All language subtitles for A645ABFBD92CE7EF8F87E1512A5ABF7C_eng

Meet mahathi, an aging mother.

Wise beyond her years.

But she sits at the
Bottom of the pile.

An old woman surrounded
By young fertile queens.

They live in a monkey paradise

Where food is always
Free and always abundant.

But they're envied in
Their lush garden home.

And a sudden attack
Changes everything.

Forced to flee,

Mahathi's troops seeks
Refuge on the streets.

They're out of their
Element, hungry and afraid.

Can mahathi's
Experience save them?

They must learn to
Fend for themselves

If they're to fight To
reclaim their home.

The heat of the dry season

Hangs heavy over the
Ancient city of jodhpur.

The city lies on the
Edge of the thar desert,

So heat is no stranger
To its residents.

But it's been six months
Since the last rains.

Despite the
punishing Conditions,

One species thrives here.

They are gray langurs.

Also called hanuman langurs
After the hindu monkey god.

And this is an
Unusually large family.

Hanuman langur troops
are Typically about 40 strong.

But this one numbers
More than 100.

Their intricate society
Is bound together

In a strict social hierarchy

That governs anything
From who gets to breed

To who gets the best food.

Sitting at the very top of
The pile is the king, kumar.

But the clock is
Ticking for kumar.

Alpha males rarely
Rule a langur family

For longer than three years.

To hold onto his throne
For as long as possible,

The females.

More precisely, the
Young fertile females.

As soon as they're mature
Enough to reproduce,

At about three years old,

They join kumar at the top of
The hierarchy as his queens.

They and their
children Are the best fed

And the most pampered
Members of the family

And they frequently
bully Those of lower rank.

As females grow
older And less fertile,

They slip down
The social ladder.

Near the very bottom is mahathi

And her three-week
Old daughter, padma.

At 19-years-old,
Mahathi is reaching

The end of her
Reproductive life.

-padma is her 15 -th
baby And might be her last.

Although mahathi is a
Very experienced mother,

Being one of the oldest females

Means she's now
last In line for food.

But for her and padma, this
Isn't too much of a hardship

Because they live in

Jodhpur's temple gardens.

Hanuman langurs
are found Throughout

The indian subcontinent

In a wide range of habitats

From mountains to
Rainforests and deserts.

They also thrive
among The urban jungle.

2,000 are thought
To live in jodhpur,

The second largest city
In the state of rajasthan.

Decades earlier, one group
Moved from their wild home

Into the temple gardens of
The ancient maharaja capital.

Since moving into
The temple gardens,

The langurs have developed
A remarkable relationship

With another primate.

Humans.

Hindu devotees
Associate the langurs

With the monkey god hanuman.

The langurs' black
Hands, feet and faces

Call to mind the
Burns that hanuman

Has said to have
Suffered in battle.

The worshipers show
their Devotion by giving gifts.

In recent years, they've
Started to bring the monkeys

All the food they can eat.

It's allowed this troop
To grow and prosper.

In the past, The troop
venturedbeyond the garden walls

To find their own sustenance

But today, there is no need.

Everything is served on a plate.

The monkeys in kumar's troop

Have never had to face
The stress of surviving

Without these free handouts.

But for kumar, despite
This daily bounty,

Life isn't as simple
As it might seem.

His kingdom is
under Constant threat.

A rival group made up of
A dozen bachelor males

Looks down on him
from The surrounding city.

Eyeing up his prime real
Estate and his females.

They are young pariahs,

Ousted by the alphas
Of their own families

Before they reached
Sexual maturity.

Joining together for security,

They now have the
Strength of numbers

To challenge kumar for his
Rich territory in the gardens.

At 15-years-old, kumar
Has ruled over the gardens

For almost a year.

But he may now
be Past his prime.

The bachelors are full Ofenergy
and have nothing to lose.

If they took over, they'd
Kill all of kumar's babies.

Padma included.

It would bring the
Females back into estrus

And increase the
chance of Fathering

Offspring of their own.

So kumar must
always Be on his guard.

At the other end
of The social ladder,

Mahathi has her own struggles.

Being on the bottom rung

Means she's first
in Line for bullying.

Today, one of the young
Queens wants to babysit.

Motherhood doesn't
Seem to come naturally

To young female langurs
and Kidnapping another's baby

Is a common way to practice.

She sets her sights
On baby padma.

And what the queen wants,

The queen takes.

In the rules of langur society,

Babies are shared
Among the females.

There's nothing low ranking
Mahathi can do about it.

But this is a risky game.

Inexperienced females are
Known to accidentally injure

And sometimes even
Kill young babies.

She seems loving enough.

But things get out
Of hand quickly.

Padma is at serious
Risk of being dropped.

At last, she makes
A break for it.

But mahathi isn't there.

Padma is lost.

At three-weeks-old, padma
Is still totally dependent

On her mother for
Milk and security.

She won't last more than
A few hours on her own

In the 110-degree baking sun.

But rescue is at hand.

Mahathi has been keeping
A watchful eye after all.

Padma is lucky to have
Such an experienced

And attentive mother.

