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[Narrator] We're going on an amazing adventure,
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[Narrator] We're going on an amazing adventure,
riding the rails through the Canadian Rockies...
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riding the rails through the Canadian Rockies...
...revealing breathtaking landscapes.
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...revealing breathtaking landscapes.
This is our office,
and if I ever grow tired of the scenery,
I have bigger problems
than being tired of the scenery.
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than being tired of the scenery.
[Narrator] We'll enter a wilderness
inhabited by magnificent beasts
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inhabited by magnificent beasts
and discover
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and discover
one of the world's most treacherous waterways...
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Hell's Gate is just around the corner,
water gets pretty turbulent.
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[Narrator] ...in landscapes formed
millions of years ago...
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millions of years ago...
...giving up secrets of our past.
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[Claudia Harding] Some of the weird wonders
apparently inspired
some of the weird wonders from Star Wars.
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some of the weird wonders from Star Wars.
[Narrator] We'll meet the people
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[Narrator] We'll meet the people
who live and work along this special railway.
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Sometimes, bears are startled by trains
and they run straight down the tracks.
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and they run straight down the tracks.
[Narrator] With hidden treasure for the taking...
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[Narrator] With hidden treasure for the taking...
Whoa! There we go!
There's a big piece.
[Narrator] This is no ordinary railway journey,
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[Narrator] This is no ordinary railway journey,
this is one of the most scenic railway journeys in the world--
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this is one of the most scenic railway journeys in the world--
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this is one of the most scenic railway journeys in the world--
Canada.
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[♪♪]
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[♪♪]
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Vancouver.
British Columbia.
A natural sea port,
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A natural sea port,
historically,
it was a vital trade link to the East
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it was a vital trade link to the East
and became a starting point
for the Canadian Pacific Transcontinental Railway
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for the Canadian Pacific Transcontinental Railway
in 1887.
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Now it's the beginning of our great escape
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Now it's the beginning of our great escape
on the Rocky Mountaineer.
This enormous 80-tonne train
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This enormous 80-tonne train
is powered by two 3000 horse power GP40-2 engines.
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is powered by two 3000 horse power GP40-2 engines.
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Carrying up to 590 guests,
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it's the only passenger train running right across the Rockies
on the Canadian Pacific Line.
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on the Canadian Pacific Line.
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We begin in Vancouver Station.
Manned with top-notch staff,
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Manned with top-notch staff,
eager to create an unforgettable trip.
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eager to create an unforgettable trip.
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And as an extra treat,
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And as an extra treat,
the men in kilts have come out to pipe them off.
[bagpipes playing]
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[bagpipes playing]
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[♪♪]
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[♪♪]
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[train bell clanging]
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[♪♪]
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[♪♪]
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The 600-mile-long journey
on this specially-designed viewing train,
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on this specially-designed viewing train,
follows in the footsteps of the 19th-century pioneers,
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follows in the footsteps of the 19th-century pioneers,
who battled through
the unchartered Canadian Rockies.
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the unchartered Canadian Rockies.
On board, seasoned hosts Pete and Jocelyn
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On board, seasoned hosts Pete and Jocelyn
are ready to fulfil the passengers' every need.
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are ready to fulfil the passengers' every need.
Pete was working as a cocktail waiter
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Pete was working as a cocktail waiter
in his hometown of Birmingham
before making the jump into the Canadian wilderness.
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before making the jump into the Canadian wilderness.
Some people are very into the flora,
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Some people are very into the flora,
some people are all about the history.
I've found out that I'm a bit of a geology geek
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I've found out that I'm a bit of a geology geek
and that I'm a bit of a salmon geek!
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and that I'm a bit of a salmon geek!
We are ready for lunch-- busiest time of the day!
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So, ladies and gentlemen,
welcome aboard the Rocky Mountaineer.
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welcome aboard the Rocky Mountaineer.
Hello! How are you?
[passengers chime in]
Good, good, excellent.
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Good, good, excellent.
My name is Jocelyn.
My wonderful partner here,
making you some drinks right now,
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making you some drinks right now,
this is Pete.
So, we will be with you
for the journey into the Canadian Rockies.
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for the journey into the Canadian Rockies.
So, we're going to be passing out
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So, we're going to be passing out
the wonderful Rocky Mountaineer tradition
that is the sunrise toast of peach bubbly.
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that is the sunrise toast of peach bubbly.
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[laughs]
Why not?
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Why not?
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[♪♪]
We'd like to raise a glass to toast to you.
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We'd like to raise a glass to toast to you.
Good afternoon, welcome aboard, and cheers!
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Good afternoon, welcome aboard, and cheers!
Cheers!
[Narrator] Glass in hand, the wild journey begins.
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[Narrator] Glass in hand, the wild journey begins.
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[♪♪]
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[♪♪]
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Starting in Vancouver,
our trip sees us visit
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our trip sees us visit
the turbulent water of Hell's Gate...
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...pan for gold on the Fraser River,
before stopping in the Interior at Kamloops.
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before stopping in the Interior at Kamloops.
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The next leg continues eastward--
we'll set foot on Kiwa Glacier,
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we'll set foot on Kiwa Glacier,
get up close and personal with the wildlife,
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before arriving at our jaw-dropping final stop--
the awe-inspiring mountain destination
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the awe-inspiring mountain destination
of Banff in Alberta.
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of Banff in Alberta.
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Every mile of track has a story to tell.
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Every mile of track has a story to tell.
The route starts by following the Fraser River,
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The route starts by following the Fraser River,
named after intrepid explorer Simon Fraser.
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named after intrepid explorer Simon Fraser.
200 years ago,
he and his crew took on
a treacherous journey across the Rockies
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a treacherous journey across the Rockies
in search of new trade routes.
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in search of new trade routes.
After surviving this,
one of the most dangerous stretches of water on the river,
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one of the most dangerous stretches of water on the river,
he named it "Hell's Gate".
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he named it "Hell's Gate".
[Pete] This, of course, as you may have heard,
is the narrowest point in the Fraser River,
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is the narrowest point in the Fraser River,
just 31 metres across.
At its current depth, it's about 150 feet deep,
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At its current depth, it's about 150 feet deep,
and because it's so deep,
there's an enormous volume of water passing through it--
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there's an enormous volume of water passing through it--
the equivalent of a volume of water
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the equivalent of a volume of water
the size of the Empire State Building
going through Hell's Gate every minute, twice.
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going through Hell's Gate every minute, twice.
It's one of those rapids
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It's one of those rapids
that really divides the fine line
between bravery and stupidity,
as it is such a turbulent rapid.
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as it is such a turbulent rapid.
Simon Fraser eloquently put in his journal
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Simon Fraser eloquently put in his journal
that they had endured so much,
but, for surely,
we have entered the Gates of Hell.
