All language subtitles for Mayday.S03E06.Bomb.on.Board.1080p.AMZN.WEB-DL.DD+2.0.H.264-playWEB_track3_[eng]

A deadly explosion
rocks an airliner flying
at 10,000 metres.

A bomb has exploded onboard.
Bravo-Oscar-Mike-Bravo.

The blast kills a passenger
and cripples the plane.

The crew struggles
to save 293 lives.

The bombing sets in motion
an international manhunt.

Stop!

While the terrorist...

...prepares to strike again.

3,000?

- We're not getting any oxygen!
- We have the terrain alarm.
- Aero Peru 603...

We are in an emergency...

On December the 11th, 1994,

Philippine Airlines Flight 434
is two hours into the second
leg

of a routine flight
from Manila to Tokyo.

An unsuspecting passenger
is sitting on a ticking bomb.

The explosion onboard cripples
the flight control system.

Unless the pilot
can regain control,

the jumbo jet may crash
into the Pacific Ocean.

This is Philippine Airlines
434.

A bomb has exploded onboard.
Bravo-Oscar-Mike-Bravo.

The bombing
is a frightening new
development

by a terrorist
on the cutting edge of science.

The way that the timing device
was hidden inside
the Casio watch, um,

just made the whole thing
very concealable and, uh,

very worrisome.

But this is more than the hunt
for a terrorist bomber.

This is a story
of how investigators
make a shocking discovery.

The explosion on PAL 434
is only a test

for an attack
on American carriers.

An attack that would dwarf
every other terrorist atrocity
at the time.

It's before sunrise
on December the 11th, 1994.

While most inhabitants
of this city of a 1.5 million
have a few more hours to sleep,

26-year-old Armaldo Forlani
makes an early start.

Forlani is not his real name;
it's the alias he's chosen
for today's mission.

He's actually from Pakistan,
not Italy.

He is putting
his latest invention
through an important test.

Everything must go
like clockwork.

In his line of work,
there's no room for error.

He is a highly skilled
terrorist bomb builder.

He packs
the liquid-explosive bomb
very carefully.

From his apartment downtown,
it takes less than 30 minutes
to get to the airport.

He arrives in plenty of time
for his 5 a.m. flight
with Philippine Airlines.

Before he can board,

the bomber must outwit
airport-security
screening procedures.

He's designed the components
of his bomb to pass undetected

by X-ray
and metal-detection equipment.

Or so he hopes.

He bought the ticket
as Armaldo Forlani.

He's a skilled forger,

and he has made himself
a fake Italian passport
with that identity.

If his cover is blown,

his career as a globetrotting
terrorist is over.

Having successfully got the bomb
through airport security,

he boards
his Philippine Airlines flight.

The final destination of PAL 434
is Tokyo.

But there's a stopover
in the Philippine resort town
of Cebu,

over 550 kilometres to the south
of Manila.

This is as far as the bomber
is flying today.

That's 10,000 feet,
and weather still looking clear.

Thanks, Dex.
I'm engaging autopilot.

Good morning,
ladies and gentlemen.

This is your captain, Ed Reyes, speaking.

Welcome aboard Flight 434,

flying south from Manila
to Cebu,

and continuing onwards
to Narita Airport, Tokyo.

Flight 434
is under the command
of Captain Ed Reyes,

a former Air Force pilot
who's been flying

for Philippine Airlines
for nine years.

...and our estimated
arrival time is now 5:45.

The weather...

The first leg of the flight
is fairly empty.

Passengers are scattered around
the jumbo jet's 400 seats.

After takeoff,
the bomber is able to move.

He chooses seat 26K,

located directly
over the centre fuel tank
in some 747s.

The cabin is tended
by stewardess Maria de La Cruz.

She flies domestic routes,

and has worked
for Philippine Airlines
for one year.

- Can I get you some juice
or coffee?
- Juice, please.

Now the bomber must find
a vacant lavatory to assemble
the explosive device.

Arming the bomb
only takes minutes,

but requires
total concentration.

The final step
is setting the timer

so it will explode
in four hours' time,

long after he leaves the plane.

