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1
00:00:33,060 --> 00:00:35,700
It has to be back to the beginning.
Is that what he's doing?
2
00:00:35,700 --> 00:00:37,020
Yes, yes.
3
00:00:38,700 --> 00:00:39,620
Good.
4
00:00:42,380 --> 00:00:45,340
One thing I have to
know before we start.
5
00:00:45,340 --> 00:00:46,900
When did you meet him?
6
00:00:47,700 --> 00:00:48,420
Back then?
7
00:00:48,820 --> 00:00:52,700
In 1963 you're talking about.
What did you make of him?
8
00:00:52,700 --> 00:00:54,820
We didn't. We didn't meet him.
9
00:00:54,820 --> 00:00:57,140
He was in England,
we were in New Jersey.
10
00:00:58,540 --> 00:00:59,980
Wait a minute�
11
00:01:01,300 --> 00:01:04,340
We didn't even know he existed.
Did we know he existed?
12
00:01:04,340 --> 00:01:07,380
We had no idea who he was,
Stephen Hawking. Who's he?
13
00:01:09,700 --> 00:01:13,300
- Fifteen years ago Bob.
- Can you believe it?
- Time flies, huh...
14
00:01:24,020 --> 00:01:26,900
There was no beginning of the universe.
15
00:01:26,900 --> 00:01:33,660
Past, present, future, the universe has always existed,
and it always will.
16
00:01:33,860 --> 00:01:35,900
- Stephen?
- It stays the same.
17
00:01:36,060 --> 00:01:37,300
Stephen?!
18
00:01:52,340 --> 00:01:53,540
What is it?
19
00:01:54,700 --> 00:01:56,060
What is it??
20
00:02:00,580 --> 00:02:02,500
OK wait, how long we got here?
21
00:02:04,100 --> 00:02:08,100
I don't wanna be late, Arno Penzias was
late for his Nobel Prize? I don't think so.
22
00:02:10,340 --> 00:02:12,300
- Are we filming now?
- Yes.
23
00:02:13,300 --> 00:02:21,180
I swear to you, that this is the most profound thing
you will hear in your entire life.
24
00:02:21,660 --> 00:02:24,420
The sound or the story?
25
00:02:25,260 --> 00:02:27,220
The sound or the story?
26
00:02:28,300 --> 00:02:29,940
What's the difference?
27
00:02:43,740 --> 00:02:46,820
There you are. Your mother sent me to find you.
28
00:02:46,820 --> 00:02:54,380
--a new matter, which is being created to replace old matter,
this process has always existed and will continue forever.
29
00:02:54,700 --> 00:02:58,260
Nothing changes,
nothing has ever changed.
30
00:03:03,020 --> 00:03:05,140
It's my theory.
31
00:03:05,140 --> 00:03:07,620
And I've given it a name.
32
00:03:07,620 --> 00:03:11,260
I've called it "steady state".
33
00:03:15,220 --> 00:03:17,420
- Good night.
- Good night professor Hoyle.
34
00:03:18,500 --> 00:03:19,900
That's Hoyle?
35
00:03:21,060 --> 00:03:22,100
That's Hoyle.
36
00:03:25,220 --> 00:03:29,180
- Hello.
- Hello. Who are you?
37
00:03:29,180 --> 00:03:30,500
I'm Jane Wilde.
38
00:03:30,580 --> 00:03:34,100
- We haven't, have we?
- No.
39
00:03:35,020 --> 00:03:36,700
I'm a friend of Stephen's.
40
00:03:38,020 --> 00:03:41,500
We met at another party and
he invited me to this party.
41
00:03:41,700 --> 00:03:42,620
Isobel!
42
00:03:50,500 --> 00:03:51,740
Hello.
43
00:03:53,460 --> 00:03:55,340
- How are you?
- Fine.
44
00:03:57,300 --> 00:03:59,540
Good. You?
45
00:03:59,540 --> 00:04:03,100
- I'm still fine, thanks!
- Sorry.
46
00:04:03,620 --> 00:04:04,980
Your um�.your...
47
00:04:05,020 --> 00:04:07,900
Oh no, thanks. Thank you very much.
48
00:04:11,220 --> 00:04:16,580
- Oh, they're a terrible fiddle, aren't they.
- Yes. Terrible.
49
00:04:19,980 --> 00:04:20,980
Thanks.
50
00:04:39,980 --> 00:04:41,220
Stephen!
51
00:04:43,020 --> 00:04:49,220
It's a party. People might want to dance.
You can't dance to Wagner.
52
00:05:06,820 --> 00:05:07,980
To Stephen!
53
00:05:14,500 --> 00:05:15,700
Happy birthday.
54
00:05:17,060 --> 00:05:19,300
- Should we go outside?
- What?
55
00:05:29,220 --> 00:05:33,140
It makes me feel...small. Very small.
56
00:05:33,180 --> 00:05:36,020
All that out there. Us, here.
57
00:05:36,020 --> 00:05:42,180
Don't worry. Galileo was wrong.
St. Albans is absolutely the centre of the universe.
58
00:05:42,900 --> 00:05:47,700
- Galileo died, 321 years ago today.
- On your birthday?
59
00:05:47,700 --> 00:05:50,020
Changed the way we
thought about everything.
60
00:05:50,700 --> 00:05:52,700
People are frightened of change.
61
00:05:53,460 --> 00:05:57,300
My father and I used to come out here
in the middle of the night to look at stars.
62
00:05:57,300 --> 00:05:59,900
I actually saw a star die once.
63
00:05:59,900 --> 00:06:07,300
Course it actually happened about 200 000 years ago,
but the news didn't reach St. Albans until 1956 - light's fast, but it isn't that fast.
64
00:06:08,300 --> 00:06:11,060
Sorry. Physics.
65
00:06:12,020 --> 00:06:15,180
They're all so far away.
But they don't seem it, I mean,
66
00:06:15,180 --> 00:06:18,340
you feel like you might stretch and reach
and you might just touch them.
67
00:06:18,380 --> 00:06:21,660
Better hurry up with your stretching and reaching
because they're getting further away.
68
00:06:21,660 --> 00:06:22,700
What?
69
00:06:22,700 --> 00:06:24,140
The galaxy is moving away from us.
70
00:06:24,140 --> 00:06:29,100
The closer ones at about six million miles an hour
and the distant ones at about two hundred million miles an hour.
71
00:06:29,780 --> 00:06:31,380
I believe in God.
72
00:06:32,580 --> 00:06:36,980
- Oh sorry, I just wanted to say it, I don't know why.
- It's alright.
73
00:06:39,220 --> 00:06:42,460
You said you felt small. Does God make you feel less small?
74
00:06:44,100 --> 00:06:48,980
There's nothing wrong with feeling in science, feeling matters.
All the best ideas are felt and argued about later.
75
00:06:48,980 --> 00:06:52,900
Einstein said he could feel in his little finger
if an idea was right.
76
00:06:52,900 --> 00:06:56,180
- So you're in good company. And you like Wagner.
- Actually...
77
00:06:57,220 --> 00:07:02,500
- No, I don't. I think he's ...
- What?
78
00:07:02,500 --> 00:07:05,820
Pompous. And ridiculous.
79
00:07:06,820 --> 00:07:09,940
- Who do you like then?
- Rachmaninoff.
80
00:07:12,900 --> 00:07:14,620
- What?
- Nothing.
81
00:07:15,220 --> 00:07:17,180
Brahms?
82
00:07:17,180 --> 00:07:19,700
- Stephen?
- I didn't say anything.
83
00:07:22,180 --> 00:07:24,900
- The Beatles.
- Who?
84
00:07:24,900 --> 00:07:26,780
- Nevermind.
- Jane?
85
00:07:27,300 --> 00:07:28,300
Yes?
86
00:07:28,980 --> 00:07:31,260
- Please, please me.
- What?
87
00:07:32,580 --> 00:07:34,700
Love me, do.
88
00:07:40,900 --> 00:07:42,900
We should go in.
89
00:07:46,700 --> 00:07:48,820
- I can't get up.
- Come on.
90
00:07:49,020 --> 00:07:51,900
- I can't!
- Very funny!
91
00:07:52,700 --> 00:07:54,460
I can't get up Jane!
92
00:07:58,100 --> 00:07:59,500
I'll go and get help.
93
00:07:59,500 --> 00:08:05,380
Hello? Jane? Hello? Can you hear me?
94
00:08:08,460 --> 00:08:10,700
- What's wrong with you?
- I can't get up.
95
00:08:10,700 --> 00:08:13,700
Well, give me your hand.
96
00:08:17,780 --> 00:08:22,220
- Will it hurt?
- The truth? Yes.
97
00:08:23,780 --> 00:08:24,940
A little bit more.
98
00:08:26,900 --> 00:08:28,900
That's good. Now hold, hold still.
99
00:08:45,900 --> 00:08:49,700
This might be a little bit more uncomfortable.
100
00:08:59,220 --> 00:09:03,020
- How old are you Stephen?
- I'm 21.
101
00:09:05,620 --> 00:09:09,220
- How old are You?
- I'm older than you.
102
00:09:09,220 --> 00:09:13,500
- How much older?
- I'm 33.
103
00:09:14,500 --> 00:09:17,380
Same age as Marilyn Monroe in Some like it hot.
104
00:09:18,980 --> 00:09:20,500
And what do you do?
105
00:09:20,700 --> 00:09:26,100
Oh no, wait let me guess. Umm, insurance salesman?
Or banking maybe?
106
00:09:26,100 --> 00:09:29,700
- I'm a�I'm a cosmologist.
- Oh, good for you!
107
00:09:31,140 --> 00:09:33,380
Just started my PhD.
108
00:09:33,380 --> 00:09:36,700
Or rather I've just started to think about
what my PhD might be.
