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There's a country on Earth that has everything.

There's a country on Earth that hides many stories.

Stories about millenary civilizations...

and people who were the foundation of society as we know it today.

There's a country that hides ancestral myths and legends,

which have been passed on for centuries from generation to generation.

There's a place that still hides secrets,

and it wants the world to discover them.

Welcome to Peru: A hidden treasure.

From the coasts of the Pacific

to the dense Amazon rainforest,

and along the Andes, the highest mountains in the American continent,

there's a country with a history dating back thousands of years.

From the first men who inhabited these lands

to the first known civilizations,

it's a home to one of the biggest empires that once lived on Earth.

It's an empire that amazes the entire world even today

with its culture and architecture.

With its strategies and organization as a civilization.

it's an empire that extended almost over all South America at one point.

Peru is a country characterized by cultural diversity,

landscapes,

the different species that live in it,

and its rich and lush vegetation.

It's a country whose development has been determined by the relationship

between man and nature.

It's a country with a coastline that goes from North to South.

It has shores that lean out to the ocean,

and embraced by one of the driest places on Earth.

On this shore, we find the current capital city of Peru.

Lima.

Lima is on these cliffs,

and it is a home

to over eight million people.

It's a city that watches over and fervently protects the entire country.

It's a country that hides stories.

At one of the beaches, we find one of Peru's best protected traditions.

Huanchaco is the home of the caballitos de totora.

This vessel used by the local fishermen

is built with the totora,

a plant that grows lavishly in the area.

Some people say surfing was invented here.

The story says that the local fishermen

were the first to ride the waves on the caballitos de totora.

At sunset, on their way back from fishing,

they rode the waves when they are near the shore,

making a game out of it at first, and later, a sport.

Dono Urcia is one of the locals

who protects this tradition, which is almost 3,000 years old.

He shows it to the tourists and passes it from one generation to another.

The Peruvian Pacific Coastline

extends from the North, at the border with Ecuador,

and to the South, at the border with Chile.

It's a coast with crystal clear waters,

dry deserts, and mountain ranges

that reach the sea with its last slopes.

The relation between men and the sea

goes back to the origins of mankind.

It has served as a guide to find new worlds

and as the beginning of the exchange between cultures and civilizations

that have shaped society in our planet.

The sea has felt the impact of evolution and its balance is in danger.

These waters have been guarded by traditional fishermen

who have never stopped fighting for the safety of the ocean

and have become contemporary allies on their side.

They are allies who take care of the beaches,

the ocean, and the villages nearby.

Curious, adventurous and bold allies...

The Peruvian surfers

who discovered a world of perfect beaches,

and have fostered the creation of new urban centers.

Their premise is to enjoy nature,

to take care of it and to raise awareness of its importance

for the survival of every species,

including human beings.

I dare to say that I'm one of the first professional surfers in Peru.

I was amazed at the speed we reached on water.

I couldn't believe it.

I already liked it, but then it hit me and I fell in love with this sport.

Brunela is a young female surfer from the North, from Máncora.

She is very talented.

I really like how she surfs because it has so much power.

Tomás understands the lines

and those new moves that we see now on the circuit.

If he works diligently and hard,

he could be one of the best.

Punta Hermosa, a beach few minutes away from Lima.

It's one of the surfing capitals in Peru.

Máncora is a peaceful enchanting beach with a quiet sea.

The first surfers in Peru discovered several beaches up North.

Chasing the perfect waves and an eternal Summer,

they reached Cabo Blanco.

You spend a few days there and you share time with people.

You feel the place,

and you easily fall in love because life there is simple.

But at the same time, you get to experience

something really rare, which are these perfect waves.

It's like our treasure because it is always summer.

It is always warm and sunny, and that is something very hard to find.

Rises usually come from the Southern Hemisphere

and from the Northern Hemisphere.

There are storms that generate hurricane force winds

that raises huge waves in the open sea

and travel all the way to the shore.

We know that if there are big waves in Hawaii,

they will reach the north of Peru in five days.

