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1
00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:03,176
Good evening, sir. Where to?
2
00:00:03,200 --> 00:00:05,960
Richmond, please.
Richmond it is.
3
00:00:18,920 --> 00:00:20,376
Throughout my life,
4
00:00:20,400 --> 00:00:23,496
I've had the good fortune
to travel the world,
5
00:00:23,520 --> 00:00:26,920
witnessing many great
natural spectacles.
6
00:00:29,040 --> 00:00:32,920
But this is the place
to which I've always returned.
7
00:00:35,200 --> 00:00:37,016
A sprawling megacity
8
00:00:37,040 --> 00:00:41,096
may seem no home
for a nature lover like me.
9
00:00:41,120 --> 00:00:44,896
But there is a wild side to London.
10
00:00:44,920 --> 00:00:48,136
My city is surprisingly alive
11
00:00:48,160 --> 00:00:49,880
with all sorts of animals...
12
00:00:52,800 --> 00:00:55,720
..and full of remarkable
natural spectacles.
13
00:01:00,440 --> 00:01:02,496
Even in the centre of town,
14
00:01:02,520 --> 00:01:05,920
animals can not only survive,
but flourish.
15
00:01:12,520 --> 00:01:14,096
Over the years,
16
00:01:14,120 --> 00:01:18,680
I've come to appreciate
what I find on my own doorstep.
17
00:01:22,080 --> 00:01:26,296
So, when it comes to discovering
the wonders of nature,
18
00:01:26,320 --> 00:01:29,040
there really is no place like home.
19
00:01:32,400 --> 00:01:34,080
This is it. Thank you very much.
20
00:01:45,480 --> 00:01:46,920
London.
21
00:01:50,240 --> 00:01:52,160
Nine million people.
22
00:01:54,160 --> 00:01:56,480
2.5 million cars.
23
00:01:58,480 --> 00:02:03,560
And 600 square miles of
concrete, tarmac and steel.
24
00:02:06,080 --> 00:02:09,920
But the city has a
surprisingly rich wildlife.
25
00:02:11,480 --> 00:02:14,056
And my journey begins between
26
00:02:14,080 --> 00:02:17,400
an unassuming row of houses
in north London.
27
00:02:19,520 --> 00:02:22,936
I've come to this
allotment in Tottenham
28
00:02:22,960 --> 00:02:26,896
to meet a notoriously
elusive resident.
29
00:02:26,920 --> 00:02:30,776
It's now around 8.30 in the evening,
30
00:02:30,800 --> 00:02:34,320
and if all goes to plan,
they should show up any minute now.
31
00:02:40,040 --> 00:02:41,736
Oh, here we are.
32
00:02:41,760 --> 00:02:43,120
Hello.
33
00:02:47,080 --> 00:02:49,040
And here's another one. Two.
34
00:02:54,680 --> 00:02:58,136
Even though there are
more wild foxes
35
00:02:58,160 --> 00:03:01,736
in London than almost
any other big city,
36
00:03:01,760 --> 00:03:07,920
it's still a huge thrill to see one
suddenly emerging from the bushes.
37
00:03:09,120 --> 00:03:10,760
Totally wild creature.
38
00:03:17,560 --> 00:03:18,840
Hello.
39
00:03:32,120 --> 00:03:34,920
An encounter like this
feels very special.
40
00:03:36,720 --> 00:03:38,456
But in London,
41
00:03:38,480 --> 00:03:42,160
you're usually far closer to a fox
than you might think.
42
00:03:44,400 --> 00:03:47,376
These cunning creatures are experts
43
00:03:47,400 --> 00:03:52,136
at operating under our radar
44
00:03:52,160 --> 00:03:54,280
through stealth...
45
00:03:56,280 --> 00:03:59,096
..adaptability...
46
00:03:59,120 --> 00:04:02,816
..and an appetite
for almost any food...
47
00:04:02,840 --> 00:04:06,976
..foxes thrive
in surprisingly high densities.
48
00:04:07,000 --> 00:04:09,256
In the open countryside,
49
00:04:09,280 --> 00:04:12,816
there are one or two
per square kilometre.
50
00:04:12,840 --> 00:04:15,400
In London, there can be 30.
51
00:04:19,560 --> 00:04:24,120
So, their biggest challenge
is competition with one another.
52
00:04:27,400 --> 00:04:31,160
This vixen has secured
a prime territory in Tottenham.
53
00:04:33,240 --> 00:04:35,680
With plenty of options for food.
54
00:04:42,840 --> 00:04:47,040
But another female
is sniffing around her patch.
55
00:04:48,920 --> 00:04:51,296
It's the breeding season
56
00:04:51,320 --> 00:04:54,080
and the demand for territories
is intense.
57
00:04:59,200 --> 00:05:02,960
If she's to keep her home,
she'll have to fight.
58
00:05:10,440 --> 00:05:15,080
FOXES SCREECH
59
00:05:20,840 --> 00:05:24,456
These battle cries
may be a familiar sound,
60
00:05:24,480 --> 00:05:28,360
but few of us get to witness
fights as fierce as this.
61
00:05:37,080 --> 00:05:39,936
Neither individual
can afford injury,
62
00:05:39,960 --> 00:05:42,640
so they try to intimidate.
63
00:05:54,800 --> 00:05:57,360
Finally, her rival submits.
64
00:06:01,400 --> 00:06:04,656
The better the territory
a female attains,
65
00:06:04,680 --> 00:06:07,320
the greater will be her success
as a mother.
66
00:06:09,320 --> 00:06:11,440
Even so, she'll need help.
67
00:06:13,800 --> 00:06:15,416
FOX SHOUTS
68
00:06:15,440 --> 00:06:17,400
The call from her mate.
69
00:06:19,160 --> 00:06:20,920
Time to regroup.
70
00:06:31,120 --> 00:06:34,016
In the allotment at the
heart of their territory,
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00:06:34,040 --> 00:06:36,040
they steal a moment together.
