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[dramatic music]
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- [Danny] Mysteries can be
buried anywhere,
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under the earth,
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[deep explosion]
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[engine whirrs]
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beneath the sea,
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[plane whooshes]
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or even right
under our own feet.
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[coins jingle]
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[dramatic music]
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And when we stumble upon them,
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sometimes what we find
can change history.
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[dramatic music]
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Tonight,
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the discoveries get wild.
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[explosion banging]
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From a secret cave.
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- [Paul] They find
40-foot crystals,
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ghost white and razor sharp.
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- The caves are a death trap.
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- [Jenn] I mean, if
one breaks loose,
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you don't stand a chance.
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- [Danny] To a
frozen underworld.
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- [ Kavitha] Researchers
expected a complete dead zone.
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Instead, they found
an entire ecosystem.
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- [Danny] To a loyal pup
who helps crack a cold case.
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- [Adam] People are feverishly
looking for the trophy.
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And he thinks his dog Pickles
may have just found it.
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- Join us now because
nothing stays hidden forever.
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[dramatic music]
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Grocery stores aren't
usually a place
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for jaw-dropping finds,
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but this one held a surprise
no one was prepared for.
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- [Andrew] It's 1996 and a
biologist named Robert Timmins
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is doing field work in Laos.
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He takes a break for lunch
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and he goes to an
open air market.
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As he's checking out the
meat and the produce,
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he notices something
unusual for sale.
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[dramatic music]
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It's a long-whiskered rodent.
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[dramatic music]
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- [Sami] These rodents
are unlike anything
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Timmins has ever seen before.
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They're about 10 inches long,
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they've got very short
limbs, unusual-looking teeth.
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Timmins takes a look
at these rodents
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and actually thinks that they
kind of look like a cross
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between a rat and a squirrel.
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Now the locals call
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this particular type
of rodent kha-nyou
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and they also say that
they're pretty tasty.
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[dramatic music]
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- [Hakeem] They're cheap, so
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he spends about six cents
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to buy two of them,
but not for dinner,
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because he's convinced
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that there's something
unusual about them.
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He starts calling them
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Laotian rock rats
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and he sends them to the
Natural History Museum in London
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so they can take a closer look.
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- [Danny] When scientists
examine them, they're stunned.
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It's something they've
never seen before.
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- [Andrew] DNA tests reveal
that they do not match up
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to any other animal
on the planet.
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This isn't just a new species,
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this is entirely new
family of animals.
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- [Hakeem] This kind of find is
unheard of these days.
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The Laotian rock rat is
given an official name,
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Laonastes aenigmamus,
which translates to
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inhabitant of
stone, enigmatic mouse.
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And the findings are published
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in the Journal of
Systematics and Biodiversity.
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[dramatic music]
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- [Danny] But when researchers
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at the Carnegie Museum
of Natural History
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come across the new study,
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something about this strange
creature looks very familiar.
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- [Sami] Photos of the rodent
look very similar to a skull
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that the museum has
in their collection
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from an animal that's been
extinct for 11 million years.
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[dramatic music]
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- [Andrew] They do a
side-by-side comparison
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of the living rodent's skull
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with the extinct skull
in their collection.
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And when they look
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at them side by side,
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they find a perfect match.
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Other things like the tooth
enamel and molars, also a match.
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- So it turns out
that Robert Timmins
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didn't discover a
brand new species,
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he just stumbled upon one
that we thought was long gone.
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- [Danny] It's what
scientists refer to
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as a Lazarus species.
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- Probably the most famous
example of a Lazarus species
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is the coelacanth.
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This is a fish that
is weird looking,
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00:04:10,917 --> 00:04:13,250
and most researchers
thought it went extinct
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back with the dinosaurs.
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- [Andrew] Then in 1938,
a fishing boat
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off the coast of South Africa
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pulls one out of the water,
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very much alive, flopping
around in their boat.
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So the rodent in this
meat market in Laos
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is kind of like the
coelacanth of rats.
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- [Danny] But if this
coelacanth of rats
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has been around all this time,
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how did it manage to stay
hidden for millions of years?
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- The truth is that this
particular species of rat
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wasn't even on the radar
of scientists at all
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until Timmins comes across
it in the open air market.
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But to the locals in Laos,
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they've known about this
rat for quite some time.
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They just have a
different name for them.
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- [Andrew] The locals even
share their traditional recipe
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for cooking the rock
rat with Timmins,
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roast it whole,
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chew the small bones,
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spit out the large ones.
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[dramatic music]
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- Some discoveries
change science.
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This next one
changes three lives.
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- [Paul] In the fall of 1980,
19-year-old Bobby Shafran
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00:05:19,708 --> 00:05:21,833
is excited to
start his first day
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at the Sullivan County
Community College
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in the Catskills
region of New York.
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He's ready to start a
new chapter in his life.
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But almost immediately,
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things feel off.
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- [Andrew] Students he
has never met before
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start greeting him
like an old friend.
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They hug him, kiss him,
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and most disconcertingly, call
him by the wrong name, Eddy.
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- [Hakeem] Even one of
Bobby's dorm mates
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makes the same mistake.
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In fact, this
person is so shocked
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at how close Bobby looks to
his friend, Eddy Galland,
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he has to get them together.
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So he pulls Bobby into a
payphone and they call Eddy.
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[phone ringing]
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And when Bobby hears Eddy
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00:06:03,458 --> 00:06:05,250
through the other
end of the phone,
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it's like he's listening
to his own voice.
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- [Danny] During
that conversation,
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the two men make
a wild connection.
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- [Andrew] Bobby asks
Eddy if he was adopted.
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He says yes.
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Then Bobby asks
Eddy his birthday.
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July 12th, 1961.
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This is when Bobby knows
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that this isn't just
some coincidence.
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He has found his twin.
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[dramatic music]
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- [Hakeem] The
two meet in person,
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and the similarities
are uncanny,
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the same face, the same laugh,
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even the same birthmarks.
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They bond instantly.
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- [Paul] Word of their
heartwarming story spreads fast,
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with newspapers
publishing pictures
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of the two new found
identical twins side by side,
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grinning ear to ear.
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- [Danny] Then the story
gets even more outrageous.
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- A third teenager,
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David Kellman,
reads these stories,
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and to him it's like
looking in a mirror,
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or really two mirrors.
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And when the three
boys finally meet,
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it becomes clear
they're not twins,
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they're triplets.
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- [Danny] But the deeper
they look into their history,
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the stranger it gets.
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The triplets soon learn they
weren't placed apart by chance.
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The boys were intentionally
separated at birth.
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- [Jenn] The boys were
part of a secret study
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led by psychiatrist
Peter Neubauer.
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The experiment hoped to observe
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how genetically
identical siblings
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might develop differently
if raised apart.
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- [Paul] It was
the ultimate test
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of the nature versus
nurture debate.
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Between the early
1960s and 1980s,
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11 sets of twins,
plus the triplets,
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were sent to different homes,
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but none of the parents
and none of the children
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were told that they were
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part of an experiment.
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- [Hakeem] The boys
grew up under
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the watchful
eyes of researchers,
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who visited regularly,
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under the guise of normal
developmental check-ins
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for adoptive children.
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But in reality, they were
administering IQ tests,
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personality assessments,
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00:08:19,333 --> 00:08:20,792
and filming it all.
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- [Danny] The study was
supposed to remain secret,
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but the triplets'
unplanned reunion
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forces it into the light.
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00:08:28,958 --> 00:08:32,917
- Once the truth comes out,
the backlash is immediate.
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The families are outraged,
the public is horrified,
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and the scientific
community is shaken.
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The idea that people's lives
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were being manipulated in
this way without their consent
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is a significant ethical, moral,
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00:08:51,375 --> 00:08:54,208
and legal problem.
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00:08:54,292 --> 00:08:58,125
And in 1980, this
study is still ongoing.
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00:08:59,542 --> 00:09:01,167
- [Danny] As the
controversy swells,
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00:09:01,292 --> 00:09:05,333
Dr. Neubauer is forced to
finally shut down the study.
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00:09:05,417 --> 00:09:08,167
- [Paul] The triplets and
the other test subjects
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fight for years
212
00:09:09,583 --> 00:09:13,667
to keep their personal
files out of the public eye.
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00:09:13,750 --> 00:09:16,500
Eventually, under
threat of a lawsuit,
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the scientists
decide not to publish
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00:09:18,750 --> 00:09:20,667
any of their findings at all.
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00:09:21,708 --> 00:09:23,833
- [Andrew] In 1990,
these scientists agree
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00:09:23,875 --> 00:09:26,417
to seal all of their files
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00:09:26,500 --> 00:09:30,375
and essentially lock them in
a vault at Yale University.