109
00:09:38,500 --> 00:09:41,220
Now this will take about five minutes.
110
00:09:43,020 --> 00:09:47,540
Sometimes it helps to talk about something completely different.
111
00:09:47,540 --> 00:09:50,300
To take your mind off all this.
112
00:09:50,300 --> 00:09:54,700
And then your time suspended in space will pass more quickly.
113
00:09:57,300 --> 00:10:02,180
- Time and space do not exist independently of each other.
- Is that so?
114
00:10:02,180 --> 00:10:03,780
Or the universe.
115
00:10:04,420 --> 00:10:05,780
Really?
116
00:10:07,700 --> 00:10:13,700
Matter and energy in the universe warp and distort space-time.
117
00:10:17,380 --> 00:10:20,380
Space-time's curved.
118
00:10:51,420 --> 00:10:52,700
Hello?
119
00:10:54,780 --> 00:10:58,900
No. No, we don't know.
120
00:10:59,340 --> 00:11:01,460
Lots of tests.
121
00:11:03,500 --> 00:11:05,700
Yes he is. Goodbye.
122
00:11:07,740 --> 00:11:11,340
- Who was it?
- The girl from the party.
123
00:11:29,220 --> 00:11:35,220
The x-ray of your spine with the dye in shows
that you don't have anything pressing on your spinal cord.
124
00:11:35,220 --> 00:11:39,220
- That's good isn't it?
- It's a process of elimination.
125
00:11:46,700 --> 00:11:48,220
You were a team.
126
00:11:48,220 --> 00:11:51,060
I mean you're both getting the Nobel Prize this evening.
127
00:11:53,700 --> 00:11:55,900
I put him up for the job.
128
00:11:55,900 --> 00:11:58,540
And they wouldn't let me in on an interview.
129
00:11:59,340 --> 00:12:00,820
So I loitered around.
130
00:12:00,820 --> 00:12:04,380
And when Bob and the interview committee came out
doing their handshakes
131
00:12:04,380 --> 00:12:08,700
and thank you for coming and we'll let you know, I moved in.
132
00:12:09,700 --> 00:12:13,780
You gave him the job, right?
You gave Bob the job, didn't you?
133
00:12:14,900 --> 00:12:20,460
There was this kind of embarrassed pause,
so I told them straight.
134
00:12:20,460 --> 00:12:26,820
Bob and I are gonna walk down the corridor right here
and right out that door right there.
135
00:12:26,820 --> 00:12:33,420
And if you don't want Bob to have a job that he was born to do,
then you call it before we go through that door.
136
00:12:35,060 --> 00:12:37,940
- Longest walk of my life.
- Sixty two paces.
137
00:12:37,940 --> 00:12:39,740
And we never looked back.
138
00:13:04,180 --> 00:13:06,700
- They won't tell me what they're thinking.
- Doctors don't.
139
00:13:06,700 --> 00:13:10,100
- They don't know themselves yet.
- I'm a doctor, Isobel, I know what they're like.
140
00:13:10,100 --> 00:13:13,260
- You're tropical disease expert, dad.
- I know doctors!
141
00:13:15,700 --> 00:13:17,900
- What Isobel?
- Nothing.
142
00:13:18,580 --> 00:13:20,300
I'll arrange for you to have a private room.
143
00:13:20,300 --> 00:13:21,700
No.
144
00:13:21,700 --> 00:13:24,020
I'll stay on the ward like everyone else.
145
00:14:12,700 --> 00:14:15,940
So, have you applied for Oxford or Cambridge?
146
00:14:16,980 --> 00:14:18,980
They don't want me.
147
00:14:19,020 --> 00:14:21,100
I was thinking of Westfield.
148
00:14:21,780 --> 00:14:24,180
It's an all ladies college.
149
00:14:26,820 --> 00:14:30,020
On the Burton model, I suppose.
150
00:14:30,020 --> 00:14:31,780
And..and it's quite�
151
00:14:32,500 --> 00:14:35,660
Scrabble. Let's play scrabble.
152
00:14:49,140 --> 00:14:50,020
Leukaemia.
153
00:14:52,660 --> 00:14:54,300
He's twelve.
154
00:15:07,700 --> 00:15:09,020
It was beautiful.
155
00:15:09,020 --> 00:15:12,820
I came out of the woods and there it was.
A perfect piece of equipment.
156
00:15:12,820 --> 00:15:14,060
The antenna.
157
00:15:14,060 --> 00:15:18,500
A great big horn like a gramophone horn
lying on its side.
158
00:15:18,500 --> 00:15:20,820
The size of a house.
159
00:15:20,820 --> 00:15:24,580
In the middle of a field, on a hill,
20 miles out of New York City.
160
00:15:25,580 --> 00:15:27,860
- Picking up the hiss.
- Pointing at the stars.
161
00:15:27,860 --> 00:15:29,220
And picking up the hiss.
162
00:15:29,220 --> 00:15:31,300
And at the first time I saw that horn,
you know what?
163
00:15:32,020 --> 00:15:34,300
- Well, they flew right out of her.
- Who?
164
00:15:34,300 --> 00:15:35,260
The pigeons.
165
00:15:35,260 --> 00:15:38,460
The twenty foot horn had a couple of pigeons living inside it.
166
00:15:38,460 --> 00:15:40,100
- Pigeons?
- Pigeons!
167
00:15:40,140 --> 00:15:43,820
What was it for, the 20 foot horn?
Apart from pigeon nesting.
168
00:15:44,420 --> 00:15:47,140
We wanted to measure noise
from the outer edges of the Milky Way.
169
00:15:47,140 --> 00:15:49,860
- Arno built a cold load.
- What's that?
170
00:15:49,860 --> 00:15:53,620
- Five imperial gallons of liquid helium.
- You know how much helium that is?
171
00:15:53,620 --> 00:15:55,060
It's a hell of a quantity of helium.
172
00:15:55,060 --> 00:15:59,460
Gives you an unbelievably accurate reference
against which you can measure the noise you receive.
173
00:15:59,460 --> 00:16:02,700
Arno was very precise.
He makes these things better than anyone.
174
00:16:02,700 --> 00:16:05,540
- Maybe it's the German in me.
- You're German?
175
00:16:05,540 --> 00:16:08,420
First six years of my life and a big chunk
of my temperament.
176
00:16:11,300 --> 00:16:12,580
Bob made a great switch.
177
00:16:12,620 --> 00:16:16,260
To connect the receiver alternately to the antenna
and the cold load reference.
178
00:16:16,260 --> 00:16:17,900
Were you born in Germany?
179
00:16:18,700 --> 00:16:22,660
- When? The 1940's?
- No. 1930's.
180
00:16:23,220 --> 00:16:24,500
Noise is heat.
181
00:16:24,500 --> 00:16:28,180
The higher the heat the more intense the noise.
182
00:16:28,220 --> 00:16:31,460
You may wanna ask, did we get noise?
183
00:16:31,460 --> 00:16:34,420
We got a lot of noise. Which means a lot of heat.
184
00:16:34,460 --> 00:16:37,420
Far more than a Milky Way should have given us.
185
00:16:37,420 --> 00:16:39,500
That was our work from then on in.
186
00:16:39,500 --> 00:16:44,020
Day after day, what's all this heat?
What the hell is this hiss?!
187
00:17:03,860 --> 00:17:05,900
Died in the night, poor lamb.
188
00:17:21,940 --> 00:17:24,020
What's happening to me?
189
00:17:24,020 --> 00:17:28,540
- Usually, I would sit down with the patient and his family�
- Please.
190
00:17:31,500 --> 00:17:33,900
Motor neurone disease.
191
00:17:35,460 --> 00:17:37,700
What, what is it, what happens?
192
00:17:37,700 --> 00:17:43,380
Motor neurones in the brain,
which signal movement, they are dying.
193
00:17:43,420 --> 00:17:44,340
So?
194
00:17:44,820 --> 00:17:54,900
The brain stops telling muscles to move, the signal's not sent,
the muscles are not used, so they waste away slowly.
195
00:17:54,900 --> 00:18:00,460
- How slowly?
- Muscle wastage causes immobility.
196
00:18:00,460 --> 00:18:05,100
- How slowly?
- It's gradual paralysis.
197
00:18:05,100 --> 00:18:07,780
And then, then what?
198
00:18:07,820 --> 00:18:11,580
The respiratory muscles unlike most other muscles,
work automatically.
199
00:18:11,580 --> 00:18:16,700
- Breathing.
- Yes. They don't waste away so quickly.
200
00:18:16,700 --> 00:18:20,180
- But they do, they do waste away.
- Yes.
201
00:18:22,300 --> 00:18:26,180
So what, I won't be able to breathe properly?
202
00:18:27,420 --> 00:18:31,940
Or I won't be able to breathe at all,
something like, um, drowning?
203
00:18:33,140 --> 00:18:35,100
What about the brain, I mean the brain itself?
204
00:18:36,900 --> 00:18:38,700
Untouched.
205
00:18:39,780 --> 00:18:41,700
The brain is left untouched.
206
00:19:50,300 --> 00:19:53,060
He's young, that'll work in his favour.
207
00:19:54,700 --> 00:19:55,780
Frank?
208
00:19:59,220 --> 00:20:07,660
I remember when he was about eight years old
and we were in the garden with a telescope.
209
00:20:09,020 --> 00:20:13,500
And Stephen said to me:
where do stars come from?
210
00:20:13,500 --> 00:20:16,180
I didn't know the answer.
211
00:20:16,700 --> 00:20:21,220
And you called him into bed and...
212
00:20:21,220 --> 00:20:24,820
...he wanted to know the answer to his question very badly.
213
00:20:28,140 --> 00:20:32,340
And I said not to worry,
I'd find out for him.