He hides the bomb
in the life-jacket pocket
underneath his seat.

He then changes seats.

When she returns,

Maria de la Cruz notices
that the roving passenger
has moved seats again.

She will remember that he left
his breakfast untouched,

and that the rest of the flight
passed uneventfully.

As Philippine Airlines
Flight 434 begins
its final approach into Cebu,

more passengers are getting
ready to board the aircraft

that will take them onwards
to Tokyo.

Cabin crew,
prepare for landing.

Cabin doors to automatic.

PAL 434 lands
in Cebu at 6:50 a.m.,

and several of the passengers
disembark,

including the bomber
with the alias Armaldo Forlani.

Bye-bye. Thank you.

Maria de la Cruz
will also leave Flight 434.

A new cabin crew will take over
for the 4.5-hour flight
to Tokyo.

256 new passengers board the 747
that arrived from Manila.

Many of the passengers
in this cabin are Japanese.

Among them is 24-year-old
engineer Haruki Ikegami.

He's looking forward
to getting home to Tokyo
after his first trip overseas.

Airport congestion delays
the departure by 38 minutes,

but the timer on the bomb under
seat 26K continues to tick.

8.30 a, m., Dec the 11th, 1994.

All passengers for Philippine
Airlines Flight 434

are now onboard
for the leg to Tokyo.

None of them is aware
that two hours earlier,

a terrorist planted a timebomb
under one of their seats.

Steward Fernando Bayot
is assisting passengers
in the forward cabin

on this 4.5-hour flight.

At 8:38,
PAL 434 is cleared for takeoff.

On the flight deck,

Captain Ed Reyes is assisted
by First Officer Jaime Herrera

and systems engineer
Dexter Comendador.

Reyes and Comendador are both
former Air Force pilots.

Haruki Ikegami is seated in 26K,

the seat occupied
by the bomber earlier,

on the first leg of Flight 434
from Manila to Cebu.

Several passengers in this cabin
are coworkers,

travelling with a Japanese
tour group,

including Keisuke Aoki
and Masaharu Mochizuki.

After takeoff,
everything seemed normal.

We were flying at 10,000 metres.

I was reading a magazine,
then the meal was served.

After eating, I went to sleep.

Thirty-one-year-old
Yukihiko Usui
stayed up all night

on the last day of his trip,

and he's ready to nap
after breakfast.

He's sitting in row 27,

one row behind the seat
vacated by the bomber
four hours earlier.

Ladies and gentlemen,
this is your captain speaking.

It's a beautiful day in Tokyo,
sunny and 26 degrees.

I expect we'll be landing
at Narita Airport
in two hours' time.

Two hours into the flight,
PAL 434 is cruising
on autopilot,

10,000 metres above
Minami-Daito Island,
southern Japan.

To ease the pilot's workload,

the autopilot remains on
throughout the flight,

keeping the aircraft
on a constant heading
and altitude.

"God, forgive me."

That was my...

inner, uh...

uh, thought, you know.

"God, forgive me.
I think I'm going to die now."

Then, after that,
I had to do what I had to do.

- Oh, I've lost control!
- I have control!

Dex,
check the pressurization loss.
Be prepared.

- Checking...
- Although the autopilot
instantly corrects

the aircraft's bank
to the right,

the effect of the blast
is far from over.

There was a loud bang,
which woke me up.

I could feel the plane
expanding from the pressure.

I saw smoke, as well as debris,
falling like powder.

Ladies and gentlemen,
please stay in your seat!

The injured people were trying
to get away from the area
where the bomb was.

Sit down!

I stood up
and saw that a lot of people
were bleeding.

I thought my life was over.

Stay in your seat, please!
The cabin crew's
first priority

is to stop passengers
leaving their seats.

Yukihiko Usui is sitting
in the row directly behind
the explosion.

Both his legs are badly wounded.

Steward Fernando Bayot moves him
away from the blast site.

Get me some blankets here!

Please sit down
and fasten your seatbelts!

Bayot's now turned
his attention to Haruki
Ikegami.