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we have entered the Gates of Hell.
[Narrator] Today,
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[Narrator] Today,
it takes expert navigational skills,
jet engines and guts,
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jet engines and guts,
to get anywhere near.
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Adventurous tour guides Renee and Jesse
may be up for the challenge,
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may be up for the challenge,
but they also know the risks.
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Hell's Gate's just around the corner,
but there's a lot of debris in the water.
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but there's a lot of debris in the water.
[Renee] There's a lot of sticks and stuff in the water.
[Jesse] If we lose the pump,
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[Jesse] If we lose the pump,
we'll be making it down very easily.
If you guys are good, we'll turn it around here.
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The water gets pretty turbulent and whirlpooly.
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The water gets pretty turbulent and whirlpooly.
You got you get sucked into the whirlpool sideways,
and it can be pretty dangerous.
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and it can be pretty dangerous.
When you get in there,
it's essentially a giant eddy full of whirlpools--
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it's essentially a giant eddy full of whirlpools--
full of boils.
[Jesse] It's always spinning
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[Jesse] It's always spinning
and going in opposite directions.
It causes hazards.
It's not the best idea
to be going into that eddy today.
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to be going into that eddy today.
[Narrator] And it's not just a nightmare for boats--
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[Narrator] And it's not just a nightmare for boats--
Hell's Gate has always been a challenge
for salmon migrating up the river to breed.
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for salmon migrating up the river to breed.
The arrival of the railway made things even worse.
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The arrival of the railway made things even worse.
[Renee] When they were building the rail line,
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[Renee] When they were building the rail line,
one of the workers
put a little too much dynamite to do some blasting
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put a little too much dynamite to do some blasting
and actually caused a massive rockslide,
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and actually caused a massive rockslide,
where a large chunk of the canyon walls
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where a large chunk of the canyon walls
fell into the river,
essentially almost blocking off the river.
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essentially almost blocking off the river.
The water naturally pushed its way through,
but it created this giant turbulent rapid,
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but it created this giant turbulent rapid,
and it caused
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and it caused
a ton of problems for the spawning salmon.
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So, when you get to Hell's Gate,
there's a series of concrete man-made fish ladders,
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there's a series of concrete man-made fish ladders,
and, essentially, all they do is slow the water down,
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and, essentially, all they do is slow the water down,
and it allows the fish an easier way around the rapid.
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and it allows the fish an easier way around the rapid.
[Narrator] They may have stemmed the flow to some extent,
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[Narrator] They may have stemmed the flow to some extent,
but Hell's Gate still had a horrific reputation,
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but Hell's Gate still had a horrific reputation,
and the 19th-century railway builders
had to somehow find a way
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had to somehow find a way
to get a rather oddly-named ship through this deadly stretch.
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to get a rather oddly-named ship through this deadly stretch.
There was a paddle wheeler that they had come up here.
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There was a paddle wheeler that they had come up here.
It was called the "SS Skuzzy".
[Narrator] Navigating the "SS Skuzzy"
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[Narrator] Navigating the "SS Skuzzy"
through Hell's Gate
was certainly a difficult job.
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was certainly a difficult job.
They had Chinese workers,
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They had Chinese workers,
between 50 and a hundred,
on each side of the banks,
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on each side of the banks,
with big ropes,
and they attached them to the paddle wheeler,
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and they attached them to the paddle wheeler,
and, basically, were told,
"Heave Ho! Heave Ho!",
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"Heave Ho! Heave Ho!",
and they had to pull this paddle wheeler
up through the rapid.
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up through the rapid.
You know, a bunch of guys fell in,
they'd grab the next five guys,
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they'd grab the next five guys,
"Get on that rope, pull it through."
And when you go to Hell's Gate,
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And when you go to Hell's Gate,
you can still see the metal bolts,
the rings in the rock,
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the rings in the rock,
where the lined those ropes through,
and pulled that boat through.
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and pulled that boat through.
[Narrator] The "Skuzzy" made it to the other side.
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[Narrator] The "Skuzzy" made it to the other side.
Back on the Rocky Mountaineer, it's lunch time.
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Back on the Rocky Mountaineer, it's lunch time.
Executive Chef Daniel Stierhof
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Executive Chef Daniel Stierhof
has created a unique menu for the journey.
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Produce and proteins are sourced from along our route.
We get some of our beef from Alberta,
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We get some of our beef from Alberta,
so we get that beautiful triple-A Canadian beef.
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so we get that beautiful triple-A Canadian beef.
[Narrator] But cooking on a train
is slightly tricky.
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[Daniel] It truly is a unique experience.
I've worked in kitchens that are much smaller,
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I've worked in kitchens that are much smaller,
that aren't moving,
but this is the crème de la crème,
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but this is the crème de la crème,
and definitely top-notch
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and definitely top-notch
when it comes to working on trains.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
The food's been terrific,
and so has the service.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
and so has the service.
I didn't know we'd be fed so much food.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
[Narrator] As the gold-star service continues,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
[Narrator] As the gold-star service continues,
our train heads north up the Fraser River.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
our train heads north up the Fraser River.
Just below the tracks,
modern-day explorers head out in search of the real thing.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
modern-day explorers head out in search of the real thing.
Okay, let's get to it
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
Okay, let's get to it
and see if we can find some gold.
[Narrator] Our voyage through the Canadian Rockies
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
[Narrator] Our voyage through the Canadian Rockies
whisks us past some breathtaking scenery...
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whisks us past some breathtaking scenery...
...and, four hours out of Vancouver,
keeping things rolling on the train
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
keeping things rolling on the train
can be pretty challenging.
Okay, coming up next,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
Okay, coming up next,
you've got two beef and one chicken.
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Our ex-Brummie, Pete,
has been a host for four seasons now.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
has been a host for four seasons now.
It's been quite a journey from the West Midlands
to Canada's most western state--
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
to Canada's most western state--
something of a love affair, in fact.
Like many great travel stories,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
Like many great travel stories,
initially, there was a girl involved.
But I was never quite done.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
But I was never quite done.
Three months became six, became a year.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
Three months became six, became a year.
I didn't see myself necessarily staying here forever,
but I didn't see myself leaving any time soon.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
but I didn't see myself leaving any time soon.
And then I would find myself returning to England,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
And then I would find myself returning to England,
and I would actually miss the mountains,
and I would miss the ocean,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
and I would miss the ocean,
and I would miss British Columbia.
[Narrator] We're now 156 miles north of Vancouver,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
[Narrator] We're now 156 miles north of Vancouver,
and the landscape offers more than just incredible views.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
and the landscape offers more than just incredible views.
This is also a busy route for freight.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
This is also a busy route for freight.