72
00:06:37,600 --> 00:06:39,896
Raising a family in the city
73
00:06:39,920 --> 00:06:43,360
will depend on the strength
of their bond.
74
00:06:49,080 --> 00:06:51,896
In this highly
urbanised environment,
75
00:06:51,920 --> 00:06:54,176
the only animals that flourish
76
00:06:54,200 --> 00:06:57,000
are those who know
how to work the system.
77
00:07:03,040 --> 00:07:07,056
Like most Londoners,
I used to get the tube to work
78
00:07:07,080 --> 00:07:10,400
and there was one animal
that always brightened up my day.
79
00:07:15,720 --> 00:07:17,576
Hammersmith station.
80
00:07:17,600 --> 00:07:20,840
An excellent breakfast spot
for peckish pigeons.
81
00:07:25,800 --> 00:07:28,376
Once this platform
is cleared of food,
82
00:07:28,400 --> 00:07:30,240
it's on to the next station.
83
00:07:34,040 --> 00:07:38,200
And why waste energy flying
when you can travel by tube?
84
00:07:40,960 --> 00:07:43,376
TANNOY: This train
is ready to leave.
85
00:07:43,400 --> 00:07:45,080
Please mind the doors.
86
00:07:50,040 --> 00:07:53,616
Pigeons probably
first hopped onto trains
87
00:07:53,640 --> 00:07:56,680
following trails of crumbs
dropped by commuters.
88
00:07:58,360 --> 00:08:00,800
Getting home is no problem either.
89
00:08:02,520 --> 00:08:07,816
Pigeons use the sun and magnetic
fields to find their way.
90
00:08:07,840 --> 00:08:11,576
In urban areas,
they also use landmarks,
91
00:08:11,600 --> 00:08:14,240
roads, and even train lines.
92
00:08:17,040 --> 00:08:20,496
However, it's the ability
to rub along with us humans
93
00:08:20,520 --> 00:08:24,080
that makes them so good
at navigating London life.
94
00:08:25,600 --> 00:08:28,680
TANNOY: Mind the gap between
the train and the platform.
95
00:08:30,080 --> 00:08:35,640
Pigeons are so streetwise, they can
thrive right in the city centre.
96
00:08:37,840 --> 00:08:39,280
But they're not alone.
97
00:08:46,840 --> 00:08:48,480
Peregrine falcons.
98
00:08:52,400 --> 00:08:55,336
Towering buildings
are a good substitute
99
00:08:55,360 --> 00:08:57,360
for their natural cliff habitat.
100
00:09:06,000 --> 00:09:07,896
They're excellently adapted
101
00:09:07,920 --> 00:09:11,040
to soar amongst London's
concrete canyons.
102
00:09:13,040 --> 00:09:16,920
And there are one million
of their favourite prey.
103
00:09:20,760 --> 00:09:25,416
Peregrines are agile pursuit hunters
104
00:09:25,440 --> 00:09:27,600
and here, they need to be.
105
00:09:30,280 --> 00:09:34,536
Manoeuvring through London's skies
is challenging
106
00:09:34,560 --> 00:09:37,280
and pigeons use it
to their advantage.
107
00:09:57,840 --> 00:10:00,696
But for the world's fastest animal,
108
00:10:00,720 --> 00:10:05,080
there's plenty of opportunity
to make a killing in the city.
109
00:10:08,280 --> 00:10:10,496
At Charing Cross Hospital,
110
00:10:10,520 --> 00:10:14,520
these new parents face
a daunting feeding schedule.
111
00:10:18,560 --> 00:10:21,256
Working a relentless relay,
112
00:10:21,280 --> 00:10:24,936
they take turns fetching lunch
113
00:10:24,960 --> 00:10:26,600
and baby-sitting.
114
00:10:28,640 --> 00:10:33,096
Trying to keep up with their chicks'
insatiable appetites.
115
00:10:33,120 --> 00:10:38,160
The chicks need to grow 25 times
bigger before they fledge.
116
00:10:59,360 --> 00:11:05,096
There are now over 50 pairs
of peregrines nesting in London,
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00:11:05,120 --> 00:11:11,096
from hospitals to factories
by the Thames,
118
00:11:11,120 --> 00:11:13,216
and even here
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00:11:13,240 --> 00:11:15,560
on the Houses of Parliament.
120
00:11:20,080 --> 00:11:25,256
This pair have nested
among these spires for ten years.
121
00:11:25,280 --> 00:11:28,376
Their latest chicks
are four weeks old
122
00:11:28,400 --> 00:11:31,040
and it's time to check
on their progress.
123
00:11:35,040 --> 00:11:36,720
What a lovely thing.
124
00:11:37,800 --> 00:11:39,760
Yeah, there we are. There we are.
125
00:11:41,920 --> 00:11:46,696
When I first moved to London
in the 1950s,
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00:11:46,720 --> 00:11:50,776
peregrine falcons were
practically extinct in Britain.
127
00:11:50,800 --> 00:11:53,016
But now they're thriving here
128
00:11:53,040 --> 00:11:57,376
in greater numbers than almost
any other city in the world.
129
00:11:57,400 --> 00:12:00,736
Even so,
chicks like this little one
130
00:12:00,760 --> 00:12:03,696
are still rare and precious,
131
00:12:03,720 --> 00:12:07,936
and the ring that we're putting on
it now will help us follow it
132
00:12:07,960 --> 00:12:10,600
as it seeks its fortune
in the big city.
133
00:12:12,400 --> 00:12:15,536
So now we can recognise
you anywhere.
134
00:12:15,560 --> 00:12:17,736
Yes.
135
00:12:17,760 --> 00:12:19,000
Yes, you.
136
00:12:20,560 --> 00:12:25,240
London's peregrines are now
doing well, thanks to our help.
137
00:12:26,600 --> 00:12:30,480
Meanwhile, others
need no encouragement at all.
138
00:12:34,800 --> 00:12:38,720
Dawn in Harold Hill,
on the eastern edge of the capital.
