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Remember when I said that a computer
is a device that stores and
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processes data by performing calculations?
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Whether you're creating an artificial
intelligence that can beat humans at chess
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or something more simple,
like running a video game,
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the more computing power you have
access to, the more you can accomplish.
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By the end of this lesson,
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you'll understand what
a computer calculates, and how.
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Let's look at this simple math problem.
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0 +1 equals what?
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It only takes a moment to come
up with the answer 1, but
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imagine that you needed to do 100
calculations that were this simple.
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You could do it, and if you were careful,
you might not make any mistakes.
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Well, what if you needed to do
1,000 of these calculations?
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How about 1 million?
How about 1 billion?
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This is exactly what a computer does.
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A computer simply compares 1s and 0s, but
millions or billions of times per second.
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Wowza!
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The communication that a computer
uses is referred to as binary system,
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also known as base-2 numeral system.
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This means that it only talks in 1s and
0s.
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You may be thinking, okay,
my computer only talks in 1s and 0s.
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How do I communicate with it?
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Think of it like this.
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We use the letters of the alphabet to form
words and we give those words meaning.
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We use them to create sentences,
paragraphs, and whole stories.
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The same thing applies to binary,
except instead of A, B, C, and so on,
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we only have 0 and
1 to create words that we give meaning to.
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In computing terms,
we group binary into 8 numbers, or bits.
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Technically, a bit is a binary digit.
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Historically, we used 8 bits because
in the early days of computing,
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hardware utilized the base-2
numeral system to move bits around.
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2 to the 8th numbers offered
us a large enough range
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of values to do the computing we needed.
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Back then,
any number of bits was used, but
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eventually the grouping of 8 bits became
the industry standard that we use today.
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You should know that a group of
8 bits is referred to as a byte.
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So a byte of zeroes and
ones could look like 10011011.
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Each byte can store one character,
and we can have 256 possible values,
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thanks to the base-2 system, 2 to the 8th.
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In computer talk, this byte could
mean something like the letter C.
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And this is how computer
language was born.
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Let's make a quick table to translate
something a computer might see into
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something we'd be able to recognize.
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What does the following translate to?
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Did you get hello?
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Pretty cool, right?
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By using binary, we can have unlimited
communication with our computer.
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Everything you see on your computer
right now, whether it's a video,
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an image, text or anything else,
is nothing more than a 1 or a 0.
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It is important you
understand how binary works.
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It is the basis for everything
else we'll do in this course, so
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make sure you understand
the concept before moving on.
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