And there is the train.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
And there is the train.
[Narrator] It's steeped in history,
with some treasures hidden just off the track.
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with some treasures hidden just off the track.
[Dan Hurd] We are off
to one of my favourite claims on the Fraser River.
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to one of my favourite claims on the Fraser River.
[Narrator] Modern-day prospector Dan Hurd
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[Narrator] Modern-day prospector Dan Hurd
not only looks the part,
but knows all about the gold here.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
but knows all about the gold here.
[Dan] I've nicknamed this claim "Pickerton",
just because of
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just because of
all the gold pickers that we found.
Gold pickers are gold flakes
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Gold pickers are gold flakes
that are big enough that you can pick up by hand.
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If we're lucky, we will find some bigger gold.
[Narrator] Sometimes,
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[Narrator] Sometimes,
Dan finds a bit more than he bargained for.
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[Dan] About a week ago, I was here,
and as I was panning
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and as I was panning
down on the far side of the river,
a black bear walked by.
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I've had some bears
a little uncomfortably close at times,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
a little uncomfortably close at times,
but I've lived my whole life out in the forest like this,
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but I've lived my whole life out in the forest like this,
I have never had an encounter that has worried me.
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I have never had an encounter that has worried me.
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You know, we're just minutes away
from the claim up the hill here,
and we see the tracks going by right there.
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and we see the tracks going by right there.
And those tracks are old-old,
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And those tracks are old-old,
they've been here since, well, the gold rush days.
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[Narrator] A nugget's throw from the tracks,
Dan finds his zen.
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Dan finds his zen.
[♪♪]
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[♪♪]
[Dan] This is my little piece of paradise.
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[Dan] This is my little piece of paradise.
Be very careful on this shale, it's razor-sharp rocks.
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Be very careful on this shale, it's razor-sharp rocks.
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I do know this spot right below us
has produced well in the past,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
has produced well in the past,
so I think that's where I'm going to try to start today.
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Okay, let's get to it,
and see if we can find some gold.
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[♪♪]
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The gold forms in bedrock
from hot water bubbling up from below.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
from hot water bubbling up from below.
It dissolves a bit of the gold,
then deposits it in quartz seams,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
then deposits it in quartz seams,
and then, over time,
the bedrock erodes and breaks up the quartz seams,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
the bedrock erodes and breaks up the quartz seams,
and free up the gold into the rivers.
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and free up the gold into the rivers.
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And that's a full pan.
We'll find a spot to sit down and work it.
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We'll find a spot to sit down and work it.
So if there's any gold in the pan right now,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
So if there's any gold in the pan right now,
it'll have sunk down through all the gravel,
it will be sitting on the bottom of the pan.
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it will be sitting on the bottom of the pan.
And then I can slowly wash away the top stuff,
the light stuff has no gold in it.
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the light stuff has no gold in it.
You get pretty quick at doing one of these pans.
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I think this is only been not even a minute so far
and I'm almost done.
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and I'm almost done.
Ah, there we go!
There is one of the nice pieces of gold
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There is one of the nice pieces of gold
you can find on the Fraser River.
That's probably .1 of a gram-ish
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
That's probably .1 of a gram-ish
and that would be worth...
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and that would be worth...
$5 to $10...
that piece of gold.
[Narrator] Dan's treasure may be modest,
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[Narrator] Dan's treasure may be modest,
but it connects him
to the very beginning of gold mining in The Rockies.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
to the very beginning of gold mining in The Rockies.
Right here where we're sitting, the Fraser Canyon,
is the site of the very first gold rush
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
is the site of the very first gold rush
here in Canada--
and it was a big one.
Someone let it slip down in California
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
Someone let it slip down in California
that there was gold in Fraser's River,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
that there was gold in Fraser's River,
and one person told another,
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and one person told another,
that person told 10 more,
those 10 told 100 more,
and, all of a sudden,
there were 30,000 people
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
there were 30,000 people
heading up the Fraser River to find gold.
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[Narrator] And the holler of gold
can still cause a rush to the head.
[Dan] Those things still happen today.
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[Dan] Those things still happen today.
We call them "staking rushes" or "staking frenzies",
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We call them "staking rushes" or "staking frenzies",
but I've even started a few myself.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
but I've even started a few myself.
Everyone loves the thrill of a treasure hunt.
I will never get rid of this claim.
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I will never get rid of this claim.
This is mine forever because I love it so much.
[Narrator] With enough treasure to buy a round of coffees,
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[Narrator] With enough treasure to buy a round of coffees,
a happy Dan heads off for a bit of train spotting.
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a happy Dan heads off for a bit of train spotting.
This is one of my favourite spots
to view the trains,
from this little secret lookout here.
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from this little secret lookout here.
The scenery for the trains is amazing,
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The scenery for the trains is amazing,
seeing the two Cisco Bridges,
crossing over,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
crossing over,
and just beautiful,
so neat to see.
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so neat to see.
I like bringing people here to see these bridges.
[Narrator] Our train heads over the smaller Cisco bridge
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[Narrator] Our train heads over the smaller Cisco bridge
on the Canadian Pacific Line,
which stretches 160 metres across the Fraser River.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
which stretches 160 metres across the Fraser River.
Incredibly, the original span
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
Incredibly, the original span
was built and shipped
all the way from England in 1883.
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all the way from England in 1883.
The current bridge, now 110 years old,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
The current bridge, now 110 years old,
is one of Canada's most iconic structures.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
is one of Canada's most iconic structures.
The construction
of this coast-to-coast railway line
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
of this coast-to-coast railway line
was arguably Canada's greatest feat of engineering.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
was arguably Canada's greatest feat of engineering.
It also must have been quite a sweat to build...
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It also must have been quite a sweat to build...
Tackling 8,000-foot mountains and steep river rapids,
it took thousands of men to create.
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it took thousands of men to create.
[Pete] You can see in the distance
that the forest is really thinning out
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that the forest is really thinning out
and the peaks in the distance--
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
and the peaks in the distance--
it's becoming that semi-arid desert.
A very, very dry, very arid area.
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A very, very dry, very arid area.
And this town, that-- we're just coming into town--
which is the town of Lytton--
it has record temperatures of about 44°C.
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it has record temperatures of about 44°C.
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[Narrator] In the town of Lytton
is a tiny museum dedicated to the railway workers.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
is a tiny museum dedicated to the railway workers.
Local resident and history enthusiast Lorna
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Local resident and history enthusiast Lorna
has found a way to remember
that it wasn't just the Canadians
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
that it wasn't just the Canadians
who built this mountain railway.
There's a dark side to this railroad's history.
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There's a dark side to this railroad's history.
