All language subtitles for Mummies Unwrapped S01 E05_track3_[eng]

Romany: A DESECRATED TOMB
REVEALED A MUMMY OF A KING...

THEY TRIED TO DESTROY HIM.

HIS IDEAS WERE RADICAL.

...WHO WAS ERASED FROM HISTORY.

NOW, THIS MUMMY'S TRUE IDENTITY
COULD REWRITE THE BIBLE

FOR BILLIONS OF BELIEVERS
ACROSS THE WORLD.

IF AKHENATEN IS ACTUALLY
MOSES OF THE BIBLE.

THERE IS NO WAY.

♪♪

BUT HAS THE EVIDENCE BEEN HIDDEN
IN A COVER-UP

THAT LASTED
MORE THAN 3,000 YEARS?

COULD THESE BONES BELONG
TO MOSES OF THE BIBLE?

I FOUND MOSES.

♪♪

I'M ARCHAEOLOGIST
AND MUMMY EXPERT RAMY ROMANY.

ACROSS THE GLOBE,
EARTH IS GIVING UP HER DEAD.

OH, MY GOD. PEDRO, LOOK AT THIS.

THANKS TO CUTTING-EDGE
TECHNOLOGY,

NEW MUMMIES ARE UNEARTHED
EVERY DAY.

IT'S LIKE AN UNDERWATER
CRIME SCENE.

THESE MUMMIES HOLD
EXTRAORDINARY SECRETS...

OH, MY GOD. WHAT IS THIS?

PRICELESS.

...IF YOU KNOW HOW TO UNWRAP IT.

THAT CHANGES EVERYTHING.

THIS IS...

--Captions by VITAC--
www.vitac.com

CAPTIONS PAID FOR BY
DISCOVERY COMMUNICATIONS

♪♪

♪♪

ANCIENT EGYPTIAN PRIESTS

USED AN ELABORATE 70-DAY
MUMMIFICATION PROCESS

TO PRESERVE THE BODIES
OF THE DEAD.

THEY EQUIPPED THEM
WITH INSTRUCTIONS, PASSWORDS,

AND MAGIC SPELLS TO ENSURE THEIR
SOULS MADE IT TO THE AFTERLIFE.

BUT IN A TOMB
IN THE VALLEY OF THE KINGS,

A MUMMY HAS BEEN DISCOVERED

THAT WAS INTENTIONALLY
DESECRATED,

ROBBING ITS OWNER
OF ALL ETERNITY.

THE DISMEMBERED BODY
BELONGED TO AN EGYPTIAN KING --

THE PHARAOH AKHENATEN.

DEBATE RAGES AS TO WHY
HIS ROYAL REMAINS

WERE SO CRUELLY VIOLATED.

AN EMERGING THEORY SUGGESTS

A CONTROVERSIAL CONNECTION
TO MOSES,

WHO, ACCORDING TO THE BIBLE,
ANGERED EGYPTIANS

BY LEADING THE HEBREW PEOPLE OUT
OF EGYPT TO THE PROMISED LAND.

♪♪

I'M IN MY HOMETOWN ON CAIRO
TO DISCOVER

WHO THIS CONTROVERSIAL
PHARAOH REALLY WAS,

WHAT HE DID TO DESERVE
SUCH CRUEL TREATMENT,

AND UNCOVER
WHETHER MOSES OF THE BIBLE

MIGHT HOLD THE KEYS
TO THE ENTIRE MYSTERY.

♪♪

I'M HERE AT THE EGYPTIAN MUSEUM.

THIS PLACE LITERALLY
HAS MORE DEAD KINGS

AND QUEENS MUMMIFIED THAN
ANY OTHER MUSEUM IN THE WORLD.

♪♪

ROYAL PHARAOHS ARE ON DISPLAY.

YOU CAN SEE THEIR INCREDIBLY
ELABORATE MUMMIES,

BUT THE REMAINS FROM ONE PHARAOH
STAND OUT FROM REST --

THE CONTROVERSIAL
PHARAOH AKHENATEN.

I'VE ARRANGE TO MEET
THE LEADER OF THE TEAM

THAT DID THE MOST EXTENSIVE
RESEARCH ON THIS MUMMY --

THE GODFATHER OF EGYPTOLOGY

AND MY PERSONAL GODFATHER,
DR. ZAHI HAWASS.

CAN WE UNCOVER THIS?

TAKING THE CASE OFF A MUMMY
IS QUITE A BIG DEAL,

BECAUSE THE CASE HAS TO BE
COMPLETELY CONTROLLED

TO PRESERVE THE MUMMY
FOR OUR FUTURE.

THAT MUMMY CASE IS INTACT,
HAS NO OXYGEN.

IT'S A NITROGEN CASE.

AND TODAY,
WE'RE OPENING THAT CASE.

MOST OF THE MUMMIES
IN THE EGYPTIAN MUSEUM

ARE COVERED WITH A LINEN SHEET.

THAT'S WHY WE GOT PERMISSION
TO REMOVE THE GLASS --

TO BE ABLE TO SEE
THE FULL REMAINS

OF THE PHARAOH AKHENATEN.

YOU KNOW, I'VE NEVER SEEN
THE MUMMY OF AKHENATEN.

THIS WILL BE MY FIRST TIME,
DR. ZAHI.

♪♪

WOW!
LOOK AT THAT.

ACTUALLY, THERE IS
NO MUMMY OF AKHENATEN.

IT'S ONLY THE SKELETON
OF AKHENATEN.

AND IT WAS FOUND
AS A SKELETON?

IT WAS FOUND LIKE A SKELETON
LIKE THIS EXACTLY IN A COFFIN.

WHO ACTUALLY LOOKED
AT THE SARCOPHAGUS.

IN THE COFFIN?IN THE COFFIN.

KING TUT IS THE SON
OF AKHENATEN?

EXACTLY.

WHY DOES IT LOOK
SO DIFFERENT

THAN ALL THE REST
OF THE MUMMIES?

WHY IS IT NOT A PERFECTLY
SHAPED MUMMY?

THIS MUMMY
SUFFERED A LOT.

SO, YOU THINK
THIS WAS DESTROYED ON PURPOSE.

AKHENATEN STARTED THE FIRST
MONOTHEISTIC RELIGION.

EXACTLY.

EGYPTIANS OF THE TIME WORSHIPPED
MORE THAN A THOUSAND GODS.

SO FOR AKHENATEN TO MAKE
THE WORSHIP OF ONLY ONE GOD

WAS A RADICAL
AND CONTROVERSIAL MOVE.