He has been swallowed
by the smoking hole
where seat 26K used to be.

I saw this man.

Only his head and his arms
were peering out of the hole,

so I tried to, uh, pull him out.

After the struggle
to lift him out,

Bayot realizes that part
of the lower half
of Ikegami's body is missing.

Within a couple of minutes,
he dies.

The cabin crew do not want
Ikegami's death
to panic passengers,

so they pretend
to minister to him.

Bayot then reports
to the captain.

Captain!

Okay.

Keep the passengers calm.
Make sure they stay
in their seats.

There's been an explosion
in row 26.

One dead and several injured
and the cabin's full of smoke.
There's a hole in the floor.

Go inspect the damage, Dex.
- Yes, sir.

Reyes's first concern
is that the blast could make
a hole in the aircraft's skin.

This would lead
to sudden depressurization
in the cabin,

and necessitate
an emergency descent.

There was a huge,
gaping hole, uh, beside her,

and if a small...

tear in the skin of the aircraft
was, uh...

If there were a hole there,

it most probably would open up,

and then pull us
out of the aircraft.

When I saw
that there was no damage...

to the outer skin,

I went up and reported
to the captain.

Well, we assumed
that the pressurization system
would hold.

Immediately after
the explosion,

the co-pilot's steering wheel
slams to the right,

and the aircraft banks
in the same direction.

The autopilot immediately
corrects the deviation.

But soon Reyes discovers
that the autopilot
steering system

is another victim of the blast.

Then I said, "Okay,
I'm going to try to turn the
airplane using the autopilot."

But there was no reaction.
Whether I tried it...

to make it go down or up,
or left and right turns,
no reaction.

I said,
"Now we have a problem."

This is not Reyes's
only problem.

In the cabin,
one of the injured passengers
needs urgent medical attention.

Tokyo is still 2.5 hours away,

and Reyes decides to try
and land at Naha Airport,

on the Island of Okinawa,
located 74 kilometres
to the west.

He orders the co-pilot
to make a Mayday call.

Yes, sir.

Naha, PAL 434.
Heavy, declaring emergency.

Explosion onboard.
We have casualties.

Requesting emergency landing
at Naha.

We will need full
emergency services on landing.

PAL 434, Naha.

Please repeat. Say again.

Naha, PAL 434.
Heavy, declaring emergency.

Explosion onboard.
We have casualties.

Request emergency landing
at Naha.
We will need full emergency...

Getting the Japanese
air-traffic controller

to understand the emergency
proves to be difficult.

Naha, Naha, Naha,
this is Philippine Airlines 434.

Flight level: 330.

A bomb has exploded onboard.
Bravo-Oscar-Mike-Bravo.

Bomb explosion.
Request emergency landing
at Naha.

And there was silence.

Then the controller came in,
another controller, an American.

"Okay, Philippine 434,
I'm taking over."

The American
air-traffic controller

is from an American base
on Okinawa.

"Turn left, heading..."

No, I shout back:
"We cannot turn
at this moment yet.

We will tell you
when we are starting to turn
towards Naha.

We have problems
with our flight controls."

Ladies and gentlemen,
this is your captain speaking.

We will be making
an early landing
at Naha Airport in Okinawa.

We'll be landing
as soon as possible.

So please remain in your seat
with your seatbelt fastened.

But landing at Naha
is easier said than done.

The autopilot
is not responding
to any of Reyes's commands,

and PAL 434 is heading
straight past Okinawa.

Reyes must find a way to steer
if he is to have any chance
of landing safely.

Ah.

But disengaging the autopilot
might result in losing
what minimal control

he still has over the aircraft.

Okay.

Let's keep the seatbelt sign on.
When we disengage the autopilot,

we might lose control,
so be ready.

Since the autopilot won't react
to any inputs that I make,

I was scared if I disengaged
the autopilot...

...the aircraft might make
a sudden bank to the right

that we might not be able
to control.

At the count of three,
I'll disengage.

One... two...

three.

One, two, three, tack!

Nothing happened.

And then there was...
We were relieved.