To have a big enough workforce,
they controversially imported thousands of Chinese workers.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
they controversially imported thousands of Chinese workers.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
they controversially imported thousands of Chinese workers.
In 1978, my husband and I actually purchased this lot.
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In 1978, my husband and I actually purchased this lot.
We were told that there was
a Chinese Joss House or temple on the lot.
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a Chinese Joss House or temple on the lot.
Most local people didn't know about that building,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
Most local people didn't know about that building,
so we started researching,
and then four years ago,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
and then four years ago,
I decided I'll just go ahead and create this museum.
The idea is to give awareness to people,
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The idea is to give awareness to people,
not only their hardships,
but the Chinese contributions to our province.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
but the Chinese contributions to our province.
Many people remained out of necessity
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
Many people remained out of necessity
and started restaurants, laundries and merchant stores.
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and started restaurants, laundries and merchant stores.
So that's my goal here--
to get people thinking about that.
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to get people thinking about that.
[Narrator] In 1879,
American on contractor Andrew Onderdonk
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
American on contractor Andrew Onderdonk
won the contract
to build a substantial section of the line--
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
to build a substantial section of the line--
a total of 227 miles.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
a total of 227 miles.
To complete the railway
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To complete the railway
through the mountainous and hostile terrain,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
his search for labour was forced to go global.
People wanted to come make their fortune,
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People wanted to come make their fortune,
go back to China.
[Narrator] But their arrival was far from welcomed.
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[Narrator] But their arrival was far from welcomed.
[Lorna] There was definitely a negative response
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
[Lorna] There was definitely a negative response
to hiring Chinese,
there was this thought
that they were taking jobs away from other people,
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that they were taking jobs away from other people,
but not so, they really were not.
Most of them would have been just doing
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
Most of them would have been just doing
hard labour pick-and-shovel jobs,
some people, the explosives--
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some people, the explosives--
they were blowing up rocks for tunnels.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
they were blowing up rocks for tunnels.
One Chinese person per mile died on the railway work.
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One Chinese person per mile died on the railway work.
They were put into a position of danger
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They were put into a position of danger
that the non-Chinese workers were not,
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that the non-Chinese workers were not,
their standard of living was less.
And also, at the end of it,
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And also, at the end of it,
they were basically abandoned
to make their own way within Canada.
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to make their own way within Canada.
The Chinese importance
in the construction of the railway
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
in the construction of the railway
is hugely understated.
[Narrator] They worked in harsh conditions
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[Narrator] They worked in harsh conditions
for little pay.
Historians believe
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
around 600 of them died to make this route possible.
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As the track winds its way along the river,
the extraordinary landscape
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
the extraordinary landscape
shows the physical challenges
the railroad builders faced on a daily basis.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
the railroad builders faced on a daily basis.
[Pete] And just across the water,
in a few moments,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
in a few moments,
we'll get our first glimpses of Rainbow Canyon.
Rainbow Canyon is named
because of the minerals that get exposed
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because of the minerals that get exposed
by the very steep fall line
reacting with the bit of rain it gets,
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reacting with the bit of rain it gets,
and showing very beautiful reds and blue colours.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
and showing very beautiful reds and blue colours.
That is why it takes its name, "Rainbow Canyon",
but the rest of the area is called "Avalanche Alley",
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
but the rest of the area is called "Avalanche Alley",
and that's because the snow that does fall here,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
and that's because the snow that does fall here,
it builds up,
and it falls down on the tracks,
and that's why
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
and that's why
it's a rather dangerous part of the journey--
not for us--
the Canadian National does have various rock sheds
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
the Canadian National does have various rock sheds
which channel all the falling debris.
[Narrator] Safely through the perilous canyons,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
[Narrator] Safely through the perilous canyons,
the Rocky Mountaineer
is nearly at its halfway point, at Kamloops.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
is nearly at its halfway point, at Kamloops.
After 200 miles
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
After 200 miles
through Canada's most scenic rail highway,
the train stops.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
the train stops.
Hosts and passengers disembark
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
Hosts and passengers disembark
and head to their hotel,
oblivious to what is about to happen
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oblivious to what is about to happen
in the wee small hours of the night...
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
Out of the dusk appears the night shift,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
Out of the dusk appears the night shift,
headed up by maintenance manager Mike Ryder,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
headed up by maintenance manager Mike Ryder,
who's in charge of getting our train ship-shape
for the next day.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
for the next day.
7's flagged,
we'll do 5, 8 and 9 right away.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
we'll do 5, 8 and 9 right away.
Nothing else right now.
Please have a safe night.
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[Narrator] With only a few hours till its scheduled departure,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
[Narrator] With only a few hours till its scheduled departure,
the pressure's on.
We're going to clean the exterior.
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We're going to clean the exterior.
We're going to clean the interior.
We're going to stock the train.
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We're going to stock the train.
We're going to provision it with food,
with supplies, with drinks.
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with supplies, with drinks.
We're also going to repair the train.
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We're also going to repair the train.
Any defects that may have come up throughout the day
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Any defects that may have come up throughout the day
are going to be addressed.
My job is to ensure
that those work orders are closed tonight.
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that those work orders are closed tonight.
[Narrator] Keeping this mammoth twin-engine train
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[Narrator] Keeping this mammoth twin-engine train
in perfect working order
is where engineers
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is where engineers
Kevin Soprovich and Darrell Bliault
step in.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
step in.
We are jacking a coach
because we have a spring
that's dislodged on the other side.
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that's dislodged on the other side.
It's hit a heavy bump and dislodged itself.
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It's hit a heavy bump and dislodged itself.
[Narrator] If the team don't fix the spring in time
for the early-morning departure,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
for the early-morning departure,
the passengers could be in for a bumpy ride.
[Darrell] You see
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[Darrell] You see
where the spring has been dislodged here.
[Kevin] So you see where it's popped over?
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[Kevin] So you see where it's popped over?
It's not sitting properly in here.
So it's going to cause this equalizer bar--
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So it's going to cause this equalizer bar--
so every time the wheel bounces,
it's going to bounce sideways
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it's going to bounce sideways
and not bounce properly up and down.
So, we're just going to take the weight off.
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So, we're just going to take the weight off.
It should give us enough clearance
just to shimmy that back into place.
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All right, going up.
[Narrator] At the other end of the coach,
there's another issue--
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there's another issue--
one of the buffer rods
needed to hold the carriages in place,
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needed to hold the carriages in place,
so passengers can cross from one to the other safely,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
has been damaged.
If you break one,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
and say you go on a curve,
it will push it back--
it will stay there if it's broken, right?
So now you have a gap, which is unsafe.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
So now you have a gap, which is unsafe.
[Narrator] They'll only have till daybreak to fix it.
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[Narrator] They'll only have till daybreak to fix it.