214
00:20:37,380 --> 00:20:38,820
I never did.
215
00:20:42,260 --> 00:20:46,700
- You've never been a sentimental man, Frank.
- No.
216
00:20:46,700 --> 00:20:51,700
- I don't think we can afford for you to start now.
- I looked it up.
217
00:20:52,580 --> 00:20:57,820
The younger you are when you get motor neurone disease,
the quicker the deterioration.
218
00:20:59,700 --> 00:21:01,700
Being young is a�
219
00:21:02,820 --> 00:21:04,780
...is a bad thing Isobel.
220
00:21:07,500 --> 00:21:10,140
Two years probably, no more.
221
00:21:14,180 --> 00:21:17,700
- Then we must support him.
- Yes.
222
00:21:19,900 --> 00:21:23,860
You do it by carrying on!
223
00:21:23,860 --> 00:21:28,100
You do it, by living and carrying on!
224
00:21:28,100 --> 00:21:33,420
He's going back to Cambridge, to his life.
225
00:21:33,620 --> 00:21:36,300
- Do you know what Hoyle says?
- What?
226
00:21:36,300 --> 00:21:40,220
If you could drive the car straight upwards,
you'd reach space in half an hour.
227
00:21:40,220 --> 00:21:42,340
How long to drive around the Milky Way?
228
00:21:42,660 --> 00:21:46,820
You multiply the diameter of the galaxy
by the distance of one light year.
229
00:21:46,820 --> 00:21:49,380
- Easy.
- The calculation?
230
00:21:49,420 --> 00:21:52,860
The car. Just been to India and back, remember?
231
00:21:54,940 --> 00:21:58,820
- How long does it take to complete a PhD?
- Depends on the subject.
232
00:21:58,820 --> 00:22:02,340
- With the fair-wind?
- With the fair-wind and a good brain, two years.
233
00:22:04,300 --> 00:22:07,860
- What's the name of your supervisor?
- Sciama. Dennis Sciama.
234
00:22:11,340 --> 00:22:19,380
5 869 713,6 million miles - around the Milky Way.
235
00:22:20,660 --> 00:22:25,980
The heat we were receiving from out there,
should have been two degrees colder than the cold load, the reference.
236
00:22:25,980 --> 00:22:29,460
- But it was hotter, three degrees hotter.
- Hotter than the Milky Way could produce.
237
00:22:29,460 --> 00:22:32,460
Hotter than the sum of all the galaxies beyond.
So we think..
238
00:22:32,460 --> 00:22:34,300
It had to be something closer to home.
239
00:22:34,300 --> 00:22:37,820
We had an idea. Was that you who had the idea?
240
00:22:37,820 --> 00:22:43,700
I don't remember. Oh we had a whole laundry list of ideas.
Maybe it was me. Maybe it was you.
241
00:22:43,700 --> 00:22:44,700
You were a team.
242
00:22:45,940 --> 00:22:48,580
- Maybe it was me.
- What was the idea?
243
00:22:49,300 --> 00:22:55,060
There was some high-altitude bomb testing back in the 50's.
Maybe it's the leftover radiation, maybe our hiss is fallout.
244
00:22:55,060 --> 00:22:57,620
But it would've diminished over the time
and what we were getting�
245
00:22:57,620 --> 00:23:01,540
- Totally constant. No diminishing.
- Back to the laundry list.
246
00:24:10,980 --> 00:24:12,700
Sciama.
247
00:24:13,900 --> 00:24:16,180
Dennis, yes.
248
00:24:18,620 --> 00:24:21,900
I don't know. S-H-A-R-M-A?
249
00:24:23,660 --> 00:24:25,540
Um, I think it's Italian.
250
00:25:16,500 --> 00:25:17,700
Dennis Sciama?
251
00:25:18,420 --> 00:25:20,180
- Yes?
- Frank Hawking.
252
00:25:59,660 --> 00:26:00,700
Hello, young man.
253
00:26:04,180 --> 00:26:06,900
- Do I know you?
- Stephen Hawking.
254
00:26:08,580 --> 00:26:13,340
- I applied for you to supervise my PhD.
- Too busy was I?
255
00:26:13,340 --> 00:26:14,900
Yes I think so.
256
00:26:17,140 --> 00:26:21,100
- Brains, balls and cash.
- I'm sorry?
257
00:26:21,100 --> 00:26:23,980
Physics, in this country, it's a battlefield and a bloody one.
258
00:26:23,980 --> 00:26:28,380
You need brains, which ought to be enough, but it isn't cause you need cash
to fund whatever you're brain's working on,...
259
00:26:28,380 --> 00:26:32,900
...and to get cash out of anyone in this country you need balls,
because they'll try and stop you.
260
00:26:34,180 --> 00:26:35,260
You'll see.
261
00:26:35,260 --> 00:26:36,700
You found a subject?
262
00:26:38,060 --> 00:26:39,660
Any ideas?
263
00:26:41,700 --> 00:26:45,700
- I don't know yet.
- Well when you do, remember this.
264
00:26:46,140 --> 00:26:51,900
You'll have to fight for what you believe in
tooth and nail or the buggers will stop you.
265
00:27:02,500 --> 00:27:08,300
Physics means everything to him.
I want him to be happy, Mr. Sciama.
266
00:27:08,300 --> 00:27:13,580
- What can I do?
- I want you to set him a question that he can...finish.
267
00:27:13,580 --> 00:27:19,700
Something easy enough for him to finish�before he dies.
268
00:27:20,700 --> 00:27:24,220
Could you do that? Please?
269
00:27:27,580 --> 00:27:32,180
My students and my science are everything to me.
270
00:27:33,260 --> 00:27:35,220
I try to be true to both.
271
00:27:36,100 --> 00:27:41,420
Which is why I can't do what you ask me Dr. Hawking.
272
00:27:43,820 --> 00:27:44,740
I'm sorry.
273
00:27:57,060 --> 00:28:02,340
Cosmology. The ghetto science.
All speculation and no proof.
274
00:28:02,340 --> 00:28:03,500
The ghetto science?
275
00:28:03,500 --> 00:28:05,540
How did we get here, where are we going,
what is time?
276
00:28:05,540 --> 00:28:08,060
- It asks all the big questions.
- Stephen!
277
00:28:09,300 --> 00:28:12,420
Have you got a subject?
Have you brought a big idea back with you?
278
00:28:12,420 --> 00:28:15,060
- No.
- Plenty of time. Plenty of time.
279
00:28:15,060 --> 00:28:17,940
The greatest achievement of physics
in the twentieth century -
280
00:28:17,940 --> 00:28:22,660
Rutherford, Oppenheimer, what have they given us?
The atomic bomb?
281
00:28:22,660 --> 00:28:26,100
What's the point in asking, how we got here
and where are we going,
282
00:28:26,100 --> 00:28:29,620
if Einstein and your mob
have already got us ready for anything.
283
00:28:29,620 --> 00:28:33,700
Blaming Einstein for that is like blaming Isaac Newton
for plane crashes because he discovered gravity.
284
00:28:33,900 --> 00:28:38,940
Very clever, very smart.
But smartness isn't the real world, is it?
285
00:28:38,940 --> 00:28:42,900
- Cosmologists aren't interested in the real world.
- You see that girl?
286
00:28:43,660 --> 00:28:47,780
- What about her?
- Stephen's going to make her fall in love with him.
287
00:28:49,260 --> 00:28:52,460
- Using only Einstein's theory of relativity.
- What???
288
00:28:52,860 --> 00:28:56,340
- A pound says it can't be done.
- I really don't think this is a good idea.
289
00:28:56,540 --> 00:28:59,700
The honour and integrity of our entire subject
is at stake here.
290
00:29:00,500 --> 00:29:03,700
Alright, alright, I'll do it.
291
00:29:04,020 --> 00:29:05,460
One gin and tonic and I think that's -
292
00:29:05,460 --> 00:29:06,860
Excuse me, have you got the time please?
293
00:29:07,660 --> 00:29:10,700
I make it half past seven.
What time do you make it?
294
00:29:11,340 --> 00:29:14,100
- You already know the time.
- I know my time.
295
00:29:15,620 --> 00:29:17,100
Are you trying to be funny?
296
00:29:17,660 --> 00:29:20,180
Time's not a universal quantity.
297
00:29:20,580 --> 00:29:26,820
We used to think that it was, we used to think that it was just there,
marching on at the same pace for everyone everywhere,...
298
00:29:26,820 --> 00:29:29,900
...like a railway track that stretched to infinity.
299
00:29:29,900 --> 00:29:34,020
Time was eternal. Now we know that it isn't.
300
00:29:35,700 --> 00:29:38,700
- Wow.
- You have to know this is incredibly important.
301
00:29:39,940 --> 00:29:43,780
Time's not a background thing,
it's not an absolute, it can switch,
302
00:29:43,820 --> 00:29:46,580
everything else is measured. It's dynamic.
303
00:29:47,020 --> 00:29:49,740
- Dynamic?
- Active.
304
00:29:49,740 --> 00:29:51,540
- Active?
- Wonderful.
305
00:29:51,540 --> 00:29:54,420
If you were to travel East very very quickly -
306
00:29:54,420 --> 00:29:57,980
- Out of sight, to the Far East?
- The Far far East.
307
00:29:57,980 --> 00:29:59,900
Oh completely out of sight.
308
00:29:59,900 --> 00:30:06,020
Yes, completely out of sight. And I stayed here
your time would slow down relative to mine.
309
00:30:09,220 --> 00:30:14,820
- Like I'd get really really slow...
- If you went very very fast.
310
00:30:16,100 --> 00:30:22,580
If I went very very fast,
I'd get really really slow.
311
00:30:22,620 --> 00:30:25,300
Your time would, relative to mine.
