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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:01,067 --> 00:00:04,276 THE BATTLE OF CHILE 2 00:00:04,504 --> 00:00:09,385 The struggle of an unarmed people 3 00:00:10,810 --> 00:00:14,257 a Patricio Guzm�n Film 4 00:01:45,705 --> 00:01:49,482 In memory of Jorge M�ller Silva 5 00:02:23,076 --> 00:02:28,150 Part One: THE INSURRECTION OF THE BOURGEOISIE 6 00:02:29,549 --> 00:02:32,621 Six months before the bombing of the La Moneda palace... 7 00:02:32,752 --> 00:02:36,199 ...the Chilean people are voting to renew Parliament. 8 00:02:37,123 --> 00:02:40,593 The political forces are divided in two blocks. 9 00:02:40,760 --> 00:02:42,762 On one side, the center right opposition... 10 00:02:43,029 --> 00:02:45,566 ...made up by the Christian Democrat and National parties. 11 00:02:45,899 --> 00:02:47,970 On the other, the left wing parties... 12 00:02:48,134 --> 00:02:49,977 ...grouped together in Popular Unity... 13 00:02:50,203 --> 00:02:52,809 ...and supporting Salvador Allende. 14 00:02:52,872 --> 00:02:59,482 The left, united, will never be defeated! 15 00:03:01,881 --> 00:03:03,485 Synch! 16 00:03:03,750 --> 00:03:11,760 The left, united, will never be defeated! 17 00:03:13,860 --> 00:03:14,998 Cut! 18 00:03:15,161 --> 00:03:16,765 Clapper! 19 00:03:17,730 --> 00:03:20,904 Sir, who do you think will win the elections on Sunday? 20 00:03:21,301 --> 00:03:23,144 Well, I'm apolitical. 21 00:03:24,037 --> 00:03:26,210 Ma'am, who do you think will win? 22 00:03:26,272 --> 00:03:28,650 The opposition has to win. - The opposition? - Yes. 23 00:03:28,875 --> 00:03:31,913 - By what percentage? - I've got no idea. 24 00:03:32,946 --> 00:03:35,893 Frei! Jarpa! Labb�! 25 00:03:36,149 --> 00:03:38,026 All three are rubbish! 26 00:03:38,251 --> 00:03:41,095 Frei! Jarpa! Labb�! 27 00:03:41,287 --> 00:03:43,267 All three are rubbish! 28 00:03:44,057 --> 00:03:46,799 Who will you be voting for in the elections? 29 00:03:46,993 --> 00:03:49,906 For Volodia Teitelboim and Eliana Aranibar. 30 00:03:50,296 --> 00:03:52,276 How do you see the future? 31 00:03:52,699 --> 00:03:55,646 We'll continue to progress but we must Keep fighting... 32 00:03:55,835 --> 00:03:57,940 ...much more than we have done. 33 00:03:58,137 --> 00:04:01,311 What can I say about Frei? When he was in government... 34 00:04:01,507 --> 00:04:04,010 ...I lived in a shack that was falling down. 35 00:04:05,011 --> 00:04:07,252 It was damp all the time... 36 00:04:07,447 --> 00:04:09,484 ...and my four children had bronchopneumonia. 37 00:04:09,682 --> 00:04:12,856 I asked everywhere for help and nobody listened to me. 38 00:04:13,019 --> 00:04:15,932 But now, wherever I go, I'm seen to... 39 00:04:16,222 --> 00:04:18,930 ...and thanks to Allende, I've got a lovely house. 40 00:04:19,158 --> 00:04:22,071 I don't have many comforts, but we don't go hungry. 41 00:04:29,702 --> 00:04:31,113 I'm retired. 42 00:04:32,438 --> 00:04:33,974 I'm retired. 43 00:04:34,574 --> 00:04:39,523 No government has ever done what this government has. 44 00:04:41,547 --> 00:04:44,221 - Who's going to win? - Popular Unity... 45 00:04:44,417 --> 00:04:47,057 ...because the workers have to decide Chile's fate. 46 00:04:47,253 --> 00:04:49,164 What do you think of the Christian Democracy? 47 00:04:51,291 --> 00:04:54,761 I think that the Christian Democracy is a party... 48 00:04:55,361 --> 00:04:59,503 ...which has always defended the interests of its class... 49 00:04:59,699 --> 00:05:02,873 ...but never the interests of the working class. 50 00:05:03,069 --> 00:05:06,744 Thank you. Over there, Flaco. Film the drinks seller. 51 00:05:07,240 --> 00:05:09,083 Excuse me, comrade. 52 00:05:09,275 --> 00:05:12,154 Comrade, who's going to win on Sunday? 53 00:05:12,578 --> 00:05:15,218 - I couldn't say. - You couldn't say? - No, sir. 54 00:05:15,281 --> 00:05:18,421 - I've got no idea. - Do you read the papers? - Not a lot. 55 00:05:19,852 --> 00:05:22,696 - Who'll win on Sunday? - We will, the PU. 56 00:05:23,790 --> 00:05:26,600 - We've got the majority. - We'll get 45%. 57 00:05:26,793 --> 00:05:29,899 Popular Unity is going to win by an overwhelming amount. 58 00:05:30,163 --> 00:05:32,700 It's the workers' government, the people's government. 59 00:05:32,999 --> 00:05:35,411 The people have seen the benefits... 60 00:05:35,601 --> 00:05:38,138 ...that socialism brings for all the citizens. 61 00:05:38,471 --> 00:05:40,849 Thank you, comrade. Cut! 62 00:05:42,275 --> 00:05:46,246 Sir, what percentage do you give to Popular Unity? 63 00:05:48,281 --> 00:05:49,988 The truth is... 64 00:05:50,216 --> 00:05:52,822 ...Popular Unity is going to win... 65 00:05:53,086 --> 00:05:59,093 ...because we started out in 1970 with 36%... 66 00:05:59,559 --> 00:06:03,234 ...and at the present time, with all that we've seen... 67 00:06:03,463 --> 00:06:07,172 ...and the people who are with comrade Salvador Allende... 68 00:06:08,935 --> 00:06:12,041 ...we're guaranteed to get 43% and more. 69 00:06:12,205 --> 00:06:13,843 43% and more. 70 00:06:14,107 --> 00:06:16,053 Good afternoon, ladies. 71 00:06:16,676 --> 00:06:18,314 Who will you vote for? 72 00:06:18,511 --> 00:06:21,390 I'm voting for Volodia Teitelboim... 73 00:06:21,614 --> 00:06:23,059 ...and Eliana Aranibar. 74 00:06:23,249 --> 00:06:24,853 What percentage do you give Popular Unity? 75 00:06:25,051 --> 00:06:26,359 Over 40%. 76 00:06:26,419 --> 00:06:29,866 - And the food shortage? - I don't think there is one. 77 00:06:30,089 --> 00:06:32,000 I haven't lost an ounce of weight! 78 00:06:33,259 --> 00:06:34,738 Recording! 79 00:07:19,172 --> 00:07:21,948 Sir, what do you think about the elections? 80 00:07:23,075 --> 00:07:27,319 Popular Unity are going to get less than 20%. 81 00:07:27,847 --> 00:07:29,690 How do you see the future? 82 00:07:30,917 --> 00:07:34,057 Whatever happens, we'll still have lots of problems. 83 00:07:45,731 --> 00:07:47,836 Sir, what do you think about the elections? 84 00:07:48,100 --> 00:07:50,137 - Leave me alone. - Thank you. 85 00:07:53,139 --> 00:07:55,449 What do you think about the elections? 86 00:07:55,675 --> 00:07:58,121 The opposition will win, especially the National Party. 87 00:07:58,344 --> 00:07:59,652 And the future? 88 00:07:59,879 --> 00:08:02,758 Chile has to rise up with freedom and democracy. 89 00:08:05,952 --> 00:08:09,263 Sir, what do you think about the elections on Sunday? 90 00:08:09,856 --> 00:08:11,836 I think it's a plebiscite... 91 00:08:13,125 --> 00:08:14,968 ...and on Sunday Chile is going to decide... 92 00:08:15,161 --> 00:08:16,936 ...if it wants Marxism or freedom. 93 00:08:16,996 --> 00:08:20,273 How do you view the future, after the elections? 94 00:08:20,466 --> 00:08:22,605 The only solution is a change of government. 95 00:08:22,802 --> 00:08:25,942 - Do you believe in elections? - Yes, of course. 96 00:08:29,375 --> 00:08:32,379 Sir, what do you think about the elections on Sunday? 97 00:08:37,717 --> 00:08:40,561 I think that the Popular Front is going to get a hammering... 98 00:08:40,786 --> 00:08:42,697 ...and it's going to be wiped out. 99 00:08:43,122 --> 00:08:46,660 - Do you believe in elections? - Yes, absolutely. 100 00:08:46,993 --> 00:08:49,837 What percentages for Popular Unity and the National Party? 101 00:08:50,029 --> 00:08:51,804 30% and 70%. 102 00:08:52,431 --> 00:08:54,502 - How do you see the future? - The future? 103 00:08:54,767 --> 00:08:56,940 Chile's always had a promising future. 104 00:08:57,436 --> 00:08:58,938 - Thank you. - You're welcome. 105 00:08:59,772 --> 00:09:03,242 Ma'am, what's your position as regards the elections? 106 00:09:03,776 --> 00:09:05,847 Jarpa and Alessandri. 107 00:09:06,012 --> 00:09:09,619 - What's your preference? - The National Party. 108 00:09:10,116 --> 00:09:12,756 Do you believe in elections or in other methods? 109 00:09:13,419 --> 00:09:16,366 I think there has to be a firm line. 110 00:09:17,223 --> 00:09:21,569 There must never be any question of playing with the people. 111 00:09:21,827 --> 00:09:25,206 How do you view the future, after the elections? 112 00:09:25,398 --> 00:09:27,901 We have to work hard to rebuild Chile. 113 00:09:30,803 --> 00:09:33,716 - Sir, who will you be voting for? - For Jarpa. 114 00:09:33,973 --> 00:09:35,816 And who'll win the elections? 115 00:09:35,975 --> 00:09:38,353 The opposition will, easily. 116 00:09:38,511 --> 00:09:42,084 - And with what percentage? - 65% at least. 117 00:09:42,481 --> 00:09:44,586 And what will happen in Chile then? 118 00:09:44,817 --> 00:09:47,423 The government will have to respect the majority. 119 00:09:48,888 --> 00:09:51,596 Do you believe in elections or in other methods? 120 00:09:51,791 --> 00:09:53,964 - Elections. - Thank you. 121 00:09:54,894 --> 00:09:56,999 They should impeach the President! 122 00:09:57,563 --> 00:10:01,943 - What? - They should impeach him and throw him out on May 21! 123 00:10:02,401 --> 00:10:05,382 He's destroyed the country, ruined it... 124 00:10:05,705 --> 00:10:07,844 ...and this is a corrupt, degenerate government! 125 00:10:08,074 --> 00:10:10,247 Degenerate, corrupt, filthy! 126 00:10:10,610 --> 00:10:13,352 All those dirty communists should get out of Chile! 127 00:10:13,512 --> 00:10:16,220 On May 21, thank God, we'll have... 128 00:10:16,349 --> 00:10:19,159 ...the cleanest, finest government we've ever had! 129 00:10:19,385 --> 00:10:20,830 Democracy will win... 130 00:10:20,886 --> 00:10:23,924 ...and we'll get rid of those rotten Marxist communists! 131 00:10:24,690 --> 00:10:26,294 Who do you prefer among the opposition? 132 00:10:27,360 --> 00:10:29,636 Candidates? Jarpa and Gustavo Alessandri. 133 00:10:30,129 --> 00:10:31,574 And what percentage? 134 00:10:32,031 --> 00:10:33,567 My ideal would be 100%... 135 00:10:33,866 --> 00:10:36,039 ...but really I think it'll be around 70%. 136 00:10:37,837 --> 00:10:43,788 Power to the workers! 137 00:10:45,344 --> 00:10:49,417 Comrade, what's your opinion about the elections? 138 00:10:50,049 --> 00:10:51,960 I say Popular Unity will win. 139 00:10:52,518 --> 00:10:54,964 And to hell with the "mummies" on the right! 140 00:10:55,821 --> 00:10:59,701 We'll win with Popular Unity. Here and everywhere else. 141 00:11:00,026 --> 00:11:01,596 The "mummies" can drop dead! 142 00:11:01,694 --> 00:11:04,732 Power to the workers! 143 00:11:04,897 --> 00:11:07,275 What do you think about the elections? 144 00:11:08,567 --> 00:11:12,071 We have to fight to get a big majority. 145 00:11:12,872 --> 00:11:15,284 We who can see things very clearly... 146 00:11:15,474 --> 00:11:20,116 ...realize that the only way to get power... 147 00:11:20,346 --> 00:11:21,916 ...given that we've got the government... 148 00:11:22,114 --> 00:11:25,323 ...is by winning the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. 149 00:11:25,718 --> 00:11:28,892 What it really means is getting a bit more power... 150 00:11:29,255 --> 00:11:31,030 ...more power for the class. 151 00:11:31,924 --> 00:11:33,961 But, even so... 152 00:11:34,393 --> 00:11:36,236 ...it isn't the definitive solution. 153 00:11:36,429 --> 00:11:39,273 We believe that one election more or less... 154 00:11:39,465 --> 00:11:42,537 ...won't solve the problem and avoid the civil war. 155 00:11:42,702 --> 00:11:45,444 The civil war is inevitable and fundamental. 156 00:11:45,671 --> 00:11:48,277 And it's going to happen, because at present... 157 00:11:48,474 --> 00:11:51,853 ...the classes are becoming more and more polarized. 158 00:11:52,044 --> 00:11:55,548 On one side, the bourgeoisie, on the other, the proletariat. 159 00:11:55,715 --> 00:11:57,251 That confrontation will come. 160 00:11:57,383 --> 00:12:05,393 Forward without compromise! 161 00:12:08,861 --> 00:12:11,899 As usual, the armed forces guarantee order... 