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Here is where I live.
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00:01:15,492 --> 00:01:19,788
Well, not right here.
I move around all the time,
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visiting my many friends,
keeping an eye on the situation.
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I've been doing it for years and years.
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And as you can see,
I am far from alone down here.
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Sometimes it gets crowded.
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The ocean is home
to countless variations of sea life.
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My grandfather used to say,
"Even the camels wandering the Sahara,
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even the mountain goats high up
in the Alps are creatures of the oceans,
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for they too depend on the oceans
for their survival.
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Without healthy oceans
no life, not even on land, can exist."
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He'd say that every time he was upset
with the way mankind was treating our home.
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00:02:05,375 --> 00:02:10,380
Now that I am older and wiser,
I'm starting to understand what he meant.
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And that good-looking fellow there,
well, that's me.
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If you'd like to tag along,
I'll show you around.
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If you come from the inland,
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your first encounter with the ocean
is unforgettable.
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If you've ever crossed an ocean,
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its vastness, its power and serenity
are overwhelming.
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But only when you've dived
beneath the waves
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does the miracle of the ocean
and all its beauty truly reveal itself.
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The ocean wonderland.
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Here, and all around the tropics,
is the pulsating heart of the oceans,
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the coral reefs.
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Now I could go on and on
and tell you all about each and every one
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of the 800 known species
of reef-building corals,
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where each coral is a tiny colony of sea life,
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or about the incredible diversity
of shapes and sizes.
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I could even tell you
that a small coral table, like this one,
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is the home to, oh, about 300,000 inhabitants.
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But I won't.
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Too dry. Boring.
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Okay, but here's a question for you.
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What is coral? Is it plant or rock?
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It's a trick question. It's neither.
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It's an animal.
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Imagine thousands and thousands
of tiny creatures clustering together,
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00:06:02,487 --> 00:06:05,949
and sharing a common skeleton
made of limestone.
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That's what coral reef is.
Skeletons built upon skeletons,
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until big, well, sometimes absolutely huge
structures are formed,
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00:06:16,126 --> 00:06:19,796
like here, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia,
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which is so enormous
it can be seen from space.
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Well, that's what they tell me.
I've never been.
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Like me, corals are sensitive creatures.
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They thrive only in clear, warm waters
with lots of sunlight filtering through.
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Coral is fragile, and it grows ever so slowly.
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00:08:04,443 --> 00:08:08,989
So, if some klutz breaks off a branch
of this staghorn coral,
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00:08:09,072 --> 00:08:11,658
it would take many years for it to grow back.
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Something to think about next time
you're tempted to break off a little souvenir.
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Big boulder corals seem to live forever.
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This one is over 500 years old.
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Grandfather told me that our family
has been swimming on the reefs for ages,
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over 100 million years, actually.
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The nooks and crannies,
the complex structure of the reef
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is something that appeals
to a vast number of species.
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00:09:49,214 --> 00:09:53,510
There are over 4,500 different types of fish
on the reefs.
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They make the reef their home
and playground
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and also their battleground.
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00:10:00,767 --> 00:10:02,227
The batfish,
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curious and gentle wanderers
in and around the reef.
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00:10:08,275 --> 00:10:13,238
These are pompano, rather well-behaved
during the day, but predators by night.
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00:10:22,789 --> 00:10:25,709
With their bright colours
and their beak-like jaws,
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it's no wonder they're called parrot fish.
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00:10:28,837 --> 00:10:32,716
The giant Napoleon wrasse
is a fabulous character,
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reaching a weight of 400 pounds,
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00:10:36,470 --> 00:10:40,349
always inquisitive,
always with an eye on the next meal.
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00:11:06,166 --> 00:11:10,712
Puffer fish, about as fast a swimmer
as poor cousin Quincy,
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00:11:11,505 --> 00:11:14,174
are protected by a poisonous flesh.
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00:11:14,258 --> 00:11:15,717
Like their name indicates,
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they can puff themselves up with water
when they feel threatened.
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They become bigger and scarier-looking
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and not quite as easy to fit
between your jaws.
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Look closely.
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No, closer.
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Can you spot the trumpetfish
hiding amongst these whip corals?
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Shipwrecks, like this one in the Bahamas,
are mighty popular down here.
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In many ways, they replicate
the complex structure of coral reef
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00:12:04,349 --> 00:12:07,436
and quickly become home to sea life, as well.
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Here, the fish can rest,
hide or wait in ambush.
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This beautifully coloured queen angelfish,
together with a pair of delicate butterflyfish
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has moved in and made a home
amongst the fan corals growing on the wreck.
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With so many different species,
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the competition for space and lunch
can be fierce.
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Struggle and swim, struggle and swim,
but never a dull moment!
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00:13:35,816 --> 00:13:40,571
The strangest alliances have evolved
between species in order to survive.
