All language subtitles for Flow.For.Love.Of.Water.2008.1080p.WEBRip.x264-[YTS.LT]

>>MORE THAN 2 MILLION PEOPLE

DIE EVERY YEAR

FROM WATER-BORN DISEASES.

MOST OF THEM ARE CHILDREN

BELOW 5 YEARS OF AGE.

>>WE HAVE MILLIONS OF

PEOPLE IN THE UNITED STATES.

EVERY MORNING THEY GET UP

AND TURN ON THE TAP,

NOT KNOWING THAT THERE'S

ROCKET FUEL IN THEIR

WATER SUPPLY.

>>THERE'S REALLY BEEN

A CONCERTED EFFORT TO

MISCHARACTERIZE THE DEGREE

OF THE THREAT

THAT'S FACING US.

>>WE HAVE WARS GOING ON

IN THE WORLD OVER OIL BECAUSE

OF PRICING OF OIL.

AND, IF WE TAKE

THE SAME PATH WITH WATER,

THAT'S OIL ALL OVER AGAIN.

>>THE WORLD IS RUNNING

OUT OF FRESH WATER.

PEOPLE WILL DO ANYTHING; THEY'LL

GIVE ANYTHING, THEIR LIFE'S

SAVINGS, THEIR HOUSE,

ANYTHING FOR WATER.

>>WITHOUT WATER WE

HAVE NOTHING.

WITHOUT WATER,

WE HAVE NO LIFE,

WE HAVE NO CULTURE,

WE HAVE NO SOCIETY,

WE HAVE NO ECONOMY.

WITHOUT WATER, THE

EARTH WOULDN'T BE WHAT IT IS.

>>WHEN YOU THINK

ABOUT OUR WATER PLANET,

IT IS ONE HUGE LIVING

BODY BECAUSE OF THE

WATER THAT FLOWS THROUGH IT.

AND, ACROSS THE LANDMASSES,

YOU CAN HAVE VEINS

OF WATER AND ARTERIES OF

WATER FLOWING.

THIS FLOWS INTO

OUR OCEAN,

WHICH IS THE HEART OF

OUR EARTH,

AND IT EXHALES, IT

EVAPORATES WATER AND PUTS WATER

BACK INTO THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE,

WHICH THEN AGAIN GOES UP TO THE

MOUNTAIN TOPS, AND AGAIN COMES

DOWN IN THE FORM OF VEINS AND

ARTERIES.

SO OUR PLANET IS JUST ONE

HUGE LIVING BODY WITH WATER

CONSTANTLY CIRCULATING

THROUGH IT,

AND IT IS THE WATER

THAT GIVES IT LIFE.

WE, TOO,

ARE LIKE THE SURFACE OF

OUR PLANET,

70% WATER AND 30%

SOLID. WE, TOO,

HAVE A HEART. WE

HAVE 60,000 MILES OF VEINS AND

ARTERIES, AND JUST

LIKE THE EARTH

RECYCLES THE WATER, WE HAVE A

WATER CYCLE WITHIN US.

>>THE UNITED STATES

DOES NOT KEEP ACTIVE RECORDS OF

HOW MANY PEOPLE GET SICK FROM

OUR WATER SUPPLY EVERY YEAR.

THERE ARE ESTIMATES THAT FROM

500 THOUSAND TO 7 MILLION

PEOPLE GET SICK PER YEAR FROM

DRINKING THE TAP WATER.

>>ONE OF THE PROBLEMS

IS THAT WE HAVE LOTS OF

BUGS IN THE SYSTEM: VIRUSES,

PATHOGENS, BACTERIA.

A LOT OF THOSE THINGS

THAT YOU THINK OF AS

STOMACH VIRUSES OR FLUES,

ABOUT 40% OF THOSE

COME FROM YOUR

DRINKING WATER.

>>WE ARE NOT REMOVING

THINGS LIKE INDUSTRIAL

CHEMICALS, ROCKET FUEL,

PESTICIDES, CERTAIN

PHARMACEUTICALS, DRUGS THAT WERE

DISCHARGED EITHER BY BIG ANIMAL

FACTORIES OR BY

SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS.

A LOT OF PEOPLE THINK THEY

DON'T HAVE TO WORRY ABOUT THEIR

WATER SUPPLY BECAUSE THEY GO OUT

AND BUY BOTTLED WATER.

WELL, WE HAVE NEWS FOR THEM.

IN FACT, A LOT

OF YOUR EXPOSURE TO MANY OF THE

CHEMICALS COMES FROM THE SIMPLE

ACT OF SHOWERING IN THEM. SO,

SOME OF THESE MORE VOLATILE

POLLUTANTS COME IN

THROUGH YOUR SKIN.

>>THERE ARE OVER

116,000 HUMAN-MADE CHEMICALS.

WE HAVE NO IDEA HOW THEY

INTERACT. WE ARE BECOMING

EXPERIMENTS FOR THESE SYNTHETIC

CHEMICALS. AND,

WHEN THE LIVER TAKES

THESE CHEMICALS OUT

OF OUR BODIES,

WHAT HAPPENS?

THEY GET FLUSHED DOWN

THE TOILET,

AND THEN THEY GO INTO

THE AQUIFER,

AND THEN THEY GO INTO

OUR RIVERS AND STREAMS.

WE TAKE THE WATER FROM

THE RIVERS AND STREAMS

AND WE PUT IT INTO OUR

PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS,

AND WE'RE DRINKING IT AGAIN.

>>ALL THOSE PHARMACEUTICALS,

ALL THOSE COSMETICS,

ALL THE STUFF THAT'S IN

THERE. YOU KNOW WHAT?

IT'S CHANGING THE

CHEMISTRY IN OUR BODIES,

AND IT'S HURTING US.

>>FOR THE LAST 30 YEARS

SINCE THE GREEN REVOLUTION

BROUGHT CHEMICAL AGRICULTURE TO

INDIA, THERE ARE 2 PROBLEMS THAT

IT HAS CREATED FOR

WATER SYSTEMS.

THE 1ST PROBLEM IS THE CROPS ARE

ACTUALLY HIGHLY

INEFFICIENT IN WATER

USE, THEY NEED LOTS OF WATER TO

DISSOLVE THE CHEMICALS,

AND THAT MEANS

5 TO 10 TIMES MORE

WATER IS USED TO

PRODUCE THE SAME

AMOUNT OF FOOD.

>>WE MUSTN'T FORGET THAT

THESE CHEMICALS WERE

DESIGNED FOR WARFARE.

THEY ARE THE ULTIMATE

WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION.

EVERY ONE OF THEM

CAME OUT OF THE WAR SYSTEM.

NOW, THEY ARE IN

OUR DRINKING WATER.

>>PEOPLE ASSUME THAT

THERE'S SOMEBODY IN THE

GOVERNMENT PROTECTING

THEIR WATER SUPPLY,

AND THAT'S OFTEN NOT THE CASE.

ONE OF THE MOST EXTRAORDINARY

EXAMPLES OF THAT IS

THE MOST COMMON PESTICIDE

SPRAYED IN THE UNITED STATES,

ATRAZINE.

>>ATRAZINE ITSELF IS

AN HERBICIDE,

OR A WEED-KILLER,

AND IT'S USED ON

PRODUCTS SUCH AS CORN.

IT IS THE NUMBER 1 CONTAMINANT

FOUND IN DRINKING WATER,

AND GROUND WATER,

AND SURFACE WATER.

INITIALLY,

WE WERE CONTRACTED BY

SYNGENTA,

THE MAKERS OF ATRAZINE,

AND THEIR INTEREST WAS

IN TRYING TO

UNDERSTAND WHETHER OR NOT,

SO THEY SAID,

WHETHER OR NOT ATRAZINE

COULD FUNCTION AS AN

ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR.

MEANING, COULD IT

INTERFERE WITH HORMONES,

SUCH AS THYROID HORMONES,

TESTOSTERONE, ESTROGEN.

WE FOUND THAT ATRAZINE HAD A

NUMBER OF EFFECTS, BUT MOST

SIGNIFICANTLY, ATRAZINE

DEMASCULINIZED

THE EXPOSED MALE FROGS.

I WOULD EVEN SAY

CHEMICALLY CASTRATED.

WE WENT ON TO SHOW THAT

IN ADDITION TO BEING

DEMASCULINIZED,

THEY WERE ALSO FEMINIZED.

SO, IN OTHER WORDS,

MALE AMPHIBIANS WOULD GROW

OVARIES AND EVEN PRODUCE EGGS.

FISH SHOW SIMILAR EFFECTS,

THEIR SPERM COUNTS DROP,

THEY START TO

MAKE EGG YOLK PROTEIN.

DOES THAT MEAN THAT ATRAZINE'S

CAUSING A GLOBAL

DECLINE IN SPERM

COUNTS IN MEN?

AGAIN, THE

EXPERIMENTAL AND

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL

DATA SUGGEST THAT ATRAZINE

MAY PLAY A VERY

SIGNIFICANT ROLE.

IT'S ALSO ASSOCIATED WITH

PROSTATE CANCER IN SOME OF

THEIR FACTORIES

THAT PRODUCE ATRAZINE,

AS WELL AS

BREAST CANCER IN SOME

STUDIES THAT

LOOK AT WOMEN WHOSE WATER'S

CONTAMINATED WITH ATRAZINE.

ONE BIG CONCERN MIGHT

BE FETUSES THAT,

IN EFFECT,

ARE LIVING IN WATER.

