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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: {172}{316}For a hundred and sixty million years|the dinosaurs ruled this world. {317}{402}While living in their shadows was a|group of animals {392}{467}which couldn't have been more different. {459}{602}These were our ancestors, small furry|creatures called mammals, {583}{660}clinging to safety wherever they could. {779}{862}But the mammal's time would come. {869}{972}Sixty-five million years ago volcanic|activity started to {959}{1020}poison the atmosphere. {1055}{1175}The last dinosaurs were already|living on a sick planet {1165}{1306}when their nemesis arrived - from space. {1330}{1470}A meteor ten kilometres wide slammed|into earth to mark the end of {1455}{1522}the reign of dinosaurs. {1892}{1982}This series is about what happened next. {2071}{2204}The survivors of the extinction all had|one thing in common -- their size. {2185}{2287}Nearly every animal over ten kilograms|had been wiped out leaving {2274}{2394}a world of little creatures,|among them were the mammals. {2389}{2484}In Walking With Beasts you will witness|how mammals left behind these small {2469}{2587}beginnings and took over the world. {2717}{2800}In the course of twenty million years|mammals got more and more {2790}{2959}successful until they were the biggest,|fiercest and most spectacular {2936}{2977}animals on the planet. {3007}{3109}Whatever the climate, whatever the|habitat mammals made it their own. {3107}{3210}Their great strength was|their ability to adapt. {3239}{3320}They grew to gigantic sizes. {3339}{3491}They evolved into powerful killers|like the famous sabre-toothed cats. {3484}{3561}And they even laid claim to the oceans. {3619}{3734}Then around four million years ago|came mankind's own origins {3718}{3858}in a type of ape that came down|from the trees and walked upright. {3860}{3955}Our story of this epic time|finishes just thirty thousand years {3943}{4073}Ago with the lce Ages, when our|planet turned cold but our ancestors {4059}{4137}Hunted in the realm|of the mammoth. {5184}{5298}It is a time called the Eocene and|earth has healed itself from {5285}{5374}the ravages of the massive meteor strike. {5363}{5453}Much has changed since|the time of the dinosaurs, {5440}{5552}it is far hotter now and lush|tropical rain forests have sprung {5538}{5661}up on every continent from|the Arctic to Antarctica. {5645}{5791}In this flowering new Eden meteors|no longer present as much of a threat. {6035}{6103}Under the forest canopy thrives|a menagerie of weird and {6096}{6162}wonderful creatures. {6153}{6264}Here the rule of scaly reptiles|is a distant memory. {6248}{6384}The animals that dominate now are|covered in feathers or fur. {6368}{6432}Mammals have adapted well to|the new world and there is {6424}{6478}a staggering variety of them, {6473}{6554}but they are still small|and as before live under {6543}{6633}the shadow of bigger deadlier animals. {7729}{7833}The dinosaurs might be long gone|but they left the world {7818}{7872}a vicious legacy. {7951}{8018}Their direct descendants are the birds. {8013}{8146}For the first and only time in|its history birds rule the earth. {8862}{8958}This is the story of just|twenty-four hours in one part of {8946}{9060}the Eocene's mysterious global|forest in an area that will {9043}{9113}one day become Germany. {9116}{9246}It is dawn and at the base of a|fig tree one animal has already {9228}{9304}Had its first brush with death. {9469}{9535}This is a female Leptictidium. {9527}{9620}She is a metre long and a common|sight in the forest of fifty {9608}{9653}million years ago. {9658}{9741}Her kind have survived virtually|unchanged since the time {9729}{9777}of the dinosaurs. {9775}{9856}Life though is scarcely|any easier now. {9846}{9941}This is still a perilous world|where she must live fast and {9930}{9994}will probably die young. {10046}{10135}A typical mammal, she looks after|her offspring until they are old {10122}{10179}Enough to fend for themselves. {10171}{10272}But