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Sea anemones are animals
that live attached to the reef.
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They capture small fish
and kill them with stinging tentacles.
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00:14:03,886 --> 00:14:07,139
The clown fish, however,
is a crafty little fellow
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00:14:07,681 --> 00:14:10,517
who has evolved a technique
which fools the anemones,
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and therefore can move freely
amongst the tentacles.
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00:14:14,479 --> 00:14:17,608
The giant reef anemones
become their safe haven.
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00:14:48,222 --> 00:14:51,642
As you may know,
I can't stay down here forever.
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I must surface for air once in a while,
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just like the next creature
we're about to meet,
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the dolphin.
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00:15:01,568 --> 00:15:05,322
Actually, they bear quite a few similarities
with us turtles.
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Intelligence, beauty, style, grace.
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00:15:11,578 --> 00:15:14,915
Okay, maybe they do get around
a bit faster than us.
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00:15:32,933 --> 00:15:36,436
Dolphins have fascinated humans
since time immemorial.
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00:15:37,354 --> 00:15:41,900
An encounter with one is always
a magical moment and a memory for life.
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Hey, how often do you get the chance
to touch a wild dolphin.
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So go on, give it a go!
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Showing off his dance moves again.
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00:16:07,926 --> 00:16:11,054
Reminds me of myself
in younger days, actually.
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00:16:39,750 --> 00:16:43,003
Now, Grandfather, who claimed
that camels were sea creatures,
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certainly enjoyed his metaphors.
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He compared the endless waters of an ocean
to the endless sands of a desert,
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and the coral reef to an oasis.
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The reefs are havens where sea life abounds
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and all the different species
depend on each other for survival.
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00:17:01,104 --> 00:17:04,983
Huge schools of yellow snappers
thrive on parts of the reef.
114
00:17:05,108 --> 00:17:09,738
Let me introduce you to this wonderful ballet
that my friends have prepared for you.
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00:17:09,821 --> 00:17:13,617
Well, you wouldn't get a bunch of turtles
to carry on like that,
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but it's rather fascinating, don't you think?
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Thank you, my friends. See you later.
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Now, no one particularly likes
becoming someone else's lunch,
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but down here, we're pretty realistic
about our place in the food chain.
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You eat and you are eaten.
That's just the way it goes.
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00:20:19,970 --> 00:20:22,890
These sandy plains may seem barren to you,
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but just below the surface
live countless molluscs and small worms.
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And any creature with the right appetite,
and the right technique
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knows they are down there.
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Stingrays are experts at finding
and excavating their prey from the sand.
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Their mouth is under their body,
while their eyes are on top.
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To me, this is a little strange.
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They have powerful jaws, of course.
Not as strong as mine,
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but they are capable of crushing
even the hardest shells.
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And as always, nothing goes to waste.
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The smaller fish feast on the scraps
the larger ones leave behind.
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When I think of life on the reef,
two things come to mind,
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abundance and extraordinary diversity.
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These are surgeonfish.
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00:22:54,208 --> 00:22:57,211
They graze on the algae
growing on the rocks.
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They find safety in numbers
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and confuse their predators
by travelling together.
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Traffic can get heavy at times.
It's okay, I can wait.
139
00:23:45,884 --> 00:23:49,513
Bigeye trevallies
are another sociable species,
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at least by day.
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By night, the dense schools disperse
and each fish must find its own dinner.
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Although the barracuda exudes
elegance and danger,
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unless provoked,
they are no danger to you humans.
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With nightfall, a strange serenity
descends on the reef
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and a whole new array of life is revealed.
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Many creatures filter the water for food,
like these feather stars.
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The corals themselves
extend their tentacles to catch zooplankton.
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Sea squirts filter the waters
in search of nutrition.
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Small fish retreat into the delicate maze
of coral branches.
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At night, these trumpetfish
prefer the man-made shelter
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the shipwreck can provide.
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This puffer fish doesn't look too happy
about our late-night intrusion,
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so let's sneak away. Come on.
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00:27:48,085 --> 00:27:50,587
Sorry, my friend. Go back to sleep.
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Here's a creature that always makes me
duck into my shell,
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one of the deadliest on the planet,
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the sea snake.
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Let's follow it into deeper water,
where the colours begin to fade away.
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It moves through the water
like a ribbon of doom,
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with a venom so powerful
that just one bite is all it takes.
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You're dead within seconds.
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I think I'd rather wait up here.
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Could we get moving?
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Everyone still with us? Good.
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Luckily for you,
sea snakes seem to prefer seafood.
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They rarely attack humans.
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Here is one of the most important predators
to be found on a reef,
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the potato grouper.
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Some groupers reach truly impressive sizes,
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over 8-feet long
and weighing more than 600 pounds.
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They don't skimp on their meals, either.
