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On the 23rd of January, 1959, a group of students
from the Ural Polytechnic Institute set out
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on a trip into the vast wilderness of the Ural
Mountains. The eight men and two women that made
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up the group were all experienced hikers, and had
been on similar hiking and cross-country skiing
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expeditions before. This excursion, undertaken
in extremely challenging winter conditions,
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would be a dramatic test of their knowledge
and ability, and would earn them a special
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certification awarded in the Soviet Union only
to hikers who had completed such an arduous trek.
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For this expedition they travelled by train to
Ivdel, a small town in the province of Sverdlosk
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Oblast, before journeying yet further north by
truck and horse cart. The starting point for their
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hike was one of the least populated settlements
in northern Russia: the village of Vizhai.
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The trek began in earnest from there on the 27th
of January. The group of friends were in good
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spirits as they set out into the wilderness,
lead by 23-year-old engineering student
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Igor Dyatlov. The group kept a record of their
adventure with written journals and photographs.
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All early images show the group smiling and
laughing together as they set out into the snow.
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After just one full day of hiking, however, the
group suffered its first casualty. Twenty-one
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year old Yuri Yudin, an economics student,
was forced to turn back due to joint pain – a
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result of chronic rheumatism that had troubled
him for years. While his fellow hikers were
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sad to see him go, his departure didn’t
change their plans: they forged onwards.
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Over the course of the next four days they tackled
arduous, snowy terrain on foot and with skis,
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eventually beginning an ascent of the eastern
slope of a mountain known by the local indigenous
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population as “Dead Mountain” – a reference to the
lack of game to be found on its exposed slopes.
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The weather conditions on the 1st of February were
poor, with howling winds and driving snow causing
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the group to veer off course. As night approached,
they made camp on the side of the mountain,
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digging out a flat platform there on which to
erect the tent that would be their only shelter.
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That night Igor Dyatlov made one
final entry in the group’s diary:
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“We’re exhausted, but start setting up for the
night. Firewood is scarce, mostly damp firs. We
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build the campfire on the logs, too tired to
dig a fire pit. We have dinner in the tent.
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It’s good and warm. Hard to imagine such comfort
on a ridge, with howling wind outside, hundreds
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of kilometers away from any human settlement.”
That entry is the very last in the diary. Exactly
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what happened next is unknown, but the group
did not return on their expected return date
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of February 12th. There was initially no
sense of alarm. When Yuri Yudin left the
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group due to his aching joints, he
had been told they might be delayed,
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and not to worry if they weren’t back on time.
But days passed, and there was no sign of the
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hikers. Eventually, on the 20th of February,
a search party was formed. After nearly a week
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of combing the snows, the lost hikers’ final
campsite was found… and the scene that greeted
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searchers was extremely worrying. The tent
was partially buried by snow, with many of
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the party’s possessions still inside. It appeared
that the canvas had been slashed from the inside,
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indicating that the group had cut their way
out and fled their shelter in a panicked rush.
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Footprints were found leading down the side of the
mountain... but searchers noted that the prints
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were shallow, and sometimes had no tread. Here was
a group of people at least some of whom had not
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been wearing shoes, and who had walked downhill
at a calm and measured pace. Further downhill,
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at the base of a large spreading cedar tree, they
found the bodies of two of the missing hikers.
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Considering the conditions they were barely
dressed, wearing only light clothing that would
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have been totally insufficient in conditions
of as low as negative thirty Celsius (or
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negative twenty-two Fahrenheit).
The tree above them was damaged,
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and the bodies were positioned close to the
remains of a small campfire. There was some
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evidence of burns and other injuries on the
bodies. One of them was later found to have a
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small chunk of his own flesh in his mouth.
Three more bodies were discovered as the
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search continued. These were positioned
closer to the tent, and were also wearing
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insufficient clothing for the conditions.
The final three bodies were found lower
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down the slope, in a ravine, partially buried
by snow. These bodies showed signs of having
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sustained serious impact injuries while
alive, and were also hideously disfigured,
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missing their eyes and tongues.
To further compound the mystery,
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some of the minimal clothing on the
bodies was found to be radioactive.