312
00:30:27,220 --> 00:30:28,820
Totally out of sight.
313
00:30:33,620 --> 00:30:35,300
Time's very important.
314
00:30:41,140 --> 00:30:47,300
- What star sign are you?
- What? I don't know.
315
00:30:52,980 --> 00:30:55,060
- You alright?
- Fine.
316
00:30:56,700 --> 00:30:58,660
- Beer?
- Yes please.
317
00:31:04,420 --> 00:31:06,540
Did you want another?
318
00:31:07,780 --> 00:31:08,900
Who is that?
319
00:31:08,900 --> 00:31:13,300
Roger Penrose. Brilliant brain.
He'll be a professor within three years.
320
00:31:13,300 --> 00:31:14,980
Sorry, could I?
321
00:31:16,120 --> 00:31:17,380
The thing is just then, um...
322
00:31:17,705 --> 00:31:19,305
I was thinking about
mathematics and not beer,
323
00:31:19,330 --> 00:31:21,330
and sometimes when I'm thinking
in a number of different dimensions
324
00:31:21,340 --> 00:31:23,540
I can't come back very
quickly to words and beer,
325
00:31:23,550 --> 00:31:25,150
and whether I want more of it.
326
00:31:25,160 --> 00:31:26,900
It's because of the
pictures in my head, uh...
327
00:31:26,925 --> 00:31:29,625
I don't know how to make
the words come. You see...
328
00:31:30,700 --> 00:31:33,220
- Pint or...?
- Yes, please.
329
00:32:47,700 --> 00:32:50,940
Poor orchestration, overly romantic,
Wagner despised him.
330
00:32:50,940 --> 00:32:52,260
The feeling was mutual.
331
00:32:52,260 --> 00:32:55,020
- What?
- Brahms despised Wagner.
332
00:32:55,020 --> 00:32:56,940
Well you can't get compare the two.
For one thing the...
333
00:32:56,940 --> 00:32:58,660
- Stephen!
- Yes?
334
00:32:58,700 --> 00:33:00,020
Hello.
335
00:33:02,180 --> 00:33:03,140
Hello.
336
00:33:10,260 --> 00:33:13,700
- Are you alright?
- I'm fine.
337
00:33:32,900 --> 00:33:36,100
- Denmark's a prison.
- Then is the world one.
338
00:33:36,140 --> 00:33:41,820
A goodly one; in which there are many confines,
wards and dungeons. Denmark being o' of the worst.
339
00:33:41,820 --> 00:33:44,340
We think not so, my Lord.
340
00:33:44,340 --> 00:33:50,500
Why then, 'tis none to you; for there is nothing
either good or bad, but thinking makes it so:
341
00:33:50,500 --> 00:33:52,140
to me it is a prison.
342
00:33:52,140 --> 00:33:56,740
Why then your ambition makes it one;
'tis too narrow for your mind.
343
00:33:57,900 --> 00:34:04,740
Oh God, I cold be bounded in a nut shell,
and count myself a king of infinite space,
344
00:34:04,740 --> 00:34:07,380
were it not that I have bad dreams.
345
00:34:12,300 --> 00:34:13,580
What are you thinking?
346
00:34:14,580 --> 00:34:19,700
- I was...thinking about Einstein and relativity.
- Oh!
347
00:34:19,700 --> 00:34:21,700
- And stars.
- Oh.
348
00:34:22,460 --> 00:34:26,180
It's possible for a perfect star to collapse into nothingness.
349
00:34:26,180 --> 00:34:28,980
If it's a perfect sphere then it can collapse
and become infinitely dense,
350
00:34:29,020 --> 00:34:34,020
so dense that everything is pulled down into nothing.
But the conditions have to be right.
351
00:34:34,020 --> 00:34:35,700
What conditions?
352
00:34:36,340 --> 00:34:48,740
If it is a perfect sphere, if the place be very moving,
if the evening's very beautiful, the conditions have to be ideal.
353
00:34:48,740 --> 00:34:53,700
It's possible for the pull of gravity
to stop everything escaping.
354
00:34:55,060 --> 00:34:56,660
Everything in nothing.
355
00:34:59,700 --> 00:35:03,500
- Oh no!
- Wasn't that bad, was it?
356
00:35:03,500 --> 00:35:06,100
My bag, I left it in the theatre.
357
00:35:06,100 --> 00:35:07,500
Ah...
358
00:35:10,580 --> 00:35:11,900
Shall we?
359
00:35:15,820 --> 00:35:18,380
Oh we can see a star, look.
There, you see?
360
00:35:20,700 --> 00:35:22,020
Found it!
361
00:35:29,940 --> 00:35:34,820
Hamlet doesn't act. That's his fatal flaw,
if he acted, if he did something -
362
00:35:34,820 --> 00:35:37,660
- It would be a shorter play.
- He'd save his life.
363
00:36:42,220 --> 00:36:43,940
Everybody wants Fred.
364
00:36:45,700 --> 00:36:47,700
I've been thinking about a subject for you.
365
00:36:49,620 --> 00:36:51,900
- Faraday rotation.
- Boring.
366
00:36:53,820 --> 00:36:58,300
- Mach's principle?
- Formulations I've seen are not well defined.
367
00:37:00,420 --> 00:37:03,020
- They're my formulations.
- Action!
368
00:37:04,860 --> 00:37:07,660
The universe expands.
369
00:37:07,660 --> 00:37:15,140
As galaxies move apart, new galaxies are formed
to fill the gaps left behind.
370
00:37:15,140 --> 00:37:19,700
The new replaces the old at just the right rate.
371
00:37:19,700 --> 00:37:21,940
Nothing changes.
372
00:37:21,940 --> 00:37:29,220
Wherever you are in the universe; Andromeda,
Mars or Scarborough, it always looks the same.
373
00:37:29,220 --> 00:37:30,700
Because it is the same.
374
00:37:32,020 --> 00:37:34,180
I want to do something significant.
375
00:37:34,540 --> 00:37:39,820
The universe is a steady state universe.
376
00:37:39,820 --> 00:37:42,340
- It is very attractive, steady state, right?
- Cut! Thank you.
377
00:37:42,340 --> 00:37:45,700
- And reassuring.
- Yes.
378
00:37:45,700 --> 00:37:48,500
Maybe it's attractive because its reassuring.
379
00:37:48,500 --> 00:37:53,900
Emotionally its far harder to conceive of a universe that's started,
a universe that hasn't always been around.
380
00:37:53,900 --> 00:37:58,500
- Einstein?
- Look what he did when his work looked
like it was predicting there was a beginning to the universe.
381
00:37:58,500 --> 00:38:00,540
He ran away from the prospect to the beginning.
382
00:38:00,540 --> 00:38:04,740
No because he saw that the beginning would mean
a breakdown of all the laws of science.
383
00:38:04,740 --> 00:38:08,060
How can science explain something that isn't there?
384
00:38:08,060 --> 00:38:10,340
That's the thing about the idea of a Big Bang.
385
00:38:10,340 --> 00:38:14,180
The thing about the idea of a Big Bang
is that it's wrong. Irrational and wrong.
386
00:38:14,180 --> 00:38:18,380
It's my term, Big Bang. I made it up.
Do you know why I called it that?
387
00:38:18,380 --> 00:38:23,140
Because it sounds like a cartoon.
Big Bang theory is cartoon physics.
388
00:38:23,140 --> 00:38:25,780
Dennis agrees, with me, don't you Dennis?
Lunch?
389
00:38:27,700 --> 00:38:30,540
- The Pope was a Big Bang man.
- Because?
390
00:38:30,540 --> 00:38:34,460
Because before the Big Bang, there was nothing!
391
00:38:34,460 --> 00:38:37,820
No space, no time, no matter.
392
00:38:37,820 --> 00:38:46,020
No science, no rules, which leaves room for guess who?
Lord God almighty.
393
00:38:46,020 --> 00:38:49,740
Religion is the enemy of science, young man.
394
00:38:49,740 --> 00:38:53,580
If Catholicism had its way, we would all still be living
on a flat Earth at the centre of the universe
395
00:38:53,620 --> 00:38:56,460
with hell down below and heaven just somewhere
to the left of the moon.
396
00:38:58,060 --> 00:39:01,500
This is 1963. God is dead.
397
00:39:01,500 --> 00:39:03,700
Stay away from Big Bangs,
cartoons are bad for you.
398
00:39:09,860 --> 00:39:12,300
- White dielectric material.
- I'm sorry?
399
00:39:12,300 --> 00:39:14,060
Lots of it. Inside the antenna horn.
400
00:39:14,100 --> 00:39:16,220
It had to be it. It had to be the cause of the hiss.
401
00:39:16,220 --> 00:39:18,660
- White dielectric material?
- Yes.
402
00:39:18,660 --> 00:39:21,220
Pigeon shit. All over the horn.
403
00:39:21,220 --> 00:39:23,220
- You know what we did?
- Unbelievable.
404
00:39:23,660 --> 00:39:25,500
- What did you do?
- We posted them.
405
00:39:25,500 --> 00:39:27,220
- The pigeons?
- We posted the pigeons.
406
00:39:27,260 --> 00:39:30,500
The people we work for had internal mail
and offices all over America.
407
00:39:30,500 --> 00:39:32,700
We posted the pigeons as far away
as we could send them.
408
00:39:32,700 --> 00:39:34,300
- Did it work?
- They came home.
409
00:39:34,300 --> 00:39:37,460
- They were homing pigeons.
- They weren't ready to leave.
410
00:39:37,460 --> 00:39:38,700
So what did you do?
411
00:39:39,940 --> 00:39:44,020
- He....he, um...
- We...had the pigeons shot.
412
00:39:44,020 --> 00:39:47,420
- No, Bob had the pigeons shot.