with so many predators about|today is a bad day for her litter {10259}{10316}to leave the nest. {10355}{10431}She however has to feed|whatever the risk. {10421}{10515}She only has a short window of|opportunity to do so and {10502}{10579}that window is fading fast. {10633}{10736}The cool early morning is an ideal|time to catch the frogs, {10722}{10790}Iizards and insects she feeds on. {10818}{10942}Being cold-blooded they have yet|to warm up and are still sluggish. {10928}{11050}She however is warm blooded and|fast moving twenty-four hours a day. {11033}{11114}This is one of the mammals|ancient advantages. {11255}{11362}Also to help track down her prey|she has an incredibly acute sense {11348}{11469}of hearing and a distinctive|super-sensitive nose that can twitch {11451}{11544}to locate food among the leaf litter. {11735}{11850}And she is agile enough to catch|even flying insects. {12081}{12190}The best morning hunting lasts|only an hour or two and time {12174}{12201}is ticking. {12198}{12283}She must keep moving to find more. {12333}{12417}At this time in Europe's history|Germany is at the centre of much {12408}{12517}volcanic activity and this little|patch of forest is riddled {12500}{12568}with geo-thermal springs. {12559}{12658}In places these form seething mud pools. {12820}{12937}Oily water, poisonous gas and|earthquakes are ever present threats {12921}{12995}that the animals have|learnt to live with. {12994}{13094}But not every hazard here is|so easy to ignore. {13086}{13206}As the sun gets higher the daylight|creatures are becoming active {13194}{13391}and that brings out the forest's|more menacing side... The birds. {13385}{13493}They are the top predators in|this weird forest. {13501}{13641}This is the largest, Gastornis|a half ton pile of muscle and feathers {13622}{13693}as tall as a grown man {13783}{13885}This is a female and for the last|two months her whole life has {13869}{14017}Revolved around the one egg in her|nest now only hours from hatching. {14020}{14168}She is fiercely territorial and|when another Gastornis gets too close {14180}{14263}she moves to protect her nest. {14303}{14414}Since the great extinction birds|have been a success like mammals. {14400}{14467}But what is more,|they have got big. {14458}{14570}Big enough to take over the role of|the predatory dinosaurs. {14775}{14835}The two giants clash. {14827}{14894}The small mammal escapes. {14895}{14992}There are echoes here of a bygone age. {15478}{15570}The Leptictidium needs a lot of|food for her size. {15558}{15633}Like all mammals this is the price|she pays for {15624}{15689}a warm-blooded metabolism. {15700}{15805}There is usually plenty of prey|down by the lakeside but this morning {15795}{15842}there is only trouble. {15960}{16052}There is a newcomer down by the lake. {16212}{16323}Stirring in the morning's early|rays is an Ambulocetus, {16307}{16419}a bizarre beast that has swum up|the river from the nearby coast. {16509}{16562}He is a predator. {16679}{16762}Her hunting is interrupted|once again, she must move {16752}{16817}on and quickly. {16978}{17100}The three metre long carnivore|waddles awkwardly towards the lake. {17095}{17215}Although his ancestors hunted on|land, Ambulocetus has evolved to {17198}{17267}Be far more at home in the water. {17405}{17504}In fact his descendants will take|this to a greater extreme. {17495}{17596}You are looking at the very|earliest form of whale. {17584}{17699}Ambulocetus in fact means|walking whale. {17711}{17807}With another ten million years of|evolution the limbs will become {17797}{17886}flippers and the tail|will become a hoop. {17875}{17977}His style of swimming already|has the look of a whale or a dolphin. {17962}{18080}His body moves up and down and|not side to side like the fishes {18063}{18139}or crocodiles he shares|the water with. {18178}{18280}He is the most powerful predator|in this lake. {18303}{18455}But he is far from safe here.