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The largest ones even dine on small sharks
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and, sadly, young turtles.
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Yes, poor Quincy ended his days as
a rather unhappy meal for a potato grouper.
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When two groupers meet for combat
or courtship, complex rituals often ensue.
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Hard to believe and hard to admit,
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but the ocean's most graceful creature
is not the turtle.
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It's the eagle ray.
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As these gentle giants glide along
with the majesty of their airborne namesakes,
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it is easy to forget
that we are viewing fish beneath the waves
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and not eagles above the clouds.
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Their wingspan can reach widths
of up to 8 feet.
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Even in these murky waters,
the eagle ray is an elusive beauty.
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An encounter with even just one
is always a privileged moment.
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Sometimes I wish I had wings like those.
186
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But then again,
I make out fine just the way I am.
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Diving deeper,
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you'll meet lurking among the reefs
the most powerful predator of them all.
189
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The shark is among the ocean's
most ancient inhabitants
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and, for me, the scariest, I might add.
191
00:34:34,908 --> 00:34:38,704
So if you don't mind,
I'll stay here while you look at them.
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350 million years of evolution
have honed them to predatory perfection.
193
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Hundreds can find their home
in one healthy reef.
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00:34:48,297 --> 00:34:52,134
Fast, fierce, sleek and agile,
195
00:34:52,843 --> 00:34:57,222
an incredible animal
that I prefer to view from afar,
196
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because at feeding time,
they behave as if they have a licence to kill.
197
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And I suppose they do.
198
00:35:06,481 --> 00:35:09,776
Unprovoked, sharks rarely attack people,
199
00:35:09,860 --> 00:35:13,197
and yet humans have decimated
the shark population
200
00:35:13,280 --> 00:35:15,908
by killing millions of them each year.
201
00:35:16,533 --> 00:35:19,244
Sharks are now rare on most reefs.
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00:37:37,508 --> 00:37:43,347
Today, another darker reality faces our reefs.
They are endangered.
203
00:37:44,181 --> 00:37:46,266
When a coral reef dies,
204
00:37:46,350 --> 00:37:50,187
all the life that thrives
in and around it vanishes, as well.
205
00:37:51,522 --> 00:37:57,194
Since one-quarter of all us marine life
depends in some way on the reef for survival,
206
00:37:57,277 --> 00:37:59,530
imagine the consequences.
207
00:37:59,655 --> 00:38:03,325
The health of the planet
depends on the health of its oceans.
208
00:38:03,408 --> 00:38:05,744
When oceans sicken and die,
209
00:38:05,869 --> 00:38:09,039
the well-being of our Earth
is thrown into peril.
210
00:38:11,208 --> 00:38:14,628
I used to visit this reef every year
when I was younger,
211
00:38:14,711 --> 00:38:17,965
a reef that was teeming with life and activity.
212
00:38:18,549 --> 00:38:21,134
Today, this reef is dead.
213
00:38:22,177 --> 00:38:24,555
There is no more life here.
214
00:38:24,638 --> 00:38:28,183
Sewage, industrial waste, pollution,
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00:38:28,267 --> 00:38:33,397
destructive fishing practices,
careless tourism and even deforestation
216
00:38:33,480 --> 00:38:37,484
are some of the man-made elements
that threaten the health of our reefs.
217
00:38:37,568 --> 00:38:41,405
In addition, the massive
energy consumption of humans
218
00:38:41,488 --> 00:38:45,492
is altering the planet's climate
and warming up the oceans.
219
00:38:46,118 --> 00:38:48,412
One silent victim is the coral.
220
00:38:49,079 --> 00:38:52,499
If human activity continues
on its present course,
221
00:38:52,583 --> 00:38:56,795
most of the world's coral reefs
may be dead within 50 years.
222
00:38:57,421 --> 00:38:59,089
The problem is clear.
223
00:38:59,173 --> 00:39:01,884
And many of the solutions are
already known.
224
00:39:02,259 --> 00:39:04,595
Modern man must transform himself
225
00:39:04,720 --> 00:39:08,432
from being the threat
to becoming the defender.
226
00:39:13,353 --> 00:39:15,397
Around the globe, many organisations,
227
00:39:15,480 --> 00:39:18,066
such as the United Nations
Environment Programme
228
00:39:18,150 --> 00:39:20,402
and the World Wildlife Fund,
229
00:39:20,486 --> 00:39:24,281
are already working hard
to improve the health of our oceans.
230
00:39:27,493 --> 00:39:31,038
Together, you can ensure
a brighter future for coral reefs
231
00:39:31,121 --> 00:39:35,125
and the millions of other creatures
that live beneath the waves.
232
00:39:35,792 --> 00:39:40,964
For yourselves and future generations,
please help save the coral reefs
233
00:39:41,757 --> 00:39:44,384
and preserve this ocean wonderland.
19554
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