WHEN AKHENATEN DEMANDED THE
WORSHIP OF ONLY ONE GOD, ATEN,

HE MADE POWERFUL ENEMIES
OF THE AMUN PRIESTS IN THEBES.

AT THAT TIME IN EGYPT, RELIGION
WAS THE MOST POWERFUL THING,

AND THE HEADS OF ALL RELIGIONS
WERE THE HIGH PRIESTS.

AND YOUR HIGH PRIEST
IS YOUR POPE.

AND IF YOUR POPE SAYS SOMETHING,

SOMETIMES IT'S MORE POWERFUL
THAN THE KING.

AKHENATEN AND THE AMUN PRIESTS
WERE SWORN ENEMIES.

THIS PART OF AKHENATEN'S STORY
IS VERY SIMILAR

TO THE MOSES STORY
AND THE ENEMIES HE MADE

WHEN HE INTRODUCED
THE WORSHIP OF JUST ONE GOD.

ONE OF THE MAIN QUESTIONS
THAT A LOT OF PEOPLE HAVE

IS IF AKHENATEN IS ACTUALLY
MOSES OF THE BIBLE.

THERE IS NO WAY.

NO WAY.

BOTH STARTED THE FIRST
MONOTHEISTIC RELIGION,

THEY BOTH TOOK THEIR PEOPLE
AND FLED NORTH OR LEFT NORTH.

THERE'S A LOT OF SIMILARITIES
IN HISTORY,

AND THAT'S WHY
IT'S INTRIGUING.

THIS COULD BE A THEORY.
WE DON'T KNOW.

MANY PEOPLE BELIEVE
THIS IS MOSES.

YOU HAVE TO FIND EVIDENCE,

BUT HOW CAN YOU FIND
ANY EVIDENCE?

DR. ZAHI LOVES
GIVING ME OBSTACLES,

AND I LOVE TAKING IT
AS A CHALLENGE.

♪♪

I'VE BEEN ABLE
TO ARRANGE A MEETING

WITH ONE OF THE FOREMOST
AKHENATEN SCHOLARS IN THE WORLD

AT THE BEN EZRA SYNAGOGUE.

THIS CAIRO LANDMARK'S HISTORY
AND TRADITION

DATE BACK THOUSANDS OF YEARS.

I'M HERE TO MEET
EGYPTOLOGIST AHMED OSMAN.

HE HAS A THEORY ABOUT AKHENATEN

BASED ON NEARLY
30 YEARS OF RESEARCH,

BUT IT'S VERY CONTROVERSIAL.

AHMED, YOU HAVE A VERY STRONG
REPUTATION AMONG EGYPTOLOGISTS.

EVERYONE KNOWS OF YOU.YES.

IT'S JUST A LOT OF THEM
DISMISS YOUR THEORIES.

YES. YES.

AND WHAT HAVE YOU FOUND?

ACCORDING TO THE OLD TESTAMENT,

MOSES WAS BORN DURING A TIME
WHEN THE ISRAELITES OF EGYPT

WERE CONSIDERED
A GROWING THREAT.

THE PHARAOH ORDERED ALL NEWBORN
MALE HEBREWS TO BE KILLED,

BUT MOSES' MOTHER HID HIM
IN A FLOATING BASKET.

HE WAS FOUND BY THE PHARAOH'S
DAUGHTER AND RAISED AS HER SON.

MOSES GREW UP
TO FREE THE ISRAELITES

AND LED THEM OUT OF EGYPT
TOWARDS THE PROMISED LAND.

ESTABLISHMENT AND MAINSTREAM
ARCHAEOLOGISTS...

YEAH.
...GOOD ONES,

NONE OF THEM WOULD
CONSIDER AKHENATEN

ANYWHERE CLOSE TO BEING
THE MOSES OF THE BIBLE.

YES.

WHEN IT COMES TO
ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE,

THERE IS A LOT
WE HAVE FOR AKHENATEN,

BUT WHEN WE TRY TO
COMPARE IT WITH MOSES,

WHAT ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE
WE HAVE FOR MOSES?

WELL, SHOW ME THE EVIDENCE.

LET'S GO.

♪♪

♪♪

♪♪

Romany:
AKHENATEN WAS NEVER IN A BASKET
AND WAS NOT FOUND ON THE RIVER.

THAT'S REALLY INTERESTING,

BECAUSE AKHENATEN'S LIFE
WAS THREATENED

WHEN HE WAS BORN...YES.

...BECAUSE OF HIS ROYAL LINEAGE.YES.

AND MOSES' LIFE
WAS ALSO THREATENED AT BIRTH.

YES.

IN HISTORY, AKHENATEN
IS THE KING OF EGYPT.

MOSES IS NEVER MENTIONED
AS A KING ANYWHERE IN THE BIBLE.

THE TALMUD IS A COLLECTION
OF AUTHORITATIVE

AND SACRED WRITINGS,
AS WELL AS ORAL TRADITION

THAT EXPANDS ON
THE OLD TESTAMENT OF THE BIBLE.

SO, THEY WERE BOTH BORN
IN THE SAME PLACE,

LIVED AT THE SAME TIME.

BOTH CALLED
FOR MONOTHEISTIC RELIGION,

THE FIRST OF ITS KIND.

BOTH WERE THREATENED
OF DEATH AT BIRTH,

AND BOTH ENDED UP
BEING A KING?

YES.

THE COMMON LINKS ARE --
ARE STAGGERING.

♪♪

DR. OSMAN HAS GIVEN ME
A LOT TO THINK ABOUT,

BUT I'M STILL NOT CONVINCED.

I'M HEADING TO THE SCENE
OF THE CRIME,

400 MILES SOUTH,

TO LUXOR'S WORLD-FAMOUS
VALLEY OF THE KINGS.

I'M HOPING AKHENATEN'S TOMB
WILL GIVE ME MORE CLUES

ABOUT WHO HE WAS AND WHETHER
HE CAN BE CONNECTED TO MOSES.

♪♪

THE VALLEY OF THE KINGS
IN THE ANCIENT TIMES

WAS THE GATEWAY
TO THE AFTERLIFE,

THE MAIN BURIAL PLACE
OF THE PHARAOHS, QUEENS,

AND HIGH PRIESTS BETWEEN
THE 16th AND 11th CENTURIES B.C.

TO DATE, 63 TOMBS
HAVE BEEN DISCOVERED

CARVED INTO THE ROCKS.

KV35 WAS REDISCOVERED IN 1898,

AND IT IS THE TOMB OF
AKHENATEN'S GREAT-GRANDFATHER.

WHEN THEY FIRST FOUND THIS TOMB,
THEY WENT INSIDE, LOOKED AROUND.