Sitting at the bottom
Of the social hierarchy,

They must both tolerate this
Kind of harassment every day.

But mahathi is a tough cookie.

She's old enough
To remember a time

When the troop still
Had to forage for itself.

Back then, mahathi
learned Vital survival skills

From her mother such as
How to find her own food.

Under normal conditions,
Her 19 years of experience

Would place her higher
On the social scale,

But with so much
Easy food on hand,

Mahathi's knowledge
now Counts for very little.

Fertility is valued far more

So she must put
up With the bullying.

But at least she and
Her baby are well-fed.

Beyond the walls of the city,
Many other animals benefit

From the fruits of
Human generosity.

Out there lies the
Great thar desert.

A brief monsoon season
Renders it habitable.

But it has now been six
months Since the last rain fell

And the heat and
drought Are intensifying.

Overhead, a flock
Of migrating cranes

Searches for sustenance.

And they know where to come.

These are demoiselle cranes.

They've spent the summer
On the mongolian steppes

And are now at the end of
An epic 2,000-mile migration

To over winter here
In the thar desert.

The villagers of khichan
Welcome them with open arms.

Every morning from
August to march,

They spread almost
1,500 pounds of grain

Across a protected enclosure.

It's time for breakfast.

Cranes are wary creatures.

They start by circling overhead,

Waiting for one brave
crane To take the first plunge.

Gradually, confidence builds

And the flock descends en masse.

Organized chaos.

More than 6,000 birds
come To feed here every day.

But they all get their fill.

It's a tradition that
The villagers cherish.

They believe it's their grain

That brings the cranes
To winter here each year.

In places like khichan,

Religious compassion
For all living things

Help some lucky animals
Surviveeven the harshest climate.

In the temple gardens, the
Abundance of donated foods

Sets kumar's family apart
from Any other troop of langurs.

Their high energy diet
Has led to a baby boom.

Compared to their counterparts

Living in the forest or desert,

Females here have
Twice as many young

And regularly
give Birth to twins,

Something that's almost
Unheard of elsewhere.

Mahathi had her first baby
When she was three-years-old

And has given birth
Almost every year since.

The troop's easy life
Leaves a lot of time

For the youngsters to play.

Three-week-old
Padma is realizing

There's a whole world
Around her to explore.

But mahathi never
lets Her stray too far.

All mothers can spot
An overtired toddler.

There's not much else
to Do in the midday heat.

The rest of the
Troop follows suit

Without a worry in the world.

But while they sleep,

Others are on the move.

The gang of a dozen bachelors

Has been waiting for days
For the perfect opportunity.

They're closing in,

Attracted by kumar's
Prime territory

And large harem of females.

Crossing the boundary road
That surrounds the gardens,

They enter kumar's realm.

They've come to challenge him.

If the bachelors defeat kumar,

They won't just
Claim his females,

They will also
Kill his offspring.

Kumar hears them coming.

Attack calls.

The troop is caught napping.

The females panic and
Snatch up their infants.

Kumar confront the invaders.

But he's on his own.

And against 12 attackers,
He's completely outnumbered.

He needs to get out of there.

But he doesn't flee alone.

Most of the females follow
Him with their infants in tow

Including mahathi and padma.

If they stay with the
Invading bachelors,

They risk their
Infants being killed,

So they'll abandon the
Precious temple gardens

And venture across
The boundary road

Into the unknown.

This isn't the cozy world
That kumar's troop is used to.

They're now in
Uncharted territory.

Stressed and scared,
Kumar holds his tail low.

He is a shadow
of His former self

And the queens aren't
Faring much better.

Many of the troop's
Younger members

Have never ventured outside
The temple gardens before.

It's an alien environment.

There's nowhere safe to rest.

And worst of all, there's no
Daily handout of free food.

The troop has gotten
used To a life of privilege.

They've never had to find
Sustenance for themselves

Out here in the city.

They seek safety
High on the rooftops.

Mahathi nurses
padma To comfort her.

If she's to stay healthy
And keep her milk flowing,

She can't afford to skip meals.

In the gardens, mahathi
Was last in line for food

But out here, her
Age and experience

Might just play
To her advantage.

When she was younger,
she Lived outside the gardens.

She ran the streets
With her mother

And learned how to survive.

With the rest of
The troop bewildered

And out of their element,
Mahathi takes the lead.

Surprisingly, kumar
And the others follow.

She guides them to the hills
Above the city in the gardens

From where they can look
Down on their idyllic home

Just a few hundred yards away.

The temple gardens
Have new kings.

The bachelors might
Have chased kumar away

But they're all young
And inexperienced.

They haven't yet worked out

How to take control of
The remains of his troop.

All the females with
Infants managed to escape.

So the bachelors must compete
With each other for access

To the small group that remains.

Fights break out.

They crank up
their Macho displays

To prove themselves
To their peers.

They need to establish a leader.

They must also develop
the Social skills they'll need

To keep their human
Benefactors on side.

But they are delinquents,

Reprobates and downright thugs.

They've never learned
Manners, they're just bullies.

Kumar's troop watches
From the hills above.

Mahathi leads them to
The safety of the trees

In which to spend the night.