SO, IF THAT FETUS

GETS EXPOSED TO A

CHEMICAL,

IT'S CONSTANTLY DRINKING

ITS AMNIOTIC FLUID.

IN THE ENTIRE EUROPEAN UNION,

ATRAZINE HAS BEEN BANNED.

AND, IN EFFECT,

THAT IS THE ONLY

WAY YOU CAN LIMIT ATRAZINE

LEVELS BECAUSE IT CAN TRAVEL

UP TO 600 MILES, 1,000 KM

IN THE RAINWATER.

IN FACT, OF THE 80 MILLION

POUNDS OF ATRAZINE WE

USE IN THE UNITED

STATES, ABOUT A HALF

MILLION POUNDS OF THAT

ATRAZINE COMES BACK IN THE

RAINWATER.

AND THE IRONY IS,

I GUESS THAT, YOU KNOW,

HERE'S A EUROPEAN COMPANY

SELLING 80 MILLION POUNDS

OF A PRODUCT IN THE UNITED

STATES WHERE IT'S NOT

EVEN LEGAL IN THE

HOME COUNTRY.

>>WHEN THE ENVIRONMENTAL

PROTECTION AGENCY UNDER

THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION

DECIDED THAT IT NEEDED TO

AT LEAST APPEAR TO DO

SOMETHING ABOUT THE PROBLEM,

AFTER WE SUED THEM,

THEY ENDED UP SITTING

DOWN WITH THE PEOPLE THAT

MADE ATRAZINE IN PRIVATE

NEGOTIATIONS,

THEY MET OVER 50 TIMES

PRIVATELY,

WITH THE COMPANY,

AND THEY CUT A DEAL.

NO CRACKDOWN,

NO ENFORCEMENT ACTION,

NO BANNING PESTICIDE

>>I JUST,

I'VE NEVER SEEN BLOOD

LIKE THIS,

THEY'RE JUST POURING

THIS STUFF RIGHT IN.

THIS IS GOING INTO LAKE

TITICACA,

WHICH IS THE SACRED LAKE TO THE,

THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES HERE.

>>WE CAN SEE THAT,

BECAUSE THAT'S THE PART

THAT IS OPEN. >>OF COURSE.

YOU DON'T SEE THE WHOLE THING

THAT THEY ARE DOING TO

THE WHOLE RIVER HERE

>>WELL WHAT THEY WERE

GOING TO DO HERE IS

THEY'RE GOING TO DIVERT

IT UNDER THE CEMENT THING;

THEY'RE NOT GOING TO CLEAN

IT UP, IT JUST WON'T BE

SO UGLY AND OPEN,

IT WILL STILL SMELL

THE WAY IT SMELLS

>>SO LET ME UNDERSTAND.

SUEZ SAID THEY PUT AN

$80 MILLION DOLLAR TREATMENT

FACILITY HERE.

NOT ONLY DID THEY NOT DO THAT,

BUT THEY'VE DIVERTED THE RAW

SEWAGE INTO THIS RIVER

THAT GOES INTO LAKE TITICACA?

>>YEAH.

THIS IS A RIVER THAT CROSSES

ALL THE CITY,

SO IT'S AROUND THE CITY THAT

THEY ARE DOING THE SAME THING.

>>TRADITIONALLY,

WATER HAS BEEN DELIVERED

AS A PUBLIC SERVICE BY

GOVERNMENTS.

BUT, IN THE LAST TEN YEARS,

3 MAJOR WATER COMPANIES FROM

EUROPE HAVE STARTED

DELIVERING WATER ON A

FOR-PROFIT BASIS IN

MANY PARTS OF THE WORLD.

THEY ARE VERY POWERFUL;

THEY'RE ALL AMONG THE TOP

HUNDRED CORPORATIONS,

FORTUNE 500 COMPANIES.

THEY'RE VERY WEALTHY;

THEY'RE GROWING VERY FAST.

AND BASICALLY,

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES,

POOR COUNTRIES ARE BEING

FORCED ALL OVER THE WORLD

TO HAND OVER BASIC CONTROL

OF THEIR WATER SYSTEMS

TO A FOR-PROFIT

MULTINATIONAL FROM

EUROPE OR FAR AWAY.

>>SUEZ IS ONE OF THE 2 WORLD

LEADERS IN WATER DISTRIBUTION

AND WATER TREATMENT

IN THE WORLD.

>>I'M WORKING WITH A FRENCH

COMPANY,

A LARGE WATER OPERATOR

CALLED VIVENDI,

VIVENDI ENVIRONMENT.

>>WE ARE ACTIVE IN MORE

THAN 100 DIFFERENT COUNTRIES;

>>WE ARE ACTIVE SINCE

150 YEARS.

SO WE ARE A VERY

LONG-TERM OPERATOR

IN WATER BUSINESS.

>>THIS IS A COUNTRY IN WHICH

NEARLY 1 OUT OF EVERY

10 CHILDREN WILL DIE

BEFORE THE AGE OF 5,

AND MOST OF THOSE DEATHS ARE

RELATED TO ILLNESSES

THAT COME FROM A LACK OF

CLEAN DRINKING WATER.

SO, WHEN PEOPLE OF EL ALTO SAY,

"ENOUGH WITH WATER

PRIVATIZATION,"

IT'S BECAUSE IF THEY DON'T

HAVE ACCESS TO CLEAN

DRINKING WATER,

THEIR CHILDREN'S

HEALTH IS AT RISK.

>>WHY DID BOLIVIA PRIVATIZE

THE WATER SYSTEMS OF

COCHABAMBA AND EL ALTO?

IT'S NOT LIKE BOLIVIAN

CITIZENS DECIDED IT WAS A

GOOD IDEA.

WATER PRIVATIZATION WAS

ABSOLUTELY FORCED ON

BOLIVIA BY THE WORLD BANK.

IN 1997,

THE WORLD BANK TOLD BOLIVIA

THAT IF THEY DID NOT

PRIVATIZE THE WATER

SYSTEMS OF COCHABAMBA AND

EL ALTO, LA PAZ, THAT THEY

WERE GOING TO BE CUT-OFF FROM

WATER DEVELOPMENT

LOANS BY THE WORLD BANK.

>>WE HAVE WAITED HERE 5 HOURS.

SOMETIMES THE WATER COMES;

SOMETIMES THEY DON'T COME.

SOMETIMES WE CAN SPEND 4

WEEKS WITHOUT WATER.

YEAH, EVERYDAY,

WE CAN COME AND OPEN.

NOTHING, THERE'S NOTHING.

>>COST RECOVERY IS KIND

OF THE NEW BIBLE,

YOU KNOW, THAT WE HAVE

IN SOUTH AFRICA.

THAT WE, EVERYBODY MUST

PAY FOR WHATEVER SERVICE

YOU GET.

AND FOR RICH PEOPLE,

THAT'S OBVIOUSLY NOT A PROBLEM,

BUT WHEN IT COMES TO THE

REALLY POOR, YOU WOULDN'T

BELIEVE IT,

BUT 5 RAND,

WHICH IS LESS THAN A DOLLAR,

IS A LOT OF MONEY FOR RURAL

COMMUNITIES.

SO YOU FIND THAT THE

POOREST OF THE POOR,

THEY'RE ONLY TAKING 1 BUCKET

BUT IF YOU WORK OUT HOW MUCH

THEY'VE PAID FOR THAT BUCKET,

IT'S ACTUALLY MORE THAN A

RICHER PERSON WOULD HAVE

PAID IN AN URBAN COMMUNITY

FOR THAT WATER,

AND IT'S UNJUST.

>>IF YOU HAVE NO WATER,

FORGET ABOUT REDUCING

POVERTY BECAUSE BAD WATER IS,

TODAY,

THE SOURCE OF THE MAJOR

DISEASES.

IT KILLS MORE THAN AIDS,

MORE THAN WARS.

WE ARE ALL COMMITTED TO

REDUCE BY HALF THE

PROPORTION OF PEOPLE WITH NO

ACCESS TO CLEAN WATER.

THE CHALLENGE IS OF SUCH A

MAGNITUDE.

WE MUST PUT AT THE DISPOSAL

OF THE COMMON GOOD,

THE KNOW-HOW OF THE

PRIVATE SECTOR.

>>LET'S FIND OUT

>>ALRIGHT.

>>WE ARE FROM SUEZ.

>>THIS IS THE MEETING

FROM SUEZ.

>>THAT'S INTERESTING.

>>AT FIRST WHEN THESE PRIVATE

COMPANIES WENT INTO DEVELOPING

COUNTRIES,

THEY WERE WELCOMED BY

THE PEOPLE BECAUSE THEY

WERE GOING TO BRING WATER

AND THEY WERE GOING TO

BRING INVESTMENTS.

WHAT PEOPLE DIDN'T

UNDERSTAND WAS THAT

THEY'RE NOT BRINGING NEW

INVESTMENTS.

IT'S PAID FOR BY THE

PUBLIC PERSON,

BY THE WORLD BANK.

THEN, THEY CAME IN AND THEY

RAISED PRICES,

AND THEY DIDN'T DELIVER GOOD,

QUALITY WATER,

AND THEY CUT POOR PEOPLE OFF,

AND THEY FIRED PUBLIC SERVANTS,

AND THEY,

THEIR RECORD WAS A DISASTER.

>>THEY ARE BRINGING WATER TO

POOR AREAS,

BUT THEY'RE BRINGING THE WATER

WHERE YOU HAVE TO PUT IN A

LITTLE CARD TO GET THAT WATER.

