All language subtitles for Women.On.Mars.2024.720p.WEBRip.x264.AAC-[YTS.GG - YTS.BZ]

(speaker)
We have timing
of the landing engines.

Downloaded from
YTS.BZ

Backshell set velocity
is 83 meters per second

at about 2.6 kilometers
from the surface of Mars.

Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.BZ

[pulsing sounds]

We are currently performing
the divert maneuver.

Current velocity is about
75 meters per second

at an altitude
of about a kilometer

off the surface of Mars.

[beeping]

We have completed
our terrain.

Relative navigation.

[beeping fades]

Sky crane maneuver has started.

About 20 m. off the surface.

(speaker 2)
We're getting signals
from MDRS.

Tango delta.

(speaker 1)
Touchdown confirmed!

Hypatia crew safely
on the surface of Mars.

Ready to begin seeking
the signs of past life.

[pulsing continues]

[electronic music]

♪

[wind howls]

[in Catalan]
Hypatia I is an analog

Martian simulation mission

at a station in the Utah desert,

which will host
an all-female crew for 15 days.

as they conduct

multidisciplinary
research projects.

These women have
an intergenerational profile

with the hope of inspiring

new scientific vocations
among girls and women.

[soft music]

An analog simulation
allows us to recreate

daily on the surface of
a planet of the solar system,

in our case,
of a planet like Mars.

Traveling to Mars will be
very difficult, expensive,

and very dangerous
for the crew.

So we can simulate

what a mission to Mars
would be like from Earth

to make sure
we're well prepared.

Mars Society is
the organization

managing this Mars
analog mission.

It has a call process
to receive

international projects
and proposals

from different teams.

As a crew,
we presented our project,

our mission, and our team,

and we were selected
to lead this mission.

It's very exciting,
and it's been a challenge

that we didn't imagine
we would achieve.

[soft music]

My name is Sergeii Iakymov.

I'm assistant director here

at the Mars MDRS station.

I have to stay almost all
the time here at the station

to make sure that simulation
goes smoothly,

and I only go to the nearest
town if I need some supplies

or I have deliveries.

When you put it on the shelf,
you don't have to put

the whole helmet
inside the bag;

just cover the visor.

Careful.

Pull this to provide you
air in the helmet.

When you select projects
and crews and people

who are supposed to come here

and do simulation,

we make sure that
Mars-related,

special related research
or experiment,

and also we make sure that

everything is done properly
for ethical standards

if it's human factor research.

[wind howling]

This is very similar to
what people need to be trained

if they want to go
for a long space expedition.

And my dream
is to be an astronaut.

So it's kind of very big plus

to... on my way to my dream.

And a little bit disadvantage

that sometimes it's too lonely.

And I...

want to see people. [laughs]

[soft music]

The Mars Society was established
in the beginning of 2000

by Dr. Robert Zubrin.

He was a NASA engineer.

And, at that time,

when everything was happening,
Mars wasn't a priority.

There wasn't even a lot
of robotic missions to Mars.

So, he decided
to choose another way

to create Mars Society
and build stations.

here in the desert
and the Canadian arctic

to prepare for Mars exploration
in his own way.

The main idea is to do
Mars simulation and outreach,

and to be operational,

and geological, analog,

where people can come
to the station

as a crew, and simulate
being on Mars

and do geological,
biological experiments,

and also do other types
of research...

maybe testing equipment,

or do human research
factor experiments.

[soft music]

[in Catalan]
I'm packing my suitcases.

Water will be limited to
ten liters per person per day.

for drinking, cooking,
do experiments,

and for cleaning.

So, we'll prioritize
washing dishes and food

but not clothes.

So, I'm packing a lot
of underwear and socks

because on every outing,
we'll wear exploration boots.

And the area is very dirty, too.

Pajamas, of course,
and a sleeping bag.

There's just one mattress
covered in vinyl,

so I'll need sheets
to cover it.

The team cap, of course,

and my lab coat
to do experiments.

I'll be working with urine
and iron salts.

And, lastly, we have
the space suit,

custom designed
by Sabrina Thompson,

founder of the company
Girls in Space.

Sabrina Thompson
is a NASA engineer,

and Girls in Space
is the first company

that designs space suits
specially made for women.