HOW MASSIVE, HOW GLORIOUS

AN ANCIENT EGYPTIAN
PHARAOH'S TOMB WAS.

TYPICALLY, ONCE A KING
BECOMES THE KING,

HIS TOMB STARTS GETTING BUILT,

BECAUSE A TOMB IS MORE IMPORTANT
THAN HIS OWN HOUSE.

A TOMB IN ANCIENT EGYPT

LITERALLY MEANS
THE HOUSE OF ETERNITY.

♪♪

THIS IS WHAT A ROYAL TOMB
SHOULD LOOK LIKE.

RIGHT HERE, THE ARCHAEOLOGISTS
FOUND AKHENATEN'S GRANDFATHER,

THUTMOSE IV,
AKHENATEN'S MOTHER, QUEEN TIYE,

AKHENATEN'S FATHER,
AMENHOTEP III.

DEFINITELY HIS SISTER.

THE MOTHER OF KING TUT
WAS ALSO HERE.

THE MOST SHOCKING PART OF ALL
WAS NOT WHO WAS FOUND HERE.

IT WAS WHO WASN'T.

♪♪

Romany: I'M HERE
AT THE VALLEY OF THE KINGS,

THE FINAL RESTING PLACE
TO MANY OF THE PHARAOHS

OF ANCIENT EGYPT.

I'M HERE TO LOOK AT THE TOMB
AKHENATEN'S MUMMY WAS FOUND IN.

I CONSIDER AKHENATEN'S TOMB

TO BE A 3,300-YEAR-OLD
CRIME SCENE,

AND I'M HOPING WE CAN FIND CLUES

TO EXPLAIN WHY
HIS MUMMY WAS DESECRATED

AND WHAT THAT SAYS ABOUT WHETHER
HE WAS MOSES OF THE BIBLE.

THIS, I BELIEVE,

IS THE MOST INTRIGUING TOMB
IN THE WHOLE VALLEY.

♪♪

THIS IS KV55.

THE FIRST THING THAT STRIKES ME

IS THAT THERE IS NOTHING HERE.

KV35, WHERE
THE FAMILY WAS BURIED,

WAS A VERY TYPICAL TOMB
OF THE 18th DYNASTY.

IT WAS SPRAWLING AND LUXURIOUS.

IT HAD UPPER AND LOWER SECTIONS
TO HOUSE THE TREASURE

AND ARTIFACTS THE KING
WOULD NEED IN THE AFTERLIFE.

THE LOWER PART HAD
THE BURIAL CHAMBER

AND THE KING'S SARCOPHAGUS.

IN CONTRAST, AKHENATEN'S TOMB
WAS VERY SMALL --

AN UNDECORATED SINGLE CHAMBER.

ALL THE PHARAOHS WERE BURIED
WITH FOUR SACRED BLOCKS

THAT SURROUNDED
THEIR SARCOPHAGUS.

THIS IS WHERE THE COFFIN
WOULD HAVE BEEN.

AND AROUND THE COFFIN,

THERE WERE FOUR FAMOUS
MAGICAL CARDINAL BLOCKS --

ONE NORTH, ONE EAST,
ONE SOUTH, AND ONE WEST.

THEY HAD INSCRIPTIONS ON THEM,
AND THE INSCRIPTIONS WOULD SAY,

"IF YOU COME ANYWHERE
CLOSE TO THIS,

YOU'LL BE CHOKED TO DEATH."

THOSE ARE THE REASON
WHY PEOPLE BELIEVE

IN THE CURSE OF THE PHARAOHS --
THOSE MAGICAL BLOCKS.

IN THIS TOMB,
AROUND THIS COFFIN,

THEY WERE DIFFERENT, THOUGH.

THOSE CARDINAL BLOCKS
WERE TURNED INWARDS

INSTEAD OF OUTWARDS.

THE INSCRIPTIONS
WERE ON THE INSIDE

AS IF THEY WEREN'T
TRYING TO PROTECT

THE CONTENTS OF THIS TOMB
FROM THE OUTER WORLD,

BUT THE OPPOSITE.

THEY WERE TRYING TO PROTECT
THE OUTER WORLD

FROM THE CONTENTS OF THIS TOMB.

WHEN AKHENATEN PUSHED
FOR THE WORSHIP OF ONE GOD,

HE PROVOKED THE ANGER
OF THE PRIESTS OF AMUN.

TO THE ESTABLISHMENT,
HE WAS A DANGEROUS THREAT,

JUST LIKE MOSES.

AND RIGHT HERE IN THE CENTER

OF WHAT SHOULD HAVE BEEN
THE BURIAL CHAMBER

WAS THE SARCOPHAGUS --

A DESTROYED MUMMY
OF KING AKHENATEN.

THE QUESTION I HAVE, THOUGH,
IS WHAT COULD HE HAVE DONE?

WE'VE SEEN OTHER PHARAOHS

THAT HAD POLITICAL DIFFERENCES
BEFORE AKHENATEN,

AND THEY WERE NOT
TREATED AS BAD.

♪♪

SOME OF THEIR NAMES
WERE ETCHED OUT,

SOME OF THEIR
ITEMS WERE TAKEN AWAY,

BUT THEY WOULD NEVER HURT
THEIR MUMMIES.

THAT'S MURDERING HIM
IN THE AFTERLIFE.

THAT'S DENYING HIM IMMORTALITY,

THE MOST IMPORTANT THING
FOR ANCIENT EGYPTIAN KINGS.

THEY LIVED THEIR LIVES
FOR IMMORTALITY.

WHAT COULD HE HAVE DONE?

IT MUST HAVE BEEN SOMETHING
SO SHAKING,

SO OFFENSIVE TO THE ENTIRE
EGYPTIAN POPULATION.

♪♪

FOR CLUES ABOUT WHAT AKHENATEN
COULD HAVE DONE

TO MAKE SUCH POWERFUL ENEMIES,
I'M HEADING TO A HOLY PLACE.

HERE, 3,500 YEARS AGO,

THE PHARAOHS BEGAN
CRAFTING THEIR LEGACIES

WITH AMBITIOUS
BUILDING PROJECTS.

AT A TIME WHEN EGYPT
WAS THE SUPERPOWER

OF THE ANCIENT WORLD,

THIS WAS WHERE ITS RELIGIOUS
AND POLITICAL POWER

WAS CONCENTRATED.

THIS WAS THE VATICAN
OF ANCIENT EGYPT.

KARNAK TEMPLE THRIVED
WHEN AKHENATEN CAME TO POWER.

AND EVEN THOUGH THE ELITE
LATER TRIED TO ERASE HIS MEMORY,

THERE ARE STILL CLUES
TO UNCOVER HERE

ABOUT AKHENATEN'S
MYSTERIOUS LIFE.