About 540 kilometers from Cabo Blanco in the Port of Malabrigo

is Chicama Beach.

This beach is known worldwide for having the longest wave on Earth.

Visitors from everywhere

come to this beach to defy nature.

Being a great surfer is not enough.

Whoever decides to ride waves at this beach

will face the exceptional challenge of riding the board

much longer than usual.

Here, we could ride a wave that is 2.5 kilometers long,

as long as we have the skill and strong legs.

Up North, at El Ñuro,

under the green waters...

It is like greeting a regular visitor

for the green turtle.

The endangered species

is protected by almost every government in the world.

In many cases,

turtles go to the Peruvian Shore after nesting in Galápagos.

This is only one of the many creatures that inhabits our ocean.

During July and August, Peruvian beaches receive another visitor,

one of the biggest mammals on Earth,

the humpback whale.

Males fight over the female in heat. And after their conception,

the female has a gestation period of 11 months before giving birth.

They travel thousands of kilometers from the South Artic

to the Peruvian Coast to give birth and take care of their offspring.

This mammal can weigh around 30 to 50 tons

and be between 12 and 16 meters long.

The orca is their sole natural predator,

but human negligence and climate change

are the two main reasons

for the drastic drop in the global population of this whale.

This cruel reality has caused a reinforcement of measures

for the conservation and care of this species worldwide,

managing to control its population over the last years.

Far from this incredible sea life,

and barely 550 meters above sea level,

there is the Nazca Desert.

This piece of land

holds one of the biggest mysteries of mankind,

The Nazca Lines.

It's a set of images of animals.

The gigantic geometric shapes perfectly traced

in an area of over 600 square kilometers

make it impossible to believe they were drawn by humans.

If we take into account that they were created over 1,500 years ago,

a theory states that they were not drawn by humans.

However,

the strongest theories argue that it was the Nazca Civilization

who inhabited the area at that time.

It has not yet been determined

whether the drawings were parts of a gigantic calendar,

if they were astronomical signs,

or if they held a divine or protective power.

From the sky, one can see animals and vegetables,

and geometric shapes that extend for kilometers.

The Nazcas created a system of aqueducts which would enable the sowing

in areas like deserts,

where it almost never rains.

Thanks to these structures, we know that the Nazcas

were great forward-thinking engineers.

However, the method to such a perfect trace line

and the perfection in their angles

will forever remain a mystery.

The Peruvian desert

offers a rocky and distressing view

that makes it hard to believe that life is possible there.

In this very same desert,

we find one of the miracles Earth grants us with.

These sand dunes protect a wonder

and mystery of nature,

the Huacachina oasis.

Sand dunes in the desert of Ica extend through several kilometers.

They go as far as the eye can reach.

The green water emerges from underground,

creating a sense of peace.

Local people embrace the serenity

and invite visitors to an unforgettable journey.

Behind the oasis

is the Sun God

worshiped by every culture who inhabited these lands...

It sets in the horizon

and gives room to the cold night in the desert.

Nowadays, Lima is also the gastronomic capital of the country,

and some of the best chefs in the world live here.

I was born between these two worlds.

My father is Japanese

and my mother is Peruvian with Japanese blood in her family.

I love cooking.

Our drive as chefs

is to make people happy, and that makes us happy.

Once, I said

that good perfume would be one made of garlic and onions scents.

My grandmother visited the market.

The lady who worked with her is named Maura.

She cooked for the entire week.

On Saturdays, I didn't go to school so I used to sleep late.

Maura would come by nine in the morning, and would start cooking.

Of course, the first thing she did

was to chop garlic, onions, cilantro... And I used to wake up to that.

I would have my breakfast in the kitchen, and of course, I would watch Maura cook.

It didn't take long for me to say, "Can I help you?"

She used to cook Creole Food,

but with a taste of Japanese influence.

She worked with my grandmother.

At that moment it was not called Nikkei Food.

However, it was a Creole cuisine with hints of Japanese food.

So I left. I went to Japan. I had my grandparents' house.

