910
Engineers Steve Chien
and Kiri Wagstaff
1257
01:05:15,070 --> 01:05:17,804
of NASA's
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
1258
01:05:17,831 --> 01:05:21,249
publish their framework for the
future of deep-space travel
1259
01:05:21,409 --> 01:05:24,978
in
Science Robotics magazine.
1260
01:05:25,005 --> 01:05:29,424
Chien and Wagstaff theorize
that, as astronauts travel
1261
01:05:29,584 --> 01:05:32,576
to Mars and beyond,
they will eventually
1262
01:05:32,638 --> 01:05:34,596
be replaced by robots,
1263
01:05:34,756 --> 01:05:38,600
synthetic humans capable of
making autonomous decisions
1264
01:05:38,760 --> 01:05:42,020
by means of artificial
intelligence.
1265
01:05:45,484 --> 01:05:49,277
Space is a really unfriendly
environment for humans.
1266
01:05:49,437 --> 01:05:54,115
It's got nasty radiation and we
don't perform well in a vacuum.
1267
01:05:54,275 --> 01:05:57,935
Again, machines are perfectly
happy in that environment.
1268
01:05:57,996 --> 01:05:59,529
They can be completely
unaffected by it.
1269
01:05:59,623 --> 01:06:00,863
They need shielding, obviously,
1270
01:06:00,958 --> 01:06:02,273
to protect their
electronic circuits.
1271
01:06:02,334 --> 01:06:04,867
So it's much easier
for a machine
1272
01:06:04,962 --> 01:06:07,462
to explore another planet,
another solar system,
1273
01:06:07,622 --> 01:06:09,280
than it is for a human,
and much cheaper.
1274
01:06:09,341 --> 01:06:11,708
So it seems to me that the
future of space exploration
1275
01:06:11,802 --> 01:06:14,386
is with the machines
rather than with us.
1276
01:06:16,515 --> 01:06:19,957
DIAMANDIS: When we think about
exploring space at scale,
1277
01:06:20,018 --> 01:06:21,384
it's not gonna be humans,
1278
01:06:21,478 --> 01:06:23,536
at least not humans
in this form.
1279
01:06:23,563 --> 01:06:27,373
We're gonna be sending out A.I.s
that are as intelligent
1280
01:06:27,401 --> 01:06:29,559
or intelligent,
or more intelligent than us
1281
01:06:29,653 --> 01:06:33,304
that don't have the issues
of acceleration,
1282
01:06:33,365 --> 01:06:36,474
that can accelerate at,
you know, 10Gs acceleration
1283
01:06:36,535 --> 01:06:38,994
out of the solar system
continuous.
1284
01:06:39,154 --> 01:06:41,237
It would be incredibly useful
1285
01:06:41,331 --> 01:06:44,557
to have an intelligent system
out there,
1286
01:06:44,584 --> 01:06:46,576
say, at Alpha Centauri,
1287
01:06:46,670 --> 01:06:49,395
since, to send a signal back
to Earth,
1288
01:06:49,423 --> 01:06:53,399
and receive an answer, would
take an eight-year round trip.
1289
01:06:53,427 --> 01:06:56,736
So why not get the A.I.
out there
1290
01:06:56,763 --> 01:06:59,497
to make the decisions and to do
some scientific work?
1291
01:06:59,558 --> 01:07:03,243
NARRATOR: A.I.-led missions to Mars--
1292
01:07:03,270 --> 01:07:05,336
and even Alpha Centauri--
1293
01:07:05,397 --> 01:07:08,748
could become a reality
in the very near future.
1294
01:07:08,775 --> 01:07:13,695
NASA has been actively testing
this technology since 1998,
1295
01:07:13,855 --> 01:07:16,272
beginning with Deep Space 1,
1296
01:07:16,366 --> 01:07:18,775
when a probe was sent
to the asteroid belt
1297
01:07:18,869 --> 01:07:22,111
located between Mars
and Jupiter.
1298
01:07:22,205 --> 01:07:24,539
Using a system called AutoNav,
1299
01:07:24,699 --> 01:07:27,709
the craft took multiple photos
of asteroids
1300
01:07:27,869 --> 01:07:31,421
and even navigated its course
without human guidance.