My proposition is:

if we go to Mars,
we'll need lots of energy

to keep us warm
because it's so cold,

and to generate oxygen

because the atmosphere
is unbreathable.

So, what I thought was:
can we make Martian batteries?

Mars is red because
it has a lot of iron oxide.

So, I'll try to make

a battery
with iron compounds.

As there's no water on Mars,

and we won't have
much at the base,

I'll use the crew's urine
for electrolytes.

Every morning
I'll ask my colleagues

to urinate in these jars.

I'll need 1.5 liters
of urine daily

for the batteries to work.

[beeping]

I need 1.2 liters...

[all laughing]

or 1.3 liters every day.

[laughing]

It doesn't get
any better than this.

Girls, drink water, huh?

Two or three bottles a day
from everyone.

One for you...

No, we should
have them ready.

I'll show that we can
use this energy

to power an LED system,

to germinate a small greenhouse

and grow fresh bean sprouts

for a salad.

The idea is to test
a simple chemical process

that will allow us
to go to Mars

where we know there are
iron oxide compounds

and, chemically,
process these rocks

to extract iron ions

which are suitable
compounds for batteries.

This is the iron rod,
this is the battery,

which has a compartment

for the urine
and iron salts.

Then we cover it
and insert the anode.

This is the anode,
or the negative part,

and the positive part is in
contact with the iron salts.

The batteries are
connected in a series.

Once the seeds are in place,
this goes here,

you insert the lighting
system here

to illuminate the bean sprouts
so they grow faster.

After seven to ten days,

we'll have fresh
bean sprouts to eat.

This will be powered
by the batteries,

which closes the project cycle.

Well, that's everything.

[laughs]

[choir vocalizing]

[in Catalan]
Traveling to Mars
will be complicated.

It will be a very long trip,
lasting six to nine months.

[choir continues]
♪ Gloria! ♪

♪ Gloria! ♪

And once on Mars,
there will be many problems

due to the planet's
physical conditions.

[choir vocalizes]

The atmosphere of Mars is
much thinner than Earth's,

and so the sun's radiation
reaches the surface much more.

Astronauts arriving there

would have to
protect themselves more.

[choir continues vocalizing]

It's not a breathable
atmosphere for us.

Any extravehicular activity
outside the Martian base

would involve wearing
special clothing

to protect us
from the environment.

[orchestral music swells]

Departure is scheduled
for 11 a.m.,

so we have an hour
and 15 minutes left

If you guys want,
let's finish picking up.

-Yeah.
-What time do we start?

We have to be down there
at 10:20 a.m.

[indistinct chatter]

The radios show
they're fully charged.

Affirmative.

Everyone who goes outside
must wear gloves.

You can also take a map.
I've left it here.

We can take it with us.

Neus, you can take
any tools you need.

There's a tool belt.

-That's cool.
-There are bags.

If you gather rocks,
maybe you can use them.

Helmets must be
securely fastened.

[in English]
Come check in.

[handle turns]

Three minutes.

[soft music]

[soft music continues]

From here, we talk
to the crew that's outside

so we can ensure
they're okay.

Base to EVA, can you read me?

Base to EVA,
where are you?

Base to EVA,
are you all en route?

There's no visual contact
from the base.

I can't see you from the Hub.

What are you doing right now?

(astronaut)
We're returning to the rover.

Perfect. Are you getting ready
to look for rocks?

We're about to go
check out a mountain

that I'm very interested in.

(base)
Base to EVA,
good exploration!

(astronaut)
EVA to Earth,
thank you very much.

(base)
And in every EVA,
I have to note

how much battery they have,

when they leave,
and when they return,

and how many hours
they've been driving the rover

so that we have a register.

We write it down
when they leave,

and when they come back

we report it
to Mission Control at night.

[wind howling]

Now we close the door.

We'll now perform
a pressurization protocol

for three minutes.

And so you don't get bored,
we'll play some music for you.

[canned music]

Hello, welcome!

[all cheering]

How is Mars today?

This morning, we went out
and collected rock samples

with a reddish hue,

which likely indicates

that they have hematite,
or iron.