162 00:12:12,064 --> 00:12:13,543 ...during the elections. 163 00:12:13,733 --> 00:12:15,735 The opposition votes, confident of victory. 164 00:12:16,168 --> 00:12:17,943 With a two thirds majority in Parliament... 165 00:12:18,104 --> 00:12:21,847 ...it could remove President Allende by impeaching him. 166 00:12:22,374 --> 00:12:25,719 For that, they need more than 60% of the votes. 167 00:12:28,981 --> 00:12:31,257 For Popular Unity, this is the first ballot... 168 00:12:31,450 --> 00:12:34,294 ...with all the opposition forces since the presidential victory in 1970. 169 00:12:34,920 --> 00:12:37,799 It's also a chance to measure their electoral strength... 170 00:12:37,990 --> 00:12:40,129 ...after two years of an economic boycott... 171 00:12:40,326 --> 00:12:42,897 ...imposed by Washington, and internal opposition. 172 00:12:43,596 --> 00:12:48,204 On Sunday, March 4 at 8:00 a.m., voting has started. 173 00:12:52,438 --> 00:12:53,815 Good afternoon, ma'am. 174 00:12:53,973 --> 00:12:56,385 We're doing interviews for Channel 13. 175 00:12:56,542 --> 00:13:00,285 We'd like to know your views and who you think will win. 176 00:13:00,746 --> 00:13:03,352 - We're sorry to bother you. - No, it's no bother. 177 00:13:03,616 --> 00:13:05,596 I like Baltra. I voted for him. 178 00:13:06,018 --> 00:13:07,292 - Baltra? - Yes. 179 00:13:07,520 --> 00:13:09,932 What do you think the percentages will be? 180 00:13:10,089 --> 00:13:12,160 - Do you want to come in? - Yes, if we may. 181 00:13:16,328 --> 00:13:19,741 Sir, we're doing interviews for Channel 13. 182 00:13:20,099 --> 00:13:24,548 Could you tell us how you think the percentages will be? 183 00:13:24,703 --> 00:13:26,683 - I don't know, I don't vote. - You don't? 184 00:13:26,872 --> 00:13:28,249 - You've got no preference? - None. 185 00:13:28,440 --> 00:13:31,910 You said you voted for Baltra. At what time? 186 00:13:33,646 --> 00:13:36,126 It's Channel 13. No, I voted for Jarpa. 187 00:13:36,315 --> 00:13:38,022 - You voted for Jarpa? - Yes. 188 00:13:38,184 --> 00:13:40,664 - At what time did you vote? - At 11 :00 am. 189 00:13:40,886 --> 00:13:43,389 - In what commune? - The National Stadium. 190 00:13:43,589 --> 00:13:46,365 What do you think of the elections today? 191 00:13:46,592 --> 00:13:48,663 I think it's great... 192 00:13:48,894 --> 00:13:51,898 ...and I think that democracy is going to win. 193 00:13:52,131 --> 00:13:55,078 What do you think will happen in the future in Chile? 194 00:13:55,401 --> 00:13:57,972 Everything will be sorted out and we'll rebuild Chile. 195 00:13:58,604 --> 00:14:02,051 Do you think the President should be removed or not? 196 00:14:02,107 --> 00:14:05,953 I couldn't say, but all this has to be sorted out. 197 00:14:06,212 --> 00:14:09,125 What did you think of Jarpa's meeting here two days ago? 198 00:14:09,315 --> 00:14:11,352 Fantastic! I saw it from here. 199 00:14:11,550 --> 00:14:13,757 Did it really catch your attention? 200 00:14:14,086 --> 00:14:16,623 Of course! The crowds and the enthusiasm... 201 00:14:17,022 --> 00:14:18,695 ...and all very orderly. 202 00:14:19,725 --> 00:14:23,434 Well, I thought it was great, and we're going to win! 203 00:14:26,298 --> 00:14:30,576 And what about the alliance with Christian Democracy? 204 00:14:32,938 --> 00:14:35,145 I think it's splendid, really good. 205 00:14:35,341 --> 00:14:37,048 You feel happy about that alliance? 206 00:14:37,243 --> 00:14:40,554 Yes, I do, because I think it'll fix everything. 207 00:14:40,980 --> 00:14:42,960 Thank you very much. 208 00:14:49,255 --> 00:14:52,361 At 5:00 p.m., the first results start to come in. 209 00:14:54,660 --> 00:14:57,470 The Interior Minister, General Carlos Prats... 210 00:14:57,630 --> 00:14:59,803 ...ensures the maximum guarantees of honesty... 211 00:14:59,999 --> 00:15:01,376 ...for all the sectors. 212 00:15:01,567 --> 00:15:03,979 Nevertheless, before the count is finished... 213 00:15:04,203 --> 00:15:07,207 ...some media are announcing a victory for the opposition. 214 00:15:08,374 --> 00:15:11,947 They don't say that over 40% of the votes are for the left. 215 00:15:12,211 --> 00:15:14,919 The opposition, who never doubted their victory... 216 00:15:15,114 --> 00:15:18,527 ...celebrate the supposed end of Popular Unity. 217 00:15:32,498 --> 00:15:33,875 What do you think of the elections? 218 00:15:34,066 --> 00:15:36,808 We're winning! We've got over 60%! 219 00:15:52,952 --> 00:15:54,989 What do you think of the elections? 220 00:15:55,220 --> 00:15:57,791 Fantastic! But we were bound to win! 221 00:16:01,994 --> 00:16:03,098 Sir, what do you... 222 00:16:03,162 --> 00:16:06,268 Great! I'm Argentinean and I'm delighted that Frei has won! 223 00:16:06,532 --> 00:16:09,877 It's terrific! Chile needs a few more Freis. 224 00:16:11,637 --> 00:16:14,948 Over here! Come on, Flaco, move it! 225 00:16:21,947 --> 00:16:26,293 - How do you feel about it? - It's a great victory! 226 00:16:29,121 --> 00:16:32,762 It's a fantastic success! We're delighted! 227 00:16:33,058 --> 00:16:35,004 How do you see the future? 228 00:16:35,227 --> 00:16:37,173 A plebiscite, and we'll win the elections. 229 00:16:37,363 --> 00:16:39,639 Allende will have to leave Chile immediately. 230 00:16:39,832 --> 00:16:42,540 - Would you impeach him? - Yes, of course. 231 00:16:43,002 --> 00:16:44,640 Anyway, so long! 232 00:16:50,576 --> 00:16:53,989 What do you think about today's elections? 233 00:16:54,113 --> 00:16:56,616 It's a triumph for democracy and Chile will always be free! 234 00:16:56,815 --> 00:16:59,853 - What will happen now? - God forbid anything does. 235 00:17:00,052 --> 00:17:02,259 All we ask is that Chile is always free! 236 00:17:05,157 --> 00:17:07,467 Are you in favor of impeaching Allende? 237 00:17:07,659 --> 00:17:08,899 - Yes, sir. - Yes. 238 00:17:09,128 --> 00:17:11,233 You don't think that could cause a civil war? 239 00:17:11,397 --> 00:17:14,003 - It doesn't matter. - We've got the majority. 240 00:17:16,869 --> 00:17:18,473 What do you think of the election? 241 00:17:18,670 --> 00:17:20,547 We finally beat those bastards! 242 00:17:23,475 --> 00:17:25,421 What do you think of the election? 243 00:17:25,577 --> 00:17:27,454 Very good, magnificent. 244 00:17:34,386 --> 00:17:37,663 I'd just like to say that it's really wonderful. 245 00:17:37,756 --> 00:17:40,464 The PU ended up in the garbage... 246 00:17:40,659 --> 00:17:42,036 ...to put it politely! 247 00:17:45,330 --> 00:17:47,640 - Who was your favorite? - Frei. 248 00:17:53,705 --> 00:17:56,049 I am Alfonso Carrasco Cerda... 249 00:17:56,375 --> 00:17:59,049 ...president of the Bank of Chile retirement club. 250 00:17:59,311 --> 00:18:01,985 I believe that we have defended... 251 00:18:02,181 --> 00:18:04,024 ...democracy and freedom in Chile. 252 00:18:04,216 --> 00:18:05,923 Would you like to say anything else? 253 00:18:06,452 --> 00:18:07,658 Yes! 254 00:18:09,555 --> 00:18:12,468 Greetings to all the people... 255 00:18:12,691 --> 00:18:14,830 ...who have helped to free our country. 256 00:18:21,500 --> 00:18:23,878 After midnight, the final results... 257 00:18:24,103 --> 00:18:26,276 ...spread confusion among the opposition. 258 00:18:27,072 --> 00:18:30,576 The dreamed-of number of votes evaporates in disaster. 259 00:18:30,742 --> 00:18:32,085 Against all predictions... 260 00:18:32,277 --> 00:18:34,314 ...Popular Unity doesn't only not lose electoral support... 261 00:18:34,546 --> 00:18:36,025 ...it increases it. 262 00:18:36,415 --> 00:18:40,989 Rejecting the calculations, one sector of the opposition talks of fraud... 263 00:18:41,053 --> 00:18:43,431 ...and sends its troublemakers onto the street. 264 00:19:19,458 --> 00:19:22,667 A few days later, the Election Examination Tribunal... 265 00:19:22,828 --> 00:19:26,173 ...controlled by the opposition is obliged to confirm the official results. 266 00:19:27,699 --> 00:19:31,613 The opposition parties are very far from the 2/3 they'd dreamed of... 267 00:19:31,670 --> 00:19:33,377 ...in order to remove Salvador Allende. 268 00:19:35,440 --> 00:19:38,785 Popular Unity increase to 43.4% of the votes... 269 00:19:38,977 --> 00:19:41,389 ...and increase their numbers in Parliament. 270 00:19:41,580 --> 00:19:43,821 They obtain unprecedented support... 271 00:19:44,082 --> 00:19:46,392 ...after two and a half years in office. 272 00:19:48,487 --> 00:19:49,830 For the opposition... 273 00:19:50,055 --> 00:19:51,534 ...the swearing-in of the new deputies... 274 00:19:51,723 --> 00:19:53,566 ...marks the end of the electoral phase. 275 00:19:59,498 --> 00:20:01,102 Honorable deputies... 276 00:20:01,700 --> 00:20:03,611 ...do you swear or promise... 277 00:20:03,835 --> 00:20:06,008 ...to protect the Constitution of the State... 278 00:20:06,271 --> 00:20:09,218 ...and defend, in the exercise of your duties... 279 00:20:09,441 --> 00:20:10,977 ...its true interests? 280 00:20:12,411 --> 00:20:14,357 Yes, we do. 281 00:20:14,947 --> 00:20:17,086 I hereby declare you incorporated. 282 00:20:20,285 --> 00:20:23,926 The aims of the present session being completed... 283 00:20:24,122 --> 00:20:25,999 ...it is now adjourned. 284 00:20:26,491 --> 00:20:29,495 From now on, the White House and the Chilean opposition... 285 00:20:29,561 --> 00:20:30,869 ...realize that the mechanisms... 286 00:20:31,063 --> 00:20:33,134 ...of representative democracy are of no use to them. 287 00:20:33,765 --> 00:20:35,745 The votes won by the Government coalition... 288 00:20:35,934 --> 00:20:37,880 ...show that the desire for social change... 289 00:20:38,136 --> 00:20:40,616 ...has not decreased, despite the millions of dollars... 290 00:20:40,806 --> 00:20:43,082 ...invested by the North American government. 291 00:20:44,409 --> 00:20:47,686 After March, the strategy of the democratic opposition... 292 00:20:47,879 --> 00:20:51,349 ...will be, paradoxically, that of the coup d'�tat. 293 00:20:53,252 --> 00:20:58,600 HOARDING AND THE BLACK MARKET 294 00:21:01,493 --> 00:21:03,803 Thanks to a complaint lodged by a neighbor... 295 00:21:03,962 --> 00:21:07,774 ...it was discovered that here in 319 Copiap Street... 296 00:21:08,000 --> 00:21:10,913 ...the following stocks were being hoarded. 297 00:21:10,969 --> 00:21:14,143 20 tons of sugar, 400 boxes of toilet rolls... 298 00:21:14,306 --> 00:21:17,412 ...500 boxes of detergent, 100 boxes of Nescaf�... 299 00:21:17,476 --> 00:21:20,946 ...100 boxes of condensed milk, 50 boxes of salmon... 300 00:21:21,013 --> 00:21:22,321 ...large amounts of rice. 301 00:21:23,148 --> 00:21:27,221 This will be sold to the neighbors in this sector... 302 00:21:27,386 --> 00:21:29,832 ...a large number of whom are gathered here. 303 00:21:31,123 --> 00:21:34,798 I'd say this sale will last for approximately three days. 304 00:21:35,694 --> 00:21:37,071 The Government strengthens... 305 00:21:37,329 --> 00:21:39,468 ...the Councils for Provisions and Prices. 306 00:21:40,098 --> 00:21:42,135 In theory, these are local organizations... 307 00:21:42,334 --> 00:21:44,871 ...to supervise food distribution... 308 00:21:45,037 --> 00:21:47,176 ...and report any speculating by shopkeepers. 309 00:21:47,539 --> 00:21:49,917 When the Councils discover any hoarding... 310 00:21:50,075 --> 00:21:51,850 ...the Government intervenes... 311 00:21:52,044 --> 00:21:53,853 ...and the products are put on sale. 312 00:21:54,079 --> 00:21:57,458 In the warehouse belonging to Mrs. Moreno D�az... 313 00:21:59,918 --> 00:22:02,159 ...the following goods were found. 314 00:22:02,621 --> 00:22:04,692 310 packets of tea... 315 00:22:05,357 --> 00:22:07,735 ...2 boxes of "350"... 316 00:22:08,360 --> 00:22:10,897 ...53 boxes of baby food. 317 00:22:11,830 --> 00:22:15,209 All of it had been eaten by mice. 318 00:22:21,173 --> 00:22:25,349 I bought detergent and two little packets of tea... 319 00:22:25,544 --> 00:22:29,492 ...because I didn't have any more money with me. 320 00:22:29,748 --> 00:22:31,352 I couldn't buy any more. 321 00:22:31,550 --> 00:22:33,689 Well, I've got ten children... 