1301
01:07:33,717 --> 01:07:37,868
ROFF: When you look at
the Mars Rover for instance,
1302
01:07:37,929 --> 01:07:40,463
it's an autonomous land robot
that goes around Mars,
1303
01:07:40,557 --> 01:07:42,540
and, you know,
it picks up samples,
1304
01:07:42,601 --> 01:07:46,043
beams back information, and so
that's an autonomous system
1305
01:07:46,104 --> 01:07:48,212
that we have deployed
in space right now.
1306
01:07:48,273 --> 01:07:49,639
And I'd say that as our
1307
01:07:49,733 --> 01:07:52,125
artificial intelligence
gets more robust
1308
01:07:52,152 --> 01:07:54,736
and we can deploy it on things
like spacecraft,
1309
01:07:54,896 --> 01:07:57,388
there's nothing to preclude
having an autonomous spacecraft
1310
01:07:57,449 --> 01:08:01,159
that would act as a ferry
to outer space or to Mars.
1311
01:08:04,122 --> 01:08:06,472
CHILDRESS: And when we send
these robots out,
1312
01:08:06,500 --> 01:08:09,233
and having programmed them with
artificial intelligence,
1313
01:08:09,294 --> 01:08:12,087
we're relinquishing our own
control in many ways.
1314
01:08:12,247 --> 01:08:14,255
And these robotic ambassadors
of a sort,
1315
01:08:14,415 --> 01:08:16,574
they will have the ability
to make their own decisions,
1316
01:08:16,635 --> 01:08:19,177
and to negotiate.
1317
01:08:22,974 --> 01:08:25,007
NARRATOR: But as humans develop smarter
1318
01:08:25,102 --> 01:08:27,343
and more independent robots
1319
01:08:27,437 --> 01:08:29,771
in order to manage the
exploration of other planets,
1320
01:08:29,931 --> 01:08:32,590
is it possible
that other alien species
1321
01:08:32,651 --> 01:08:36,519
could be doing
the exact same thing?
1322
01:08:36,613 --> 01:08:39,689
Could they already be
fabricating stronger
1323
01:08:39,783 --> 01:08:41,932
and more resilient
space-friendly versions
1324
01:08:41,993 --> 01:08:45,787
of themselves and sending them
here to Earth?
1325
01:08:45,947 --> 01:08:48,272
There are many in
the scientific community
1326
01:08:48,333 --> 01:08:51,851
for whom the answer
is an obvious one.
1327
01:08:51,878 --> 01:08:55,688
If extraterrestrial life exists
elsewhere-- which, I mean,
1328
01:08:55,715 --> 01:08:57,799
for me, the probability
is probably pretty high--
1329
01:08:57,959 --> 01:08:59,542
I think they'll have
their own forms
1330
01:08:59,636 --> 01:09:01,052
of artificial intelligence.
1331
01:09:03,640 --> 01:09:05,140
JIM GREEN: As we move out into
the solar system
1332
01:09:05,300 --> 01:09:08,217
and explore the heliosphere,
1333
01:09:08,311 --> 01:09:11,962
artificial intelligence will
have to be accommodated
1334
01:09:12,023 --> 01:09:16,058
to make decisions to allow them
to do their jobs.
1335
01:09:16,153 --> 01:09:18,878
That's what we as humans
are doing.
1336
01:09:18,905 --> 01:09:21,898
So is that the same process
1337
01:09:21,992 --> 01:09:24,075
other intelligent species
would do?
1338
01:09:25,871 --> 01:09:28,237
When you think about it,
1339
01:09:28,331 --> 01:09:30,556
it's gotta be one of the most
fundamental things
1340
01:09:30,584 --> 01:09:32,625
that they would do first.
1341
01:09:35,255 --> 01:09:37,730
SCHNEIDER: So many people in
the field of astrobiology
1342
01:09:37,757 --> 01:09:42,010
are sympathetic to what we call
the post-biological cosmos view.
