All language subtitles for Free Nelson Mandela S01E02 1080p ALL4 WEB-DL AAC2 0 H 264-RAWR

The one unifying symbol about which
there is no doubt at all in all our

that of Mandela. The people still regard
him as

a symbolic leader after all these years.

He hasn't been forgotten.

The stone throwing and tear gas, the
symptoms of the same, and so the weak

problems in Soweto and South Africa.

For the past 19 years, Nelson Mandela
has been a prisoner here on Robin

The first time I went to Robin Island in
1981, you were sort of thrown into the

deep end.

My grandfather came to the window and we
kissed either side of the kennel.

He was handsome.

I was seeing him for the first time and
I really was in awe of this man. I mean,

he was...

Very neatly dressed with a pen in his
lapel.

This man that commanded respect.

He was an imposing figure.

How many leaders have that?

Magnificent. The Africans, they want
political independence.

Only Mandela.

We are fighting for a South African. We
can only be led by him.

All over the world.

Couldn't rest. We had to get him out.

They've got no education.

They've only just come down from the
trees.

The alternative is murder.

The alternative is murder.

I will have nothing to do.

with any organization that practices
violence.

You know that this can never, has never,
and will never be right.

It was a global struggle against

blatant racism and oppression.

Social movements can change the world.
And music can have that political power.

You must be him and in freeing him you
free the people of South Africa

One

of

the things but as difficult for me to
comprehend is that we spent a long time

here Of course there were painful
moments because

The aborted regime was an expert in
prosecuting people psychologically.

In prison, we didn't torture them
physically.

We tortured them psychologically.

Tried to break the spirit with their
family ties.

Tried to break their relationships.

And the authorities used, we need to
punish Mandela.

When he was the love of Mandela's life,
a classic love story, except that he was

hardly ever there.

They did terrible things to her.

She had the 491 days in solitary
confinement, which I don't think many

beings could have survived.

I thought about her very often.

I loved her.

It happened ever so suddenly.

They broke the door down. They took my
mother off to a police station.

When my mother was told then that she'd
be moved to Brantford and was just taken

there, it was quite shocking, you know.

Winnie Mandela was banished to this
township, the white town of Brantford, a

deeply conservative place where the
Africana farmers make sure the blacks

their place.

They can't reason, black grown -ups.

They're really children.

Winnie Mandela may not leave without
government permission.

She may not be quoted in South Africa,
nor may she meet more than one person at

any time.

The South African government wanted to
isolate her from influencing the Soweto

community and influencing the resistance
in South Africa at the time.

It is painful.

It is the reality of our struggle for
freedom.

When I met Winnie for the first time, I
was the lamb, really.

I was an artist, painting, playing
music.

When she walked in, she was so regal, so
beautiful, so sexy, man.

When she bent down to greet me, I don't
know what came over me.

I mean, I was just a boy.

I kissed her so passionately and refused
to let go for quite a while.

She was flustered and shocked.

Good God!

What was that? What were you doing?

That's how I met Winnie, if you'd like
to know.

I was entrusted with the responsibility
of caring for her

and became part of the Mandela
household.

I engaged myself heavily in numerous
projects for the community.

In a way, it became a livable prison.

Mandela knew of my life with Winnie, and
his resolution and attitude was to say,

let it continue until I come back.

At that time, we were not allowed to
receive newspapers in prison, but I

find a breath cutting on the table.

One of the things I always kept in mind
was that she was about 24 when I married

her, and naturally...

She was unable to resist such
temptations.

You know, Mandela's reaction was, I have
got life imprisonment, why she must

wait for me?

But she stole my wife, she stole
supporting me. She stole my comrade.

It needs quite a man to retain your
spirit behind bars.

Throughout the years, visits to him have
been a tremendous source of

inspiration.

We, together, are living in a privileged
position in South Africa.

Peter Witter was a brilliant
administrator.

I'm not ganging up against black South
Africans.

I'm ganging up against radicals and
saboteurs of South Africa.

At one time, the diplomacy fell a bit
short.

I wouldn't have instituted these steps
if I didn't believe that we were going

succeed.

If necessary, we can even take stronger
steps.