322 00:22:33,885 --> 00:22:36,889 ...and I have to waste the whole morning looking... 323 00:22:42,661 --> 00:22:44,436 We have to put an end to the black market. 324 00:22:44,696 --> 00:22:48,667 We have to close the shops and jail the owners. 325 00:22:48,867 --> 00:22:51,711 We have to do that to scare those people... 326 00:22:51,937 --> 00:22:53,473 ...so they stop speculating. 327 00:22:53,672 --> 00:22:55,743 I think there are lots of provisions. 328 00:22:55,974 --> 00:22:58,818 Look at how often we've seen in the newspapers here... 329 00:22:58,977 --> 00:23:03,187 ...about all the tons of sugar, all that stuff that's hoarded. 330 00:23:04,549 --> 00:23:08,122 In March, there are 3,000 COPPs in all of Chile. 331 00:23:08,253 --> 00:23:12,030 In some cases, they introduce ration cards... 332 00:23:12,257 --> 00:23:14,669 ...in order to improve distribution... 333 00:23:16,862 --> 00:23:19,069 What's the card? Can we see it? 334 00:23:20,665 --> 00:23:23,544 It's my ration card. I've got 14 rations. 335 00:23:24,236 --> 00:23:27,274 I've got 2 stock cubes marked down. 336 00:23:27,539 --> 00:23:29,382 No, 4 cubes, when they arrive. 337 00:23:29,608 --> 00:23:31,781 If more come, they give you more. 338 00:23:32,010 --> 00:23:35,253 It's all rationed. Coffee, milk, everything. 339 00:23:37,015 --> 00:23:38,688 Can you get by on that? 340 00:23:38,850 --> 00:23:40,852 Yes, we can get by. And if we don't... 341 00:23:40,986 --> 00:23:43,660 ...then we try to buy other things instead. 342 00:23:44,156 --> 00:23:46,158 Will we collect the the vegetables you bought? 343 00:23:48,794 --> 00:23:51,240 The main aims of the opposition... 344 00:23:51,963 --> 00:23:54,170 ...are to disrupt food supplies... 345 00:23:54,366 --> 00:23:57,404 ...exhaust the reserve stocks and sabotage harvests... 346 00:23:57,569 --> 00:23:59,640 ...so as to increase the scarcity of basic necessities. 347 00:24:05,811 --> 00:24:07,347 Is there any oil? 348 00:24:07,879 --> 00:24:10,155 I don't know if there's any today... 349 00:24:10,348 --> 00:24:12,419 ...but I got oil three days ago. 350 00:24:13,351 --> 00:24:14,796 Would you like to say anything... 351 00:24:14,986 --> 00:24:17,592 ...to other comrades? We're making a documentary. 352 00:24:18,256 --> 00:24:21,567 I'll put up with everything that happens so that... 353 00:24:22,060 --> 00:24:25,769 ...at least my children can have a better future. 354 00:24:26,198 --> 00:24:28,235 I approve of this government. 355 00:24:28,867 --> 00:24:32,440 - Would you like to say more? - No, that's all, thank you. 356 00:24:34,105 --> 00:24:39,783 PARLIAMENTARY BOYCOTT 357 00:24:40,512 --> 00:24:42,856 For the opposition, the example of the COPPs... 358 00:24:43,048 --> 00:24:44,618 ...is getting dangerous. 359 00:24:45,383 --> 00:24:49,195 Congress begins an indictment against Orlando Millas... 360 00:24:49,354 --> 00:24:51,095 ...the minister who promoted the COPPs. 361 00:24:51,923 --> 00:24:55,461 The opposition is using its simple majority in Congress... 362 00:24:55,694 --> 00:24:57,537 ...to discredit the government. 363 00:24:58,630 --> 00:25:02,305 Here are all the documents which record the accusations. 364 00:25:02,734 --> 00:25:05,408 In this case, to comply with the regulation procedures... 365 00:25:05,670 --> 00:25:07,047 ...the opposition appoints one of its deputies... 366 00:25:07,239 --> 00:25:09,845 ...to interrogate a neighbor, a member of the COPPS. 367 00:25:10,642 --> 00:25:12,849 What do they actually do? 368 00:25:13,044 --> 00:25:16,491 How does this organization COPP work? 369 00:25:16,748 --> 00:25:20,059 As I think I already said... 370 00:25:20,318 --> 00:25:21,991 ...COPP is an organization... 371 00:25:22,187 --> 00:25:26,033 ...of people, residents, workers, housewives... 372 00:25:26,558 --> 00:25:31,405 ...who join together and, by a group decision... 373 00:25:31,630 --> 00:25:34,042 ...are given the authority... 374 00:25:34,299 --> 00:25:38,338 ...to control, or rather to oversee... 375 00:25:38,537 --> 00:25:41,108 ...if there are sufficient provisions or not... 376 00:25:41,373 --> 00:25:42,647 ...in their neighborhood. 377 00:25:42,874 --> 00:25:45,411 That's what I'm trying to get you to explain to me. 378 00:25:45,610 --> 00:25:46,953 - Yes. - You understand? 379 00:25:48,613 --> 00:25:52,083 I'm just trying to guide you. That doesn't mean... 380 00:25:52,384 --> 00:25:54,227 ...that I'm trying to get you to say something. 381 00:25:54,819 --> 00:25:57,265 I like to be very honest in my dealings. 382 00:25:57,923 --> 00:26:02,394 If I can just explain, I think that the function... 383 00:26:02,827 --> 00:26:05,103 ...of this organization COPP... 384 00:26:05,830 --> 00:26:09,175 ...is to fulfill the role of ensuring... 385 00:26:09,401 --> 00:26:12,974 ...that people receive sufficient provisions... 386 00:26:13,238 --> 00:26:16,742 ...for all the family groups living in the neighborhood. 387 00:26:17,742 --> 00:26:20,689 Although the opposition fails to prove anything... 388 00:26:20,879 --> 00:26:22,881 ...the accusation is maintained. 389 00:26:23,214 --> 00:26:26,593 The procedure will be repeated with other top officials. 390 00:26:26,885 --> 00:26:29,525 The ministers either give in or are expelled. 391 00:26:30,622 --> 00:26:32,067 Through the accusations... 392 00:26:32,357 --> 00:26:34,428 ...the opposition provokes a con?ict of powers... 393 00:26:34,659 --> 00:26:37,003 ...between Parliament and the President of the Republic. 394 00:26:37,596 --> 00:26:40,270 In all the cases, a representative of the left... 395 00:26:40,498 --> 00:26:43,672 ...will demonstrate the legal fragility of the accusations. 396 00:26:45,203 --> 00:26:46,807 Consequently... 397 00:26:48,406 --> 00:26:50,818 ...the Minister of State is only responsible... 398 00:26:51,076 --> 00:26:53,852 ...for his actions to the President of the Republic. 399 00:26:54,212 --> 00:26:57,193 And he cannot be subordinated, as regards... 400 00:26:57,382 --> 00:26:59,885 ...the appropriateness of his actions... 401 00:27:00,118 --> 00:27:01,688 ...to the view of the majority in Congress. 402 00:27:02,821 --> 00:27:05,495 That political judgment is only granted... 403 00:27:05,657 --> 00:27:07,637 ...to the President of the Republic. 404 00:27:08,259 --> 00:27:10,603 In the specific case of Mr. Millas... 405 00:27:10,895 --> 00:27:14,604 ...Minister of the Economy, who is being indicted here... 406 00:27:14,833 --> 00:27:17,245 the process of indictment cannot be used to pass judgment... 407 00:27:17,402 --> 00:27:20,872 ...on the provisions policy promoted by the minister... 408 00:27:21,006 --> 00:27:23,418 ...on his price control policy... 409 00:27:23,608 --> 00:27:26,316 ...or on the way in which he is guiding... 410 00:27:26,544 --> 00:27:28,888 ...the work of production, provisioning... 411 00:27:29,147 --> 00:27:31,058 ...and general distribution of the Chilean economy. 412 00:27:31,650 --> 00:27:33,095 Therefore... 413 00:27:33,351 --> 00:27:35,331 ...not only is this indictment... 414 00:27:35,487 --> 00:27:38,058 ...invalid, ineffective and illegal... 415 00:27:38,256 --> 00:27:39,826 ...it is an indictment... 416 00:27:40,058 --> 00:27:42,629 ...which adulterates, disregards and violates... 417 00:27:42,794 --> 00:27:44,865 ...the area which the Constitution... 418 00:27:45,063 --> 00:27:46,701 ...grants to the President... 419 00:27:46,931 --> 00:27:49,172 ...as regards his essential prerogatives and authority. 420 00:27:52,070 --> 00:27:54,812 Days later, in the Chamber of Deputies... 421 00:27:54,973 --> 00:27:58,216 ...the vote is held on expelling Minister Millas. 422 00:28:22,667 --> 00:28:25,773 In a period of three months, the opposition remove... 423 00:28:25,937 --> 00:28:28,349 ...two of Allende's intendants and seven of his ministers. 424 00:28:28,540 --> 00:28:31,180 That is, one high ranking Popular Unity official... 425 00:28:31,309 --> 00:28:32,845 ...every ten days. 426 00:28:34,079 --> 00:28:37,492 And they refuse to let us use... 427 00:28:37,882 --> 00:28:40,863 ...the laws which they had in their hands... 428 00:28:41,052 --> 00:28:42,929 ...and used against the people. 429 00:28:43,888 --> 00:28:45,663 But then... 430 00:28:46,024 --> 00:28:49,665 ...when we do it to defend the legitimate government... 431 00:28:49,928 --> 00:28:52,238 ...and the progress of the workers... 432 00:28:52,530 --> 00:28:56,842 ...an attitude of resistance appears in those sectors... 433 00:28:57,335 --> 00:28:59,144 ...which have all the guarantees... 434 00:29:01,773 --> 00:29:05,585 ...of the reality being experienced by our country. 435 00:29:07,245 --> 00:29:09,384 And this is a government... 436 00:29:11,282 --> 00:29:13,125 ...which isn't socialist. 437 00:29:16,254 --> 00:29:19,133 It is a popular, democratic... 438 00:29:19,324 --> 00:29:21,668 ...national, revolutionary government... 439 00:29:22,327 --> 00:29:25,137 ...which must carry out a program... 440 00:29:25,263 --> 00:29:28,710 ...to open, as broadly and as quickly as possible... 441 00:29:28,900 --> 00:29:30,402 ...the path to socialism... 442 00:29:30,635 --> 00:29:32,581 ...and the transformation of our society. 443 00:29:32,704 --> 00:29:34,775 LEGALITY OR ILLEGALITY 444 00:29:35,140 --> 00:29:37,450 GOVERNMENT MUST RESPECT COURT DECISION 445 00:29:39,778 --> 00:29:44,022 Shortly after, the opposition begins an indictment... 446 00:29:44,182 --> 00:29:46,162 ...against all the ministers in the government. 447 00:29:47,619 --> 00:29:51,658 This means the dismissal of 15 ministers at one time. 448 00:29:54,859 --> 00:29:56,839 However, popular pressure... 449 00:29:57,061 --> 00:29:59,473 ...forces one sector of the opposition to pull back... 450 00:29:59,664 --> 00:30:01,371 ...and the maneuver fails. 451 00:30:17,916 --> 00:30:21,728 It's the right who've always been interfering... 452 00:30:21,986 --> 00:30:25,456 ...trying to get us to bring down the government. 453 00:30:25,590 --> 00:30:27,035 But that'll never happen. 454 00:30:27,258 --> 00:30:28,794 The workers elected this government... 455 00:30:29,027 --> 00:30:30,335 ...and it will continue... 456 00:30:30,562 --> 00:30:33,202 ...and we'll defend it with our lives if necessary. 457 00:30:33,398 --> 00:30:36,038 If they want us on the street, we'll be there... 458 00:30:36,234 --> 00:30:39,147 ...and if we have to fight, we'll fight, as workers... 459 00:30:39,337 --> 00:30:43,649 ...in defense of our workers' democracy. 460 00:30:49,614 --> 00:30:50,991 On April 17... 461 00:30:51,216 --> 00:30:53,287 ...the government decides to expropriate legally... 462 00:30:53,484 --> 00:30:56,260 ...another 49 industries which are boycotting production. 463 00:30:56,821 --> 00:31:00,701 In reply, Congress presents a constitutional reform... 464 00:31:00,892 --> 00:31:04,772 ...which invalidates almost all expropriations already made. 465 00:31:07,498 --> 00:31:09,876 The Christian Democracy and the National Party... 466 00:31:10,001 --> 00:31:13,676 ...say that the Head of State has no right of veto in this. 467 00:31:13,872 --> 00:31:16,318 He has to promulgate the reform... 468 00:31:16,541 --> 00:31:18,612 ...and hand back the factories without argument. 469 00:31:20,311 --> 00:31:22,917 This means that Congress, by simple majority... 470 00:31:23,114 --> 00:31:26,186 ...wants to deprive Salvador Allende of an authority... 471 00:31:26,384 --> 00:31:28,125 ...which other Chilean leaders had. 472 00:31:30,188 --> 00:31:34,500 Those men on the right are getting huge salaries... 473 00:31:34,726 --> 00:31:37,002 ...and all they're doing is wrecking the country. 474 00:31:37,228 --> 00:31:40,607 Wrecking the country and getting well paid to do it! 475 00:31:42,634 --> 00:31:45,774 And we got a big surprise... 