So now I'll prepare
an oxalic acid

or citric acid solution,
which are weaker acids,

to soak them for a few days

and see if they
release iron ions.

I need to test
that everything works

with water first.

This foam that forms here

is due to the fact that urine
has other compounds in it.

It might have
amino acids, proteins...

It works better
with urine than salt water.

35 g of common salt,

it doesn't need to be refined.

There's a little bit of foam

A bit blacker,
because it has iron residue.

We have this
dark closet without light.

I'm going to put
the batteries here

with the crop plants
illuminated with LEDs

to create total darkness

and germinate the seeds
with the LEDs alone.

[suspenseful music]

If we want to make
a colony on Mars,

and feed the people
living there,

one source of nutrients,
of animal protein,

would be fish.

But we must first understand

how these environmental factors

affect the development
and breeding of fish.

And not just fish,
but studying them as a model

helps us understand
how we humans react

under these hostile pressures,
and environmental changes,

which we're not adapted to,

and which can
alter our DNA, our genome.

My main scientific project
aims to understand

how environmental factors,
specifically gravity,

affect the development of fish.

I will use the zebrafish,

used as a model
all over the world

for clinical trials
and cancer trials,

to see how this gravity
affects DNA markers.

(Laia)
Before going to Mars,
we did an experiment

to study the effects
of hypergravity

on the development
of these fish.

First, we crossed
males and females

in breeding tanks.

The next day,
we collected the eggs

and placed them in this device
to produce hypergravity.

We place them in one at a time

to control
the embryonic development.

We leave them here
for five days.

Before going on the mission,

at the CSIC laboratory we saw

that some fish
had malformations,

but that the majority were fine

and could overcome
these gravity disturbances.

That's why I wanted
to sequence the DNA

at the Martian analog station.

These samples have been
in the suitcase for 24 hours.

I tried to keep them cold.

So they arrived thawed but cold.

When we arrived
in the United States,

the samples were fine.

Saved!

[upbeat music]

In the fridge, I stored
the sequencing cassettes.

I'm going to sequence
the whole fish genome.

I'm using
a very small, portable,

and very innovative sequencer

that is connected
to the computer.

Science is
a long-distance race,

and things here at MDRS
have been no exception.

I've run into a problem

with one part of the cassette,
of the cassette sequencer,

which isn't working properly,

and I can't
finish studying this part

that I was interested in
at a scientific level.

I managed to identify
some rocks around the base

that contain iron,
and I was able to measure it.

I had expected the battery
to work worse with urine

and here, with the lab stuff,

things never work as well
when you're doing field work.

I had overcalculated
the structure of the batteries

and it turned out
that with only three

and the crew's urine

I can power the LEDs

for over 12 hours.

And, lastly, the experiment
with the LEDs

and soybean seeds
is a great success.

I'm comparing how
a seed grows in the dark,

under LED lighting,
and how it grows in sunlight.

And the difference is fantastic.

LED light stimulates growth

and now I have
bean sprouts about this size,

and I planted them
just seven days ago.

(Laia)
During the mission,

the goal was
to use this sequencer.

The problem was

that it got damaged
during transportation.

So, I couldn't
sequence the samples,

and I'm finishing them here

at the Institute
of Marine Sciences.

I hope to detect
epigenetic changes.

This will give us
some insight into

which areas of the genome

would be affected

if humans settle on Mars.

Studying this model fish,

will help us a lot
both at the biomedical level,

by transferring
the findings to humans,

and the aquaculture level,

to produce food for astronauts.

I hope that in 2024,
we have the results

and can publish them
in a scientific paper.

Women and space?

The first name to comes to mind
is Katherine Johnson,

one of the first
female mathematicians

to break many barriers

and who assisted
on the Apollo missions.

I recently
learned about her story,

and I find it fascinating.

[in Castellano]
If we think
of Katherine Johnson,

one of NASA's "calculators"

in mathematics and physics,

in charge of doing
the calculations

of the first flights

to take American
astronauts to space.

It took a long time
for her to be recognized

and become known.

However, John Glenn,

the first famous
American astronaut,

trusted her very much

and asked for the calculations
of his flights

to be controlled
and supervised by her.

(John Glenn)
Roger, zero g.,
and I feel fine.

The capsule is turning around.