But the branches
Provide little comfort

For the hungry temple troop

Who don't know where to
find Food on the city streets.

It's surely only a matter
Oftime before they figure it out.

This is jaipur, the
Largest city in rajasthan.

Here, another species of monkey

Has made itself very much
At home on the streets.

Rhesus macaques have chosen

To leave the peace and quiet
Of nature for this mayhem.

And they've established
a Very urban daily routine.

Every morning, they
Commute through the city

Just like the people,

Except their route is a
Little less conventional.

They're constantly
On the lookout

For any opportunity to feed.

A window is an open invitation.

But they have a much more

The market.

Food is everywhere.

And there's only
One way to get it.

It's daylight robbery.

Brains and bravery are key

To outwitting the
humans On their own turf.

And these rhesus macaques

Have become
experts At city living.

They might not have the free
Handouts of jodhpur's langurs

In the temple gardens,

But they're doing almost Aswell
just by helping themselves.

In jodhpur, kumar's
Troop has been forced

To flee the comforts
Of temple gardens.

They've been roaming
The city for three days

Feeding on what few
Scraps they can scavenge.

Their search for food has
Led them to some ruins

At the edge of the city.

They're exhausted and starving.

Even worse, since
They left the gardens,

They've had
very Little to drink.

This could be fatal
For the youngest babies

Whose mothers need
To drink every day

To produce a
constant Supply of milk.

They cling to the
Walls for shade

But they won't survive
long Among the barren ruins.

Kumar and the young
females Are out of their depth.

But old mahathi is no
Stranger to adversity.

Before the food
Handouts became routine,

Mahathi learned how to
Survive from her mother.

Everything from where
To find food and water

To where it's safe to sleep.

Her knowledge of the
World outside the gardens

Now gives her a huge advantage.

So once again,
she Takes the lead.

Out here on the
Fringe of the city,

Trees and shrubs still remain

And there is food to be had

If, like mahathi, you
Know where to look for it.

She spots an opportunity her
Younger peers have missed.

Most langurs know they can
Feed on the shoots and leaves

Of bauhinia trees.

The young queens

With their pampered
Temple garden upbringing

Never learned this
From their mothers.

But hanuman langurs
Are adaptable and smart

And they can learn new
Tricks even as adults;

They just have to copy mahathi.

This is the first proper
Meal they've had in days.

But mahathi hasn't come
Here only for the leaves,

She knows there's a river here.

This water is a lifeline.

Just in time for the
Dehydratedfemales and their babies.

But even in this
Oasis, right now,

At the height of the dry season,

There's not enough food to
Support this troop for long.

To survive, they need to
Get back to the gardens,

And that means,
They need to fight.

Kumar now takes the lead.

Mahathi is next in
Line with padma in tow.

And the rest of the
Females follow behind.

They head back down the hill

And toward the
Garden walls below.

But as they enter
The temple grounds,

They're stopped in their tracks.

A pack of feral dogs.

They roam the city streets
Scavenging on rubbish.

But they've spotted
The baby langurs,

A much more enticing meal.

They'd make quick work
Of a youngster like padma

And could injure or even
Kill an adult like kumar.

The troop needs to cross the
Bridge to reach the gardens.

Kumar bravely
Confronts the dogs.

It's a diversion and the rest
Of the troop crosses safely.

The troop makes it to
The edge of the gardens.

Mahathi and padma are safe.

But others haven't
Fared so well.

While running to avoid the dogs,

One of the youngest
Mothers dropped her baby.

It's alive but
Barely hanging on.

The female langur tries
Herbest to revive her injured baby,

But her grooming
Provides little comfort

As it fights for its life.

The dogs spot the
Opportunity and close in

But langurs' maternal
Instincts are very strong,

Even after death,

She'll keep him with
Her as long as she can.

But there's no time to grieve.

The troop needs to press on.

The bachelors are comfortably
Settled in the temple gardens,

Now enjoying the high life,

Lazying away the afternoon sun.

Or trying to curry favor
By grooming their peers.

They are blissfully unaware

Of the trouble
Barreling towards them.

Kumar's troop tread silently.

They've grown smarter in exile.

Back on home turf, kumar
Has regained his confidence.

Mahathi leaves padma
behind With trusted babysitters

And follows kumar
Toward the bachelors.

Other females also
Take their positions.

They have the
enemy In their sights.

With the bachelors oblivious,

Kumar launches the attack.

This time, he's not alone.

Mahathi and the other females
Are on the frontline with him.

The bachelors are
in Complete disarray.

The troop expels
Them one by one.

As the losers limp away,

Kumar makes his claim as
king Of the gardens once more.

As ever, there is a
Feast awaiting them.

And this time, mahathi
Can help herself first.

Kumar and the troop will face

Many more challenges
for Their monkey paradise.

But thanks to mahathi's
Street smarts and courage,

They have grown in confidence
Since their urban adventure

And are now prepared for
Anything life throws at them.

At only a few weeks old,

Padma has learned an
Invaluablelesson in how to find food

When the going gets tough.

She can take her first
Steps toward independence

Knowing how to survive
Both on the mean streets

And in monkey paradise.