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None of the hikers had survived to divulge what
had happened, and the scene posed a bizarre
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mystery. No official narrative was ever settled
upon, with the official report blaming their
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deaths on “… a compelling natural force.” It was
found that the cause of death in most cases was
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either impact-related trauma or hypothermia. The
latter was to be expected given the extreme cold…
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but what had caused the impact injuries, burns
and facial disfigurement, and – moreover – what
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had caused these nine experienced hikers to
flee their tent, leaving behind their clothing
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and equipment, in the middle of the night?
Many theories arose, including that the group
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had been attacked by aliens, or that they had
been accidentally caught up in the testing of
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an experimental weapon. Some suggested that their
deaths might have been caused by a yeti or other
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unknown creature, or that they might have been
attacked by persons unknown… but there was not
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sufficient evidence to support these theories.
One credible theory was that the group had
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panicked as a result of infrasound – a
particular low frequency of sound that
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has been proven to induce stress, panic and
irrational behaviour. The howling winds that
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night could have created a sound distressing
enough to force the group from their tent.
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Besides this, two other theories as to
what caused the group to leave their
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tent stand out as particularly credible.
The first is that the stove inside the tent
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malfunctioned in some way, rapidly
filling their shelter with smoke.
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The slashes made in the canvas were an attempt to
vent out this smoke, which failed, resulting in
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the hikers rushing out of their shelter and into
the snow, regrouping, and then proceeding down
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to the trees to seek shelter in the extreme cold.
The second theory is that a minor avalanche might
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have struck the tent, partially burying it. This
lead to the hikers slashing their way out of the
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tent. Fear of a subsequent worse avalanche then
prompted them to hurriedly evacuate their campsite
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and make their way downhill to the trees.
Whatever caused them to leave their tent,
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once they reached the perceived safety of the
treeline, the young hikers were blinded and
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disoriented by the blizzard-like conditions.
They started a fire in a desperate attempt to
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stay warm, but – numb from the cold – were unable
to feel when they huddled too close to it and were
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burned. The hiker with a chunk of his own flesh in
his mouth may have bitten himself in an attempt to
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test for sensation in his numb extremities.
Some of the group climbed the cedar tree to
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try and see their way back to camp. Two died
of hypothermia by the fire. Three hiked back
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towards the tents but died of hypothermia on the
way. And the remaining three retreated further,
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only to be struck by an avalanche and carried
into the ravine. Either the avalanche itself or
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the fall into the ravine could be responsible
for the impact injuries which killed them.
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The disfigurement of their faces took place after
their death, and was caused by scavenging animals.
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The radiation could be accounted for by the
fact that several of the group had previously
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worked clearing a nuclear accident site,
and their clothing remained contaminated.
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This explanation could never be conclusively
proven… but it did account for the circumstances
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in which the missing hikers were found.
Many years after the disaster, in 2021,
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a Swiss avalanche research lab ran simulations
to verify that an avalanche could cause the
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injuries observed in the hikers in the ravine.
Researchers used snow simulation software borrowed
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from Walt Disney Animation Studios, who had
developed it for their blockbuster film Frozen.
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Simulations run with this software confirmed
that an avalanche could have caused the injuries
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observed in the hikers found in the ravine. While
the reason for the hikers fleeing their tent in
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the first place remains uncertain, the cause of
death of each of those lost is, at least, known.
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After the disaster, the pass was named in honour
of the group’s leader, Igor Dyatlov. For several
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years it was closed to hikers, but has since been
re-opened. A small memorial stands at the spot
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where the lost hikers built a fire in the trees.
Those who died in the Dyatlov Pass Incident are
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buried together in a cemetery in Yekaterinburg.
They are: twenty-three-year-old Igor Dyatlov,
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twenty-one-year-old Yuri Doroshenko,
twenty-year-old Lyudmila Dubinina,
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twenty-four-year-old Aleksander Kolevatov,
twenty-two-year-old Zinaida Kolmogorova,
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twenty-three-year-old Yuri Krivonischenko,
twenty-three-year-old Rustem Slobodin,
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and twenty-three-year-old
Nikolay Thibeaux-Brignolle.
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The sole survivor of the group, Yuri
Yudin, who left the expedition early
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due to his aching joints, lived on to the age
of seventy-five, before passing away in 2013,
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never knowing with absolute certainty
the fate that befell his friends.13323
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