139
00:12:41,800 --> 00:12:45,080
The scene is set for an invasion.
140
00:12:57,000 --> 00:12:58,360
Fallow deer.
141
00:13:02,320 --> 00:13:06,816
Before the pandemic,
only a few would brave the city.
142
00:13:06,840 --> 00:13:11,480
But when the streets fell quiet,
they came as a herd.
143
00:13:19,120 --> 00:13:22,960
Once they acquired the taste for it,
the habit stuck.
144
00:13:30,120 --> 00:13:33,240
Now, even prized roses aren't safe.
145
00:13:40,920 --> 00:13:45,136
Fallow deer were first introduced
to Britain by the Romans
146
00:13:45,160 --> 00:13:47,640
nearly 2,000 years ago.
147
00:13:48,840 --> 00:13:53,440
And in east London, their
numbers continue to grow.
148
00:14:02,800 --> 00:14:07,600
When the human world wakes,
the herd heads back to the park.
149
00:14:15,800 --> 00:14:18,696
This female is in a hurry.
150
00:14:18,720 --> 00:14:20,960
She has a secret in the woods.
151
00:14:39,880 --> 00:14:43,080
Her fawn is just a few days old.
152
00:14:46,040 --> 00:14:49,360
She hides it among the trees
to keep it safe.
153
00:15:01,560 --> 00:15:05,976
Wolves may no longer
be a threat in London,
154
00:15:06,000 --> 00:15:10,120
but hundreds of thousands
of their relatives can be.
155
00:15:19,720 --> 00:15:24,736
Every year, dogs kill fawns
hiding in the undergrowth.
156
00:15:24,760 --> 00:15:27,056
DOGS BARKING
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00:15:27,080 --> 00:15:29,560
WHISTLING
158
00:15:41,480 --> 00:15:43,736
As the threat gets closer,
159
00:15:43,760 --> 00:15:46,680
the female seems
to abandon her fawn.
160
00:15:56,080 --> 00:16:00,040
But she's trying to draw
attention away from it.
161
00:16:07,440 --> 00:16:10,416
All he needs to do
162
00:16:10,440 --> 00:16:13,280
is stay as still as possible.
163
00:16:37,240 --> 00:16:41,176
Animals must rely
on their basic instincts
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00:16:41,200 --> 00:16:45,440
to keep their families safe,
even in this modern world.
165
00:16:51,160 --> 00:16:55,176
Back in Tottenham,
the allotment is an excellent place
166
00:16:55,200 --> 00:16:58,120
to meet the female foxes'
growing needs.
167
00:17:09,880 --> 00:17:12,720
Five new mouths to feed.
168
00:17:23,920 --> 00:17:28,216
For now, the cubs
will stay close to the den.
169
00:17:28,240 --> 00:17:31,376
Tucked away from traffic
and other dangers,
170
00:17:31,400 --> 00:17:35,216
London's 40,000 vegetable plots
171
00:17:35,240 --> 00:17:37,656
provide a sanctuary for wildlife
172
00:17:37,680 --> 00:17:39,840
and a good place to raise a family.
173
00:17:42,360 --> 00:17:46,296
A few weeks later and the female
is now fully focused
174
00:17:46,320 --> 00:17:48,320
on securing enough food.
175
00:17:52,000 --> 00:17:55,320
Many people see foxes
just as scavengers...
176
00:18:09,080 --> 00:18:12,520
..but half of everything they eat,
they hunt.
177
00:18:19,000 --> 00:18:24,096
And this can help keep
other urban species in check.
178
00:18:24,120 --> 00:18:27,200
But one pigeon won't feed
the whole family.
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00:18:30,960 --> 00:18:34,336
The cubs are twice the size.
180
00:18:34,360 --> 00:18:37,040
Full of energy
and hungrier than ever.
181
00:18:45,880 --> 00:18:47,816
Mum is drained.
182
00:18:47,840 --> 00:18:50,240
She's been nursing for weeks.
183
00:18:55,160 --> 00:18:58,696
It's time they relied on solid food.
184
00:18:58,720 --> 00:19:02,616
So Dad takes on cub sitting duties
185
00:19:02,640 --> 00:19:05,640
while Mum heads into town.
186
00:19:10,280 --> 00:19:13,240
Some nights there's a feast
on the streets.
187
00:19:25,480 --> 00:19:30,616
Foxes have small stomachs, so
what they can't eat immediately,
188
00:19:30,640 --> 00:19:33,376
they save for later.
189
00:19:33,400 --> 00:19:36,520
And they use some surprising ways
to store food.
190
00:19:50,360 --> 00:19:53,336
This car's owner
will surely be confused
191
00:19:53,360 --> 00:19:56,440
to find a chicken bone
under the wipers.
192
00:20:02,400 --> 00:20:08,256
It pays to be streetwise
in a city with so many roads,
193
00:20:08,280 --> 00:20:12,040
but not all animals
are able to adapt.
194
00:20:14,640 --> 00:20:18,176
In spring, tens of thousands
of breeding toads
195
00:20:18,200 --> 00:20:21,976
have got to get across roads,
196
00:20:22,000 --> 00:20:23,760
and many don't make it.
197
00:20:29,480 --> 00:20:32,840
They're not the only ones
to be threatened by traffic.
198
00:20:34,520 --> 00:20:39,080
Hedgehog numbers in the UK
have declined dramatically.
199
00:20:43,280 --> 00:20:46,096
A male hedgehog in search of a mate
200
00:20:46,120 --> 00:20:49,760
may have to travel
up to two miles every night.
201
00:20:55,640 --> 00:20:59,680
But when he uses the streets,
he's vulnerable.
202
00:21:10,680 --> 00:21:13,680
Thankfully, there are safer places.
203
00:21:16,280 --> 00:21:20,320
Like this garden in a corner
of Ealing in west London.
204
00:21:30,920 --> 00:21:33,176
I used to have a hedgehog
205
00:21:33,200 --> 00:21:35,456
that lived in my garden
all the time,
206
00:21:35,480 --> 00:21:38,296
but now they're a rare sight.