- You killed the pigeons?
413
00:39:47,420 --> 00:39:49,660
- A technician.
- A technician killed the pigeons.
414
00:39:49,660 --> 00:39:52,860
And then we cleared out all the white
dielectric material from inside the horn.
415
00:39:52,860 --> 00:39:57,460
On our hands and knees in our white lab coats,
inside the horn scraping away the white stuff.
416
00:39:57,500 --> 00:39:59,700
- And?
- The pigeons were innocent.
417
00:40:01,740 --> 00:40:06,980
The hiss was still there.
The pigeon shit was not the hiss.
418
00:40:09,820 --> 00:40:11,940
Is that alright? Can I say that on television?
419
00:40:15,900 --> 00:40:17,300
What am I doing wrong Dennis?
420
00:40:22,140 --> 00:40:23,820
- Dennis?
- Yeah.
421
00:40:26,420 --> 00:40:30,740
- Do you hink I could have some more paper?
- Dennis's study. You know where it is.
422
00:40:32,700 --> 00:40:35,820
It's Stephen. I think they're gonna
like each other, you watch.
423
00:40:35,820 --> 00:40:38,540
Another lunch of advanced theoretical physics.
424
00:40:38,540 --> 00:40:40,700
- Hello.
- Hello.
425
00:40:42,540 --> 00:40:48,060
Tomatoes. Could you? Thin slices.
426
00:40:55,380 --> 00:40:59,420
- Hello. Roger Penrose.
- Yes, I know.
427
00:40:59,420 --> 00:41:00,820
Have you two met?
428
00:41:02,380 --> 00:41:06,580
Prosciutto. Help yourselves.
429
00:41:06,940 --> 00:41:14,460
Mozart could go to sleep and wake up with whole symphonies
in his head and no idea how they got there.
430
00:41:14,460 --> 00:41:17,060
A whole symphony in his head, complete.
How can that be?
431
00:41:17,060 --> 00:41:21,380
Music is temporal. How can you pack a whole
symphony into just one moment?
432
00:41:21,380 --> 00:41:25,860
Well maybe it's because music is a way of thinking
that is way beyond language.
433
00:41:25,900 --> 00:41:29,580
Maybe that's what genius is.
Thinking without time.
434
00:41:29,580 --> 00:41:31,620
All roads lead to physics.
435
00:41:31,620 --> 00:41:36,140
I think thought, mathematical thought,
can exist completely without words.
436
00:41:36,140 --> 00:41:41,060
I don't think thinking is verbal.
In fact, I think words come in the way.
437
00:41:41,060 --> 00:41:42,380
I think you can do it without words.
438
00:41:55,820 --> 00:41:59,060
Poets have always been obsessed with time.
439
00:41:59,060 --> 00:42:04,060
- Shrinking it, controlling it, stopping it.
- T. S. Eliot?
440
00:42:04,060 --> 00:42:07,620
"Time present and time past are both perhaps
present in time future,
441
00:42:07,620 --> 00:42:10,740
and time future contained
in time past."
442
00:42:10,740 --> 00:42:13,660
Rupert Brooke:
"Stands the church clock still at ten to three?"
443
00:42:13,660 --> 00:42:17,740
Blake: "To see a world in grain of sand
and a heaven in a wild flower,
444
00:42:17,740 --> 00:42:21,940
hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
and eternity in an hour."
445
00:42:22,700 --> 00:42:25,100
- L. I. Merick.
- Who?
446
00:42:26,740 --> 00:42:30,660
"There was a young lady named Bright,
whose speed was faster than light.
447
00:42:30,660 --> 00:42:34,540
She set out one day in a relative way
and returned on the previous night."
448
00:42:42,340 --> 00:42:44,580
- It's unstable.
- Sorry?
449
00:42:44,580 --> 00:42:47,100
- Go on.
- It's unstable.
450
00:42:47,100 --> 00:42:53,340
You need a negative energy field in order to create
the new matter, which makes it unstable.
451
00:42:53,380 --> 00:42:56,700
- Hoyle's steady state?
- It's problem, isn't it?
452
00:42:57,260 --> 00:42:58,020
Isn't it?
453
00:43:23,540 --> 00:43:28,060
- You like Hawking very much, don't you?
- Hm.
454
00:43:28,060 --> 00:43:30,220
- Will he have the time?
- What?
455
00:43:30,220 --> 00:43:33,220
Does he have enough time left to get what he's after?
456
00:43:35,180 --> 00:43:36,580
I hope so.
457
00:43:58,900 --> 00:44:02,700
A time-symmetric new theory of gravity.
It's brilliant. Hoyle at his best.
458
00:44:04,420 --> 00:44:07,780
- Did you start as his PhD student?
- Are you after my job?
459
00:44:07,780 --> 00:44:08,900
- Did you?
- Are you?
460
00:44:09,740 --> 00:44:12,700
- No.
- Yes. He's a great scientist.
461
00:44:13,940 --> 00:44:18,260
His work on the production of uranium inside
stars is - what's the word...
462
00:44:18,260 --> 00:44:20,700
Beautiful. And so is this.
463
00:44:21,620 --> 00:44:25,460
I do the checking. It should be refereed by a committee
but Hoyle doesn't have time.
464
00:44:25,460 --> 00:44:26,700
Can I see it?
465
00:44:46,220 --> 00:44:49,940
- I have to go.
- Just give me a few more minutes.
466
00:44:49,940 --> 00:44:53,140
- I have to go now.
- Leave it with me.
467
00:44:54,460 --> 00:44:57,060
- OK, but don't -
- What? Eat it?
468
00:45:02,380 --> 00:45:04,580
Just leave it on my desk.
469
00:47:41,940 --> 00:47:43,220
Up early?
470
00:47:44,700 --> 00:47:47,500
- Are you alright?
- Yes, fine.
471
00:47:48,300 --> 00:47:50,300
You look like you've had a wild night.
472
00:47:52,060 --> 00:47:53,220
Something like that.
473
00:47:54,340 --> 00:47:56,300
So the Royal Society this afternoon?
474
00:47:58,300 --> 00:48:00,300
- You're giving the paper today?
- Yes.
475
00:48:01,460 --> 00:48:03,900
You remember Stephen Hawking?
476
00:49:20,820 --> 00:49:26,740
The new theory we have formulated differs
in its global implications from the usual theory in that,
477
00:49:26,740 --> 00:49:34,140
whereas in the usual theory the negative sign at the constant
of proportionality which appers in the field equations,
478
00:49:34,140 --> 00:49:36,180
is chosen arbitrarily.
479
00:49:37,420 --> 00:49:40,500
In the new theory, there's no such ambiguity.
480
00:49:40,500 --> 00:49:49,980
The sign must be minus, and further the magnitude of g
follows on from a determination of the mean density of matter,
481
00:49:49,980 --> 00:49:55,060
thereby enabling the cosmologist to know
how hard he'll hit the ground if he falls off a cliff.
482
00:49:58,740 --> 00:49:59,900
Any questions?
483
00:50:12,580 --> 00:50:14,300
You want to say something young man?
484
00:50:18,100 --> 00:50:20,220
Your calculation is wrong.
485
00:50:21,940 --> 00:50:24,100
The advanced field diverges.
486
00:50:24,620 --> 00:50:30,900
- The advanced field does not diverge.
- I'm afraid it does. It's all wrong.
487
00:50:33,220 --> 00:50:36,100
Would you like to tell us how you know this,
young man?
488
00:50:37,700 --> 00:50:39,100
I worked it out.
489
00:50:44,980 --> 00:50:49,580
- You worked it out during the lecture?
- No, I had a privileged early glimpse at the paper.
490
00:50:49,580 --> 00:50:51,740
- Who put you up to that?
- What?
491
00:50:51,740 --> 00:50:54,740
That stunt in there. Who put you up to it, eh?
492
00:50:54,780 --> 00:50:59,340
- Somebody's put you up to sabotaging me.
- It's just wrong, that's all. I had to say it, didn't I?
493
00:51:00,900 --> 00:51:02,180
The physics is wrong.
494
00:51:04,500 --> 00:51:06,980
Why did you show him the paper?
495
00:51:08,340 --> 00:51:10,860
I hate them being shown to any bugger.
496
00:51:21,780 --> 00:51:27,580
- Science isn't theatre.
- It needed to be said.
497
00:51:27,580 --> 00:51:28,700
In that way?
498
00:51:31,260 --> 00:51:33,220
How long has it been, since you've started with me?
499
00:51:35,020 --> 00:51:39,140
- You don't like the idea of me attacking steady state theory...
- You didn't answer my question.
500
00:51:39,140 --> 00:51:44,460
- ...because you're a steady state man yourself.
- OK, I'll answer it for you. Twelve months.
501
00:51:44,860 --> 00:51:49,940
- So the idea of me attacking the steady state theory...
-My father ran a cotton mill.
502
00:51:49,940 --> 00:51:54,820
When I was twenty-one, I told him
I wanted to be a physicist. He hated the idea.
503
00:51:54,820 --> 00:51:57,740
He wanted me to take over the business from him.
504
00:51:57,740 --> 00:52:02,300
So he told me that I couldn't be a physicist,
unless I got a fellowship to pay for it.
505
00:52:02,300 --> 00:52:06,700
He thought I wouldn't get it.
He thought I would buckle.
506
00:52:06,700 --> 00:52:09,940
- And I worked like a dog...
- What does this have to do with me attacking steady state...
507
00:52:09,940 --> 00:52:12,420
I know what it is like to have obstacles in your path.
508
00:52:12,420 --> 00:52:17,460
I know what it's like to be told you can't do something.
That's why I became a teacher.
509
00:52:18,260 --> 00:52:24,780
I would never, ever stop a student of mine from pursuing
something because I didn't agree with their opinion. Never.