P .W. Buerta was the kind of guy who, if
you tried to push him into a corner,

he'd kick down the door and all the
furniture. He didn't know about other

methods of consulting and negotiating.

He was very impulsive.

Do you foresee any circumstances under
which you would talk with and release

Nelson Mandela? I'm only prepared to
talk to people who want constitutional

change, but I'm not prepared to talk to
people who want revolutionary change. It

was clear to both people in South Africa
and globally that they were not going

to release Mandela.

And that leads the ANC to...

a justice strategy to overthrow the
government in a more radical form.

The South African security forces
believe there are at least 4 ,000

under training in camps in Mozambique,
Angola and other frontline states.

The guerrilla song is about 1976, about
June 16th.

As a result of the Soweto uprising in
1976, a lot of the students chose to...

flee the country and go into exile to
join the liberation movement abroad.

We were hurting as young people.

What we had seen was basically an
unevenly matched battlefield.

And the only way of healing it would be
to get a gun, go back and shoot.

I met Oliver Tambo in Angola.

He just visited us in a camp.

I remember his first words were, the man
behind the gun

has to be special.

It was not about revenge.

It was not about what I felt as an
individual.

We had

A bigger destiny.

What can the outside world do?

Sanctions. Sanctions are a weapon that
the international community can and must

use against the racist regime.

The movement saw sanctions as a peaceful
way to resolve the South African

situation.

I remember one time I got into a fight
with a kid. He called me a gollywob.

one called me blackie. This one called
me nigger.

My mother would always, and my father,
when I tell them these stories, would

always say, why do you bother with that?

Apartheid is systemic.

If we defeat apartheid there, we'll
defeat this racist here.

When I was about 15, I suppose, we
fancied

ourselves as sort of international
socialists, and I was aware of the anti

-apartheid.

and Peter Haynes' boycott of the
Springboks. We will not win this

polite negotiation.

So we thought, we'd go on this
demonstration.

The first demo I ever went on, it was
very clear.

You know, the kind of everyday racism
that I grew up with, you know, became

socially unacceptable.

Yeah, well, if you're not part of the
solution, you're part of the problem,

know, so...

My parents were amongst two of the
people who, along with Nelson Mandela,

tried for treason.

And I think it became impossible for
them to stay in the country.

I was actually very relieved to have
left South Africa.

That's the issue we're going to discuss
first of all. Ruth First, one of three

authors of recent books... Even in
exile, my mother was a very effective

against apartheid.

But then one has to ask, what is the
meaning of the British connection?

She's essentially engaged on the wrong
side.

She's engaged in propping up this
regime.

I do not think comprehensive economic
sanctions which would stop all trade to

and from South Africa would help to
bring about change.

Of the post -war British prime
ministers, only Margaret Thatcher made

public effort to impede efforts to...

and apartheid. Why do you want to stop
many, many black South Africans from

earning their living decently and
looking after their families?

She was generally unwilling to listen,
which she regarded to be a great

strength, and I thought to be
incompatible with democratic leadership.

Mrs. Thatcher was tonight given the
strongest possible backing for her stand

South Africa from her most powerful
ally, President Reagan.

Prime Minister Great Britain has
denounced punitive sanctions as immoral

utterly repugnant.

Well, let me tell you why we believe
Mrs. Thatcher is right.

The United States had a lot of economic
interest in South Africa. They supported

white minority rule.

They understood it and they supported
it. But fundamentally, at least in the

African -American community.

Reagan was recognized as a racist.

And so it made absolutely common sense
why he

was so opposed to sanctioning South
Africa.

We do not believe the way to help the
people of South Africa is to cripple the

economy. Time after time, the police
charge, first one way, then another.

Quite a lot has been done in the right
direction. Margaret Thatcher was Reagan

in a dress.

Well, racist friend was because I did
have a racist friend.

He was a great guy and a good friend.

I just could not understand why he
persisted with the racism.

And I had to sort of cut him off, I
suppose is the right word.

You can only take so much, just not be
accessible.

It's a sad song in a way.

Not anything to celebrate.

They were all friends in the days of
slavery.

These are issues which confront black
peoples all over the world with a new

challenge.

Those two heads of state were the best
that Bivier could expect while

he was still riding the apartheid horse.

Since 1976, the guerrilla campaign has
escalated.