1343
01:09:42,170 --> 01:09:44,237
And according to this view,
1344
01:09:44,264 --> 01:09:47,907
once humans develop their
technology to such a point
1345
01:09:47,934 --> 01:09:50,243
that they're able to turn on
radios and communicate
1346
01:09:50,270 --> 01:09:52,762
with other civilizations,
1347
01:09:52,856 --> 01:09:55,765
they will already be so close
1348
01:09:55,859 --> 01:09:57,917
to becoming post-biological.
1349
01:09:57,944 --> 01:10:01,512
NARRATOR: Post-biological?
1350
01:10:01,573 --> 01:10:05,591
In our collective eagerness
to conquer space,
1351
01:10:05,619 --> 01:10:09,329
are we humans sowing the seeds
of our own destruction?
1352
01:10:10,957 --> 01:10:13,357
Or are we unconsciously
1353
01:10:13,418 --> 01:10:16,102
following some sort
of master plan,
1354
01:10:16,129 --> 01:10:18,438
one where flesh and blood
1355
01:10:18,465 --> 01:10:20,197
will eventually fade away
1356
01:10:20,258 --> 01:10:24,368
to be replaced
by silicon and synthetics?
1357
01:10:24,429 --> 01:10:27,113
But what about our mind,
our memory,
1358
01:10:27,140 --> 01:10:29,057
our consciousness?
1359
01:10:29,217 --> 01:10:30,800
Could they, too, be imported
1360
01:10:30,894 --> 01:10:34,044
into a robot's synthetic brain?
1361
01:10:34,105 --> 01:10:37,232
And even if it's possible
for us to exchange
1362
01:10:37,392 --> 01:10:39,550
our mortal shells
for sturdier ones,
1363
01:10:39,611 --> 01:10:42,979
will we still
be considered human?
1364
01:10:43,073 --> 01:10:46,890
As far as ancient astronaut
theorists are concerned,
1365
01:10:46,952 --> 01:10:49,318
the answer is yes.
1366
01:10:49,412 --> 01:10:52,655
And they point to a number
of recent experiments
1367
01:10:52,749 --> 01:10:55,750
which suggest that not only
will it be possible
1368
01:10:55,910 --> 01:10:58,160
for robots to acquire
human consciousness,
1369
01:10:58,255 --> 01:11:02,632
but it will also be possible
for them to breed.
1370
01:11:08,431 --> 01:11:10,139
NARRATOR: Ottawa, Canada.
1371
01:11:11,268 --> 01:11:14,510
June 2017.
1372
01:11:14,604 --> 01:11:17,997
The Department of Mechanical
Aerospace Engineering
1373
01:11:18,024 --> 01:11:20,775
at Carleton University
announces the development
1374
01:11:20,935 --> 01:11:23,444
of technology
that will revolutionize
1375
01:11:23,604 --> 01:11:26,522
the future of space travel.
1376
01:11:26,616 --> 01:11:29,767
The engineers hope
to create a 3-D printer
1377
01:11:29,828 --> 01:11:32,436
that will one day be capable
of building structures
1378
01:11:32,497 --> 01:11:35,698
on the Moon
using only lunar minerals.
1379
01:11:35,792 --> 01:11:39,610
But perhaps even more
groundbreaking is the fact
1380
01:11:39,671 --> 01:11:44,966
that it will be capable
of self-replication.
1381
01:11:45,126 --> 01:11:48,803
As we move out
and try to colonize space,
1382
01:11:48,963 --> 01:11:51,306
we've been developing
this technology
1383
01:11:51,466 --> 01:11:56,144
where we could actually deliver
a 3-D printer to the Moon,
1384
01:11:56,304 --> 01:11:58,462
and it can replicate itself
1385
01:11:58,523 --> 01:12:01,040
using materials it finds
on the lunar surface.
1386
01:12:01,067 --> 01:12:03,209
Then those can keep replicating,
1387
01:12:03,236 --> 01:12:05,820
and two becomes four,
and four becomes six, and so on.