510
00:52:25,940 --> 00:52:28,860
I know you can do more than make
brilliant attacks on others.
511
00:52:30,740 --> 00:52:33,780
Do something! All of your own.
512
00:52:34,740 --> 00:52:36,180
Be original.
513
00:52:39,700 --> 00:52:40,180
Look out!
514
00:53:13,420 --> 00:53:14,700
Maybe it's New York!
515
00:53:15,420 --> 00:53:19,220
- Maybe the hiss is New York we said.
- New York? How?
516
00:53:19,220 --> 00:53:26,300
We figured, that if any city in the world can give you
three degress of hot radio noise, it must be the Big Apple.
517
00:53:26,300 --> 00:53:28,540
My family alone could probably make this much hiss.
518
00:53:28,540 --> 00:53:31,660
- We were struggling to think what else it could be.
- You were guessing?
519
00:53:31,660 --> 00:53:37,380
How could we claim to be making very sensitive radio astronomy
measurements, with all that manmade stuff around.
520
00:53:37,380 --> 00:53:43,540
We pointed the antenna at New York City,
all that energy spread out across the northern horizon;
521
00:53:43,540 --> 00:53:51,580
arcing from subway rails, hum from power lines,
the radar amplifier at Kennedy Airport spewing out radio noise by the kilowatt.
522
00:53:51,580 --> 00:53:59,820
And I'm thinking, just maybe, just maybe, this town,
this town of all towns might crank up three degrees of hiss.
523
00:54:00,300 --> 00:54:04,780
You said you were from Germany.
When did you leave Germany?
524
00:54:04,780 --> 00:54:07,180
Maybe we should stop filming?
525
00:54:08,300 --> 00:54:10,180
I came to America when I was six years old.
526
00:54:11,700 --> 00:54:15,140
We lived in a two room apartment in the garment district.
527
00:54:15,180 --> 00:54:18,460
Me, my brother and my parents and
the cockroaches in the kitchen.
528
00:54:19,900 --> 00:54:20,780
We were poor.
529
00:54:22,220 --> 00:54:29,100
That's why I became a physicist. Not to get rich,
not to win the Nobel, to stop being poor.
530
00:54:29,100 --> 00:54:34,180
New York wasn't it. We pointed the 20 foot horn
at the city and it gave us a reasonable amount but -
531
00:54:34,180 --> 00:54:35,900
- Not enough heat.
- Not enough.
532
00:54:36,620 --> 00:54:40,540
To win the Nobel Prize, you
have to find something. Am I right?
533
00:54:40,540 --> 00:54:43,420
It's not about thinking,
or theory...
534
00:54:43,420 --> 00:54:47,540
- It's about discovery.
- But do you have to be looking for the thing that you find?
535
00:54:48,380 --> 00:54:50,820
Science can be slow work.
536
00:54:50,820 --> 00:55:01,020
It's hardly ever about Eureka moments in the bath.
You need precision, tenacity, dedication.
537
00:55:01,020 --> 00:55:02,700
German talents.
538
00:55:08,740 --> 00:55:10,100
Your visitor, Mr. Hawking.
539
00:55:16,420 --> 00:55:20,580
He wouldn't let me out of sight, not once.
Scared that I might run amok, I think.
540
00:55:20,580 --> 00:55:22,100
Rules, rules, rules.
541
00:55:23,660 --> 00:55:26,580
Penrose lecture at London. Otherwise engaged?
542
00:55:31,100 --> 00:55:32,420
Stephen?
You alright?
543
00:55:33,540 --> 00:55:36,700
- Fine. Fine.
- Oh, your two favourite words.
544
00:55:38,300 --> 00:55:42,020
- Is it alright for me to come?
- Fine.
545
00:55:47,420 --> 00:55:48,900
No it's not your turn.
546
00:55:51,860 --> 00:55:53,020
What are you doing?
547
00:55:53,020 --> 00:55:55,580
It's in the rules, I've croqueted you
so I go again.
548
00:56:23,220 --> 00:56:26,180
- Can you keep doing that?
- Of course I can!
549
00:56:30,060 --> 00:56:33,140
It's what you're supposed to do, get your opponent's
ball as far away from yours as possible and then...
550
00:56:34,620 --> 00:56:37,220
What? What, it's what you
do in croquet!
551
00:56:45,300 --> 00:56:48,900
Go on. The Penrose lecture at London,
it's alright.
552
00:56:50,500 --> 00:56:53,660
Go, now!
Work!
553
00:57:32,340 --> 00:57:36,500
You all have big biceps.
You're right armed.
554
00:57:38,100 --> 00:57:43,860
Because you spend half of your lives scrawling
tonnes of chalk dust, across miles of blackboard.
555
00:57:44,300 --> 00:57:45,340
I...
556
00:57:52,580 --> 00:57:53,540
...don't do that.
557
00:57:54,780 --> 00:57:59,060
I have something magic and wonderful
to tell you about.
558
00:57:59,060 --> 00:58:03,700
It's fast, it's rigorous,
and you don't need big muscles.
559
00:58:03,700 --> 00:58:04,860
It's called topology.
560
00:58:05,780 --> 00:58:07,980
Pictures, not equations.
561
00:58:14,260 --> 00:58:19,300
And nothing moves faster than light.
186 000 miles a second, light is the fastest.
562
00:58:19,300 --> 00:58:23,740
Easily fast enought to overcome
the gravity pull of, say, the Sun,
563
00:58:25,460 --> 00:58:27,420
or the Earth, and escape.
564
00:58:28,900 --> 00:58:33,620
The speed is high enough to get away
from the gravity pulling it back.
565
00:58:38,780 --> 00:58:43,020
What if the Sun were more concentrated?
566
00:58:44,380 --> 00:58:47,220
What if the Sun were collapsing?
567
00:58:48,340 --> 00:58:52,820
The density becomes huge,
the gravity pull enormous.
568
00:58:52,820 --> 00:58:56,300
Now nothing can stop
gravity pulling everything in.
569
00:58:57,060 --> 00:58:57,900
Even light.
570
00:58:59,340 --> 00:59:00,980
A singularity forms.
571
00:59:01,780 --> 00:59:04,500
What is a singularity?
A singularity is a place,
572
00:59:04,540 --> 00:59:09,300
where matter, light, space,
573
00:59:11,700 --> 00:59:12,700
- time -
574
00:59:13,780 --> 00:59:20,780
- everything, fold in on themselves
and disappear.
575
00:59:22,260 --> 00:59:25,700
It's profound and total nothingness.
576
00:59:26,300 --> 00:59:27,700
Everything in nothing.
577
00:59:28,820 --> 00:59:32,940
Up until now all of you people,
with your big biceps and your big equations
578
00:59:32,940 --> 00:59:38,100
have always said: "Oh my big equation
is ending in a singularity, I must be wrong!"
579
00:59:38,660 --> 00:59:40,060
It's what frightened Einstein.
580
00:59:40,060 --> 00:59:43,940
Singularities can't exist because the laws
of science don't allow for them.
581
00:59:44,340 --> 00:59:51,420
- Wrong. Singularities do exist.
- For perfect spheres, for idealised stars.
582
00:59:51,420 --> 00:59:53,220
No. For real stars.
583
00:59:54,060 --> 00:59:57,700
Real stars do it too;
singularities are out there.
584
00:59:58,340 --> 01:00:02,460
There are places were science
and rules break down,
585
01:00:02,460 --> 01:00:05,460
where there is no matter,
no space, nothing.
586
01:00:06,220 --> 01:00:10,740
Where everything, including time,
does not exist.
587
01:00:13,540 --> 01:00:18,380
And when a star collapses,
a singularity is inevitable.
588
01:00:35,620 --> 01:00:40,260
Topology doesn't bother with the messy stuff,
abot particles, and how they move,
589
01:00:40,260 --> 01:00:41,300
it's about how things connect.
590
01:00:41,740 --> 01:00:43,660
- Big thinking.
- Big bold thinking.
591
01:00:44,060 --> 01:00:46,580
It takes you into places
where the rules say you can't go.
592
01:00:47,220 --> 01:00:49,620
And it's fast. You say that it's fast.
593
01:00:52,980 --> 01:00:54,900
I've tried to be truthful with you.
594
01:00:54,900 --> 01:00:56,900
I'm not going to stop now.
595
01:00:58,660 --> 01:01:02,860
There's nothing more we can do.
There's no treatment, Stephen.
596
01:01:06,820 --> 01:01:07,620
I'm sorry.
597
01:01:11,980 --> 01:01:13,220
They've washed their hands of him.
598
01:01:14,100 --> 01:01:18,660
- We've got to carry on, Frank.
- Carry on? Carry on?!
599
01:01:18,660 --> 01:01:20,860
We have to do a lot more
than carry on.
600
01:01:21,940 --> 01:01:26,380
Vitamin B, hydroxycobalamin, steroids.
601
01:01:27,140 --> 01:01:30,500
I haven't washed my hands of you,
they're wrong.
602
01:01:30,500 --> 01:01:32,780
You understand? They're wrong,
the lot of them.
603
01:02:31,980 --> 01:02:33,540
You don't ever talk about his illness.
604
01:02:33,580 --> 01:02:37,820
He doesn't speak about it.
We respect that, it's simple, really.
605
01:02:39,100 --> 01:02:43,740
And what do you think of me?
I mean, what do you think I should do?
606
01:02:44,740 --> 01:02:47,100
Sorry, no that's not fair,
don't answer George.
607
01:02:49,260 --> 01:02:52,820
You probably think I should take myself of back
to St. Albans and look for a nice husband.
608
01:02:57,580 --> 01:03:00,140
I think it's terrific you don't talk about
his illness.