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00:09:30,500 --> 00:09:34,167
They can't be legally
opened until 2065,
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00:09:34,208 --> 00:09:37,250
when both the scientists
and the subjects
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are likely to be long dead.
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- [Hakeem] Whatever those
files end up revealing
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00:09:41,292 --> 00:09:43,750
around the question of
nature versus nurture,
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00:09:43,833 --> 00:09:46,958
the story of Bobby,
Eddy, and David
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00:09:47,042 --> 00:09:50,208
shows you how a simple
chance encounter
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can shine a spotlight on
the shadowy side of science.
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[dramatic music]
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00:10:01,333 --> 00:10:02,667
- Most dog walks are uneventful,
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00:10:02,750 --> 00:10:05,042
but for one man and his pup,
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00:10:05,167 --> 00:10:08,708
their evening stroll becomes
the start of a wild mystery.
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[dramatic music]
[light music]
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- [Austin] It's March 27th, 1966
on a cool South London night
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00:10:16,833 --> 00:10:20,208
and Dave Corbett's dog,
Pickles, is begging to go out,
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00:10:20,292 --> 00:10:21,208
so he grabs the leash,
235
00:10:21,292 --> 00:10:22,625
and he gets ready,
236
00:10:22,708 --> 00:10:24,542
and he heads off
down the street.
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- [Andrew] They're
not far from home
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00:10:25,792 --> 00:10:29,833
when Pickles yanks
on his owner's leash
239
00:10:29,875 --> 00:10:32,583
and pulls him over to
the side of the street.
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00:10:32,667 --> 00:10:34,458
Corbett assumes that the dog
241
00:10:34,542 --> 00:10:36,833
is simply chasing
some strange smell,
242
00:10:36,875 --> 00:10:39,708
but as he gets closer, he
sees something unusual.
243
00:10:39,833 --> 00:10:41,167
[thunder rumbles]
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- [Jenn] It's this little bundle
wrapped up in newspaper
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and tied with a string.
246
00:10:44,792 --> 00:10:47,583
Dave peels back a
little bit of the paper.
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00:10:47,708 --> 00:10:49,875
He spots a base, and
then there's these words
248
00:10:49,958 --> 00:10:53,042
it says Brazil, West
Germany, and Uruguay.
249
00:10:53,125 --> 00:10:55,542
So he peels back a
little more paper
250
00:10:55,667 --> 00:10:57,667
and he sees a
small golden statue
251
00:10:57,750 --> 00:10:59,667
of this woman holding
a bowl above her head.
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[dramatic music]
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- He has seen this before
in newspaper articles
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00:11:05,125 --> 00:11:09,750
that are all about the recently
stolen World Cup trophy.
255
00:11:11,125 --> 00:11:14,375
And he thinks his dog Pickles
may have just found it.
256
00:11:16,042 --> 00:11:19,583
- [Danny] So how did one of the
most famous prizes in sports
257
00:11:19,667 --> 00:11:21,833
end up on a street in London?
258
00:11:23,208 --> 00:11:26,000
- [Austin] A week earlier, this
trophy, the Jules Rimet Trophy,
259
00:11:26,042 --> 00:11:29,750
was on display at Methodist
Central Hall in Westminster.
260
00:11:29,875 --> 00:11:32,833
England is about to
host the World Cup
261
00:11:32,917 --> 00:11:34,667
and they wanna show
their trophy off.
262
00:11:35,500 --> 00:11:38,833
- [Adam] On March 20th,
somehow, in broad daylight,
263
00:11:38,917 --> 00:11:40,667
a thief, or thieves,
264
00:11:40,750 --> 00:11:43,833
stole the World Cup
in front of everyone.
265
00:11:43,917 --> 00:11:46,375
- At about 11 o'clock to
12 o'clock this morning,
266
00:11:46,458 --> 00:11:50,167
the thieves got in by forcing
one of the inner doors.
267
00:11:50,292 --> 00:11:53,542
- [Adam] Everyone in England
from every walk of life
268
00:11:53,625 --> 00:11:55,000
is offering rewards
269
00:11:55,125 --> 00:11:57,708
for the safe return of
the World Cup trophy
270
00:11:57,875 --> 00:12:01,292
and a nationwide manhunt is on.
271
00:12:01,292 --> 00:12:03,292
The uproar is global.
272
00:12:03,375 --> 00:12:05,708
Scotland Yard is involved and
273
00:12:05,792 --> 00:12:08,458
people are feverishly looking
274
00:12:08,542 --> 00:12:09,833
for the famous trophy.
275
00:12:11,542 --> 00:12:14,958
- [Andrew] When Dave walks into
his local police station
276
00:12:14,958 --> 00:12:18,333
and places the missing trophy
down on the sergeant's desk,
277
00:12:18,458 --> 00:12:23,417
he thinks he'll get a thank
you, maybe even a reward,
278
00:12:23,542 --> 00:12:24,958
but that's not what happens.
279
00:12:25,042 --> 00:12:28,708
- Instead of a hero's
welcome, they haul him in.
280
00:12:29,667 --> 00:12:31,083
They throw him in a car,
281
00:12:31,208 --> 00:12:33,375
they drive him down
to Scotland Yard,
282
00:12:33,458 --> 00:12:34,417
and they grill him.
283
00:12:34,500 --> 00:12:36,958
Good Samaritan Dave is now
284
00:12:37,042 --> 00:12:39,375
the prime suspect in the theft.
285
00:12:40,417 --> 00:12:41,625
- We can appreciate how
286
00:12:41,708 --> 00:12:43,000
from the police perspective,
287
00:12:43,125 --> 00:12:45,833
Dave's story might
seem farfetched.
288
00:12:45,958 --> 00:12:48,708
The entire law enforcement
apparatus of the nation
289
00:12:48,833 --> 00:12:51,250
has been mobilized to
find this missing trophy,
290
00:12:51,333 --> 00:12:53,875
and this man's dog just
happened to sniff it out
291
00:12:53,958 --> 00:12:55,583
one night on a walk?
292
00:12:55,708 --> 00:12:57,875
But Dave knows he's
done nothing wrong.
293
00:12:57,958 --> 00:12:59,833
He sticks to his story
294
00:12:59,833 --> 00:13:02,292
and eventually the
police let him go.
295
00:13:03,583 --> 00:13:05,667
- [Jenn] The police speculate
the real thief got scared
296
00:13:05,750 --> 00:13:07,167
with all of the media attention,
297
00:13:07,292 --> 00:13:08,833
panicked, and then
ditched the trophy
298
00:13:08,875 --> 00:13:10,583
where he thought
nobody would find it,
299
00:13:10,708 --> 00:13:12,708
except he wasn't
counting on Pickles.
300
00:13:12,792 --> 00:13:15,000
- [Danny] Overnight,
Pickles becomes
301
00:13:15,083 --> 00:13:16,792
an international celebrity.
302
00:13:16,875 --> 00:13:18,167
- [Austin] He's awarded a medal
303
00:13:18,250 --> 00:13:20,875
from the National
Canine Defence League.
304
00:13:21,000 --> 00:13:23,167
He gets dog food endorsements.
305
00:13:23,250 --> 00:13:26,833
He presides over the
opening of restaurants.
306
00:13:26,917 --> 00:13:29,042
He even gets a film
made out of him,
307
00:13:29,125 --> 00:13:31,625
"The Spy with a Cold Nose."
308
00:13:31,708 --> 00:13:35,042
- [Andrew] But the biggest
reward comes five months later.
309
00:13:35,042 --> 00:13:38,917
After England defeats West
Germany in the World Cup final,
310
00:13:38,917 --> 00:13:42,625
Dave and Pickles are invited
to the victory banquet.
311
00:13:42,708 --> 00:13:45,208
And when the trophy is raised,
312
00:13:45,292 --> 00:13:50,083
everybody knows who the
true hero is, Pickles,
313
00:13:50,208 --> 00:13:53,042
the little dog who just
wanted to go for a walk.
314
00:13:54,708 --> 00:13:55,958
[dramatic music]
315
00:13:56,042 --> 00:13:58,750
- Next up, an even
more outrageous find
316
00:13:58,833 --> 00:14:00,917
beneath our nation's capital.
317
00:14:03,333 --> 00:14:06,125
- [Hakeem] September 26th, 1924,
318
00:14:06,208 --> 00:14:08,500
a truck driver is
making a delivery
319
00:14:08,583 --> 00:14:11,417
near Dupont Circle
in Washington DC
320
00:14:11,500 --> 00:14:13,208
when something strange happens.
321
00:14:14,208 --> 00:14:15,833
As he drives through
a back alley,
322
00:14:15,917 --> 00:14:18,917
the rear of his truck
suddenly drops beneath him.