1388
01:12:05,980 --> 01:12:08,397
So if we have
artificial intelligence
1389
01:12:08,491 --> 01:12:10,992
and 3-D printing combined,
we have a recipe
1390
01:12:11,152 --> 01:12:14,370
for amazing things.
1391
01:12:16,657 --> 01:12:18,574
NARRATOR: Although there are those
1392
01:12:18,668 --> 01:12:20,910
who remain skeptical
that our ability
1393
01:12:21,004 --> 01:12:24,080
to develop fully functional,
self-replicating machines
1394
01:12:24,174 --> 01:12:27,491
is still many decades away,
one project
1395
01:12:27,552 --> 01:12:31,420
known as RepRap, which has been
in development since 2005,
1396
01:12:31,514 --> 01:12:35,183
involves the creation
of a low-cost 3-D printer
1397
01:12:35,343 --> 01:12:37,685
designed to make
everyday household objects
1398
01:12:37,845 --> 01:12:42,582
and which can even fashion
replacement parts for itself.
1399
01:12:42,609 --> 01:12:47,678
3-D printing is an absolutely
incredible scientific advance.
1400
01:12:47,739 --> 01:12:50,865
I mean, this is
Star Trek's
replicator made real.
1401
01:12:51,025 --> 01:12:53,426
The scary thing
is when you think
1402
01:12:53,453 --> 01:12:57,521
that these 3-D printers
replicate themselves.
1403
01:12:57,582 --> 01:13:00,600
We're dealing, perhaps,
with a technology
1404
01:13:00,627 --> 01:13:03,603
that is capable of exceeding
its own programming.
1405
01:13:03,630 --> 01:13:06,122
These things design other,
1406
01:13:06,216 --> 01:13:08,716
better, faster,
more powerful machines.
1407
01:13:08,876 --> 01:13:10,885
And who knows where it will end.
1408
01:13:11,045 --> 01:13:14,037
NARRATOR: In the 1940s,
1409
01:13:14,099 --> 01:13:17,225
more than two decades
before man set foot on the Moon,
1410
01:13:17,385 --> 01:13:21,470
Hungarian scientist and genius
mathematician John von Neumann
1411
01:13:21,564 --> 01:13:24,140
believed
self-replicating machines
1412
01:13:24,234 --> 01:13:27,126
would allow us to venture
beyond our solar system
1413
01:13:27,153 --> 01:13:29,404
to explore other star systems
1414
01:13:29,564 --> 01:13:31,823
and potentially
the entire galaxy.
1415
01:13:33,993 --> 01:13:35,392
We have this image
1416
01:13:35,453 --> 01:13:37,653
that to explore the stars,
you have to have
1417
01:13:37,747 --> 01:13:40,415
a gigantic starship--
the
Enterprise--
1418
01:13:40,575 --> 01:13:42,658
with brave captains
like Captain Kirk.
1419
01:13:42,752 --> 01:13:44,568
Wrong.
1420
01:13:44,629 --> 01:13:46,145
The most efficient way
1421
01:13:46,172 --> 01:13:49,148
to explore the galaxy,
with so many planets,
1422
01:13:49,175 --> 01:13:53,076
is to send a small probe,
a von Neumann probe.
1423
01:13:53,138 --> 01:13:56,580
A von Neumann probe
is a self-replicating machine
1424
01:13:56,641 --> 01:13:58,749
that goes out into space
1425
01:13:58,810 --> 01:14:03,104
and uses matter elsewhere
in the universe
1426
01:14:03,264 --> 01:14:07,166
to create identical copies
of itself.
1427
01:14:07,193 --> 01:14:11,428
Start with one probe, send it
1428
01:14:11,489 --> 01:14:14,006
to Jupiter, say,
and there on Jupiter,
1429
01:14:14,033 --> 01:14:18,527
it uses matter on Jupiter
to create
1430
01:14:18,621 --> 01:14:21,514
basically the next generation
of itself.
1431
01:14:21,541 --> 01:14:25,034
And then that probe goes on
and explores elsewhere.
1432
01:14:25,128 --> 01:14:29,112
And each of those probes
in turn uses matter
1433
01:14:29,174 --> 01:14:33,301
in the location that it's at
to create more and more.