476 00:31:46,004 --> 00:31:49,178 ...when we saw that our factory, our workplace... 477 00:31:49,340 --> 00:31:51,286 ...had been completely dismantled... 478 00:31:51,509 --> 00:31:55,116 ...because those gentlemen... 479 00:31:55,313 --> 00:31:57,816 ...had stolen all the machinery. 480 00:31:58,683 --> 00:32:01,857 We don't want to have anything to do with the bosses. 481 00:32:02,487 --> 00:32:05,764 They've been dragging their feet for a long time... 482 00:32:06,124 --> 00:32:07,967 ...to such an extent... 483 00:32:08,493 --> 00:32:10,370 ...that the companies ended up being expropriated. 484 00:32:10,628 --> 00:32:13,768 It's been proved that the industrialists here... 485 00:32:14,599 --> 00:32:17,375 ...had started an open boycott on production. 486 00:32:17,535 --> 00:32:19,572 And we're against that. 487 00:32:20,171 --> 00:32:22,913 I want this to be sorted out. 488 00:32:23,107 --> 00:32:24,848 The government should expropriate the industry... 489 00:32:25,043 --> 00:32:27,216 ...because we can't work with the bosses. 490 00:32:27,679 --> 00:32:29,181 What did they call this factory? 491 00:32:29,414 --> 00:32:31,189 They called it "the jail"... 492 00:32:31,382 --> 00:32:34,522 ...because of the feudal mentality... 493 00:32:34,719 --> 00:32:36,392 ...that our bosses had. 494 00:32:36,821 --> 00:32:39,165 And fellow workers in other industries... 495 00:32:39,424 --> 00:32:42,997 ...called it "the Santa Elena jail" because of the pressure. 496 00:32:47,532 --> 00:32:49,842 On May 23, Eduardo Frei... 497 00:32:50,034 --> 00:32:52,480 ...Christian Democrat and ex-President of Chile... 498 00:32:52,670 --> 00:32:54,616 ...is elected Head of the Senate. 499 00:32:55,173 --> 00:32:56,618 One of his main tasks... 500 00:32:56,841 --> 00:32:58,821 ...will be to aggravate the con?ict of powers. 501 00:32:59,978 --> 00:33:02,151 If Allende rejects the reform... 502 00:33:02,313 --> 00:33:03,917 ...and doesn't return the industries... 503 00:33:04,148 --> 00:33:07,254 ...he'll be accused of overstepping the constitution. 504 00:33:07,418 --> 00:33:09,489 If he accepts, Parliament will then have... 505 00:33:09,754 --> 00:33:11,859 ...effective control of the State. 506 00:33:12,390 --> 00:33:15,098 Allende considers this position to be illegal... 507 00:33:15,293 --> 00:33:17,830 ...and appeals to the Constitutional Tribunal. 508 00:33:18,563 --> 00:33:20,634 We understand... 509 00:33:21,232 --> 00:33:24,839 ...that at this moment what is fundamental... 510 00:33:26,771 --> 00:33:29,581 ...is to reinforce government policy... 511 00:33:30,041 --> 00:33:32,920 ...and conquer the instruments... 512 00:33:33,478 --> 00:33:37,517 ...ensuring that there is institutional permeability... 513 00:33:37,715 --> 00:33:39,661 ...so that the opposition understands... 514 00:33:39,884 --> 00:33:42,558 ...that they can't deny what is vital to a government... 515 00:33:43,588 --> 00:33:46,125 ...to be able to defend Chile... 516 00:33:46,290 --> 00:33:48,395 ...in the face of an economic reality... 517 00:33:48,593 --> 00:33:51,938 ...which is the result, not of errors made by us... 518 00:33:52,130 --> 00:33:54,201 ...without denying the ones we've made... 519 00:33:54,399 --> 00:33:57,505 ...but of international and national factors... 520 00:33:58,136 --> 00:33:59,774 ...which weigh heavy... 521 00:34:00,004 --> 00:34:02,245 ...especially when a government, like ours... 522 00:34:02,473 --> 00:34:04,578 ...is confronted with imperialism... 523 00:34:04,809 --> 00:34:08,222 ...and with a landowning, banking and feudal oligarchy. 524 00:34:14,052 --> 00:34:17,556 Those deputies who reject the proposal, raise their hands. 525 00:34:33,237 --> 00:34:35,547 Parliament will now seek... 526 00:34:35,807 --> 00:34:38,117 ...a definitive blockade of the government. 527 00:34:38,309 --> 00:34:40,482 In the months of April, May and June... 528 00:34:40,678 --> 00:34:42,453 ...Congress declares a boycott... 529 00:34:42,680 --> 00:34:44,819 ...on any initiative by Popular Unity. 530 00:34:45,917 --> 00:34:47,954 Result of the voting. 531 00:34:49,687 --> 00:34:52,759 In favor, 52 votes. 532 00:34:53,091 --> 00:34:55,503 Against, 81. 533 00:34:55,760 --> 00:34:58,502 The Executive's proposal is rejected. 534 00:35:01,732 --> 00:35:05,270 The law to punish economic crimes is rejected. 535 00:35:06,037 --> 00:35:09,678 The law to create a Ministry for the Family is rejected. 536 00:35:10,641 --> 00:35:13,645 The law on readjustments and salaries for workers... 537 00:35:13,845 --> 00:35:16,951 ...is deferred, and then got out of the way. 538 00:35:17,849 --> 00:35:21,319 The law on workers' participation in factories... 539 00:35:21,486 --> 00:35:23,090 ...is rejected. 540 00:35:23,354 --> 00:35:26,961 The law to create a Maritime Ministry is rejected. 541 00:35:27,758 --> 00:35:31,729 The law to set up self- managing firms is rejected. 542 00:35:32,997 --> 00:35:34,533 In the course of several months... 543 00:35:34,765 --> 00:35:38,474 ...another 20 projected laws lose their financing. 544 00:35:40,138 --> 00:35:42,118 Nationalism! 545 00:35:42,340 --> 00:35:43,876 Present! 546 00:35:44,108 --> 00:35:45,644 Nationalism! 547 00:35:45,910 --> 00:35:47,355 Forward! 548 00:35:47,478 --> 00:35:50,925 - National Front! - Homeland and Freedom! 549 00:35:57,288 --> 00:35:59,564 This is a shock squadron... 550 00:35:59,790 --> 00:36:01,827 ...from the fascist group, "Homeland and Freedom". 551 00:36:08,766 --> 00:36:10,507 - Chile! - One! 552 00:36:10,668 --> 00:36:12,375 - Chile! - Great! 553 00:36:12,570 --> 00:36:14,516 - Chile! - Free! 554 00:36:14,739 --> 00:36:16,741 Forward Chile! 555 00:36:20,077 --> 00:36:24,184 - National Front! - Homeland and Freedom! 556 00:36:39,263 --> 00:36:41,869 Institutional con?ict alone... 557 00:36:42,066 --> 00:36:45,013 ...is not enough to justify a coup d�tat. 558 00:36:45,469 --> 00:36:47,847 It is also necessary to provoke violence... 559 00:36:48,039 --> 00:36:49,313 ...and social chaos. 560 00:36:49,540 --> 00:36:52,419 That is the main aim of this organization. 561 00:36:53,377 --> 00:36:56,153 "Homeland and Freedom" constitutes a tiny part... 562 00:36:56,314 --> 00:36:58,419 ...of the right-wing mass movement... 563 00:36:58,583 --> 00:37:02,531 ...but its fascist ideology is found in some opposition parties... 564 00:37:02,753 --> 00:37:04,357 ...and the armed forces. 565 00:37:33,918 --> 00:37:37,297 Its leaders and ideologists include former employees... 566 00:37:37,488 --> 00:37:40,401 ...of the U.S. information services in Chile. 567 00:37:41,492 --> 00:37:45,167 Its patrons are the big employers' associations... 568 00:37:45,463 --> 00:37:48,034 ...the National Agriculture Society and Manufacturing Development. 569 00:37:50,101 --> 00:37:51,603 But their biggest helper... 570 00:37:51,836 --> 00:37:53,975 ...is the North American State Department. 571 00:37:56,107 --> 00:38:00,783 In 1974, some ex-officials of that Department... 572 00:38:00,978 --> 00:38:02,753 ...reveal that at that time... 573 00:38:02,913 --> 00:38:06,258 ...the CIA had 40 first-class agents in Chile... 574 00:38:06,484 --> 00:38:09,488 ...many of them instructors for "Homeland and Freedom". 575 00:38:22,500 --> 00:38:27,745 STUDENT DISTURBANCES 576 00:38:42,553 --> 00:38:45,591 In April, the opposition find a pretext... 577 00:38:45,790 --> 00:38:47,701 ...for continuing the social agitation. 578 00:38:48,392 --> 00:38:51,839 The Government has presented a bill on Education Reform... 579 00:38:52,029 --> 00:38:54,134 ...to democratize the old educational structure. 580 00:38:54,332 --> 00:38:55,868 Feeling itself threatened... 581 00:38:56,100 --> 00:38:58,239 ...the opposition mobilizes its troublemakers. 582 00:39:39,176 --> 00:39:42,749 For the first time in Chile, a large number of students... 583 00:39:42,947 --> 00:39:45,951 ...let themselves be used by the more privileged classes. 584 00:39:48,486 --> 00:39:51,330 The opposition parties, professionals... 585 00:39:51,522 --> 00:39:53,331 ...and retailers' associations... 586 00:39:53,491 --> 00:39:55,801 ...support the street disturbances. 587 00:40:07,938 --> 00:40:10,316 We won't be on the defensive anymore. 588 00:40:10,541 --> 00:40:12,316 We won't be the puppets... 589 00:40:12,543 --> 00:40:14,284 ...of reaction anymore. 590 00:40:14,512 --> 00:40:16,549 Because from here on, comrades... 591 00:40:16,781 --> 00:40:19,193 ...we have to make the questions into reality. 592 00:40:19,417 --> 00:40:22,489 And we have to tackle con?ictive problems. 593 00:40:22,787 --> 00:40:25,825 And we have to attack whoever gets in our way. 594 00:40:26,557 --> 00:40:28,628 And we're not going on the streets... 595 00:40:28,826 --> 00:40:30,863 ...to fight with right-wing Kids. 596 00:40:31,729 --> 00:40:33,572 The police and the soldiers can see to them... 597 00:40:33,798 --> 00:40:36,244 ...and put them out of action. 598 00:40:36,700 --> 00:40:39,237 We have to see how to confront the State. 599 00:40:40,504 --> 00:40:43,610 It's a bourgeois State which we have to overthrow. 600 00:40:44,041 --> 00:40:47,284 Yesterday we saw various groups... 601 00:40:47,478 --> 00:40:49,116 ...making demands for different things... 602 00:40:49,346 --> 00:40:50,984 ...and using... 603 00:40:51,182 --> 00:40:54,186 ...class comrades, the Chilean reaction... 604 00:40:54,385 --> 00:40:57,594 ...in what were really subversive situations. 605 00:40:57,788 --> 00:40:59,995 In other words, what comrades think... 606 00:41:00,224 --> 00:41:02,397 ...about the distribution situation... 607 00:41:02,626 --> 00:41:04,537 ...about the law on agrarian reform... 608 00:41:05,196 --> 00:41:08,302 ...about the nationalization of monopolies. 609 00:41:08,899 --> 00:41:11,209 Those are fundamental questions... 610 00:41:11,402 --> 00:41:13,439 ...which we, as workers, should consider... 611 00:41:13,671 --> 00:41:16,914 ...and which we wish to resolve with a plebiscite... 612 00:41:17,074 --> 00:41:19,748 ...and not be dragged along by the reactionaries... 613 00:41:19,944 --> 00:41:22,015 ...with effective mobilization of the workers. 614 00:41:22,213 --> 00:41:25,956 We can't accept this escalation day after day. 615 00:41:26,116 --> 00:41:28,596 We've been observing this situation... 616 00:41:28,919 --> 00:41:31,092 ...and we said in October... 617 00:41:31,388 --> 00:41:33,265 ...that they were going to prepare another one. 618 00:41:33,491 --> 00:41:36,335 They're repeating themselves, they don't even have... 619 00:41:36,627 --> 00:41:40,404 ...the initiative to change what they did in October. 620 00:41:40,598 --> 00:41:43,101 And we, the workers, must go out now... 621 00:41:43,300 --> 00:41:45,644 ...and stop these people for once and for all... 622 00:41:45,870 --> 00:41:49,215 ...and demand a plebiscite on fundamental issues. 623 00:41:49,406 --> 00:41:53,752 How are we going to resolve the transport problem? 624 00:41:53,944 --> 00:41:56,652 Every time they have to attack the government... 625 00:41:56,847 --> 00:41:59,487 ...they bring transport to a standstill, don't they? 626 00:41:59,650 --> 00:42:01,857 Because they control the drivers. 627 00:42:02,086 --> 00:42:04,362 Most of the drivers have no class awareness. 628 00:42:04,622 --> 00:42:06,431 They aren't in any union. 629 00:42:06,657 --> 00:42:09,331 All they worry about is their percentage... 630 00:42:09,527 --> 00:42:10,767 ...how much they'll earn. 631 00:42:10,961 --> 00:42:12,599 They don't go to union meetings. 632 00:42:12,897 --> 00:42:16,868 So there aren't many unions doing well in transport. 633 00:42:17,067 --> 00:42:19,308 Even the ones doing well are doing badly. 634 00:42:20,538 --> 00:42:22,211 Given the threat... 635 00:42:22,473 --> 00:42:24,817 ...of a national commercial stoppage next week... 636 00:42:25,042 --> 00:42:27,352 ...there should be immediate nationalization... 