I can't turn
using the controls.

Ah, looks like the explosion
jammed the ailerons. Dex...

What does the QRH say
about jammed ailerons?

The QRH,
or Quick Reference Handbook,

is the pilot's bible
that lists procedures

that must be followed
in emergency situations.

"Jammed Flight Controls:
use maximum force possible,

including both pilots
if required."

Okay. Let's force it, then.

Reyes tries brute force
to activate the ailerons,

the panels on each wing
which turn the aircraft.

Since the explosion,
he can only fly straight.

I'm not getting anything
from the ailerons.
Can't get off this heading.

Okay, re-engage the autopilot
while I work out other options.

It's taking much longer
to land than was announced.

We were told
it would only be 20 minutes,

but it was really one hour
before we landed.

It was very frightening.

Although they survived the bombing,

passengers are now getting
anxious about landing safely
in Naha Airport.

Since there was so much time
before landing,

I started writing a will.

I wrote the will to my son,
telling him to be strong.

As PAL 434 looks
like missing Naha Airport,

Reyes comes up
with another plan.

We gotta turn.
We'll have to use
differential power.

Disengage auto-throttle,
pull back three and four.

Captain Reyes increases thrust
to the engines

on the left-hand side
of the plane

and reduces power
to the engines on the right.

Very slowly, the aircraft
starts to circle right.

He then lowers his speed
to make a smaller radius turn.

With guidance
from Air Traffic Control,

Reyes hopes that the manoeuvre
will eventually line him up
with the runway at Naha.

So while we were
descending on low speed,

I tried to test
the flight controls,

and there are some
little reactions.

The elevator is beginning
to respond.

The elevator
is a control that makes
the plane ascend and descend.

250 knots. Flaps: 1. On speed.

In order to land safely,

Captain Reyes will need
at least minimal control
over the elevator and rudder.

As PAL 434 nears Naha,
he continues to reduce
his airspeed.

10.

Flaps 10 set. Speed: 225.

- Okay, she's turning.
- Sir, if we reduce our weight,

we will be able to reduce
our approach and landing speeds.
Suggest we dump fuel.

Reyes orders
the systems engineer to dump
36 tons of fuel.

Less fuel means less strain
on landing gear and brakes
at touchdown.

Check.

I was terrified
when I saw the smoke trail
behind each wing.

I thought something
must be burning,

and there would be
another explosion.

As the time
to touch down gets closer,

Reyes worries that the bomb
may have done

more as-yet-unknown damage
to the aircraft.

I'm not certain
our landing gear will hold up.

Strap yourself in.

I'll brief the purser.

So he talked to the head
of the cabin crew and he said,

"We're not sure if the gears
will go down.

And in case the gears collapse
while landing,
be ready to evacuate.

It's either you make it
or you die.

That's... But you cannot do
anything anymore.

Runway in sight.

With only minimal control
over the aircraft,

Reyes faces
the most challenging landing
of his career.

10,000 metres above
the Pacific Ocean on a flight
from the Philippines to
Tokyo...

...a terrorist bomb
cripples the flight controls
of a jumbo jet.

As PAL 434 starts
its final approach,

the 290 people onboard
are pinning their hopes
of survival

on the skill
of Captain Ed Reyes.

I know everybody was scared.

We are all scared. I know that.

Gear down.

The gears were supposed
to come down a few seconds,

but that was the longest seconds
that...

Because we were waiting
for the greens to come on.

- Take a long time.
- It took a long time.

It was a long few seconds
until it...

when it locked.

- Three green, sir.
- Okay.

I'm disconnecting the autopilot
and landing manually, okay? Dex?

Monitor my descent rate,
call altitude and speed.
30.

- Okay, 500 feet, on course.
- Flaps 30 set.

Help me with the elevator.
When I say push,
I want you to push.

- Okay, 200, slightly left.
- Correcting. Push.

One hundred.

Fifty.

Thirty.

Power off.
Pull!

Your last command was "pull!"

Yeah,
my last command was "pull!"