323
00:14:18,917 --> 00:14:21,875
[truck banging]
[wheels screeching]
324
00:14:21,958 --> 00:14:23,833
- The driver slams on
the brakes, jumps out,
325
00:14:23,917 --> 00:14:26,333
and sees that the rear
wheels of his truck
326
00:14:26,458 --> 00:14:31,000
have sunk into the pavement,
into a large sinkhole.
327
00:14:31,042 --> 00:14:32,833
- A crew shows up to
help pull out the truck,
328
00:14:32,875 --> 00:14:34,333
but when they look at
329
00:14:34,375 --> 00:14:35,833
the hole more closely,
330
00:14:35,917 --> 00:14:39,250
they find something
more than a sinkhole.
331
00:14:39,375 --> 00:14:42,125
- [Hakeem] Beneath the alley
lies a manmade tunnel.
332
00:14:43,458 --> 00:14:47,333
It is hundreds of feet long,
stretching under the city.
333
00:14:47,375 --> 00:14:49,458
There is no records
of its construction
334
00:14:49,542 --> 00:14:51,708
and no one can explain
why it's there.
335
00:14:51,792 --> 00:14:54,542
- [Kavitha] Now this isn't some
rough put together tunnel.
336
00:14:54,667 --> 00:14:56,333
This is really well built.
337
00:14:56,375 --> 00:14:59,167
It's six feet tall
and four feet wide,
338
00:14:59,208 --> 00:15:01,500
and it's even wired
with electric lights.
339
00:15:01,625 --> 00:15:04,125
- [Danny] When newspapers
catch wind of the story,
340
00:15:04,208 --> 00:15:07,875
it explodes, and
so do the theories.
341
00:15:09,208 --> 00:15:11,125
- Some claim to have seen
342
00:15:11,208 --> 00:15:13,167
old German newspapers
343
00:15:13,250 --> 00:15:14,583
on the walls of the tunnel,
344
00:15:14,667 --> 00:15:16,500
which sparks rumors that
what they've discovered
345
00:15:16,583 --> 00:15:21,000
is some kind of hideout for
German spies during World War I.
346
00:15:21,083 --> 00:15:24,000
Still others think it was
built to smuggle alcohol,
347
00:15:24,083 --> 00:15:25,792
this being during Prohibition.
348
00:15:25,875 --> 00:15:27,583
- There's even a
claim that the tunnel
349
00:15:27,667 --> 00:15:29,333
dates back to the Civil War
350
00:15:29,375 --> 00:15:31,625
and was used by
Confederate soldiers
351
00:15:31,750 --> 00:15:33,667
hiding in Union territory.
352
00:15:33,792 --> 00:15:36,250
- Reporters start digging
into the property's past.
353
00:15:36,333 --> 00:15:38,042
The current owners know nothing,
354
00:15:38,125 --> 00:15:40,208
so they look into
the previous owner,
355
00:15:40,292 --> 00:15:42,708
who was a Smithsonian
entomologist,
356
00:15:42,792 --> 00:15:44,333
an insect scientist,
357
00:15:44,500 --> 00:15:45,750
named Harrison Dyar.
358
00:15:46,708 --> 00:15:48,625
- [Hakeem] Dyar is
brilliant and passionate,
359
00:15:48,708 --> 00:15:49,917
with an obsessive streak
360
00:15:50,000 --> 00:15:52,958
that drove his work to
extraordinary lengths.
361
00:15:53,042 --> 00:15:54,500
- [Kavitha] Over the
course of his career,
362
00:15:54,625 --> 00:15:56,875
he would name 3,000 species
363
00:15:56,958 --> 00:15:59,625
of butterflies and moths.
364
00:15:59,708 --> 00:16:02,208
Over 600 species of mosquitoes
365
00:16:02,292 --> 00:16:05,333
and 70 species are
named after him.
366
00:16:05,375 --> 00:16:07,375
- [Andrew] In 1917 alone,
367
00:16:07,458 --> 00:16:12,417
he donates 44,000 insect
specimens to the Smithsonian.
368
00:16:13,250 --> 00:16:14,958
So in the field
of entomology,
369
00:16:15,042 --> 00:16:16,958
Dyar is a giant.
370
00:16:17,042 --> 00:16:18,083
[dramatic music]
371
00:16:18,167 --> 00:16:19,417
- [Danny] But that same year,
372
00:16:19,542 --> 00:16:22,875
Dyar's carefully curated
life starts to crack
373
00:16:23,000 --> 00:16:25,667
when his wife files for divorce.
374
00:16:25,708 --> 00:16:28,833
- She found out that Dyar
was living a double life
375
00:16:28,833 --> 00:16:30,333
and had a secret family
376
00:16:30,417 --> 00:16:33,250
with a school teacher
named Wellesca Pollock.
377
00:16:33,333 --> 00:16:36,167
Together they had
three children,
378
00:16:36,250 --> 00:16:39,167
none of whom were known
to his legal wife.
379
00:16:39,250 --> 00:16:41,292
- [Danny] Investigators
initially believe
380
00:16:41,375 --> 00:16:45,167
the tunnel may be connected
to Dyar's hidden activities,
381
00:16:45,292 --> 00:16:48,833
but the explanation they
get is far stranger.
382
00:16:48,958 --> 00:16:50,333
- [Andrew] When questioned,
383
00:16:50,458 --> 00:16:54,208
Dyar admits to having dug
the tunnel himself by hand
384
00:16:54,292 --> 00:16:56,167
over the course of a decade.
385
00:16:56,208 --> 00:16:57,292
Why?
386
00:16:57,375 --> 00:17:00,625
He says it was a hobby
and a form of exercise.
387
00:17:00,708 --> 00:17:02,667
- [Kavitha] Some wonder if the
tunnel was a way for Dyar
388
00:17:03,542 --> 00:17:06,917
to move between the two
families without being noticed.
389
00:17:07,000 --> 00:17:09,958
Others think it was just
his ultimate man cave.
390
00:17:10,042 --> 00:17:11,000
[dramatic music]
391
00:17:16,125 --> 00:17:17,833
[dramatic music]
392
00:17:17,917 --> 00:17:19,875
- Deep underground,
393
00:17:19,958 --> 00:17:21,417
two miners are hunting
for precious metals,
394
00:17:21,417 --> 00:17:23,083
but what they break open instead
395
00:17:23,167 --> 00:17:25,292
is something far more dangerous
396
00:17:25,375 --> 00:17:27,417
than anything they
ever imagined.
397
00:17:29,750 --> 00:17:31,333
- [Hakeem] In April 2000,
398
00:17:31,375 --> 00:17:33,417
two brothers, Eloy
and Javier Delgado,
399
00:17:34,083 --> 00:17:36,958
are working in the
Naica Mine in Mexico.
400
00:17:37,042 --> 00:17:39,250
They're prospecting
for zinc and silver,
401
00:17:39,375 --> 00:17:41,250
so they're setting
charges in a tunnel
402
00:17:41,375 --> 00:17:43,917
in order to open up new rock.
403
00:17:44,000 --> 00:17:45,958
- After they set the explosives,
404
00:17:45,958 --> 00:17:48,167
they retreat to a safe distance
405
00:17:48,292 --> 00:17:50,208
and then hit the trigger.
406
00:17:50,292 --> 00:17:51,458
[explosion banging]
407
00:17:51,542 --> 00:17:53,667
The explosion rips
through the tunnel,
408
00:17:55,208 --> 00:17:58,292
sending rocks and
debris everywhere.
409
00:17:58,375 --> 00:18:01,167
After everything settles,
the brothers approach
410
00:18:01,208 --> 00:18:03,292
to see what they found.
411
00:18:03,375 --> 00:18:06,167
- Unfortunately they don't
find any zinc or silver,
412
00:18:06,250 --> 00:18:08,667
but they do find
something unusual,
413
00:18:10,083 --> 00:18:13,000
a small hole in a
portion of the rock wall.
414
00:18:13,083 --> 00:18:15,208
- [Danny] As Eloy
squeezes through,
415
00:18:15,208 --> 00:18:18,583
he's hit with overwhelming
heat and humidity.
416
00:18:18,667 --> 00:18:20,708
- He wipes the
sweat from his eyes
417
00:18:20,792 --> 00:18:22,167
and shines his light
418
00:18:22,208 --> 00:18:23,583
into the cavern,
419
00:18:23,667 --> 00:18:25,292
and he is stunned.
420
00:18:25,375 --> 00:18:28,917
He has just opened
up a gigantic cavity.
421
00:18:29,000 --> 00:18:30,583
And filling this cavity
422
00:18:30,667 --> 00:18:33,250
are these monstrous,
423
00:18:33,333 --> 00:18:37,458
ghost white crystals.