|There is a hidden peril. {18480}{18599}Huge quantities of volcanic gas|are trapped in the lake bed. {18585}{18670}If enough of this gas were to|escape at one time it would {18660}{18747}suffocate the animals for|miles around. {18790}{18893}The lake is a time bomb. {18914}{19016}But the Ambulocetus thinks|he has found the ideal spot {19002}{19289}for practicing his|deadly speciality... Ambush! {19381}{19505}A Propalaeotherium, an early form|of horse presents the day's {19487}{19567}first good chance of a kill. {20160}{20283}This time the Ambulocetus fails|But the day is long and he will {20265}{20344}try again and again. {20499}{20596}For the Leptictidium the forest|is now too dangerous and the {20582}{20646}time for hunting is over. {20644}{20729}The mother returns to the safety|of her nest. {20718}{20832}She has not done well this morning|and it is vital her next hunting {20816}{20872}trip is more successful. {20902}{21009}She will sleep now until the|evening, when hunting will be easier {20994}{21130}and the low light will help|her evade the sharp-eyed birds. {21303}{21422}Noon, and temperatures climb|above thirty degrees. {21404}{21505}The only movement is the Gastornis|chick starting to break free {21493}{21540}from the egg. {21609}{21718}Not far away the Leptictidium|family are still in their nest. {21706}{21796}But in their sleep they are|totally defenceless against {21785}{21851}one particular predator. {22139}{22346}Giant, carnivorous ants... {22361}{22450}This is the largest species|of ant ever. {22529}{22618}They are on the lookout for|prey - any creature that can't {22607}{22666}get away in time. {22853}{22946}This is the vanguard of an ominous|killing machine. {22940}{23032}Behind them is an army of half|a million others marching {23019}{23121}through the forest|stripping it's prey to the bone. {23235}{23317}The ants have their next victim. {24495}{24594}Mid afternoon and the|Propalaeotherium are busy foraging {24581}{24655}for grapes from the forest floor. {24663}{24761}By modern standards these|primitive horses are tiny, {24749}{24825}but this is how horses started|out -- small, {24815}{24874}forest dwelling animals. {24880}{24945}At this stage they're not|much bigger than cats and {24936}{25092}have yet to even develop hooves,|having instead four hoof-like toes. {25217}{25315}In a forest where every tree could|hide a predator the horses live {25307}{25417}on a knife-edge, ready to spring|at the slightest sound. {26349}{26507}As the light drops before sunset|the Leptictidium stirs from her nest. {26484}{26542}It's time to hunt again {26646}{26761}But first she must clear away|escape paths around the tree. {26746}{26829}This will give her a slightly|better chance of outrunning {26817}{26925}any predator she meets and|every little bit counts. {26981}{27049}Her young are eager to join|her this evening. {27042}{27126}Until now she has managed to|keep them safe from the dangers of {27114}{27197}the forest by suckling them|in the nest. {27192}{27278}But there comes a time for all|mammals when they can no longer {27267}{27329}rely on their mother's milk. {27659}{27738}The young must now learn to find|food for themselves, {27733}{27837}and their only hope is to follow|their mother's example. {27831}{27880}These are important lessons. {27876}{27956}By smelling the insects|she has caught they can recognize {27946}{28006}what is safe to eat. {28075}{28159}However their chances of|survival are slim. {28147}{28249}Most won't make it to adulthood. {28372}{28493}As dusk approaches the predators|are still out in numbers. {28491}{28579}The Ambulocetus has yet to make|a kill today and is preparing {28567}{28657}Another ambush near the shore|of the lake. {28648}{28751}Although he has no ears he listens|for approaching prey by putting {28737}{28842}his jaw to the ground and|detecting vibrations. {28833}{28935}It is the same mechanism that|allows him to hear underwater. {28969}{29108}If any animal strays too close|he'll be waiting. {29842}{29958}The Propalaeotherium appear less|alert than usual. {29942}{29992}Throughout the afternoon|they have continued to eat the {29988}{30064}fermenting grapes