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By dawn, the train will be as good as new...
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By dawn, the train will be as good as new...
...ready to hit
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...ready to hit
the most extraordinary part of this unique railway journey,
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the most extraordinary part of this unique railway journey,
through not just one national park,
but three!
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but three!
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We're in Kamloops--
a major road, river and rail junction
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a major road, river and rail junction
in the centre of the Rockies.
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It's halfway to our final destination--
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It's halfway to our final destination--
Banff in Alberta.
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The repaired and restocked Rocky Mountaineer
now embarks on a 400-mile voyage
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now embarks on a 400-mile voyage
full of majestic glaciers and snowy peaks
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full of majestic glaciers and snowy peaks
along the Thompson River.
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We might only be going at 35 miles an hour,
but that simply prolongs
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but that simply prolongs
the pleasure of seeing these Rocky Mountains.
Several are over 12,000 feet high.
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Several are over 12,000 feet high.
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Refreshed after their pit stop,
Jocelyn and Pete are back to multi-skilling.
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Jocelyn and Pete are back to multi-skilling.
[Jocelyn] Well, we're a host,
but we are a bartender,
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but we are a bartender,
we're a psychiatrist,
we're, um...
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we're, um...
a party pumper...
historian.
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historian.
[Pete] Thank you.
Keep everybody smiling,
whether it be a story,
whether it be, like, just interaction,
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whether it be, like, just interaction,
then that's what we do.
I consider myself a provider of nice times.
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I consider myself a provider of nice times.
[Narrator] Our train journey is about to take a turn
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[Narrator] Our train journey is about to take a turn
to a much colder, higher region,
as the line heads north.
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as the line heads north.
You can see that
the environment has changed drastically--
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the environment has changed drastically--
we quickly leave that semi-arid desert--
and that's because
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and that's because
we're starting to go back into that mountainous region,
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we're starting to go back into that mountainous region,
so we're gonna start to see
the southern part of the Monashee Range,
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the southern part of the Monashee Range,
which is a part--
it's a sub-range of the Columbia.
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it's a sub-range of the Columbia.
Rather incredibly,
we're at about 1,100 feet above sea level now,
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we're at about 1,100 feet above sea level now,
but we're going to take our guests
another four and a half thousand feet
before we reach our highest point,
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before we reach our highest point,
when we'll be in the Rocky Mountains.
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when we'll be in the Rocky Mountains.
[Narrator] The Rockies might stand tall and proud
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above our rail route,
but they are not invincible.
The famous glaciers above are shrinking fast.
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The famous glaciers above are shrinking fast.
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Glaciologists Brian and Ben are switching from rail to rotor
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
Glaciologists Brian and Ben are switching from rail to rotor
to investigate.
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[Ben Pelto] Okay, here we go.
We're heading back to the Kiwa Glacier.
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We're heading back to the Kiwa Glacier.
It's one of the largest glaciers in this area.
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The Kiwa Glacier is terminating into a large lake,
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The Kiwa Glacier is terminating into a large lake,
and that lake is increasing in area
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
as the glacier retreats backwards.
[Narrator] Despite being far from any city,
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[Narrator] Despite being far from any city,
the effects of global warming are still hitting the area hard.
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the effects of global warming are still hitting the area hard.
It is predicted
that 80% of the ice cover in the Rocky Mountains
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that 80% of the ice cover in the Rocky Mountains
will be gone in the next 50 years.
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will be gone in the next 50 years.
This glacier is really falling apart
since last year.
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since last year.
It broke off big-time.
You could see from all those icebergs
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You could see from all those icebergs
And then if you look along the side of the glacier,
there's all these collapsed old ice caves
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there's all these collapsed old ice caves
and things like that.
All these collapses are a bad sign for this glacier.
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All these collapses are a bad sign for this glacier.
It's pretty spectacular.
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It's pretty spectacular.
[Narrator] Scientists like Ben and Brian
are trying to understand their retreat,
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are trying to understand their retreat,
which is by no means risk-free.
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which is by no means risk-free.
[Ben] If the weather comes in,
do you want us to be anticipating you coming back?
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do you want us to be anticipating you coming back?
[pilot] Yeah, absolutely there,
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[pilot] Yeah, absolutely there,
if it looks like it's going to turn there,
I'm gonna come back for you guys.
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I'm gonna come back for you guys.
[narrator] To measure the retreat
of this seven-kilometre-long glacier,
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of this seven-kilometre-long glacier,
they have to work on ice at an altitude of 7,000 feet,
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they have to work on ice at an altitude of 7,000 feet,
making the job physically exhausting.
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making the job physically exhausting.
[Ben] We're drilling a hole in the glacier.
Down at this elevation of the glacier,
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Down at this elevation of the glacier,
we experience a lot of melt,
so we need to drill this hole pretty deep.
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so we need to drill this hole pretty deep.
We do this in September or August each year,
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and then when we come back the following September,
this pole will be sticking out of the glacier.
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this pole will be sticking out of the glacier.
The lower parts of the glacier here
will naturally lose a lot of ice.
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will naturally lose a lot of ice.
In a given season,
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In a given season,
we might find six to seven metres of ice melt
during the summer,
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during the summer,
and then, in the winter-time,
due to ice dynamics,
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due to ice dynamics,
that ice is replenished from higher up the glacier,
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that ice is replenished from higher up the glacier,
but what's been happening
is that that replenishment
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is that that replenishment
is not keeping up with the amount of melt
at the lower part of the glacier.
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at the lower part of the glacier.
[Narrator] At times, they've found
that the ice has dropped by a metre in height
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that the ice has dropped by a metre in height
in just two weeks.
The dark line on the valley walls
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The dark line on the valley walls
indicates just how high the glacier used to be.
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indicates just how high the glacier used to be.
More worryingly,
without the supporting ice,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
without the supporting ice,
the walls become prone to collapse.
[Brian] If you look carefully here,
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[Brian] If you look carefully here,
you can actually see the whole series of trees
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you can actually see the whole series of trees
that we often refer to as a drunken forest.
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that we often refer to as a drunken forest.
So, the trees are sort of walked around
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and flopped around like--
well, like they've had a long night at the pub,
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well, like they've had a long night at the pub,
I guess.
This is a key indicator of unstable terrain.
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This is a key indicator of unstable terrain.
The glacier has retreated several kilometres
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The glacier has retreated several kilometres
from its outermost moraine.
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from its outermost moraine.
What's clear is
the more recent retreat
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the more recent retreat
we can attribute to human activity--
greenhouse gas emissions.
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greenhouse gas emissions.
[Narrator] No one wants to see
the national parks lose their majestic snowy peaks,
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the national parks lose their majestic snowy peaks,
least of all
those admiring them from onboard our train.