424
00:18:37,542 --> 00:18:40,167
Some are as big as tree trunks,
425
00:18:40,250 --> 00:18:43,542
up to 40 feet tall
and 6 feet wide.
426
00:18:43,625 --> 00:18:48,000
It's like he walked into
Superman's Fortress of Solitude.
427
00:18:48,042 --> 00:18:50,917
- [Jenn] The Delgado Brothers
report their remarkable find
428
00:18:51,000 --> 00:18:52,458
to their bosses at
the mining company,
429
00:18:52,542 --> 00:18:55,208
who then call in
geologists to research it.
430
00:18:55,208 --> 00:18:56,542
- [Danny] As experts descend
431
00:18:56,708 --> 00:18:58,917
into the newly
named Crystal Cave,
432
00:18:59,000 --> 00:19:01,208
they quickly learn its beauty
433
00:19:01,333 --> 00:19:05,083
hides conditions unlike
anything they've ever faced.
434
00:19:06,667 --> 00:19:10,000
- It's so hot it feels like
you're entering a blast furnace.
435
00:19:10,125 --> 00:19:12,500
It's over a thousand
feet underground,
436
00:19:12,583 --> 00:19:16,667
and down there the temperatures
are as high as 140 degrees
437
00:19:16,708 --> 00:19:19,500
and the humidity reaches
a hundred percent.
438
00:19:19,542 --> 00:19:21,917
At those temperatures and
that level of humidity,
439
00:19:22,042 --> 00:19:25,708
your body's sweating mechanism
can't keep you cool enough.
440
00:19:25,833 --> 00:19:28,917
- [Paul] It's so humid
that when you inhale,
441
00:19:29,042 --> 00:19:31,333
the hot, humid air
enters your lungs
442
00:19:31,417 --> 00:19:34,292
and then condenses the
same way it condenses
443
00:19:34,375 --> 00:19:36,333
on a cold glass of water.
444
00:19:36,333 --> 00:19:38,375
But this is happening
inside your lungs,
445
00:19:38,500 --> 00:19:42,375
so it ends up drowning
you from the inside out.
446
00:19:42,500 --> 00:19:45,125
- These caves are
literally a death trap.
447
00:19:46,333 --> 00:19:48,750
Researchers, in order to
go in and safely work,
448
00:19:48,833 --> 00:19:51,625
they have to wear
special ice-cooled suits
449
00:19:51,708 --> 00:19:55,833
with breathing systems that
bring them cool, dry air
450
00:19:55,917 --> 00:19:57,667
in order to survive.
451
00:19:57,750 --> 00:19:59,667
- [Jenn] Then there are the
crystals themselves.
452
00:19:59,750 --> 00:20:02,625
I mean, they are
razor sharp, slippery,
453
00:20:02,708 --> 00:20:05,167
and some weigh as
much as 55 tons.
454
00:20:05,250 --> 00:20:07,833
So, I mean, if one breaks loose,
455
00:20:07,917 --> 00:20:10,083
you don't stand a chance.
456
00:20:10,167 --> 00:20:11,625
- [Danny] What
shaped these crystals
457
00:20:11,708 --> 00:20:16,333
and makes them so dangerous
comes from far below the cave.
458
00:20:16,375 --> 00:20:18,875
- The researchers eventually
discover that the cavern
459
00:20:18,958 --> 00:20:23,000
sits above a fault line
and magma reservoir.
460
00:20:23,083 --> 00:20:25,167
Around 26 million years ago,
461
00:20:25,250 --> 00:20:27,542
the magma squeezed
out of its reservoir
462
00:20:27,625 --> 00:20:29,792
and forced scalding hot water
463
00:20:29,875 --> 00:20:31,917
up into the porous limestone,
464
00:20:32,042 --> 00:20:35,042
which carved out this cavity.
465
00:20:35,125 --> 00:20:36,750
- The water contained gypsum.
466
00:20:36,833 --> 00:20:39,875
And when the temperature
of the water dropped,
467
00:20:40,000 --> 00:20:41,958
the gypsum began to crystallize.
468
00:20:43,375 --> 00:20:45,333
- [Danny] But crystals
weren't the only things
469
00:20:45,417 --> 00:20:48,375
forming in the cave's
harsh conditions.
470
00:20:48,458 --> 00:20:52,167
- In 2017, the cave reveals
another of its mysteries
471
00:20:52,208 --> 00:20:55,417
when NASA scientists
find ancient bacteria,
472
00:20:55,542 --> 00:20:57,333
tens of thousands of years old,
473
00:20:57,458 --> 00:20:59,208
trapped within these crystals.
474
00:20:59,333 --> 00:21:00,750
They retrieve samples
475
00:21:00,833 --> 00:21:03,167
and bring them back
to life in the lab.
476
00:21:03,167 --> 00:21:04,833
[dramatic music]
477
00:21:04,875 --> 00:21:07,750
- [Danny] The bacteria
are called extremophiles,
478
00:21:07,833 --> 00:21:12,208
microbes that evolved to
survive where nothing else can.
479
00:21:12,333 --> 00:21:15,958
And scientists believe
they could provide insight
480
00:21:16,042 --> 00:21:19,958
into how life might
exist on other planets.
481
00:21:20,042 --> 00:21:21,500
[dramatic music]
482
00:21:21,542 --> 00:21:23,833
- [Hakeem] The Crystal Cave
is a natural wonder,
483
00:21:23,958 --> 00:21:25,667
and if life can survive there,
484
00:21:25,792 --> 00:21:27,625
maybe we're not as
alone as we think.
485
00:21:29,292 --> 00:21:30,750
[dramatic music]
486
00:21:30,833 --> 00:21:33,000
- If you thought surviving
that kind of heat was crazy,
487
00:21:33,042 --> 00:21:36,708
wait till you see what's
living under Antarctic ice.
488
00:21:38,667 --> 00:21:41,500
- [Paul] On January 13th, 2025,
489
00:21:41,583 --> 00:21:45,167
an international team
of oceanographers
490
00:21:45,208 --> 00:21:48,000
are working off of the
coast of Antarctica
491
00:21:48,042 --> 00:21:49,250
in the Bellingshausen Sea.
492
00:21:49,375 --> 00:21:52,333
[ice shelves cracking]
493
00:21:52,458 --> 00:21:55,625
Their mission is to study
the shrinking ice shelves
494
00:21:55,708 --> 00:21:58,000
and how that's impacting climate
495
00:21:58,125 --> 00:21:59,750
and sea levels around the world.
496
00:22:01,000 --> 00:22:02,667
- [Kavitha] Midway through
their expedition,
497
00:22:02,750 --> 00:22:04,542
the team receives breaking news.
498
00:22:04,667 --> 00:22:06,750
An iceberg the size of Chicago
499
00:22:06,875 --> 00:22:09,292
has broken off the
George VI Ice Shelf.
500
00:22:09,375 --> 00:22:11,833
[ice shelf rumbling]
501
00:22:11,875 --> 00:22:15,583
It exposes more than 200
square miles of sea floor,
502
00:22:15,667 --> 00:22:19,292
and by sheer luck, they're
only 57 miles away.
503
00:22:20,625 --> 00:22:22,333
- This is a rare opportunity
504
00:22:22,417 --> 00:22:24,125
to study part of the sea floor
505
00:22:24,208 --> 00:22:28,958
that has been hidden for
centuries under 500 feet of ice.
506
00:22:30,125 --> 00:22:31,500
So the team deploys
507
00:22:31,583 --> 00:22:34,000
a remote-operated underwater
vehicle with cameras
508
00:22:34,042 --> 00:22:36,125
[water splashing]
[air bubbling]
509
00:22:36,208 --> 00:22:40,417
to go down 4,000
feet and investigate.
510
00:22:40,500 --> 00:22:41,750
- [Danny] As the submersible
511
00:22:41,833 --> 00:22:44,458
sweeps across the newly
exposed sea floor,
512
00:22:44,542 --> 00:22:47,500
the first images stream
back to the ship,
513
00:22:47,583 --> 00:22:51,625
revealing something the
crew never expected to see.
514
00:22:51,708 --> 00:22:54,833
- [Austin] This should be a
barren wasteland,
515
00:22:54,917 --> 00:22:58,333
but almost immediately
the camera reveals a crab
516
00:22:58,375 --> 00:23:00,125
walking over a sponge.
517
00:23:00,208 --> 00:23:01,167
[dramatic music]
518
00:23:01,208 --> 00:23:04,292
As the sub sends more pictures,
519
00:23:04,375 --> 00:23:06,750
more and more life
comes into view.
520
00:23:08,083 --> 00:23:11,500
- [Kavitha] The ocean floor is
covered with sponges and corals.