637 00:42:27,545 --> 00:42:29,388 ...of distribution monopolies. 638 00:42:30,781 --> 00:42:34,194 Given the threat of a boycott on production and economy... 639 00:42:34,618 --> 00:42:38,862 ...the government must issue an expropriation order... 640 00:42:39,089 --> 00:42:42,366 ...against those companies which form part of the group of 90... 641 00:42:42,560 --> 00:42:44,767 ...still not in the hands of the workers. 642 00:42:45,029 --> 00:42:47,839 The working class should be integrated immediately... 643 00:42:48,098 --> 00:42:49,907 ...into the planning of the economy. 644 00:42:50,501 --> 00:42:53,448 There is no doubt that at this moment... 645 00:42:54,104 --> 00:42:56,277 ...the resolutions must... 646 00:42:56,674 --> 00:43:00,019 ...deal with the problems in the transport section. 647 00:43:02,079 --> 00:43:06,824 We, the workers in the Public Works Department... 648 00:43:07,685 --> 00:43:11,758 ...have, at this moment, got everyone ready to march... 649 00:43:11,956 --> 00:43:13,833 ...and parade past Congress. 650 00:43:14,024 --> 00:43:15,526 Any objections to that? 651 00:43:15,759 --> 00:43:18,865 - To Parliament! - To Parliament! 652 00:43:19,363 --> 00:43:22,674 We ask our comrades in the Public Works Department... 653 00:43:22,866 --> 00:43:26,313 ...if they can obtain means of transport, trucks, vans... 654 00:43:26,470 --> 00:43:29,314 ...in order to transport groups of workers... 655 00:43:29,506 --> 00:43:31,315 ...who will be leaving the factories. 656 00:43:31,375 --> 00:43:33,377 There are trucks and buses, comrade. 657 00:44:08,445 --> 00:44:12,860 The left, united, will never be defeated! 658 00:44:18,789 --> 00:44:21,861 On April 27, the Trades Union Council... 659 00:44:22,026 --> 00:44:24,734 ...calls a mass meeting in support of the government. 660 00:44:25,729 --> 00:44:28,005 They try, by means of the workers' presence... 661 00:44:28,165 --> 00:44:30,145 ...to prevent the streets of Santiago... 662 00:44:30,367 --> 00:44:32,540 ...from being taken by opposition agitators. 663 00:44:37,141 --> 00:44:42,750 Power to the workers! 664 00:44:58,796 --> 00:45:05,236 We want popular power! 665 00:45:08,205 --> 00:45:15,919 The left, united, will never be defeated! 666 00:45:20,084 --> 00:45:26,831 People! Consciousness! Arms! 667 00:45:27,024 --> 00:45:32,064 We want popular power! 668 00:45:46,944 --> 00:45:49,720 Demonstrators passing the offices... 669 00:45:49,947 --> 00:45:51,790 ...of the Christian Democrat Party... 670 00:45:51,982 --> 00:45:53,393 ...are suddenly attacked. 671 00:45:53,617 --> 00:45:56,621 Shots fired from the windows Kill one worker... 672 00:45:56,820 --> 00:45:58,857 ...and seriously injure another six. 673 00:46:21,411 --> 00:46:25,188 The people who provoked us are responsible for this. 674 00:46:25,382 --> 00:46:29,762 - And the dead and wounded? - Who are they? Where are they? 675 00:46:30,020 --> 00:46:33,092 One person was shot dead and six wounded. We saw it all. 676 00:46:33,290 --> 00:46:37,067 Are we supposed to let people come and walk over us? 677 00:46:38,195 --> 00:46:40,072 Who protected us? 678 00:46:40,430 --> 00:46:42,910 You're justifying that death. 679 00:46:43,167 --> 00:46:45,704 And you're speaking in the Christian Democrat offices! 680 00:46:45,936 --> 00:46:50,351 You can't push me around in the Christian Democrat offices! 681 00:46:50,741 --> 00:46:54,018 Senator, why did you hit a journalist? 682 00:46:57,714 --> 00:46:59,990 Fascists! 683 00:47:02,986 --> 00:47:05,296 Where did they fire from? At what time? 684 00:47:05,622 --> 00:47:07,966 That isn't clear. It's being investigated. 685 00:47:08,492 --> 00:47:09,766 Anyway... 686 00:47:09,993 --> 00:47:12,872 ...it's the magistrate who's in charge here. 687 00:47:14,298 --> 00:47:15,936 In this case... 688 00:47:16,300 --> 00:47:18,644 ...the police and everything to do with public order... 689 00:47:18,836 --> 00:47:21,578 ...is subject to the magistrate and the court. 690 00:47:22,172 --> 00:47:25,381 That's what the code on penal procedure says. 691 00:47:25,676 --> 00:47:27,553 The influence of the violent groups... 692 00:47:27,744 --> 00:47:30,418 ...is obvious in the Christian Democrat Party. 693 00:47:30,714 --> 00:47:34,161 Senator Juan Hamilton, from the party's conservative wing... 694 00:47:34,351 --> 00:47:36,194 ...refuses to make a statement. 695 00:48:07,951 --> 00:48:11,262 - A moment's silence, comrades! - Everyone keep calm! 696 00:48:36,413 --> 00:48:39,622 Everyone move back a bit, please, move back! 697 00:48:41,218 --> 00:48:43,220 We're all right here! 698 00:48:45,289 --> 00:48:48,930 - Comrade Jos� Ricardo Ahumada! - Present! 699 00:48:49,126 --> 00:48:52,630 - Comrade Jos� Ricardo Ahumada! - Present! 700 00:48:56,166 --> 00:48:58,669 - With your example... - We shall overcome! 701 00:49:11,448 --> 00:49:14,486 Please, comrades, don't push! Don't push! 702 00:49:40,544 --> 00:49:47,962 Popular Unity against the criminal "mummies"! 703 00:49:52,389 --> 00:49:55,836 Comrade Jos� Ricardo Ahumada! 704 00:49:56,026 --> 00:49:57,869 Present! 705 00:50:04,868 --> 00:50:07,576 - Who killed him? - The "mummies". 706 00:50:49,012 --> 00:50:51,822 300,000 people turn up on April 30... 707 00:50:52,015 --> 00:50:54,052 ...to say farewell to the dead worker. 708 00:50:56,119 --> 00:50:58,827 Reckoning that conditions still aren't right... 709 00:50:58,989 --> 00:51:02,527 ...the opposition ends this period of street disorder. 710 00:51:11,301 --> 00:51:13,372 The attempts to punish those responsible... 711 00:51:13,603 --> 00:51:16,015 ...for Ahumada's death are unsuccessful. 712 00:51:16,807 --> 00:51:19,287 Justice acts with obvious slowness. 713 00:51:20,010 --> 00:51:21,216 The Supreme Court... 714 00:51:21,478 --> 00:51:24,254 ...ensures that the sentence is never enforced. 715 00:51:32,656 --> 00:51:39,733 OFFENSIVE BY THE EMPLOYERS' ORGANIZATIONS 716 00:52:04,588 --> 00:52:08,468 Once again, our organization is gathered together... 717 00:52:08,692 --> 00:52:10,569 ...summoned by the national leaders... 718 00:52:10,760 --> 00:52:13,434 ...to study price increases... 719 00:52:13,730 --> 00:52:15,607 ...and establish our new tariffs. 720 00:52:15,799 --> 00:52:18,575 Our first speaker... 721 00:52:18,768 --> 00:52:21,146 ...is the president of Chile's National Confederation... 722 00:52:21,338 --> 00:52:24,808 ...of Taxis and Buses, Ernesto Cisterna Sol�s. 723 00:52:27,911 --> 00:52:34,192 - An eye for an eye! - A tooth for a tooth! 724 00:52:36,620 --> 00:52:40,363 I think that this assembly should say to the minister... 725 00:52:40,557 --> 00:52:43,595 ...that we are tired of seeing such ineffectiveness... 726 00:52:43,793 --> 00:52:46,069 ...and such inability in solving our problems. 727 00:52:52,569 --> 00:52:54,742 During the three years of Popular Unity... 728 00:52:54,938 --> 00:52:57,919 ...the American Institute for Free Trade Unionism... 729 00:52:58,141 --> 00:53:00,178 ...financed indirectly by the CIA... 730 00:53:00,477 --> 00:53:03,083 ...directs its work towards the Chilean organizations. 731 00:53:04,881 --> 00:53:07,452 In April, 108 managers... 732 00:53:07,651 --> 00:53:09,392 ...mainly from the transport sector... 733 00:53:09,586 --> 00:53:12,032 ...receive training in the United States. 734 00:53:13,557 --> 00:53:17,334 We mustn't confuse awareness with patience. 735 00:53:17,627 --> 00:53:19,402 We don't want politics... 736 00:53:19,629 --> 00:53:21,768 ...with the tariffs or with the organization... 737 00:53:21,998 --> 00:53:23,944 ...but we need to survive. 738 00:53:24,134 --> 00:53:26,774 We have to defend our interests... 739 00:53:26,970 --> 00:53:29,576 ...and to do that we must fight as one man... 740 00:53:29,773 --> 00:53:32,253 ...with our National Board of Owners... 741 00:53:32,475 --> 00:53:35,115 ...and go out on the street... 742 00:53:35,645 --> 00:53:37,886 ...in such away that they see us... 743 00:53:38,048 --> 00:53:40,756 ...and feel the strength of our organization... 744 00:53:40,984 --> 00:53:43,487 ...with bravery, with fervor... 745 00:53:43,720 --> 00:53:45,495 ...but above all else... 746 00:53:45,722 --> 00:53:48,100 ...as Chileans, and with dignity. 747 00:53:51,261 --> 00:53:54,640 We can't keep on patching and mending... 748 00:53:54,831 --> 00:53:56,071 ...and wearing ourselves out. 749 00:53:56,266 --> 00:53:57,973 The vehicles have got old... 750 00:53:58,201 --> 00:54:00,477 ...and the bent backs of many of the owners... 751 00:54:00,537 --> 00:54:02,574 ...have grown old too! 752 00:54:02,739 --> 00:54:04,912 Generations of them! 753 00:54:06,710 --> 00:54:09,156 It's a matter of putting food on the table... 754 00:54:09,379 --> 00:54:12,519 ...of surviving, of holding out... 755 00:54:12,716 --> 00:54:14,718 ...of being able to save this sector... 756 00:54:14,951 --> 00:54:16,828 ...because with that we are saving... 757 00:54:17,020 --> 00:54:19,000 ...the jobs of millions of people... 758 00:54:19,189 --> 00:54:20,964 ...who have faith and confidence... 759 00:54:21,191 --> 00:54:22,864 ...in this working man... 760 00:54:23,093 --> 00:54:25,004 ...in this ill-treated transporter. 761 00:54:25,195 --> 00:54:27,038 He's the person who's building Chile! 762 00:54:27,097 --> 00:54:30,943 He's the revolutionary! 763 00:54:35,839 --> 00:54:39,286 Who can deny that the moment has come... 764 00:54:39,509 --> 00:54:41,182 ...for the entire Chilean transport sector... 765 00:54:41,411 --> 00:54:42,788 ...without distinction... 766 00:54:43,013 --> 00:54:45,152 ...fighting on a single platform... 767 00:54:45,382 --> 00:54:47,328 ...to propose this national stoppage! 768 00:54:56,259 --> 00:54:59,536 In May, one third of collective transport... 769 00:54:59,729 --> 00:55:02,107 ...is immobilized by a lack of spare parts... 770 00:55:02,299 --> 00:55:03,778 ...from North America. 771 00:55:04,267 --> 00:55:07,544 In 1973, importations from the United States... 772 00:55:07,737 --> 00:55:09,808 ...drop to 15% of the total. 773 00:55:11,207 --> 00:55:13,244 To protest against this state of affairs... 774 00:55:13,410 --> 00:55:14,946 ...but also to aggravate it... 775 00:55:15,178 --> 00:55:18,682 ...the owners of private buses call an indefinite strike. 776 00:55:21,251 --> 00:55:24,323 During the con?ict, the state company, with only 600 vehicles... 777 00:55:24,587 --> 00:55:28,535 ...has to do the work normally done by Santiago's 5,000 private buses. 778 00:55:30,760 --> 00:55:33,104 To help ease the effects of the strike... 779 00:55:33,296 --> 00:55:37,369 ...workers bring factory trucks onto the streets. 780 00:55:40,370 --> 00:55:41,974 What do you think of the strike? 781 00:55:42,605 --> 00:55:46,314 We all have to fight so that... 782 00:55:47,143 --> 00:55:51,717 ...the government can have confidence thanks to the workers. 783 00:55:51,915 --> 00:55:53,360 We must fight the strike. 784 00:55:53,516 --> 00:55:56,656 - How do we do that? - By staying united. 785 00:55:56,986 --> 00:56:00,661 - How far did you walk? - About 70 blocks, with my two Kids. 786 00:56:00,857 --> 00:56:03,770 - What do you say? - I think that this is the moment... 787 00:56:04,694 --> 00:56:07,368 ...when the people have to demonstrate... 788 00:56:07,597 --> 00:56:12,410 ...the capacity for struggle which they have developed... 789 00:56:12,602 --> 00:56:14,843 ...in the course of this whole process. 790 00:56:15,338 --> 00:56:17,340 And it doesn't matter... 791 00:56:17,640 --> 00:56:19,278 ...what kind of sacrifice we have to make... 792 00:56:19,476 --> 00:56:22,082 ...as long as we can keep working and producing. 793 00:56:24,514 --> 00:56:26,357 Anyone else want to speak? 794 00:56:26,483 --> 00:56:28,827 The "mummies" are waging this campaign against us. 795 00:56:28,985 --> 00:56:31,397 We're living on very poor wages... 