The first of the exiles were returning
to South Africa, now fully trained

guerrillas.

The ANC carried out its most spectacular
sabotage attack, blowing up the big

Sassol oil refinery, South Africa's much
-prized coal -to -oil complex.

Black South Africa thought this was
going to be the beginning of the

that the fact that the ANC could do
that. And there were a whole lot of

that the special ops unit that my father
led did in South Africa that threatened

the apartheid regime and the feeling
amongst white South Africans that they

safe.

commander, so I was leading a unit.

We had different missions.

Taking out a police station, taking out
a barrack, taking out a railway.

Our aim is to remove the obstacles that
are going to make us not to achieve

the people's freedom.

It mustn't be.

South Africa, yeah.

Bob Malik, you are speaking about me.

Yeah.

They must

realize that what they can do to us, we
can do to them only.

much more efficiently and effectively.

Unfortunately, the enemy infiltrated the
liberation army.

They caught me.

Some of us went through the worst
torture you could actually go through.

Some of them prayed. Some of us don't
pray.

People like James Mangy, after being
arrested, convicted, tortured, found

themselves landing up on Robben Island.

Well, I'm going to Robben Island.

Okay.

Fresh breeze from the ocean was nice.

But it was hard.

Unkind.

Cruel.

Little did I know I was going to be
taken to the section where Nelson

is.

From my window, I could see into Nelson
Mandela's self.

He wanted to know how I was feeling.

A lot of people, you know.

I have this misperception that all of us
come traumatized and you're

dysfunctional, you're this. So I just
wanted to ascertain if I'm okay, what

do I need, and so on.

And I just said to him, no, I'm fine.

He said, no, but you can't be fine
coming from a place like that. I said,

can't I be fine?

I'm okay.

The impact of the arrival of the Soweto
76th generation on Robben Island was

electric. Mandela was totally shaken by
the degree of militancy of the students,

wanting a much more aggressive approach
to getting rid of apartheid.

My generation wanted more now.

Total takeover.

We're just going to take over the
country. That's it.

Mandela was open to listening to the
anger and absorbing the anger before he

tried to direct it in a way that would
strengthen the overall movement rather

than be a separate group of militants.

He had called me and we sit in his cell
there. We talked for hours.

The caliber of the men who were on the
island, it was fantastic.

Man with whom you could sit down at the
end of a conversation. You feel that you

have been enriched.

Your roots in your own country have been
different.

We made Robben Island into a very
special place.

We didn't allow ourselves to think into

what prison does.

He had a greatness about him.

Now we had this special bond.

Now we had this special relationship.

Mandela began seducing some of the
warders and convinced them that what he

doing was actually right.

What they were doing was preventing him
from succeeding with the rest of his

project.

Mandela was a person you can trust.

He was a person who will help you.

I was in a motorcycle accident and I
could have not paid for the lawyers.

So I go to Mandela with my letters.

And he said to me, this is small fry,
Mr. Brandt, let him draft the letter.

We win the case and the case was
settled.

So Mandela was also my lawyer.

There is a philosophy in Southern Africa
called Ubuntu, which means I am

because you are.

It's the relationship.

that actually gives us our existence.

He was the actual embodiment of Ubuntu.

This was very problematic for the
Apartheid government, yeah.

In 1982, the government decided to move
some of the Rivonia defendants to the

mainland prison called Polesmoor outside
Cape Town.

They were trying to divide the movement.

I was already on Polesmoor.

We come and set these prisoners. The
first prisoner to get out was Walter

Susulu, Andrew Mlangeni, Raymond
Muslaba, and Nelson Mandela.

I asked the officer, why you transfer
these four prisoners away from Robben

Island? Are you preparing them for
release?

They said, we can't release these guys.
They're too dangerous.

We transfer them because they become too
powerful on Robben Island.

Mandela tried to change Robben Island in
the mindset of the prisoners.

The move was seen as a response to try
and suppress this whole rising of the

leadership position of Mandela, the
government. They were overpowering the

resistance of apartheid, both
domestically and internationally.

In 1982, the London offices of the ANC
were bombed. Many saw it as a warning.

The bomb contained enough explosives to
kill or cause serious injury.