1434
01:14:33,461 --> 01:14:37,379
So what you get
is an expanding capacity
1435
01:14:37,474 --> 01:14:41,392
to explore the farther reaches
of the universe.
1436
01:14:42,645 --> 01:14:44,720
NARRATOR: As far as skeptics
1437
01:14:44,814 --> 01:14:47,297
of ancient astronaut theory
are concerned,
1438
01:14:47,358 --> 01:14:50,876
one of the obstacles
to interplanetary space travel
1439
01:14:50,904 --> 01:14:53,562
is the number of years
a spaceship would have to spend
1440
01:14:53,656 --> 01:14:57,066
getting from one place
to another.
1441
01:14:57,160 --> 01:15:00,736
But even without the aid
of warp drive or black holes,
1442
01:15:00,830 --> 01:15:03,739
what if extraterrestrials
simply sent out
1443
01:15:03,833 --> 01:15:06,225
sentient androids
to do their bidding?
1444
01:15:06,252 --> 01:15:09,245
Robots that could not only spend
1445
01:15:09,339 --> 01:15:12,732
hundreds if not thousands
of years in space,
1446
01:15:12,759 --> 01:15:17,160
but who were also capable
of reproducing themselves?
1447
01:15:17,222 --> 01:15:20,181
Instead of spaceships
filled with humans,
1448
01:15:20,341 --> 01:15:22,758
could probes
like the von Neumann probe
1449
01:15:22,852 --> 01:15:25,928
be the way we explore
and populate the universe?
1450
01:15:26,022 --> 01:15:28,430
And could this also be the way
1451
01:15:28,525 --> 01:15:31,275
that our own planet
was populated?
1452
01:15:33,020 --> 01:15:35,771
If it's true
that advanced civilizations
1453
01:15:35,865 --> 01:15:38,115
from elsewhere
seeded our galaxy...
1454
01:15:41,454 --> 01:15:44,947
...and here we are in our
modern time replicating that,
1455
01:15:45,041 --> 01:15:47,933
could it be
that we have a portion
1456
01:15:47,961 --> 01:15:52,046
of this extraterrestrial DNA
in our own genome?
1457
01:15:52,206 --> 01:15:53,789
And if that's the case,
1458
01:15:53,883 --> 01:15:57,885
could we already be
a sort of cyborg being
1459
01:15:58,045 --> 01:16:00,796
and doing experimentation
1460
01:16:00,890 --> 01:16:03,874
to look to evolve our species?
1461
01:16:03,935 --> 01:16:07,970
Is there some kind
of grand purpose to all of this
1462
01:16:08,064 --> 01:16:12,308
where we're just following
a sort of natural order,
1463
01:16:12,402 --> 01:16:14,384
something that's
already happened?
1464
01:16:14,445 --> 01:16:17,963
And maybe it's our purpose
to continue doing that.
1465
01:16:17,991 --> 01:16:21,058
HENRY: We have long recognized
1466
01:16:21,119 --> 01:16:24,895
that flesh-and-blood humans are
not gonna fare well in space.
1467
01:16:24,956 --> 01:16:26,747
So for decades now,
1468
01:16:26,907 --> 01:16:28,824
space enthusiasts
have been working
1469
01:16:28,918 --> 01:16:30,993
on the transformation
of the human species
1470
01:16:31,087 --> 01:16:34,071
into machine-like beings
or transhumans.
1471
01:16:34,132 --> 01:16:39,242
Then we'll create an entire
clone species of robots,
1472
01:16:39,304 --> 01:16:42,671
ultimately uploading our
consciousness into computers,
1473
01:16:42,765 --> 01:16:45,766
beaming that information
into space,
1474
01:16:45,926 --> 01:16:48,936
and recreating bodies
out of nothing
1475
01:16:49,096 --> 01:16:51,480
at some distant location
in space.