Oh, that view is tremendous!

(speaker)
Roger, turnaround has started.

(John)
Roger, capsule turning around,
and I could see the booster

during turnaround just a couple
hundred yards behind me.

It was beautiful.

Henrietta Leavitt
was part of a group of women

who analyzed
astronomy photographs

for Edward Pickering,

that was derogatorily called
"Pickering's harem."

But they did very tedious jobs,

analyzing photographs
of the universe.

Two years after
she passed away,

a letter arrived to
the director of the institute

nominating her
for the Nobel Award,

which is never
given posthumously,

for her studies
of the Cepheid stars,

with a methodology
that later would be useful

to measure distances.

On board the spacecraft
Vostok 6, 1963

The first woman to go to space

was the cosmonaut
Valentina Tereshkova.

She went to space
on June 16, 1963,

right after the first man,
Yuri Gagarin.

Valentina was selected

from among more than 400 women,

and one of the reasons

for selecting her
as an astronaut

was that she was
an amateur skydiver.

Female astronauts

represent just 13%

of the more than 500 astronauts

who have gone to space.

It's like wondering:

Why didn't Columbus take women

on his ships?

When humans first
started going to space,

most of the astronauts
and cosmonauts

came from the armies.

And the armies had no women,

and now they have few.

For me, the words
“woman and space”

represent two things:
first, inequality,

since until now women
haven't been

fairly represented
in this sector.

Second, hope,
because things are changing.

This is demonstrated
by NASA's Artemis mission,

which wants to take
at least one woman

to the surface of the moon.

[in English]
I'm Christina Koch,
I'm a mission specialist.

The stats say that most
research is conducted by men.

Only 30% are women.

In the field of space
it drops to 20%,

11% in astronauts,

and 7% in spacewalkers,

or those who exit
the spacecraft into space.

Events like today's help spread
the work beyond Hypatia's area

and into many areas of research.

We disclose the role
of women in research,

engineering, and mathematics.

We are very present,

but it's not
talked about enough.

Events like today's serve
to inspire scientific vocations,

to show that science
goes beyond

the laboratory

and to attract new talent.

At my faculty, there many men
and there are very few women.

To give you an idea,

in a class of 60,
there are six women.

One of Hypatia's goals
is to create modern role models

who live in the present day.

[in English]
It's great to have you
here with us

at the ministerial council.

The much awaited
announcement of the 2022

ESA astronaut class.

Sara Garcia Alonso.

[in Castellano]
I've been in love with science
since I was a child,

I can say nothing bad about it.

Following your curiosity,

the ambition
to expand your knowledge,

is wonderful and it's worth it.

You work in multidisciplinary
and multicultural environments

with wonderful people
and it always motivates you.

I encourage you to pursue
this type of profession.

There is a need
for female astronauts,

as many as male astronauts.

If women weren't needed
men wouldn't be either.

If humans aspire to become
an interplanetary species,

then we can't leave
half of the population behind.

I work at NASA's
Goddard Space Flight Center,

on the Flight Dynamics team.

I work on several missions.

We calculate trajectories
and mission design

from the perspective
of flight dynamics.

My project is
an attempt to build

a low-cost GPS.

The idea is to see

what kind of constellation
we need to build,

how many satellites
we should have

depending on what kind
of coverage we need.

My role will essentially
be to use a program called GMAT,

which does realistic
positioning simulations.

The idea is to use CubeSats
for this kind of constellation

because they are small,
low-cost satellites.

We've just returned
from an EVA outing.

-"Extravehicular activity"...
-Exactly.

to look for some
rocks for my project.

Ariadna, Lieutenant Farres,

came with me because

she is much more
experienced than me

in field orientation.

Exactly, that's the idea.

We have to orient ourselves
on the ground.

We don't have GPS on Mars,

we can't even use a compass

because Mars' magnetic field
is much lower than Earth's,

and the compass
would not point north.

We must know how use
a map to get oriented.

A GPS would have been nice.

My project is
to build a Martian GPS.

To build a GPS system
of the entire Martian surface,

we would need
about 24 satellites.

-We would?
-Yes.

That's a lot of satellites,
but if we just explore one area,

and limit our colony
to a certain area of the planet,

24 satellites
may not be necessary;

four or five would be enough.