The investigation is being carried out
by Scotland Yard's anti -terrorist

I remember going there afterwards. The
police had cordoned off a whole section

of it.

Do you fear for your own life?

No.

No, not at all.

The offices in which we're sitting have
been bombed. Does your wife worry about

you? Well, I'm sure she does. She does.

Every wife would.

I was always conscious.

of the fact that i might lose my father
at some point and he would tell me that

you know i myself expect that i'll be
killed by the regime or invasion

that was just part of the course of
struggle the

apartheid government was spreading their
tentacles trying to target the

opposition and i think part of what they
were trying to do was to demoralize the

opposition.

Ever since the ANC was formed in 1912,
we have had

waves after waves of violence from the
government.

And many people have been killed.

They put the bomb that killed my mother
where she was working in Mozambique.

the horror of what had been done to us,
and faced us with how pathetic these

people had been who had taken not just
our mother away from us, but our mother

away from South Africa.

They stopped her from ever seeing the
country that she had fought so hard for.

They were trying to stop the opposition,
but people were not going to be quiet

again, were not going to tolerate what
was going on.

South Africa was becoming so obviously

wrong.

The media was able to show what was
going on and help to raise the

of the United States.

Real change, it was taking too long.

And so three Black leaders, including
Mary Francis Berry, went into the South

African embassy to request a discussion
with the ambassador.

We said, we want you to call Pretoria
and tell them to free all the political

prisoners, free Nelson Mandela, and then
we want you to move to an apartheid.

And he laughed at us. And then Randall
said, well, if you don't, we're not

leaving the embassy.

By the time we came out and got in the
paddy wagon, there was press all over

place.

What we got for the administration is a
sort of weak, tepid, vapid response, as

if they sympathize with those who
oppress the blacks in South Africa.

Told the press that we would have
protests every day at 5 o 'clock outside

embassy. No business with South Africa!

No business!

No business with South Africa!

Representatives from every segment of
society came out to protest.

We had singers, movie stars.

Rosa Parks came.

Politicians. Okay, where are we off to?
You name it. Everybody was begging to

get arrested.

Singer's TV wonder was among 48 people
taken into custody yesterday.

Terming apartheid a barbaric policy,
Wonder told reporters that his arrest is

expression of love to the people of
South Africa.

What kind of system is it that can only
survive by the violent power of those in

charge?

You know that this can never...

Thank you all very much for being here.
We know that this is for Nelson Mandela.

Nelson Mandela's 65th birthday at
Alexander Palace, and I was like, who's

Mandela? I'd never heard of him.

Julian

Behula had

a song about Mandela, and I learned a
bit more about him.

I was working on a song, but I didn't
have any words for it.

I just wanted to come up with a very
simple phrase that just said it straight

away.

It just popped into my head, yeah, I
don't know.

Three notes,

you know, that anybody could sing,
really.

Catchy.

Top of the Pops, you know, had an
audience of 20 million people at that

Everybody tuned in. It just took the
message out to a huge audience.

Yeah, it's amazing. It just took off
around the world. You know, it was

one in New Zealand.

Jerry Dammers comes with this song that
swept the world.

Became the anthem of our southern.

I know this song.

Nelson Mandela.

Willie and I played it on and on all the
time.

For us, it was not just a song, but a
wish.

The song bears free Nelson Mandela and
is officially banned here.

The rally was called to say the same
thing and was surprisingly given

permission. Mandela cannot be quoted.
His picture may not be published.

But everybody knew who the masked man on
all the posters was.

His name was never forgotten, no.

Since the student uprising, there was a
spirit

of resistance in the country, defiance.

People were arrested, but they couldn't
arrest all of us.

The ANC's calls for political
organization inside the country...

have been answered by a new umbrella
organization, the United Democratic

The time has come that the rest of the
black masses of our country, all 25

million of us, to join in one determined
offensive to make

all of our country ungovernable.

The government regards the UDF as
nothing more than a mouthpiece to the

ANC. But the UDF has grown into an
organization whose voice is now heard in

every black township throughout South
Africa.

Mass mobilization was critical.

UDF became the major movement in the
country.

Destroy white South Africa, and this
country will drift into faction strife,

chaos, and poverty.