TODAY, I'VE ARRANGED TO GET
ACCESS TO AN EXCLUSIVE AREA

THAT I HAVE NEVER
BEEN ALLOWED IN BEFORE.

BUT FIRST...THIS IS THE HYPOSTYLE HALL,

AND IT'S WHERE I'M MEETING
EGYPTOLOGIST JAYNE VINE.

SHE'S BEEN DOING A LOT OF
RESEARCH ON ALTERNATIVE THEORIES

ABOUT WHO AKHENATEN
MIGHT HAVE REALLY BEEN,

AND I EXPECT SHE'LL BE REALLY
HELPFUL IN MY INVESTIGATION.

Dr. Vine: ONCE UPON A TIME,
THIS AREA WAS COMPLETELY CLOSED.

YEAH?

AND INSIDE IT
WAS THE INNER SANCTUM

OF THE GOD AMUN.

♪♪

AND THE MAGNITUDE
OF THIS PLACE

IS WHAT ALWAYS IMPRESSES ME
AND SHOCKS ME.

I MEAN, IN KARNAK TEMPLE ALONE,
YOU CAN SEE

OVER 1,000 DIFFERENT DEITIES
LISTED ON THE WALLS.

AND THEN AKHENATEN COMES
AND DECIDES,

"NO, SCRAP THEM ALL.

THERE'S ONLY ONE, ATEN."

IT REALLY IS THE SAME THING
MOSES DID IN THE BIBLE.

MOSES COMMANDED HIS PEOPLE
TO WORSHIP ONLY ONE GOD.

AND ONE DAY, BELIEVING
MOSES HAD ABANDONED THEM,

THE ISRAELITES SMELTED
A GOLDEN CALF

AND BEGAN TO WORSHIP IT.

MOSES WAS ENRAGED WHEN HE
RETURNED TO SEE THE BLASPHEMY.

AKHENATEN DIDN'T ALLOW
DEPICTIONS OF GOD ATEN AS A MAN

AND, LIKE MOSES,
WAS HOSTILE TO OTHER GODS.

AKHENATEN'S WRATH
WAS AIMED AT AMUN.

SO, HE WANTED TO DESTROY
AMUN SPECIFICALLY?

I THINK THAT WAS WHERE MOST OF
HIS ANGER WAS DIRECTED TOWARDS.

AMUN WAS THE MOST
PROMINENT GOD AT THE TIME

WITH THE GREATEST FOLLOWING
AND THE MOST POWERFUL PRIESTS.

AKHENATEN ORDERED HIS MEN
TO TRAVEL THE COUNTRY,

DESTROYING ALL IMAGES OF AMUN --

THE FIRST TIME IN HISTORY
A KING ATTACKED A GOD.

HIS IDEAS WERE RADICAL.

SOME HISTORIANS OUT THERE

BELIEVE THAT THERE IS
A CONNECTION

BETWEEN AKHENATEN
AND MOSES OF THE BIBLE.

IT'S A POSSIBILITY.

SO MUCH HAS BEEN DESTROYED
OF AKHENATEN,

BUT THERE MIGHT BE
A FEW KERNELS OF TRUTH

THAT WE ARE LOOKING FOR.

TODAY, I'VE ARRANGED
TO GET ACCESS

TO SECOND PYLON
OF THE KARNAK TEMPLE.

A PYLON IS A MASSIVE GATEWAY,

AND THIS ONE WAS BUILT
AFTER THE TIME OF AKHENATEN,

AFTER HIS LEGACY
WAS ERASED FROM THIS TEMPLE.

IN RECENT TIMES,
AN EARTHQUAKE HAS REVEALED

THAT THE PYLONS' INTERIOR WERE
HIDING SECRETS ABOUT AKHENATEN.

NO ONE KNOWS
ABOUT THIS PLACE,

AND IT'S A PRIME EXAMPLE
OF NATURE ARCHAEOLOGY --

WHEN AN EARTHQUAKE DESTROYS
A PART OF THE TEMPLE,

WHAT IS REVEALED FROM
INSIDE THAT DESTRUCTION.

I'M GOING TO TAKE
A CLOSER LOOK.

♪♪

WHOA! LOOK AT THIS!

Romany: I'M IN EGYPT
INVESTIGATING A THEORY

THAT AKHENATEN, THE PHARAOH
THAT WAS SO CONTROVERSIAL

HE WAS ERASED FROM HISTORY,

COULD ACTUALLY HAVE BEEN
MOSES OF THE BIBLE.

♪♪

I'VE ARRANGED TO GET ACCESS
TO THE SECOND PYLON,

ONE OF THE MASSIVE GATEWAYS
WHOSE HIDDEN INTERIORS

WERE ONLY REVEALED
BY A POWERFUL EARTHQUAKE.

THIS COULD BE
ONE OF THE ONLY PLACES

THAT HAS ANY
ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE

LINKING AKHENATEN
AND MOSES OF THE BIBLE.

[ ROCKS CLATTERING ]

[ BREATHING HEAVILY ]

YOU MIGHT LOOK AT THIS
AND THINK,

"THIS IS A TINY WALL,"

BUT THE PYLON IS 30 METERS HIGH

AND MASSIVE.

♪♪

YOU CAN SEE BITS AND PIECES
TO THE TEMPLE --

THE TEMPLE THAT THEY DESTROYED
THAT BELONGED TO AKHENATEN.

WOW!

THIS WAS A PART OF THE WALLS,

THE SUN RAYS THAT COMES OUT
FROM GOD ATEN,

THE GOD THAT AKHENATEN
BELIEVED IN.

WHAT'S INTRIGUING TO ME
IS HOW MOSES IS DESCRIBED

IN EXODUS 34 --

"HIS FACE WAS RADIANT,
AND HE GLOWED."

HE'S OFTEN DEPICTED AS HAVING
HEAVENLY RAYS OF LIGHT

SURROUNDING HIS HEAD,
RAYS THAT COME FROM THE SKY,

FROM HIS GOD,
VERY SIMILAR TO AKHENATEN'S.

THE ONLY REASON WE'RE HERE
IS BECAUSE OF AN EARTHQUAKE.

WE'RE INSIDE A STRUCTURE
THAT IS LITERALLY FALLING APART,

AND YOU KNOW WHAT THAT MEANS.

THAT WE SHOULD LEAVE.

AKHENATEN LEFT
THE EGYPTIAN CAPITAL

AND LED HIS PEOPLE NORTH.

SOME SAY HE MOVED THE CAPITAL
FROM THEBES BY CHOICE,

BUT OTHERS BELIEVE
THAT THE POWERFUL PRIESTS

THAT WORSHIPPED AMUN
STAGED A KIND OF A COUP.