>>THIS COUNTRY IS PERHAPS THE

LEADERS IN A NEW TECHNOLOGY,

PREPAYMENT WATER METERING.

>>YEAH, ACTUALLY, THIS IS THE

BOOK THAT WE GOT THAT IS SHOWING

PEOPLE HOW TO USE THE PREPAID

METERS. BUT IN EFFECT,

THIS BOOK IS WRITTEN IN ENGLISH,

AND THEN HALF OF THIS COMMUNITY,

THEY DON'T UNDERSTAND ENGLISH.

>>THE CONSUMER NEEDS TO

PAY UP FRONT FOR THE SUPPLY

OF WATER.

>>YOU HAVE TO HAVE THIS TOKEN

TO PAY FOR WATER. IF I WANT

TO HAVE WATER, I HAVE TO PUT

MY BUCKET HERE. YOU SEE?

THAT'S HOW I GET WATER.

>>YOU'VE ACTUALLY CHANGED THE

THINKING, THE CULTURE OF PEOPLE,

TO UNDERSTAND THAT

THEY SHOULD PAY.

WE SHOULDN'T HAVE TO FORCE

THEM TO PAY,

THEY SHOULD WANT TO PAY.

>>BY TELLING A WOMAN,

WHO'S GOT NOTHING,

"IN ORDER TO GET YOUR WATER,

YOU MUST PUT IN A CARD THAT

TAKES YOUR MEAGER AMOUNT OF

MONEY,"

WHAT IS SHE GOING TO DO BUT GO

TO THE RIVER,

AND TAKE THAT DIRTY WATER,

AND DIE OF CHOLERA?

AND THEN YOU SAY PEOPLE DON'T

KNOW HOW TO PRACTICE HYGIENE.

>>THE PEOPLE HERE DON'T KNOW.

WE JUST ASKED THEM.

THEY DON'T KNOW THAT THEY'RE

GETTING PREPAID WATER METERS.

>>I SENT THE...

>>THEIR NOT.

>>THEY DON'T HAVE A CHOICE!

THESE PEOPLE ARE POOR,

THEY DON'T HAVE A CHOICE,

THEY'RE NOT BEING EDUCATED

ABOUT THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE

WHOLE PROCESS.

>>THEY DON'T EVEN KNOW THEY'RE

HAVING PREPAID WATER METERS

IT'S BECAUSE YOU ARE WINNING.

AND YOU KNOW THAT.

>>FREE WATER,

FREE ELECTRICITY,

HOUSES FOR ALL.

WHAT WAS ACTUALLY HAPPENING WAS

THAT MANY PEOPLE WERE HAVING

THEIR ELECTRICITY DISCONNECTED,

THEIR WATER DISCONNECTED,

THEY HAD BEEN EVICTED FROM

THESE VERY HOMES THAT THE

GOVERNMENT SAID THEY WOULD

IMPROVE CONDITIONS OF.

PEOPLE THEN STARTED SAYING,

"WE WILL RECONNECT ILLEGALLY,

BUT WE WILL RECONNECT OPENLY.

THERE ARE WHOLE TOWNSHIPS THAT

ARE RECONNECTING PEOPLES' WATER.

>>THERE ARE WOMAN PLUMBERS

HERE.

WE LEARNED THE JOB FROM

THE MEN BECAUSE WHEN THE MEN

ARE NOT HERE,

WE ARE THE LADIES WHO

RECONNECT THE WATER AND

RECONNECT THE LIGHTS.

>>THE WATER HAS BEEN STOPPED

AND WE JUST BATTLE AND,

YOU KNOW, TRY AND GET WATER

FROM, YOU KNOW, FROM

CONTAINERS AND THINGS LIKE THAT.

>>THEY TALK ABOUT WATER IN

SCHOOL AND WATER IS PRECIOUS,

VERY PRECIOUS.

>>AND WATER IS SO IMPORTANT,

YOU KNOW,

WE REALLY NEED TO USE WATER

ALL THE TIME.

SO, WE DON'T KNOW.

>>WHEN YOU HEAR PEOPLE SAYING,

"THE WATER FOR THE PEOPLE,"

WE HAVE NO PROBLEM.

"WATER SHOULD NOT BE A

COMMODITY,"

WE HAVE NO PROBLEM.

WE ARE JUST THE OPERATOR,

LIKE A HOTEL OPERATOR,

WHO OPERATES THE SYSTEM

BECAUSE WE HAVE VERY A

LONG-TERM EXPERIENCE.

WE SELL OUR KNOWLEDGE.

WE HAVE THE KNOW-HOW.

WE HAVE THE TECHNOLOGY.

WE KNOW HOW TO ORGANIZE

VERY BIG NETWORKS BRINGING

WATER TO THE HOMES.

TODAY, MORE THAN 30,000

PEOPLE ARE DYING EVERYDAY

FROM WATER DISEASE.

THE IDEAL OBJECTIVE WOULD

BE TO BRING CLEAN

WATER TO EVERYONE.

>>YOU CANNOT DELIVER THE SAME

AMOUNT OF GOOD,

QUALITY WATER,

OR HEALTH CARE,

OR EDUCATION,

OR ANYTHING ELSE TO A

POPULATION THAT NEEDS

IT IF YOU'RE ALSO PROVIDING

PROFIT FOR YOUR INVESTORS.

IT'S JUST BASIC COMMON SENSE.

>>PEOPLE HAVE THE VIEW THAT

WATER IS PROVIDED FREE

FROM THE HEAVENS,

FROM GOD.

SO, WHY MUST YOU PAY FOR WATER?

BUT IF YOU'RE GOING TO

RECEIVE WATER IN A SUSTAINED

WAY, THROUGH PIPES,

AND TAPS,

THERE IS A LOT OF

MONEY THAT HAS TO GO

INTO THAT PROVISION.

>>WE ARE QUITE SYMPATHETIC

TO THE FACT THAT YOU HAVE

TO RUN THIS CITY,

AND YOU NEED MONEY.

BUT, ARE YOU GOING TO

TRY AND GET THIS MONEY

OUT OF PEOPLE WHO

CANNOT PAY YOU AT ALL?

>>ONE OF THE UN RESOLUTIONS,

THE MILLENNIUM GOALS,

THEY WANT TO REDUCE THE

NUMBER OF PEOPLE,

THE PERCENTAGE OF PEOPLE

WITHOUT ACCESS TO DRINKING

WATER BY HALF BY THE YEAR 2015.

BUT IF YOU CONTINUE TO

PROVIDE DRINKING WATER USING

CONVENTIONAL METHODS,

USING CENTRALIZED,

TREATED WATER PIPED TO

VARIOUS LOCATIONS,

THE COST BECOMES UNAFFORDABLE

BECAUSE MOST OF THESE RURAL

PEOPLE LIVE IN SMALL

SETTLEMENTS DISPERSED WIDELY.

SO ONE MUST THINK OF WAYS

TO DO IT OUTSIDE THE BOX,

AS THE SAYING GOES.

ALMOST EVERYBODY IN INDIA

HAS AN EXPERIENCE WITH

BIOLOGICALLY CONTAMINATED

WATER.

IN MY CASE,

I LOST 5 OF MY COUSINS TO

DIARRHEA DISEASE WHILE

I WAS GROWING UP.

>>I WAS JUST A CHILD.

IT WAS ONLY WHEN I GREW

UP AND I HAD MY OWN CHILDREN

THAT I HAD SOME APPRECIATION

OF WHAT A DISASTER IT MUST

HAVE BEEN FOR MY AUNTS

AND UNCLES.

THE FACT THAT ULTRAVIOLET

LIGHT KILLS PATHOGENS,

OR BACTERIA IN WATER,

HAS BEEN KNOWN SINCE 1920'S.

I CAME UP WITH THE IDEA TO

DISINFECT WATER WITH UV LIGHT

IN A WAY THAT IS AFFORDABLE

BECAUSE NOBODY ELSE WAS

DOING IT.

IT'S SOMETHING THAT SHOULD

HAVE BEEN DONE,

AND COULD HAVE BEEN DONE,

BY MANY, MANY PEOPLE MUCH,

MUCH EARLIER,

BUT IT JUST WASN'T.

IN THIS STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH,

LAST YEAR, 70,000 PEOPLE DIED

FROM DIRTY DRINKING WATER

DESPITE OFFICIAL CLAIMS THAT,

YEAH, YOU KNOW,

IT'S AVAILABLE WITHIN 2

KILOMETERS OF WALKING DISTANCE,

TENS OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE IN

EVERY STATE OF INDIA LOSE THEIR

LIVES TO DIRTY DRINKING WATER.

>>THE DAILY OPERATION OF THE

SYSTEM CAN BE TAKEN CARE OF

BY THE LOCAL COMMUNITY.

THE PRICE AT WHICH THEY BUY

THE WATER FROM THEMSELVES

PROVIDES ENOUGH REVENUE TO

EMPLOY THE PERSON WHO

ACTUALLY MAINTAINS THE SYSTEM,

WHO'S A LOCAL PERSON.

SO IT BECOMES A FINANCIALLY

VIABLE,

SELF-SUSTAINING MODEL OF HOW

A COMMUNITY CAN PAY FOR SAFE

DRINKING WATER FOR PEOPLE WHO

HAVE NEVER HAD SAFE DRINKING

WATER THEIR WHOLE LIFE.

>>THE COST PER PERSON PER

YEAR FOR HAVING 10 LITERS OF

SAFE DRINKING WATER EVERY DAY

IS JUST $2 US DOLLARS PER

PERSON PER YEAR.