If they carry on like this, the army
will just be called in and there will be

one big wipeout.

You knew that we were going to win, but
we were not sure we would be alive.

The system wasn't going to stop us now.

From the position of the South African
authorities, when you're facing an enemy

that's prepared to risk their lives to
change the system.

You've got to do something else. You've
got to change your strategy.

I am prepared to release Mr. Mandela if
he

would say that he rejects violence as a
means to reach

and to achieve political ends.

You know, they popped me with a
microphone and I must go to Mandela to

remarks, you know.

When I walked in, I said, oh, good
morning, Mandela. How's your studies?

show him the microphone like this with
the hand.

Then I realized something is wrong now.
I said, Mandela, why didn't you take the

offer of PW Bota?

You're a stupid man to sit in this
prison. Remember, you are an old man.

If you take the offer of the government,
you can be released and enjoy your life

with your grandchildren as a retired
person.

Look at me, said Mr. Brandt. I'd rather
die in prison than to be free. My

comrades are not free.

It's a bit heartless to keep saying the
ANC must abandon its violence.

Because that is saying that the regime
is not violent. Even at a time when

we are seeing the regime shooting down
children.

A crowd of some 7 ,000 packed into one
of Soweto's sports stadiums, anxious to

hear Nelson Mandela's response to
President Bosa's offer to free him,

he renounced his violence.

Mandela, for all these years in prison,
had never himself spoken out publicly to

the people.

So when Zinzi took the podium and
delivered that message, it was

electrifying, you know.

My father said, I cannot and will not
give any undertaking at a time

when I and you, the people, are not
free.

Your freedom and mine cannot be
separated.

We knew who Nelson Mandela was, so it
wasn't unexpected that he would reaffirm

his commitment to the struggle.

The government hoped it would end. They
wanted the people off the street. They

wanted the children back in school.

They wanted an end to the day -by -day
violence that left the country's black

pound shift virtually ungovernable.

This state of affairs can no longer be
tolerated.

The state of emergency was to quell, to
suppress any protest.

When you declare state of emergency, you
unleash every power of the state to

deal with the people.

You can't talk to people with stones in
their hands.

It was extremely difficult.

Many people died, thousands detained.

Tortured.

Disappeared. I was being detained almost
every six months.

It was a moment to stop us, and they
failed.

Winnie Mandela caught the first sight of
her firebombed house from the air.

On the ground, it looked far worse, and
she had no doubt as to who was

responsible. It is a satirical document.

Through the police.

for the security branch.

Winnie, who was reaching the end of her
tether.

Are you going to keep right on
struggling?

The struggle goes on. There has never
been any doubt about that.

Her dark side was the manifestation of
the dark side of

apartheid that was forced on her. She
didn't fully realize how much it had

affected her.

I used to say she had a Dr. Jekyll and
Hyde split personality about her.

Once in a while, it would get to her.

And she'd be a Mr. Hyde.

You are under arrest.

Don't attack me. I'm coming.

Don't attack me.

Don't attack me.

I had a young black South African

journalist working for me.

And he had a very close relationship
with Winnie. He always knew there was

to be some sort of incident because she
was becoming very radical in her

resistance.

I do remember the image of her with her
very strong and uncompromising defence

of Mandela and of the ANC.

She felt that anything that could put
pressure on the apartheid white regime,

To relieve Mandela to free her people
was her responsibility, and she did that

with a passion.

We are here today to tell you that that
day is not far when we shall lead

you to freedom. That lady made

a massive contribution towards the
struggle.

There was one time when she became
almost the pillar of the organisation

the country.

Mrs Thatcher's stand against sanctions
is expected to leave her virtually

isolated at the Commonwealth Conference
in the Bahamas.

In the Commonwealth, South Africa's only
friend and defender was Margaret

Thatcher. I do not think that violence
or comprehensive sanctions will bring

dismantlement of apartheid any nearer.
When I questioned her about it, she said

she felt sorry for the other 49, because
they were in the wrong.

Here at home, a Gallup poll published
today seems to show that the Prime

Minister's statements on South Africa
indicate that she may be out of step

public opinion.

The Tory party were very much in cahoots
with the South African government.

It was disgraceful. Some of us didn't
want to be associated with that and

to be on the right side of history, if
you like.