off the ground. {30061}{30150}They contain only the smallest|amount of alcohol, {30141}{30244}but it is enough to dull|their usually sharp senses. {30488}{30560}This is a bad time to get careless. {31754}{31914}The Leptictidium scurry to|safety... just! {32441}{32616}This is a world where|birds eat horses. {32782}{32879}At dusk the Gastornis returns|to her nest. {32874}{32969}Only now does she discover the|fate of her off spring. {33072}{33216}The biggest predator here humbled|by the smallest... {33314}{33416}Her size forces her to nest on|the ground and now {33400}{33458}she has paid the price. {33450}{33557}Months of dedication wasted. {33801}{33885}Despite everything this evening|the Leptictidium have fed well {33874}{33985}and all the young have survived|their first outing. {33971}{34050}The night is usually a safe|time for them. {34047}{34132}Tonight will be different. {34729}{34867}After a day of slumber this|nocturnal Godinotia is stirring. {34853}{34945}This is a type of primate|a new group of mammals that {34934}{35009}specialise in living in trees. {35005}{35129}Primates possess keep vision and|amazingly dextrous hands, {35115}{35216}which not only help them to|move among the branches {35200}{35307}but also to wheedle out their|favourite insects, {35296}{35389}even when they're beneath the bark. {35384}{35466}They are inventive and resourceful|animals and although {35456}{35600}these Godinotia are solitary,|primates have a sociable future. {35577}{35662}Among their descendants in|millions of years time will be {35652}{35759}a hairless type of ape|called man. {35851}{35950}At the lakeside the Ambulocetus|is still maintaining {35941}{36037}his patient vigil,|waiting for prey. {36199}{36280}At night a whole different cast|of animals comes down {36269}{36403}to the water's edge and eventually|a small predator chooses the wrong {36385}{36463}bit of lake to drink from. {37092}{37186}The Ambulocetus's killing|technique is simple. {37172}{37336}His vice like jaws hold the|struggling prey until it drowns. {38030}{38134}The dark hours go by and some|of the Godinotia are becoming {38121}{38178}Iess solitary. {38197}{38283}Copulation among these primates|is all part of the normal {38271}{38340}rhythm of the night. {38400}{38490}But this is not a normal night. {38878}{38996}An earth tremor.|These are common here {38978}{39058}but this one is bigger than normal {39130}{39236}The gas at the bottom of the|lake is suddenly shaken free, {39222}{39326}releasing a deadly cloud of|carbon dioxide. {40002}{40116}Driven by the wind the gas sweeps|through the forest undergrowth, {40100}{40189}suffocating every animal|in its path. {40699}{40771}The day has come full circle. {40760}{40901}The poisonous cloud has cleared|leaving a trail of corpses. {41121}{41192}The Leptictidium however was lucky {41186}{41304}She and her litter escaped death|only because their nest lay away {41286}{41357}from the path of the deadly gas. {41361}{41448}But her struggle to survive|never stops {41445}{41509}It's time to hunt again. {41614}{41718}Once more the Ambulocetus is|lying in her path. {41706}{41793}But she instinctively knows|he is dead. {41796}{41871}Today the Leptictidium|is the survivor, {41861}{41935}but ironically the future holds|a different outcome {41926}{41961}for these mammals. {41958}{42050}The Leptictidium and her kind|are destined to become extinct {42039}{42157}when this hot wet world gets|cooler and drier and the world's {42145}{42239}forests start to disappear. {42235}{42301}Ambulocetus is the one with|the big future. {42299}{42371}He is the ancestor of the whales|the most magnificent {42361}{42421}dynasty of mammals. {42415}{42528}And mammals are about to|take over the world. {42590}{42697}Next time we move forward|fifteen million years to {42681}{42781}when the descendants of the|Ambulocetus become the true masters {42766}{42818}of the oceans. {42857}{42987}On land too, mammals shrug|off their small beginnings to {42972}{43139}evolve into the largest and|fiercest animals on the planet. 16377