♪♪

THIS MAY HAVE BEEN VENGEANCE
FOR AKHENATEN

UNDERMINING THEIR POWER AND
OUTLAWING THE WORSHIP OF AMUN.

IF SO, THEY WOULD HAVE HAD THE
EGYPTIAN ARMY CHASE AKHENATEN

AND HIS FOLLOWERS
NORTH OUT OF THEBES.

MOSES ALSO FLED NORTH
WITH HIS PEOPLE,

WITH THE EGYPTIAN ARMY
IN PURSUIT.

THAT, OF COURSE, LED TO
ONE OF THE MOST FAMOUS STORIES

IN THE BIBLE --
THE PARTING OF THE RED SEA,

WHICH ALLOWED THE ISRAELITES
TO ESCAPE TO FREEDOM.

♪♪

I'VE ARRANGED TO TALK
TO CARL DREWS, A SCIENTIST

FROM THE NATIONAL CENTER
FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH

IN BOULDER, COLORADO.

HE'S INVESTIGATING
THIS VERY SUBJECT,

AND WHAT I REALLY WANT TO KNOW
IS IS IT SCIENTIFICALLY POSSIBLE

TO PART A BODY OF WATER?

CARL, I'VE HEARD YOU'RE DOING
REALLY EXTRAORDINARY RESEARCH

ABOUT EXODUS
AND THE DIFFERENT ROUTES

THAT BIBLICAL MOSES
TOOK BACK IN THE TIME.

Drews:
YES. SO, AS YOU KNOW, WHEN YOU
READ THE ACCOUNT IN EXODUS 14,

IT SAYS ABOUT
THE STRONG EAST WIND BLEW,

AND THE WATERS WERE PARTED,

AND MOSES WENT ACROSS
BETWEEN THE WAVES.

SO THIS SOUNDS LIKE THIS THING
CALLED WIND SETDOWN,

WHERE WIND BLOWS ACROSS
THE SURFACE OF THE WATER,

AND THE WATER MOVES AWAY
FROM THE SHORE,

AND SO YOU GET THE DROP
IN WATER LEVEL AND DRY LAND.

BUT THEN WHEN THE WIND
STOPS BLOWING,

THE WATERS WILL COME BACK
TOGETHER AGAIN.

ACCORDING TO CARL'S THEORY,
WINDS FROM THE EAST

BLEW HARD ENOUGH TO PUSH
THE WATER JUST FAR ENOUGH

TO ONE SIDE TO ALLOW MOSES
AND HIS FOLLOWERS TO CROSS.

IT SOUNDS LIKE THERE MUST BE
SPECIFIC CONDITIONS

FOR THIS TO TAKE PLACE.

TO TEST MY THEORY, I COULDN'T
BRING UP A REAL HURRICANE,

SO I SET UP WHAT'S CALLED
A COMPUTER MODEL.

THEN I COULD BLOW A DIGITAL WIND
OVER THE SURFACE,

AND THAT WOULD
BLOW AWAY THE WATER.

CALCULATING WITH
THE LAWS OF PHYSICS

VERY CAREFULLY
AND ACCURATELY,

WE CAME UP WITH A WIND SPEED
OF 62 MILES AN HOUR.

THAT WAS
THE STRONGEST WIND

THAT I FIGURED A MIXED GROUP
OF ADULTS AND CHILDREN

COULD WALK AND STILL MAKE
FORWARD PROGRESS.

AND THEN YOU WANT SOMETHING TO
BE NO MORE THAN 3 METERS DEEP.

I SEE.THE OTHER WAY TO TEST IT

IS TO LOOK BACK
AT SITUATIONS

AND SEE IF THIS HAS HAPPENED
BEFORE IN RECORDED HISTORY,

AND IT HAS HAPPENED.

THERE WAS AN INCIDENT
LIKE THIS HAPPENED IN 1883

IN THE EASTERN NILE DELTA,

WHERE A BIG WIND
CAME UP FROM THE EAST

AND IT COMPLETELY
BLEW AWAY LAKE MANZALA.

IT DISAPPEARED
OVER THE HORIZON.

OKAY, BUT MOSES PARTED
THE RED SEA, NOT A LAKE.

AND THE RED SEA IS
A MASSIVE BODY OF WATER.

HOW CAN YOU TELL EXACTLY
WHERE MOSES OF THE BIBLE

PARTED IT AND CROSSED IT?

WELL, THERE'S BEEN
A TRANSLATION ERROR IN THE BIBLE

FOR A VERY LONG TIME.

THE SCHOLARS WHO TRANSLATED THAT
TOOK THE HEBREW PHRASE YAM SUPH,

WHICH CLEARLY MEANS
"THE SEA OF REEDS,"

AND THEY TRANSLATED THAT
TO "THE RED SEA" IN GREEK.

NOBODY REALLY KNOWS WHY
IT WAS TRANSLATED THAT WAY.

IT WAS PROBABLY THEIR BEST GUESS
AS TO WHERE THIS EVENT HAPPENED.

♪♪

SO, YOU BELIEVE

THAT IT IS POSSIBLE

THAT MOSES
PARTING THE RED SEA

COULD HAVE BEEN
MOSES PARTING THE NILE?

YES, I'VE LOOKED THIS UP
WITH QUITE A FEW SCHOLARS,

AND THEY ALL AGREE
THAT THE PHRASE YAM SUPH --

YAM MEANS SEA,
SUPH MEANS REEDS.

CARL, YOU UNDERSTAND,
THAT'S A BIG DEAL.

EVERYONE KNOWS THAT MOSES
CROSSED THE RED SEA,

AND YOU TODAY ARE TELLING ME
IT'S A MISTAKE,

AND IT WASN'T THIS RED SEA.

IT LITERALLY TRANSLATES
TO "THE SEA OF REEDS."

AS A KID, I USED TO SING SONGS
ABOUT PARTING THE RED SEA

AND HEARD ABOUT THESE STORIES,
BUT IT IS A MISTRANSLATION

AND A MISINTERPRETATION
OF THE BIBLICAL TEXT.

THIS REVELATION IS HUGE,

BECAUSE IT NOW PLACES
MOSES' EXODUS

IN THE SAME RELATIVE
LOCATION AS AKHENATEN'S.

INSTEAD OF CROSSING THE RED SEA,

WHICH IS MUCH FURTHER
NORTH AND EAST,

IT IS POSSIBLE THAT
HE JUST CROSSED THE NILE.