I knew life in Japan was going to be hard, but I always knew that I belong in Peru.

I never wanted to stay there.

I left Peru to learn all that I could,

so then I could come back here and use my knowledge.

The person who gave me that final push and said,

"Hey, why don't you try this?", was my father.

He told me, "I told you that I saw you as an investment

and not as a son. If I'm going to invest in someone,

it should be someone that I trust

who will make things right and to someone I won't invest in vain."

He said, "I believe in what happened to you and I can invest in you."

Peru has the recipe for the perfect dish.

The secret comes from three main ingredients.

Its tradition,

which comes from all its millenary civilizations,

the biodiversity of its products,

and finally, the influence from foreign cultures.

All of that, for instance, can be found in Arequipa...

with its spicy food restaurants.

Part of the secret of Peruvian food

are the fruits that the land and the ocean bear.

In El Ñuro, fishery is artisanal.

To this day, fishermen use the same techniques

they practiced hundreds of years ago.

The goal of the region is not only to maintain

the traditional techniques in fishery, but also make it sustainable.

Brave and lone fishermen

venture up to 20 miles offshore

defying nature in little rafts.

At the end of the day, groups of artisanal fishermen

give us a glimpse of a stunning view.

Far away, a little vessel can be seen, and next to it, dozens of them.

They all come back from offshore with their daily catch.

The number of fishermen trying to recover this ecosystem is increasing,

and they struggle to raise awareness about caring for the oceans.

Far from the shore, inland Peru, there is the Highland Region.

Northeast of the Department of Arequipa,

there is a valley that extends nearly

12,000 square kilometers,

with depressions of up to 4,000 meters deep.

Infinite valleys

and mountains reach the skies.

Canyons shaped by time

lie across the Peruvian Andes.

Valleys guarded by beings who had arrived there

long before humans.

It is the largest flying land bird on Earth.

Its wingspan of almost three meters

claims this place as its home and it eagerly watches

what once was the largest empire in South America.

It is the Andean condor.

It's a carrion bird with black feathers and a slender body.

White feathers cover its neck and wings,

and it flies up to 70 kilometers per hour.

The Inca civilization considered the condor as immortal.

According to a myth, this bird can live up to 75 years.

When it gets old and when it feels that it is losing its strength,

it alights on the highest peak, retracts its wings and feet,

and plummets off into the bottom of a canyon

where its reign ends.

With this symbolic death, the condor goes back to its nest

from where it will be reborn into a new cycle of life.

The condor represented strength,

intelligence, elation and exaltation.

It was an animal respected by every being

who had inhabited the Andes even before America were discovered.

An animal responsible not only of good and bad omens,

but also of bringing the sun up every morning,

bearing their energy allowed them to grab the star

and raise it above the mountains so that the vital cycle would begin.

The condor protects its family.

It teaches their offspring to fly, and it's only when they can manage

to live by themselves and let them start writing their own destiny.

But it will never leave the partner that it has spent its life with,

because one would jump into the canyon

if the other one leaves this world early.

These mountains run through Peru from North to South,

like the backbone of a country

that has witnessed cultures and civilizations blossom throughout history.

Up North, there is the Department of Amazonas,

one of the most beautiful areas in the Peruvian Highlands.

On the rocky walls of these mountains, our ancestors left

the testament of their traditions and culture.

The Carajia sarcophaguses...

are the main expression of a pre-Inca culture

known as the Chachapoya culture.

As we can see, two of these leaders

have skulls on their sarcophagus.

This could be a sign of their leadership

in a warlike civilization as the Chachapoyas were.

In the Andean world view,

the mountains were sacred. They represented the origin of life.

Burying people in this mountain was a way of going back to the beginning of life,

and taking the highest ruler to a secluded place

that's inaccessible to everyone.

The techniques they used to access

these remote places remain a mystery.

The Peruvian Andes run along the entire region,

drawing landscapes among big mountains, canyons,

rivers and an area of biodiversity plants known as Highland Jungle.

This vegetation covers the mountains with trees and countless species.