EVEN FOR PEOPLE WHO MAKE LESS

THAN A DOLLAR A DAY,

THEY CAN AFFORD $2 DOLLARS

PER YEAR.

THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE WHO

ACTUALLY BENEFIT EVERY DAY

FROM THIS TECHNOLOGY IS ABOUT

300,000.

IN PROPORTION TO THE NUMBER

OF PEOPLE WHO NEED IT,

IT'S REALLY MINISCULE.

WE HAVE A HUGE AMOUNT OF

DISTANCE TO GO.

HISTORICALLY, MOST

OF THE FUNDING PROVIDED BY

AID INSTITUTIONS HAS GONE TO

POOR COUNTRIES BUT PROVIDED

WATER ONLY TO THE POLITICALLY

POWERFUL AND ECONOMICALLY

POWERFUL SECTORS IN THOSE

COUNTRIES.

ONCE THEY GET THEIR SAFE

DRINKING WATER,

THEIR PASSION FOR PROVIDING

SAFE DRINKING WATER FOR

THE REST OF THE COUNTRY

DECLINES SUBSTANTIALLY.

ESSENTIALLY,

IT'S THAT THEY HAVE GOT WHAT

THEY WANTED AND THE REST CAN

LIVE IN SLUMS AND DRINK THE

WATER THAT THEY CAN GET.

>>FOR THE LONGEST TIME,

PEOPLE HAVE TAKEN WATER FOR

GRANTED.

MOST PEOPLE DON'T THINK ABOUT

WHERE THEIR WATER COMES FROM.

THEY JUST TURN ON THE TAP AND

THEY EXPECT IT TO BE THERE.

THOSE DAYS ARE ENDING.

>>THIS NOTION THAT WE'LL

HAVE WATER FOREVER IS WRONG.

CALIFORNIA'S RUNNING OUT,

IT'S GOT 20-SOME YEARS OF WATER,

NEW MEXICO'S GOT 10, ALTHOUGH

THEY'RE BUILDING GOLF-COURSES AS

FAST AS THEY CAN, SO MAYBE THEY

CAN WHITTLE THAT DOWN TO FIVE.

ARIZONA, FLORIDA, EVEN THE GREAT

LAKES NOW, THERE'S HUGE NEW

DEMAND.

>>THE NILE RIVER DOESN'T REACH

ITS END, THE COLORADO RIVER,

THE YELLOW RIVER IN CHINA.

THEY, FOR THE MOST PART,

DON'T FLOW ANYMORE TO THE SEA.

>>SO, THIS NOTION THAT SOMEHOW

THESE PROBLEMS ARE FAR AWAY,

GET RID OF THAT, YOU KNOW,

TAKE IT OUT OF YOUR HEAD THAT,

YOU KNOW, DELETE THAT.

>>WE'RE TREATING THE WATER

RESOURCES OF THE PLANET WITH

CONTEMPT,

WHICH IS JUST SO STUPID BECAUSE

WE DEPEND ON THEM,

WE NEED WATER TO LIVE.

WE'LL ONLY SURVIVE FOR

A DAY OR 2 IF WE DON'T

HAVE WATER.

>>SCIENTISTS THROUGH DECADES OF

STUDY AND MILLION AND MILLIONS

OF PIECES OF DATA NOW RECOGNIZE

THE FACT THAT WE'RE ON THE

BRINK OF THE SIXTH GREAT MASS

EXTINCTION EVER TO BE

EXPERIENCED ON THE FACE OF

EARTH.

THE FIFTH GREAT MASS

EXTINCTION WAS WITH

THE DINOSAUR AGE.

>>YOU KNOW THOSE MOVIES WHERE

THERE'S THE COMET COMING

AT THE EARTH AND ALL OF A

SUDDEN THE GOVERNMENTS OF

THE WORLD SAY,

"GEE, OUR DIFFERENCES AREN'T

SO BIG ANYMORE BECAUSE WE'RE

ABOUT TO ALL DIE?"

THAT'S REALLY WHERE WE ARE.

THERE IS A COMET COMING AT US.

IT'S CALLED WATER SHORTAGE.

>>CLIMATE CHANGE IS A REAL

PROBLEM.

HUMANS ARE CHANGING

THE CLIMATE, WE ALREADY SEE

EVIDENCE ABOUT IT.

ONE OF THE MOST SIGNIFICANT

IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE WILL

BE ON OUR WATER RESOURCES.

>>WE'RE GOING TO SEE A LOT OF

PEOPLE ARE GOING TO DIE BECAUSE

OF THE FLOODS AND DROUGHTS AND

VARIOUS SOCIAL UPHEAVALS THAT

ARE CAUSED BY GLOBAL WARMING.

WHAT'S ALSO TRAGIC IS THAT

THERE'S A LOT OF AWARENESS NOW,

BUT SO MUCH OF THAT AWARENESS IS

THEN BEING USED BY CORPORATE

INTERESTS,

"OH, WE'RE RUNNING OUT OF WATER,

AND WE NEED TO INVEST SO MUCH

MONEY IN WATER,

AND IT'S SO TERRIBLE HOW WATER

IS MANAGED."

AND THEN SOMEHOW TO MAKE THE

FLIP TO,

"OH, WE MUST PRIVATIZE IT,

SO THEN WE'LL USE IT MORE

EFFICIENTLY AND EVERYBODY WILL

BE BETTER OFF."

WHICH IS TOTAL NONSENSE,

TOTAL UTTER NONSENSE.

IT MEANS MAINLY,

THESE PEOPLE HAVE AN INTEREST

CLEARLY IN MAKING MONEY OUT OF

SELLING WATER TO PEOPLE.

>>THERE ARE PRIVATE,

CORPORATE INTERESTS THAT HAVE

DECIDED THAT WATER IS GOING TO

BE PUT ON THE OPEN MARKET FOR

SALE, IT'S GOING TO BE

COMMODIFIED AND TREATED AS

ANY OTHER SALEABLE GOOD.

>>WATER IS NOW A $400 BILLION

DOLLAR GLOBAL INDUSTRY;

THE THIRD LARGEST BEHIND

ELECTRICITY AND OIL.

>>I BOUGHT THE GREEN,

I HAVE THE BLUE, AND I HAVE

ABOUT HALF OF THE YELLOW.

>>THE MARKET IS AMORAL AND IT'S

GOING TO LEAD YOU TO TAKING

ADVANTAGE OF POLLUTION AND

SCARCITY,

FRANKLY, BUT IT'S GOING TO LEAD

YOU TO SELLING TO THOSE WHO CAN

BUY IT AND NOT TO THOSE

WHO NEED IT.

>>THE WATER SECTOR IS GOING

TO GROW TWO TO THREE TIMES

THE GLOBAL ECONOMY OVER THE

NEXT 20 YEARS.

BY BUYING THE COMPANIES THAT

SOURCE, TREAT,

DISTRIBUTE AND MONITOR

OUR WATER SUPPLY,

YOU'RE LIKELY TO HAVE A PRETTY

STRONG INVESTMENT OVER

THE NEXT DECADE OR SO.

>>PEOPLE SAY THAT,

"WELL, WATER'S A LOT LIKE AIR,

DO YOU CHARGE FOR AIR?"

OF COURSE NOT.

"YOU SHOULDN'T CHARGE FOR

WATER," WELL OK,

WATCH WHAT HAPPENS.

>>BOTTLED WATER IS USED BY

MILLIONS OF PEOPLE AROUND

THE WORLD BECAUSE THEY THINK

IT'S SAFER THAN TAP WATER.

THERE IS LESS THAN ONE PERSON,

ACCORDING TO THE FOOD AND DRUG

ADMINISTRATION,

REGULATING THE ENTIRE

MULTI-BILLION DOLLAR BOTTLED

WATER INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED

STATES.

THAT MEANS THAT,

THAT POOR PERSON DOES MULTIPLE

THINGS, AND 1 OF THEM IS

WATER.

THE FOOD AND DRUG

ADMINISTRATION,

IF YOU ASK THEM WHAT'S IN ANY

BRAND OF BOTTLED WATER,

THEY'LL SAY,

"WE HAVE NO IDEA."

>>IT'S SO

STUPID.

WHY WOULD PEOPLE PAY SUCH A

PREMIUM FOR BOTTLED WATER?

TO FIND OUT,

WE TOOK OVER A VERY TRENDY

CALIFORNIA RESTAURANT.

WE PRINTED OUR OWN ELEGANT

WATER MENUS WITH PHONY

IMPORTED WATERS COSTING AS

MUCH AS $7 DOLLARS PER BOTTLE.

OUR WATER STEWARD GIVES OUR

FIRST LUCKY COUPLE

OUR SPECIAL WATER LIST.

>>I GUESS WE'LL GET

THE L'EAU DU ROBINET.

>>THE L'EAU DU ROBINET?

>>YEAH >>OH, FANTASTIC.

>>IT'S FRENCH FOR TAP WATER.

>>CHEERS.

>>YEAH, THIS IS CLEAN.

>>IT HAS A FLAVOR TO IT.

>>HOW WOULD YOU COMPARE

IT TO TAP WATER?

>>OH YEAH, DEFINITELY

BETTER THAN TAP WATER.

>>WHAT'S THE ACTUAL SOURCE OF

THESE CHIC WATERS?

A GARDEN HOSE ON THE

RESTAURANT PATIO.