How much power would we need
to launch the satellites?

A lot,
but much less than on Earth.

In our GPS system,

it takes each satellite
12 hours to orbit the planet,

at an altitude of 25,000 km.

On Mars, gravity is lower,
so for 12-hour coverage,

the satellite
would be much lower,

making it much more affordable
to put it into orbit.

[in Catalan]
Soundcheck. We're at
the Mars analog station.

Yeah, how's that?

Hi, how are you?
I promised you a story

about how we eat on Mars.

This is what we ate
today at the analog station.

We cooked some pasta.

For sauce, we used
dried tomatoes and mushrooms,

and we added oregano for flavor.

We have tried
to hydrate the celery,

but it's still a little dry.

We'll save it for dinner.

The cheese is also dehydrated.

You have to drain it.

It might not
be the best cheese ever,

but it smells great.

Wait until you try it!

Remember, a trip to Mars

takes six to nine months
one way

and six to nine
months to return,

so, 1.5 years of travel,
not counting mission time.

So, the crew of a Mars trip,

would have to bring
a lot of food

for that much time in space.

The pantry is full of cans,

powdered food,
and other types of food

that can be preserved without
refrigeration for a long time.

This is for
when we get desperate.

Peppers, tomatoes...

-This is cool!
-Not bad.

Strawberries,
mango, and blueberries.

It's not easy
to cook like an astronaut.

-A teaspoon of this?
-Yes.

This one is also dehydrated.

[overlapping talk]

It's amazing how terrible
this orange juice is.

Not bad.

Not bad,

but you wouldn't
drink it every day.

-Can I finish it?
-Yes.

[all laughing]

So I cut from
the center, right?

Yeah, here, here.

-Go for it.
-Yeah.

-That's good.
-Okay.

Let's leave some for later.

I cut them with some stem.

-The biggest one.
-This one, look at this one.

Wow! It's huge!

-Go ahead, cut it.
-Right here?

A little bit more.

Perfect.

Nuria Jar,
Catalonia Radio, Mars.

Mealtimes are very nice
for the crew.

Beyond the fresh produce,

from the base's greenhouse,

we also try to make fresh food

from the few resources we have.

For example,

thanks to Ariadna Farres
we've learned how to make bread,

and almost every night
we make two baguettes.

It's a little piece of Earth

that we've managed
to make on Mars.

We never imagined

that the crew's mathematician
would also become the baker.

The dehydrated food
surprised me,

I think it's very good.

Yes, that was one
of the big surprises.

That it's possible to make
tasty dishes with very little.

-From a potato omelet...
-Yeah.

to broccoli and cheese soup.

Just by adding water,
it's magic.

Great!

-And it's all astronaut!
-Incredible!

This looks like...

The food?

We're eating very well.

Whenever we start a meal

we say it out loud,
but it's genuine.

(astronaut)
It's not something fake like:
"Oh, that's good!"

-What does it have, mushrooms?
-Fantastic!

We're very hungry.

It isn't the type of food
so much that's the problem,

but that we're a bit hungry.

Back on Earth
I usually eat a bit more.

The food?

The quality of the food
doesn't bother me.

But rationing the food,
or eating only very little,

so that we don't run out
before the end of the mission,

and always have
the same amount of food...

Some days, you're still hungry.

I guess when I go back
to Earth and eat an apple,

I'll realize how much
I've missed

fruits and vegetables.

If I had to eat
like this for months,

I imagine it would be harder.

Studying space is fundamental

to know if we are
alone in the universe.

We've asked this question
since the origin of humanity.

Based on astrophysics,
it's unlikely

that we're alone
in the universe,

but it's not yet been proven.

I'm have various projects

that use the two telescopes
at the base.

First is this solar telescope,

which I'll use
to observe the sun

in the morning
and early afternoon.

The sun is there right now.

The telescope is positioning
itself to observe it.

The sun is right here,
it's shining on it.

With this filter we can observe
the sun's chromosphere

without harming our eyes.

During the day,
I would be thrilled to find

filaments and granules
on the sun.

They're like bubbles rising up
from the surface of the sun.