521
00:23:11,583 --> 00:23:12,667
The scientists have discovered
522
00:23:12,750 --> 00:23:15,167
a thriving underwater ecosystem,
523
00:23:15,250 --> 00:23:18,667
which is baffling to them
because this isn't the tropics.
524
00:23:18,708 --> 00:23:21,792
This is thousands of feet
below the coast of Antarctica.
525
00:23:23,042 --> 00:23:26,625
- [Andrew] There are sea
spiders, ice fish, octopuses.
526
00:23:26,708 --> 00:23:31,667
They even see an extremely
rare phantom jellyfish,
527
00:23:33,208 --> 00:23:36,792
three feet wide, with tentacles
trailing 30 feet behind it.
528
00:23:38,250 --> 00:23:40,167
- [Kavitha] Based on how big and
developed these creatures are,
529
00:23:40,208 --> 00:23:41,500
the scientists realized
530
00:23:41,583 --> 00:23:43,750
that they didn't just
show up recently.
531
00:23:43,833 --> 00:23:46,833
They've been chilling under
the ice for centuries.
532
00:23:46,917 --> 00:23:49,250
- [Danny] But if this
place has been sealed off
533
00:23:49,333 --> 00:23:50,667
for hundreds of years,
534
00:23:50,750 --> 00:23:53,333
how is anything still
alive down here?
535
00:23:53,417 --> 00:23:56,708
- [Paul] All of these organisms
need food to survive.
536
00:23:56,792 --> 00:24:00,500
That food system is
based on plant and algae
537
00:24:00,583 --> 00:24:02,542
on the surface of the ocean
538
00:24:02,625 --> 00:24:04,750
getting energy from sunlight,
539
00:24:04,833 --> 00:24:08,542
and then other animals eat
those organisms and then die,
540
00:24:08,625 --> 00:24:10,250
and then all of that material,
541
00:24:10,375 --> 00:24:12,500
all of that organic
matter and food,
542
00:24:12,542 --> 00:24:14,667
drift down to the
bottom of the ocean,
543
00:24:14,750 --> 00:24:16,625
where they supply
a source of energy
544
00:24:16,625 --> 00:24:18,417
for everything
living at the bottom.
545
00:24:18,500 --> 00:24:20,333
But this region has been cut off
546
00:24:20,417 --> 00:24:23,250
from the usual
food chain systems
547
00:24:23,333 --> 00:24:26,125
that exist in oceans throughout
the rest of the world.
548
00:24:27,542 --> 00:24:29,542
- [Austin] Some scientists
theorize that
549
00:24:29,708 --> 00:24:31,208
deeper ocean currents
550
00:24:31,292 --> 00:24:34,208
are carrying that organic
material from somewhere else,
551
00:24:34,333 --> 00:24:35,708
while other scientists feel
552
00:24:35,792 --> 00:24:38,833
that the surface
contact ice is melting
553
00:24:38,917 --> 00:24:42,167
and ancient organic material
trapped there for centuries
554
00:24:42,292 --> 00:24:43,750
is trickling down.
555
00:24:45,208 --> 00:24:47,333
- [Danny] Either way,
food is still reaching
556
00:24:47,417 --> 00:24:51,000
this hidden ecosystem just
enough to keep it alive.
557
00:24:51,083 --> 00:24:54,500
- This site alone is
home to over 60 species,
558
00:24:54,542 --> 00:24:57,833
some of which were unknown
to science previously.
559
00:24:57,917 --> 00:25:00,625
So who knows what's
hiding under the ice
560
00:25:00,708 --> 00:25:01,750
in other regions of the world?
561
00:25:02,708 --> 00:25:04,833
There's certainly a
lot more to discover.
562
00:25:04,917 --> 00:25:05,750
[dramatic music]
563
00:25:11,167 --> 00:25:12,667
[dramatic music]
564
00:25:12,708 --> 00:25:14,667
- Cutting the grass
is just another chore,
565
00:25:14,708 --> 00:25:16,833
until the mower
turns up something
566
00:25:16,875 --> 00:25:18,792
that hasn't seen
daylight in 70,000 years.
567
00:25:20,667 --> 00:25:23,333
[dramatic music]
568
00:25:23,417 --> 00:25:25,458
- [Andrew] In the fall of 2024,
569
00:25:25,542 --> 00:25:27,667
a homeowner in
Scotchtown, New York
570
00:25:27,708 --> 00:25:30,167
is doing some last
minute landscaping
571
00:25:30,208 --> 00:25:31,625
before winter sets in.
572
00:25:32,042 --> 00:25:34,292
As he tends to his flower beds,
573
00:25:34,417 --> 00:25:36,750
and rakes leaves,
and mows the lawn,
574
00:25:36,750 --> 00:25:39,625
he notices something
sticking out of the dirt.
575
00:25:39,708 --> 00:25:41,292
[dramatic music]
576
00:25:41,375 --> 00:25:44,542
- [Don] At first he thinks it
might be an old baseball,
577
00:25:44,542 --> 00:25:45,792
but when he digs it out,
578
00:25:47,125 --> 00:25:49,792
it looks like two
strange fossilized bones.
579
00:25:51,292 --> 00:25:52,292
They're both oval-shaped,
580
00:25:52,375 --> 00:25:53,500
about seven inches long,
581
00:25:53,583 --> 00:25:56,125
and each has a serrated
edge on one side.
582
00:25:57,167 --> 00:26:00,833
- [Austin] Curious, he digs
deeper and he uncovers two more.
583
00:26:00,917 --> 00:26:04,500
They don't look like any
animal he's ever seen,
584
00:26:04,583 --> 00:26:07,625
so he calls the local
college for help.
585
00:26:07,708 --> 00:26:09,333
- [Danny] Professor Cory Harris,
586
00:26:09,458 --> 00:26:13,083
an anthropologist at SUNY
Orange, takes the lead.
587
00:26:13,167 --> 00:26:15,833
And when he sees
the bones in person,
588
00:26:15,875 --> 00:26:18,542
he knows exactly
what he's looking at.
589
00:26:18,625 --> 00:26:19,667
- They're not bones,
590
00:26:19,708 --> 00:26:21,000
they're massive teeth,
591
00:26:21,125 --> 00:26:23,583
molars that once
belonged to mastodons.
592
00:26:23,667 --> 00:26:26,458
[mastodons roaring]
593
00:26:26,542 --> 00:26:28,542
Mastodons are long-
extinct cousins
594
00:26:28,625 --> 00:26:30,625
to mammoths and
modern elephants.
595
00:26:30,708 --> 00:26:34,292
And between 10,000
and 14,500 years ago,
596
00:26:34,375 --> 00:26:35,833
they roamed the ancient forests
597
00:26:35,917 --> 00:26:37,750
of what is now New York state.
598
00:26:37,875 --> 00:26:41,167
- [Metin] They are built like
tanks at 10 feet tall
599
00:26:41,208 --> 00:26:42,417
and over six tons, and
600
00:26:42,500 --> 00:26:44,042
they've got these long tusks
601
00:26:44,125 --> 00:26:47,750
that can reach a length
of over 16 feet long.
602
00:26:47,875 --> 00:26:50,125
- [Andrew] Now that 16 feet
is pretty remarkable.
603
00:26:50,208 --> 00:26:52,708
It would've made mastodons
a fearsome sight.
604
00:26:52,792 --> 00:26:55,083
[mastodons roaring]
605
00:26:55,167 --> 00:26:58,458
And the mastodon's molars
were just as unique.
606
00:26:58,542 --> 00:27:00,750
They are cone-shaped,
607
00:27:00,833 --> 00:27:03,917
which is perfect for
this large herbivore
608
00:27:04,000 --> 00:27:06,875
to crush leaves, and
twigs, and branches.
609
00:27:07,792 --> 00:27:09,042
[dramatic music]
610
00:27:09,125 --> 00:27:10,750
- [Danny] Over the
next few weeks,
611
00:27:10,833 --> 00:27:13,208
Harris and a team
of archaeologists
612
00:27:13,292 --> 00:27:15,667
conduct a full dig.
613
00:27:15,708 --> 00:27:18,792
By the end of it, they've
recovered a full jaw,
614
00:27:18,875 --> 00:27:21,250
part of a rib, and a toe.
615
00:27:21,333 --> 00:27:23,208
- A find like this
is always exciting,
616
00:27:23,292 --> 00:27:24,792
but believe it or not,
617
00:27:24,875 --> 00:27:27,333
backyard mastodons
are not unique
618
00:27:27,417 --> 00:27:29,333
in this part of the country.
619
00:27:29,417 --> 00:27:31,000
Orange County, New York
620
00:27:31,000 --> 00:27:34,500
is known as a mastodon
fossil hotspot.