IF THAT'S THE CASE, THAT SPOT
COULD BE THE SPOT

THAT IS BELIEVED TO BE MOSES OF
THE BIBLE PARTING THE RED SEA.

CARL, IF I'M GOING TO GO OUT
AND FIND THIS MYSELF,

WHAT EXACTLY
AM I LOOKING FOR?

RIGHT, THEY WOULD GO ACROSS
ON A SHALLOW FORD.

SO THE MAGIC COMBINATION
IS A PLACE

WHERE THE NILE FLOWS
EAST TO WEST,

IS LESS THAN
3 METERS DEEP,

AND A PLACE WHERE SANDBARS
TYPICALLY FORM --

THAT WOULD BE
THE PLACE TO LOOK.

♪♪

NOW THAT I KNOW THAT THE RED SEA
IS ACTUALLY THE SEA OF REEDS,

THE BOOK OF EXODUS
COULD ACTUALLY BE REFERRING

TO MOSES CROSSING THE NILE.

BUT ARE THERE ANY
PARTS OF THE NILE

THAT MEET THE CONDITIONS
CARL LAID OUT IN HIS RESEARCH?

HEADING NORTH FROM LUXOR,
THERE ARE TWO SMALL SECTIONS

WHERE THE NILE FLOWS
EAST TO WEST.

♪♪

HOW LONG HAVE YOU BEEN
DOING THIS, NATTAR?

LONG TIME.
MAYBE 15 YEARS, 20 YEARS.

AND, NATTAR, IN ALL THE TIME
YOU'VE BEEN DOING THIS,

HAVE YOU EVER
EXPERIENCED A DAY

WHERE IT WAS REALLY,
REALLY WINDY?

WHEN IT WAS REALLY WINDY,
DID YOU NOTICE

THE WATER SPLITTING?

[ SPEAKS ARABIC ]

YES.

MOVING?
YES.

LIKE THE RED SEA?

YES.

♪♪

Romany: WAS THE CONTROVERSIAL
PHARAOH AKHENATEN

ACTUALLY MOSES OF THE BIBLE?

BOTH MEN FLED NORTH
WITH THEIR FOLLOWERS

AND CROSSED A BODY OF WATER
TO ESCAPE THE EGYPTIAN ARMY.

IF I FIND A PLACE WHERE THE NILE
FLOWS EAST TO WEST

AND THE WATER IS SHALLOWER
THAN 10 FEET,

THIS COULD BE AN INDICATION

THAT THIS EVENT TOOK PLACE
NOT IN THE RED SEA,

BUT HERE ALONG EGYPT'S
FAMED RIVER -- THE NILE.

♪♪

LOOK AT THIS.

THE SEA OF REED.

HOW LONG HAVE YOU BEEN
DOING THIS, NATTAR?

LONG TIME.
MAYBE 15 YEARS, 20 YEARS.

AND, NATTAR, IN ALL THE TIME
YOU'VE BEEN DOING THIS,

HAVE YOU EVER
EXPERIENCED A DAY

WHERE IT WAS REALLY,
REALLY WINDY?

WHEN IT WAS REALLY WINDY,
DID YOU NOTICE

THE WATER SPLITTING?

[ CONVERSING IN ARABIC ]

♪♪

SO, NATTAR HERE SAID
THAT IT WAS VERY WINDY,

AND IN THE SHALLOW PARTS
OF THE WATER,

HE SAID HE SAW THE WATER
NEARLY OPENING UP.

♪♪

THIS IS A GOOD SPOT
FOR US TO STOP

AND CHECK HOW DEEP
THE NILE HERE IS.

HAVE YOU SEEN
ONE OF THESE BEFORE?

THIS IS
AN UNDERWATER DRONE.

THE NILE'S WATER IS MURKY,

SO THIS DRONE WILL HELP ME
DETECT THE DEPTH

AND LOCATE
ANY POSSIBLE SANDBARS.

ALL OVER THE NILE,
THERE IS A SEA OF REEDS

THAT COMES OUT.

ONE LITTLE DIFFERENCE
IN TRANSLATION --

THE RED SEA OR THE SEA OF REED

MEANS THAT WE COULD HAVE BEEN
LOOKING AT THE WRONG PLACE

THIS WHOLE TIME.

♪♪

♪♪

THE WATER IS QUITE MURKY.

I'M TRYING TO GET DEEPER,

BUT IT'S NOT EASY.

EGYPTOLOGISTS HAVE NOT FOUND
ANY EVIDENCE OF THE EXODUS

HERE IN EGYPT YET,

BUT BECAUSE IN THE BIBLE,
THE STORY IS SO DETAILED,

MOST EGYPTOLOGISTS ACTUALLY
BELIEVE THE EXODUS HAPPENED.

AND IF AKHENATEN WAS THE MAN
OF THE EXODUS --

IF HE TOOK HIS PEOPLE
TO HIS NEW CAPITAL CITY,

AND THIS WAS THE EXODUS,

THEN THIS COULD BE
THE ROUTE HE TOOK.

♪♪

I'M 4 1/2 METERS DEEP,

AND I HAVEN'T REACHED
THE BOTTOM OF THE NILE YET.

IT'S NOT GOOD NEWS.

WE HAVE TO CHECK
A DIFFERENT SPOT.

THE FIRST SPOT WE CHECKED
WAS TOO DEEP

TO BE THE LOCATION
FOR THE EXODUS CROSSING,

SO NATTAR IS TAKING ME
FURTHER UP THE NILE.

HE KNOWS OF A PLACE JUST BEFORE
THE RIVER TURNS NORTH

THAT MIGHT BE SHALLOWER

AND COULD BE THE LOCATION
I'M LOOKING FOR.

HOW DEEP IS IT HERE?

THAT'S IT?
YEAH.

THIS PART OF THE NILE
IS VERY SHALLOW.

VERY SHALLOW.

LOOK.OH, THAT'S THE SOIL FROM HERE?

THIS -- THIS SAND
RIGHT THERE?

SO, THIS TIME OF THE YEAR,
IT GETS TOO STUCK

THAT THEY NEED BOATS
TO DIG UP THE SAND,

AND THEY THROW IT RIGHT THERE?YES.

WHICH MEANS THIS PART OF
THE NILE IS PRONE TO SANDBARS.

THIS MONTH.

FROM WHAT NATTAR IS TELLING ME,
THIS HAS TO BE THE PLACE.

BUT TO CONFIRM, I'LL NEED TO GET
THE DRONE BACK INTO THE WATER

AND ACTUALLY FIND
THOSE SANDBARS.

♪♪

GIVE ME MORE SLACK.
MORE, MORE.

MORE?YEAH.

I'M AT 4 METERS DEEP.