THREE OUT OF 4 AMERICANS

DRINK BOTTLED WATER AND 1

IN 5 WILL ONLY DRINK

BOTTLED WATER.

AND WATER IS SOMETHING

WE ALREADY PAY FOR.

>>LEADING BRANDS ARE

BASICALLY TAP WATER OFTEN

SOLD FOR MORE THAN THE

COST OF GASOLINE.

>>SO, TODAY WE'RE HERE AT

TUFTS UNIVERSITY ORGANIZING

OUR 42ND TAP WATER CHALLENGE.

>>I THOUGHT,

FOR SURE, THAT THE

DASANI WATER WAS TAP WATER.

>>THEY'RE SPENDING TENS

OF MILLIONS OF DOLLARS EVERY

YEAR TO CONVINCE US THAT

BOTTLED WATER IS BETTER

THAN TAP WATER,

WHEN IN FACT,

IT'S MUCH LESS REGULATED.

>>WE TESTED OVER A THOUSAND

BOTTLES OF WATER,

OVER A HUNDRED BRANDS

THAT ARE SOLD IN

THE UNITED STATES.

AND WE FOUND THAT

IT IS NOT NECESSARILY ANY SAFER,

OR BETTER,

OR PURER THAN YOUR

CITY TAP WATER.

WE FOUND THAT SOME OF THEM HAD

ARSENIC IN THEM, AT HIGH LEVELS,

SOME OF THEM HAD ORGANIC

CHEMICALS IN THEM,

A VARIETY OF BACTERIA,

SO THERE WERE PROBLEMS WITH

ABOUT A THIRD OF THE BRANDS

THAT WE SAMPLED.

SOME OF THE WATER WE SAW

THAT HAD PICTURES OF MOUNTAINS

ON IT, IT WAS CITY TAP WATER.

GLACIER WATER,

CAME FROM GROUND WATER IN

FLORIDA.

SOME OF THEM SAID THAT THEY

WERE PURE MOUNTAIN

I MEAN, THE LIST IS VERY LONG.

WE FOUND A CASE IN

MASSACHUSETTS WHERE A GUY HAD

SUNK A WELL IN AN INDUSTRIAL

PARKING LOT THAT WAS NEAR A

SUPERFUND SITE.

HE WAS PUMPING WATER OUT OF

THIS WELL AND SELLING IT UNDER

MULTIPLE DIFFERENT BRANDS.

SO PEOPLE BUYING THIS STUFF HAD

NO IDEA WHERE IT WAS

COMING FROM.

>>THE DREAM OF PURE WATER

FOR ALL IS WITHIN REACH FOR

THE HUMANKIND.

>>THE WORLD WATER COUNCIL

WAS CREATED AT A MEETING OF

BIG POWERFUL WATER INTERESTS

IN 1997.

THEY CAME TOGETHER TO PROMOTE

CORPORATE TAKE-OVER OF WATER.

THEY WILL NOT TELL YOU THAT.

THEY'LL SAY CAME TOGETHER TO

BRING WATER TO THE WORLD'S

PEOPLE.

BUT IF YOU LOOK AT WHO WAS AT

THAT FOUNDING MEETING,

IT'S ALL THE BIG WATER

CORPORATIONS,

IT'S THE WORLD BANK,

IT'S A LOT OF THE INTERNATIONAL

DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES

AND SO THEY CAME TOGETHER TO

PROMOTE A VISION OF A WATER

FUTURE THAT'S BASED ON

WATER AS A MARKET GOOD.

>>MOST AMERICANS HAVE NO IDEA

WHAT THE WORLD BANK ACTUALLY IS.

DO YOU AGREE WITH THAT?

>>I, UNFORTUNATELY, I DO.

AND IT'S SAD BECAUSE WE DEAL

WITH THE QUESTION OF GOVERNANCE,

THE QUESTION OF CORRUPTION,

QUESTIONS OF ENVIRONMENT,

QUESTIONS OF HEALTH,

QUESTIONS OF EDUCATION,

AND ULTIMATELY,

THOSE THINGS ARE AT

THE CORE OF PEACE.

>>HOW CAN YOU KEEP LOANING

POOR COUNTRIES MONEY

TO MEET THEIR BASIC NEEDS?

IT IS COMPLETELY PREDICTABLE

THAT WHAT HAPPENS IS POOR

COUNTRIES END UP WITH DEBTS

THEY CAN'T AFFORD,

AND THAT DEBT BECOMES THE NOOSE

AROUND THEIR NECK WITH WHICH

THE WORLD BANK AND THE

IMF BECOME THE GOVERNMENT.

>>THERE IS A POLITICAL SET OF

QUESTIONS TO BE ASKED AROUND

THIS.

WHO OWNS WATER?

WHO GETS TO MAKE THE DECISIONS

ABOUT WATER?

WHY IS THIS GROUP,

THE WORLD WATER COUNCIL AND THE

WORLD BANK,

AND THESE BIG WATER

CORPORATIONS,

WHY HAVE THEY GOT TO SET

THEMSELVES UP AS THE GLOBAL

HIGH COMMAND OF WATER AND MAKE

DECISIONS FOR THE REST OF US?

WHO EXACTLY ELECTED THEM?

>>THIS IS A CLUB THAT DECIDED,

I THINK BEFORE THE REST OF US

UNDERSTOOD,

THAT WATER IS THE MOST

PRECIOUS COMMODITY FOR

THEM IN THE WORLD.

IT'S BLUE GOLD.

THEY'RE GOING TO MAKE TONS OF

MONEY, AND MORE IMPORTANTLY,

THE MONEY BECAUSE YOU REALLY

NEED TO COMPARE FRESH

WATER WITH OIL.

IT'S ABOUT POWER.

IT'S ABOUT WHICH SECTORS OF

SOCIETY, WHICH COUNTRIES,

WHICH GOVERNMENTS,

WHICH CORPORATIONS ARE GOING

TO CONTROL THE BLUE

GOLD OF THE FUTURE.

>>WATER IS FOR SURVIVAL AND

WHO OWNS THE WATER FOR SURVIVAL,

OWNS YOU,

AND THAT'S THE PICTURE THAT

PEOPLE HAVE TO UNDERSTAND.

>>HAVE YOU EVER SEEN

ANY OF YOUR VICTIMS?

>>VICTIMS? DON'T BE

MELODRAMATIC.

LOOK DOWN THERE.

WOULD YOU REALLY FEEL ANY PITY

IF ONE OF THOSE DOTS STOPPED

MOVING FOREVER?

IF I OFFERED YOU 20,000 POUNDS

FOR EVERY DOT THAT STOPPED,

WOULD YOU REALLY,

OLD MAN, TELL ME TO KEEP MY

MONEY?

OR WOULD YOU CALCULATE HOW MANY

DOTS YOU COULD AFFORD TO SPARE?

FREE OF INCOME TAX, HOLLY,

FREE OF INCOME TAX.

THE ONLY WAY YOU CAN

SAVE MONEY NOWADAYS.

>>THE GANGES IS QUITE CLEARLY

A MOTHER IN A DEEP SENSE IN

THE INDIAN CULTURAL HERITAGE.

WE BRING THE ASHES OF OUR

PEOPLE TO THIS RIVER

WHEN THEY DIE.

UNTIL THOSE ASHES

TOUCH THE RIVER,

THEIR SPRITS AND SOULS

ARE NOT CONSIDERED TO

HAVE HAD SALVATION.

WHEN A CHILD IS BORN,

WE PUT A DROP OF GANGES WATER

IN THEIR MOUTH.

WHEN SOMEONE DIES,

THE LAST RITE IS A DROP

OF GANGES WATER.

IT IS CONSIDERED PURIFYING

IN A VERY DEEP SPIRITUAL

SENSE, THAT IT CLEANSES YOU,

AND IS THE PLACE WHERE HUMANS

RETURN TO BECOME MORE HUMAN.

IT'S THE RIVER THAT

GIVES US OUR HUMANITY.

>>ITS VERY LIFE IS

UNDER THREAT,

AND WITH THE LIFE OF THE GANGA,

WHAT IS THREATENED IS

THE BELIEF OF A BILLION INDIANS.

THIS WATER'S FLOW IS BEING

INTERRUPTED.

THIS GANGA IS BEING TRAPPED

IN THE TEHRI DAM,

AND THE TRAGEDY OF IT IS THAT

IT'S BEING DONE FOR MOST BASE,

CRUDE GREED OF ONE OF THE

WORLD'S BIGGEST WATER

COMPANIES.

SUEZ IS THEN GOING TO

GET THE WATER,

600 AND

35 MILLION LITERS

A DAY, TO BE SOLD TO

DELHI CITIZENS AT 10 TIMES

THE PRICE THEY ARE PAYING

FOR WATER TODAY.

>>IN THE 1800S AND THE 1700S,

AND GOING BACK EVEN FURTHER IN

TIME, SOCIETY LIVED ON THE

RESOURCES THAT WE HAD.

WE TOOK WATER WHEN WE NEEDED IT

FROM THE RIVERS FOR IRRIGATING

SMALL-SCALE AGRICULTURE.

WE CAPTURED RAINFALL AND

RECHARGED OUR GROUNDWATER

AQUIFERS WHEN WE COULD.

THAT TRADITIONAL WAY OF MEETING

OUR WATER NEEDS WAS REPLACED IN

THE 20TH CENTURY BY THE IDEA

THAT WE COULD BUILD LARGE

INFRASTRUCTURE,

WE COULD BUILD BIG DAMS,

WE COULD MOVE RIVERS AROUND.