And at night
I would love to observe

a series of objects
from the deep sky

that are very beautiful,
like the Veil Nebula.

From Mars the sunrise and sunset

will have different colors
than on Earth

because the atmosphere
is different.

For example, the sunset
won't be reddish, but bluish,

and that will give way
to the night sky.

I would love
to watch it from there.

I'm the crew engineer,

but I'm also conducting
some biology research

focused on a rather
curious being,

the Physarum polycephalum.

It's known as the Blob
because there's a B-movie

about an extraterrestrial being

that is a jelly
that absorbs people,

and grows and absorbs
more and more people.

They gave this name
to the Physarum polycephalum,

because every day
it grows in volume,

it eats a lot
and can grow a lot.

[people in movie scream]

[dramatic music]

Physarum polycephalum
is a very interesting creature

because it's a single cell
capable of learning

and solving complex problems

related to feeding
and adapting to the environment.

A few year ago,

a Japanese scientist
proved this

by placing
food sources at points

simulating a map of Tokyo
train stations

with the Blob in the middle,

which managed
to connect all the stations,

creating a more
optimized network

than the current Tokyo network.

Simple organisms,

like the Physarum polycephalum,

appeared on Earth
500 million years ago

and at that time the Earth

didn't have the atmosphere
that it has today.

It had another
level of radiation,

so this study will
allow us to observe

the development
of these organisms

on a different Earth than today.

I've brought them dissected,
in a state of hibernation

called sclerotia.

When it's rehydrated,

the Blob revives
and starts moving.

I'll keep them in petri dishes,
with a gelatin.

I have set up a system,

a box with several cameras.

The Blob must be in the dark,

so there's also a flash system,

and we'll see how it moves

and explores its environment

in different
lighting conditions.

I've chosen wavelengths

filtered by
the earth's atmosphere

and which were
not five billion years ago.

And see how the
Physarum polycephalum can move

when stimulated
by a different radiation

than what it receives
under natural conditions.

We force the Physarum
to pass through a point

where it's stimulated

with these wavelengths.

And we observe its behavior.

We have always associated
intelligence with the brain,

with a nervous system,

and the Blob shows us
that that isn't so.

It proves that without
a nervous system,

there is memory and learning.

And it takes us back
to the foundation

of memory and intelligence.

It has been observed
that the Blob can learn,

anticipate periodic events.

It's very interesting

to identify the elements
of memory, of intelligence.

[beeping]

It has been interesting

to see that the conditions
inside a station

make it a little
more complicated

to set up the experiment.

There are significant
temperature fluctuations

despite the thermal insulation.

It's more difficult
to control the temperature.

As for the water,

when experimenting
with living organisms,

you need to clean
the material often

first with water,
then with alcohol, etc.

But water is very scarce here,

which is something
to keep in mind.

So I've learned

that doing an experiment
in these conditions is different

than doing it
in lab on Earth,

where you have everything

you need to do it.

Not enough data
can be collected

in two weeks
to draw conclusions.

I was able to observe
indications of adaptation

to this ultraviolet
and infrared radiation.

When the Blob searches for food,

it initially
avoids passing through

the places
with radiation exposure.

After fasting for a while,
this hungry Blob,

decides to and manages
to pass through

the radiation zones to eat.

So, we do observe
signs of adaptation.

Mars is the next
aerospace frontier

that humanity is facing.

Mars is one of the closest
planets to Earth,

so in practical terms,
it's the second easiest place

to travel to after the moon.

From a scientific perspective,
we know Mars, in the past,

was a planet similar to Earth,

or with conditions
more conducive to hosting life.

That's why it's essential
that we go there,

to find out if we're alone
in our solar system

and if there was life
on Mars in the past

as there is on Earth now.

Yes, it is thought
that there was life on Mars,

now it must be
proven and detected.

[beeping]

I'm also doing
an outreach project,

it's the CatMart project.

The idea is to search
for life on Mars

and bring sand
from the station

to classrooms
and analyze it with students,

to find out
if there is life on "Mars."

Now we're on this rover
to collect samples.

I'd like to go up there
for samples.

Hey, what's up,
how are you guys?

Welcome to
the CatMart workshop.

Come on in!

Who wants to help me
analyze samples from Mars?