207
00:21:38,320 --> 00:21:40,456
They're charming creatures,
208
00:21:40,480 --> 00:21:43,256
but not very sociable.
209
00:21:43,280 --> 00:21:44,976
Nonetheless,
210
00:21:45,000 --> 00:21:49,896
urban areas are the one place
where their numbers have stabilised,
211
00:21:49,920 --> 00:21:52,416
and with a little help from us,
212
00:21:52,440 --> 00:21:55,000
there's hope that
they might even increase.
213
00:21:56,600 --> 00:22:02,336
Hedgehogs can eat up to
100g of food in a night.
214
00:22:02,360 --> 00:22:06,176
And that can take quite
a lot of collecting,
215
00:22:06,200 --> 00:22:09,096
but this one has hit the jackpot.
216
00:22:09,120 --> 00:22:11,816
Every evening, the owner
of this garden
217
00:22:11,840 --> 00:22:14,080
provides a feast for them.
218
00:22:19,520 --> 00:22:22,376
He seems to be taking his time.
219
00:22:22,400 --> 00:22:24,336
And just as well.
220
00:22:24,360 --> 00:22:27,136
Tonight he's searching for a mate
221
00:22:27,160 --> 00:22:30,240
and he'll need
all the energy he can find.
222
00:22:34,160 --> 00:22:36,040
I think they're lovely things.
223
00:22:41,600 --> 00:22:45,096
London has more gardens
per square mile
224
00:22:45,120 --> 00:22:47,616
than any other capital city.
225
00:22:47,640 --> 00:22:50,920
But all too often,
there's no way between them.
226
00:22:59,640 --> 00:23:03,520
The mission for a mate
has hit a dead end.
227
00:23:13,600 --> 00:23:15,120
Or has it?
228
00:23:22,520 --> 00:23:24,296
All across London,
229
00:23:24,320 --> 00:23:27,576
garden owners are putting holes
in their fences,
230
00:23:27,600 --> 00:23:30,016
creating hedgehog highways
231
00:23:30,040 --> 00:23:33,800
that allow safe travel
from garden to garden.
232
00:23:45,920 --> 00:23:48,120
His eyesight is poor.
233
00:23:50,160 --> 00:23:52,800
So he follows his nose.
234
00:23:58,800 --> 00:24:01,000
The scent of a female.
235
00:24:15,480 --> 00:24:18,896
Running rings around her
while making strange,
236
00:24:18,920 --> 00:24:22,880
snuffling sounds,
is his way of wooing her.
237
00:24:28,920 --> 00:24:32,320
But she seems
more interested in food.
238
00:24:37,280 --> 00:24:43,016
Spines are great for defence,
but not for intimacy.
239
00:24:43,040 --> 00:24:47,976
As few as 4% of courtships
are successful.
240
00:24:48,000 --> 00:24:52,080
Only time will tell
if this is one of them.
241
00:25:00,840 --> 00:25:06,496
Four million private gardens
create significant natural space,
242
00:25:06,520 --> 00:25:11,136
but they are only one of the reasons
why London is considered
243
00:25:11,160 --> 00:25:14,440
the greenest
major city in the world.
244
00:25:17,440 --> 00:25:21,256
BIRDS SINGING
245
00:25:21,280 --> 00:25:22,456
You hear that?
246
00:25:22,480 --> 00:25:24,696
That's a robin.
247
00:25:24,720 --> 00:25:26,560
And that is a parakeet.
248
00:25:27,800 --> 00:25:30,256
This early in the morning,
249
00:25:30,280 --> 00:25:35,016
the parks and gardens across London
are alive with birdsong.
250
00:25:35,040 --> 00:25:38,296
It's a wonderfully peaceful time.
251
00:25:38,320 --> 00:25:42,176
The opportunity to escape
urban life is important
252
00:25:42,200 --> 00:25:44,896
for all of us who live in cities.
253
00:25:44,920 --> 00:25:48,256
And when it comes
to finding green space,
254
00:25:48,280 --> 00:25:51,840
we in London are particularly lucky.
255
00:25:55,360 --> 00:25:57,936
With over 3,000 parks,
256
00:25:57,960 --> 00:26:02,120
London has been granted
National Park status.
257
00:26:04,120 --> 00:26:07,856
Some of this is down
to King Henry VIII.
258
00:26:07,880 --> 00:26:13,080
The large areas of land he put aside
for hunting still remain today.
259
00:26:16,160 --> 00:26:20,576
St James's Park,
Regent's Park and Hyde Park
260
00:26:20,600 --> 00:26:23,896
are all right in the centre of town,
261
00:26:23,920 --> 00:26:26,776
and each year they're enjoyed
262
00:26:26,800 --> 00:26:29,120
by millions of visitors
and their pets.
263
00:26:38,120 --> 00:26:40,616
So many people feeding the birds
264
00:26:40,640 --> 00:26:44,096
supports particularly
high densities,
265
00:26:44,120 --> 00:26:46,920
and that can lead to conflict.
266
00:26:54,840 --> 00:26:57,560
Coots are fiercely territorial.
267
00:27:00,120 --> 00:27:03,040
Every inch of water is contested.
268
00:27:05,720 --> 00:27:09,296
Their brawls are vicious
and relentless,
269
00:27:09,320 --> 00:27:11,936
and if they extend
into another's patch,
270
00:27:11,960 --> 00:27:13,760
they become a free for all.
271
00:27:47,720 --> 00:27:50,656
For birds more comfortable
in a crowd,
272
00:27:50,680 --> 00:27:54,376
there's plenty of food to go around,
273
00:27:54,400 --> 00:27:58,000
although not everyone is aware
of the pecking order.
274
00:28:11,880 --> 00:28:16,216
This gull isn't after bird seed.
275
00:28:16,240 --> 00:28:18,960
He's after pigeon meat.
276
00:28:24,840 --> 00:28:29,136
A protein rich diet has given him
the glossiest plumage
277
00:28:29,160 --> 00:28:32,560
on the shores of the Serpentine
in Hyde Park.