WAIT, WAIT. WAIT A SECOND.

♪♪

OKAY, STOP, STOP, STOP, STOP.

THE DRONE IS HITTING SOMETHING.
I CAN'T SEE WHAT IT IS,

SO I'M TRYING TO POSITION US
ON TOP OF IT.

THE CURRENT IS VERY STRONG.

OKAY. DO YOU SEE THIS?

IT'S A SANDBAR.

2 1/2 METERS DEEP,
THERE IS A SANDBAR.

THAT'S ABOUT 8 FEET DEEP.

WHEN THE DISPLACED WALLS
OF WATER CRASHED BACK TOGETHER,

IT WOULD HAVE MADE IT IMPOSSIBLE

FOR THE EGYPTIAN ARMY
TO CONTINUE THE PURSUIT.

THE SANDS AT THE BOTTOM OF THE
NILE ARE CONSTANTLY SHIFTING.

THERE COULD HAVE EASILY BEEN
LONG SANDBARS IN THE SHALLOWS.

STRONG ENOUGH WINDS --
THAT'S ALL IT TAKES.

STRONG ENOUGH WINDS
WOULD PART THE NILE INTO TWO,

AND IT WOULD ALLOW FOR
A REED SEA CROSSING RIGHT THERE.

2 1/2 METERS DEEP
IS THE PERFECT DEPTH.

IF THE WINDS ARE STRONG ENOUGH,
HE OPENS UP --

IT OPENS UP INTO A BRIDGE.

♪♪

THIS IS ANOTHER
VERY INTRIGUING OVERLAP

BETWEEN THE STORIES
OF AKHENATEN AND MOSES.

AND WHILE REED SEA CROSSING
IS SCIENTIFICALLY PLAUSIBLE,

WHAT I STILL WANT
IS ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE.

AND TO LOOK FOR THAT,
I NEED TO GO TO THE PLACE

WHERE AKHENATEN WAS LAST
SEEN ALIVE -- AMARNA.

THAT'S THE CAPITAL HE BUILT
IN THE MIDDLE OF THE DESERT.

I RECONNECTED
WITH DR. JAYNE VINE,

AND WE'RE HEADING TO AMARNA
TO INVESTIGATE.

RIGHT THERE, AKHENATEN SAW
THE SUN RISING

RIGHT IN THE MIDDLE
OF THE CLIFFS,

WHICH IS EXACTLY WHAT
THE SYMBOL OF GOD ATEN WAS.

AND THAT, HE BELIEVED,
WAS GOD ATEN TELLING HIM,

"THIS IS YOUR LAND.

THIS IS YOUR NEW CAPITAL."

IN THIS SACRED PLACE WHERE
NO OTHER GODS OR GODDESSES

HAD EVER BEEN
WORSHIPPED HERE.

MANY HISTORIANS BELIEVE
THAT AKHENATEN RELOCATED

THE CAPITAL TO AMARNA

TO UNDERMINE
THE PRIESTS OF THEBES,

BUT OTHERS INSIST THAT AKHENATEN
WAS FORCED INTO EXILE

AND FLED NORTH WITH
THE EGYPTIAN ARMY IN PURSUIT.

THEY BELIEVE THIS WAS PUNISHMENT
FOR IMPOSING MONOTHEISM.

IF THIS VERSION IS CORRECT,

IT DOES SOUND A LOT LIKE
THE BIBLICAL ACCOUNT OF MOSES

LEADING HIS PEOPLE
INTO THE EXODUS.

HERE IT IS --
THE ONE COLUMN AND A HALF

THAT IS LEFT
FROM ALL THE CITY OF AMARNA.

ALWAYS SOMETHING THAT STRIKES ME
AS I'M LOOKING AROUND

AND SEEING THAT
THERE'S JUST NOTHING LEFT.

NOTHING LEFT.
THEY HAVE DESTROYED IT.

THERE'S INCREDIBLE SECRETS.

IT'S A SOUTH TOMB.

MOST OF THESE TOMBS
ARE NOW EMPTY,

INCLUDING THE TOMB AKHENATEN
BUILT FOR HIMSELF HERE.

BUT I'VE GOT AN ACCESS
TO THE TOMB

OF AKHENATEN'S ROYAL SCRIBE --

A TOMB THAT HASN'T BEEN
OPENED FOR 50 YEARS.

THE ROYAL SCRIBE IS THE MOST
TRUSTED ADVISOR TO THE KING

AND POSSIBLY KEPT
ALL HIS SECRETS.

♪♪

THIS HAS NOT BEEN OPENED
IN A LONG TIME.

HERE WE GO.

FLASHLIGHTS. LET'S GO.

♪♪

♪♪

-LOOK AT THIS.
-WHAT'S IN BEHIND.

THE FALSE DOOR.

YOU'RE GOING FIRST.[ BOTH CHUCKLE ]

YEAH, NO, I'M GOING FIRST,
JAYNE, NO PROBLEM.

♪♪

ALL RIGHT, WATCH YOU HEAD.
WATCH YOUR HEAD.

OH, LORD.

A ROYAL SCRIBE
WAS THE KEEPER OF THE TEXTS.

LITTLE IS KNOWN OF AKHENATEN,

BUT HIS SCRIBE HAD ACCESS
TO ALL THE PHARAOH'S SECRETS.

IF THERE IS A RECORD
OF WHAT HAPPENED TO AKHENATEN,

IT IS IN THIS TOMB.

JAYNE, DO YOU SEE THIS?

YEAH.
RIGHT THERE.

LOOK AT THAT.

HIEROGLYPHS.

OH, WOW.

THERE ARE A LOT OF THESE SCENES
OF AKHENATEN AND NEFERTITI

PRESENTING OFFERINGS
TO THE GODS.

THIS IS THE ONLY ONE WHERE
HE'S PRESENTING CARTOUCHES

WITH HIEROGLYPHIC
INSCRIPTIONS ON THEM.

IN JUDAISM, THE TABLETS

WERE THE WORDS OF GOD
GIVEN TO MOSES.

THE TEN COMMANDMENTS WERE
THE TABLETS GIVEN FROM GOD.

THESE CARTOUCHES READ...

[ SPEAKING ARABIC ]

♪♪

THIS, AND
I'M PARAPHRASING,

MEANS THAT "I AM HOLDING
THE WORDS OF GOD."

♪♪

THIS COULD EASILY
BE DESCRIBING MOSES.

♪♪

Romany: CROSSING THE STREETS
OF CAIRO, THERE'S A SCIENCE.

[ CAR HORNS BLARING ]YOU HAVE TO HAVE CONFIDENCE

AND EYE CONTACT
WITH THE DRIVERS.