621
00:27:34,583 --> 00:27:35,958
[dramatic music]
622
00:27:36,042 --> 00:27:38,667
- [Don] They've been turning
up here since 1705.
623
00:27:38,750 --> 00:27:40,958
When locals found huge bones,
624
00:27:41,042 --> 00:27:43,500
they attributed to
a race of human giants
625
00:27:43,542 --> 00:27:44,833
described in the Bible.
626
00:27:44,917 --> 00:27:47,667
Over the years,
over 150 specimens
627
00:27:47,750 --> 00:27:49,833
have been uncovered
in Upstate New York
628
00:27:49,875 --> 00:27:52,292
and half of them from
the region around Orange.
629
00:27:53,583 --> 00:27:55,250
- [Danny] It's not
just a coincidence,
630
00:27:55,333 --> 00:27:58,375
there's a scientific
explanation behind this.
631
00:27:58,458 --> 00:28:00,792
- [Andrew] Some scientists
think that the prevalence
632
00:28:00,875 --> 00:28:02,667
of the mastodon in this area
633
00:28:02,708 --> 00:28:04,667
came down to the
mastodons' behavior
634
00:28:04,792 --> 00:28:06,333
and especially its diet.
635
00:28:06,417 --> 00:28:08,917
Around 14,500 years ago,
636
00:28:09,000 --> 00:28:10,792
the end of the last ice age,
637
00:28:10,875 --> 00:28:13,000
this area of Upstate New York
638
00:28:13,083 --> 00:28:16,292
would've been a kind of
prehistoric vegetarian buffet,
639
00:28:16,375 --> 00:28:19,792
rich with pine, and spruce,
and dense underbrush,
640
00:28:19,875 --> 00:28:22,042
all things that
mastodons love to eat.
641
00:28:23,125 --> 00:28:25,375
- [Don] Lured here by the
ample food on offer,
642
00:28:25,458 --> 00:28:26,833
when an animal died,
643
00:28:26,917 --> 00:28:29,458
they sank into the
oxygen-poor peat bogs
644
00:28:29,542 --> 00:28:32,292
that were created by
the retreating glaciers.
645
00:28:32,375 --> 00:28:33,542
And those conditions
646
00:28:33,667 --> 00:28:35,708
preserved their remains
almost perfectly.
647
00:28:36,792 --> 00:28:39,000
- [Andrew] Every discovery
brings us closer
648
00:28:39,042 --> 00:28:42,583
to understanding these
prehistoric giants
649
00:28:42,667 --> 00:28:44,667
who once called New
York State home.
650
00:28:44,792 --> 00:28:48,500
[mastodon roaring]
[dramatic music]
651
00:28:48,583 --> 00:28:50,750
- [Danny] Over 5,000 miles away,
652
00:28:50,833 --> 00:28:53,500
another Ice Age
discovery resurfaces,
653
00:28:53,583 --> 00:28:56,167
only this one looks
a lot friendlier.
654
00:28:56,208 --> 00:28:59,083
[dramatic music]
655
00:28:59,167 --> 00:29:00,833
- [Don] It's the summer of 2018
656
00:29:00,917 --> 00:29:03,500
near the Indigirka
River in Siberia.
657
00:29:03,583 --> 00:29:05,333
Locals are out in the forest,
658
00:29:05,375 --> 00:29:06,708
combing through the ground
659
00:29:06,708 --> 00:29:08,208
looking for mammoth tusks.
660
00:29:08,292 --> 00:29:10,542
- [Andrew] This is the time of
year when the permafrost
661
00:29:10,667 --> 00:29:14,333
softens up just
enough to reveal bones
662
00:29:14,375 --> 00:29:17,500
that have been locked
in the frozen ground
663
00:29:17,542 --> 00:29:19,000
for thousands of years.
664
00:29:19,042 --> 00:29:21,000
And this includes mammoth ivory,
665
00:29:21,083 --> 00:29:23,250
which is incredibly valuable.
666
00:29:23,333 --> 00:29:26,792
- One day, a local stumbles
upon something unexpected.
667
00:29:26,875 --> 00:29:28,917
[dramatic music]
668
00:29:29,042 --> 00:29:30,917
It's not a mammoth tusk.
669
00:29:31,042 --> 00:29:33,000
It's small, it's furry,
670
00:29:33,042 --> 00:29:35,500
and it looks like a puppy.
671
00:29:35,583 --> 00:29:37,250
[dramatic music]
672
00:29:37,333 --> 00:29:40,000
- [Don] The animal is
surprisingly well-preserved.
673
00:29:40,042 --> 00:29:42,042
The fur is still there.
674
00:29:42,125 --> 00:29:43,667
You can still see
its little paws.
675
00:29:43,708 --> 00:29:46,500
Even the whiskers on
the nose are intact.
676
00:29:46,583 --> 00:29:47,875
It looks less like a fossil
677
00:29:47,958 --> 00:29:50,042
and more like a
dog frozen in time.
678
00:29:50,125 --> 00:29:51,875
But the locals think
it might be ancient,
679
00:29:51,958 --> 00:29:54,625
so they contact a nearby
university to take a look.
680
00:29:54,708 --> 00:29:56,250
[dramatic music]
681
00:29:56,333 --> 00:29:58,542
- [Danny] Scientists
collect the remains
682
00:29:58,542 --> 00:30:00,833
and start running tests.
683
00:30:00,917 --> 00:30:03,667
When the results come
back, they're stunned.
684
00:30:03,750 --> 00:30:07,250
- Whatever this specimen
is, it's not a dog.
685
00:30:07,333 --> 00:30:11,250
And tests seem to reveal that
it's not a wild wolf either.
686
00:30:11,333 --> 00:30:13,167
It's somewhere right in between.
687
00:30:14,542 --> 00:30:17,167
- [Don] Scientists have known
for decades that the modern dog
688
00:30:17,250 --> 00:30:19,542
evolved from the wild wolf,
689
00:30:19,625 --> 00:30:23,333
but exactly when and where
that split actually happened
690
00:30:23,417 --> 00:30:26,292
is one of animal evolution's
biggest mysteries.
691
00:30:26,375 --> 00:30:30,500
So these DNA results from
the prehistoric Siberian pup
692
00:30:30,625 --> 00:30:31,917
are a very big deal.
693
00:30:32,000 --> 00:30:35,000
- Researchers name
the specimen Dogor,
694
00:30:35,083 --> 00:30:38,500
which is a local Yakut
language word for friend.
695
00:30:38,583 --> 00:30:40,958
- [Danny] But the
biggest revelation comes
696
00:30:41,042 --> 00:30:43,500
when Dogor is carbon dated.
697
00:30:43,542 --> 00:30:48,500
- Tests reveal that this dog
is about 18,000 years old.
698
00:30:50,042 --> 00:30:52,917
Scientists had placed
the window of time
699
00:30:53,042 --> 00:30:57,000
when the wild wolf was
domesticated into the modern dog
700
00:30:57,083 --> 00:31:01,000
somewhere between 15,000
and 40,000 years ago.
701
00:31:01,042 --> 00:31:03,042
So at 18,000 years,
702
00:31:03,125 --> 00:31:05,667
we know that we're dealing
with something closer
703
00:31:05,750 --> 00:31:07,792
to the modern end
of that spectrum.
704
00:31:07,792 --> 00:31:08,833
- [Danny] While this discovery
705
00:31:08,917 --> 00:31:10,875
helps us to further understand
706
00:31:10,958 --> 00:31:13,833
the evolutionary
timeline between the wolf
707
00:31:13,875 --> 00:31:14,833
[wolf howling]
708
00:31:14,875 --> 00:31:16,625
and the modern day dog,
709
00:31:16,708 --> 00:31:19,458
how that transformation occurred
710
00:31:19,542 --> 00:31:21,125
is still up for debate.
711
00:31:22,208 --> 00:31:24,042
- [Don] One theory is
that early humans
712
00:31:24,125 --> 00:31:26,667
took in wolf pups
and raised them.
713
00:31:26,708 --> 00:31:29,750
Another idea suggests that
some less aggressive wolves
714
00:31:29,833 --> 00:31:33,125
just started lingering around
the camps, scavenging scraps,
715
00:31:33,208 --> 00:31:36,375
and over generations, the
tamest of them all adapted,
716
00:31:36,458 --> 00:31:39,792
changing from
predators to partners.
717
00:31:39,875 --> 00:31:42,792
- In Dogor's short
life, no one is sure
718
00:31:42,875 --> 00:31:47,833
if he lived with humans or
he lived in that fringe world
719
00:31:47,917 --> 00:31:52,292
between domestication
and wildness.