278
00:28:34,440 --> 00:28:38,776
Regulars steer clear
of this killer gull.
279
00:28:38,800 --> 00:28:42,120
They know how to avoid
his stalking stance.
280
00:28:47,080 --> 00:28:52,080
New arrivals, however,
don't read the signs of danger.
281
00:29:27,440 --> 00:29:33,640
This cunning gull even knows how
to dispatch his prey by drowning it.
282
00:29:43,720 --> 00:29:46,200
He can claim two victims a day.
283
00:29:52,920 --> 00:29:55,200
But maybe not this time.
284
00:30:00,680 --> 00:30:04,160
Are the coots trying
to save their fellow bird...
285
00:30:08,400 --> 00:30:11,160
..or are they just looking
for another fight?
286
00:30:17,760 --> 00:30:20,016
A chance to escape...
287
00:30:20,040 --> 00:30:22,080
..if she can just make it to shore.
288
00:30:35,720 --> 00:30:40,816
It's not easy being on the menu
for so many urban predators,
289
00:30:40,840 --> 00:30:44,720
but pigeons are the victims
of their own success.
290
00:30:48,000 --> 00:30:52,696
London's long history of Kings
and Queens plays a huge part
291
00:30:52,720 --> 00:30:55,816
in safeguarding space for wildlife.
292
00:30:55,840 --> 00:31:00,656
From royal parks to
the most regal institution of all...
293
00:31:00,680 --> 00:31:03,720
MUSIC: Zadok the Priest
by Handel
294
00:31:10,120 --> 00:31:11,896
..Buckingham Palace,
295
00:31:11,920 --> 00:31:15,320
official London residence of
the King.
296
00:31:18,600 --> 00:31:20,720
And a number of Queens.
297
00:31:26,200 --> 00:31:30,576
There are four honeybee hives
in the palace grounds,
298
00:31:30,600 --> 00:31:33,656
and royal bees have easy access to
299
00:31:33,680 --> 00:31:36,600
one of the finest rose collections
in the land.
300
00:31:42,000 --> 00:31:44,816
But to make honey fit for a king,
301
00:31:44,840 --> 00:31:47,840
they must venture beyond the
palace walls.
302
00:31:56,760 --> 00:32:00,856
London's gardens offer a greater
diversity of flowering plants
303
00:32:00,880 --> 00:32:03,616
than almost any other city,
304
00:32:03,640 --> 00:32:06,296
and there are far less pesticides
305
00:32:06,320 --> 00:32:09,760
than in intensively farmed rural
areas.
306
00:32:15,200 --> 00:32:19,680
The ideal blend
for making delicious liquid gold.
307
00:32:21,320 --> 00:32:24,136
There is one catch, however.
308
00:32:24,160 --> 00:32:25,976
At the height of summer,
309
00:32:26,000 --> 00:32:27,856
cities can be five degrees
310
00:32:27,880 --> 00:32:31,496
hotter than
the surrounding countryside.
311
00:32:31,520 --> 00:32:32,896
On rare occasions,
312
00:32:32,920 --> 00:32:36,840
these temperatures can cause
nectar to ferment.
313
00:32:39,800 --> 00:32:45,080
A day of foraging turns into
the bee equivalent of a pub crawl.
314
00:32:51,520 --> 00:32:54,656
Is her tongue-like proboscis
hanging out
315
00:32:54,680 --> 00:32:57,600
a sign that she's flying
under the influence?
316
00:33:02,080 --> 00:33:06,800
Studies suggest that bees may even
prefer alcoholic nectar.
317
00:33:09,280 --> 00:33:11,480
When she gets really legless...
318
00:33:13,080 --> 00:33:15,040
..even wings don't help.
319
00:33:26,760 --> 00:33:29,696
The effects wear off eventually,
320
00:33:29,720 --> 00:33:34,320
but it's still three miles back
to the hive as the bee flies.
321
00:33:44,520 --> 00:33:49,040
Research into whether bees get
hangovers has yet to be done.
322
00:33:55,040 --> 00:33:58,736
However, thanks to a huge
diversity of flowers,
323
00:33:58,760 --> 00:34:02,880
London honey is regarded as
some of the finest in the world.
324
00:34:04,440 --> 00:34:06,480
SIREN BLARES IN DISTANCE
325
00:34:08,560 --> 00:34:12,176
Just half a mile east,
back at Parliament,
326
00:34:12,200 --> 00:34:14,776
the peregrine chicks I helped
to ring
327
00:34:14,800 --> 00:34:17,360
are also struggling to get airborne.
328
00:34:23,960 --> 00:34:26,736
Fully grown and a lot less fluffy,
329
00:34:26,760 --> 00:34:29,240
they're preparing to leave the nest.
330
00:34:32,720 --> 00:34:37,536
Fledging is the most difficult
time for urban peregrines,
331
00:34:37,560 --> 00:34:41,600
but with every gust
of wind, they grow in confidence.
332
00:35:07,000 --> 00:35:10,336
In the city,
there are fewer soft landings,
333
00:35:10,360 --> 00:35:13,280
many more places
in which to get stuck.
334
00:35:16,240 --> 00:35:18,680
There is nothing the parents can do.
335
00:35:23,840 --> 00:35:26,256
She has to get out
of this one herself.
336
00:35:26,280 --> 00:35:28,320
CHICK SQUAWKS IN ALARM
337
00:35:32,000 --> 00:35:34,040
She's free of the railings.
338
00:35:35,680 --> 00:35:39,560
No choice now but to make
that first flight.
339
00:36:01,520 --> 00:36:02,720
A safe landing.
340
00:36:03,760 --> 00:36:07,856
But if she's to master the art
of extreme urban flight,
341
00:36:07,880 --> 00:36:10,680
her parents have their work cut out.
342
00:36:12,200 --> 00:36:16,496
Peregrines spend months
teaching their young.