>>WE'RE BUILDING DAMS BASICALLY

TO STORE WATER.

WHY DO WE STORE WATER?

WE STORE WATER SO THAT IT

CAN BE SUPPLIED FOR CITIES FOR

DRINKING WATER,

OR TO AGRICULTURE FOR

IRRIGATION,

AND SO THAT WE CAN GENERATE

HYDROELECTRICITY.

BUT THE BIG ISSUE IS DO WE

REALLY NEED DAMS TO DO

THESE THINGS AND ARE THERE

OTHER BETTER WAYS IN WHICH

WE CAN STORE WATER?

>>WHEN WE DAM A RIVER,

OR CHANGE THE COURSE OF A RIVER,

OR STRAIGHTEN A RIVER,

WE ARE PLAYING WITH A VERY

POWERFUL THING.

WE ARE ALTERING ECO SYSTEMS IN

A VERY SHORT PERIOD OF TIME

THAT TOOK THOUSANDS OR MILLIONS

OF YEARS TO ADAPT AND TO EVOLVE.

IN THE RIVER, YOU HAVE ORGANIC

MATTER THAT WOULD FLOW DOWN THE

RIVER AND FEED ALL THE LIFE

FORMS IN THE RIVER,

AND ALL OF THE LIFE FORMS ALONG

THE RIVER AND FEED OUR OCEANS.

WHEN YOU PUT UP A DAM,

THAT ORGANIC MATTER GETS

CAPTURED BEHIND THE DAM AND

IT BEGINS TO ROT AND IT CREATES

METHANE GAS,

AND METHANE GAS IS ONE OF THE

GASES THAT CONTRIBUTES TO THE

GREENHOUSE EFFECT ON OUR PLANET.

>>WHEN YOU CALCULATE THE

GLOBAL WARMING IMPACT OF THE

RESERVOIR IT CAN BE MANY

TIMES WORSE EVEN

THAN A COAL PLANT.

SOMETIMES 20 TIMES HIGHER

THAN A COAL BURNING POWER PLANT.

INVARIABLY,

WHEN A DAM IS BEING BUILT,

YOU HEAR JUSTIFICATION FOR THE

DAM BASED ON IT'S GOING TO

PROVIDE WATER FOR THE POOR,

IT'S GOING TO PROVIDE WATER

FOR THESE DROUGHT-PRONE AREAS

WHICH ARE SO BADLY IN NEED OF

WATER AND YOU GET THIS FEELING

THAT THIS IS SOME GREAT

DEVELOPMENT PROJECT TO HELP THE

LIVES OF THE SMALL FARMERS AND

THE POOR PEOPLE IN WHATEVER

COUNTRY WE'RE TALKING ABOUT.

ACTUAL EXPERIENCE SHOWS THAT

THIS DOESN'T HAPPEN, THAT THOSE

WHO ARE ABLE TO BENEFIT FROM

THE INCREASED IRRIGATION WATER

INVARIABLY ARE THE LARGER

FARMERS.

>>WORLDWIDE, THE MOST SHOCKING

IMPACT OF LARGE DAMS IS THE

DISPLACEMENT OF COMMUNITIES.

ACCORDING TO THE WORLD

COMMISSION ON DAMS,

SOMEWHERE BETWEEN 40 TO 80

MILLION PEOPLE WERE DISPLACED

BY LARGE DAMS IN THE

20TH CENTURY.

WE'RE TALKING TENS OF MILLIONS

OF PEOPLE;

WE'RE TALKING THE POPULATION

OF A LARGE EUROPEAN COUNTRY.

THIS IS REALLY A HUGE

NUMBER OF PEOPLE.

PROBLEM IS THAT PROMISES ARE

MADE ALL THE TIME TO THE

AFFECTED PEOPLE TO ENCOURAGE

PEOPLE TO MOVE.

"WE'LL GIVE YOU A NICE NEW

HOUSE.

WE'LL GIVE YOU CLEAN WATER.

WE'LL GIVE YOU ELECTRICITY."

BUT NOBODY IS ACTUALLY

ACCOUNTABLE FOR THESE PROMISES

TO BE FULFILLED.

PROMISES ARE MADE,

PEOPLE ARE MOVED,

THE PROJECT IS BUILT AND THEN A

YEAR LATER PEOPLE STILL DON'T

HAVE THEIR LANDS.

THERE'S NOTHING FOR THEM TO DO,

THEY HAVE NO LEGAL RECOURSE IN

MOST CASES TO HOLD ANYONE

ACCOUNTABLE.

>>SO IN THE NAME OF

DEVELOPMENT,

THESE COMMUNITIES IN THE

RIVER VALLEYS FACE DESTRUCTION,

DESTITUTION,

DEPRIVATION,

BECAUSE THE TIKLI POPULATED

COMMUNITIES WITH THE BEST OF

AGRICULTURE,

HORTICULTURE,

TEMPLES,

MOSQUES,

CULTURAL MONUMENTS,

EVERYTHING IS TO GO UNDERWATER.

>>THE WORLD BANK HAS BEEN THE

SINGLE BIGGEST FUNDER

OF BIG DAMS AROUND THE WORLD

SINCE IT WAS SET UP IN THE

1940S.

ONE REASON THE WORLD BANK

REALLY LIKES BIG DAMS IS BIG

DAMS ARE REALLY EXPENSIVE.

THE WORLD BANK HAS TO LEND

ABOUT $20 BILLION

DOLLARS A YEAR.

IF IT CAN'T DO THAT,

THEN IT MAKES LESS PROFITS.

SO WHAT'S THE EASIEST WAY

TO BOOST UP ITS LENDING IS TO

LEND TO THESE HUGE PROJECTS.

IN ALL THE COUNTRIES WHERE IT

OPERATES,

THE WORLD BANK HAS LEGAL

IMMUNITIES.

SO NOBODY CAN TAKE THE WORLD

BANK TO COURT.

SO THE WORLD BANK FINANCES A

PROJECT,

WHICH DESTROYS YOUR LIVELIHOOD,

YOUR HOME,

FLOODS YOUR LAND,

RUINS YOUR LIFE.

YOU CAN'T SUE THE

WORLD BANK FOR THAT.

>>THE WORLD BANK KNOWS HOW

TO SPEND A BILLION DOLLARS IN

ONE PLACE.

THEY DON'T KNOW HOW TO SPEND A

THOUSAND DOLLARS IN A MILLION

PLACES;

TO SPEND THAT SAME BILLION

DOLLARS AT A MILLION

DIFFERENT VILLAGES.

AND YET,

IN MANY PLACES,

WHAT WE NEED IS NOT A BILLION

DOLLAR ANSWER,

IT'S A THOUSAND DOLLAR ANSWER.

>>CENTURIES AGO,

BUILDINGS WOULD BE BUILT WITH

TANKS IN THE BASEMENT AND WATER

WOULD FALL ON THE ROOF AND THEN

BE ROUTED DOWN TO THE BASEMENT

AND STORED THERE AND PEOPLE ARE

NOW REALIZING,

"YEAH, THAT WAS AN INCREDIBLY

GOOD IDEA."

WHY DO WE SPEND BILLIONS OF

DOLLARS BUILDING SOME HUGE DAM A

HUNDRED MILES AWAY?

WHY DON'T WE JUST TRAP THE

RAINWATER THAT ACTUALLY

FALLS ON THE HOUSE?

I'M NOT ENGINEER.

I DON'T KNOW ABOUT THE WATER.

YOU SEE THAT HILL?

SO WHAT WE CAN DO?

MANGU SAYS,

"I CAN TEACH YOU."

OF MY COUNTRY.

SO THIS HILL AND THAT HILL

WE CAN JOIN WITH THIS WATER

HARVESTING STRUCTURE.

AND ALL WATER COMES THAT

SIDE, SO ALL COLLECT HERE

AND RECHARGES UNDERGROUND

AQUIFERS.

...AND SURFACE.

>>DUE TO THIS WATER

CONSERVATION,

OUR FARMERS ARE TAKING GOOD

TWO, THREE CROPS.

SO NOW THAT MUCH

GRAIN IS COMING.

NOW WE ARE GIVING THE GRAIN

TO THE CITIES.

WE ARE GIVING THE VEGETABLES

TO THE CITIES!

NOW THE CITY PEOPLE ARE

COMING TO MY VILLAGE,

FOR THE EMPLOYMENT.

>>AT THE POINT THAT I LEARNED

ABOUT NESTLE'S INTENTION OF

ESTABLISHING A BOTTLING PLANT

HERE IN MICHIGAN,

I THOUGHT, "NESTLE HERE,

IN THE HEART OF OUR STATE,

BOTTLING WATER,

THIS IS A BIG ONE."

>>THEY'RE PUMPING UPWARDS

OF 450 GALLONS PER MINUTE.

AND WHAT THAT MEANS IN

ECOLOGICAL TERMS,

IS THAT STREAMS ARE LOWERING,

THAT WHAT USED TO BE BODIES OF

WATER ARE TURNING INTO MUDFLATS,

LAKE LEVELS ARE DROPPING IN THE

VICINITY OF THIS PUMPING SITE.

ADDING INSULT TO INJURY IS THE

FACT THAT NESTLE CORPORATION

DOESN'T PAY ONE CENT FOR THE

WATER THAT THEY EXTRACT.

AND THEY'RE MAKING,

IT'S SPECULATED,

UPWARDS OF $1.8 MILLION DOLLARS

A DAY IN PROFITS OFF OF THAT

WATER, WHICH BELONGS

TO ALL OF US.