Nice, so many hands!

I've brought a lot of sand,

and you'll use your hands

to analyze the samples,

because I can't do it
all by myself.

We'll make groups,

and we'll analyze
the Martian sand.

And I'll give you
a map of the Martian desert.

I'll give you a tube

that we'll fill
with water up to this line,

and I'll hand out
aluminum foil samples.

You'll have to look closely

at the sample I give you,
they have very weird names.

I'll also give you an envelope

and we'll mix it with the mixer.

I have three mixers.

Then we'll put the sand in here
and we'll mix it all again.

Okay?

We'll put three drops
of our sample

on these membranes,

and it will tell us how much
bacteria and fungi are present.

Do you know
how we're going to test it?

With a cell phone.

It will tell us
how much bacteria

and how much fungi there is.

What does it mean
if there are 1,400 bacteria?

Is there life on Mars or not?

In the sand, yes, right?
In the sand we've detected it.

I'm not so sure,
but I'd like to be an astronaut.

I want to be an astronaut!

I just know
what the Earth looks like,

but I also want to know
what the other planets are like.

Traveling to Mars right now

is an expensive, difficult
and extremely risky undertaking.

And one of the main challenges
is the human limitations

that we would have to face
living on a planet

with a different gravity
from Earth,

with radiation
harmful to people

and with an unbreathable
atmosphere.

There are many groups
in the world

researching space neurology

and the effects
of space on the brain.

In this respect,
Mars is no different.

It will have repercussions
on the human brain,

for example, in regulating
the sleep-wake cycle.

In neurophysiological constants

related to maintaining
a circadian rhythm.

This gets deregulated in space
and in simulation conditions.

[soft music]

We don't just sleep
because our body,

which needs sleep,
randomly decides to do so,

but because at nightfall

biological processes
are activated

that cause the body
to enter a state of rest.

Going against biology,
will lead to health problems,

which is what happens
to astronauts.

On a 15-day mission,

you may suffer
minor alterations.

But if you go to Mars
for two-year missions,

it would be a big problem.

In reality, the health problems
would be due to sleep problems

and circadian cycle disruptions.

We'll use this watch

to record sleep and wake cycles,
how you sleep,

and the different
stages of sleep.

The app detects

night wakings,

including the REM phase,
which would be this line.

This indicates light sleep
and deep sleep.

We've collaborated
with the Hypatia team

to analyze sleep
and circadian cycle data

and how this might affect them

on an analog mission
to the red planet.

[in Castellano]
Transferring a polysomnography

to a Mars mission
would be complicated

because you need
a powerful computer,

expendable material,
like cables and sensors.

The person wouldn't be able
to put the test on alone.

They would need
an expert's help,

and then the test would
also have to be analyzed

by someone with experience.

We decided to go
with a simpler,

more comfortable,
and portable alternative.

[in Catalan]
My personal experience
as a crew member

has been very intense

because the maintenance tasks
for a station like this

and mission obligations
take a lot of time,

in addition to the research
that we've each done.

This was reflected in our sleep.

We've slept little and poorly,

and it shows in the results
of this study.

[beeping]

The hub,
which is where we live,

or the main base facility,

is a two-story structure

with a diameter of 8 m.

But it hasn't felt
claustrophobic at all.

The only thing is the rooms,

which are a bit small
or cramped.

There's only one thing
that I have a hard time with,

and that's not
having time alone.

It's a huge contrast
because we're isolated

from the rest of the world,
from the rest of the planet,

but very little from each other.

All the spaces are shared
except for the rooms,

but they're not well isolated
and they're very small.

The study results
that we highlight are

that the crew members
slept less,

had less REM sleep time

and they got less rest
when we compared the mission

to the basal time back home.

Just as we trained
before the mission

by doing physical
exercise routines

and learning
communication skills,

to function better
in simulation conditions,

we should also have
sleep training

to get regulated
before arriving to Mars.

We understand that the results
of this study are limited.

Mostly due to the duration,
15 days is not enough time

to draw solid conclusions.

However, it's a pilot test
to design further studies.

This study is inspired
by the MARS 500 study

which was also
a Mars analog mission,

but with an all-male crew
for 500 days.