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those admiring them from onboard our train.
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Two hours into the second day,
the landscape may change
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the landscape may change
but the hospitality remains unstoppable.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
but the hospitality remains unstoppable.
Wine and cheese!
Well, I believe that
we still have some hungry guests,
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we still have some hungry guests,
and even if they're not hungry,
we're going to over-indulge.
[Jocelyn] We don't like guests
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[Jocelyn] We don't like guests
to go more than an hour without anything.
[Pete] An hour? It feels like 45 minutes.
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[Pete] An hour? It feels like 45 minutes.
45 minutes!
We're pretty relentless in the feeding.
We often like to put people's nerves at ease
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We often like to put people's nerves at ease
by saying there are no calories on the train,
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by saying there are no calories on the train,
but it's certainly a land of indulgence.
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[Narrator] And, like the food,
the historical sights just keep on coming.
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the historical sights just keep on coming.
This is the site of Craigellachie,
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This is the site of Craigellachie,
and what that is, it's the site of the last spike.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
and what that is, it's the site of the last spike.
Every single rail tie
that gets put underneath the rails
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
that gets put underneath the rails
on top of the ballast with the rails on top,
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all those get held in place with a spike,
a single iron spike,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
a single iron spike,
and it's here
that the very last spike was banged in,
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that the very last spike was banged in,
completing effectively
what was the Trans Canadian Railroad.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
what was the Trans Canadian Railroad.
[Narrator] On the 7th of November, 1885
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[Narrator] On the 7th of November, 1885
at 9:22 in the morning,
railroad financier Donald Smith
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railroad financier Donald Smith
drove in the ceremonial final spike,
marking the end
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
marking the end
of all the engineering challenges,
money crises
and natural disasters to hit the construction.
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and natural disasters to hit the construction.
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At last,
the nation's railroads ran the breadth of the country.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
the nation's railroads ran the breadth of the country.
[Pete] We can see this cairn as well,
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[Pete] We can see this cairn as well,
which commemorates the site of the last spike,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
which commemorates the site of the last spike,
and what's interesting about that
is that there is a rock
from each of the provinces of Canada
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from each of the provinces of Canada
and the three territories, too,
and that symbolises a unity of the country.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
and that symbolises a unity of the country.
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[Narrator] This railway route
is probably the only rail journey in the world
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
is probably the only rail journey in the world
that goes through three national parks--
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that goes through three national parks--
Glacier, Yoho and Banff,
each one with its own unique story.
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each one with its own unique story.
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Just above our train route
at Kicking Horse in Yoho National Park,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
at Kicking Horse in Yoho National Park,
most days,
Parks Canada Guide Claudia can be found trekking.
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Parks Canada Guide Claudia can be found trekking.
Today, she's making her way up
to one of the most famous sites in the world--
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
to one of the most famous sites in the world--
that's if you're either a Star Wars obsessive
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
that's if you're either a Star Wars obsessive
or have an interest
in the early origins of human kind.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
in the early origins of human kind.
We're on our way up
to one of Yoho National Park's iconic Burgess Shale sites.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
to one of Yoho National Park's iconic Burgess Shale sites.
Mount Stephen--
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
then it really starts to get steep.
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The discovery of this particular site
is closely tied in
with the building of the Canadian Pacific Railway.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
with the building of the Canadian Pacific Railway.
It brought a lot of workers in,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
who probably were scouring these hills
hoping to find some gold,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
hoping to find some gold,
and instead they found stone bugs.
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[Narrator] These weren't just any old bugs--
they were early marine invertebrates,
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
they were early marine invertebrates,
dating back 540 million years to the Cambrian Period.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
dating back 540 million years to the Cambrian Period.
This was an exciting new discovery for scientists.
X-TIMESTAMP-MAP=MPEGTS:900000,LOCAL:00:00:00.000
This was an exciting new discovery for scientists.
[Claudia] The community that lived here
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[Claudia] The community that lived here
was in a warm tropical ocean
and was much like a modern-day reef community,
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and was much like a modern-day reef community,
and then these big mud flows
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and then these big mud flows
would come and cover up the communities,
and layer after layer was laid down and compressed,
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and layer after layer was laid down and compressed,
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and layer after layer was laid down and compressed,
and then, over millions of years,
transformed into rock
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transformed into rock
and then pushed up
into what we now see is the Canadian Rockies.
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into what we now see is the Canadian Rockies.
[Narrator] What's extraordinary at this Burgess Shale site,
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[Narrator] What's extraordinary at this Burgess Shale site,
is that it revealed incredible detail
in some of the soft-bodied fossils.
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in some of the soft-bodied fossils.
Advanced imaging revealed hearts, livers and eggs,
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Advanced imaging revealed hearts, livers and eggs,
all previously unseen.
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all previously unseen.
The exquisite preservation then exposed something amazing--
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The exquisite preservation then exposed something amazing--
the first ever record of skeletal remains.
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the first ever record of skeletal remains.
We can find our distant ancestors
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We can find our distant ancestors
here at the Burgess Shale.
We have our very first chordates,
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We have our very first chordates,
so that's the group that we belong to,
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so that's the group that we belong to,
and these animals are much more basic than we are,
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and these animals are much more basic than we are,
but they have a notochord,
which is the precursor to a backbone.
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which is the precursor to a backbone.
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This is an ancestor to fish
and anything with a backbone, like us.
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and anything with a backbone, like us.
[Narrator] Our long-lost relatives
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[Narrator] Our long-lost relatives
from 550 million years ago.
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Now these ancient creatures have become Hollywood stars,
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Now these ancient creatures have become Hollywood stars,
inspiring the world of film.
Some of the weird wonders
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Some of the weird wonders
apparently inspired
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apparently inspired
some of the weird wonders from Star Wars.
Have you ever seen the original,
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Have you ever seen the original,
where they have the bar scene from Tattooine?
Apparently, those aliens
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Apparently, those aliens
were inspired by creatures from the Burgess Shale.
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[Narrator] As a relatively recent discovery,
these rocks undoubtedly
have many hidden wonders yet to be found.
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have many hidden wonders yet to be found.
I always tell people when we come up here
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I always tell people when we come up here
that they could be the first person
to find something brand-new that no one else has ever seen.
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to find something brand-new that no one else has ever seen.
[Narrator] The Burgess Shale is extraordinary.
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[Narrator] The Burgess Shale is extraordinary.
This Unesco World Heritage site
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This Unesco World Heritage site
attracts scientists all year round
to catch a tantalizing glimpse
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to catch a tantalizing glimpse
of life over 500 million years ago.
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of life over 500 million years ago.
Without the railway builders, it might never have been found.
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Without the railway builders, it might never have been found.