343
00:36:16,520 --> 00:36:18,656
For a few weeks a year,
344
00:36:18,680 --> 00:36:19,976
look up in London
345
00:36:20,000 --> 00:36:23,320
and you might see this flight
school above you.
346
00:36:25,440 --> 00:36:29,240
Adults perform manoeuvres
for the chicks to copy.
347
00:36:41,000 --> 00:36:42,736
For advanced training,
348
00:36:42,760 --> 00:36:47,400
parents first demonstrate the
tricky mid-air food pass...
349
00:36:52,480 --> 00:36:55,056
..then fly by with food,
350
00:36:55,080 --> 00:36:58,720
encouraging youngsters to try
and grab it on the wing.
351
00:37:07,480 --> 00:37:08,800
It's not easy.
352
00:37:11,400 --> 00:37:14,280
But after a lot of trial and
error...
353
00:37:17,240 --> 00:37:19,800
..one chick finally gets it.
354
00:37:29,160 --> 00:37:33,616
The 75 years that I've lived
in London has coincided with
355
00:37:33,640 --> 00:37:36,200
the peregrine's extraordinary
return.
356
00:37:37,600 --> 00:37:41,496
And over that time, far more
unexpected animals
357
00:37:41,520 --> 00:37:43,760
have also made their home here.
358
00:37:45,560 --> 00:37:50,120
Regent's Canal cuts a path across
the city centre.
359
00:37:52,320 --> 00:37:56,016
It's a popular escape from
the busy streets
360
00:37:56,040 --> 00:37:58,360
for walkers and cyclists.
361
00:38:00,120 --> 00:38:04,440
But few are aware of the creatures
above their heads.
362
00:38:09,800 --> 00:38:13,960
Aesculapian snakes are native
to continental Europe.
363
00:38:17,840 --> 00:38:21,296
How they found their way here is
a mystery,
364
00:38:21,320 --> 00:38:25,200
but now around 40 of them live by
the canal.
365
00:38:27,160 --> 00:38:29,576
Shy and harmless to humans,
366
00:38:29,600 --> 00:38:33,360
they actually help to keep
down the numbers of rats and mice.
367
00:38:34,400 --> 00:38:37,736
Even so, anyone scared of snakes
368
00:38:37,760 --> 00:38:41,040
will be pleased to
hear that they're not spreading.
369
00:38:48,440 --> 00:38:53,200
Meanwhile, another new arrival
most definitely is.
370
00:38:56,040 --> 00:39:00,360
These brazen birds are
running riot across the capital.
371
00:39:13,160 --> 00:39:15,856
I still remember the
first time I saw
372
00:39:15,880 --> 00:39:20,256
a parakeet
in my garden some 30 years ago.
373
00:39:20,280 --> 00:39:22,536
I couldn't believe my eyes.
374
00:39:22,560 --> 00:39:26,616
What on earth was an exotic
bird I'd seen on my travels
375
00:39:26,640 --> 00:39:29,816
doing in my London home?
376
00:39:29,840 --> 00:39:31,776
There are many urban legends
377
00:39:31,800 --> 00:39:35,096
as to how parakeets
originally got here.
378
00:39:35,120 --> 00:39:39,656
Some say Jimi Hendrix
released London's first parakeets.
379
00:39:39,680 --> 00:39:42,136
Others believe that they escaped
from
380
00:39:42,160 --> 00:39:45,296
a film set of The African Queen.
381
00:39:45,320 --> 00:39:46,896
More likely is
382
00:39:46,920 --> 00:39:50,400
that they are descended from pets
that escaped into the city.
383
00:39:51,800 --> 00:39:54,336
However, one thing is certain -
384
00:39:54,360 --> 00:39:58,120
life in London clearly suits
them very well indeed.
385
00:40:03,200 --> 00:40:05,336
After foraging around town,
386
00:40:05,360 --> 00:40:09,320
flocks join together to head
back to their roost.
387
00:40:14,920 --> 00:40:16,976
One of the largest gatherings is
388
00:40:17,000 --> 00:40:20,480
in Hither Green Cemetery,
southeast London.
389
00:40:23,440 --> 00:40:27,856
Following set flight paths,
these green squadrons create
390
00:40:27,880 --> 00:40:30,840
the capital's newest
wildlife spectacle.
391
00:40:32,600 --> 00:40:34,496
It's thought that today there
392
00:40:34,520 --> 00:40:38,760
are over 30,000 parakeets
in the skies of London.
393
00:41:05,600 --> 00:41:09,376
With a social nature
and a bold approach,
394
00:41:09,400 --> 00:41:13,280
parakeets have settled into London
life with ease.
395
00:41:14,760 --> 00:41:17,040
And their numbers continue to grow.
396
00:41:20,520 --> 00:41:22,856
Some animals do so well here
397
00:41:22,880 --> 00:41:25,360
they become a bit of a nuisance.
398
00:41:28,120 --> 00:41:31,216
A warmer microclimate
and well-watered gardens
399
00:41:31,240 --> 00:41:36,320
create perfect conditions for
London's most bizarre courtship...
400
00:41:39,400 --> 00:41:42,640
..the leopard slug mating dance.
401
00:41:56,200 --> 00:41:59,296
Slugs are hermaphrodites,
402
00:41:59,320 --> 00:42:02,400
each one is both male and female.
403
00:42:05,440 --> 00:42:08,176
As they dangle from a line of mucus,
404
00:42:08,200 --> 00:42:10,480
both are impregnated.
405
00:42:17,160 --> 00:42:19,056
For such maligned animals,
406
00:42:19,080 --> 00:42:22,640
their copulation
is strangely mesmerising.
407
00:42:38,920 --> 00:42:44,200
But it only leads
to one thing - more slugs.
408
00:42:49,320 --> 00:42:51,656
By the end of summer, there can be
409
00:42:51,680 --> 00:42:57,040
as many as 14,000 slugs
in one London garden.
410
00:42:58,760 --> 00:43:00,856
Gardeners try all sorts of things
411
00:43:00,880 --> 00:43:05,320
to keep them at bay, but the best
solutions come naturally.