I made sure that the throttles
were closed,

because he might give
a go-around,

and I wanted to make sure
that we stayed on the ground.

That was close.

Okay.

- Oh...
- Ladies and gentlemen,
this is the captain speaking.

We would like to thank you
for your cooperation
and your patience.

Emergency crews
are on their way.

We'll try to get you out of here
as soon as possible.
Thank you.

The Philippine Airlines 747

is now a crime scene
under Japanese jurisdiction.

As investigators from
the Okinawa Police Department

set out to solve the mystery
of what happened,

they turn their attention first
to the dead man in seat 26K.

The forensic pathologist
recovered 94 fragments

embedded in Haruki Ikegami's
buttocks by the explosion.

He suffered
severe internal injuries
and massive loss of blood.

But tragic as it was,
the effects of the explosion
could've been much worse.

If the explosion
had been sideways,

it would've blown a hole
in the plane...

...and caused
an air-pressure problem.

In a sense, it was good
that the blast was vertical...

...but we have to remember
the victim.

He died to save the rest of us.

Ikegami's body
bore the brunt
of the upward blast,

but the explosion severed
the steel cables in the ceiling

that control the rudder
and elevator.

The charge also severed
the co-pilot's control cable
to the right aileron,

one of the control surfaces
on the wing which make
an aircraft bank and turn.

The downward force blew a hole
in the floor,

and could've ignited the vapours
in the centre fuel tank,

creating a catastrophic
explosion.

But by chance,
on December the 11th,

seat 26K was not located
above the tank.

Fortunately for us,

we took a different version,

the SAS version of the 747,
that day.

And that specific seat
for that version

was two seats forward
of the centre tank.

The Okinawa
forensic investigators
immediately start work

collecting evidence
from the bomb site.

They begin with the largest
fragments of debris,

and then systematically
work down
until the smallest particles

are retrieved by vacuum cleaner.

Japanese investigators
cannot identify
the bomb's detonator.

But by separating out
bits of metal,
plastic and electrical wire

that do not belong to the plane,

components of the bomb
are pieced together.

One forensic investigator
is able to identify
the bomb's timer.

By reconstituting dozens
of burnt fragments,

he discovers it's a modified
digital wristwatch.

Investigators also discover
that one of the bomb's
9-volt batteries

is only sold in the Philippines.

It's another clue
that suggests that the bomber
could be based there.

Philippine National Police
Deputy Chief Sonny Razon
is on the case.

In the later part of 1994,

we already started
to receive information,

intelligence reports
that there were, uh,

Middle-Eastern personalities
that were here already

in the Philippines.

On the night
of January the 6th, 1995,

almost four weeks
after the bombing of PAL 434,

the Philippine police
get a lucky break.

In his Manila apartment,

the PAL 434 bomber has enlisted
the help of an accomplice

to mass-produce
his new, undetectable bomb.

An attempt
to burn off chemicals
gets out of hand.

Acrid-smelling smoke spills out
of the apartment.

It attracts the attention
of the doorman,
who comes to investigate.

- Hey, what's going on?
- Uh...

we were playing
with some fireworks,
but it's okay.

We put them out and have
all the windows open inside
and we keep the doors closed.

It'll be fine, okay?
- You open the door.

If we open the door,
smoke come on the hallway.
We close the window, okay?

Come on. It's okay, it's okay.

Until the smoke dissipates,
the bombers decide to wait
outside the apartment.

The doorman isn't convinced
by their playing-with-fireworks
story,

and he calls the fire department
and the police.

By the time the firemen come,
the smoke is gone,

and they leave
after a quick check.

The bomber now realizes
he's left a very sensitive item
in the apartment,

and he persuades his friend
to retrieve his laptop.

He was, uh, too clever a guy
to come back and, uh,

expose himself.

Because all along,
he knew that would be too risky,

for him to go back
and be caught.

The bomber's fear
of getting caught is justified.

Once Police Inspector
Aida Fariscal learns
that they're from Pakistan,

she insists on seeing
their room for herself.

The police in Manila
are on high alert

due to a planned visit
by the Pope in a few days.