Now the train is heading into its home stretch,
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Now the train is heading into its home stretch,
but there's still some food on the horizon.
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but there's still some food on the horizon.
-Company's good. -Good.
Great to be able to mix
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Great to be able to mix
and meet people from other walks of life.
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I love looking after Australians,
they're always so happy about everything
and everything is beautiful.
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and everything is beautiful.
It doesn't matter what it is--
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It doesn't matter what it is--
everything is beautiful.
[Narrator] Next, we're heading into bear country.
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[Narrator] Next, we're heading into bear country.
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Half of the grizzly bear population of Canada
lives in British Columbia.
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lives in British Columbia.
Spotting a wild bear
may be a thrill from the safety of a train.
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may be a thrill from the safety of a train.
On foot, only a cool professional ranger
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On foot, only a cool professional ranger
would actually like to meet one.
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would actually like to meet one.
Ranger Jesse is on a mission.
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[Jesse] We're headed to a place called "The Five Mile Pull Out"
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[Jesse] We're headed to a place called "The Five Mile Pull Out"
and it's a spot
where we've had quite a few grizzly bears
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where we've had quite a few grizzly bears
struck and killed on the railroad tracks,
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struck and killed on the railroad tracks,
and it's an interesting area
because it's the confluence of the railway, the Bow River,
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because it's the confluence of the railway, the Bow River,
the Trans-Canada Highway, and the Bow Valley Parkway,
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the Trans-Canada Highway, and the Bow Valley Parkway,
and the whole area is constrained
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and the whole area is constrained
by steep rocky mountains,
so it's a challenging spot for wildlife to get to.
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so it's a challenging spot for wildlife to get to.
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[Narrator] Bears don't comprehend
the real dangers of the rails,
but see them as a way to travel quickly
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but see them as a way to travel quickly
and find grain dropped by freight trains.
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and find grain dropped by freight trains.
Over the last 10 years,
we've lost six grizzly bears to mortality
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we've lost six grizzly bears to mortality
on the railroad tracks,
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on the railroad tracks,
and one of the hotspots for grizzly-bear mortality
has been along these curves.
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has been along these curves.
Sometimes, bears are startled by trains,
and when they're startled, they run,
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and when they're startled, they run,
and they kind of lose their sense of reasoning,
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and they kind of lose their sense of reasoning,
and they run where they can run fastest,
which is straight down the tracks.
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which is straight down the tracks.
This is one of those areas
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where we have created some alternate travel routes
on the other side of the Bow River
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on the other side of the Bow River
so that the wildlife
don't even have to travel along the railway.
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don't even have to travel along the railway.
[Narrator] Grizzly bears are under threat
from trains and loss of habitat.
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from trains and loss of habitat.
These iconic animals
are now protected and monitored
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are now protected and monitored
in the hope their numbers recover.
These trains take kilometres to stop,
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These trains take kilometres to stop,
so the best thing they can do is just honk their horn,
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so the best thing they can do is just honk their horn,
but if it's a last-minute sighting,
then it's very challenging for them.
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then it's very challenging for them.
[Narrator] Other animals are also following the railroad.
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[Narrator] Other animals are also following the railroad.
A lot of elk congregate around the town of Banff
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A lot of elk congregate around the town of Banff
and that's where they have their calves,
so, often this time of the year,
grizzly bears and wolves and cougars
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grizzly bears and wolves and cougars
converge on the town of Banff,
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converge on the town of Banff,
as they're trying to get some of these elk calves
when they're first born.
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when they're first born.
[Narrator] Using tracking,
Jesse has a pretty good idea
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Jesse has a pretty good idea
of the bear population in his charge.
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[Jesse] There's now roughly 65 adult grizzly bears
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[Jesse] There's now roughly 65 adult grizzly bears
in Banff National Park
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in Banff National Park
and probably 20 of them use the Bow Valley
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and probably 20 of them use the Bow Valley
and encounter the railway.
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My job is trying to figure out
how we can provide excellent opportunities
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how we can provide excellent opportunities
for people coming to Banff,
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for people coming to Banff,
so they have a meaningful experience,
but, at the same time,
minimising the effects we are having on wildlife.
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minimising the effects we are having on wildlife.
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[Narrator] As we travel through Yoho National Park,
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[Narrator] As we travel through Yoho National Park,
it's hard to comprehend
there are so few bears left in the area.
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there are so few bears left in the area.
All are being carefully monitored.
16 of them are female,
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16 of them are female,
and they hold the future
of these beautiful grizzlies in British Columbia.
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of these beautiful grizzlies in British Columbia.
Not far down the line, still in Yoho,
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Not far down the line, still in Yoho,
the railroad builders faced a very different challenge--
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the railroad builders faced a very different challenge--
a place known as "The Big Hill".
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a place known as "The Big Hill".
People were still driving on dirt roads,
people were still driving horse carriages,
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people were still driving horse carriages,
so something like this was a massive feat.
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[Narrator] We've travelled almost 500 miles
across the Canadian Rockies,
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across the Canadian Rockies,
and our spell-binding two-day rail adventure
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and our spell-binding two-day rail adventure
is nearly over.
Life wasn't so plain-sailing
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Life wasn't so plain-sailing
for the crew building a line with so many challenges.
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for the crew building a line with so many challenges.
The worst stretch of all was known as "The Big Hill".
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The worst stretch of all was known as "The Big Hill".
It had an incredibly steep slope,
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It had an incredibly steep slope,
dropping 1000 feet in just 10 miles.
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dropping 1000 feet in just 10 miles.
The Big Hill was in many ways a cut corner,
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The Big Hill was in many ways a cut corner,
money was conserved
by putting the trains down what was an illegal grade,
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by putting the trains down what was an illegal grade,
a 4.4% grade.
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a 4.4% grade.
It would be a rather dangerous situation
to have all that momentum heading down the hill,
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to have all that momentum heading down the hill,
and the first train that ever went down The Big Hill
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and the first train that ever went down The Big Hill
did actually derail,
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did actually derail,
and the engineers on board didn't make it either.
[Narrator] When it opened in 1884,
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[Narrator] When it opened in 1884,
The Big Hill section
was one of the steepest railway lines around.
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was one of the steepest railway lines around.
It was the scene of many disastrous derailments,
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It was the scene of many disastrous derailments,
as Park Ranger Sarah explains.
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as Park Ranger Sarah explains.
The Canadian Pacific Railway lost steam trains,
they would also lose loads,
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they would also lose loads,
they would lose grain transportation,
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they would lose grain transportation,
sometimes, loss of life,
whether it was conductors or passengers.
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whether it was conductors or passengers.
They realised that just running straight over
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They realised that just running straight over
and straight down into a valley
with no reprieve,
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with no reprieve,
there's no way to slow thousands of tonnes.