Up North, precisely on these lands,

we find one of the most beautiful places in Peru.

It's the Gocta waterfall.

To get to this magical place,

we have to go over five kilometers of trails,

and hanging bridges through the mountains,

forests, rivers and lush vegetation.

This waterfall is over 700 meters tall,

one of the highest on Earth.

This amazing region

is now the pride of the bordering villages

that guard and watch over this wonder of nature.

Local people tell legends of treasures guarded by hidden mermaids

hiding at the bottom of the lake that the waterfall creates.

About 100 kilometers South of this area, it is necessary to go across two mountains

and to travel several kilometers from the nearest village

to get to an archeological site fiercely protected in Peru.

The fortress of Kuelap.

This place belongs to the Chachapoya culture.

It is located 3,000 meters above sea level.

The citadel was built in different stages throughout several centuries.

The Chachapoyas controlled this region from 900 A.D.,

until the arrival of the Incas after 1400.

The Incas added them into their empire

and while they scattered them out in order to keep them under control,

they respected their customs, which remain alive in the region.

To the Southeast, we find one of Peru's biggest treasures.

The highest waterway on Earth is 4,000 meters above the sea.

It's a stretch of water that extends over 6,000 square kilometers,

and it seems like an ocean in the middle of the Andes.

When sailing on the lake, one can lose himself

in the horizon, and yet he will not see the other side of the shore.

A wonder of nature

that is still home to communities

that live the way their ancestors did centuries before.

As the legend goes,

the Inca Empire was born in this lake.

But long before this great civilization,

these waters were inhabited by other cultures and civilizations.

The Uros are a native community

which live on floating islands along the lake.

On these islands made with the totora plant,

the Uros organize their communities.

If we travel through the river, we would find big and small groups

formed by a small group of families.

These communities distribute the power among themselves,

rotating the power of command and the decision making.

Women and men

take turns as the majors. It's the elderly people,

the wisest ones, who are in charge of keeping the tradition alive

and inherit their knowledge from generation to generation.

Far from the Uros, and even farther from the city of Puno,

we find one of the prettiest islands of Titicaca lake.

The island of Taquile, or Intike in Quechua language.

It's a perfect masterpiece of nature that extends to a total of five kilometers.

Bathed by the crystal clear waters of the Titicaca lake,

this island hosts a community that preserves its language and culture.

Surrounded by a rich environment, their livelihood is based on agriculture,

craftsmanship and knitting.

Nowadays, islanders market products with the Uros and other local communities,

and amazingly, they still practice barter transactions.

An island that to this day does not have electricity

or access to telecommunications

it invites us to a travel back in time

and to go to a complete disconnection from the world as we know it.

On this island lives one of the most traditional families.

Everyone has a role here,

from harvesting potatoes to hand weaving looms.

At the highest point, almost 4,100 meters above sea level,

these two brothers bid farewell to the sun

hiding far away in the horizon.

Southeast of Peru, on the Eastern mountainside of the Andes,

in the watersheds of the Huatanay river,

we find one of the most charming cities on Earth.

Cradle of one of the most fascinating civilizations,

the capital of Inca Empire.

Legend tells that in the Titicaca lake,

two siblings were born, who were also husband and wife.

They are Manco Capac and Mama Ocllo, sons of the Sun God,

They will carry out the mission of forming the capital of the future empire

in the valley of the Huatanay river, in Cuzco.

The streets still show traces of the Inca times

entangled with the colonization period.

In its architecture, we can see the influence of both cultures.

Its result is an exciting and breathtaking city.

Surrounded by houses built centuries before,

the residents still keep its tradition alive even today.

Historians agree on a curious fact.

While there are traces of civilizations

who inhabited the region hundreds,

perhaps even thousands of years before the Incas,

it wasn't until the 13th century A.D. that this city reached its peak,

making it the capital of the Inca Empire.

The largest empire that the American continent has ever seen

and one of the biggest on Earth.

Just a little over 100 kilometers from the city of Cuzco,

by train, flanking the Urubamba river,

or by walking through the mountains,

traversing sacred locations,

there are paths hiding ancestral stories.