720
00:31:52,375 --> 00:31:54,167
- [Don] Scientists are
still studying him.
721
00:31:54,250 --> 00:31:55,833
And as the permafrost melts
722
00:31:55,875 --> 00:31:57,958
and more and more of
the prehistoric world
723
00:31:58,042 --> 00:31:59,167
rises to the surface,
724
00:31:59,292 --> 00:32:00,167
this may be just the beginning.
725
00:32:01,208 --> 00:32:04,500
And the actual first dog ever
could be somewhere close by.
726
00:32:04,583 --> 00:32:05,333
[dramatic music]
727
00:32:10,333 --> 00:32:12,083
[dramatic music]
728
00:32:12,167 --> 00:32:13,917
- During the Cold War, every
sound could mean danger,
729
00:32:14,000 --> 00:32:15,833
but one mysterious noise
730
00:32:15,875 --> 00:32:19,208
is something far
stranger than enemy fire.
731
00:32:21,583 --> 00:32:26,333
- [Andrew] June 8th, 1982, it's
the height of the Cold War
732
00:32:26,375 --> 00:32:29,375
and tensions are rising along
the east coast of Sweden.
733
00:32:29,458 --> 00:32:33,792
The year before, a Soviet
submarine had wrecked,
734
00:32:33,875 --> 00:32:35,208
just off the coast.
735
00:32:35,292 --> 00:32:38,292
And now a civilian
reports seeing
736
00:32:38,375 --> 00:32:41,000
what they think is a periscope
737
00:32:41,167 --> 00:32:43,167
just off the coast
in the Baltic Sea.
738
00:32:43,250 --> 00:32:44,958
- [Austin] The Swedes fear
739
00:32:45,042 --> 00:32:47,333
it could be another
Soviet submarine,
740
00:32:47,375 --> 00:32:50,208
so they dispatch patrol
boats to take a look.
741
00:32:51,375 --> 00:32:53,042
- [Sami] Sure enough,
once they make it out
742
00:32:53,125 --> 00:32:55,833
to a certain portion
of the water,
743
00:32:55,917 --> 00:32:58,083
about 32 miles off
the coast of Sweden,
744
00:32:58,167 --> 00:32:59,958
they start to pick up this
745
00:33:00,042 --> 00:33:01,583
sound from underwater.
746
00:33:01,667 --> 00:33:05,250
It kind of sounds a little
bit like sizzling bacon,
747
00:33:06,792 --> 00:33:08,333
except significantly louder.
748
00:33:08,375 --> 00:33:11,667
So these patrol boats
radio back to the mainland,
749
00:33:11,750 --> 00:33:13,000
and within a few minutes,
750
00:33:13,042 --> 00:33:15,208
helicopters are
flying to the location
751
00:33:15,292 --> 00:33:17,542
and hovering over that spot.
752
00:33:17,625 --> 00:33:21,542
- [Austin] The Swedes aren't
sure if this is espionage
753
00:33:21,625 --> 00:33:23,333
or an act of aggression,
754
00:33:23,417 --> 00:33:26,333
but they're not
taking any chances.
755
00:33:26,417 --> 00:33:29,583
The helicopter
drops depth charges,
756
00:33:29,667 --> 00:33:33,208
in essence, high explosives
that go underwater
757
00:33:33,208 --> 00:33:35,250
to blow up a submarine.
758
00:33:35,333 --> 00:33:36,333
[explosion booming]
759
00:33:36,458 --> 00:33:41,250
If they hit or
sink a Soviet sub,
760
00:33:41,375 --> 00:33:44,375
the Cold War is going
to get a lot hotter.
761
00:33:44,500 --> 00:33:47,375
[explosion banging]
[dramatic music]
762
00:33:47,542 --> 00:33:49,000
- [Andrew] Nearby, the
Swedes are waiting
763
00:33:49,042 --> 00:33:52,000
in anticipation of retaliation,
764
00:33:52,083 --> 00:33:53,667
but there isn't any.
765
00:33:53,708 --> 00:33:54,833
And the sound?
766
00:33:54,917 --> 00:33:56,792
It's gone.
767
00:33:56,875 --> 00:33:59,333
- [Sami] The helicopter is
searching feverishly,
768
00:33:59,417 --> 00:34:02,750
but they see no
signs of wreckage.
769
00:34:02,833 --> 00:34:04,750
They see no debris.
770
00:34:04,833 --> 00:34:06,208
There's no oil slick.
771
00:34:06,292 --> 00:34:10,042
So whatever was producing
that sizzling bacon sound
772
00:34:10,125 --> 00:34:12,417
has now disappeared
without a trace.
773
00:34:14,000 --> 00:34:16,042
- [Danny] But the
silence doesn't last.
774
00:34:16,125 --> 00:34:19,417
Just three days later,
the noise is back.
775
00:34:19,542 --> 00:34:23,708
- [Austin] Once again, a Swedish
navy patrol hears the signal,
776
00:34:24,958 --> 00:34:26,583
drops depth charges,
777
00:34:28,083 --> 00:34:29,583
[explosion]
and then it stops.
778
00:34:30,958 --> 00:34:32,292
It disappears.
779
00:34:32,375 --> 00:34:35,833
A few days after that,
it happens again.
780
00:34:37,458 --> 00:34:40,125
- [Danny] Despite repeated
efforts to trace the source,
781
00:34:40,208 --> 00:34:43,875
the sounds continue on
and off for over a decade.
782
00:34:43,958 --> 00:34:45,500
- [Andrew] Then in 1996,
783
00:34:45,583 --> 00:34:47,917
the Swedish government
calls in a civilian
784
00:34:48,000 --> 00:34:49,167
to get to the bottom of things.
785
00:34:49,500 --> 00:34:51,250
- [Danny] Professor
Magnus Wahlberg
786
00:34:51,333 --> 00:34:53,458
from the University
of Southern Denmark
787
00:34:53,542 --> 00:34:55,917
analyzes the signals for a month
788
00:34:56,000 --> 00:34:59,875
and what he finds is even
stranger than they imagined.
789
00:34:59,958 --> 00:35:03,750
- [Austin] The sound from
the top-secret Soviet sub
790
00:35:03,833 --> 00:35:05,500
turns out to be
791
00:35:05,583 --> 00:35:07,500
a school of fish,
792
00:35:07,667 --> 00:35:09,333
herring to be exact.
793
00:35:09,417 --> 00:35:13,042
And the strange
sizzling, crackling sound
794
00:35:13,125 --> 00:35:17,042
is herring passing gas.
795
00:35:17,167 --> 00:35:20,417
- [Andrew] Herring
are modest fish,
796
00:35:20,500 --> 00:35:24,208
shiny, silver, only
about 14 inches long,
797
00:35:24,333 --> 00:35:29,125
but they have a remarkable
ability that most fish do not.
798
00:35:29,208 --> 00:35:30,833
They can fart.
799
00:35:30,917 --> 00:35:33,833
And when they do, it is loud.
800
00:35:34,000 --> 00:35:35,500
[crackling sound]
801
00:35:35,708 --> 00:35:37,500
- [Sami] Now, most fish have
something called a swim bladder,
802
00:35:37,583 --> 00:35:40,667
which, in essence, is sort of
like this internal balloon
803
00:35:40,792 --> 00:35:43,000
that helps them to
control their buoyancy.
804
00:35:43,042 --> 00:35:45,083
Herring have this as well,
805
00:35:45,167 --> 00:35:47,750
except it's connected
to their anus.
806
00:35:47,833 --> 00:35:52,542
So when pressure builds
up in this swim bladder,
807
00:35:52,625 --> 00:35:55,833
it's got to go somewhere and
it's released through the anus.
808
00:35:55,917 --> 00:35:59,333
[bladder spewing]
809
00:35:59,375 --> 00:36:00,917
You see where I'm
going with this.
810
00:36:01,042 --> 00:36:03,875
- [Andrew] Another thing that
herring do, or don't do rather,
811
00:36:04,000 --> 00:36:05,875
is travel solo.
812
00:36:05,958 --> 00:36:10,250
They school in massive groups,
sometimes in the millions.
813
00:36:10,333 --> 00:36:13,583
And when a school
senses a predator,
814
00:36:13,667 --> 00:36:17,417
they form into a tight
ball called a bait ball
815
00:36:17,500 --> 00:36:21,458
and they let it rip all at once.
816
00:36:22,917 --> 00:36:24,417
- [Sami] In lab tests,
817
00:36:24,542 --> 00:36:27,083
researchers have
recorded the sounds
818
00:36:27,167 --> 00:36:31,667
of herring passing gas sometimes
as high as 73 decibels.
819
00:36:31,750 --> 00:36:35,292
That's about the equivalent
of an alarm clock
820
00:36:35,375 --> 00:36:36,792
or a vacuum cleaner.