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there's no way to slow thousands of tonnes.
They needed to come up with a solution
and that solution was the spiral tunnels.
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and that solution was the spiral tunnels.
[Narrator] They decided to cut two circular tunnels
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[Narrator] They decided to cut two circular tunnels
deep into the side of two mountains--
Cathedral Mountain and Mount Ogden.
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Cathedral Mountain and Mount Ogden.
This would allow trains to spiral round
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This would allow trains to spiral round
and descend safely at a much more gentle grade.
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and descend safely at a much more gentle grade.
Basically, the way they engineered,
they did bring in Swiss engineers from Europe,
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they did bring in Swiss engineers from Europe,
based on the same way
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based on the same way
that they built roads
to ascend as switchbacks through the Alps.
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to ascend as switchbacks through the Alps.
To build this,
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To build this,
a thousand men,
horses,
dynamite,
remove all the rubble,
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remove all the rubble,
and then lay the track once its cleared.
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and then lay the track once its cleared.
[Narrator] On the 1st September 1909,
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this pair of spiral tunnels opened,
at a cost of around one and a half million dollars.
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at a cost of around one and a half million dollars.
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The extra track
effectively doubled the length of the section,
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effectively doubled the length of the section,
reducing the steepness of the gradient by half.
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reducing the steepness of the gradient by half.
At the time, it was pretty cutting-edge.
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People were still driving on dirt roads,
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people were still driving horse carriages,
the Ford T-model engine was basically a new phenomenon,
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the Ford T-model engine was basically a new phenomenon,
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the Ford T-model engine was basically a new phenomenon,
so something like this was a massive feat.
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so something like this was a massive feat.
Right now,
there's a CP rail train
that's coming into the upper tunnel.
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that's coming into the upper tunnel.
It's going into the mountain,
it's going to be coming around,
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it's going to be coming around,
spiralling upon itself lower,
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spiralling upon itself lower,
and then coming out right there in the lower part.
And as it's turning back on itself,
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And as it's turning back on itself,
it's going to descend,
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so that makes it a whole lot safer,
a whole lot slower.
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a whole lot slower.
[Narrator] And what better way to see this feat of engineering
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[Narrator] And what better way to see this feat of engineering
than by taking a train right through them--
but this time,
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but this time,
we are going up rather than down.
[Pete] Now, what's going to happen
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[Pete] Now, what's going to happen
is that we are going to head towards Mount Ogden,
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is that we are going to head towards Mount Ogden,
and as we get closer to it,
you'll see that,
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you'll see that,
50 feet above the tunnel that we go into,
you'll actually see the tracks that we'll be on,
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you'll actually see the tracks that we'll be on,
because, to quote my mother,
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what we'll be doing
is chucking a U-y inside of the mountain.
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is chucking a U-y inside of the mountain.
So, can you see,
by looking at the rail car in front of us,
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by looking at the rail car in front of us,
you can probably see and probably imagine
which way the train is going to turn,
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which way the train is going to turn,
and we're just seeing, quite literally,
the light at the end of the tunnel,
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the light at the end of the tunnel,
but Cathedral Mountain was on our right-hand side,
Mount Steven was directly behind us.
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Mount Steven was directly behind us.
As we emerge from this tunnel,
you'll see that
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you'll see that
Cathedral Mountain is directly in front of us,
and so, rather incredibly,
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and so, rather incredibly,
this train has performed a 3/4 turn.
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this train has performed a 3/4 turn.
[Narrator] The train has now travelled
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for two days
as it enters the final stretch in Banff National Park.
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as it enters the final stretch in Banff National Park.
This place covers over 2,500 square miles
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This place covers over 2,500 square miles
of some of the world's most majestic mountains.
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of some of the world's most majestic mountains.
It's also famous for what lies beneath.
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It's also famous for what lies beneath.
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Just a few meters to the east of the line,
hidden in the limestone rock,
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hidden in the limestone rock,
are some thermal springs.
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Deep in these famous cave systems,
guide Amar is taking us into the area's history.
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guide Amar is taking us into the area's history.
Banff National Park
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Banff National Park
was created around natural springs,
so here we have one of them.
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so here we have one of them.
All together, we have nine springs.
In the late 1800s,
when the railway was being built across the country,
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when the railway was being built across the country,
winter was coming,
work would stop.
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work would stop.
Most men would go back East to their families,
but three railway workers
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but three railway workers
decided they were going
to spend their time in the valley here.
So, they started exploring,
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So, they started exploring,
and they discovered these springs,
so what did they do--
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so what did they do--
they had their first bath in a long, long time.
[Narrator] The railway company spotted a financial opportunity.
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[Narrator] The railway company spotted a financial opportunity.
[Amar] After they had their bath,
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[Amar] After they had their bath,
they quickly realised
others would love to have that same experience,
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others would love to have that same experience,
and perhaps this was
their chance to make their fortune.
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their chance to make their fortune.
[Narrator] In 1885,
keen to make the most of the springs,
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keen to make the most of the springs,
the Government opened up
Canada's first national park around the site.
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Canada's first national park around the site.
It attracted wealth and tourism to the region.
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It attracted wealth and tourism to the region.
The iconic Banff Springs Hotel followed shortly afterwards,
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The iconic Banff Springs Hotel followed shortly afterwards,
and the area still thrives today,
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and the area still thrives today,
with over four million people visiting every year.
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with over four million people visiting every year.
After 600 miles of luxurious train trekking
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After 600 miles of luxurious train trekking
across the Rocky Mountains,
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across the Rocky Mountains,
we pull into Banff Station.
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Welcome to Banff, everybody!
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And what a pleasure it's been. Thank you so much.
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And what a pleasure it's been. Thank you so much.
-Thanks a lot. -Thank you!
-Good, good! -See you!
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-Good, good! -See you!
Thank you!
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Thank you!
I enjoyed being with you guys.
Pleasure looking after you.
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-See you again. -It was a real pleasure.
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It was a pleasure looking after you.
Have a great time.
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Have a great time.
[Narrator] It's been a fantastic experience--
and the magnificent views are truly world-class.
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and the magnificent views are truly world-class.
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Our railway voyage
has shown us some deadly waterways,
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has shown us some deadly waterways,
we've crossed stunning bridges,
through beautiful national parks,
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through beautiful national parks,
while taking in
some incredible feats of engineering,
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some incredible feats of engineering,
but for Pete and Jocelyn, this isn't the end of the line.
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but for Pete and Jocelyn, this isn't the end of the line.
Their Rocky Mountain rail journey
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Their Rocky Mountain rail journey
doesn't stop here...
So that's a real privilege
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So that's a real privilege
and we get to do it all again tomorrow.
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