796 00:56:31,588 --> 00:56:34,364 ...but the workers must have faith in this... 797 00:56:34,624 --> 00:56:36,035 ...and be aware. 798 00:56:36,226 --> 00:56:37,398 What do you say? 799 00:56:37,627 --> 00:56:40,403 I'm a student... 800 00:56:40,530 --> 00:56:42,703 ...and I think they're trying to paralyze the country... 801 00:56:42,799 --> 00:56:44,278 ...by any means they can. 802 00:56:48,738 --> 00:56:51,810 In case of a possible total transport stoppage... 803 00:56:51,975 --> 00:56:54,285 ...the left-wing carriers join together... 804 00:56:54,511 --> 00:56:57,583 ...and create the Patriotic Recovery Movement. 805 00:57:01,217 --> 00:57:03,128 Because of their support of President Allende... 806 00:57:03,319 --> 00:57:07,199 ...they are attacked for being blacklegs. 807 00:57:26,409 --> 00:57:30,516 I will respond to the loyalty of the people... 808 00:57:30,713 --> 00:57:34,058 ...with the loyalty of a militant socialist... 809 00:57:34,284 --> 00:57:36,127 ...and as president of Chile... 810 00:57:36,352 --> 00:57:38,298 ...I will resolutely carry through... 811 00:57:38,521 --> 00:57:40,592 ...the program of Popular Unity. 812 00:57:49,065 --> 00:57:54,139 We need better and greater control... 813 00:57:54,404 --> 00:57:56,782 ...in the distribution of produce. 814 00:57:58,308 --> 00:58:00,219 Listen carefully. 815 00:58:01,311 --> 00:58:04,121 This is for those who believe... 816 00:58:06,249 --> 00:58:08,991 ...that I hesitate at times. 817 00:58:09,486 --> 00:58:12,092 We must strengthen... 818 00:58:12,622 --> 00:58:15,102 ...popular power... 819 00:58:15,458 --> 00:58:18,996 ...centers for mothers, neighborhood groups... 820 00:58:19,229 --> 00:58:22,073 ...the Councils for Provisions and Prices... 821 00:58:22,298 --> 00:58:24,608 ...the community commandos. 822 00:58:24,834 --> 00:58:26,575 They must be strengthened! 823 00:58:26,769 --> 00:58:29,648 The industrial belts must be strengthened... 824 00:58:29,873 --> 00:58:32,717 ...not as parallel forces to the government... 825 00:58:32,909 --> 00:58:34,889 ...but as popular forces... 826 00:58:35,111 --> 00:58:37,284 ...united with the forces of your government... 827 00:58:37,413 --> 00:58:39,222 ...the popular government. 828 00:58:57,100 --> 00:59:00,047 On May 28, retired officers of the high command... 829 00:59:00,236 --> 00:59:02,739 ...send a public letter to President Allende... 830 00:59:02,939 --> 00:59:04,714 ...stating that the armed forces... 831 00:59:04,908 --> 00:59:06,649 ...will consider themselves autonomous... 832 00:59:06,843 --> 00:59:09,449 ...should the government violate the constitution. 833 00:59:16,586 --> 00:59:19,089 Shortly before, the high command had spoken out... 834 00:59:19,289 --> 00:59:21,860 ...against the proposed educational reforms. 835 00:59:23,960 --> 00:59:27,533 On that occasion, Rear Admiral Ismael Huerta declared... 836 00:59:28,298 --> 00:59:30,938 ..."We cannot accept that future soldiers... 837 00:59:31,134 --> 00:59:33,740 ...arrive at the barracks converted into Marxists." 838 00:59:37,273 --> 00:59:40,550 Since 1950, more than 4,000 officers... 839 00:59:40,710 --> 00:59:43,122 ...have been on training courses in the U.S... 840 00:59:43,313 --> 00:59:45,224 ...and in the Panama Canal area. 841 00:59:48,318 --> 00:59:51,060 Over the two and a half years of Allende's government... 842 00:59:51,287 --> 00:59:53,062 ...the Pentagon has given them... 843 00:59:53,122 --> 00:59:54,999 ...45 million dollars in military aid. 844 00:59:55,191 --> 00:59:56,932 That is, more than a third... 845 00:59:57,160 --> 01:00:00,073 ...of all the aid received in the last 20 years. 846 01:00:09,539 --> 01:00:17,048 COPPER STRIKE 847 01:00:44,040 --> 01:00:45,212 For the first time... 848 01:00:45,408 --> 01:00:48,389 ...the opposition wins over a sector of the proletariat. 849 01:00:48,845 --> 01:00:50,290 In the "El Teniente" mine... 850 01:00:50,346 --> 01:00:54,294 ...a group of workers go on strike for economic reasons. 851 01:00:55,385 --> 01:00:57,228 Traditionally well paid... 852 01:00:57,453 --> 01:01:00,559 ...the copper miners are the aristocracy of Chile's workers. 853 01:01:01,824 --> 01:01:03,303 For the opposition... 854 01:01:03,493 --> 01:01:06,099 ...the aim of the con?ict is to paralyze the mine. 855 01:01:06,462 --> 01:01:09,739 20% of Chile's earnings are produced here. 856 01:01:11,467 --> 01:01:15,609 Fellow workers, as well as Channel 13 television... 857 01:01:15,905 --> 01:01:18,715 ...we have French Television with us. 858 01:01:25,915 --> 01:01:28,987 Comrades, hold up your employment cards. 859 01:01:29,786 --> 01:01:32,699 Let's show them that we're all workers here. 860 01:01:36,726 --> 01:01:40,264 "El Teniente", united, will never be defeated! 861 01:01:40,730 --> 01:01:42,869 First, let's solve the problems... 862 01:01:43,099 --> 01:01:44,578 ...of the " El Teniente" workers... 863 01:01:44,767 --> 01:01:47,247 ...and then, if there's money left... 864 01:01:47,403 --> 01:01:51,078 ...we can solve the other problems in the the country. 865 01:01:51,207 --> 01:01:53,778 But the people we represent come first... 866 01:01:54,010 --> 01:01:55,421 ...then the rest of the country. 867 01:01:55,611 --> 01:01:57,488 That's all, thank you. 868 01:02:03,319 --> 01:02:08,428 We want a solution! 869 01:02:10,827 --> 01:02:15,242 We requested permission from the union leaders... 870 01:02:15,631 --> 01:02:17,372 ...to use this stage. 871 01:02:17,834 --> 01:02:20,110 As workers for Popular Unity... 872 01:02:21,304 --> 01:02:23,181 ...we disagree... 873 01:02:23,940 --> 01:02:26,181 ...with the methods you're using. 874 01:02:28,544 --> 01:02:32,014 We have said at all times... 875 01:02:33,249 --> 01:02:36,594 ...that above all other things... 876 01:02:37,386 --> 01:02:40,026 ...the most important is workers' unity. 877 01:02:41,357 --> 01:02:43,394 We defend it here... 878 01:02:43,593 --> 01:02:46,369 ...and within the party alliance of Popular Unity. 879 01:02:56,205 --> 01:02:58,651 You will be wondering why we're here. 880 01:03:01,244 --> 01:03:03,588 We support a return to work. .. 881 01:03:04,113 --> 01:03:06,184 ...but not in factions. 882 01:03:11,354 --> 01:03:13,129 Comrades... 883 01:03:13,890 --> 01:03:16,336 We support a return to work... 884 01:03:22,532 --> 01:03:23,977 Comrades... 885 01:03:25,034 --> 01:03:26,809 Comrades... 886 01:03:46,556 --> 01:03:48,433 We can't accept... 887 01:03:49,392 --> 01:03:52,396 ...that you continue to use the policy of division. 888 01:03:59,936 --> 01:04:03,782 No politics here! 889 01:04:03,973 --> 01:04:09,821 No politics here! 890 01:04:13,282 --> 01:04:14,920 Strike! 891 01:04:15,151 --> 01:04:17,563 Strike! 892 01:04:31,901 --> 01:04:34,006 That same day, and at the same time... 893 01:04:34,237 --> 01:04:36,274 ...more than half of the 8,000 miners... 894 01:04:36,472 --> 01:04:38,247 ...continue working. 895 01:04:39,041 --> 01:04:41,487 Most of them work overtime... 896 01:04:41,644 --> 01:04:44,818 ...to ensure that the basic work in the mine is done. 897 01:04:58,628 --> 01:05:03,577 Caletones has a staff of almost 2,000 workers... 898 01:05:03,699 --> 01:05:05,235 ...between office staff and laborers. 899 01:05:05,434 --> 01:05:10,076 And today, we've got 750 workers working. 900 01:05:11,207 --> 01:05:14,211 So the industrial part is almost normal. 901 01:05:15,311 --> 01:05:19,384 And that means that tomorrow, or Monday... 902 01:05:19,615 --> 01:05:21,720 ...there will be total normality. 903 01:05:22,485 --> 01:05:25,056 What should be pointed out here... 904 01:05:25,254 --> 01:05:28,633 ...is that there is a sector which is fighting against a wall. 905 01:05:28,858 --> 01:05:32,635 Their thesis is completely out of all jurisdiction. 906 01:05:32,962 --> 01:05:35,033 Even history shows that the workers here... 907 01:05:35,765 --> 01:05:38,268 ...fought tirelessly against the Yankee... 908 01:05:38,534 --> 01:05:42,505 ...until we took the industry from him, nationalized it... 909 01:05:42,705 --> 01:05:44,013 ...and now it's Chile's. 910 01:05:44,340 --> 01:05:47,287 It belongs to the Chileans, not to any individual. 911 01:05:47,510 --> 01:05:49,820 But it's our responsibility to run it. 912 01:05:50,379 --> 01:05:54,293 The workers are assuming an almost total awareness. 913 01:05:54,917 --> 01:05:58,888 It is only those in opposition who insist on believing... 914 01:05:59,956 --> 01:06:01,799 ...that there are left-wing bosses here. 915 01:06:01,991 --> 01:06:04,631 No, there aren't. 916 01:06:04,961 --> 01:06:06,998 The Christian Democracy... 917 01:06:07,263 --> 01:06:08,970 ...has got trade union representation here... 918 01:06:09,198 --> 01:06:11,678 ...and a representative on the Board of Directors. 919 01:06:12,234 --> 01:06:15,841 So we're asking the left-wing media, especially Channel 7... 920 01:06:16,072 --> 01:06:17,779 ...who have given very little importance... 921 01:06:17,974 --> 01:06:20,784 ...to those still working... 922 01:06:20,977 --> 01:06:23,014 ...to come and see for themselves... 923 01:06:23,212 --> 01:06:25,123 ...so that they'll stop lying. 924 01:06:25,381 --> 01:06:28,828 You've started very well, for a simple reason. 925 01:06:29,051 --> 01:06:32,828 You've all come here to film, and that's important. 926 01:06:33,122 --> 01:06:36,797 But the press, Channel 13, "El Mercurio"... 927 01:06:36,959 --> 01:06:39,667 ...all those papers, are just looking at Rancagua city. 928 01:06:39,862 --> 01:06:43,207 They think that's "El Teniente", and that's bad. 929 01:06:43,899 --> 01:06:47,904 Those of us who are working at present... 930 01:06:48,104 --> 01:06:49,981 ...need this situation to be sorted out... 931 01:06:50,172 --> 01:06:52,015 ...not for the personal benefit of the workers... 932 01:06:52,241 --> 01:06:54,687 ...but for the benefit of all Chileans. 933 01:06:55,077 --> 01:06:57,717 You can take any worker here and ask him. 934 01:06:57,947 --> 01:06:59,324 Ask any of them. 935 01:06:59,582 --> 01:07:03,394 Do you think you're dividing the "El Teniente" workers? 936 01:07:03,619 --> 01:07:05,963 No, none of us want to divide them. 937 01:07:06,322 --> 01:07:08,233 It's the enemy who's dividing us. 938 01:07:09,025 --> 01:07:11,005 - The enemy? - The right. 939 01:07:11,260 --> 01:07:13,570 They want us to fight among ourselves. 940 01:07:13,829 --> 01:07:15,604 The other day, the strike leader said... 941 01:07:15,898 --> 01:07:19,402 ...that if blood had to ?ow, blood would ?ow. 942 01:07:19,635 --> 01:07:21,774 They want confrontation. 943 01:07:22,038 --> 01:07:26,418 We have never, at any moment, wanted to divide the workers. 944 01:07:27,209 --> 01:07:30,452 The fact of the matter is, I'm 43 now... 945 01:07:30,846 --> 01:07:34,851 ...and I've spent a long time, 27 years, in the mines. 946 01:07:35,051 --> 01:07:38,055 I've seen all the governments we had before... 947 01:07:38,287 --> 01:07:40,665 ...and they all acted very harshly... 948 01:07:40,890 --> 01:07:42,426 ...with the working classes. 949 01:07:42,658 --> 01:07:45,901 As that comrade said, I think this government has been soft. 950 01:07:46,095 --> 01:07:48,507 It's soft because it's a workers' government. 951 01:07:48,764 --> 01:07:51,335 But if we'd had a government of another tendency... 952 01:07:51,567 --> 01:07:55,344 ...at this moment a few of us would be dead... 953 01:07:55,838 --> 01:07:59,650 ...and there wouldn't be many left-wing comrades here. 954 01:07:59,708 --> 01:08:01,210 They'd all be right-wing. 955 01:08:02,812 --> 01:08:05,952 We received threats, they blocked the roads... 956 01:08:06,215 --> 01:08:07,717 ...we couldn't get down the other day... 957 01:08:07,950 --> 01:08:09,952 ...but we turned up for work. 958 01:08:11,687 --> 01:08:14,531 We came down on foot, went cross-country... 959 01:08:14,890 --> 01:08:16,995 ...but at least we managed to keep working. 960 01:08:17,860 --> 01:08:20,636 There were even comrades who worked three shifts... 