So we started organising Artists Against
Apartheid. I'd like to welcome you to

the launch of Artists Against Apartheid.

I really saw us as the cultural wing of
the anti -apartheid movement.

We are here, calling on musicians,
calling on comedians, to do whatever

best against apartheid and to use
culture as their weapon against

It was the beginning of what turned out
to be quite a momentous movement.

There's nothing at all vague about our
next guest's attitudes. In their time,

Jerry Dammers and Paul Weller have been
two of rock's angriest young men, and I

feel so strongly about South Africa's
regime that they're going to be

campaigning against it on Saturday.

They're both involved in the free
concert on Clapham Common, which will

Saturday's major anti -apartheid march.

You know, all these artists just want to
show that they support the anti

-apartheid movement.

One, two, and you know what to do!

But, you know, we don't want people just
to go to the concert. We want as many

people to go on the march first.

It was a march.

which then concluded with this mass of
comfort in Clapham Common.

Marching the streets with committed
people.

It was serious solidarity.

It turned out to be the biggest anti
-apartheid demonstration anywhere in the

world up to that point. It was such a
huge crowd.

I personally put that build together and
invited the artists.

It was Paul Weller, Sting, Billy Bragg,
Gary Kemp, Big Audio Dynamite,

Sade, Peter Gabriel, Hugh Masekela.

I was very adamant that there should be
plenty of black artists involved.

You know, the real clincher was Gil
Scott Heron singing Johannesburg, which

probably the first well -known protest
song about South Africa.

The great thing was it was a really
mixed crowd, black and white.

This is integrated London, you know.

The problem that we have gathered here
about, the problem of racism, is a

problem not only to be found in South
Africa, but to be found also in South

America.

It's the sort of thing that continues to
grow as people's consciousness

continues to grow, as government
pressure continues to grow.

It's a part of making sure that people
know who stands where.

It's the part of identifying yourself
with being on the right side for a

If you have a feeling inside and you
care about people and you automatically

those things that apply to that, and I
think being here is just an expression

what I've always felt.

You know, to stand on the same stage as
Gil Scott Heron.

who showed us that music could be
revolutionary.

You know, not just making you feel, but
making you think and change the way you

see the world.

To be part of that incredible event, it
was a big thing for a small young girl

to do.

This is going to be a big thing for the
good people of South Africa.

We just want to share what it says.

Watch how we look together.

Why can't we live together?

Tell me why, tell me why.

Nelson Mandela was more than just a man.
He was a superb, incredible human being

who devoted his entire life.

He gave us everything, his hours, his
minutes, his days, to make people

understand that we're all human and that
we all belong and we all deserve

respect. He could not have gone further,
could not have given more.

So what each of us did on that stage
that day was a little nothing.

Good evening. Headlines at 6 o 'clock.
The South African government has further

tightened its grip on the opponents of
apartheid. The state of emergency has

been extended to a third year.

President Gord has said it's because
ordinary laws cannot maintain public

There's been condemnation of South
Africa from all over the world, but Mrs.

Thatcher tonight refused to lend her
support to tough sanctions.

The country has become increasingly
volatile.

And Winnie, hankered after returning
home to Soweto to her people, so she

refused to return to Brantford and dare
the police to arrest her.

For the second time in just over a week,
South African black activist Winnie

Mandela is free on bail.

I am going to my house where I was first
able to move from.

Do you think you'll be re -arrested,
Mrs. Mandela, by returning to your home

Soweto? It makes no difference to me.

We're hoping very much that with things
like this, that this will encourage the

British public in general to opt for the
peaceful solution of South Africa,

which is thanks.

When we sang Free Nelson Mandela in
front of that crowd, it was just an

incredible moment.

Seeing so many people come together
around that song, it was probably

my proudest moment in my life, you know.

It was an apex moment for us, feeling
that this is a struggle we're going to

win.

Nelson Mandela has been in the Folks
Hospital for two weeks. There

is going to be a rock concert in
London's Wembley

Stadium that's billed as bigger than
Live Aid. When Jerry came up, I said, so

who have you got?

And he said, nobody.

If we have you, we can book the stadium
tomorrow.

We have no arm.

We have stone.

It's the right time to take your
country.