821
00:36:36,875 --> 00:36:38,708
So now imagine the sound
of a vacuum cleaner
822
00:36:38,792 --> 00:36:42,375
amplified by a million
times underwater.
823
00:36:43,000 --> 00:36:44,375
That's a pretty deafening sound.
824
00:36:44,708 --> 00:36:47,875
- [Andrew] It is a good thing
that the Swedes figured this out
825
00:36:47,958 --> 00:36:51,833
before fish flatulence
caused World War III.
826
00:36:57,875 --> 00:36:59,583
[dramatic music]
827
00:36:59,667 --> 00:37:03,458
- When a big hurricane hits
Florida, the damage is massive,
828
00:37:03,542 --> 00:37:07,125
but what washes up afterwards
is the real shocker.
829
00:37:07,208 --> 00:37:09,667
[dramatic music]
830
00:37:09,708 --> 00:37:11,500
- [Hakeem] In the fall of 2019,
831
00:37:11,625 --> 00:37:14,500
Hurricane Dorian tears
through Florida's Cocoa Beach,
832
00:37:15,542 --> 00:37:18,417
leaving a trail of destruction.
833
00:37:18,542 --> 00:37:21,583
In addition to ruined
houses and flooded roads,
834
00:37:21,667 --> 00:37:23,250
debris starts washing up.
835
00:37:23,333 --> 00:37:26,000
There are broken
docks, fishing boats,
836
00:37:26,083 --> 00:37:28,792
even huge 55-gallon oil drums.
837
00:37:28,792 --> 00:37:30,458
[dramatic music]
838
00:37:30,542 --> 00:37:32,333
- [Paul] One day a local
resident is walking
839
00:37:32,458 --> 00:37:33,500
along the beach
840
00:37:33,625 --> 00:37:36,625
when they see a lone duffle bag
841
00:37:36,708 --> 00:37:39,333
along with all the other debris.
842
00:37:39,375 --> 00:37:42,250
The duffle bag is covered
in seaweed and sand,
843
00:37:42,333 --> 00:37:44,875
and they go to brush
it off and unzip it.
844
00:37:46,083 --> 00:37:47,375
And then they freeze.
845
00:37:47,500 --> 00:37:48,833
- Inside the duffle bag,
846
00:37:48,875 --> 00:37:52,250
they find a series of
brick-shaped packages.
847
00:37:52,375 --> 00:37:54,792
[dramatic music]
848
00:37:54,875 --> 00:37:57,667
It looks just like a
scene out of "Miami Vice."
849
00:37:57,750 --> 00:37:59,875
And if these are what
they look like they are,
850
00:37:59,958 --> 00:38:01,042
they're also illegal,
851
00:38:01,167 --> 00:38:02,792
and so they immediately
call the police.
852
00:38:04,000 --> 00:38:06,333
- [Danny] Authorities
confirm this duffle bag
853
00:38:06,375 --> 00:38:08,792
is holding 15 bricks of cocaine,
854
00:38:08,792 --> 00:38:13,667
with a street value of nearly
half a million dollars.
855
00:38:14,750 --> 00:38:16,292
- A few days later,
a married couple
856
00:38:16,375 --> 00:38:19,000
is walking along the
beach around 20 miles away
857
00:38:19,042 --> 00:38:21,792
when they come upon a
plastic-wrapped bundle.
858
00:38:21,917 --> 00:38:24,417
This time it's stamped
with the word diamante,
859
00:38:24,542 --> 00:38:26,333
which is Spanish for diamond.
860
00:38:26,375 --> 00:38:28,375
They alert another officer,
861
00:38:28,375 --> 00:38:31,333
and sure enough, it's
another package of cocaine.
862
00:38:31,375 --> 00:38:32,333
[dramatic music]
863
00:38:32,500 --> 00:38:34,375
- [Danny] Why is so much cocaine
864
00:38:34,458 --> 00:38:38,042
suddenly washing up
across Florida's shores?
865
00:38:38,167 --> 00:38:39,833
- It's no secret that smugglers
866
00:38:39,917 --> 00:38:42,833
are often using the
water to ship cocaine.
867
00:38:42,917 --> 00:38:45,500
They're using boats, they're
using even submarines.
868
00:38:45,542 --> 00:38:46,417
- [Coast Guard Officer]
All right, go, go, go!
869
00:38:46,500 --> 00:38:48,333
[fist banging]
870
00:38:54,417 --> 00:38:57,042
- [Micah] Between late
2024 and early 2025,
871
00:38:57,125 --> 00:39:01,583
the US Coast Guard intercepts
almost 24 tons of cocaine
872
00:39:01,667 --> 00:39:03,458
from smugglers at sea.
873
00:39:03,542 --> 00:39:05,917
And that's only what they
actually managed to catch.
874
00:39:06,042 --> 00:39:07,333
They're unsure of how much more
875
00:39:07,417 --> 00:39:09,625
might slip through the cracks.
876
00:39:09,708 --> 00:39:11,583
- [Danny] These
seaside discoveries
877
00:39:11,667 --> 00:39:14,958
are evidence of drug
traffickers risking their supply
878
00:39:15,042 --> 00:39:16,583
to save themselves.
879
00:39:18,167 --> 00:39:19,625
- When storms are on the way,
880
00:39:19,708 --> 00:39:21,333
Coast Guard patrols ramp up.
881
00:39:22,625 --> 00:39:24,333
This puts the heat on smugglers,
882
00:39:24,417 --> 00:39:27,458
who sometimes panic and
dump their cargo overboard
883
00:39:27,542 --> 00:39:28,833
to avoid getting caught.
884
00:39:29,708 --> 00:39:31,417
- [Hakeem] Offshore
fishermen have a name
885
00:39:31,500 --> 00:39:33,083
for these floating drug bundles.
886
00:39:33,167 --> 00:39:35,708
They call them square groupers.
887
00:39:35,708 --> 00:39:38,542
They often see them floating
just beneath the surface,
888
00:39:38,667 --> 00:39:41,292
and most of them
eventually sink.
889
00:39:41,375 --> 00:39:45,500
- [Paul] When a massive Category
5 storm hits, like Dorian,
890
00:39:45,500 --> 00:39:49,000
which had 185-mile-
per-hour winds,
891
00:39:49,083 --> 00:39:50,958
those groupers get swept along
892
00:39:51,042 --> 00:39:53,125
with everything else
in the storm surge
893
00:39:53,208 --> 00:39:55,833
and end up on the coast.
894
00:39:55,917 --> 00:39:58,500
- [Danny] A few years
later, another storm blows
895
00:39:58,583 --> 00:40:02,125
the Hurricane Dorian
discoveries out of the water.
896
00:40:02,208 --> 00:40:06,167
- In 2024, as Hurricane
Debby slams South Florida,
897
00:40:06,250 --> 00:40:07,667
US Customs and border patrol
898
00:40:07,708 --> 00:40:10,500
find about 25 more
bricks of cocaine
899
00:40:10,542 --> 00:40:13,667
that have washed ashore
80 miles from Key West.
900
00:40:13,708 --> 00:40:15,708
Altogether, this haul
that they've discovered
901
00:40:15,708 --> 00:40:17,583
weighs close to 70 pounds,
902
00:40:17,667 --> 00:40:21,167
with an estimated street
value of more than $1 million.
903
00:40:21,208 --> 00:40:23,250
[dramatic music]
904
00:40:23,333 --> 00:40:26,125
- [Hakeem] I mean, these are
massive illegal fortunes
905
00:40:26,208 --> 00:40:28,208
just sitting there on the sand.
906
00:40:28,292 --> 00:40:29,500
And technically,
907
00:40:29,542 --> 00:40:32,667
under salvage law,
it is finders keepers.
908
00:40:32,750 --> 00:40:35,000
But if you happen
to find a duffel bag
909
00:40:35,042 --> 00:40:37,708
full of Schedule II narcotics
just sitting around,
910
00:40:37,792 --> 00:40:40,792
finders keepers is not
gonna hold up in court.
911
00:40:40,875 --> 00:40:43,417
[dramatic music]
912
00:40:44,750 --> 00:40:47,500
- A resurrected
rat, a killer cave,
913
00:40:47,583 --> 00:40:50,500
and life in the
most unlikely place,
914
00:40:50,542 --> 00:40:52,917
these are not just your
average discoveries.
915
00:40:53,042 --> 00:40:56,500
They're examples of some of
the world's wildest wonders.
916
00:40:56,583 --> 00:40:58,333
I'm Danny Trejo.
917
00:40:58,417 --> 00:41:00,583
Thanks for watching
"Mysteries Unearthed."
70408
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