412
00:43:09,200 --> 00:43:11,080
A female hedgehog.
413
00:43:14,040 --> 00:43:16,880
And she's brought reinforcements.
414
00:43:19,720 --> 00:43:21,576
Only five weeks old,
415
00:43:21,600 --> 00:43:24,840
her hoglets join her on
foraging trips.
416
00:43:32,080 --> 00:43:35,560
Her mating this season clearly
was successful.
417
00:43:39,000 --> 00:43:41,976
Slugs and snails are
their favourite.
418
00:43:42,000 --> 00:43:45,960
A single hedgehog can
devour several each night.
419
00:44:05,360 --> 00:44:08,896
Males play no part in parenting,
420
00:44:08,920 --> 00:44:13,816
but when it comes to helping
London's hedgehog population,
421
00:44:13,840 --> 00:44:15,840
it's mission accomplished.
422
00:44:33,720 --> 00:44:37,336
Back in Tottenham, the female
fox's next challenge
423
00:44:37,360 --> 00:44:41,920
is to introduce her cubs
to life beyond the allotment.
424
00:44:45,320 --> 00:44:47,400
Mum leads the way.
425
00:44:50,360 --> 00:44:52,720
And her excited cubs follow.
426
00:45:06,160 --> 00:45:08,040
Except for one.
427
00:45:11,080 --> 00:45:16,160
Too scared of the big city,
the more timid cub is left behind.
428
00:45:24,760 --> 00:45:27,400
Long, lonely nights pass.
429
00:45:44,320 --> 00:45:48,480
Finally, hunger and
curiosity get the better of her.
430
00:45:51,840 --> 00:45:53,896
With excellent night vision,
431
00:45:53,920 --> 00:45:57,400
highly sensitive ears
and a keen sense of smell...
432
00:45:59,880 --> 00:46:04,280
..she's well equipped to explore
what this city has to offer.
433
00:46:07,440 --> 00:46:09,480
TRAFFIC DRONES
434
00:46:18,280 --> 00:46:21,176
Just as she begins to find her feet,
435
00:46:21,200 --> 00:46:24,600
it's sensory overload.
CAR HORN BEEPS
436
00:46:25,960 --> 00:46:30,440
The road she's just crossed
is suddenly terrifying.
437
00:46:31,400 --> 00:46:33,720
CAR HORNS HONK
438
00:46:36,280 --> 00:46:39,096
And with good reason.
439
00:46:39,120 --> 00:46:42,840
Cars are the biggest
killers of urban foxes.
440
00:46:55,800 --> 00:46:58,800
Finally, a gap in the traffic.
441
00:47:06,320 --> 00:47:10,720
She turns tail back
to quieter roads.
442
00:47:15,240 --> 00:47:17,656
Often it's the most cautious
443
00:47:17,680 --> 00:47:20,960
that are more likely to survive
the journey to independence.
444
00:47:23,240 --> 00:47:25,160
And she's not alone yet.
445
00:47:26,320 --> 00:47:29,680
Her parents will be here to help
for a while...
446
00:47:34,080 --> 00:47:36,296
..as she gains in confidence
447
00:47:36,320 --> 00:47:38,680
and discovers the wonders of
the city.
448
00:47:44,920 --> 00:47:48,936
Some seem to be born
for a life on the streets,
449
00:47:48,960 --> 00:47:53,600
but others depend on us
to create more suitable space.
450
00:47:56,200 --> 00:47:57,936
And where better to start
451
00:47:57,960 --> 00:48:01,640
than with one of London's iconic
landmarks?
452
00:48:03,520 --> 00:48:07,256
The Natural History Museum
in South Kensington.
453
00:48:07,280 --> 00:48:09,800
It's one of my favourite buildings
in London.
454
00:48:14,040 --> 00:48:19,720
Its dinosaurs have inspired
visitors for nearly 150 years.
455
00:48:23,960 --> 00:48:26,336
And in the grounds outside,
456
00:48:26,360 --> 00:48:29,216
the recent addition of a
wildlife pond
457
00:48:29,240 --> 00:48:32,760
is attracting some
prehistoric monsters of its own.
458
00:48:47,320 --> 00:48:52,040
There is good grazing for
tadpoles at the sunlit surface.
459
00:48:57,800 --> 00:49:02,720
If it gets scary up top,
they descend to the depths to hide.
460
00:49:29,160 --> 00:49:31,536
Ancient nymphs have terrorised
461
00:49:31,560 --> 00:49:35,240
the waters of this land
since the time of the dinosaurs.
462
00:49:53,120 --> 00:49:56,416
With such voracious
predators lurking,
463
00:49:56,440 --> 00:49:59,440
only a handful
of tadpoles will survive.
464
00:50:01,080 --> 00:50:05,240
Few will be aware of the carnage
taking place below.
465
00:50:14,440 --> 00:50:16,536
After two years of feasting,
466
00:50:16,560 --> 00:50:21,040
the nymphs leave the water to
begin an incredible transformation.
467
00:50:44,280 --> 00:50:46,816
Emperor dragonflies,
468
00:50:46,840 --> 00:50:49,360
among the largest insects in Europe.
469
00:50:51,920 --> 00:50:54,976
Forget T-rex, dragonflies are
470
00:50:55,000 --> 00:50:58,560
the most efficient predators
to have ever lived.
471
00:50:59,880 --> 00:51:03,256
And far from becoming extinct,
they're thriving
472
00:51:03,280 --> 00:51:06,480
in the Royal Borough
of Kensington and Chelsea.
473
00:51:11,160 --> 00:51:14,936
This little oasis symbolises the
way London's attitude
474
00:51:14,960 --> 00:51:18,040
to its wildlife is beginning
to change.
475
00:51:22,000 --> 00:51:26,336
To the west in Greenford, a
meadow has become a place of hope
476
00:51:26,360 --> 00:51:29,840
for one of
Britain's smallest mammals.