We know that sleep patterns
can vary in men and women,

but we don't have prior
studies on all-female crews

and how their sleep
is affected in space.

One of the problems
in medical research

and even more so
in the space sector,

is there's almost
no data on women.

This is an initial
prototype experiment

that would help us
obtain more data

about how the female body
works in space

and fill a knowledge gap

that exists in the space sector
and in the medical sector.

[upbeat music]

One of the things
that people asked me

the most before coming

wasn't how will you deal
with limited water

or how will you cook
with dehydrated foods?

The question that
I was asked the most was:

Are you sure you want to be
with seven women

in a small space?

Have you prepared
for cohabitating?

Have you done anything
on a psychological level?

And I always said no.

In general, the atmosphere
is very good.

We all get along very well.

We are very different,
but we all get along very well.

We're excited about the project.

We're excited to
do this mission well.

[friendly chatter]

Being just women has influenced

and made this experience

very pleasant
from a human point of view.

Dialogue has flowed
from day one.

None of us feel
we have to prove anything

to the team.

So far,

there has been no tension

or discord.

We're doing well, and I think
we'll finish the mission well.

[upbeat music]

Despite being isolated,
we didn't feel lonely,

but I think that
on a longer mission,

moments of peace,

quiet, and solitude

would be necessary.

Not having a private space

to read or relax…

It's very hard
to find that here,

and that's pretty hard for me.

[wind howling]

Maybe when we finish we'll say:
“We're done, that's enough.”

But I don't think so.

Being here is inspiring.
I like it very much.

Nuria, you go first.

Personally, I like
to exercise outdoors.

Here on Mars
there are mountains

and very big ones,
but they're not accessible.

Whenever we go out
we wear the suits,

and we leave

for planned
and justified activities.

We can't go for a walk or a run

just because we feel like it.

That's how it would be
on a mission to Mars

because the radiation
on the surface of Mars

would be harmful to our health.

We would also
have to be confined

to places safe

for humans.

If I could come back,
I would go to Mars.

If I couldn't,
then I wouldn't go.

There are too many people
I love on Earth.

I probably wouldn't go

because it takes
six months to go,

two there,
and six months to get back.

I don't know
if I would sacrifice

so many months of my life
on a mission like this.

If I couldn't come back,
I wouldn't go.

If it's a round trip, yes.

If it's a one-way trip,
it wouldn't be for me.

I wouldn't go to Mars
without being able to come back.

No.

If I could go to Mars
and come back, I would go.

No.

-Even if you could come back?
-No, I wouldn't go to Mars.

-Of course, I can't say no.
-They all said no.

-They did?
-All of them.

If I could only go to Mars,
I don't think I would go.

I'm fine on Earth.

Going to Mars now
is complicated,

and coming back even more so.

So, I really like Earth.

Yes, I would go to Mars.

Yes, I want to go to Mars.

Not to Mars or the moon
or even to orbit,

I wouldn't even
get on a paraglider.

Without being able to come back
it would be a suicide mission.

I think I'd rather stay at home.

If there would be a project
or an expedition

to make a colony on Mars,

which means people have to
go one way and never come back,

I'm pretty sure I'd want
to participate in that project,

and go to Mars and live there.

For the time being,
I see it as a one-way trip.

It's a hostile trip,

and at my age...

I don't think so.

I have a family.

But I do want to help us
be able to get there and back.

But that's still a long way off.

My educated guess

about the nearest
possible human flight to Mars,

I would say it's
about 20 years from now.

Mars is our next destination,

if we want to become
an interplanetary species.

I think maybe one time
we even can become

not just
an interplanetary species;

we may become an interstellar
and intergalactic species.

The desire to go to Mars
is all good,

but we must not forget

that we must take care
of our planet.

And space helps us do that,
and so does space technology.

[choir singing]

It really is an experience...

that I'll always remember.

Very nice,
a fantastic experience.

It will surely be one

of the most important
of our lives.

Our contribution
to this documentary

is to record everything
that happens

throughout the day and save it,

and that's a lot of gigabytes.

Let's see if we did it right.

-We did the best we could.
-Exactly.

We worked hard,
but we had a great time.

[both laughing]

-Should we end it here?
-Let's end here.