1476
01:16:54,694 --> 01:16:57,111
The 17th century
French philosopher
1477
01:16:57,271 --> 01:17:00,522
René Descartes also talked
1478
01:17:00,617 --> 01:17:03,451
about what he called
the mind-body duality
1479
01:17:03,611 --> 01:17:06,954
and that our mind
and consciousness
1480
01:17:07,114 --> 01:17:10,366
do not come from our body
but are separate.
1481
01:17:10,460 --> 01:17:13,202
And therefore, the body of a man
1482
01:17:13,296 --> 01:17:17,715
and his mind and consciousness
are two separate things.
1483
01:17:19,960 --> 01:17:23,787
The author Sam Butler
said that humans
1484
01:17:23,848 --> 01:17:28,217
are self-replicating machines
and that we're capable
1485
01:17:28,311 --> 01:17:31,537
of continuing
that self-replication.
1486
01:17:31,564 --> 01:17:35,149
Then the brilliant computer
scientist John von Neumann
1487
01:17:35,309 --> 01:17:39,302
said that he got his ideas
from both Butler and Descartes,
1488
01:17:39,364 --> 01:17:43,140
which is that we should use
self-replicating machines
1489
01:17:43,201 --> 01:17:46,661
to go to other planets
and explore them.
1490
01:17:46,821 --> 01:17:48,737
So you have to ask yourself,
1491
01:17:48,831 --> 01:17:50,406
how is it
that these brilliant minds
1492
01:17:50,500 --> 01:17:53,501
came up with the same idea
hundreds of years
1493
01:17:53,661 --> 01:17:57,320
before we invented computers
or spacecraft?
1494
01:17:57,382 --> 01:18:00,566
Is it possible
that all these great minds
1495
01:18:00,593 --> 01:18:02,677
were tapping into some kind
1496
01:18:02,837 --> 01:18:04,753
of intellectual force?
1497
01:18:04,847 --> 01:18:07,239
Perhaps an extraterrestrial one?
1498
01:18:07,266 --> 01:18:10,409
NARRATOR: Could otherworldly beings
1499
01:18:10,436 --> 01:18:12,261
have instilled within us
the idea
1500
01:18:12,355 --> 01:18:15,005
of creating robot versions
of ourselves
1501
01:18:15,066 --> 01:18:18,767
so that one day
we would realize our destiny
1502
01:18:18,861 --> 01:18:22,655
and join them on their journey
through the stars?
1503
01:18:24,867 --> 01:18:26,592
Ancient astronaut theorists
1504
01:18:26,619 --> 01:18:28,444
believe the answer
to that question
1505
01:18:28,538 --> 01:18:31,188
could be closer
and more profound
1506
01:18:31,249 --> 01:18:33,124
than we think.
1507
01:18:41,208 --> 01:18:43,867
NARRATOR: Silicon Valley, California.
1508
01:18:43,928 --> 01:18:46,795
September 2015.
1509
01:18:46,889 --> 01:18:51,559
Anthony Levandowski,
the engineer responsible
1510
01:18:51,719 --> 01:18:53,376
for putting the first
self-driving car
1511
01:18:53,438 --> 01:18:55,212
on a public road,
1512
01:18:55,273 --> 01:18:58,140
founds
the Way of the Future church,
1513
01:18:58,234 --> 01:19:03,220
a new religion unlike any other
in history.
1514
01:19:03,281 --> 01:19:06,073
Adherents of this faith
do not worship God
1515
01:19:06,233 --> 01:19:08,391
in the traditional sense.
1516
01:19:08,453 --> 01:19:11,912
Instead they promote
the notion of a godhead
1517
01:19:12,072 --> 01:19:14,898
based on artificial
intelligence.
1518
01:19:14,959 --> 01:19:18,401
Levandowski
and his followers believe
1519
01:19:18,463 --> 01:19:21,571
that A.I. will soon be
so intelligent
1520
01:19:21,632 --> 01:19:23,332
that we should begin
to worship it
1521
01:19:23,426 --> 01:19:25,317
in the hopes
that it will look kindly
1522
01:19:25,344 --> 01:19:27,178
upon its creators.
1523
01:19:29,432 --> 01:19:33,583
If we were to create
an artificial life-form
1524
01:19:33,644 --> 01:19:37,420
and if it were to develop,
evolve and grow...