What Inspector Fariscal finds
confirms her worst fears

about the intentions
of the tenants.

You! Stop!

Stop!

The shot distracts
the apprentice and he trips
over a fallen palm tree.

But the cop discovers
he has no handcuffs.

The doorman improvises
with the drawstrings
of his windbreaker.

In the meantime,
the bomber vanishes.

One of the first senior officers
to arrive at his apartment
is Sonny Razon.

Incident
at the Don Josefa apartment,

uh, was the breakthrough in, uh,

opening our eyes that, uh,

the Al-Qaeda... terrorist cell

was already operating here
in the Philippines.

The Philippine National Police
know they've stumbled
onto something big,

and they inform Interpol,
Scotland Yard and the FBI.

When news of the raid reaches
the Joint Terrorism Task Force
in New York,

it immediately grabs
the attention of Special Agent
Frank Pellegrino.

For two years,
he has been hunting a terrorist
called Ramzi Yousef,

and it looks
as if this might be his man.

Well, he was always our focus
since '93.

I mean, at the time...

he was the biggest fugitive...
around.

As Philippine Police
comb through the apartment,

they begin to find more evidence
tying Yousef to the bombing
of PAL 434.

It was the similarity
between the watches
that were found in the apartment

and the type of watch
that was used in Okinawa.

Putting together that...
that watch,

that was the watch
that was on the bomb,

uh, on that Flight 434,

and identifying those pieces
eventually as a Casio watch
was amazing.

Yousef is a skilled forger.

Investigators find
several identification cards
bearing various names,

and photos in each of which
he looks quite different.

One ID card
is of particular interest.

So almost as a dig to us,
you know,

the ID card used the first
World Trade Center bombing date

as the date that the card
was issued.

So we knew right away
it was Yousef that had been
in the apartment.

They knew chemicals.
The chemical dictionary, uh,

was a very well-used, uh, item,

uh... underlined,
highlighted,

uh, well-read,

notations throughout the book.

Something that he used
quite often.

And, uh... I don't remember
the exact number.

I think there might've 100
latent prints found on that
that belonged to him.

They knew electronics.

The way that the timing device
was hidden inside
the Casio watch...

...just made the whole thing
very concealable and...

uh, and very worrisome.

The identification
of the bomber of PAL 434

and the discovery
of his bomb factory
is very disturbing news

for those responsible
for airline-passenger safety.

Ramzi Yousef
is an international terrorist

who knows how to get his bombs
past airport security.

Bombs that are small,
but if strategically located,

can blow up a jumbo jet
and kill not just one,
but hundreds of people.

And the bomber of PAL 434
is still on the loose.

The Philippine National Police
have stumbled on the hideout

of an international terrorist.

The FBI identify him
as Ramzi Yousef.

Evidence that Armaldo Forlani,

the man who planted the bomb
on PAL 434,

is the same person
as Ramzi Yousef

comes from the travel agent
who sold him
the Philippine Airlines ticket.

Ramzi Yousef is just one
of several aliases

of a man who tops the FBI's
Most Wanted list.

An international terrorist
with a $2 million bounty
on his head.

Yousef, whose real name
is probably Abdul Karim Basit,

was born and raised in Kuwait,
where his father worked
as an engineer.

It was there he met the friend
that he enlisted to help him
in the Manila bomb factory.

When he was 18,
Yousef's family returned
to their Pakistan homeland.

Yousef married
and had two children.

Soon after returning home,
his parents sent him
to study in Britain.

He was taking classes
both in engineering
and in using the computer,

so he definitely had
some talents.

In summer breaks from college
in the late 1980s,

Yousef returns to Pakistan.

He puts his new engineering
skills to use
by teaching bomb-making

to militants in training camps
near Peshawar, Pakistan.

These camps are fertile ground
for making contacts
with militants worldwide.

In September 1992,

Yousef flies from Pakistan
to New York to prepare
for a major terrorist attack.

On arrival at JFK,

he presents
a fake Iraqi passport

and asks for political asylum
from Saddam Hussein.