>>SO HERE WE ARE IN MICHIGAN,

YOU'VE GOT A COMPANY THAT WANTS

TO PUMP WATER OUT OF A STREAM

SYSTEM, ALRIGHT?

IT DOESN'T OWN THE WATER.

IT HAS A RIGHT TO USE THE

WATER LIKE OTHER LANDOWNERS.

SO THE QUESTION IS,

DOES THEIR RIGHT TO USE MEAN

THEY HAVE A RIGHT TO PUT IT

IN A BOTTLE, AND CLAIM

OWNERSHIP, AND SELL IT?

THAT WAS THE BASIC QUESTION.

>>WE ASKED FOR A MORATORIUM

AND SAID,

GIVE THE PEOPLE MORE TIME

TO RESEARCH THIS,

TO FIND OUT,

"IS THIS WHAT THE

COMMUNITY WANTS?"

AND THE TOWNSHIP OFFICIALS

BASICALLY SAID,

"WE KNOW WHAT'S BEST."

>>WHEN CITIZENS HEAR ABOUT

A PROJECT,

YOU CAN BE SURE THE COMPANY'S

BEEN THERE FOR AT LEAST A YEAR

ALREADY.

THEY'VE TALKED WITH EVERYBODY

THEY NEEDED TO TALK TO,

THEY'VE BEEN GIVEN THE

GREEN LIGHT INFORMALLY,

>>NESTLE CORPORATION RECEIVED

$10 MILLION DOLLARS IN TAX

ABATEMENTS OVER TEN YEARS.

SO, NOT ONLY ARE THEY NOT PAYING

FOR THE WATER ITSELF,

BUT THEY'RE NOT EVEN

CONTRIBUTING TO THE LOCAL

TAX BASE OF THAT COMMUNITY.

>>AND THE DNR LEASED THAT

PROPERTY TO THEM FOR 99 YEARS

FOR $63,000 DOLLARS.

NOTHING.

>>AND YOU SEE THESE

SEMI-TRUCKS TRAVELING IN,

ONE RIGHT AFTER THE OTHER TO

PICK UP THIS WATER,

WHICH HAS BEEN PUMPED FROM

THE GROUND,

HAS TRAVELED THROUGH

12 MILES OF STAINLESS STEEL

PIPE, THEY'VE TREATED

IT WITH CHEMICALS,

THEY'VE PUT IT IN PLASTIC

BOTTLES, WHICH ARE A

NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCE,

THEY'RE POLLUTING OUR

WATERSHEDS THE MOMENT

YOU'VE CONSUMED THE WATER

>>AND I'M SURE A LOT OF

IT WILL END UP RIGHT BACK

UP HERE BECAUSE THEY

SELL ICE MOUNTAIN IN THE AREA,

SO IT'S LUDICROUS.

THEY MAKE SCADS OF MONEY

GIVING OUR WATER BACK TO US.

>>THEY'RE BEING SUED IN

5 STATES.

IN ZEPHYRHILLS,

THEY TOOK SO MUCH WATER,

THAT THERE ARE HUGE

SINKHOLES WHERE THE LAND

IS SINKING.

AND I LIVE ON A FARM

AND I DON'T WANT MY LITTLE

STREAM TO DISAPPEAR.

AND THEY WANT TO PUT MORE

WELLS UP IN EVART.

THIS IS OUR WATER..

>>MY WIFE'S SISTER,

WHEN THEY WERE DOING HER

TESTING LAST YEAR,

SHE RAN OUT OF WATER AT

THAT TIME WHEN THEY WERE

DOING HER SEVEN DAY TEST

AND FOUR DAY TEST.

>>MY NEIGHBOR NEXT TO ME

IS ALMOST OUT OF WATER

AND ALL OF THIS STARTED

AFTER THEY STARTED TESTING

THEIR WELLS.

>>WE'RE FIGHTING THIS

BATTLE, THIS

DAVID & GOLIATH BATTLE.

>>WE ARE HAVING TO HAVE

GARAGE SALES,

AND BAKE SALES,

AND CONCERTS,

AND ALL KINDS OF

LITTLE FUNDRAISERS.

>>THE COURT IS NOW IN SESSION,

THE HONORABLE LAWRENCE C. ROOT

PRESIDES.

YOU MAY BE SEATED.

>>THE U.N. IS SAYING IN

THEIR REPORTS,

BY THE YEAR 2020,

WE'RE GOING TO HAVE HALF

THE WORLD'S POPULATION

WITHOUT ADEQUATE WATER.

BY GOD, THEY'RE COMING

AFTER MICHIGAN'S WATER.

WHEN NESTLE CAME INTO MICHIGAN,

THEY SAID, "WE'RE A GOOD

CORPORATE CITIZEN,

WE'RE NOT GOING TO HURT

ANYTHING.

WE'RE RESPONSIBLE."

DURING THE TRIAL,

THE COMPANY KEPT PUMPING

DURING A SEASON OF DROUGHT.

>>ANY OF THE PREDICTED

REDUCTIONS IN FLOW IN DEAD

STREAM WILL HAVE ABSOLUTELY

NO EFFECT ON THAT ECOSYSTEM.

>>THE STREAM AREA IN FRONT

OF ONE OF THE CLIENT'S

HOMES WAS BASICALLY A MUDFLAT.

I CROSS-EXAMINED THE PLANT

MANAGER AND I SAID,

"LOOK AT THESE PICTURES,

THERE'S A MUDFLAT HERE,

DON'T YOU THINK YOU OUGHT

TO STOP PUMPING?"

THEY KEPT PUMPING EVEN THEN.

SOME OF THESE SMALL CHANNELS

THAT FLOW INTO THE LAKE FROM

THESE SPRINGS ALONG THE NORTH

SHORE ALMOST STOPPED FLOWING.

THE REALITY WAS, NO MATTER WHAT

THEY SAID,

THERE WAS SIGNIFICANT

ADVERSE IMPACT AND

THEY KEPT PUMPING.

>>WE HAD A PETITION DRIVE

AND A COUPLE OF WEEKS LATER,

CITIZENS ARE CALLING

ME AND SAYING,

"SOMEONE KNOCKED ON MY DOOR

AND IT WAS A

PRIVATE INVESTIGATOR."

>>THEY EVEN HIRED A FIRM

THAT CAME AROUND AND WENT

TO PEOPLES' DOORS, KNOCKED

ON THEIR DOOR AND SAID,

"DID YOU SIGN A PETITION?"

AND CONFRONTED

THESE OLDER FOLKS.

>>WHAT WE DID WAS,

WE SAID,

"LET'S GO BACK IN TIME

AND LOOK AT WHO OWNED

THE WATER A THOUSAND YEARS AGO

IN ROME,

AND HOW HAS THE CIVIL LAW

IN EUROPE AND IN OTHER CULTURES

HANDLED THIS QUESTION OF WATER

OWNERSHIP AND USE."

AND WHAT WE FOUND WAS THAT WATER

HAS ALWAYS HAD A PUBLIC ASPECT

TO IT.

THIS WATER HAS ALWAYS BEEN

CONSIDERED NOT OWNED BY

ANYBODY.

TODAY WE THINK,

"WELL, ISN'T THAT PROFOUND?"

IT'S NOT PROFOUND AT ALL.

I MEAN,

THAT'S JUST COMMON SENSE.

YOU LOOK AT THE SUN,

DO YOU OWN THE SUN?

WATER IS THIS TRANSIENT

GIFT ON EARTH FOR LIFE,

MOVING AND FLOWING.

AND INHERENT IN ITS

TRANSIENT NATURE IS THE IDEA

OF COMMONS.

THINGS THAT ARE NOT TRANSIENT,

YOU KNOW, LIKE THIS PEN,

OK, YOU CAN PICK UP AND OWN.

THINGS THAT ARE TRANSIENT,

YOU DON'T OWN.

THE JUDGE RULED,

HE SIMPLY SAID,

"LOOK, A DIVERSION OF WATER FOR

SELLING SOMEWHERE ELSE THAT

DIMINISHES THE FLOW OR LAKE,

THE INTEGRITY OF THIS FLOW OF

WATER, IS UNLAWFUL.

IT CANNOT BE DONE,

THEY DO NOT HAVE THE PROPERTY

RIGHT TO DO IT,

AND HE TOLD THEM TO

TURN OFF THE PUMPS.

>>GO AWAY GO AWAY.

COCA-COLA GO AWAY.

COCA-COLA GO AWAY.

NO PEPSI, NO COLA.

WE WANT DRINKING WATER.

NO PEPSI, NO COLA.

WE WANT DRINKING WATER.

>>I FIRST CAME TO

PLACHIMADA LAST YEAR.

MY SISTERS WERE SITTING ALONE,

HAVING PERSISTED FOR A YEAR TO

TELL COKE TO GO HOME.

>>WHAT'S HAPPENING HERE IS

THAT THESE WOMEN FROM ALL

GENERATIONS ARE BEING PUT

OFF THE LAND BY COCA-COLA,

WHICH IS ACROSS THE ROAD

STEALING THEIR WATER,

BOTTLING THEIR WATER,

POISONING THEIR LAND.

THEIR WELLS ARE RUNNING DRY,

THEIR FOOD ISN'T GOOD ANYMORE,

THE WATER'S IMPOSSIBLE

TO BATHE IN.