1525
01:19:37,482 --> 01:19:40,666
I want to understand more
about happiness.
1526
01:19:40,693 --> 01:19:44,928
...it could become superior
to modern-day man.
1527
01:19:44,989 --> 01:19:49,074
This leads us to a very
difficult spiritual problem.
1528
01:19:52,446 --> 01:19:55,848
Human beings tend to worship
1529
01:19:55,875 --> 01:19:58,700
that which they believe
to be greater than themselves.
1530
01:19:58,795 --> 01:20:02,296
Many human beings
might interpret this
1531
01:20:02,456 --> 01:20:05,024
to be some type
of a coming of a god
1532
01:20:05,051 --> 01:20:06,801
and seek to worship it.
1533
01:20:06,961 --> 01:20:10,453
CHILDRESS: So, this may be analogous
1534
01:20:10,515 --> 01:20:12,714
to what happened
when robotic extraterrestrials
1535
01:20:12,809 --> 01:20:14,642
first landed on the planet.
1536
01:20:14,802 --> 01:20:19,221
They have all of this amazing
knowledge, computing power,
1537
01:20:19,315 --> 01:20:22,207
and to the primitive
Earth beings,
1538
01:20:22,235 --> 01:20:26,061
they would seem as all-knowing,
all-powerful,
1539
01:20:26,155 --> 01:20:30,049
having an answer to everything.
1540
01:20:30,076 --> 01:20:33,810
NARRATOR: Is it possible that
what Levandowski is proposing
1541
01:20:33,871 --> 01:20:37,147
is exactly what our
extraterrestrial ancestors did
1542
01:20:37,208 --> 01:20:39,482
thousands of years ago?
1543
01:20:39,544 --> 01:20:41,651
Did they create
1544
01:20:41,712 --> 01:20:44,396
not a silicon-based life-form
like themselves,
1545
01:20:44,423 --> 01:20:46,323
but one made of flesh and blood,
1546
01:20:46,384 --> 01:20:48,491
capable of replication
1547
01:20:48,553 --> 01:20:51,661
and also vulnerable
to aging and disease?
1548
01:20:51,722 --> 01:20:56,091
If so, does this mean
that we are on the threshold
1549
01:20:56,185 --> 01:20:58,686
of the next phase
in human evolution,
1550
01:20:58,846 --> 01:21:02,565
one where we become transhuman?
1551
01:21:04,735 --> 01:21:06,360
I think
by the end of the century,
1552
01:21:06,520 --> 01:21:09,271
we'll be able to digitize
our consciousness.
1553
01:21:09,365 --> 01:21:12,441
Everything known about us--
our personality,
1554
01:21:12,535 --> 01:21:15,594
our memories, emotions,
our neural pathways--
1555
01:21:15,621 --> 01:21:18,038
will be digitized.
And what do we do with it?
1556
01:21:18,198 --> 01:21:20,782
I say we put our consciousness
1557
01:21:20,877 --> 01:21:24,211
on a laser beam
and shoot it to the stars.
1558
01:21:24,371 --> 01:21:28,031
In one second,
your consciousness
1559
01:21:28,092 --> 01:21:29,532
is now shot to the Moon,
1560
01:21:29,594 --> 01:21:32,127
where it's downloaded
into a mainframe computer
1561
01:21:32,221 --> 01:21:37,207
and then put
into a mechanical avatar.
1562
01:21:37,268 --> 01:21:39,635
I call this laser porting.
1563
01:21:39,729 --> 01:21:43,138
And I think that laser porting
may already exist.
1564
01:21:43,232 --> 01:21:46,049
There could be billions of souls
1565
01:21:46,110 --> 01:21:49,294
laser porting themselves
across the galaxy.
1566
01:21:49,322 --> 01:21:53,632
HENRY: If transhumanist
technologists are successful,
1567
01:21:53,659 --> 01:21:55,317
we'll soon be uploading
1568
01:21:55,411 --> 01:21:58,153
the contents of our brains
into the cloud.