Through those, we could reach

one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.

A masterpiece of engineering and architecture

that is evidence on how advanced the Inca Empire was.

Amid mountain peaks and a river that meanders the valleys,

we find...

the Incan ruins of Machu Picchu.

It was an administrative,

educative, political, religious

and scientific research institute of the Inca Empire.

Incan culture was only developed for 300 years,

from the year 1200 until the Spanish arrived.

In that short span,

they managed to build an empire that eventually conquered

and added to its own political system

different cultures, and civilizations

throughout a great part of South America.

They built this architectural marvel on top of a mountain

using the stone emerging in the region.

The Incas, who walked on these streets and slept sheltered by these walls,

were extremely advanced for their time.

It wasn't until the Spaniards arrived that this empire collapsed.

Today, the Inca civilization is the pride of every Peruvian

who seek to keep their heritage, tradition, and legacy alive.

Our roots and our respect towards them

will keep the legacy of a civilization alive,

that until today is admired by the rest of the world.

Peru bears the responsibility of preserving an ecosystem

that is very significant to Planet Earth.

Amazonia.

Located in the Loreto region,

this habitat running through the land

of over six million square kilometers

is the largest tropical forest on Earth

and reaches nine countries throughout South America.

Amazonia is known as the lungs of Earth

and it is the home to a great biological richness.

In this dense forest live a myriad of still unidentified plants,

thousands of birds,

and millions of insects.

The forest

is full of wild animals.

Each of them plays an elemental role

in the balance of this ecosystem.

Being the feast to another species

is the ever-present menace.

This nocturnal monkey,

which is seldom spotted awake during the day,

must hide in these hollow trees

to stay away from other life-threatening creatures.

Only if they feel imminent danger

would they come out to study the surroundings.

Near this tree

lives a great array of monkeys that climb high

to protect themselves against other menacing species.

The boa constrictor

can be up to four meters long

and can camouflage itself with vegetation.

It rolls up the trunks and can creep up to its prey's hiding places

to hunt by suffocation.

Each species has its preference.

Some of them have covenants of peace

and it allows them to stay alive in this world of predators.

There are also unbelievable creatures

who seem to live oblivious to the dangers of the forest,

like sloths

who spend most of the day napping between tree branches.

A mammal who can camouflage itself within vegetation

due to the greenish color of its coat.

It feeds on leaves and enjoy sunbathing.

On warm days, it shows off their belly.

But when the clouds arrive,

this animal sinks into a specific position to preserve nice body heat.

Its diet is solely responsible for its slow metabolism

and its unhurried movements.

On the leaves of this very same tree

lives this tarantula.

It can spend the entire day still

to prepare for the hunting hours during the night.

Its favorite food are insects,

such as ants marching like an army on the forest soil.

They are also the perfect meal

for this strange specimen,

the poison frog.

This little amphibian is barely a centimeter and a half long,

and it is one of the most lethal animals on Earth.

Its poison comes from the toxins of the insects that it feeds on.

Its colors allow it to camouflage itself

and to stay safe from its natural predators.

This frog is not the only animal that brings color to the Amazonia.

Hundreds of butterflies display their beauty in this ecosystem.

But they are not the only ones flying over the rivers and forests.

Countless birds plow through the skies of this forest.

An unconquerable climate.

The scorching heat lashes the region constantly

while humidity rises up from the rivers.

Although precipitations are consistent,

their intensities vary depending on the season

and it rains almost every day.

But the sun is always there, too.

Over a number of months,

the forests get flooded and receive new nutrients

that help this diverse ecosystem

get constantly renewed.

The floods are part of the perfect balance

of the miracles that nature gives us.

Rivers and canyons flank these forests.

It is precisely in the South of Peru

where the Amazon river rises, in the Arequipa region.

Its waters go all the way down from the snowy Misti

to the Ucayali river.

This, along with the Marañón river,

are the two main streams of the Amazon river.