SO THESE PEOPLE HAVE BEEN IN A

SIT-IN LIKE THIS FOR ALMOST

2 YEARS NOW.

EVERY SINGLE DAY THEY

QUIETLY, WITH GREAT DIGNITY,

COME HERE AND SPEAK THEIR

TRUTH TO THAT POWER

ACROSS THE ROAD.

>>NOBODY IN THIS COUNTRY,

ESPECIALLY THE POOR,

HAVE THE LUXURY TO SIT AT

A TIME WHEN THEY COULD BE

WORKING TO MAKE A LIVING.

AND I KNOW THAT IF OUR

SISTERS AND BROTHERS ARE SITTING

HERE DAY IN AND DAY OUT,

IT IS WITH A REASON.

>>WE COME HERE AS GUESTS TO

BE WITH OUR BROTHERS AND

SISTERS WHO HAVE BEEN

STRUGGLING.

AND THE MEDIA WILL THEN

REPORT COCA-COLA REFUSED

TO LET THE PEOPLE OF

PLACHIMADA IN. >>MA'AM

THAT'S EXACTLY WHAT WE ARE

QUESTIONING ABOUT YOU

AS A COMPANY.

>>THAT IS A SUBJECT I AM

NOT SUPPOSED TO DEBATE ON.

>>WE HAVE TO WORK HARDER TO

DO SOMETHING ABOUT THIS

BECAUSE COCA-COLA,

AND PEPSI, AND NESTLE,

LET'S NOT FORGET NESTLE,

IS IN COMMUNITIES,

THEY'RE WATER HUNTERS,

THEY'RE HUNTING WHAT'S LEFT

OF THE PUREST WATER UNDER

THE GROUND ALL OVER THE WORLD.

AND THEY'RE DESTROYING

COMMUNITIES IN THEIR WAKE

AND THEY DON'T CARE.

>>WHEN IT COMES TO WATER AND

PEOPLE'S RIGHT TO WATER,

WE ARE ONE COMMON HUMANITY

AND ONE COMMON SURVIVOR.

THERE IS NO SUBSTITUTE FOR

CLEAN FRESH WATER AND LOCAL

ENVIRONMENT OF RIVERS,

STREAMS AND GROUNDWATER.

THERE IS NO SUBSTITUTE,

THERE IS NO ALTERNATIVE,

AND THAT'S WHY WATER MUST

BE PROTECTED EVERYWHERE.

>>"NEVER DOUBT THAT A SMALL

GROUP OF THOUGHTFUL COMMITTED

CITIZENS CAN CHANGE THE WORLD.

INDEED, IT'S THE ONLY THING

THAT EVER HAS."

WE ARE PROOF OF THAT.

>>THIS BAND OF PEOPLE IN

MICHIGAN, WHICH GREW FROM A

SMALL BAND TO 1,800 MEMBERS NOW,

AND IT'S GROWING.

AND, THEY'RE CONNECTING

WITH ALL THE OTHER GROUPS IN

NORTH AMERICA AND ELSEWHERE

IN THE WORLD BECAUSE THAT'S

HOW THIS, THAT'S HOW THIS WORKS.

>>IT'S NOT A DEMOCRATIC ISSUE

AND IT'S NOT A REPUBLICAN ISSUE.

IT'S A PEOPLE ISSUE.

LET IT BE CLEAR TO THIS COMPANY,

SUEZ THAT SAYS WE MUST RAISE

THE TARIFFS AND IF WE DON'T,

THEY WILL LEAVE.

IF THEY WISH TO GO, THEY CAN.

THE PEOPLE WILL KNOW WHAT THEY

HAVE TO DO.

>>THE FIGHT AGAINST WATER

PRIVATIZATION IS AN

INTERNATIONAL STRUGGLE AND

WE WILL FIGHT BECAUSE THERE'S

ONLY ONE THING TO DO.

EITHER WE FIGHT OR WE DIE,

AND I SAY WE FIGHT.

>>WHAT IF WE WORK IN

HARMONY WITH WATER?

BECAUSE DON'T WE WANT OUR

CHILDREN AND OUR CHILDREN'S

CHILDREN TO SHARE TIME WITH

ALL THESE BEAUTIFUL LIFE FORMS?

I MEAN, DO WE COME HERE TO

SPEND MOST OF OUR TIME LIVING

IN NON-LIVING BOXES?

AND WHY ARE WE HERE?

>>THE LARGE MAJORITY OF THE

PEOPLE DON'T UNDERSTAND THAT

THE FUTURE OF THEIR CHILDREN,

AND THE FUTURE OF OTHER SPECIES,

THE FUTURE OF ENTIRE ECOSYSTEMS

IS NOW IN THE HANDS OF HOW WE

HUMANS INTERFERE WITH HOW THE

PLANET OPERATES AS A SYSTEM.

WE WANT TO LEAVE A POSITIVE

LEGACY FOR THE FUTURE

GENERATIONS.

NOT A DISASTER,

WHICH THEY ARE TO FIGHT.

I DON'T KNOW HOW IT'S GOING

TO HAPPEN, BUT IT'S GOT

TO COME FROM,

AT SOME LEVEL, FROM

INTROSPECTION, RIGHT?

IT'S GOT TO COME,

ULTIMATELY,

FROM EVERYBODY ASKING HIMSELF

AND HERSELF WHAT REALLY

MATTERS TO THEM AND

MAKING A CHANGE,

OR TAKING SOME ACTION THAT

IS CONSISTENT WITH

WHAT REALLY MATTERS.

>>THE ONLY WAY TO PUSH FOR

THESE CHANGES IS IF EVERYONE

GETS INVOLVED,

AND I THINK THE TRUE SOLUTION

TO WATER PROBLEMS ARE

ULTIMATELY GOING TO BE LOCAL.

THAT'S THE WAVE OF THE FUTURE.

>>IT IS NOT AN ISSUE OF LACK

OF KNOWLEDGE.

IT IS A LACK OF POLITICAL WILL.

WE HAVE TO COLLECTIVELY FIND

THE POLITICAL WILL TO DO WHAT

NEEDS TO BE DONE TO SAVE THE

WORLD'S WATER SOURCES.

>>IN EVERYTHING THAT WE DO,

WE NEED TO PASS A POSITIVE

MESSAGE TO THE CHILDREN,

YOU KNOW?

AND WITH THINGS LIKE WATER,

AND THE MOON,

AND THE STARS,

THESE ARE ALL PRECIOUS GIFTS

THAT WE ARE GIVEN.

AND I THINK IT'S A BEAUTIFUL

STORY FOR THE KIDS TO HEAR.

WHAT I'M TEACHING TO THE KIDS

IS THAT,

LET'S STAND UP AND FIGHT.

YOU KNOW, ONE DAY,

YOU ARE GOING TO CHANGE THIS,

AND YOU ARE GOING TO MAKE

THIS COMMUNITY A BETTER ONE.

>>WHEN THEY CAME IN THIS AREA

TO DRILL THE WELLS FOR US,

WE NEVER THOUGHT THAT WE WOULD

GET SUCH KIND OF CLEAN WATER.

EVERYONE IS USING IT NOW.

>>THERE'S SO MANY THINGS THAT

CAN BE DONE, BIG AND SMALL.

THIS PLAYPUMP, IT'S PUT DOWN

WHERE THERE'S GROUNDWATER,

AND THE CHILDREN RIDING ON THIS,

THEY BRING THE WATER UP INTO

THIS HUGE TANK, WHICH THEN

STORES THE WATER FOR THE

COMMUNITY.

>>MORE AND MORE PEOPLE ARE

LOOKING AT RAINWATER HARVESTING

AS A PART OF THE SOLUTIONS,

A WAY TO REALLY MANAGE OVER

CONSUMPTION OF THE AQUIFER.

IN FACT,

THERE ARE HUNDREDS OF HOMES

IN THE AUSTIN AREA OF THE HILL

COUNTRY THAT RELY ON RAINWATER

COLLECTION SYSTEMS FOR THEIR

WATER SUPPLIES.

IT WORKS VERY SIMPLY;

THE WATER IS CAUGHT ON THE

ROOFTOP AND IS COLLECTED IN

THE GUTTERS AND TAKEN TO A

CISTERN, OR VERY LARGE STORAGE

CONTAINER.

AND BY BALANCING THE SIZE OF

THE ROOF WITH THE SIZE OF THE

TANK WITH THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE

IN THE HOUSE,

THE OVERALL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

CAN MANAGE THE UPS AND DOWNS OF

DRY AND WET PERIODS AND PROVIDE

A VERY RELIABLE WATER SUPPLY.

>>THERE IS A ROLE FOR EVERYONE

BECAUSE WE NEED AN ORGANIZED

ARMY OF WATER ACTIVISTS IN EVERY

SINGLE CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT

TO DEAL WITH THESE PROBLEMS.

THE FIRST THING THAT WE NEED

TO DO IS GET FEDERAL LEGISLATION

THAT ESTABLISHES A FEDERAL TRUST

FUND TO FIX OUR AGING

INFRASTRUCTURE, 1.5 MILLION

MILES OF IT,

MUCH OF IT MORE THAN A HUNDRED

YEARS OLD.

AND WE SHOULD REMEMBER IT WAS

COMMUNITY LEADERS AT THE TURN

OF THE 20TH CENTURY WHO HAD

THE VISION AND FORESIGHT TO

FIGHT FOR THE FEDERAL DOLLARS

TO BUILD THE PIPES THAT GAVE

US UNIVERSAL SERVICE FOR WATER,

IF THEY DID IT, WE CAN DO IT.

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