477
00:51:37,320 --> 00:51:38,976
And here it is...
478
00:51:39,000 --> 00:51:40,640
..the harvest mouse.
479
00:51:42,880 --> 00:51:45,176
Welcome to your new home.
480
00:51:45,200 --> 00:51:46,376
There you go.
481
00:51:46,400 --> 00:51:49,360
HE CHUCKLES
It doesn't want to leave.
482
00:51:53,160 --> 00:51:55,856
Harvest mice disappeared
from this part
483
00:51:55,880 --> 00:51:59,576
of London around 40 years ago.
484
00:51:59,600 --> 00:52:02,040
Maybe this one will put that right.
485
00:52:03,240 --> 00:52:08,856
Harvest mice play an important
role in grassland ecology.
486
00:52:08,880 --> 00:52:11,616
They help disperse seeds
and are part
487
00:52:11,640 --> 00:52:14,280
of a complex web of predators
and prey.
488
00:52:16,360 --> 00:52:20,096
Of course, it takes a lot
more than my one mouse
489
00:52:20,120 --> 00:52:23,376
to establish a new population here.
490
00:52:23,400 --> 00:52:25,936
But thankfully, the desire to
bring the natural
491
00:52:25,960 --> 00:52:30,440
world back into our cities
is gaining momentum.
492
00:52:39,440 --> 00:52:42,656
Across London, people young and old
493
00:52:42,680 --> 00:52:46,160
are helping
to reintroduce lost species...
494
00:52:48,320 --> 00:52:52,960
..and restore a more natural balance
to urban areas.
495
00:53:01,600 --> 00:53:05,376
A stone's throw from where I
released the harvest mouse,
496
00:53:05,400 --> 00:53:08,536
London is home to a rewilding
project
497
00:53:08,560 --> 00:53:12,080
with ambitions on
a totally different scale.
498
00:53:16,400 --> 00:53:20,640
The signs of one animal's hard
work are everywhere.
499
00:53:23,880 --> 00:53:26,696
If you're lucky, just before sunset,
500
00:53:26,720 --> 00:53:28,760
you might catch a glimpse of one.
501
00:53:33,680 --> 00:53:36,976
If someone had told me
when I first moved here
502
00:53:37,000 --> 00:53:39,016
that one day I would be watching
503
00:53:39,040 --> 00:53:41,736
wild beavers in London,
504
00:53:41,760 --> 00:53:43,680
I would have thought they were mad.
505
00:53:45,000 --> 00:53:47,880
But there they are, right behind me.
506
00:53:51,560 --> 00:53:53,920
Happily going
about their own business.
507
00:54:00,960 --> 00:54:05,976
Wild beavers disappeared
from Britain about 400 years ago,
508
00:54:06,000 --> 00:54:10,480
but they've been successfully
brought back to this London wetland.
509
00:54:11,800 --> 00:54:16,496
Not only is it a wonderful sight,
their presence is also helping
510
00:54:16,520 --> 00:54:20,880
to reshape the urban environment
for the better.
511
00:54:25,640 --> 00:54:29,336
This beaver family fell a few
trees each year,
512
00:54:29,360 --> 00:54:32,920
and that lets in light
for other plants to grow.
513
00:54:42,360 --> 00:54:46,376
And the dams that these ecosystem
engineers build
514
00:54:46,400 --> 00:54:48,960
help to filter the water.
515
00:54:55,040 --> 00:54:59,056
More plants and cleaner water
attracts more insects,
516
00:54:59,080 --> 00:55:02,640
which in turn feed a community
of animals.
517
00:55:04,400 --> 00:55:07,600
A whole wetland has been brought
back to life.
518
00:55:09,280 --> 00:55:12,560
And it can now retain a
lot more water.
519
00:55:19,960 --> 00:55:23,040
Incredibly, for the first time
in a decade...
520
00:55:24,040 --> 00:55:28,160
..residential areas downstream
have been flood free.
521
00:55:30,760 --> 00:55:33,296
If a few beavers can have such
522
00:55:33,320 --> 00:55:36,376
a positive impact on this corner
of West London,
523
00:55:36,400 --> 00:55:38,776
imagine what else can be achieved
524
00:55:38,800 --> 00:55:41,040
if we let nature back
into our cities.
525
00:55:47,040 --> 00:55:49,856
The way in which London
has changed over my
526
00:55:49,880 --> 00:55:53,960
lifetime reflects the problems
in front of us all.
527
00:55:55,320 --> 00:56:00,680
Making space for nature is one
of the greatest challenges we face.
528
00:56:05,120 --> 00:56:09,776
But I also see how we can all make
a difference...
529
00:56:09,800 --> 00:56:11,600
..no matter how small.
530
00:56:14,240 --> 00:56:17,280
Whether lending wildlife a helping
hand...
531
00:56:19,200 --> 00:56:23,776
..or making our world more welcoming
to nature.
532
00:56:23,800 --> 00:56:30,560
Securing a brighter future
for both animals and us too.
533
00:56:34,960 --> 00:56:39,160
After all, a greener city is a
healthier city.
534
00:56:40,520 --> 00:56:45,640
And the best place to enjoy nature
is close to home.
535
00:56:54,400 --> 00:56:57,816
Standing among these
marvellous trees,
536
00:56:57,840 --> 00:57:01,496
it's hard to believe that I'm
in a capital city.
537
00:57:01,520 --> 00:57:06,096
Richmond Park is one of
my favourite places.
538
00:57:06,120 --> 00:57:08,216
Just minutes from my house,
539
00:57:08,240 --> 00:57:13,120
it's been both a refuge and a source
of inspiration over the years.
540
00:57:14,280 --> 00:57:16,376
I've been coming here ever since
541
00:57:16,400 --> 00:57:20,656
I moved to London over
70 years ago.
542
00:57:20,680 --> 00:57:25,176
Even after all that time and after
all the places I've visited,
543
00:57:25,200 --> 00:57:27,640
I wouldn't
want to live anywhere else.
42928
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