609
01:03:21,780 --> 01:03:26,140
The blue lights are picking up the fluorescence
you get in washing powder,
610
01:03:26,180 --> 01:03:28,700
that is why their shirts are illuminated.
611
01:03:29,900 --> 01:03:33,620
- They're very strange!
- The dresses are new.
612
01:03:33,620 --> 01:03:36,300
They haven't been washed,
so they're not fluorescent.
613
01:03:39,300 --> 01:03:41,980
There you are, you see?
Great scientist.
614
01:03:42,900 --> 01:03:47,300
I can tell you all about how
washing powders react under blue light.
615
01:03:47,300 --> 01:03:50,860
One of the great questions of our time.
Whether Tide or Daz is under blue lights!
616
01:03:50,860 --> 01:03:51,860
Do you want to dance?!
617
01:04:03,220 --> 01:04:04,940
I don't know what you should do.
618
01:04:06,740 --> 01:04:08,140
I know what you want.
619
01:04:09,500 --> 01:04:12,900
- House, garden, children, work.
- A life together.
620
01:04:14,700 --> 01:04:15,900
The impossible.
621
01:04:49,220 --> 01:04:53,060
I've been thinking about Galileo and
what you said about him frightening people.
622
01:04:54,580 --> 01:04:58,380
Imagine what if must have felt like
to be told that the Sun didn't go round the Earth.
623
01:04:59,180 --> 01:05:01,460
Horrible! Or that the Earth isn't flat.
624
01:05:01,500 --> 01:05:03,220
It is, isn't it?
625
01:05:03,220 --> 01:05:06,820
Flat, Jane? Don't tell me it isn't flat.
626
01:05:07,780 --> 01:05:14,300
Oh no, oh no! If you look me in the eye now
and tell me it isn't flat, I don't know what I do.
627
01:05:14,300 --> 01:05:20,300
I'd be - inconsolable, totally desolate.
628
01:05:22,700 --> 01:05:23,500
Stephen!
629
01:05:32,980 --> 01:05:36,660
Did you have any idea what it might be?
Did you think you knew?
630
01:05:38,300 --> 01:05:41,820
Or was it just guessing? Is that what you're
trying to say?
631
01:05:43,100 --> 01:05:47,100
A Nobel Prize for guess work?
Is that the story you're after?
632
01:05:47,100 --> 01:05:49,220
Let me tell you something.
Are we still filming?
633
01:05:49,220 --> 01:05:50,420
Good.
634
01:05:51,380 --> 01:05:56,980
In 1939, my mother and father put me on a train
filled with Jewish children heading to England.
635
01:05:56,980 --> 01:05:58,140
Kinder transport.
636
01:05:59,100 --> 01:06:00,140
Are you ok?
637
01:06:00,140 --> 01:06:05,540
The Nazis were letting some children go.
Not the adults, just some children.
638
01:06:07,860 --> 01:06:14,820
At the station my mother looked in to my face
and said to me to look out for my little brother,
639
01:06:14,820 --> 01:06:18,420
not to let our suitcase out of my sight
and don't lose your name tag.
640
01:06:18,460 --> 01:06:20,020
Arno Penzias, here.
641
01:06:20,020 --> 01:06:23,300
You lose your name tag,
you lose your name and you lose everything.
642
01:06:24,420 --> 01:06:26,500
- And she went.
- How old were you?
643
01:06:27,580 --> 01:06:30,380
- I was six.
- Did you see her again?
644
01:06:30,420 --> 01:06:32,220
I was six, my little brother was five.
645
01:06:35,820 --> 01:06:37,100
She didn't cry.
646
01:06:38,940 --> 01:06:43,740
She made like it was a normal thing,
and not crying was part of that.
647
01:06:44,980 --> 01:06:47,620
Can you imagine how hard
it must have been not to cry?
648
01:06:47,620 --> 01:06:50,660
To put your boys on a train like that
and not to cry?
649
01:06:52,660 --> 01:06:54,300
I've hated suitcases ever since.
650
01:06:55,300 --> 01:06:56,500
He likes to unpack.
651
01:06:59,540 --> 01:07:01,340
My mother and my father got out.
652
01:07:02,060 --> 01:07:04,860
Six months later we sailed for America together.
653
01:07:06,420 --> 01:07:12,700
England saved my life.
America gave me a brand new one.
654
01:07:12,700 --> 01:07:16,460
But I never, I never dreamed of this happening.
655
01:07:25,140 --> 01:07:26,540
We discovered this.
656
01:07:27,220 --> 01:07:29,780
We found this, we discovered this.
657
01:07:33,460 --> 01:07:34,500
What is it?
658
01:07:46,860 --> 01:07:47,900
This clock.
659
01:07:49,580 --> 01:07:52,820
It was fine whe I got it. Then I went to America
and it started to run backwards.
660
01:07:54,100 --> 01:07:56,700
Stops my student getting too
complacent about the nature of time.
661
01:07:59,340 --> 01:08:02,860
- I don't know why I came here, I was just...
- The music.
662
01:08:13,180 --> 01:08:17,060
- Bach didn't finish it.
- He died before he finished it.
663
01:08:17,060 --> 01:08:18,780
But it's so perfect.
664
01:08:19,500 --> 01:08:22,580
Everything he's done before is so perfect.
665
01:08:24,140 --> 01:08:25,300
It doesn't end.
666
01:08:26,740 --> 01:08:28,500
You can hear it after it stops.
667
01:08:29,700 --> 01:08:30,700
Listen.
668
01:08:41,620 --> 01:08:42,740
Can you hear it?
669
01:08:46,100 --> 01:08:47,500
Can you hear it?
670
01:09:28,100 --> 01:09:29,460
I'll see you in Cambridge.
671
01:09:41,980 --> 01:09:46,020
- I thought that was us.
- So did I.
672
01:09:46,940 --> 01:09:50,220
- But it wasn't.
- No, it was them.
673
01:09:53,060 --> 01:09:53,980
Backwards now.
674
01:09:55,340 --> 01:09:57,140
We are having a time of it!
675
01:09:58,660 --> 01:10:01,540
It's this platform, platform one.
676
01:10:02,580 --> 01:10:05,820
It's never straightforward, you know.
You don't know what's going to happen next.
677
01:10:06,900 --> 01:10:09,340
Sometimes I tell my husband about it,
but he doesn't listen.
678
01:10:09,340 --> 01:10:11,380
He just says, it's platform one!
679
01:10:11,380 --> 01:10:15,700
It's a Cambridge platform, of course strange
things are going to happen.
680
01:10:15,700 --> 01:10:17,300
It's the platform for Cambridge.
681
01:10:19,060 --> 01:10:21,100
Nobody else knows it's there
apart from...
682
01:10:21,100 --> 01:10:23,540
- Cambridge types.
- Backwards. Backwards!
683
01:10:24,100 --> 01:10:26,700
-Yes dear.
- You reverse time, of course!
684
01:10:26,700 --> 01:10:30,100
- You reverse the direction of time.
- Yes.
685
01:10:31,380 --> 01:10:36,260
- Are you a Cambridge type?
- Yes. And I love you deeply and forever.
686
01:10:42,900 --> 01:10:43,780
Roger!
687
01:10:56,180 --> 01:10:57,540
Roger Penrose!
688
01:10:59,500 --> 01:11:00,620
Stop!
689
01:11:06,820 --> 01:11:08,500
- You all right?
- What would it all look like?
690
01:11:08,500 --> 01:11:12,060
- What?
- What if Einstein was right ?!
691
01:11:12,060 --> 01:11:14,700
- About what?
- Pencil! And some paper!
692
01:11:18,100 --> 01:11:19,220
Chalk.
693
01:11:20,700 --> 01:11:25,740
- Time-space diagram. What comes first?
- Space. Time?
694
01:11:27,420 --> 01:11:31,180
You have to think about reversing
the direction of time.
695
01:11:31,180 --> 01:11:32,620
Time going the other way.
696
01:11:33,100 --> 01:11:35,260
- What? What for?
- Go on, don't stop! Go on!
697
01:11:35,260 --> 01:11:39,260
- Now, the present us.
- Here we are, looking back through time.
698
01:11:40,420 --> 01:11:46,820
- Light, dense matter, in space.
- Warping space-time?
699
01:11:46,820 --> 01:11:50,540
Causing the light rays, bending the light rays
towards the centre.
700
01:11:51,420 --> 01:11:54,180
Look, the past is pear shaped.
701
01:11:54,860 --> 01:11:55,860
What are you saying?
702
01:11:56,420 --> 01:12:01,220
What if the whole of the universe were trapped
in a region whose boundaries reached to zero.
703
01:12:01,220 --> 01:12:02,700
A singularity, nothingness?
704
01:12:03,780 --> 01:12:10,340
Your theory works for collapsing dying stars.
It proves that a singularity must exist.
705
01:12:10,340 --> 01:12:13,820
What if it works for this? Could it work Roger?
What would it mean if it did?
706
01:12:13,820 --> 01:12:15,500
- A collapse in reverse.
- Which is?
707
01:12:15,500 --> 01:12:16,380
An explosion!
708
01:12:18,020 --> 01:12:19,220
Bang!
709
01:12:51,020 --> 01:12:54,020
- Trinity Hall.
- Sorry what?
710
01:12:56,580 --> 01:12:59,180
- Trinity Hall!
- What are you saying?
711
01:13:09,980 --> 01:13:11,700
Write it down.
712
01:13:13,140 --> 01:13:14,580
Why don't you write it down?
713
01:13:22,820 --> 01:13:25,500
- Trinity Hall!
- I'm sorry mate.
714
01:13:25,500 --> 01:13:31,420
- Trinity Hall.
- Oh, right! What's the matter with him?
715
01:13:39,460 --> 01:13:43,420
- Have you heard of Bishop Usher?