961 01:08:20,830 --> 01:08:23,777 ...because you have to keep the mine going. 962 01:08:24,567 --> 01:08:28,709 We had agreed to keep on working... 963 01:08:28,971 --> 01:08:31,508 ...because there are certain machines... 964 01:08:31,740 --> 01:08:33,583 ...which can't be allowed to stop. 965 01:08:33,776 --> 01:08:35,483 This job's got a lot of responsibility. 966 01:08:35,678 --> 01:08:37,385 We've got a lot of comrades... 967 01:08:37,847 --> 01:08:39,952 ...who still don't know why they're stopped. 968 01:08:40,349 --> 01:08:41,953 They don't know. That's a fact. 969 01:08:42,184 --> 01:08:43,720 They're fighting with the police... 970 01:08:43,953 --> 01:08:47,264 ...because some guy sets himself up as leader... 971 01:08:47,490 --> 01:08:49,492 ...and he puts on a show for them... 972 01:08:49,692 --> 01:08:52,104 ...and they follow him like he was Christ. 973 01:08:52,428 --> 01:08:56,467 I think we have to make our fellow workers more aware... 974 01:08:56,799 --> 01:09:00,042 ...and that's what our leaders have to start doing now. 975 01:09:00,469 --> 01:09:02,574 That's the reason behind everything. 976 01:09:02,838 --> 01:09:04,681 How can you prepare people? 977 01:09:05,040 --> 01:09:08,544 Well, just by doing what we're doing now... 978 01:09:08,611 --> 01:09:10,022 ...acting as we are in this stoppage. 979 01:09:10,079 --> 01:09:13,458 I think I'm behaving well. I'm responsible for what I do. 980 01:09:13,582 --> 01:09:17,325 I'm independent, I don't have any political party. 981 01:09:17,520 --> 01:09:20,831 My interest is in working for the progress of Chile... 982 01:09:20,956 --> 01:09:22,401 ...not for my pocket. 983 01:09:22,458 --> 01:09:24,529 I'm aware that if I have a good wage... 984 01:09:24,727 --> 01:09:28,072 ...then it's only fair that other workers... 985 01:09:28,297 --> 01:09:29,901 ...should have a good wage too. 986 01:09:40,543 --> 01:09:43,319 Today, over 400 workers have turned up. 987 01:09:43,512 --> 01:09:46,686 On the 3:00-11:00 shift, we had over 300. 988 01:09:46,849 --> 01:09:48,192 It's getting back to normal. 989 01:09:52,021 --> 01:09:53,864 The number of workers turning up at their job... 990 01:09:54,023 --> 01:09:56,799 ...goes up to 61 % on May 7. 991 01:09:57,359 --> 01:10:00,203 The mine's trains are working day and night. 992 01:10:03,365 --> 01:10:06,369 Strike! 993 01:10:06,869 --> 01:10:10,373 Strike! 994 01:10:14,977 --> 01:10:17,787 The strikers, encouraged by the opposition... 995 01:10:17,980 --> 01:10:20,085 ...reject two settlement proposals... 996 01:10:20,282 --> 01:10:24,287 ...and demand a doubling of salary readjustments. 997 01:10:27,189 --> 01:10:28,600 Why are you striking? 998 01:10:29,124 --> 01:10:34,472 We're demanding the 41 % that the company owes us. 999 01:10:34,897 --> 01:10:36,604 How many days has it been? 1000 01:10:37,633 --> 01:10:39,340 It's been 21 days now. 1001 01:10:39,902 --> 01:10:41,381 What's going to happen? 1002 01:10:41,804 --> 01:10:44,808 It'll have to be settled today or tomorrow. 1003 01:10:45,274 --> 01:10:47,311 Is this to do with unions or with politics? 1004 01:10:47,509 --> 01:10:50,217 It's never had anything to do with politics. 1005 01:10:50,479 --> 01:10:52,982 There's never been a politician... 1006 01:10:53,215 --> 01:10:57,095 ...or a minister or a deputy involved in this. 1007 01:10:57,553 --> 01:11:00,432 We're just workers defending our rights. 1008 01:11:01,624 --> 01:11:03,570 And I think we have to win... 1009 01:11:03,859 --> 01:11:06,533 ...because we elected our President... 1010 01:11:06,695 --> 01:11:08,868 ...so that he'd defend workers' rights... 1011 01:11:09,031 --> 01:11:11,204 ...not so that he'd come and criticize us... 1012 01:11:11,700 --> 01:11:13,680 ...when we ask for something. 1013 01:11:13,902 --> 01:11:16,246 - You support the President? - Yes, I do. 1014 01:11:16,605 --> 01:11:18,482 The strike is damaging the government. 1015 01:11:18,741 --> 01:11:20,482 Of course it's damaging it... 1016 01:11:20,709 --> 01:11:24,452 ...but I think that in all these 21 days of striking... 1017 01:11:24,680 --> 01:11:28,719 ...they should at least have settled the strike. 1018 01:11:55,177 --> 01:11:59,751 Into the square! 1019 01:13:07,983 --> 01:13:11,362 The strike leaders need to have victims... 1020 01:13:11,553 --> 01:13:13,726 ...so they can accuse the government of repression. 1021 01:13:13,989 --> 01:13:16,595 For that reason, the police get orders... 1022 01:13:16,792 --> 01:13:18,703 ...to act with the greatest caution. 1023 01:13:19,495 --> 01:13:22,533 As the police retreat despite the stone throwing... 1024 01:13:22,765 --> 01:13:24,642 ...there is confusion. 1025 01:13:25,267 --> 01:13:27,804 While some want to continue the fight... 1026 01:13:28,003 --> 01:13:29,641 ...others think it better... 1027 01:13:29,838 --> 01:13:32,478 ...to seize the mining company's offices. 1028 01:13:44,353 --> 01:13:47,357 Let's seize the company! 1029 01:13:47,756 --> 01:13:51,727 I spoke to the governor because I don't want any death. 1030 01:13:52,461 --> 01:13:55,305 - Who represents the workers? - We do! 1031 01:13:55,531 --> 01:13:58,171 The leaders are over there! 1032 01:14:22,925 --> 01:14:24,529 And I also... 1033 01:14:24,893 --> 01:14:27,533 I also requested... 1034 01:14:29,231 --> 01:14:31,939 I also requested, comrades... 1035 01:14:32,067 --> 01:14:35,605 ...that with the same responsibility... 1036 01:14:35,804 --> 01:14:37,943 ...as that of the "El Teniente" workers... 1037 01:14:38,140 --> 01:14:42,748 ...we are asking the police forces here... 1038 01:14:42,911 --> 01:14:46,723 ...that they should maintain the same composure. 1039 01:14:48,083 --> 01:14:51,826 I asked them that they should maintain... 1040 01:14:53,355 --> 01:14:56,996 ...the same composure, comrades. 1041 01:14:57,793 --> 01:14:59,500 And now... 1042 01:14:59,695 --> 01:15:01,470 ...I want... 1043 01:15:03,165 --> 01:15:06,009 I want to say here this morning... 1044 01:15:06,768 --> 01:15:08,577 ...that in the meeting... 1045 01:15:08,770 --> 01:15:11,512 ...which we had with the President of the Republic... 1046 01:15:11,707 --> 01:15:14,051 ...on the 19th... 1047 01:15:18,881 --> 01:15:20,519 I spoke to them... 1048 01:15:20,782 --> 01:15:25,162 ...as an older brother or a comrade would have done... 1049 01:15:25,387 --> 01:15:27,867 ...and I told them clearly how serious it was... 1050 01:15:28,090 --> 01:15:30,832 ...to stop the production of copper now... 1051 01:15:31,026 --> 01:15:32,801 ...when we need more earnings... 1052 01:15:33,028 --> 01:15:35,702 ...when we don't have the financing we need... 1053 01:15:35,898 --> 01:15:38,845 ...when we may not be able to fulfill... 1054 01:15:39,067 --> 01:15:41,013 ...some essential commitments. 1055 01:15:41,203 --> 01:15:42,546 At this moment... 1056 01:15:42,771 --> 01:15:44,944 ...especially when the price of copper... 1057 01:15:45,140 --> 01:15:47,814 ...has reached a satisfactory level... 1058 01:15:47,976 --> 01:15:52,049 ...at this precise moment, "El Teniente" is paralyzed... 1059 01:15:52,214 --> 01:15:55,752 ...just when it had achieved an extraordinary output. 1060 01:15:55,918 --> 01:15:58,228 I spoke to them like a comrade... 1061 01:15:58,420 --> 01:16:00,991 ...with tenderness, with respect, with affection. 1062 01:16:01,256 --> 01:16:02,667 Nevertheless... 1063 01:16:02,858 --> 01:16:06,067 ...economic criteria were stronger... 1064 01:16:06,295 --> 01:16:08,605 ...and so "El Teniente" is at a standstill... 1065 01:16:08,797 --> 01:16:11,607 ...and that means the loss of millions of dollars... 1066 01:16:11,833 --> 01:16:13,244 ...for the country. 1067 01:16:13,468 --> 01:16:15,914 There could have been a solution... 1068 01:16:16,038 --> 01:16:18,848 ...that certainly would have cost less... 1069 01:16:19,041 --> 01:16:20,520 ...than a day's production. 1070 01:16:20,776 --> 01:16:23,279 But that would have set a fatal precedent. 1071 01:16:23,412 --> 01:16:27,224 A readjustment on top of a readjustment. 1072 01:16:27,849 --> 01:16:30,159 Today, I ask them from here to understand... 1073 01:16:30,352 --> 01:16:33,333 ...that being a copper worker in this country... 1074 01:16:33,488 --> 01:16:34,865 ...is a privilege... 1075 01:16:35,123 --> 01:16:37,899 ...from a patriotic and revolutionary point of view. 1076 01:16:38,026 --> 01:16:40,802 They are the workers who must preserve... 1077 01:16:40,963 --> 01:16:42,465 ...the essence of our country. 1078 01:16:42,731 --> 01:16:44,267 We depend on copper... 1079 01:16:44,533 --> 01:16:47,104 ...to be able to buy spare parts, raw materials... 1080 01:16:47,369 --> 01:16:50,043 ...inputs, foodstuffs and medicines. 1081 01:16:50,205 --> 01:16:53,982 I ask them from here, as revolutionary comrades... 1082 01:16:54,176 --> 01:16:55,951 ...to reconsider their attitude. 1083 01:16:56,178 --> 01:17:00,558 We will propose solutions which will mean more income... 1084 01:17:00,749 --> 01:17:03,286 ...on the basis of producing more copper... 1085 01:17:03,485 --> 01:17:04,964 ...and greater productivity. 1086 01:17:05,187 --> 01:17:07,667 I uphold our revolutionary awareness... 1087 01:17:07,889 --> 01:17:11,496 ...and I tell them that I have faith in the Chilean worker... 1088 01:17:11,693 --> 01:17:14,435 ...who cannot forget imperialist aggression... 1089 01:17:14,630 --> 01:17:16,268 ...and internal conspiracy! 1090 01:17:16,531 --> 01:17:19,842 The copper worker and the agricultural worker... 1091 01:17:20,035 --> 01:17:23,073 ...have to unite to defend the future of Chile... 1092 01:17:23,271 --> 01:17:26,650 ...threatened from without and hounded from within! 1093 01:17:36,518 --> 01:17:38,088 In the "Chuquicamata" mine... 1094 01:17:38,286 --> 01:17:40,994 ...on May 16, the workers reject... 1095 01:17:41,189 --> 01:17:43,567 ...a stoppage in solidarity with "El Teniente". 1096 01:17:45,060 --> 01:17:47,370 The same happens in the "El Salvador" mine. 1097 01:17:47,796 --> 01:17:50,072 The opposition fail in their attempt... 1098 01:17:50,265 --> 01:17:52,575 ...to spread the strike to other copper mines. 1099 01:18:02,711 --> 01:18:06,818 On June 6, the strikers send a commission to Santiago. 1100 01:18:09,618 --> 01:18:11,291 Congress, which had justified... 1101 01:18:11,486 --> 01:18:13,557 ...oppression of workers in other times... 1102 01:18:13,755 --> 01:18:17,134 ...opens its gardens to give the miners money and supplies. 1103 01:18:20,195 --> 01:18:23,438 Parliament issues a statement, which has no legal basis... 1104 01:18:23,632 --> 01:18:25,441 ...saying the miners are right. 1105 01:18:26,735 --> 01:18:29,511 And meanwhile, donations continue to arrive. 1106 01:18:30,072 --> 01:18:31,813 For the wealthy sector... 1107 01:18:32,007 --> 01:18:35,147 ...helping the striking miners has become an obligation. 1108 01:18:37,579 --> 01:18:39,889 I am firmly convinced... 1109 01:18:41,149 --> 01:18:42,992 ...that this con?ict... 1110 01:18:43,485 --> 01:18:46,762 ...will have international repercussions... 1111 01:18:48,323 --> 01:18:50,325 ...because here... 1112 01:18:50,625 --> 01:18:52,627 ...what is at stake... 1113 01:18:54,696 --> 01:18:56,733 ...is the firmness of the workers... 1114 01:18:56,932 --> 01:18:58,878 ...in defending their conquests. 1115 01:18:59,735 --> 01:19:01,908 And on the other side... 1116 01:19:02,938 --> 01:19:06,545 ...is the position of the Supreme Government... 1117 01:19:07,175 --> 01:19:11,920 ...which, until this moment, had turned a deaf ear... 1118 01:19:12,280 --> 01:19:14,658 ...to solving this problem. 1119 01:19:15,851 --> 01:19:17,853 And the only culprits... 1120 01:19:18,120 --> 01:19:21,567 ...of the prolongation of these 37 days of strike... 1121 01:19:22,124 --> 01:19:24,126 ...have got names. 1122 01:19:24,860 --> 01:19:29,206 It is a product of the incapacity... 