These two currents meet to create

the longest river on Earth,

containing one fifth of the total amount of freshwater in a liquid state.

In the Loreto region,

we find the Pacaya-Samiria National Reserve.

With two million hectares,

this is the largest floodable tropical forest

in the Peruvian Amazonia.

It is also the second largest reserve in Peru.

Native communities have been living here

since the ancient times.

Thanks to the preservation

and the conservation of this area,

these communities and their habitat

are protected and secured.

Deep in the Amazon forest, there are still native communities

that haven't been counted,

and others that zealously protect their practices,

dialects, and traditions,

such as the San Jorge community living by the Marañón river.

The river dolphin swims there.

This friendly animal has managed to adapt to freshwater

and it is common to see them swimming in pods.

They can protect each other this way.

Not every creature in the forest chooses to live in the company of others.

A lonely animal lives here.

An animal that throughout its life

has only needed to hide from one predator:

humans.

The otorongo is better known as a jaguar.

The largest and most iconic feline of America,

and one of the largest in the world.

The otorongo rarely goes near humans.

Its sense of smell allows him to sense humans from over 200 meters away,

and to stay away from its biggest threat.

Its extravagant skin is the reason that this species is endangered

since it used to be marketed.

Their conservation is a widespread concern nowadays.

The richness of the Amazon forest

most probably has the answer and cure to almost every disease

that troubles human beings.

Its plants

and vegetation

hold the active ingredients

to practically any medicine,

no chemicals or industries involved.

Nature itself could be the answer to every illness.

Since ancient times,

shamans have developed a superior knowledge

of how nature can be used to cure human beings.

Luis Culquitón

is one of the most renowned and acclaimed shamans in the world.

His refuge is located deep in the Peruvian Amazon.

At this earthly paradise,

he receives people who are looking for healing.

When the shaman talks to the visitors,

he will reach the bottom of their soul

to be able to find the source of their suffering

and then decide the best healing process.

The ritual of Ayahuasca

is the first step towards an interior healing

and a cleansing of the soul that prepares the visitor

for the treatment the shaman has chosen for them.

Industries cannot heal modern men.

It's their minds,

their problems, and worries

that make their ailments.

And nature is the one that holds the cure for them.

The Amazon still hides our greatest treasure.

Taking care and preserving it

means to keep the raw materials alive to heal mankind.

The Peruvian tropical forests

play an essential role in the world's ecosystem.

These forests preserve the humidity

that brings warmth not only to the Amazon,

but also to the entire world.

This humidity helps balance the temperature

of the entire planet

through the equator's air flows.

Its deforestation could endanger every species on the planet,

including human beings.

Its impact will affect temperatures worldwide

which could worsen global warming,

and as a consequence, cause climate catastrophes

that could end the world as we know it.

It is our responsibility

to preserve the environment and its condition

to present the Earth to the next generations

just as we know it now.

This place is essential to comprehend and preserve our history.

It has been a sacred place.

Strangely, no matter the beliefs of its residents here,

none of them were either forced or prohibited.

Pachacamac

is, thus, a good example

of a place that brings together the cultures and beliefs

of those who had inhabited this country.

It's a place declared as a historic heritage

that holds the archeological treasures of iconic past cultures.

It is in our Latin America

where different cultures and traces of the world meet.

Peru stands as the example of tolerance and coexistence.

This country is a treasure in itself.

Within its people and traditions

lie its most precious treasure.

Congruity of ancestral civilizations,

influence, and descendants

of civilizations from every continent.

It is through its culture and customs

and even its culinary tradition that this country exists.

It is through the races and ethnicities that have lived here,

and through the understanding of the nature that surrounds it

that we can comprehend the relation between men and the environment.

It is through knowledge

that we can grasp the importance of preserving and knowing our past.

It is through the appreciation of the land we live in

that we can work toward a conscious preservation.

Protect it as the pride it represents and show it to the entire world.

Unity made us different,

and unity can make us great in the future.

It's here where we find Peru,

a hidden treasure.

Our treasure.

Subtitle translation by Victoria Parma