- Seventeenth century.
716
01:13:43,420 --> 01:13:46,100
He calculated the date
of the start of the universe.
717
01:13:46,300 --> 01:13:50,100
- How?
- By adding up all the ages of people in the Old Testament.
718
01:13:51,580 --> 01:13:59,140
- And how old is the universe?
- It started at some point at the night
of 22nd October 4004 BC.
719
01:14:00,860 --> 01:14:03,020
- So old!
- So old.
720
01:14:15,500 --> 01:14:17,620
There's something I want to ask you.
721
01:14:17,620 --> 01:14:19,700
Where was I going when I saw you at the station?
722
01:14:20,420 --> 01:14:21,500
No...
723
01:14:24,140 --> 01:14:24,900
Stephen?
724
01:14:26,260 --> 01:14:27,620
- Are you all right?
- Fine.
725
01:14:30,220 --> 01:14:31,660
The thing is...
726
01:14:33,420 --> 01:14:34,740
I was wondering...
727
01:14:36,860 --> 01:14:38,620
...whether you consider marrying me.
728
01:14:42,820 --> 01:14:45,900
- You probably want time to think about it.
- I love you.
729
01:14:45,900 --> 01:14:47,900
Does that mean you're about to say no?
730
01:14:50,140 --> 01:14:51,700
Time.
731
01:14:52,300 --> 01:14:53,900
Time to think.
732
01:16:20,100 --> 01:16:22,260
- Stephen.
- Not now, John.
733
01:18:15,620 --> 01:18:18,300
Think about time going in the opposite direction.
734
01:18:18,900 --> 01:18:19,900
What?
735
01:18:21,860 --> 01:18:23,620
Singularities.
736
01:18:24,660 --> 01:18:28,260
A collapse, everything into nothing, yes?
737
01:18:28,260 --> 01:18:32,540
So reverse the time, so the collapse
is an explosion.
738
01:18:34,180 --> 01:18:37,700
- Nothing into everything.
- You're talking stars.
739
01:18:37,700 --> 01:18:39,940
No, no, I'm not talking about stars.
740
01:18:41,420 --> 01:18:44,620
I'm talking about the beginning
of the universe.
741
01:18:47,460 --> 01:18:49,100
That Roger Penrose.
742
01:18:50,060 --> 01:18:52,140
Clever of me to find him.
743
01:18:53,780 --> 01:18:56,700
- I told you you could help him.
- He helped himself I think.
744
01:18:56,700 --> 01:18:59,220
- That's your other talent.
- What?
745
01:18:59,220 --> 01:19:01,100
Preposterous modesty.
746
01:19:42,660 --> 01:19:45,380
There you are. Where have you been?
747
01:19:45,420 --> 01:19:47,340
Dennis Sciama wants to see you.
748
01:19:47,340 --> 01:19:48,980
He semed very serious.
749
01:20:08,820 --> 01:20:10,500
The first three chapters...
750
01:20:11,540 --> 01:20:12,980
...nothing special.
751
01:20:14,100 --> 01:20:15,620
The fourth...
752
01:20:17,780 --> 01:20:18,900
Mozart.
753
01:20:29,420 --> 01:20:31,140
Oh! Hello.
754
01:20:32,860 --> 01:20:36,740
- Jane, women waren't allowed.
- No, not allowed. Against the rules!
755
01:20:37,860 --> 01:20:40,860
I...I'll go.
756
01:20:40,860 --> 01:20:42,500
Hello.
757
01:20:43,740 --> 01:20:44,500
Goodbye.
758
01:20:45,980 --> 01:20:46,980
I, er...
759
01:20:47,980 --> 01:20:50,700
I have to go and see the bursar at Caius.
760
01:20:52,660 --> 01:20:54,820
They've given me a fellowship.
761
01:20:57,220 --> 01:20:58,700
Are you coming?
762
01:21:14,100 --> 01:21:18,060
It's the same rule for everyone at Caius.
No special treatment when it comes to housing.
763
01:21:18,060 --> 01:21:21,660
- I'm not like all the rest.
- That's what they all say.
764
01:21:21,900 --> 01:21:25,140
You listen to me. And listen very carefully.
765
01:21:25,740 --> 01:21:27,740
This man cannot walk upstairs.
766
01:21:27,740 --> 01:21:30,300
His illness won't allow it
and his illness will get worse.
767
01:21:30,300 --> 01:21:34,100
He needs housing with easy access
and you are going to find it for him,
768
01:21:34,100 --> 01:21:37,420
because if you don't all the newspapers
will hear about how the bursar of this college
769
01:21:37,420 --> 01:21:44,300
treats a man of huge courage, a brilliant mind
and a capacity to imagine faith like...
770
01:21:44,300 --> 01:21:47,180
like a piece of nothing.
Do you understand me?
771
01:21:47,180 --> 01:21:48,900
And he's going to be my husband.
772
01:21:57,980 --> 01:22:02,140
What he's done is to make Einstein work.
773
01:22:02,140 --> 01:22:04,180
He's made Einstein...
774
01:22:05,660 --> 01:22:10,500
There's a word that physicists like to use
very occasionally.
775
01:22:10,500 --> 01:22:11,900
"Beautiful."
776
01:22:13,460 --> 01:22:15,420
He's made Einstein beautiful.
777
01:22:15,860 --> 01:22:17,220
Yes but what...
778
01:22:17,940 --> 01:22:19,300
What has he done?
779
01:22:20,340 --> 01:22:26,420
Your son has opened up something which I thought,
we all thought, was closed.
780
01:22:28,100 --> 01:22:32,660
Einstein appeared to be predicting it
and then he turned away.
781
01:22:33,780 --> 01:22:35,300
There could have been a beginning.
782
01:22:37,060 --> 01:22:38,700
The universe...
783
01:22:40,660 --> 01:22:42,980
... may not always have been here.
784
01:22:45,420 --> 01:22:49,900
If you are right, which you are not,
there should be some left over radiation from the Big Bang
785
01:22:49,900 --> 01:22:51,740
and somebody should have heard it.
786
01:22:51,740 --> 01:22:53,980
But they haven't, have they?
787
01:22:54,620 --> 01:22:56,580
I wonder why that could be?
788
01:22:56,580 --> 01:22:58,100
Could it be because it isn't there?
789
01:23:00,180 --> 01:23:02,300
Where's the fossil, Hawking?
790
01:23:02,300 --> 01:23:03,620
Where's the fossil?
791
01:23:19,940 --> 01:23:21,300
We have to go.
792
01:23:23,020 --> 01:23:26,300
It connects, do you understand?
793
01:23:27,620 --> 01:23:29,900
It goes right through Dachau.
794
01:23:29,900 --> 01:23:31,500
Right through childhood.
795
01:23:31,900 --> 01:23:36,820
Right through cockroaches and suitcases
and right through America and the American dream,
796
01:23:36,820 --> 01:23:38,500
which I have lived.
797
01:23:40,820 --> 01:23:42,140
Do you understand me?
798
01:23:44,380 --> 01:23:47,060
This noise...
799
01:23:47,060 --> 01:23:49,700
...this goddamn beautiful hiss...
800
01:23:51,460 --> 01:23:53,020
...it connects.
801
01:23:55,980 --> 01:23:58,620
It's the sound of the beginning of time.
802
01:24:00,420 --> 01:24:03,140
The leftover heat from the Big Bang.
803
01:24:04,020 --> 01:24:07,460
The three degrees that hasn't cooled yet.
804
01:24:12,420 --> 01:24:14,100
It's everywhere.
805
01:24:14,100 --> 01:24:17,620
- It's all around us.
- It's fifteen billion years old.
806
01:24:17,620 --> 01:24:21,460
- And we found it.
- That's our discovery.
807
01:24:26,900 --> 01:24:29,180
We have to go get the prize, Arno.
808
01:24:46,580 --> 01:24:51,940
- What was there before the Big Bang?
- Whatever it was, it wasn't time, or space, or matter.
809
01:24:52,780 --> 01:24:56,540
- There's room for God.
- Yes, in theory.
810
01:24:58,180 --> 01:24:59,700
So what now?
811
01:25:00,460 --> 01:25:05,500
I'm going to eat cr�me brulee
and a huge number of chocolate truffles.
812
01:25:05,540 --> 01:25:13,060
And fight very hard to get you to see
how wonderful Wagner is, and how Brahms is not so wonderful.
813
01:25:13,060 --> 01:25:14,700
I meant with work.
814
01:25:15,540 --> 01:25:19,860
A theory of everything. I have been looking
at the very big,
815
01:25:19,860 --> 01:25:27,900
and now I want to look into very small,
and see how one may unify gravity and quantum mechanics.
816
01:25:27,900 --> 01:25:32,580
- And how long might this theory of everything take?
- Twenty years, no more than that.
817
01:25:32,580 --> 01:25:35,740
- That fast?
- That fast.
818
01:25:38,260 --> 01:25:39,860
I belive in the possible.
819
01:25:41,580 --> 01:25:47,620
I believe, small though we are,
insignificant though we may be,
820
01:25:47,620 --> 01:25:51,060
we can reach a full understanding
of the universe.
821
01:25:52,620 --> 01:25:57,780
You were right when you said
you felt small looking up at all that out there.
822
01:25:57,780 --> 01:26:06,060
We are very, very small,
but we are profoundly capable of very, very big things.
823
01:26:13,380 --> 01:26:14,860
Where are you going?
824
01:26:15,820 --> 01:26:17,860
Things to do.
825
01:26:35,300 --> 01:26:36,980
Can you hear me?
826
01:26:40,980 --> 01:26:42,660
Can you hear me?
827
01:26:46,940 --> 01:26:48,740
Can you hear me?
828
01:27:41,740 --> 01:29:01,700
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