1123 01:19:29,431 --> 01:19:32,412 ...of the ministers responsible for mining and labor... 1124 01:19:32,601 --> 01:19:34,478 ...and of the copper bureaucrats. 1125 01:19:44,713 --> 01:19:45,783 For the first time... 1126 01:19:45,947 --> 01:19:49,292 ...a labor leader is received in the Catholic University. 1127 01:19:51,186 --> 01:19:54,565 When 75% of the miners at "El Teniente"... 1128 01:19:54,756 --> 01:19:57,293 ...and 10% of the clerical staff are back at work... 1129 01:19:57,459 --> 01:19:59,905 ...the leader Guillermo Medina comes to receive the support.. 1130 01:20:00,095 --> 01:20:01,768 ...of the children of the well-to-do. 1131 01:20:02,430 --> 01:20:10,144 Workers and students, forward together! 1132 01:20:15,410 --> 01:20:19,517 Down with incompetent government! 1133 01:20:29,157 --> 01:20:31,137 The Catholic University students... 1134 01:20:31,293 --> 01:20:34,172 ...become the main agitators of the stoppage. 1135 01:20:34,796 --> 01:20:37,106 While the strike eases in "El Teniente"... 1136 01:20:37,265 --> 01:20:39,336 ...the opposition politicize the con?ict. 1137 01:20:39,568 --> 01:20:42,174 In Santiago, the organization "Feminine Power"... 1138 01:20:42,370 --> 01:20:45,146 ...starts to gather funds for the miners' wives. 1139 01:20:54,716 --> 01:20:56,423 A large section of the middle class... 1140 01:20:56,618 --> 01:20:58,928 ...consciously or unconsciously... 1141 01:20:59,187 --> 01:21:01,292 ...starts to join the ranks of fascism. 1142 01:21:34,890 --> 01:21:38,565 - Nationalists! - Present! 1143 01:21:38,760 --> 01:21:42,003 - Nationalists! - Forward! 1144 01:21:42,230 --> 01:21:45,700 - National Front! - Homeland and Freedom! 1145 01:21:46,001 --> 01:21:47,639 - Chile! - One! 1146 01:21:47,769 --> 01:21:49,407 - Chile! - Great! 1147 01:21:49,604 --> 01:21:51,140 - Chile! - Free! 1148 01:21:51,339 --> 01:21:52,374 Forward Chile! 1149 01:21:52,574 --> 01:21:54,611 At the same time, in the mining city of Rancagua... 1150 01:21:54,843 --> 01:21:57,255 ...shopkeepers, professionals and carriers... 1151 01:21:57,445 --> 01:22:00,790 ...call a stoppage in solidarity with the strikers. 1152 01:22:21,803 --> 01:22:23,783 On June 10, the opposition... 1153 01:22:23,972 --> 01:22:26,714 ...occupy the city's radio station by force. 1154 01:22:27,609 --> 01:22:29,782 As Rancagua is too small... 1155 01:22:30,011 --> 01:22:32,491 ...to cause any stir in the now lessening con?ict... 1156 01:22:32,681 --> 01:22:34,922 ...they decide to move to the capital. 1157 01:22:36,351 --> 01:22:39,992 On June 15, 3,000 strikers arrive at the head office... 1158 01:22:40,188 --> 01:22:42,259 ...of the Christian Democrat Party in Santiago. 1159 01:22:42,457 --> 01:22:46,769 They make up approximately 25% of the mine employees. 1160 01:22:48,363 --> 01:22:51,867 Christian Democrat Youth! 1161 01:23:00,342 --> 01:23:02,686 The opposition calls out its troublemakers. 1162 01:23:03,178 --> 01:23:05,818 The government responds with a police presence... 1163 01:23:06,014 --> 01:23:07,925 ...and the mobilization of its militants. 1164 01:23:36,678 --> 01:23:40,490 Workers collaborate with the police to impose order. 1165 01:23:49,991 --> 01:23:52,403 The agitators provoke the police. 1166 01:23:52,660 --> 01:23:55,971 The left-wing workers dismantle the barricades. 1167 01:23:56,031 --> 01:23:59,478 Come on, we have to clean up the streets, comrades! 1168 01:24:07,008 --> 01:24:09,818 How long are those "mummies" going to fuck us up? 1169 01:24:24,159 --> 01:24:26,765 At midday, the Popular Unity supporters... 1170 01:24:26,928 --> 01:24:29,238 ...gather in front of the La Moneda palace. 1171 01:24:29,297 --> 01:24:31,277 We support the popular government! 1172 01:24:31,433 --> 01:24:34,471 The street battle will go on until night. 1173 01:25:04,632 --> 01:25:07,135 VIOLENT CITY 1174 01:25:14,576 --> 01:25:22,552 Allende, Allende, the people will defend you! 1175 01:25:34,829 --> 01:25:37,935 I'm here because I've got class consciousness. 1176 01:25:38,366 --> 01:25:40,710 I'm here with my class comrades... 1177 01:25:40,902 --> 01:25:42,347 ...defending the workers' government... 1178 01:25:42,504 --> 01:25:44,575 ...to the death, if necessary. 1179 01:25:44,839 --> 01:25:51,654 Let's create popular power! 1180 01:25:57,485 --> 01:26:00,125 I've been here since 10:00 a.m... 1181 01:26:00,455 --> 01:26:02,492 ...firstly because of my convictions. 1182 01:26:02,624 --> 01:26:04,365 I'm the father of 12 children. 1183 01:26:04,592 --> 01:26:08,404 I Know this government's fight isn't for me. 1184 01:26:08,696 --> 01:26:11,836 I don't have many days of struggle and sacrifice left. 1185 01:26:12,233 --> 01:26:13,610 It's for my children. 1186 01:26:14,669 --> 01:26:16,910 What we're defending is constitutional power. 1187 01:26:17,238 --> 01:26:18,842 We're against fascism. 1188 01:26:19,941 --> 01:26:21,545 We support the popular government. 1189 01:26:22,043 --> 01:26:24,990 We think that what's going on now is a just struggle. 1190 01:26:25,046 --> 01:26:28,357 We're here to defend the position of all workers. 1191 01:26:28,783 --> 01:26:32,094 We don't want that, because of a privileged group... 1192 01:26:32,654 --> 01:26:34,793 ...like the "El Teniente" miners... 1193 01:26:34,989 --> 01:26:37,026 ...this government should have problems. 1194 01:26:37,225 --> 01:26:40,172 We'll defend this government's position... 1195 01:26:40,361 --> 01:26:41,840 ...to the last consequences. 1196 01:26:42,263 --> 01:26:43,901 Comrade, why are you here? 1197 01:26:44,132 --> 01:26:47,579 I'm Chilean, and I have to defend Allende's government. 1198 01:26:47,769 --> 01:26:49,612 It's the people's government. 1199 01:26:50,705 --> 01:26:53,709 We can't put up with fascism anymore. 1200 01:26:54,175 --> 01:26:56,849 It has to be stopped now, for once and for all. 1201 01:26:57,145 --> 01:26:58,749 It's what the people want. 1202 01:26:59,047 --> 01:27:00,958 Wherever you go, people want the same. 1203 01:27:01,149 --> 01:27:03,095 We've had enough of those idlers... 1204 01:27:03,284 --> 01:27:05,491 ...getting paid for nothing in Congress! 1205 01:27:08,189 --> 01:27:11,398 That's the opinion of all the workers... 1206 01:27:11,626 --> 01:27:13,537 ...of all the people in the villages. 1207 01:27:13,728 --> 01:27:15,469 And we have to be tough on speculators! 1208 01:27:15,697 --> 01:27:17,904 They have to approve the law on economic crimes... 1209 01:27:18,132 --> 01:27:20,942 ...so we can jail the thieves and hoarders! 1210 01:27:22,270 --> 01:27:23,749 Do you want to say anything else? 1211 01:27:24,405 --> 01:27:25,975 I've said enough. 1212 01:27:26,174 --> 01:27:30,589 - Popular Unity! - We shall overcome! 1213 01:27:42,056 --> 01:27:44,866 The next day, the last strikers are loitering... 1214 01:27:45,093 --> 01:27:47,835 ...outside the Christian Democrat offices. 1215 01:27:48,796 --> 01:27:52,243 Many are returning to Rancagua tonight. 1216 01:27:54,369 --> 01:27:56,508 A symbolic group... 1217 01:27:56,704 --> 01:27:59,048 ...goes to the Catholic University. 1218 01:28:01,676 --> 01:28:05,852 In "El Teniente", 93% of the staff have gone back to work. 1219 01:28:07,515 --> 01:28:10,985 On June 21, the Trades Union Council... 1220 01:28:11,152 --> 01:28:14,861 ...organizes a demonstration of force against fascism. 1221 01:28:15,723 --> 01:28:23,733 Let's create popular power! 1222 01:28:24,165 --> 01:28:28,238 "PU", and no compromise! 1223 01:28:33,041 --> 01:28:40,516 Popular Unity against the criminal "mummies"! 1224 01:28:49,290 --> 01:28:57,038 Let's create a popular militia! 1225 01:29:03,438 --> 01:29:07,545 Forward with "PU"! 1226 01:29:32,033 --> 01:29:37,676 Power to the workers! 1227 01:30:09,470 --> 01:30:15,546 If you don't jump, you're a "mummy"! 1228 01:30:23,885 --> 01:30:27,025 Via the "Voice of the Homeland" transmitters... 1229 01:30:27,288 --> 01:30:29,825 ...we have the first worker of the nation... 1230 01:30:30,158 --> 01:30:32,229 ...the President of the Republic... 1231 01:30:32,460 --> 01:30:34,963 ...comrade Salvador Allende. 1232 01:30:50,445 --> 01:30:52,152 While half a million demonstrators... 1233 01:30:52,346 --> 01:30:54,326 ...gather in the center of Santiago... 1234 01:30:54,715 --> 01:30:57,753 ...nearby, watched by the police... 1235 01:30:58,119 --> 01:31:00,258 ...the last strikers watch the event... 1236 01:31:00,455 --> 01:31:02,457 ...from the roof of the Catholic University. 1237 01:31:09,630 --> 01:31:11,200 I maintain... 1238 01:31:12,467 --> 01:31:14,344 ...that never... 1239 01:31:14,902 --> 01:31:17,246 ...in our history... 1240 01:31:17,939 --> 01:31:19,885 ...was there an event... 1241 01:31:20,174 --> 01:31:24,179 ...of the magnitude and content of this one. 1242 01:31:25,146 --> 01:31:28,093 One has had to innovate in all methods... 1243 01:31:29,083 --> 01:31:30,926 ...to be able... 1244 01:31:31,686 --> 01:31:34,860 ...to have even approximately... 1245 01:31:35,857 --> 01:31:38,167 ...a dimension... 1246 01:31:39,193 --> 01:31:41,673 ...of the extraordinary... 1247 01:31:42,063 --> 01:31:44,703 ...spirited and enormous multitude... 1248 01:31:45,533 --> 01:31:47,638 ...which is filling the streets... 1249 01:31:47,835 --> 01:31:49,815 ...Moneda, Agustinas... 1250 01:31:50,004 --> 01:31:54,419 ...Amunategui, Ahumada, Morand�... 1251 01:31:54,876 --> 01:31:57,618 ...Hu�rfanos, Teatinos... 1252 01:31:57,812 --> 01:32:00,053 ...most of the Alameda... 1253 01:32:00,581 --> 01:32:03,323 ...and the column which set out from Tajamar... 1254 01:32:03,718 --> 01:32:06,494 ...has still not been able to arrive... 1255 01:32:06,687 --> 01:32:08,826 ...likewise the column from Vicua Mackenna. 1256 01:32:09,090 --> 01:32:11,127 Never in the history of Chile... 1257 01:32:11,359 --> 01:32:15,899 ...were the people more combative and more present! 1258 01:32:17,465 --> 01:32:20,105 We can feel history here! 1259 01:32:20,835 --> 01:32:23,315 We are reinforcing... 1260 01:32:23,638 --> 01:32:26,551 ...our right to build... 1261 01:32:26,774 --> 01:32:30,779 ...a future of justice and freedom... 1262 01:32:31,012 --> 01:32:33,515 ...to make our way towards socialism! 1263 01:32:41,422 --> 01:32:44,926 A week later, the copper strike is over. 1264 01:32:45,726 --> 01:32:47,137 On June 28... 1265 01:32:47,428 --> 01:32:50,068 ...the 500 miners occupying the Catholic University... 1266 01:32:50,264 --> 01:32:52,107 ...withdraw in small groups. 1267 01:32:52,400 --> 01:32:55,609 In all, the con?ict has lasted 76 days... 1268 01:32:55,803 --> 01:32:58,374 ...and has cost the state millions of dollars. 1269 01:33:00,808 --> 01:33:02,219 With this strike over... 1270 01:33:02,476 --> 01:33:05,821 ...Allende's adversaries have tried almost everything... 1271 01:33:06,013 --> 01:33:07,686 ...to topple his government. 1272 01:33:07,949 --> 01:33:10,156 They have one last resort. 1273 01:33:27,068 --> 01:33:30,777 The next day, June 29, at 9:00 a.m... 1274 01:33:30,838 --> 01:33:34,513 ...the Number Two armored regiment attacks the La Moneda palace... 1275 01:33:34,609 --> 01:33:36,179 ...with 6 tanks and several transport vehicles. 1276 01:34:03,504 --> 01:34:06,610 At 9:30, Parliament, the Judicial Power... 1277 01:34:06,774 --> 01:34:08,913 ...and the opposition parties are silent. 1278 01:34:10,544 --> 01:34:14,185 The rest of the armed forces do not back up the action. 1279 01:34:52,687 --> 01:34:55,167 A little later, Leonardo Henricksen... 1280 01:34:55,222 --> 01:34:58,533 ...an Argentinean cameraman, films his last shot. 1281 01:34:59,360 --> 01:35:01,567 He doesn't just record his own death. 1282 01:35:01,829 --> 01:35:05,470 He also records, two months before the final coup... 1283 01:35:05,666 --> 01:35:09,079 ...the true face of a sector of the Chilean army. 1284 01:35:18,312 --> 01:35:19,950 Watch out! 1285 01:35:26,854 --> 01:35:28,697 Watch out! Over there! 1286 01:35:40,968 --> 01:35:46,077 END OF PART ONE 102749