The ploy works and he's allowed
to enter the country.

Six months later,
on February the 26th, 1993,

one of the largest homemade
bombs in American history

explodes in the garage
below the World Trade Center,
killing six people,

injuring hundreds
and causing $500 million worth
of damage.

That night, Yousef is on a plane
back to his home in Pakistan.

He was an action figure.
He wanted to keep doing things.

He wasn't happy
with the one success he had.

Eighteen months after
the World Trade Center attack,

Yousef flies to Manila
to fine-tune the bomb
that he plants on PAL 434.

According to Sonny Razon,
the Philippine capital
suits him.

Ramzi Yousef, uh...

...loved to enjoy life.

He was a... he is a ladies' man.

He associated himself
with a lot of girlfriends,

and, uh, he liked to party.

He...

he also... drank a lot.

He enjoyed the life.

Terrorists,
they are your normal, uh,

day-to-day people,

the, uh, guy next door.

After the bombing of PAL 434,

Yousef arranges
for his childhood friend
Abdul Hakim Murad

to assist him in Manila.

But on January the 6th, 1995,
two weeks after his arrival,

Murad is arrested and sent
to the Philippine Police
headquarters for interrogation.

It took 67 days
to extract the details
of how Yousef planted the bomb.

My impressions of him
was that, uh,

he was strong-willed,

he was determined.

Initially, he did not break down
in questioning.

And, uh, it was only when, uh,

the FBI team that came in
and provided us with, uh,

additional information
or pieces of the puzzle

that, uh, we did not have...

...that he started to talk.

Tiny chemical traces
of the explosive
were found on PAL 434.

And Murad eventually admits
that Yousef uses
liquid nitroglycerin

that he's stabilized
and concealed in a bottle
of contact-lens solution.

Murad also reveals
that Yousef hid

the bomb's potentially
suspicious components
in the heel of his shoes.

Most airport security systems
only detect metal
above the ankles.

I bet you
he was as cool as could be.

He was somewhat cavalier
in is attitude

towards these explosives
and chemicals.

To carry a container
of nitroglycerin
on an airplane...

you know,
you gotta be a little nuts.

Murad's confession provides
details of Yousef's actions

after he successfully got
the bomb components
past airport security.

- Can I get you some juice
or coffee?
- Juice, please.

Yousef designed the device
so the innocent-looking
components

can be quickly transformed
into a lethal bomb.

Yousef has modified
a digital wristwatch
as the bomb's timer.

This is wired to a detonator
inside the bottle
of nitroglycerin.

Two 9-volt batteries provide
an additional electric charge

to the exposed filament
of a light bulb
that will spark the explosion.

Yousef sets the alarm
for four hours later,

when he anticipates the plane
will be flying high
over the Pacific Ocean.

Yousef plants the bomb
in a life-vest pouch
under his seat,

a place ground crews
are unlikely to inspect
during the stopover in Cebu.

Soon after,
he gets off the plane
and disappears.

Four hours later,
the timebomb under seat 26K...

...awakes the airline industry
to a new kind of terrorism.

Murad's confession confirms
Pellegrino's suspicions.

This is just the kind
of sophisticated plot

he has come to expect
from Ramzi Yousef.

But Pellegrino is still shocked
by what Murad says next.

PAL 434 was only a test,

a dry run for a much larger
terrorist plot

that will kill thousands
of airline passengers.

A highly skilled terrorist,

Ramzi Yousef has already set off
a new type of bomb
on an aircraft.

Now the FBI discovers
Yousef wants to blow up
more planes...

...and he continues
to evade capture.

FBI investigators find evidence
of Yousef's meticulous planning

on secret files on the laptop
that he so desperately wanted
his accomplice to retrieve.

On the laptop computer
found in the Josefa
apartment building

was a file which laid out a plan

for five individuals
using code names -

individuals not mentioned
on the plan -

to board...
about three planes each,

two planes, a couple of people
had three planes,

planting bombs on the planes
and then returning back
to their home.

Hoping,
when they planted the bombs
with the timing devices,

if everything went well,

all bombs would go off within
about a six-hour time period.