IF THEY SEE YOU IN THE EYE,
THEY WILL NOT KILL YOU.

SO HERE'S HOW IT GOES.

DO NOT HESITATE
WHILE CROSSING THE STREET,

OR ELSE THIS WILL BE
YOUR LAST DAY.

LET'S GO. EYE CONTACT.

YOU STARE THEM IN THE EYE.

YOU TELL THEM I'M COMING.

THEY DON'T WANT TO KILL YOU
IF THEY SEE YOU

WITH THE EYE CONTACT.

AND YOU RAISE YOUR HAND,
AND YOU THANK THEM

BEFORE THEY KILL YOU,
AND YOU'RE GOOD.

WE'RE SAFE AND SOUND

ACROSS TO THE OTHER SIDE
OF THE STREET.

OFF TO THE MUSEUM.

♪♪

Romany:
WE'RE DESCENDING INTO THE TOMB

WHERE AKHENATEN'S SCRIBE
WAS BURIED.

HE KNEW THE PHARAOH'S SECRETS,

AND I'M LOOKING FOR
ANY EVIDENCE TO SUGGEST

THAT AKHENATEN WAS MOSES
OF THE BIBLE.

Romany:
JAYNE, DO YOU SEE THIS?

Dr. Vine: YEAH.RIGHT THERE.

LOOK AT THAT.

HIEROGLYPHICS.HIEROGLYPHS.

OH, WOW.

THERE IS A LOT OF THESE SCENES
OF AKHENATEN AND NEFERTITI

PRESENTING OFFERINGS
TO THE GODS.

THIS IS THE ONLY ONE WHERE
HE'S PRESENTING CARTOUCHES

WITH HIEROGLYPHIC
INSCRIPTIONS ON THEM.

THESE CARTOUCHES READ --

THIS, AND
I'M PARAPHRASING,

MEANS THAT "I AM HOLDING
THE WORDS OF GOD."

IN STANDARD WORLD, CARTOUCHES
WOULD HAVE NAMES OF GODS,

NAMES OF KINGS.

THESE CARTOUCHES DON'T.

"I'M HOLDING
THE WORDS OF GOD."

THIS LITERALLY MEANS
THE WORDS OF GOD.

AKHENATEN IS BASICALLY HOLDING
THE WORDS OF GOD IN HIS HANDS.

THIS LOOKS TO ME LIKE AKHENATEN
IS HOLDING THE TABLETS,

AND AKHENATEN IS MOSES.

♪♪

AFTER THE EXODUS, MOSES LED
THE ISRAELITES TO MOUNT SINAI.

HE CLIMBED IT
AND RECEIVED THE TABLETS

WITH THE WORD OF GOD INSCRIBED
ON THEM -- THE TEN COMMANDMENTS.

NO OTHER ANCIENT EGYPTIAN
KING HAS THIS --

HOLDING THE TWO TABLETS.

AKHENATEN.

AKHENATEN HOLDING THE TABLETS
IS AN ICONIC IMAGE OF MOSES.

IT IS EASY TO SEE HOW
WHAT MAY HAVE BEEN ONE STORY

COULD HAVE BECOME TWO.

BUT AS STRONG AS THIS CLUE IS,

I'D STILL LIKE SOMETHING
TO CONFIRM IT,

SOMETHING ELSE FROM THIS PERIOD,

SOMETHING SUGGESTING THAT
THESE TWO FIGURES WERE ONE MAN.

♪♪

I'M PARTING WAYS WITH JAYNE,
HIKING INTO THE HILLS

TO SEE WHETHER THE ANCIENT
CAPITAL'S BOUNDARY STELAE

MIGHT PROVIDE ONE LAST LINK
BETWEEN AKHENATEN AND MOSES.

♪♪

MORE THAN 3,000 YEARS AGO,

AKHENATEN DECIDED TO LEAVE
THE CAPITAL OF EGYPT

BECAUSE THERE WAS NOTHING HERE,

BECAUSE THERE WERE NO OTHER GODS
THAT WERE WORSHIPPED HERE.

AND WHEN HE LANDED
AND CHOSE IT AS HIS CITY,

HE CONSTRUCTED
15 OF THESE BOUNDARY STELAS

ALL AROUND THE CITY.

THESE HAD STORIES.

THIS STELAE,
THE FIRST PART OF IT.

♪♪

HE WAS PROUD
OF THIS NEW CAPITAL,

AND HE LISTED ON TOP, "HOW GREAT
MY AMARNA CITY WILL BE."

♪♪

"THIS WILL BE THE CITY
OF GREATNESS,

AND IT WILL LAST
AS LONG AS HUMANS WILL."

THIS CITY ONCE SET ASIDE
FOR HIM AND NO ONE ELSE,

AND NOW IT'S TIME FOR HIM

TO TAKE WHAT HIS GOD
HAS PROMISED HIM.

♪♪

THE PROMISED LAND.

♪♪

THIS WAS AKHENATEN'S
PROMISED LAND.

♪♪

AND THAT'S A STRIKING
SIMILARITY.

DOES THAT MEAN MOSES' MUMMY
IS LAYING SOMEWHERE

IN THE HALLWAY
OF AN EGYPTIAN MUSEUM?

THE PROMISED LAND --

THAT'S WHERE MOSES
WAS TRYING TO REACH.

♪♪

IN ARCHAEOLOGY,
WE HAVE TO BE OPEN

TO WHATEVER TRUTH
THE EVIDENCE SUGGESTS,

EVEN IT CONTRADICTS

THOUSANDS OF YEARS
OF THEORY AND BELIEF.

EACH INDIVIDUAL CLUE
THAT I'VE UNCOVERED

IS NOT ENOUGH EVIDENCE
ON ITS OWN,

BUT TAKEN ALTOGETHER,

IT'S ENOUGH EVIDENCE
FOR SCHOLARS

TO SERIOUSLY CONSIDER THE IDEA
THAT MOSES WAS AKHENATEN --

A PHARAOH OF THE 18th DYNASTY

THAT INTENDED TO TRANSFORM EGYPT
AND PERHAPS THE WORLD

WITH HIS IDEAS ABOUT WORSHIPPING
WHAT HE CALLED THE ONE TRUE GOD.

IS IT POSSIBLE
THAT THIS IS THE MAN

WHO JEWS, CHRISTIANS,
AND MUSLIMS CONSIDER

ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT
PROPHETS OF THEIR FAITHS?

THE ANSWER TO THIS
3,000-YEAR-OLD MYSTERY

MAY REST IN THE HALLS
OF THE CAIRO MUSEUM

AMONG THE BONES
OF THE DESECRATED MUMMY.