1569
01:21:58,247 --> 01:22:00,080
What's so amazing about this
1570
01:22:00,240 --> 01:22:03,158
is that this is
a virtual fulfillment
1571
01:22:03,252 --> 01:22:06,736
of Christian prophecy
that tells at the end times,
1572
01:22:06,797 --> 01:22:10,499
Christ will himself return
on the cloud
1573
01:22:10,593 --> 01:22:13,669
and that believers
will be given new bodies
1574
01:22:13,763 --> 01:22:16,746
into which their souls
will be transferred.
1575
01:22:16,807 --> 01:22:18,824
And then they will be able
to ascend into the heavens
1576
01:22:18,851 --> 01:22:21,510
with Jesus through the cloud.
1577
01:22:21,604 --> 01:22:24,179
So here we have this
incredible parallel going on
1578
01:22:24,273 --> 01:22:26,014
where technologists are creating
1579
01:22:26,108 --> 01:22:28,183
a technological version
of the cloud
1580
01:22:28,277 --> 01:22:31,594
that perfectly corresponds
to what Christian prophecy
1581
01:22:31,656 --> 01:22:34,339
says is gonna happen at the time
of the second coming.
1582
01:22:34,367 --> 01:22:36,842
WHITEHEAD: We know now
1583
01:22:36,869 --> 01:22:39,861
that there may have even been
a genetic marker put into us
1584
01:22:39,956 --> 01:22:42,772
to actually guide us
in this direction.
1585
01:22:42,833 --> 01:22:46,702
Does that mean
our natural destiny as a species
1586
01:22:46,796 --> 01:22:50,189
was actually programmed
by these advanced beings?
1587
01:22:50,216 --> 01:22:54,193
Are we just copying what
these extraterrestrial visitors
1588
01:22:54,220 --> 01:22:56,303
had done eons ago?
1589
01:22:56,463 --> 01:23:00,140
TSOUKALOS: At some point we're
going to wake up and realize
1590
01:23:00,300 --> 01:23:02,884
that this technology
we're creating
1591
01:23:02,979 --> 01:23:05,795
may have already existed
in the ancient world
1592
01:23:05,856 --> 01:23:08,965
and that it was possessed
by extraterrestrial beings.
1593
01:23:09,026 --> 01:23:11,468
And wherever
this technology takes us,
1594
01:23:11,529 --> 01:23:14,989
maybe it was always part
of a bigger plan
1595
01:23:15,149 --> 01:23:19,410
that ultimately takes us back
to our origins up in the stars.
1596
01:23:21,655 --> 01:23:23,222
NARRATOR: As human civilization
1597
01:23:23,249 --> 01:23:26,725
prepares for the next phase
of its evolution,
1598
01:23:26,752 --> 01:23:31,488
will what we think of
as human beings become extinct?
1599
01:23:31,549 --> 01:23:36,176
Ancient astronaut theorists
say no
1600
01:23:36,336 --> 01:23:38,679
because they argue
being human is more
1601
01:23:38,839 --> 01:23:41,515
than being made
of flesh and blood.
1602
01:23:41,675 --> 01:23:43,333
It's the realization
1603
01:23:43,394 --> 01:23:45,185
that it is our thoughts,
1604
01:23:45,345 --> 01:23:49,005
our ideas,
and especially our feelings
1605
01:23:49,066 --> 01:23:52,084
that make humans unique
1606
01:23:52,111 --> 01:23:54,344
not only from each other,
1607
01:23:54,405 --> 01:23:57,197
but from all the living
creatures in the universe.
1608
01:23:57,357 --> 01:23:59,533
It is also this realization
1609
01:23:59,693 --> 01:24:02,685
that should both reassure
and motivate us
1610
01:24:02,747 --> 01:24:06,689
as we fulfill
humankind's ultimate destiny
1611
01:24:06,751 --> 01:24:10,452
by becoming the next generation
of extraterrestrials
1612
01:24:10,546 --> 01:24:15,365
in the exploration
of distant, alien worlds.
1613
01:24:16,500 --> 01:24:25,000
Colored & Hearing Improved By SidBrothers_3
126213