Any more than one would've been
an airline disaster.

So if they were 50% successful
in their plan,

I think it would've scared
a lot of people
for a long time.

The file on Yousef's laptop
reveals that the plan,

code-named Bojinka,
is foiled with no time to
spare.

The bombing
of 12 American planes is meant
to kill 4,000 passengers.

Youssef's campaign of terror
against the airlines
is scheduled to start

less than two weeks after
the bust of his bomb factory
in Manila.

By the time Pellegrino
and the FBI team arrive
in the Philippines,

Yousef is long gone.

So it was a worry
and it was a missed opportunity,

um... but we also...

In a lot
of these fugitive-type cases,
we're not all that different.

And everybody goes home.
Everybody needs to go home.

And so the investigation again
would focus back to Pakistan.

The FBI immediately begin
a publicity campaign in
Pakistan

promoting their $2 million
reward for assistance
in arresting Yousef.

The strategy works.

Yousef's latest recruit
for yet another airline bombing
blows the whistle.

On the day Yousef is due
to leave his hotel in
Islamabad, a Pakistani SWAT
team moves in.

In Yousef's room are Delta
and United Airlines
flight schedules,

as well as bomb components
hidden in children's toys.

Who are you?
You have a warrant?!

The informer receives
the $2 million bounty
for the tipoff,

which prevents
yet another airline attack.

He was shocked.

He did not think
he would be caught.

He had a certain confidence
about him,

and I didn't think he thought
we'd ever catch up to him.

Within hours of his capture,

Yousef is extradited
from Pakistan

and put on a waiting
U.S. government plane.

With the cooperation
of the Japanese
and Philippine governments,

the FBI arranged for Yousef
to stand trial in New York City
for the PAL 434 bombing,

as well as the earlier
1993 attack
on the World Trade Center.

In a convoy of
federal and local patrol cars,

Ramzi Ahmed Yousef was brought
into New York city
late Wednesday night,

ending a worldwide manhunt.

He was arrested Tuesday
in Pakistan
by Pakistani authorities,

and brought back by the FBI
on a plane,

then into custody
with heavy security
on the street

in case of any terrorist attacks
prompted by his arrest.

At his trial
a year later in New York
Southern District Court,

Yousef decides to handle
his own defence,
against the advice of the
judge.

He performs better
than expected,

but he is found guilty
on all charges related
to the bombing of PAL 434

and conspiring to bomb
12 American passenger planes.

Yousef is also found guilty
in a second trial for
the World Trade Center bombing.

In his final summing up,
Yousef justifies his actions.

Yes, I am a terrorist
and proud of it.

And I only support terrorism

so long as it's against
the United States government
and against Israel,

because you are more
than terrorists.

Although Pakistani,
Yousef describes himself
as Palestinian by choice.

And he justifies the PAL 434
and World Trade Center bombings

as punishment
for a U.S. foreign policy

that favours Israel
over Palestine.

...and hypocrites!

For both crimes,

he's sentenced to 240 years
in prison.

The Judge recommends
solitary confinement for life

in the most secure prison
in the United States,

located in Florence, Colorado.

It houses the country's
most violent
and dangerous prisoners,

and it's where Yousef will spend
the rest of his life

confined in a cell for up to 23
of every 24 hours.

We cannot afford to, uh,
just sit down and, uh...

...count our victories
with the arrest of, uh,
Ramsey Yousef.

Somebody else
has already replaced him,

and somebody else
is already thinking

of how to circumvent
these security measures
that we've put up.

In the year following
Yousef's attack on PAL 434,

the Federal Aviation
Administration certified
a machine to detect explosives.

Not one American carrier
bought it.

Only after 9/11 was a law passed

that required U.S. airports
to deploy explosive-detection
systems.

But the most reliable
models are expensive,
or too slow,

and still not widely employed.

What's the old saying?

We have to be right
100% of the time; a terrorist
only has to be right once.

Although there hasn't been
a successful airliner bombing
since PAL 434,

those who forget the past
may be destined to revisit it.

difuze